First, the water body acidified suppression fungus reproduction,caused the fungus to be few, reduced the organic matterdisintegration rate, caused the fungus rapid the water body to be rich , sent the waterbody to live the strength to lose. In the acidiffed water body,floats the kind and the quantity are few, manynature reduce, the biomass drops. shadespopulation and quantity. Because of to foodterminal, food shortage, inevitably creates thepopulation and the quantity are , itself acidity is especially sensitive. On theone hand, because the water body pH value suddenly changes ,enables very quick to be suitable , but causes the largequantities of deaths; On the other hand, the time acid raincauses the water body the pH value by the drop, has thecertain suitable ability, as for suddenly does not die, but notabbot/abbess the acidic strength, sends the functionabnormally, gets sick , the reproduction ability drops,but the group the quantity by are few, finallyvanishes. . According to has said, if in Sweden's more than 90,000 lakes,had 20000 to encounter the acid rain harm, more than 4,000Cheng?? lake. Norway has more than 260 lakes .North America's Canada and is beautiful , had several ten thousandsizes lakes to encunter the acid rain the destruction, Canada hasmore than 4,500 lakes survivals, becomes"the deadlake". places water body acidification such as heavy, the PH value is smaller than , cannot survive,, receives many times . Second, the waters acidification sends the aquatic plant deathto vanish, destroys each living thing construction,creates the heavy waters to live is . Water bodyacidified shade aquatic biology kind . Is higher than in in the pH value, floats the plant population to be normal,pH value reducing, the population lives . For example,is bigger than in the pH value , in lake by diatom host; Butthe pH value is smaller than , is substituted by thealgae; the pH value is equal to , board algae Cheng?yuthe kind.
参加工作已来,,已发表论文37篇,其中16篇为SCI收录论文。参与王明庥院士主编的《林木遗传育种》一书的撰写,该书获国家科委优秀科技图书一等奖。文章发表在Science、Nature、Plant Journal、New Phytologist、Plant Physiology、Genome Research、Heredity、Tree Genetics & Genomes、PloS ONE、遗传、Molecular Breeding等国际国内主流期刊 。 Ye, Qiaolin Ye, Ning; Yin, Tongming : Enhanced multi-weight vector projection support vector machine ,Pattern Recognition Letters, v 42, n 1, p 91-100, June 1, 2014 Neighbors' distribution property and sample reduction for support vector machines, APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING,2014,V16:201-209 Boundary detection and sample reduction for one-class Support Vector Machines,NEUROCOMPUTING, V123:166-173 Muchero, W., M. M. Sewell, et al. (2013). Genome Anchored QTLs for Biomass Productivity in Hybrid Populus Grown under Contrasting Environments. PLoS One 8(1). Li, S., T. Shi, et al. (2013). Methods for breaking the dormancy of eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis) seeds. Seed Science and Technology 41(1): 27-35. Wan, Z. B., Y. R. Li, et al. (2013). Melampsora larici-populina, the main rust pathogen, causes loss in biomass production of black cottonwood plantations in the south of China. Phytoparasitica 41(3): 337-344. Liu, J. J., T. M. Yin, et al. (2013). Transcriptome Analysis of the Differentially Expressed Genes in the Male and Female Shrub Willows (Salix suchowensis). PLoS One 8(4) Marker-aided selection 1 of polyploid poplars Bioenergy Res,EI SCI 2013 Discovey and experimental analysis of microsatellites in an oil woody plant Cameallia chekinagoleosa. Plant Syst Evol,correspondence SCI 2013 Identification of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for cadmium tolerance in Populus TREE PHYSIOLOGY SCI 2012, 32 (5): 626-638 The obscure events contributing to the evolution of an incipient sex chromosome in Populus: a retrospective working hypothesis Tree Genetics & Genomes SCI (2012) 8:559–571 Genome-wide detection of genetic loci triggering uneven descending of gametes from a natural hybrid pine Tree Genetics & Genomes,通讯 SCI 2012,DOI 基于Otsu算法的木材缺陷图像分割 计算机与数字工程 2012,276: 116-118 杨树锈菌表达序列微卫星分析及EST-SSR标记开发 东北林业大学学报 2012,40:76-80 油茶基因组微卫星特征分析 南京林业大学学报 2012,36:47-50 环境条件和播后覆土对水杉种子出苗率的影响 中南林业科技大学学报 2012,32:26-30 林木遗传育种基础研究热点述评,林业科学,2012,48:150-154 林业科学 2012,48:150-154 基于改进的Affinity Propagation聚类的木材缺陷识别 工 程 数 学 学 报 2012, 49:600-606 Establish the ideal statistical model tracking the Dynamic growth rhythm for progeny in a full-sib family of Salix xuzhouenesis 4th International Conference on Pulping, Papermaking and