通常有两大类，常见格式如下：1、 ……, one of the renowned writers in …, once said that …… According to …, one of the renowned writers in …, …… According to Francis Bacon, a renowned British writer and philosopher, "Money is a good servant and a bad "2、There goes a saying that … As a saying goes, … As a proverb says, … There goes a saying that he knows most who speaks As a proverb says, he laughs best who laughs 备注：第一类最为正式，有名有姓还可说明其身份或主业所在，常见于引用当下或当代的名人；第二类适用于古代的尤其是记不住名字的名人，更常见于引用谚语、公理或俗语。
英语论文中引用一句句子的格式是：Asanoldsayinggoes+(引用的句子)。引述别人的观点，可以直接引用，也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。扩展资料：若引文不足三行，则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如：ThedivorceofArnold'spersonaldesirefromhisinheritanceresultsin“thefamiliarpictureofVictorianmanaloneinanalienuniverse”(Roper9)这里，圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名)；阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成9)；作者姓与页码之间需空一格，但不需任何标点符号；句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。如需在引文中插注，对某些词语加以解释，则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如：DBeamanpointsoutthat“he[CharlesDarwin]hasbeenanimportantfactorinthedebatebetweenevolutionarytheoryandbiblicalcreationism”值得注意的是，本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中，故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。
给你看看我的毕业论文就知道了，是国外大学的，可不是国内的蹩脚翻译。最后就是引用的。所以要标明作者，书名，年代，和页数。最难的其实是最后的 appendix，那个不能错。
英语学术论文常用句型 Beginning In this paper。。 This paper proceeds as The structure of the paper is as In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets and related concepts To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature of the problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membership functions are Details on xx and xx are discussed in later In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem, various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, an entirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service time with stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service rule are Review This review is followed by an A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx and xxx is presented in Section In the next section, a brief review of the is In the next section, a short review of is given with special regard to Section 2 reviews relevant research related to Section 1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodology of action, while 2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity of systems and outlines the need for development of possibility
把先发生的事情写在后面。先把结局说出来，吸引读者了解其起因和过程，如《背影》；插叙，指在记叙过程中，需要插入另一些有关的情节，再接着叙述后来的事情，如《驿路梨花》。
of the suite were placed round the walls with a forbidding
在科学文章写作中，简明扼要是非常重要的。我们整理了一些学术文章的常用句子结构，帮您更轻松地起草论文。论文的摘要定义了研究的范围和目的，并简要描述了结果和结论。引言部分则对研究进行总体介绍，定义研究问题，确定可能存在的差距和矛盾之处，并明确指出研究目的和目标。此外，材料和方法部分提供了有关实验设置，数据收集方法和所用统计测试的详细信息。结果和讨论部分描述了重要的发现，并将其与以前的研究进行比较。论文最后则对全文进行了总结，并对进一步的研究进行展望。以下是一些有用的短语列表，帮您撰写引人入胜的引言： This study/investigate/paper aims to… Prior research investigations/surveys discuss/present/highlight… Several studies suggest In the course of the experiment, xyz played an important These methods were based on previously reported After a series of investigations, it was found Preliminary studies highlight the fact that… An xyz test was used to determine the significance of the Data suggested a significant increase Statistical analysis was performed using xyz The key findings that emerge from the study This image/graph/table suggests A further novel finding from this study The results obtained in this investigation demonstrate three There was a significant increase Similar findings were reported by Because of these potential There are several limitations to the This is particularly important when investigating the From the above findings, the authors conclude that…
