社会热点的两种写作模式 一种以社会热点引出的问题开头,着重于现象背后的缘由以及其解决方案。另一种以分析可争议问题的两面性为主。 Hot Issue型 (1)模板一 With the development of modern industry, more and more people are concerned about the problem that ______________ (主题问题) Accordingly, _______________________________ (伴随主题问题出现的新问题) is becoming more and more serious。 Confronted with ___________________________ (主题问题), we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the For one thing, _________________________ (解决方法1) For another, _________________________________ (解决方法2) Finally, _________________________________ (解决方法3)。 As far as I am concerned, the best way out is ________________________ (解决方法3) Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because ____________________ (解决方法3的优点和好处)。 (2)模板二 With the development of the society, with the advent of _____________ (相关事物或现象), we have to face a problem that ______________________ (主题问题)。 What are the reasons for it? In the following paragraphs, I’ll venture to explore the To start with, _____________________ (阐述原因1) Moreover, __________________ (阐述原因2) In addition, _______________________ (阐述原因3)。 In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be For one thing, it is high time that people all over China realized the importance of __________________ (解决主题问题) For another, the government should issue strict laws and regulations in order to put the situation under control。 利弊型 (1)模板一 Nowadays many people prefer __________ (主题) because it plays a significant role in our daily Generally, its advantages can be seen as On the one hand, ________________ (主题的优点1) On the other hand, ___________________ (主题的优点2)。 But everything can be divided into The negative aspects are also One of the important disadvantages is that ___________________ (主题的缺点1) To make matters worse, __________________________ (主题的缺点2)。 Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, ________ (主题) itself is neither good nor It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society。 (2)模板二 With the development of science and human civilization, many formerly unimaginable things come into Some of them have positive effects on our life, but some are The phenomenon of ________ (主题现象) is an example of the former / latter one。 There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous To start with, __________________ (原因1) Furthermore, ______________________ (原因2) Eventually, __________________________ (原因3)。 Good as ____________ (主题现象) is, it has, unfortunately, its The apparent example is that ___________ (缺点例子1) In addition, ___________ (缺点例子2)。 On the whole, the phenomenon is one of the results of the progress of the modern There is still a long way for us to improve / eliminate __________ (主题现象) and make our life more comfortable。
对比观点题型 (1) 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。 1. 有一些人认为…… 2. 另一些人认为…… 3. 我的看法…… The topic of ①------------(主题)is becoming more and more popular There are two sides of opinions of Some people say A is their They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------(理由二) Moreover, ④---------------(理由三) While others think that B is a better choice in the following three Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一) Secondly (besides),⑥------------------(理由二) Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三) From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------(我的观点) The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因) As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my For me, the former is surely a wise choice (2) 给出一个观点,要求考生反对这一观点 Some people believe that ①----------------(观点一) For example, they think ②-----------------(举例说明).And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处) In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一) For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二). Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法). 阐述主题题型 要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述. 1. 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义. 2. 