Biotechnology, ISTP 2012,Nanjing China DETECTION AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSES OF MICROSATELLITES IN CODING SEQUENCES OF PINES 4th International Conference on Pulping, Papermaking and Biotechnology, ISTP 2012,Nanjing China Yin, T., X. Zhang, et al. (2010). Differential detection of genetic Loci underlying stem and root lignin content in Populus. PLoS One 5(11): e14021. Li, S., Y. Chen, et al. (2010).Potential chromosomal introgression barriers revealed by linkage analysis in a hybrid of Pinus massoniana and P. hwangshanensis. BMC Plant Biol 10: 37. Compare gene densities between chromosomes that share large duplicated segments and survey gene coverage by ESTs in polar genome. Genomics and applied biology 通讯作者 2010,29(3) 桉树EST序列中微卫星含量及相关特征分析 植物学报通讯作者 国内 2010,45(3) Characterization of microsatellites in the coding regions of the Populus genome Molecular Breeding通讯作者 SCI DOI: Bioinformatics-Based Identification of Candidate Genes from QTLs Associated with Cell Wall Traits in Populus Bioenergy Res SCI 2010,DOI Characteristics of microsatellites in the transcript sequences of the Laccaria bicolor genome Journal of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology通讯作者 SCI 2010, 20(3) 林木基因组和功能基因克隆研究进展与展望 遗传 国内 2010, 32(7) An Improved Approach for Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in a Pseudo-Testcross: Revisiting a Poplar Mapping Study. Bioinformatics and Biology Insights 国外 SCI 2010:4 BoxCox转换对数量性状基因座位分析的影响及其应用 南京林业大学学报. 国内 2010,34(3) 黄山松不同生理生化指标随海拔高度变化趋势研究 东北林业大学学报通讯作者 国内 2010,38(6) Microsatellite primers resource developed from the mapped sequence scaffolds of Nisqually-1 genome New Phytologist SCI 2009, 181 A microarray-based genotyping and genetic mapping approach for highly heterozygous outcrossing species enables localization of a large fraction of the unassembled Populus trichocarpa genome sequence Plant Journal SCI (2009) 58 Detection of quantitative trait loci influencing growth trajectories of adventitious roots in Populus using functional mapping Tree Genetics & Genomes 国外 SCI (2009) 5 A genetic linkage map for the ectomycorrhizal fungus New Phytologist 国外 SCI (2008) 180 Comparative Analysis of F-Box Proteins in Arabidopsis, Poplar and Rice Suggests Differential Proteolytic Pathway Mediated through F-Box Protein between Woody Perennial and Herbaceous Annual Plants Plant Physiology SCI 2008,148 Genome structure and emerging evidence of an incipient sex chromosome in Populus Genome Research SCI 18: 422-430, 2008. A physical map of the highly heterozygous Populus genome: integration with the genome sequence and genetic map Plant Journal SCI 50(6):1063-78, 2007 A dense linkage map of hybrid cottonwood (Populus fremontii_P. angustifolia) contributes to long-term ecological research and comparison mapping in a model forest tree Heredity SCI (2008) 100 Map and Analysis of Microsatellites in Genome of Populus: the First Sequenced Perennial Plant SCIENCE IN CHINA SERIES C-LIFE SCIENCES通讯作者 SCI 50(5), 690-699, 2007 植物细胞壁伸展蛋白研究述评 林业科学,通讯作者 国内 2010,46:144-152 The Bioenergy Science Center (BESC) and Overcoming Recalcitrance of Populus to Biofuel Production. IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL 国外 SCI 2010, 46:48 - 杨树微卫星序列对基因表达频率影响及表达序列中微卫星特征分析 南京林业大学学报,通讯 国内 2011,35:11-14 松树、杨树及桉树表达基因序列微卫星比对分析 基因组与应用生物学,通讯作者 国内 2011,30:103-109 The genome of black cottonwood, Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray ex Brayshaw) SCIENCE 国外 SCI 313: 1596-1604, 2006- The genome sequence of the basidiomycete fungus Laccaria bicolor provides insightsinto the mycorrhizal symbiosis Nature SCI 452:88-93, 2008 - Phenotypic variation in growth and biomass distribution for two advanced-generation pedigrees of hybrid poplar(Populus spp.) CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH 国外 SCI 35 (8): 1779-1789 AUG,2005 Mapping the Rust Resistant Loci MXC3 and MER in P. trichocarpa and Assessing the Intermarker Linkage Disequilibrium in MXC3 Region NEW PHYTOLOGIST 国外 SCI 164 (1): 95-105 OCT 2004 Large-scale Heterospecific Segregation Distortion in Populus Revealed by a dense Genetic Map THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS 国外 SCI 109 (3): 451-463 AUG 2004 Characterization of Microsatellites Revealed by Genomic Sequencing of Populus trichocarpa CAN. J. FOR. RES. SCI 34(1): 85-93 (2004) A likelihood approach for mapping growth trajectories using dominant markers in a phase-unknown full-sib family THEOR APPL GENET 国外 SCI 108 (4): 699-705 FEB2004 