英文会议论文参考文献格式
相信大家都接触过作文吧，尤其是在作文中有重要意义的议论文，议论文三要素是论点、论据、论证。我们该怎么去写这类型的作文呢？下面是我为大家整理的英文会议论文参考文献格式，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
1.会议论文
Traugott, E. C. Promise and pray-parentheticals[R]. Paper presented at the Eleventh International Conference on English Historical Linguistics, Santiagov de Compostela, Spain, September 2000.
崔希亮. 事件情态和汉语的表态系统[R]. 第十二次现代汉语语法学术讨论会论文，湖南长沙，2002年4月.
2.论文集论文
Bybee, J. The Grammaticization of Zero: Asymmetries in Tense and Aspect Systems [A]. In W. Pagliuca (ed.). Perspectives on Grammaticalization[C]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 1994: 235-254.
文秋芳. 英语学习者动机、观念、策略的变化规律与特点[A]. 文秋芳, 王立非.英语学习策略实证研究[C]. 西安：陕西师范大学出版社, 2003: 255-259.
3.网上文献
王岳川. 当代传媒中的网络文化与电视批评[OL].
, 2004.(2005年11月18日读取)
4.专著
Bloomfield, L. Language [M]. New York: Hol, 1933.
吕叔湘, 朱德熙. 语法修辞讲话[M]. 北京：中国青年出版社, 1952.
刘国钧，陈绍业，王凤翥. 图书馆目录[M]. 北京：高等教育出版社，.
5.译著
Saussure. F. de. Course in General Linguistics[M]. ed. C. Bally & A. Sechehaye. trans. R. Harris. London: Duckworth, 1983.
赵元任， 中国话的文法 (A Grammar of Spoken Chinese)[M]. 丁邦新译. 香港：香港中文大学出版社, 1968/1980.
6.编著/论文集
Giacalone, A. & P. J. Hopper (eds.). The Limits of Grammaticalization[C]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1998.
北京语言学院语言教学研究所(编). 现代汉语补语研究资料[C]. 北京：北京语言学院出版社, 1992，
7.学位论文
Tabor, W. Syntactic Innovation: A Connectionist Model [D]. Dissertation. Stanford: Stanford University, 1994.
祖生利. 元代白话碑文研究[D]. 北京：中国社会科学院, 2000.
8.期刊论文
Bolinger, D. The Atomization of Word Meaning[J]. Language, 1965 (4): 555-573.
朱永生. 名词化、动词化与语法隐喻[J]. 外语教学与研究, 2006(2)：83-90.
何龄修. 读顾城《南明史》[J]. 中国史研究，1998 (3)：167-173.
9.词典
Hornby, A. S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English (6th edition) [Z], ed. Sally Wehmeier. Oxford: OUP, 2000.
中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室(编). 现代汉语词典(The Contemporary Chinese Dictionary)(汉英双语)[Z]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社, 2002.
10.报刊文章
田志凌. 魔戒的.尴尬与文学翻译的危机[N]. 南方都市报，2005-8-24(8).
注: 先英文后中文，以字母顺序排列。英文部分Times New Roman，小四;汉语部分:宋体 小四号;均倍行距，两行及以上悬垂缩进3个字符。参考文献要与文中夹注项对应。
拓展阅读
什么是参考文献
按照字面的意思，参考文献是文章或著作等写作过程中参考过的文献。然而，按照GB/T 7714-2015《信息与文献 参考文献著录规则》”的定义，文后参考文献是指：“为撰写或编辑论文和著作而引用的有关文献信息资源。根据《中国学术期刊（光盘版）检索与评价数据规范（试行）》和《中国高等学校社会科学学报编排规范（修订版）》的要求，很多刊物对参考文献和注释作出区分，将注释规定为“对正文中某一内容作进一步解释或补充说明的文字”，列于文末并与参考文献分列或置于当页脚地。
英文论文摘要模板
英文论文摘要怎么写，你会写了吗?下面是我为大家收集的关于英文论文摘要模板，希望能够帮到大家!
ABSTRACT
As an important part of Chinese academic journals, sci-tech periodicalshave great significance to the spread of knowledge of science and to thedevelopment of technology. The level of internationalization of a sci-tec journalrepresents its recognition degree in the field of international publishing,besides, it is also a key criteria of the success for launching the journals. Thereare the largest number of sci-tech periodicals launched in Beijing, which leadsto a central role that taken by this area. Therefore, result from the researchwhich focus in Beijing can, to a certain extent, reflect the international level ofChinese sci-tech periodicals.
This paper is divided into six chapters: Chapter one is a brief review of theacademic theories and description about the practice status and the currentsystem of Chinese sci-tech periodicals. Also, it summarizes the stages andcharacteristics of the development of sci-tech periodicals in Beijing. In chaptertwo, it provides the historical foundation, system condition and thedevelopment of digital technology for the following analysis. Chapter three, tofive respectively elaborates the current situation of the development of sci-techperiodicals in Beijing area by 3 aspects: content innovation, business strategyand media. In chapter six, it concluded the problems that China's sci-techperiodicals are facing during the globalization and then provides possiblecountermeasures based on the analysis in previous chapters.