分析并举例使其更充实. The good old proverb ----------------(名言或谚语)reminds us that ----------------(释义) Indeed, we can learn many things form First of all,-----------------(理由一) For example, -------------------(举例说明) Secondly,----------------(理由二) Another case is that ---------------(举例说明) Furthermore , ------------------(理由三). In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点) In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it 解决方法题型 要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径 1. 问题现状 2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点) In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状) Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一) For another -------------(解决方法二) Finally, --------------(解决方法三) Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法) Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处) 说明利弊题型 这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测) 1. 说明事物现状 2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面) 3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法 Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily Generally, its advantages can be seen as First ----------------(A的优点之一) Besides -------------------(A的优点之二) But every coin has two The negative aspects are also One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点). Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法). (From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测).) 议论文的框架 (1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 ) There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____ But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to A majority of people think that _ 观点一________ In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____ So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____ People, however, differ in their opinions on this Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______ In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______ On the other hand, ____原因二_____ Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______ As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______ It is not only because ________, but also because _________ The more _______, the more ________ (2)利弊型的议论文 Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______ In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____ Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as Firstly, ___优点一______ And secondly ___优点二_____ Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative To begin with, ___缺点一______ In addition, ____缺点二______ To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___ ( 3 ) 答题性议论文 Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ It is really an important concern to every one of As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this First of all, __途径一______ In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____ Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____ ( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文 It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our It means ____谚语的含义_______ The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as ( also theoretically ) A case in point is ___例子一______ Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____ With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____ The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and 图表作文的框架 as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____ From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________ There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______ On the one hand, ________ On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________ In addition, ________ is responsible for _______ Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________ But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______ I am sure my opinion is both sound and well- 实用性写作(申请信) Your address Month, Date, year Receiver's address Dear , I am extremely pleased to hear from / to see your advertisement for the position in And I would like to write a letter to tell you / I am confident that I am suitable for the kind of the job you are / I feel I am competent to meet the requirements you have On the one hand, On the other hand, I am enclosing my resume for your kind consideration and I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest Best regards for your health and Sincerely yours, X X X 英语作文模板:现象说明文 Recently ____,what amazes us most is_______,it is ture that__________ There are many reasons explaining____The main reason is_____What is more________________Thirdly______________As a result_______________ Considering all there,____________For one thing_______,for another________ ____In Conclusion____________________嗯,差不多还算全。加油噢。