马尾松表达序列标签多态性初步分析 林业科学 40(6):176-180. Nov 2004 Nearly complete genetic maps of Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine) constructed by AFLP marker analysis in a full-sib family THEOR APPL GENET 国外 SCI 106 (6): 1075-1083 APR 2003 利用分子标记技术对林木近缘种进行遗传鉴别的研究 林业科学 国内 39(3): 130-135, 2003 Analysis of genetic structure of natural populations of Castanopsis fargesii by RAPDs ACTA BOT SIN 国内 SCI 44 (11): 1321- 1326 NOV 2002 Molecular linkage maps of the Populus genome GENOME 国外 SCI 45 (3): 541-555 JUN 2002 Preliminary interspecific genetic maps of the Populus genome constructed from RAPD markers GENOME 国外 SCI 44 (4): 602-609 AUG 2001 Host effect on genetic variation of Marssonina brunnea pathogenic to poplars THEOR APPL GENET 国外 SCI 100 (3-4): 614-620 FEB 2000 History and progress of the genomics studies in the model system of perennial plant species ACTA PHYTOTAXONOMICA SINICA 国内 SCI 42 (5): 464-479 SEP 2004 Quantitative trait loci for growth trajectories in Populus GENET RES 国外 SCI 81 (1): 51-64 FEB 2003 A logistic mixture model for characterizing genetic determinants causing differentiation in growth trajectories GENET RES 国外 SCI 79 (3): 235-245 JUN 2002 用SSR研究栲树群体遗传结构 植物学报 国内 SCI 43(4):409-412,2001
水和土壤环境污染化学与生态修复人才称号及获奖:2004年入选教育部新世纪优秀人才项目;2005年 获南开大学敬业奖教金一等奖;2006年 主讲本科生专业必修课《环境化学》获校示范精品课;2007年 获全国模范教师及教育系统巾帼建功标兵称号,博士生张学治获南开大学优秀博士学位论文;2008年 主讲本科生专业必修课《环境化学》获国家精品课;2008年 获得南开大学优秀博士学位论文指导教师称号,博士生汪磊获南开大学优秀博士学位论文;2009年 博士生于泳获高廷耀环保科技青年博士杰出人才奖金。主要教育和学术经历] b]1989年南开大学化学系本科毕业;1991年南开大学化学系分析专业硕士课程毕业;1994年南开大学环境科学系环境化学专业博士毕业,获得理学博士学位。1994年7月起,任教于南开大学环境科学系(后扩建为环境科学与工程学院),历任讲师(1994)、副教授(1996)、教授(1999)和博士生导师(2001)。1999年10月至2001年9月在日本大阪大学工学大学院环境工学系做博士后研究。2008年1月-3月瑞士联邦水科学技术研究所(Eawag)高级访问学者。科研项目: 承担各类科技项目40余项,主要有1. 国家杰出青年基金项目“新型污染物复合体系的环境地球化学行为”,2013-2016,主持人2. 国家自然科学基金委,“新型有机污染物在近海岸生物地球化学行为及其对映体选择性研究”,2011-2013,主持人3. 天津市基础研究重点项目“利用共代谢机制修复汽油与三氯乙烯复合污染土壤”, 2010-2013,主持人4.国家自然科学基金外国青年学者合作项目“短碳链全氟化合物(C4、C6)及其立体异构体在环境中来源与归宿”,2012-2013,国内合作者5.国家水利部公益项目“滨海新区水库咸化及富营养化防治技术研究”(201101060),2011-2013,骨干6. 国家科技支撑项目“滨海新区及周边地区海岸带生态系统保护与恢复技术及示范”, 2012-2015,骨干7.科技部国际科技合作项目“全氟化合物的污染与归宿-水处理设施到环境水体”(2009DFA92390),2009-2011,主持人8. 国家高新技术研究发展计划863项目“原位电动生物技术修复多环芳烃污染土壤”,2008-2010,主持人9. 国家自然科学基金重点项目“土壤典型有机污染物的界面过程及修复技术原理, 2008-2011,第一参加人10. 天津市科技创新基金项目“大沽排污河底泥安全处置与河道生态修复技术集成及应用”, 2008-2011,课题技术负责人11. 天津市农村工作委员会新技术引进项目“土地渗滤系统处理农村生活污水”,2008-2010,技术负责人12. 国家自然科学基金项目“复合污染条件下有机污染物在河口颗粒物上的不可逆作用过程及其生物有效性”,2007-2009,主持人13. 天津市农村工作委员会国际合作重大项目“天津市农田重金属污染诊断及危害控制技术推广”,2006-2009,主持人14. 国家重点基础研究项目973,“东北老工业基地污染形成机理及修复原理研究”,2004-2009,骨干15. 国家科技支撑项目“松花江水污染事件生态环境影响评估与对策”子课题“松花江黑龙江段污染底质与修复技术研究”,2005-2006,骨干16. 国家自然科学基金委重点项目,“黄河兰州段典型污染物迁移转化和承纳水平研究”,2003-2006,第一参加人17. 国家科技部863项目,“天津市经济技术开发区水环境改善综合项目”,2003-2005,副组长18. 国家自然科学基金委面上项目“土壤中被封锁有机污染物形成机理和风险评价”,2003-2005,主持人19. 国家自然科学基金委面上项目“壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚及其降解产物在水环境多介质行为研究”,2003-2005,主持人20. 日本Kurita水环境基金,“壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚的分析方法及在中国北方处理厂进出水分布研究”2002-2003,主持人主要学术成就:发表期刊论文130篇,SCI摘引英文论文50余篇。参加编写教材或专著7部,申请专利8项,目前获得授权2项。近3年主要英文论文如下:1. Wenling Wu, Hongwen Sun, Lei Wang, Kungang Li, Lu Wang. Comparative study the micelle properties of synthetic and dissolved organic matters. J of Hazard Mater, in press2. Xuebo Qin, Hongwen Sun, Cuiping Wang, Yong Yu, Tieheng Sun. Impacts of crab bioturbation on the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediment from the Beitang estuary of Tianjin, China. Environ Toxicol Chem, in press3. Zunlong Zhou, Hongwen Sun, Wen Zhang. Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aged and unaged charcoals with and without modification of humic acids. Environ Pollut, available on line4. Lei Wang, Hongwen Sun, Lurong Yang, Chuan He, Wenling Wu, Shujuan Sun. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids and perfluorooctanesulfonate in bivalve shells: Extraction method optimization. J Chromato A, 2010, 1217: 436–442. 