Key Words: Beijing; sci-tech periodicals; internationalization; impact factor
Abstract
Within the framework of feminism and archetypal criticism, this thesis, by taking ThePassion of New Eve as its discourse, analyzes and discusses Angela Carter's application ofdemythologizing as a feminist strategy. By rewriting and subverting those female archetypes,Carter aims to break the fetters and shackles of patriarchy, exploring the way to women'sliberation as well as the reconciliation between two genders.
Believing that human society has been established on patriarchy, feminists endeavor tochange women's subordinate status and achieve gender equality. Archetypal criticism, as oneof the most influential branches in literary criticism,regards myth as the origin of literature.
Myths,especially the Bible,cover all the forms and motifs known as archetypes in literature.
As a devoted pioneer and advocator of feminism, Carter realizes that those female archetypesare usually stereotyped and dogmatic, which is actually invented by patriarchy for theoppression and exploitation of women.
Based on intensive reading and exhaustive textual analysis, this thesis illustrates Carter'sdemythologizing of three female archetypes in The Passion of New Eve, which are“Temptress,,,”Mother Goddesses“ and ”Eve“ respectively. Firstly, the sufferings that Leilahencounter in the novel reveal that ”Temptresses“ are in fact victims of patriarchy instead oforigins of disloyalty and disasters. While seen by men as objects of their sexual desires, theyalso risk self-objectification, which results in the deprivation of subjectivity as independenthuman beings. Secondly, ”Mother“ in Beulah is just an artificial myth,汪 consolatory toolfabricated by patriarchy, behind the glorification of which are patriarchal values and codes.
Thirdly, the transformative journey Eve experienced from a chauvinist to a real womandemonstrates that femininity, rather than an inherent quality, is the result of social influenceand persistent imitations.
Through the demythologizing of those female archetypes, Carter overthrows thepatriarchal hegemony as well as Utopian matriarchal dreams,offering androgyny as a potentialsolution to the current sexual conflicts. In her opinion, the real reconciliation between twogenders should be based on mutual respect and understanding, which is confirmed by theunion between the new Eve and Tristessa in The Passion of New Eve.
Keywords: female archetype; demythologizing; Angela Carter; The Passion of New Eve
Abstract
In recent years, with the development of the financial sector, more and morepeople pay attention to the financial information search. However, the traditionalkeyword search method could hardly meet the needs of financial users. Therefore,semantic search products have gained more popularity. However, the semanticparsing process is complex and diverse. During the process of the analysis oflarge-scale real text, the sentence analysis which based on word granularity is verydifficult, but after chunk analysis, the accuracy can be significantly improved andthe complexity can be clearly reduced. At present, the user input method is almostthe Pinyin input method, thus it could probably happen that the input phonetic lettersare correct, while the Chinese character is wrong. In order to achieve the purpose ofimproving the user experience, the Pinyin text proofreading appears.
The content of this paper is a pretreatment subsystem of the finance Q & Asystem, and it contains two functions, Pinyin text proofreading and chunk partition.
Text proofreading is based on Pinyin, in the first place, putting the query sequenceinto phonetic sequence. Then it uses the multiple grammars, three grammars and twogrammars to fill the Chinese characters sequence. And if there is no ambiguity whenfilling, then it uses the text proofreading, otherwise, ignores the text proofreading.
For the chunk partition, this paper uses three different methods: the method ofthe shortest path chunk partition, the method of CRF chunk partition and the methodof neural network chunk partition. The subsystem designed and implemented thethree methods. The shortest path chunk partition is similar to the dictionary wordsegmentation method. CRF chunk partition divided the problem into the annotationproblem, through getting the optimal sequence labels, to reach the purpose of chunkpartition. Chunk neural network chunk partition is based on word segmentation,changing the query sequence into a sequence of nodes. If the sequence of possibilityimproved after adding chunk tag on each node sequence, the tag position is a chunkposition.
In practical test, the shortest path chunk partition based on the dictionary,cannot process the query which is not in the dictionary of chunk. CRF chunkpartition can solve the unknown chunk query, but the mark information is too simplewhen the training corpus increased,and the error percentage of results increasedsignificantly. When using neural networks in chunk partition, the predicted timeincreases significantly, however, the query generalization is a good idea. Throughthe above research, a reasonable way to chunk partition is the CRF method, whichproperly uses the query generalization.
Finally after testing, the pretreatment subsystem has not only met the needs ofthe finance Q & A system, largely improving the financial Q & A system userexperience, but also reduces the analytical complexity, significantly improved thecorrectness and performance.
Keywords: Pretreatment system question analysis, chunk, text proofreading, CRF,neural network
毕业论文评阅意见The graduation thesis review comments毕业论文评阅意见The graduation thesis review comments
我交钱通过EI会议论文中心(南京)发表了一篇论文，现在拿到出版物了。但是这个出版物的质量看起来就很糟糕，我在EI库里查了，没有一篇论文是出自我拿到的这个期刊的(包括它去年前年的所有的卷号本)。希望能联合起来进行维权!