一、英语论文的文中引述正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 （即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。目前美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。现针对文中引述的不同情况,将部分规范格式分述如下。若引文不足三行,则可将引文有机地融合在论文中。如:The divorce of Arnold's personal desire from his inheritance results in “the familiar picture of Victorian man alone in an alien universe”(Roper9) 这里,圆括弧中的Roper为引文作者的姓(不必注出全名)；阿拉伯数字为引文出处的页码(不要写成9)；作者姓与页码之间需空一格,但不需任何标点符号；句号应置于第二个圆括弧后。被引述的文字如果超过三行,则应将引文与论文文字分开,如下例所示:Whitman has proved himself an eminent democratic representative and precursor, and his “Democratic Vistas”is an admirable and And if one is sorry that in itWhitman is unable to conceive theextreme crises of society, one is certainthat no society would be tolerable whosescitizens could not find refreshment in itsbuoyant democratic (Chase 165) 这里的格式有两点要加以注意。一是引文各行距英语论文的左边第一个字母十个空格,即应从第十一格打起；二是引文不需加引号,末尾的句号应标在最后一个词后。如需在引文中插注,对某些词语加以解释,则要使用方括号(不可用圆括弧)。如:DBeaman points out that“he [Charles Darw in] has been an important factor in the debate between evolutionary theory and biblical creationism”(9)值得注意的是,本例中引文作者的姓已出现在引导句中,故圆括弧中只需注明引文出处的页码即可。如果拟引用的文字中有与论文无关的词语需要删除,则需用省略号。如果省略号出现在引文中则用三个点,如出现在引文末,则用四个点,最后一点表示句号,置于第二个圆括弧后(一般说来,应避免在引文开头使用省略号)；点与字母之间,或点与点之间都需空一格。如:Mary Shelley hated tyranny and“looked upon the poor as pathetic victims of the social system and upon the rich and with undisguised scorn and (Nitchie 43)若引文出自一部多卷书,除注明作者姓和页码外,还需注明卷号。如:Professor Chen Jia's A History of English Literature aimed to give Chinese readers“a historical survey of English literature from its earliest beginnings down to the 20thcentury”(Chen,1:i)圆括弧里的1为卷号,小写罗马数字i为页码,说明引文出自第1卷序言(引言、序言、导言等多使用小写的罗马数字标明页码)。此外,书名 A History of English Literature 下划了线；规范的格式是:书名,包括以成书形式出版的作品名(如《失乐园》)均需划线,或用斜体字；其他作品,如诗歌、散文、短篇小说等的标题则以双引号标出,如“To Autumn”及前面出现的“Democratic Vistas”等。如果英语论文中引用了同一作者的两篇或两篇以上的作品,除注明引文作者及页码外,还要注明作品名。如:Bacon condemned Platoas“an obstacle to science”(Farrington, Philosophy 35)Farrington points out that Aristotle's father Nicomachus, a physician, probably trained his son in medicine(Aristotle 15)这两个例子分别引用了Farrington的两部著作,故在各自的圆括弧中分别注出所引用的书名,以免混淆。两部作品名均为缩写形式(如书名太长,在圆括弧中加以注明时均需使用缩写形式),其全名分别为 Founder of Scientific Philosophy 及 The Philosophy of Francis Baconand Aristotle。评析诗歌常需引用原诗句,其引用格式如下例所示。When Beowulf dives upwards through the water and reaches the surface,“The surging waves, great tracts of water, / were all ”(1620-21)这里,被引用的诗句以斜线号隔开,斜线号与前后字母及标点符号间均需空一格；圆括弧中小写的1是line的缩写；21不必写成1621。如果引用的诗句超过三行,仍需将引用的诗句与论文文字分开(参见第四项第2点内容)。二、英语论文的文献目录论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码；如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为5cm,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为6cm；各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为6cm,不必留出更多空白。各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等；各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。现将部分较为特殊的条目分列如下,并略加说明,供读者参考。Two or More Books by the Same Author Brooks, C Fundamentals of Good Writing: A Handbook of Modern R NewYork: Harcourt, ---The Hidden God: Studies in Hemingway, Faulkner, Yeats,Eliot, and W New Haven: Yale UP,引用同一作者的多部著作,只需在第一条目中注明该作者姓名,余下各条目则以三条连字符及一句点代替该作者姓名；各条目须按书名的第一个词(冠词除外)的字母顺序排列。