Dear Editors:We would like to submit the enclosed manuscript entitled “Paper Title”, whichwe wish to be considered for publication in “Journal Name” No conflict ofinterest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approvedby all authors for I would like to declare on behalf of myco-authors that the work described was original research that has not beenpublished previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, inwhole or in All the authors listed have approved the manuscript that In this work, we evaluated …… (简要介绍一下论文的创新性) I hope this paper issuitable for “Journal Name”The following is a list of possible reviewers for your consideration:1) Name A E-mail: ××××@××××2) Name B E-mail: ××××@××××We deeply appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forwardto receiving comments from the If you have any queries, please don’thesitate to contact me at the address Thank you and best Yours sincerely,××××××Corresponding author: Name: ×××E-mail: ××××@××××参考:查尔斯沃思论文润色小贴士
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首先我们来了解一下英语论文投稿信的内容: 投稿信是作者和编辑就文章内容沟通的好机会,因此应该避免形式和过场,为应付和合规而撰写投稿信。 如果不能更用心,至少应该像撰写论文内容一样用心。因为,投稿信会影响到期刊编辑能否将你的稿件送出进行同行评议。 那么投稿信都应该包含哪些内容呢? 1、介绍自己的基本情况 2、你的稿件为什么非常适合刊发于该目标期刊; 3、强调稿件中最重要的研究成果和发现; 4、说明你的稿件中不存在抄袭、二次发表、一稿多投等违反科研诚信的内容; 5、多作者情况需与编辑确认所有作者均同意投稿 6、希望对方对稿件提出宝贵意见等; 7、客套、祝福话语等 当然,如果论文质量过硬,被送外审的可能性依旧非常大,但是投稿信可以说是编辑在看到你论文前对你形成的第一印象,那么为什么不给编辑留下个好印象呢? 接着我们了解一下投稿信结构: 撰写投稿信类似于写标准的商业信函。正式称呼编辑的姓名(如果您知道编辑的名字)。同时也给出您的联系信息。目标期刊的在线提交系统中,可能会有您的联系信息,但是在投稿信中给出联系信息也很必要。 投稿信的起始段,应当说明稿件题目及作者姓名。您也可说明所提交稿件的类型(研究论文、综述、个例研究等)。在此第一段中及接下来的段落,说明您研究的基本原理及主要成果。如果您之前发表过的文章与本稿件直接相关,可以提及该文章。 然后,用一个短段落来解释您的稿件为什么非常适合该目标期刊。切忌笼统地说,自己的稿件“是对该领域有意义的”或“新颖的”。应强调该目标期刊的宗旨和范围声明中的具体方面。 如果目标期刊表示对临床应用研究感兴趣,则必须强调自己的文章在临床意义方面的重要性。如果目标期刊提到其专注于纳米结构材料,那么您应当说明自己的文章如何与此类材料相关。 即使您的文章并非绝对适合此目标期刊,也要确保提及宗旨和范围声明中的某些内容,并解释清楚您的文稿为何会让该期刊的读者感兴趣。 最后,用简短段落结束投稿信,其中应包括下列各点: 1、稿件的原创性(例如,您亲自撰写,没有抄袭) 2、稿件中不含已被发表过的任何内容,您也没有将任何部分同时投递给任何其他期刊 3、没有需要披露的利益冲突 4、列出可能的审稿人(仅在该期刊有要求的情况下提供) 5、提出不应审阅您稿件的任何研究人员投稿信模板 所有信息结合起来,投稿信应当让编辑确信,您的稿件值得考虑在其期刊上发表,而且您对其期刊特别感兴趣。 最后再来了解一下其他注意事项: 1、投稿信的用语,可以比摘要或引言更文辞华丽、给人更深刻的印象,来更好地抓住编辑的注意力; 2、利用投稿信强调您文稿的亮点,并说明此文为什么会激发该期刊读者的兴趣; 3、切勿在投稿信中谈论有关您竞争对手的负面信息,或提到任何研究人员派系关系问题。应当专注于您文章的优势,以及其会吸引读者阅读的原因; 4、投稿信可能带来不同结果,可能是一开始就被退稿,也可能是稿件被发出进行同行评议。花些时间撰写投稿信,并在发出前让同事帮助校对检查。请记住,目标期刊名称和任何物种名称,应使用斜体字; 5、还应留意某些可能的错误,包括无关资料(比如引用某些您先前进行的与现在文稿不相关的研究)、干扰性细节(比如列出样本大小和 p 值)及信息重复等。 (以上内容来源于学术堂)
Dear Editors:We would like to submit the enclosed manuscript entitled “Paper Title”, whichwe wish to be considered for publication in “Journal Name” No conflict ofinterest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approvedby all authors for I would like to declare on behalf of myco-authors that the work described was original research that has not beenpublished previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, inwhole or in All the authors listed have approved the manuscript that In this work, we evaluated …… (简要介绍一下论文的创新性) I hope this paper issuitable for “Journal Name”The following is a list of possible reviewers for your consideration:1) Name A E-mail: ××××@××××2) Name B E-mail: ××××@××××We deeply appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forwardto receiving comments from the If you have any queries, please don’thesitate to contact me at the address Thank you and best Yours sincerely,××××××Corresponding author: Name: ×××E-mail: ××××@××××参考:查尔斯沃思论文润色小贴士
一,英语作文书信格式:1,最上面顶格写你要把信写给谁。2,第二段写你要对这个朋友要说的话。3,写完后最后的一行写上你自己的名字。二,范文:Dear Mike,I am glad to introduce my family to My family is a warm and happy There are 5 people in my family, my grandpa, my grandma, my father, my motherand I My grandparents are both teachers, they are still teaching in a Grandpa is for maths, and Grandma is for English, sometimes their students cometo our home to send their greetings to My father is working in an American factory,he is very Every evening he is doing his work in the At weekend he alwaysgoes to factory for his My mother is a Her hospital is near my I am a student in Junior high I hope you will introduce your family to meyourssincerelyTom