首先第一行最大字体的是论文标题，接着下面的是作者姓名和作者单位，每位作者要对应起来，一般IEEE的论文模板，要求作者信息只需要：姓名和单位即可（英文版的），其余信息不需要。不过你这个模板感觉已经不是IEEE最新的模板了，建议你最好去IEEE官网上看看最新的，如果英语不好的朋友，你也可以百度搜：EI学术会议中心，有常见几个知名出版社的论文模板格式和一些EI学术知识点学习资料等。
国际会议里的论文属于论文集，格式如下
[序号]析出文献主要责任者.析出文献题名[A].原文献主要责任者（可选）.原文献题名[C].出版地：出版者，出版年.起止页码。
如：[7]钟文发.非线性规划在可燃毒物配置中的应用[A].赵炜.运筹学的理论与应用——中国运筹学会第五届大会论文集[C].西安：西安电子科技大学出版社，。
文献标注电子文献
[文献类型/载体类型标识]：[J/OL]网上期刊、[EB/OL]网上电子公告、
[M/CD]光盘图书、[DB/OL]网上数据库、[DB/MT]磁带数据库
[序号]主要责任者.电子文献题名[电子文献及载体类型标识].电子文献的出版或获得地址，发表更新日期/引用日期
[12]王明亮.关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL].
[8]万锦.中国大学学报文摘（1983-1993）.英文版[DB/CD].北京：中国大百科全书出版社，1996.
参考资料来源：百度百科-参考文献
EI会议论文没有标准的模板格式，一般你投哪个会议，会议本身会给你一个模板，你只需要按照文章模板调整好即可。不过前期投稿模板格式不用太在意，关键是文章质量要高，这个才是核心。如果找不到合适的国际EI会议，可度娘下：EI会议中心，倒是有不少最新的会议信息提供
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，通过摆事实，讲道理，直接表达作者的观点和主张的常用文体。接下来给大家分享英语议论文模板及范文，供参考。
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive
aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To
begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same
time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
Shall we send children to study abroad?
With more and more people becoming rich in recent years, it is a new tendency for them to send their children to study abroad. But I don’t think it is a good idea. First of all, children are too young to look after themselves. Second, the language barrier is a serious problem. Many children are not proficient in the foreign language before going abroad. As a result, they have difficulty in understanding what the native speakers are talking about. Third, they may get into trouble when dealing with various situations for lack of knowledge of the customs in the strange land. Furthermore, the cost of living is much higher than that in our country, which might cause a heavy burden to the family. #p#分页标题#e#
In conclusion, there are more disadvantages in sending children to study abroad. So, we’d better not do it.
一.用于作文开头的万能模板1、Many people insist that。
很多人（坚持）认为……这句话乍看没亮点，但将众人皆知的"think"换为"insist"有没有觉得高大上了许多？2、With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that。随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为……3、A lot of people seem to think that。
很多人似乎认为……二.引出不同观点的万能模板1、People's views on。 vary from person to person. Some hold that。
. However, others believe that。.人们对……的观点因人而异。
有些人认为。..然而其他人却认为……看这个长度就已然鹤立鸡群。
其实，也是一个蛮简单也好记的模板。2、Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。
乍一看，跟上句的开头神似，其实就是省略掉了"people's"，不仅清爽而且好像高端了一些。3、People may have different opinions on。
人们对……可能会有不同的见解。又是一个婉转的句子，展示其客观性。
4、There are different opinions among people as to。关于……人们的观点大不相同。
"different"虽拉低了水准，但"as to"又拯救了回来。5、Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure).对（失败）人们的态度各不相同。
这句话貌似亮点不多，顶多一个"hold"，但也是安全牌，容易理解。三.得出最终结论的万能模板1、Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally e to the conclusion that。
把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论……很完全的答法，"take sth into consideration"短语的应用，加分。2、Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably e to the conclusion that。
考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论……"Take into account sth"短语似乎又比上句的"take sth into consideration"提升了一个层次。3、Hence/Therefore, we'd better e to the conclusion that。
因此，自然我们得出以下结论。
"Hence"一词用在文章中大气吧，但别平时口语中用，否则即使老外也用一种看老古董的眼神看你。
再特意提一句："we'd better"在这里不是“不得不”或“最好”的意思，而是一种自然而然，水到渠成的得出结论。4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。
短语"there is no doubt that"上线，同时运用我们的老朋友"as well as"增加看点。5、All in all, we cannot live without。
But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之，我们没有……是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。
这句话一般用于作文结尾，属万能句式，句式较为简单，方便操作。四.提出最终建议的万能模板1、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
"It is high time" 打头，为该句增色。注：that 后跟虚拟语气，后跟动词的一般过去式，表示“是某人做。
的时候了”或者“是某人不做。
的时候了”2、It is time to take the advice of 。
and to put special emphasis on the improvement of 。该是采纳……的建议，并对……的进展给予非常重视的时候了。
去掉一个"high"，画风完全不一样，不用过去式，只需用"to do"来替代。3、There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of 。
毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。"there is no doubt that"+被动还是蛮经典的组合。
4、Obviously,。. If we want to do something。
, it is essential that。显然，如果我们想做某事，我们需要……这句有些老生常谈，稍微不“常”的就是"essential" 替代了"important"。
5、Only in this way can we。 只有这样，我们才能。
Only+倒装，经典万能句式，还能看出点水平呢。6、It must be realized that。
我们必须意识到。把人人都会的"I realized"升格为被动语态，省略了主语，监考老师绝对会眼前一亮的！五.英语四级作文预示后果万能模板1、Obviously, if we don't control the problem, the chances are that。
will lead us in danger.很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险。"the chances are that"替代了"may"，果然说话拐弯的生物不止是中国人。
2、No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that。毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则很可能会……作文结尾万用句，毫无破绽。
3、It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。"It is urgent that"+被动，效果不错滴。
一、英语书信的常见写作模板 开头部分：How nice to hear fromyou me tell yousomething about the 'm glad to havereceived your letter of Apr. 'm pleased to hearthat you're ing to China for a 'm writing to thankyou for your help during my stay in America. 结尾部分：With best 'm looking forward to 'd appreciate it if you couldreply earlier. 二、口头通知常见写作模板 呼语及开场白部分：Ladies and gentlemen, May I haveyour attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 正文部分：All the teachers and students arerequired to attend take your notebooks andmake listen carefully and we'llhave a discussion in e on time and don't belate. 结束语部分：Please e and join in is wele to hope you'll have a nice 's all. Thank you. 三、议论文模板1.正反观点式议论文模板 导入： 第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether weshould。
（导入话题）Our opinions are divided on thistopic.（观点有分歧） 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方观点）Here are the reasons. First。Second。