An Author with an EditorShake speare, W The Tragedy of M E Louis BW New York: Washington Square, 本条目将作者 Shakespeare 的姓名排在前面,而将编者姓名(不颠倒)放在后面,表明引文出自 The Tragedy of Macbeth；如果引文出自编者写的序言、导言等,则需将编者姓名置前,如:Blackmur, Richard PI The Art of the Novel:Critical P By Henry J New York: Scribner's,i-如果引言与著作为同一人所写,则其格式如下例所示(By后只需注明作者姓即可):Emery, D P English F By ELondon: Macmillan, v-A Multivolume WorkBrowne, T The Works of Sir Thomas B EGeoffrey K 4 London: Faber, Browne, T The Works of Sir Thomas B EGeoffrey K V London: Faber, 4 第一条目表明该著作共4卷,而论文作者使用了各卷内容；第二条目则表明论文作者只使用了第2卷中的内容。A Selection from an AnthologyAbram, M H“English Romanticism: The Spirit of the A”Romanticism R E Northrop F NewYork: Columbia UP,63-被引用的英语论文名须用引号标出,并注意将英语论文名后的句点置于引号内。条目末尾必须注明该文在选集中的起止页码。Articles in Journals, Magazines, and NewspapersOtto, Mary L“Child Abuse: Group Treatment for P”Personnel and Guidance Journal 62(1984): 336-报刊杂志名需划线,但其后不需任何标点符号。62为卷号或期号,如既有卷号,又有期号,则要将二者以句号分开。如:(3)；1984为出版年份,应置于圆括弧中。Arnold, M“Willa Cather's Nostalgia: A Study inA”Research Studies M1981:23-24,月刊或双月刊须同时注明出版年月；23-24,28表示该文的前一部分刊于第23和24两页,后一部分则转至第28页。Gorney, C“When the Gorilla S”Washington Post31 July,1985:B
你列举的感觉并不是引述句啊，引述一般都是要用你的话把别人的话转一道。你列的不就是直接引用吗引用句有时会直接引用名词和形容词引述名词引用名词可在后面加that, to do或wh词，通常用名词或形容词引述的时候，不会用到原文，而是用自己的话来描述被引用的观点事实 当遇到acknowldgement, advice, allegation, announcement, answer, argument, comment, decision, explanation, forecast, guarantee, indication, observation, promise, recommendation, reply, speculation, statement, suggestion, threat, warning，用名词+that从句的形式，且that通常不能省略。例：The claim is often made that smoking causes heart The jury came to the conclusion that the woman was 遇到名词decison, invitation, encouragement, instruction, order, promise, recommendation, refusal, threat, warning，通常用名词+to do从句，其中部分名词后面也可以跟that从句例： I accept Luisa's invitation to visit her in R He gave me every encouragement to take up painting They carried out their threat to dismiss workers on （或heir threat that tehy would dismiss workers on ）遇到名词question, issue, explanation, discussion, problem时，用名词+wh从句，且名词后通常加of例：Juan raised the question of when the money would be Our previous meeting looked at the issue of how to increase 以上很多名词还可以在后面+as to+wh从句或as to+wh词+to do来引出问题或话题，as to也可以被对应的介词替代例： She asked my advice as to what subject she should study at （或advice ） There was some discussion as to whether the price included tax or （或discussion ） Before we left we gave them strict instructions as to how to cook （或者about how ）引述形容词 引述某人的感受或观点时可以用形容词+that从句，此类形容词除以下例句还有adamant, agreed, angry, annoyed, grateful, insistent, sure例：The builders are certain that they'll be finished by the end of next 表示不确定的形容词后跟wh从句，这类形容词除以下例句还有doubtful（通常跟wheter），uncertain, not certain, unsure例：Scientists aren't sure where the remains of the satellite will 某些形容词后面通常跟介词+名词短语，这类形容词又apologetic, comlimentary, insulting, tactful(+about), dismissive, scornful(+of), abusive, sympathetic(+to/towards)例：Today's newspapers are very critical of the President's decision to appoint Mr W
其实英文的引号使用跟中文差不多。
英语写作中的常用句型汇总-113491-1-html第一部分 常用于引言段的句型的2类表达方式一、议论文常用句型 Itisafactthat… Itiswell-knownthat… Thereisnodoubtthat… Ithinkthat… Contrarytothepopularthought,Iprefer… Somepeoplesay/believe/claimthat… Itisgenerallybelievedthat… Itiswidelyacceptedthat… Itisargued/heldthat… Whileitiscommonlybelievedthat…,Ibelieve… Itcanbeconcludedthat… People’
of the suite were placed round the walls with a forbidding
英语作文常用的是开头语：Hello,everyone!要想表达步骤的话，可以用first、next、then、finaly来表示。用来表示过渡的话可以用连词来表示：but、notonly…butalso、either…nor等。用来总结的句子可以是：LI
我现在上的E x say英语，ABC添下英与，Ekoyu口语也挺好，外教1对1课程，上下来英语整体水平以及口语的部份进步都挺大的，他们是快速英语速成教材，一对一家教式教学， 还使我拥有了美国人的思维，而且纠正了我的发音，推荐去听下他们的轻松试听课程，货比三家嘛。被动语句 ，定语从句，是最常用的 在像the more the more。这种句型 朋友其实这中事情还是要靠自己在下面积累，别人告诉的不一定适合你，你可以找一些范文把里面的精髓都给挑出来 做好笔记 比如好的句型 用的好的高级词汇 连词，短语，这些都是一边好作文的必备要素，都可以成为你作文中的亮点。加油！!