5. Hongwen Sun, Wenling Wu, Lei Wang. Phenanthrene partitioning in sediment–surfactant–fresh/saline water systems. Environ Pollut, 2009, 157: 2520–. Cuiping Wang, Hongwen Sun, Jieming Li, Yimeng Li, Qingmin Zhang. Enzyme activities during PAHs degradation by white rot Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium in soils. Chemosphere, 2009, 77: 733–. Lei Wang, Hongwen Sun, Yinghong Wu, Guolan Huang, Shugui Dai. Photodegradation of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in aqueous solution. Environ Chem, 2009, 6: . Hongwen Sun, Wenling Wu, Lei Wang. Phenanthrene partitioning in sediment–surfactant fresh/saline water systems. Environ Pollut, 2009, 157: 2520-. Yong Yu, Hongyan Zhai, Shaogang Hou, Hongwen Sun. Nonylphenol ethoxylates and their metabolites in sewage treatment plants and rivers of Tianjin, China. Chemosphere, 2009, 77, 1-. Chunxiao Jiang, Hongwen Sun, Tieheng Sun, Qingmin Zhang, Yanfeng Zhang. Immobilization of cadmium in soils by UV-mutated Bacillus subtilis 38 bioaugmentation and NovoGro amendment. J Hazard Mater, 2009, 167: 1170-. Hongwen Sun, Xuezhi Zhang, Zhiyan Zhang, Yongsheng Chen, J C. Crittenden. Influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on speciation and bioavailability of arsenite. Environ Pollut, 2009, 157: . Yong Yu, Jian Xu, Ping Wang, Hongwen Sun, Shugui Dai. Sediment-porewater partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River, China. J Hazard Mater, 2009, 165: . Lei Wang, Hongwen Sun, Yinghong Wu, Ying Xin. Effect of sorbed nonylphenol on sorption of phenanthrene onto mineral surface. J Hazard Mater, 2009, 161, . Aiyin Chen, Xiaodong Ma, Hongwen Sun, Decolorization of KN-R catalyzed by Fe-containing Y and ZSM-5 zeolites. J Hazard Mater, 2008, 156: . Yong Yu; Jian Xu; Hongwen Sun; Shugui Dai. Sediment-porewater partition of nonylphenol polyethoxylates: field measurements from Lanzhou Reach of Yellow River, China. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol, 2008, 55, . Hongwen Sun, Zunlong Zhou. Impacts of charcoal characteristics on sorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Chemosphere, 2008, 71: . Hongwen Sun, Cuiping Wang, Chong Huo. Semipermeable membrane device assisted desorption of pyrene from soils and its relationship to bioavailability. Environ Toxicol Chem, 2008, 27: . Hongwen Sun, Qishe Yan. Influence of combination state on treatment efficiency of pyrene-contaminated soil by Fenton oxidation. J Environ Manage, 2008, 888: . Ruihua Zhang, Hongwen Sun, Jin Yin. Arsenic and Chromate removal from water by iron chips- Effects of anions. Front Environ Sci Engin China, 2008, 2(2): 203-20820. Cuiping Wang, Hongwen Sun, Zhiguang Song, Tao Zhang. The distribution of phenylalkanes in the modern sediment associated with gas hydrate from the Gulf of Mexico. Acta Oceanological Sinica, 2008, 27(6):71-8221. Xiaodong Ma, Hongwen Sun, Peng Yu. A novel way for preparing high surface area silica monolith with bimodal pore structure. J Mater Sci, 2008, 43: 887-89122. Hou Shaogang, Hongwen Sun. Pollution of NPEOs in four municipal sewage treatment plants in the north of China. Front Environ Sci Engin China, 2007, 1(2): . Guolan Huang, Shaogang Hou, Lei Wang, Hongwen Sun. Distribution and fate of nonylphenol in an aquatic microcosm. Water Res, 2007, 41: . Hongwen Sun, Qishe Yan. Influence of Fenton oxidation on soil organic matter and its sorption and desorption of pyrene. J Hazard Mater, 2007, 144: . Xuezhi Zhang, Hongwen Sun, Zhiyan Zhang, Qian Niu, Yongsheng Chen, J C. Crittenden. Enhanced bioaccumulation of cadmium in carp in the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Chemosphere, 2007, 67: 160-. Junguo Li, Hongwen Sun, Yu Zhang. Desorption of pyrene from freshly-amended and aged soils and its relationship to bioaccumulation in earthworms. Soil Sediment Contam, 2007, 16: . Hongwen Sun, Xuezhi Zhang, Yongsheng Chen, J C. Crittenden. Enhanced accumulation of arsenic in carp in the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Water Air Soil Pollut, 2007, 178: . Lei Wang, Yinghong Wu, Hongwen Sun, Shugui Dai. Distribution and dissipation pathways of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in aquatic multi-media of the Yellow River: site investigation and lab-scale studies. Environ Int, 2006, 32: . Shaogang Hou, Hongwen Sun, Yuna Gao. Sorption of small metabolites of nonylphenol polyethoxylates in single and complex systems on aquatic suspended particulate matter. Chemosphere, 2006, 63: . Hongwen Sun, Lei Wang, Ruihua Zhang, Guannan Xu. Treatment of groundwater polluted by arsenic compounds by zero valent iron. J Hazard Mater, 2006, 129: 297–303.
《计算机工程与应用》。该期刊的主办单位是华北计算技术研究所,每半个月出版一次,为电子信息科学综合核心期刊。创刊时间为1964年,出版地是北京。
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ProQuest商业信息、学术研究、应用科技数据库涉及商业管理、社会与人文科学、科学与技术、金融与税务、医药学等广泛领域。提供期刊、报纸、参考书、参考文献、书目、索引、地图集、绝版书籍、记录档案、博士论文和学者论文集等各种类型的信息服务,其中ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global(PQDT Global)是目前世界上规模最大、使用最广泛的博硕士论文数据库。
PubMed 是一个免费的搜寻引擎,提供生物医学方面的论文搜寻以及摘要的数据库。它的数据库来源为MEDLINE。其核心主题为医学,但亦包括其他与医学相关的领域,像是护理学或者其他健康学科。提供指向全文提供者(付费或免费)的链接。