Finally。（列出2~3个赞成的理由） 第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. （反方观点）Their reasons are as follows. Inthe first place。
What's more。 In addition。
（列出2~3个反对的理由） 结论： 第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh thedisadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.（个人观点）オ2.“A或者B”类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段： Some people hold the opinion that A is superior toB in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, Iwould prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason isthat 。 Another reason is that。
（赞同A的原因） 第3段： Of course, B also has advantages to some extent。 （列出1~2个B的优势） 结论： 第4段： But if all these factors are considered, A is muchbetter than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw theconclusion that 。
（得出结论） オ3.观点论述类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题As a student, I am strongly infavour of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对）The reasons for this may belisted as follows. （过渡句，承上启下） 正文： 第2段：First of all。 Secondly。
Besides。（列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由） 结论： 第3段：In conclusion, I believe that。
（照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构）4."How to"类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文： 第2段： Many ways can help to solve this serious problem,but the following may be most effective. First of all。 Another way to solvethe problem is 。
Finally。（列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法） 结论： 第3段：These are not the best but the only o/ three measureswe can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to。
（强调解决此类问题的根本方法） 四、图表作文写作模板The chart gives us an overallpicture of the 图表主题. The first thing wenotice is that 图表最大特点 . This means that as（进一步说明）.We can see from the statisticsgiven that 图表细节一 . After 动词-ing 细节一中的第一个变化， the动词-ed+幅度+时间（紧跟着的变化） . The figures also tell us that图表细节二 . In thecolumn, we can see that accounts for （进一步描述）.Judging from these figures, wecan draw the conclusion that （结论）. The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that（给出原因）. / It is high timethat we （发出倡议）. 五、图画类写作模板：1.开头Look at this picture./The picture shows that。/Fromthis picture, we can see。
/As is shown in the picture。/As is seen in thepicture。
2.衔接句As we all know, 。/As is known to all,。
/It is wellknown that。/In my opinion,。
/As far as I am concerned,。/This sight remind *** e of something in my daily .结尾句In conclusion。
/In brief。/On the whole。
/Inshort。/In a word。
/Generally speaking。/As has been stated。
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原发布者：2012houzi2012
英语六级作文万能模板及美句一、常见开头1:Itiswell-knowntousthat……（我们都知道……）==Asfara *** yknowledgeisconcerned，…（就我所知…）2:Recentlytheproblemof……ha *** eenbroughtintofocus.==Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernover……（最近……问题引起了关注）3:Nowadays(overpopulation)ha *** eeaproblemwehavetoface.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4:Interha *** *** roughtalotofbenefit *** uthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5:Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6:Itisamonbeliefthat……==Iti *** onlybelievedthat……（人们一般认为……）二、阐述观点1:People'sviewson…………However,other *** elievethat……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2:Peoplemayhavedifferentopinionson……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）3:Attitudestowards(drugs)varyfrompersontoperson.==Differentpeople
一.用于作文开头的万能模板1、Many people insist that。
很多人（坚持）认为…… 这句话乍看没亮点，但将众人皆知的"think"换为"insist"有没有觉得高大上了许多？2、With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that。随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为……3、A lot of people seem to think that。
很多人似乎认为…… 二.引出不同观点的万能模板1、People's views on。 vary from person to person. Some hold that。
. However, others believe that。.人们对……的观点因人而异。
有些人认为。..然而其他人却认为…… 看这个长度就已然鹤立鸡群。
其实，也是一个蛮简单也好记的模板。2、Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。
乍一看，跟上句的开头神似，其实就是省略掉了"people's"，不仅清爽而且好像高端了一些。3、People may have different opinions on。
人们对……可能会有不同的见解。又是一个婉转的句子，展示其客观性。
4、There are different opinions among people as to。关于……人们的观点大不相同。
"different"虽拉低了水准，但"as to"又拯救了回来。5、Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure).对（失败）人们的态度各不相同。
这句话貌似亮点不多，顶多一个"hold"，但也是安全牌，容易理解。三.得出最终结论的万能模板1、Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally e to the conclusion that。
把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论…… 很完全的答法，"take sth into consideration"短语的应用，加分。2、Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably e to the conclusion that。
考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论……"Take into account sth"短语似乎又比上句的"take sth into consideration"提升了一个层次。3、Hence/Therefore, we'd better e to the conclusion that。
因此，自然我们得出以下结论。
"Hence"一词用在文章中大气吧，但别平时口语中用，否则即使老外也用一种看老古董的眼神看你。
再特意提一句："we'd better"在这里不是“不得不”或“最好”的意思，而是一种自然而然，水到渠成的得出结论。4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。
短语"there is no doubt that"上线，同时运用我们的老朋友"as well as"增加看点。5、All in all, we cannot live without。
But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之，我们没有……是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。
这句话一般用于作文结尾，属万能句式，句式较为简单，方便操作。四.提出最终建议的万能模板1、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
"It is high time" 打头，为该句增色。注：that 后跟虚拟语气，后跟动词的一般过去式，表示“是某人做。
的时候了”或者“是某人不做。
的时候了”2、It is time to take the advice of 。
and to put special emphasis on the improvement of 。该是采纳……的建议，并对……的进展给予非常重视的时候了。
去掉一个"high"，画风完全不一样，不用过去式，只需用"to do"来替代。3、There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of 。
毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。"there is no doubt that"+被动还是蛮经典的组合。
4、Obviously,。. If we want to do something。
, it is essential that。显然，如果我们想做某事，我们需要…… 这句有些老生常谈，稍微不“常”的就是"essential" 替代了"important"。
5、Only in this way can we。 只有这样，我们才能。
Only+倒装，经典万能句式，还能看出点水平呢。6、It must be realized that。