Dear Editors:We would like to submit the enclosed manuscript entitled “Paper Title”, whichwe wish to be considered for publication in “Journal Name” No conflict ofinterest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approvedby all authors for I would like to declare on behalf of myco-authors that the work described was original research that has not beenpublished previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, inwhole or in All the authors listed have approved the manuscript that In this work, we evaluated …… (简要介绍一下论文的创新性) I hope this paper issuitable for “Journal Name”The following is a list of possible reviewers for your consideration:1) Name A E-mail: ××××@××××2) Name B E-mail: ××××@××××We deeply appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forwardto receiving comments from the If you have any queries, please don’thesitate to contact me at the address Thank you and best Yours sincerely,××××××Corresponding author: Name: ×××E-mail: ××××@××××参考:查尔斯沃思论文润色小贴士
一,英语作文书信格式:1,最上面顶格写你要把信写给谁。2,第二段写你要对这个朋友要说的话。3,写完后最后的一行写上你自己的名字。二,范文:Dear Mike,I am glad to introduce my family to My family is a warm and happy There are 5 people in my family, my grandpa, my grandma, my father, my motherand I My grandparents are both teachers, they are still teaching in a Grandpa is for maths, and Grandma is for English, sometimes their students cometo our home to send their greetings to My father is working in an American factory,he is very Every evening he is doing his work in the At weekend he alwaysgoes to factory for his My mother is a Her hospital is near my I am a student in Junior high I hope you will introduce your family to meyourssincerelyTom拓展资料:英语写作文的注意事项:避免使用汉语式英语。避免使用汉语式英语。时态、语态要准确无误。主谓语要一致。主谓语要完整。注意冠词用法、名词单复数、标点符号和大小写等。注意语序 (感叹句,疑问句,宾语从句。书写规范, 卷面整洁,以避免不必要的失分。
英文书信的格式:1、信头(Heading):指发信人的姓名(单位名称)、地址和日期,一般写在信纸的右上角。一般公函或商业信函的信纸上都印有单位或公司的名称、地址、电话号码等,因此就只需在信头下面的右边写上写信日期就可以了。 英文地址的写法与中文完全不同,地址的名称按从小到大的顺序:第一行写门牌号码和街名,第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名,然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用,但在每一行的之间,该用的还要用,例如在写日期的时候。2、日期的写法:如:1997年7月30日,英文为:July 30,1997(最为普遍), July 30th,1997,30th July,1997等。1997不可写成97。3、信内地址(Inside Address):在一般的社交信中,信内收信人的地址通常省略,但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上,要求与对信头的要求一样,不必再写日期。4、称呼(Salutation):是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的复数形式。写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear P Tim Scales, Dear D John Smith。5、正文(Body of the Letter):位置在下面称呼语隔一行,是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是,正文中一般不用Hello!(你好!)正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些,通常以五个字母为宜,每段第二行从左面顶格写起,这就是缩进式。但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式,用齐头式,即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。6、结束语(Complimentary Close):在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。写给家人、亲戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等。写给熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等。写业务信函用Truly yours(Yours truly),Faithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等。对上级、长辈用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。7、 签名(Signature):低于结束语一至二行,从信纸中间偏右的地方开始,在结束语的正下方,在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字,以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然,写给亲朋好友的信,就不必再打了。8、附言(Postscript):一封信写完了,突然又想起遗漏的事情,这时用PS表示,再写上遗漏的话即可,要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方,应于正文齐头。注意:在正式的信函中,应避免使用附言。
开头:How is it going? 最近怎么样?I am glad to receive your 很高兴收到你的来信。You asked me about(+problem question 等),now let me give you some 你在来信中询问我,现在,让我给你一些建议。It has been a long time since we 我们很久没见面了结尾:I am looking forward to receiving your 我期待着你的来信。Thank you in 提前谢谢你。Please wirte to me as soon as 请尽快回信Good luck |Best 祝你好运这些都是我们平常背的,希望有帮助。
In recent years ,with the developement of the 万能连接词:first of allfrom my point of besides all in in aii owning to