EI在全球的学术界、工程界、信息界中享有盛誉,是科技界共同认可的重要检索工具。涉及领域:机械工程、机电工程、船舶工程、制造技术、矿业、冶金、材料工程、金属材料、有色金属、陶瓷、塑料及聚合物工程等。
IEEE(Institute of Electrical & ElectronicsEngineers)是电气电子工程师协会IEEE和国际工程技术协会IET的全文库。IEEE致力于电气、电子、计算机工程和与科学有关的领域的开发和研究,在太空、计算机、电信、生物医学、电力及消费性电子产品等领域已制定了1300多个行业标准,现已发展成为具有较大影响力的国际学术组织。
百度学术于2014年6月上线,是百度旗下的免费学术资源搜索平台,提供海量中英文文献学术资源,涵盖各类学术期刊、学位、会议论文,部分文献可直接下载。
sci-hub专门免费下载外文文献,但网站经常换域名,有时不稳定,新域名也有卡顿打不开现象,而且没有收录新文献,目前2022年文献基本下不到。
学术文献下载器(),把海量中外文献数据库资源整合一起,涵盖上面提到的文献数据库,文献资源庞大涉及全科,包括谷歌学术和sci-hub下载不了的文献。适合学校资源不够的高校生或者是单位没有数据库资源的科研人员查阅下载文献资料。
小木虫论坛-SCI期刊点评专栏:拥有来自国内各大院校、科研院所的博硕士研究生和企业研发人员对期刊的专业点评,覆盖了8000+ SCI期刊杂志的专业点评信息,为国内外学术科研人员论文投稿、期刊选择等提供了专业的建议。小木虫论坛秉承“为中国学术科研免费提供动力”宗旨,已成为千万硕博 ...浏览6707 回答81 Epigenetics经验分享:with editor一个月了,好慢呐,有战友投过这个期刊 么,版面费多少? 2 0 2021-07-01 ms8933482113232354 影响因子: 经验分享:EPIGENETICS-US的2020年度#影响因子#为 168 0 2021-02-18 ms6032332839474392 …浏览6707 回答81 科技大数据知识发现平台平台围绕大数据与文献情报智能服务,提供知识发现丰富化和多维度化:提供多维度分面展示,快速发现知识;利用STKOS语义支持相关搜索词分析与规范;提供对专利的关联发现,辅助了解当前关注方向的专利产出,辅助寻求科研合作关系;提供对期刊的关联发现,对期刊按领域、研究方向、期刊的 ...浏览6707 回答81 Editorial:BrainInsulinResistanceinNeurodevelopmental首页 资讯 期刊 导师 问答 求职 发Paper 文献直达 高级搜索 期刊列表 论文助手 搜索 当前位置: X-MOL 学术 › Front. Neurosci. › 论文详情 Editorial: Brain Insulin Resistance in …如何快速使用endnote首先推荐你一个网站,xmol。. 为了搜索你的领域,首先要了解两个方法,第一doi,第二,关键词。. 后者你需要科学上网 。. 你看到了一篇文献,你可以在文献里找到doi或者是以文章期刊名,页码等的引用格式。. 复制doi或者引用格式到xmol,一搜就会直达文章 ...科研过程中,如何订阅本领域重要的期刊,使其整期推送新的 ...2019-7-30如何评价化学咨询平台x-mol? - 知乎2016-4-11你写论文时发现了哪些非常神的网站? - 知乎2016-2-27查看更多结果如何快速查询JACS文献XMOL化学 2015-08-11 2698人看过 JACS可以说是每个化学人梦寐以求的能发一篇论文的地方,可以说是化学类杂志的龙头。化学人经常需要查询JACS的文献。如何在谷歌学术不能用、ACS访问太慢、百度太渣的情况下,快速查询到JACS的文献呢?AnalyticalandBioanalyticalChemistry期刊最新论文,化学Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry期刊最新论文,,顶级期刊最新论文图文内容,出版社网站每日同步更新,点击标题直达论文原文,自定义关注的期刊,覆盖PubMed的论文库,快速方便精准的找到您想要的 …iomedicalMicrodevices期刊最新论文,化学/材料,Biomedical Microdevices期刊最新论文,,顶级期刊最新论文图文内容,出版社网站每日同步更新,点击标题直达论文原文,自定义关注的期刊,覆盖PubMed的论文库,快速方便精准的找到您想要的论文中国实用外科杂志中国实用外科杂志Chinese Journal of Practical Surgery. 核心期刊 JST Pж (AJ) CSCD 统计源期刊. 基本信息. 曾用刊名: 实用外科杂志. 主办单位: 中国医师协会;中国实用医学杂志社. 出版周期: 月刊. ISSN: 1005-2208. CN: …化学SCI期刊目录导航SCI期刊搜索 - 最新影响因子查询 中科院分区源于2019年12月17日《2019年中国科学院文献情报中心期刊分区表》“基础版”,仅供参考! 仪器仪表 光谱学 全科医学与补充医学 分析化学 化学综合 声学 学科教育 工程:化工 工程:土木 应用化学 数学跨学科应用 无机 ...小木虫论坛-SCI期刊点评专栏:拥有来自国内各大院校、科研院所的博硕士研究生和企业研发人员对期刊的专业点评,覆盖了8000+ SCI期刊杂志的专业点评信息,为国内外学术科研人员论文投稿、期刊选择等提供了专业的建议。小木虫论坛秉承“为中国学术科研免费提供动力”宗旨,已成为千万硕博 ...Epigenetics经验分享:with editor一个月了,好慢呐,有战友投过这个期刊 么,版面费多少? 2 0 2021-07-01 ms8933482113232354 影响因子: 经验分享:EPIGENETICS-US的2020年度#影响因子#为 168 0 2021-02-18 ms6032332839474392 …科技大数据知识发现平台平台围绕大数据与文献情报智能服务,提供知识发现丰富化和多维度化:提供多维度分面展示,快速发现知识;利用STKOS语义支持相关搜索词分析与规范;提供对专利的关联发现,辅助了解当前关注方向的专利产出,辅助寻求科研合作关系;提供对期刊的关联发现,对期刊按领域、研究方向、期刊的 ...Editorial:BrainInsulinResistanceinNeurodevelopmental首页 资讯 期刊 导师 问答 求职 发Paper 文献直达 高级搜索 期刊列表 论文助手 搜索 当前位置: X-MOL 学术 › Front. Neurosci. › 论文详情 Editorial: Brain Insulin Resistance in …如何快速使用endnote首先推荐你一个网站,xmol。. 为了搜索你的领域,首先要了解两个方法,第一doi,第二,关键词。. 后者你需要科学上网 。. 你看到了一篇文献,你可以在文献里找到doi或者是以文章期刊名,页码等的引用格式。. 复制doi或者引用格式到xmol,一搜就会直达文章 ...科研过程中,如何订阅本领域重要的期刊,使其整期推送新的 ...2019-7-30如何评价化学咨询平台x-mol? - 知乎2016-4-11你写论文时发现了哪些非常神的网站? -如何快速查询JACS文献XMOL化学 2015-08-11 2698人看过 JACS可以说是每个化学人梦寐以求的能发一篇论文的地方,可以说是化学类杂志的龙头。化学人经常需要查询JACS的文献。如何在谷歌学术不能用、ACS访问太慢、百度太渣的情况下,快速查询到JACS的文献呢?AnalyticalandBioanalyticalChemistry期刊最新论文,化学Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry期刊最新论文,,顶级期刊最新论文图文内容,出版社网站每日同步更新,点击标题直达论文原文,自定义关注的期刊,覆盖PubMed的论文库,快速方便精准的找到您想要的 …BiomedicalMicrodevices期刊最新论文,化学/材料,Biomedical Microdevices期刊最新论文,,顶级期刊最新论文图文内容,出版社网站每日同步更新,点击标题直达论文原文,自定义关注的期刊,覆盖PubMed的论文库,快速方便精准的找到您想要的论文
第一种:web of sciencesci收录的期刊,可以在web of science网站上查询到。当查看某一本sci的期刊号时,就可以登录web of science,按照提示,完成该本sci期刊的检索,在相关信息介绍中,就可以找到sci期刊号。
第二种:中国知网中国知网是非常大的数据库,收录了很多期刊。我们可以登录中国知网,检索要查询的sci期刊,只要该本sci期刊收录,就可以找到该本期刊的介绍,查看到对应的期刊号。
第三种:sci期刊分区名单sci期刊名单每年都会更新一次,每次更新都会公布最新的期刊分区名单。这份名单中,包括每本sci期刊的介绍,自然也可以查看到对应的期刊号。
一区sci期刊有哪些如下:
一区sci期刊有Nature和Science,一区sci期刊还有Cell Metabolism 、Cancer Cell、Science Advances、Cell Reports、Nature Microbiology、Nature Biotechnology、Autophagy、Journal of Hepatology、Hepatology、Circulation等刊物,这些刊物在本专业中都是顶尖刊物,发表难度也是可想而知的。
国内也有很多优秀刊物被检索收录,这部分刊物也是国内作者发表sci论文选择刊物时首先会关注并选择的,包括Cell Research、Mol Cell、Cell Discovery、Fungal Diversity、Molecular Plant、Protein & Cell、Cellular & Molecular Immunology、Bone Research等等。
一区二区是sci期刊特有的期刊分类标准,sci将其检索的期刊按照影响因子高低分为四个区,也就是一区二区三区四区,四个区中对应不同的刊物,四个区中一区影响因子最高,四区最低,所以一区二区论文对应的就是发表在一区期刊和二区期刊的论文。
中文sci期刊如下:化学学报、物理学报、高等学校化学学报、岩石学报、植物分类学报、物理化学学报、高分子学报、分析化学、地球物理学报、无机化学学报、有机化学、无机材料学报、生物化学与生物物理进展、化学进展、稀有金属材料与工程、光谱学与光谱分析、新型碳材料、金属学报、红外与毫米波学报。