我们必须意识到。把人人都会的"I realized"升格为被动语态，省略了主语，监考老师绝对会眼前一亮的！五.英语四级作文预示后果万能模板1、Obviously, if we don't control the problem, the chances are that。
will lead us in danger.很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险。"the chances are that"替代了"may"，果然说话拐弯的生物不止是中国人。
2、No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that。毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则很可能会…… 作文结尾万用句，毫无破绽。
3、It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。"It is urgent that"+被动，效果不错滴。
Nowadays, “1”has bee a matter of great concern of the general public in our society, especially for those who are confronted with this problem. There are, as is vividly depicted in the picture, 2 . 3 .This is something we should give more thought to. The picture are thought-provoking, and what it illustrate is a mon phenomenon in today's society： ④ . ⑤ . Hence， ⑥ ， as is shown in the picture given above. Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measur to improve the situations. In the first place, us should to appeal to government to set up a foundation toward those who do much to protect forest resources ⑦. second, those who cut down trees in a forest a random⑧ deserve to be punished by the law. Last but least ,it is necessary to encourage city-residents to plant as many trees as possible in and around the city⑨.We are looking forward to a much better and brighter future. 使用说明： 1 总结图画主题，一般可以用and或or连接两个名词。
注意英语喜欢用名词作标题类的内容。 2 描述图画内容。
3 根据个人描述能力，如果2句中描述已经够了，可以不写。 ④ 点出图画喻意。
⑤ 展开喻意，也是这个模块中，唯一需要完全由自己在考场上写的句子。 ⑥ 再次总结、强调喻意。
⑦ 根据图画内容，改写who引导的从句。 ⑧ 根据图画内容，改写who引导的从句。
⑨ 根据图画内容，改写主语和谓语。 注意作文62616964757a686964616fe78988e69d83332提示，灵活机动，按规定写作。
具体变化注意： 第一，如果是图表作文，2 句型不变，增加一句“some important change taken place in the past several years”，表示变化趋势。 第二，如果需要举例，在第二段增加一句：“for example, as report in daily newspaper and on TV news，……” 第三，如果需要列举原因，在第二段第二句增加：“There were some possible reasons for……” 本文已经固化的单词数超过140词，当场只需写一个完整的句子、三个半句、五处单词替换，具有中学英语水平足以完成。
引用的句子已经有足够的闪光点，自己写的句子，千万别写错，另外，注意覆盖图画所表达的内容。做到这两点，13分以上应该没有问题。
作文常用句式总结开头 Recently, the problem of … has aroused people's concern. 最近，…问题已引起人们的关注. Inter has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处，但也产生了一些严重的问题. Nowadays, (overpopulation) has bee a problem we have to face. 如今，（人口过剩）已成为我们不得不面对的问题了. It is monly believed that… / It is a mon belief that… 人们一般认为… Many people insist that… 很多人坚持认为… With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that… 随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为… A lot of people seem to think that… 很多人似乎认为… 引出不同观点： People's views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… . However, others believe that…. 人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为。
People may have different opinions on… 人们对…可能会有不同的见解. Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person. 人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异. There are different opinions among people as to… 关于…. 人们的观点大不相同. Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对（失败）人们的态度各不相同. 结尾 Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally e to the conclusion that… 把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论… Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably e to the conclusion that… 考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论… Hence/Therefore, we'd better e to the conclusion that… 因此，我们最好得出这样的结论… There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits. 毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点. All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise. 总之，我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题. 提出建议： It is high time that we put an end to the (trend). 该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了. It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of … 该是采纳…的建议，并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了. There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of … 毫无疑问，对…问题应予以足够的重视. Obviously，…. If we want to do something… ， it is essential that… 显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是… Only in this way can we… 只有这样，我们才能… It must be realized that… 我们必须意识到… 预示后果： Obviously, if we don't control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger. 很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险. No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that… 毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，很可能会… It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. 很紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展. 论证 From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. 在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我无法完全同意这一观点…. Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就个人而言，我站在…的一边. I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信… In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do…. 在我个人看来，做…比做…更明智. Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why… 给出原因： This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First， … Second， … Third， … 这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先， … 第二， … 第三， … Why did… ？ For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is… 为什么会…？ 一个原因是… 令一个原因是… 或许其主要原因是…. I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows. 我十分赞同这一论述，即…，其主要原因如下： 列出解决办法： Here are some suggestions for handling… 这是如何处理某事的一些建议. The best way to solve the troubles is… 解决这些麻烦的最好办法是… People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题. 批判错误观点和做法： As far as something is concerned， …. 就某事而言，… It was obvious that… 很显然，…. It may be true that…， but it doesn't mean that… 可能…是对的，但这并不意味着… It is natural to believe that… ， but we shouldn't ignore that… 认为….是很自然的，但我们不应忽视…. There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明… 如何连接 强调 still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, 。
写英语议论文时，有么有万能的写作模板可以套用?下面是我给大家整理的议论文英语作文模板，供大家参阅!