To begain /To be blunt/Bluntly speaking /NowadaysHowever, moreoverLast but not least/In the final analysis/According to the above-mentioned , i
一,英语作文书信格式:1,最上面顶格写你要把信写给谁。2,第二段写你要对这个朋友要说的话。3,写完后最后的一行写上你自己的名字。二,范文:Dear Mike,I am glad to introduce my family to My family is a warm and happy There are 5 people in my family, my grandpa, my grandma, my father, my motherand I My grandparents are both teachers, they are still teaching in a Grandpa is for maths, and Grandma is for English, sometimes their students cometo our home to send their greetings to My father is working in an American factory,he is very Every evening he is doing his work in the At weekend he alwaysgoes to factory for his My mother is a Her hospital is near my I am a student in Junior high I hope you will introduce your family to meyourssincerelyTom
i am so happy to hear from i expect to hear from you next time!about your confusion, i might offer some suggestions for what really matters is that you've got to trust yourself and be confident with yourself!your friend Terry is always with you, blessing you forever! Good luck!具体的范文模板链接:-S6W3ZlmR0wOwxsw?pwd=kspk 提取码: kspk
Dear Editors:We would like to submit the enclosed manuscript entitled “Paper Title”, whichwe wish to be considered for publication in “Journal Name” No conflict ofinterest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approvedby all authors for I would like to declare on behalf of myco-authors that the work described was original research that has not beenpublished previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, inwhole or in All the authors listed have approved the manuscript that In this work, we evaluated …… (简要介绍一下论文的创新性) I hope this paper issuitable for “Journal Name”The following is a list of possible reviewers for your consideration:1) Name A E-mail: ××××@××××2) Name B E-mail: ××××@××××We deeply appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forwardto receiving comments from the If you have any queries, please don’thesitate to contact me at the address Thank you and best Yours sincerely,××××××Corresponding author: Name: ×××E-mail: ××××@××××参考:查尔斯沃思论文润色小贴士
英文书信的格式:1、信头(Heading):指发信人的姓名(单位名称)、地址和日期,一般写在信纸的右上角。一般公函或商业信函的信纸上都印有单位或公司的名称、地址、电话号码等,因此就只需在信头下面的右边写上写信日期就可以了。 英文地址的写法与中文完全不同,地址的名称按从小到大的顺序:第一行写门牌号码和街名,第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名,然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用,但在每一行的之间,该用的还要用,例如在写日期的时候。2、日期的写法:如:1997年7月30日,英文为:July 30,1997(最为普遍), July 30th,1997,30th July,1997等。1997不可写成97。3、信内地址(Inside Address):在一般的社交信中,信内收信人的地址通常省略,但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上,要求与对信头的要求一样,不必再写日期。4、称呼(Salutation):是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的地方,从该行的顶格写起,在称呼后面一般用逗号(英国式),也可以用冒号(美国式)。写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时,用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名(这里指名字,不是姓氏)。例如:My dear father,Dear Tom等。写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam,Dear Sir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意:Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现,前不加Dear,是Dear Sir的复数形式。写给收信人的信,也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如:Dear P Tim Scales, Dear D John Smith。5、正文(Body of the Letter):位置在下面称呼语隔一行,是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是,正文中一般不用Hello!(你好!)正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些,通常以五个字母为宜,每段第二行从左面顶格写起,这就是缩进式。但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式,用齐头式,即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。6、结束语(Complimentary Close):在正文下面的一、二行处,从信纸的中间偏右处开始,第一个词开头要大写,句末用逗号。不同的对象,结束语的写法也不同。写给家人、亲戚,用Your loving grandfather,Lovingly yours,Lovingly等。写给熟人、朋友,用Yours cordially,Yours affectionately等。写业务信函用Truly yours(Yours truly),Faithfully yours(Yours faithfully)等。对上级、长辈用Yours obediently(Obediently yours),Yours respectfully(Respectfully yours)等。7、 签名(Signature):低于结束语一至二行,从信纸中间偏右的地方开始,在结束语的正下方,在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字,以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然,写给亲朋好友的信,就不必再打了。8、附言(Postscript):一封信写完了,突然又想起遗漏的事情,这时用PS表示,再写上遗漏的话即可,要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方,应于正文齐头。注意:在正式的信函中,应避免使用附言。