SCI全称是ScienceCitationIndex,是美国科学信息研究院(InstituteforScientificInformation,简称ISI)出版的一部世界著名的期刊文献检索工具,其出版形式包括印刷版期刊和光盘版及联机数据库,还发行了互联网上Web版数据库。SCI收录全世界出版的数、理、化、农、林、医、生命科学、天文、地理、环境、材料、工程技术等自然科学各学科的核心期刊约3500种。
sci经过50多年的发展,现在已经发展成为当代世界非常重要的大型数据库,并且已经列入国际六大著名检索系统之一。这是一部非常重要的检索工具书,同时也是科学研究成果评价的一项重要依据。
被SCI收录的中国期刊,整体数量还是比较少的,但是依然是一个缓慢的上升趋势。想查找这个还是比较容易的,大家直接进入知网就可以查询到。先点击期刊导航,然后点击数据库刊源导航,再点击SCI科学引文索引。所有被收录的中国期刊就能在这里查到了。
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The Structure and Crystallization of Amorphous Ni-Fe-P-B Alloys Prepared by Electroless Plating.《Z. Metallkd.》,2001,92⑷,391~395. SCI、EI收录。31. Wang Lingling,Zhao Lihua,Hu Wangyu,Zhang Bangwei,Shu Xiaolin,Sheng Xia. Chemical Iron-Tin-Boron Films.《Metal Finish.》,2001,99⑹,92~. 黄维清,王玲玲,邓辉球,胡望宇,赵立华。机械合金化法制备Al-Cu-Fe纳米非晶合金。《中国有色金属学报》,200 1,11⑷,646~. 王玲玲,赵立华,黄维清,黄桂芳,张建勇。化学沉积Ni-Fe-P-B合金膜的结构和显微硬度,《湖南大学学报》,2001,28⑹,42~. 邓辉球,胡望宇,舒小林,赵立华,张邦维,Monte Carlo simulation of the surface segregation of Pt-Pd and Pt-Ir alloys with an analytic embedded-atom method,Surface Science,517 (2002)177-185. SCI,EI收录.35. 邓辉球,胡望宇,舒小林,赵立华,张邦维,用分析型嵌入原子方法计算Pd-Au合金的热力学性质,计算物理,19⑸(2002). 邓辉球,胡望宇,舒小林,赵立华,张邦维,Pt-Rh二元合金系表面偏聚的分析型EAM模型计算,金属学报,37⑸(2001)467-471. SCI收录.37. 邓辉球,胡望宇,舒小林,赵立华,张邦维,Monte Carlo simulation of the surface segregation on PdPt alloy with an analytic EAM potential,Mechanics and Material Engineering for Science and Experiments,Editors: Yichun Zhou,Yuanxian Gu,Zheng Li,Science Press New York Ltd.,2001,p359-362. ISTP收录.38. 邓辉球,赵立华,黄维清,胡望宇,王玲玲,准晶薄膜与涂层的制备、性能与应用,功能材料,32⑵(2001). 邓辉球,胡望宇,舒小林,赵立华,张邦维,Cu-Ni二元合金系表面聚集的Monte Carlo模拟计算,材料科学与工艺,9 (2001) . 邓辉球,赵立华,掺氟提高YBaCuO高温超导体超导特性的机理研究,功能材料,32(2001)788 790
李霞.顾幸勇.刘琪 查看详情 [期刊论文] -中国陶瓷2004(03) 高朋召 三维碳纤维预制体/陶瓷基复合材料的制备及性能研究 2004 廖树帜.张邦维 查看详情 [期刊论文] -稀有金属材料与工程1998(05) 郑燕青.施尔畏.李汶军 查看详情 [期刊论文] -中国科学2001(04) 葛荣德.刘志宏 查看详情 1995 Voleeanov E 查看详情 2007(2-3) Blumm J 查看详情 2005(09) 更多...相似文献(10条)期刊论文 Sol-gel法制备ZrO2/钙铝硅系微晶玻璃复合材料的研究 - 中国陶瓷2005,41(1) 期刊论文 Sol-Gel法制备Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-ZrO2复合陶瓷膜的研究 - 中国陶瓷2003,39(6) 外文期刊 Synthesis of ZrO2-SiO2 mesocomposite with high ZrO2 content via a novel sol-gel method 2005,84(1/3) 外文期刊 Optical properties of sol-gel derived ZrO2-TiO2 composite films 2007,515(20/21) 期刊论文 溶胶-凝胶法制备定向排列的纳米结构二氧化锆薄膜 - 清华大学学报(自然科学版)2001,41(4_5) 外文期刊 Influence of La2O3 and ZrO2 as promoters on surface and catalytic properties of CuO/MgO system prepared by sol-gel method 2006,299(0) 外文期刊 Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol with ZrO2 and Mn/ZrO2 sol-gel materials 2006,37(3) 期刊论文 Sol-Gel法制备ZrO2粉的析晶机制 - 稀有金属材料与工程2005,34(z1) 外文会议 Preparation of ZrO2/nano-TiO2 composite powder by sol-gel method 2007 外文期刊 Phase evolution of sol-gel CaO-ZrO2 using sulfuric acid as hydrolysis catalyst 2006,37(3
在国内外学术期刊发表的主要论文如下:1. Nd-Fe-B (B≤50at.%)三元系相图的研究,《中国科学》A辑,, , 1985, . Phase Diagrams of Nd-Fe-B Ternary System, <
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论文中医药的网络推广(英文版本)。。 文件密码 RAR文件密码为:
Any survey of tax sources should begin with the nation’s fairest and most productive soure of revenue, the individual income tax. 任何税收来源的调查都应开始于国家最公正、生产性最强的国民收入来源--个人所得税. All advanced industrial countries levy a dircct tax on individual incomes, but nowhere is this tax as important as in the United States. In recent years,about 40 percent of federal cash receipts has been collected from this source. 所有先进的工业国家都对个人所得直接征税,但没有哪个国家在征此税时像美国一样重要。近年来,约40%的联邦现金收入都来源于此. The individual income tax is uniquely suited for raising revenue in a democratic country where the distribution of income, and therefore of ability to pay,is unequal. Theoreticians may disagree about the meaningfulness of the term “ability to pay,” but the close association between a man’s income and taxpaying ability is commonly accepted. There is also general acceptance of the idea of progression in income taxation. 个人所得税是非常适合民主国家增加国民收入的,在民主国家里收入分配和支付能力是不平等的. 理论家可能不赞成"支付能力"的长远意义,但个人收入和纳税能力间的密切关系却是普遍接受的. 级数所得税的观点也被普遍接受. The individual income tax has still another attractive feature. Income alone does not differentiate a man’s ability to pay—his family responsibilities are also important. A single person may be able to along on an income of $3000 a year, but a married man with two children would have great diffculty making ends meet. The individual income tax takes such differences into account through the personal exemptions and deductions, which are subtracted before arriving at the income subject to tax. 