导入：
第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论：
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文：
第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法)
结论：
第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对) The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下)
正文：
第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)
结论：
第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总-分-总"结构)
导入：
第1段：Recently we've had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) The reasons are listed as follows. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由)
第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)
Here are the reasons. In the first place... What's more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由)
结论：
第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点) オ
Dear Editor:
[引出话题] I’m a senior three student. I’m writing to tell you my opinion on whethermiddle school students can go to school with mobile phones. [赞成]I think they can do that. Because students can keep in touch with their friends and family wherever they are. Besides, the mobile phone is a way to have fun.
[反对] However, every coin has 2 sides. There are some problems with using mobile phones. The ring of phones can disturb teachers and students in the classroom. Another students is that some students can spend too much time and money on phone calls and sending messages.
[个人观点] In conclusion, I suggest students not use phones in the classroom. Also, as it is expensive, the owner should take good care of it.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
由于 英语 作文 考查的是学生词汇、语法、句式等各种知识的掌握情况,因此学生要写好英语作文,就必须全面掌握英语知识。下面我就给大家整理了一些关于正反观点的 高中英语作文 ，希望能帮助到大家!
模板一 作文给出观点正反观点二选一(有的人认为，有的人认为，你的观点)
There is a widespread concern over the issue that________(The majority think that________(观点一). First of all,________(原因一).Furthermore, ________(原因二). So it goes without saying that________(观点一).
People,however,differ in their opinions on this people hold the view that________(观点二). On the one hand，________(原因一). On the other hand,________(原因二). Therefore, there is no doubt that ________(观点二)
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that观点一或二.It is not only because ________(原因一), but also because ________.(原因二)It's high time that________. (喊 口号 ) Only in this way eventually can we ________(支持这一观点的结果)
模板二
导入：
第1段：(导入话题)
(观点有分歧)
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点)
(列出2~3个赞成的理由)
第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)
(列出2~3个反对的理由)
结论：
第4段： (个人观点)
模板三
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision . (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句，承上启下)
正文：
第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)
结论：
第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... (照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构)
对于中考生来说，英语作文想要得高分，就要在平时多积累一些素材。下面整理了英语议论文作文模板，供大家参考。
Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2-3个赞成的理由)
However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2-3个反对的理由)
Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of ...毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。
Obviously,.... If we want to do something... , it is essential that...显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是……
Only in this way can we... 只有这样,我们才能...
is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）
the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）
lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）
the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）
may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）
1.正反观点式议论文模板 导入： 第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... (导入话题) Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧) 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点) Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由) 第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点) Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由) 结论： 第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点) オ 2.“A或者B”类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因) 第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论： 第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ
下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板，希望对你们有帮助。
Abstract
Since Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.
According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmen from a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS . And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.
Abstract
A large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。 However, no consensus hasbeen reached yet (Choo, Lin, & Pandian,2012; Mohsen & Balakumarohsen, 2011)。
Despite the fact that some narrative reviews have evaluated and explored thesecontradictory results, this study aims at quantifying the overall effectiveness oftechnology-enhanced English vocabulary learning with a different approach to review:meta-analysis and performing in-depth moderator analyses of learning method and testtype further.
Totally, twenty effect sizes from thirteen pieces of primary research are obtainedafter collecting related literature published or unpublished in recent ten years via fourchannels and selecting through three filters. Later, all the primary research is coded anddata are computed in random-effects model with software ComprehensiveMeta-Analysis.
Results show that: (1) Technology has a positively large effect on Englishvocabulary learning according to Cohen's standards as proposed in 1992 (g = 95% confidential interval of [, ])。 (2) Learning methods (intentional learning,incidental learning, and integrated learning) have impacts on the overall effectiveness.
Heterogeneity exists in the three learning methods (g = = 0,01 < )，Effectiveness of intentional learning, incidental learning and integrated learning is ^ =, g 二 , g = respectively. Incidental learning under technology-enhancedenvironment yields the largest effectiveness on English vocabulary learning. (3) Testtypes (recognition tests, recall tests,recognition + recall tests) also have impacts on theoverall effectiveness. The three test types are heterogeneous as well {Q = , p = < )。 Recognition tests, recall tests, and recognition + recall tests have effectsizes of and respectively. Technology-enhanced English vocabularylearning achieves the largest effectiveness in recognition tests.
Abstract
The present study, which is based on the Competing Values Framework (. CVF:a framework to identify the organizational effectiveness and to define organizationalculture)， aims to investigate English teachers, teaching motivation at universities, theirperception of the organizational culture in the target university,their professionalaspiration and how they affect each other. The research questions to be addressed are asfollows: (1) How do the English teachers perceive the organizational culture at theirworkplace? (2) How much effort will the teachers pay for their professionalengagement and aspiration? (3) What kinds of motivation do the English teachers in thetarget university appear to have? (4) How will the organizational culture and theprevious experience affect teachers' motivation?
This study employed four different questionnaires as the research instruments,including one demographic questionnaire and three research questionnaires, . thedemographic questionnaire, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (. theOCAI) (Cameron & Quinn, 1999)，the Professional Engagement and CareerDevelopment Aspiration-scale (. the PECDA-scale) (Watt & Richardson, 2008b)，andthe Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers Teaching (. the WTMST) (Fernet et al.,2008)，to investigate the above mentioned research questions. The whole investigationtook roughly 12 weeks and involved three stages: the preparation stage,the pilot study,and the main study.
The findings of the present study show that most of the teachers are intrinsicallymotivated and with identified regulation influenced by the performance culture and theclan culture which are the dominant culture types of the target research site. Results alsoindicate that the overseas experience and length of teaching experience affect teachers'perception of tixe organizational culture and motivation. The participants who haveoverseas experience tend to be more with the sense of professionalism, moreintrinsically motivated and be more confident with their competence in the academicarea; and the ones who have longer years of teaching experience are with moreidentified regulation and introjected motivation and are more committed and moreassured of staying in the education field. The participants in the target universitybasically belong to the highly engaged persisters,and the male teachers expect to be theleadership.
Abstract
Owing to the economic, social and academic needs as well as the advantages of EGAP(General Academic Purpose in Chinese College English) itself, there exist 这 great deal ofnecessity and feasibility for applying English for EGAP class. It is our understanding thatwriting plays an extremely important role in the course of EGAP and genre is a quiteinfluential factor in improving students5 writing competency. However,the investigation ofstudents' current writing situation shows that being deeply influenced by traditional writingteaching methods which emphasize grammar and vocabulary; the students have littleknowledge about genre approach theoretically or systematically and lack the awareness ofgenre. Because of this,it becomes necessary to put forward an English writing teachingapproach which is effective as well as applicable to the situation in China so as to enhancetheir writing competence.
This paper firstly gives a brief introduction to the developing trend of EGAP bydiscussing its necessity and applicability in China and the main views of two schools of genretheory, the tiieoretical foundation and genre-based approaches of three main schools of genrestudy and practice. And also,their characteristics are compared and the adaptability inChinese College EGAP class is analyzed, based on which it puts forward a modifiedGenre-based approach in EGAP writing class in order to enhance students' genre awarenessand improve their writing skills.
To achieve this, two non-English major classes of freshmen in East China University ofScience and Technology (ECUST) have been selected as the experimental class andcontrolled class, and the research lasts one semester. The Genre-based approach is applied inthe experimental class following a modified Genre-based approach. And a comparison hasbeen made on the same subject at the beginning and the end of the semester and thecomparison and contrast between the experimental class and controlled class have also beenmade. Owing to various factors,such as learning motivation, different students show variedextent of acceptance to certain teaching approaches. Therefore, emphasis has not only beenput on the overall changes,but also on the individual differences.
There are three hypotheses:
1. Can Genre-based approach enhance students' genre awareness? 2. Can “genreawareness” really improve students' writing ability in EGAP? If the students can get overallimprovement, is there any difference in gender and the students with diverse learningaptitudes because of the individual difference? If some students fail to improve, what's thepossible reason behind it? 3. Will Chinese students accept and adapt to Genre-basedApproach?
Three sets of data from six writing assignments, writing in final-term examination andquestionnaires are collected and analyzed with the help of the software SPSS . And thestudy indicates that: (1) Genre-based approach has a significant effect in sensitizing students'genre awareness, improving holistic writing competence; (2) during the whole experimentalprocess, girls have a stable superiority over boys, however, boys' improvement fluctuation iscomparatively obvious; (3) students of medium efficiency have the greatest potential to makebig improvement; (4) Unavoidably, in this research there are some students who fail to gainimprovement in terms of writing ability or get changed in terms of writing notions, andthrough analysis it has been found that the main objective reasons are: the difficulty ofwriting itself,the differences of culture and ways of thinking between east and west,thelimited teaching period, etc.; and subjective reasons mainly come from: the limitedcompetence of students themselves, the lack of interest in English writing, etc(5) aoverwhelming majority of students are liable to accept this approach and able to adapt to itpretty well, yet acceptation is not absolutely accompanied by adaptation; (6) feedback is adispensable part in English writing teaching, and more specific feedback will bring strongermotivation in students' self-correcting and developing;In the end,the author presents some limitations in her research and hopes that this cangive some hints and tips to further research in EFL writing classes.