个人所得税还有另一个吸引人的特点. 收入不足以区分一个人的支付能力—他的家庭责任也是很重要的. 单身男士也许每年收入达3000美元, 但带着两个孩子的已婚男人要想收支相抵却很困难. 个人所得税通过个人豁免和扣除将这种差异解决了, 个人免税额在应纳税收之前就扣除了. The revenue potential of the individual income tax has been recognized only recently. For almost thirty years after its adoption in 1913, the tax applied mainly to a small group of high income people. Exemptions were high by current standards and few incomes were large enough rates. In the national effort to raise needed revenue during World War Ⅱ, exemptions were drastically were increased in 1946 and 1948,but have remained low by prewar standards. Tax rates were also raised in wartime, and have remained much higher than in earlier years. At the same time, personal incomes have continued to increase with the growth of the economy (and with the inflation that occurred during and after World WarⅡ and the Korean War). The combination of lower exemptions, higher rates, and higher incomes increased the yield of the individual income tax manyfold. In1939, tax liabilities were about $1 billion; in 1966, they are in excess of $50 billion. 个人所得税的收入潜力最近才得到公认. 在1913年实施后的30年里,个人所得税主要应用于一小部分高收入人士. 在现行标准下豁免是很高的,低收入者占很大的比率. 二战期间,国家努力增加收入,豁免急剧减少。1946年和1948年有所提高,但从战前的水准看,仍然很低。税率在战时也有人提出,但比起早些年仍高多了. 在此同时, 个人收入随经济增长继续增加,(也与其间和二战后的通货膨胀和朝鲜战争的因素) . 较低的豁免,高利率,高收入的结合成倍地增加了个人所得税. 1939年,纳税义务约为10亿美元; 但1966年,超过了500亿美元. This tremendous expansion could not have been possible without ready compliance with income tax laws and effective many countries where compliance is poor and administration is weak, there is great reluctance to rely heavily on the income tax. In this country, the record of compliance is good—although it can still be improved—and practical methods have been developed for administering a mass income tax (at a cost of only about 1/2 of 1 percent of tax collected). In the late 1930’s many people—even high-placed officials of the Internal Revenue Service—doubted that an income tax covering almost everyone could be administered effectively. Although some problems remain, in an advanced country the administrative feasibility of an individual income tax of almost universal coverage is no longer questioned. 没有所得税法律的遵守和有效的管理,这个巨大的扩张是不可能的。许多国家法律意识差,管理松散,过于依赖所得税就很困难. 在这个国家, 守法记录还好--虽然它仍可以得到改善--实用方法已制定用来管理大量所得税(按成本仅约为1%的税收额的1 / 2 ) . 在20世纪30年代后期,很多人甚至美国国内税局的高级官员都认为关系每个人的所得税应得到有效管理. 尽管一些问题依然存在, 在一个先进的国家个人所得税的几乎全面普及在行政上的可行性已不存在质疑. There are good economic reasons for using the income tax as a major source of revenue. The automatie flexibility of the income tax promotes economic stability and the progressive rates help prevent excessive concentration of economic power and control. Some believe that the income tax is also needed to moderate the growth of private savings of high income people, which is likely to hold down private demand for goods and believe that a high income tax impairs work and investment incentives and , therefore, reduces the nation’s economic growth. These are difficult questions which will be discussed later. Nonetheless, it is correct to say that the modern individual income tax. If carefully designed and well administered, is a powerful and essential economic instrument for a modern indusrtial econmy. 使用所得税作为财政收入主要来源有很好的经济原因. 该所得税的自动灵活性能促进经济稳定,累进税率有助于防止经济权力和控制过分集中. 有人认为所得税也需缓和高收入人群的私人储蓄增长, 这很可能压抑商品的服务的私人需求。有人认为高所得税降低工作和投资动力,因此,减少了国家的经济增长. 这些都是日后讨论的难题. 但是,现代的个人所得税是正确的. 如果经过精心设计和良好管理,是现代工业化经济的有力而必要的经济手段。 Structure of the Federal Income Tax 联邦所得税结构 The basic structure of the federal income tax is simple. The taxpayer adds up all his taxable sources of income, subtracts certain allowable deductions and exemptions for himself, his wife, children, and other dcpendents,and then applies the tax rates to the difference. But this procedure has many pitfalls for the taxpayer, and difficult questions of tax policy arise at almost every stage. Consequently, it is important to understand the main features of the income tax structure. 联邦所得税的基本结构是很简单的. 纳税人增添了他的一切应纳税收入,减去某些自己的、妻子的、孩子的和其他相关人的允许扣除和豁免权,然后适用税率差额. 但这种程序对纳税人也有很多陷阱,税收政策的难题几乎出现在每一阶段. 因此,了解所得税结构的主要特征是重要的. Adjusted Gross Income and Taxable Income调整过的总收入和应纳税收入 The two major concepts of income that appear on the tax return are: adjusted gross income and taxable income. 出现在纳税申报单上的两大收益好象是:调整过的总收入和应纳税收入. Adjusted gross income is the closest approach in tax law to what all economist might call “total income.” But it departs from an economic definition of income in some important respects. It represents the total income from all taxable sources, less certain expenses incurred in earning that income. In general, only money income is treated as taxable, but many items are excluded. Such exclusions include one-half of realized capital gains on assets held six months or more, interest on state and local government bonds,all transfer payments(for example,social security benefits and unemployment compensation), fringe benefits received by employees from their employers(the most important of these are contributions to pension plans), and income on savings through life insurance. The emphasis on money income automatically excludes unrealized capital gains and such imputed income as the rental value of owner-occupied homes. 在税法上调整的总收入是所有经济学家称之为"总收入"的最接近说法。 但是,在某些重要方面,它背离了收入的经济学定义. 它表示所有应纳税来源的总收入,较少的赚取收入中的确定开支. 一般说来,只有货币收入被视为应税的,但很多项目都被排除在外. 这种排除包括二分之一的持有六个月或以上的已实现资本收益,国家和当地政府公债的利息,所有的转移支付(例如,社会保障福利和失业补偿) , 雇员从其雇主那得到的附加福利(贡献中最重要的是为养老金计划) , 和加入了人寿保险的储蓄收入. 对货币收入的强调自动排除了未实现资本收益和这种像所有者租税价的推算收入. Adjusted gross income is used on the tax return in two ways. First, it is the income concept built into the simplified tax table, which is used for determining tax on more than 25 million returns. Second,it provedes the basis for placing limits on some of the personal deductions which are subrtacted in computing taxable income. 调整后的总收入用于纳税申报单有两种方式. 第一,它是收入概念建成的简易税表, 用于决定税收突破2500万美元的回报. 第二,它提供了限制某些个人扣除的基础,个人扣除在计算应纳税收入时已经减去了. Taxable income is computed by making two sets of deductions from adjusted gross income. The rirst are personal expenditures which are allowed as deductions by law—charitable contributions, interest paid,state-local income, general sales, property and gasoline taxes, medical and dental expenses above 3 percent of adjusted gross income, and casualty and theft losses above $100 for each lieu of these deductions, the taxpayer may use the standard deduction of 10 percent of adjusted gross income(with a minimum of $200 plus $100 for each exemption,and a maximum of $1000 for single persons and married persons filing joint returns and $500 for married couples filing separate returns). 应税收入是从调整过的总收入中制作两套扣除法计算而来的. 剩下的是法律允许扣除的个人支出--慈善捐款,所付利息,国有地方收入,一般销售 财产和汽油税, 高于调整后总收入3%的医疗及牙科服务费用, 伤亡和每次损失100美元以上的偷盗损失。代替上述扣减, 纳税人可使用10%调整后的总收入的标准扣除额 (最低200美元,加上每项豁免100美元,单身和夫妻联合备案的已婚人士每人最高1000美元,并返回500美元为已婚备案夫妻分开报税) . When the present standard deduction was first adopted in 1944, it was used by over 80 percent of the persons filing incomes have risen and deductible expenditures have increased,the percentage using the standard deduction has declined. In 1963, the standard deduction was still being used on million returns, or 56 percent of the million filed(Appendix Table C-6). But the amount of the standard deduction was small compared to home ownership, state-local taxes,and use of consumer credit, as well as the normal increase in expenditures that occurs as incomes rise. Total deductions reported on all 1963 returns amounted to $ billion; of this amount, $ billion were itemized deductions and $ billion were standard deduction. 现行标准扣除额首次在1944年应用时, 它被用于个人存档返还的80%以上.随着收入的增加和可扣除支出增加, 用于标准扣除额的比率也有所下降. 1963年标准扣除额仍被用于3580万的回报, 或6390万存档56% (附录表C 6 ) . 但征收的标准扣除额是比较小的,与国有、地方税,消费品信贷的使用, 以及随收入增加而不断增加的正常开支相比.1963年报告的总扣除额回到了592亿美元; 这一数额中, 有461亿美元详细说明了扣除项目,131亿美元为标准扣除额.
海洋生物来源药物先导化合物的研究进展【摘要】海洋生物中活性物质丰富,本篇文章对国内外近3年来从海洋生物中分离提取到的萜类化合物以及糖苷类化合物进行了归纳,并对其研究趋势进行了展望。这些新发现的萜类化合物广泛分布于海藻、珊瑚、海绵以及一些海洋真菌等海洋生物中,主要以单萜、倍半萜、二萜、三萜结构型式存在;而糖苷类化合物在海藻、海绵、海参、海星等海洋生物中发现大部分以糖苷脂、甾体糖苷、萜类糖苷型式存在。【关键词】海洋生物萜类化合物糖苷类生物活性【Abstract】.【Keywords】Marineorganism;terpenoid;glycoside;bioactivity海洋是生命之源,由于海洋环境的特殊性,具有高压、低营养、低温(特别是深海)、无光照以及局部高温、高盐等生命极限环境,海洋生物适应了海洋独特的生活环境,必然造就了海洋生物具有独特的代谢途径和遗传背景,必定也会有新的、在许多陆地生物中未曾发现过的新结构类型和特殊生物活性的化合物。萜类物质是一类天然的烃类物质,其分子中具有异戊二烯(C5H8)的基本单位。故凡由异戊二烯衍生的化合物,其分子式符合(C5H8)n通式的均称萜类化合物(terpenoids)或异戊二烯类化合物(isopenoids)。但有些情况下,在分子合成过程中由于正碳离子引起的甲基迁移或碳架重排以及烷基化、降解等原因,分子的某一片断会不完全遵照异戊二烯规律产生出一些变形碳架,它们仍属于萜类化合物。海洋生物中萜类化合物主要以单萜、倍半萜、二萜、二倍半萜为主,三萜和四萜种类和数量都较少,且大部分以糖苷形式存在。萜类化合物是海洋生物活性物质的重要组成部分,广泛分布于海藻、珊瑚、海绵、软体动物等海洋生物中,具有细胞毒性、抗肿瘤活性、杀菌止痛等活性作用。糖苷的分类有多种方法,按照在生物体内是原生的还是次生的可将其分为原生糖苷和次生糖苷(从原生糖苷中脱掉一个以上的苷称为次生苷或次级苷);按照糖苷中含有的单糖基的个数可将糖苷分为单糖苷、双糖苷、三糖苷等;按照糖苷的某些特殊化学性质或生理活性可将糖苷分为皂苷、强心苷等;按照苷元化学结构类型可分为黄酮糖苷、蒽醌糖苷、生物碱糖苷、三萜糖苷等,海洋类的糖苷大部分是按照此特点分类的,主要包括鞘脂类糖苷、甾体糖苷、萜类糖苷和大环内酯糖苷等,在很多海洋生物如海藻、珊瑚、海参、海绵等中均发现有糖苷类化合物存在。已有的研究表明海洋糖苷类成分大都具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗炎、抗菌、增强免疫力等生物活性。抗白血病和艾氏癌药物阿糖胞苷Ara-C(D-arabinosylcytosine)1、抗病毒药物的Ara-A2以及Ara-C的N4-C16-19饱和脂肪酰基化衍生物3是海洋糖苷类药物成功开发的典范〔1〕。本篇文章对国内外自2005年来从海洋生物中分离提取到的萜类化合物以及糖苷类化合物进行了总结。1萜类化合物单萜2005年等人〔2〕对从红藻Plo