Abstract
In college English listening & speaking classrooms, language and other semioticsystems cooperate together to help students construct meaning. It can be reflected inthe design of textbooks and the use of audios, videos and images, etc. Thus, in thisthesis, the theoretical foundation is the theory of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA)derived from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Social Semiotics. The essence ofMDA is that other semiotic resources such as: images, audios, etc. are as important aslanguage in the meaning-making system. Visual Grammar, Acoustical Grammar andthe integrated frameworks of MDA are the main analysis approaches in this thesis.
Meanwhile, the results of the teaching investigation and the MDA for textbooksare the practical foundation for the multimodal teaching design, providing feasibleand effective suggestions in this thesis. According to the results, it can be concludedthat students have more or less realized multimodality in this course and argue thatmultimodality should be used in moderation; multimodal classroom activities, socialcontent, etc. should be brought into the class; teachers should remind students to payattention to images, fonts change and other multimodal factors in textbooks.
Therefore, when conducting the multimodal teaching design, attention should bepaid to: (1) Modalities influence each other with clear priorities in this course. (2)Words modality and acoustical modality are the primary modalities, while othermodalities are just used as tools to provide supplementary information and to improveteaching efficiency. (3) The chosen modalities should provide supplementaryinformation to make the learning material more easily understood and help studentsconcentrate. Then, on the basis of the above principles and the writer's teachingexperience, a sample teaching design has been worked out, then its' feasibility andeffectiveness have been verified by an empirical study with the method of interview.
Abstract
Degree adverbs play a crucial role in daily language communication. However,owing to their wide varieties and similar meanings, it is hard for language learners toreally master their meanings and usages.
With the aid of AntConc and based on the corpora of FROWN (TheFreiburg-Brown Corpus of American English)，FLOB (The Freiburg-LOB Corpus ofBritish English) and CLEC (Chinese Learner English Corpus)， the study aims tocompare the actual use of common English degree adverbs in terms of semanticprosody between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers. The researchprocedures consist of two steps. First, AntConc is launched to extractconcordance lines of the target node words in each corpus and the semantic featuresof the node words' collocates are analyzed; then, the semantic prosodies of these nodewords are summarized and comparisons are made between the two corpora.
The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.
Chinese EFL learners tend to underuse the negative semantic prosodies of fairly,highly, and totally?,overuse the negative semantic prosodies of extremely; and misusethe semantic prosody of terribly. The results also show that some problems exist inChinese learners' use of semantic prosodies of degree adverbs, and the reasons mayinclude their first language transfer, intralingual transfer, and the lack of informationabout the semantic prosody in dictionaries and textbooks.
英文摘要格式
①首行居中打印论文英文标题(TimesNewRoman四号加粗)。
②下空一行居中打印英文单词“Abstract”(TimesNewRoman小四号加粗)。
③下空一行打印摘要内容(TimesNewRoman小四，倍行距，两端对齐)。
④摘要内容后下空一行打印“KeyWords”(TimesNewRoman小四号加粗)，其后接着打印关键词(3-7个关键词，TimesNewRoman小四号)。除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写。各关键词之间用分号隔开，最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。
⑤摘要正文各自然段首行空5个字符。
中文摘要：
①首行居中打印论文中文标题(宋体四号加粗)。
②下空一行居中打印“摘要”二字(宋体小四号加粗)，字间空一字符。
③“摘要”二字下空一行打印摘要内容(宋体小四号)。
④摘要内容后下空一行打印“关键词”三字(宋体小四号加粗)，其后接着打印关键词(3-7个，宋体小四号)，各关键词之间用逗号隔开，最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。
把握好内容的一致性
关于学术期刊论文中英文摘要的一致性，两"规范"都明确规定：英文题名应与中文题名含义一致，英文摘要的内容应与中文摘要相对应，中、英文关键词应一一对应。
可见，中英文摘要的一致性主要是指含义、内容、数量和顺序的一致性。英文摘要应忠实、准确地反映中文摘要的内容，不能随意更改或删去中文摘要的重点内容或重要信息，不能随意增补中文摘要中未提及的内容。
但这并不意味着英文摘要是中文摘要的硬性对译，如果受汉语思维的影响生硬地按照中文字面意思直译或进行句对句、词对词的一一对译，一个词也不改动，这不仅会导致在表达上出现中式英语的现象，而且会使英文摘要用词重复累赘、句子繁杂冗长、语义不流畅。
论文英文摘要格式字体如下：
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”。
4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。
6、英文关键词：“KeyWords”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。
组成部分：
摘要应具有独立性和自明性，并且拥有与文献同等量的主要信息，即不阅读全文，就能获得必要的信息。对一篇完整的论文都要求写随文摘要，摘要的主要功能有：
（1）让读者尽快了解论文的主要内容，以补充题名的不足。现代科技文献信息浩如烟海，读者检索到论文题名后是否会阅读全文，主要就是通过阅读摘要来判断；所以，摘要担负着吸引读者和将文章的主要内容介绍给读者的任务。
（2）为科技情报文献检索数据库的建设和维护提供方便。论文发表后，文摘杂志或各种数据库对摘要可以不作修改或稍作修改而直接利用，从而避免他人编写摘要可能产生的误解、欠缺甚至错误。所以论文摘要的质量高低，直接影响着论文的被检索率和被引频次。