英语学术论文常用句型 Beginning In this paper, we focus on the need for This paper proceeds as The structure of the paper is as In this paper, we shall first briefly introduce fuzzy sets andrelated concepts To begin with we will provide a brief background on the Introduction This will be followed by a description of the fuzzy nature ofthe problem and a detailed presentation of how the required membershipfunctions are Details on xx and xx are discussed in later In the next section, after a statement of the basic problem,various situations involving possibility knowledge are investigated: first, anentirely possibility model is proposed; then the cases of a fuzzy service timewith stochastic arrivals and non fuzzy service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzyservice rule are Review This review is followed by an A brief summary of some of the relevant concepts in xxx andxxx is presented in Section In the next section, a brief review of the is In the next section, a short review of is given withspecial regard to Section 2 reviews relevant research related to Section 1 briefly surveys the motivation for a methodologyof action, while 2 looks at the difficulties posed by the complexity ofsystems and outlines the need for development of possibility Body Section 1 defines the notion of robustness, and argues for Section 1 devoted to the basic aspects of the FLC decisionmaking Section 2 gives the background of the problem which includesxxx Section 2 discusses some problems with and approaches to,natural language Section 2 explains how flexibility which often can beexpressed in terms of fuzzy time window Section 3 discusses the aspects of fuzzy set theory that areused in the Section 3 describes the system itself in a general way,including the … and also discusses how to evaluate system Section 3 describes a new measure of Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy possibility theory inthe analysis of Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy formulation of Section 3, is developed to the modeling and processing offuzzy decision rules The main idea of the FLC is described in Section 3 whileSection 4 describes the xx Section 3 and 4 show experimental studies for verifying theproposed Section 4 discusses a previous fuzzy set based approach tocost variance Section 4 gives a specific example of Section 4 is the experimental study to make a fuzzy model ofmemory Section 4 contains a discussion of the implication of theresults of Section 2 and Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the analysis of xxand illustrate its use on experimental Section 5 presents the primary results of the paper: a fuzzyset model Section 5 contains some conclusions plus some ideas forfurther Section 6 illustrates the model with an Various ways of justification and the reasons for theirchoice are discussed very briefly in Section In Section 2 are presented the block diagram expression of awhole model of human DM system In Section 2 we shall list a collection of basic assumptionswhich a scheme must In Section 2 of this paper, we present representation anduniqueness theorems for the fundamental measurement of fuzziness when thedomain of discourse is order In Section 3, we describe the preliminary results of an empiricalstudy currently in progress to verify the measurement model and to constructmembership In Section 5 is analyzed the inference process through thetwo kinds of inference This Section In this section, the characteristics and environment underwhich MRP is designed are We will provide in this section basic terminologies andnotations which are necessary for the understanding of subsequent NextSection The next section describes the mathematics that goes into thecomputer implementation of such fuzzy logic However, it is cumbersome for this purpose and in practicalapplications the formulae were rearranged and simplified as discussed in thenext The three components will be described in the next twosection, and an example of xx analysis of a computer information system willthen illustrate their We can interpret the results of Experiments I and II as in thefollowing The next section summarizes the method in a from that isuseful for arguments based on xx查尔斯沃思论文润色提供公 众号：lunwen64
在科学文章写作中，简明扼要是非常重要的。我们整理了一些学术文章的常用句子结构，帮您更轻松地起草论文。论文的摘要定义了研究的范围和目的，并简要描述了结果和结论。引言部分则对研究进行总体介绍，定义研究问题，确定可能存在的差距和矛盾之处，并明确指出研究目的和目标。此外，材料和方法部分提供了有关实验设置，数据收集方法和所用统计测试的详细信息。结果和讨论部分描述了重要的发现，并将其与以前的研究进行比较。论文最后则对全文进行了总结，并对进一步的研究进行展望。以下是一些有用的短语列表，帮您撰写引人入胜的引言： This study/investigate/paper aims to… Prior research investigations/surveys discuss/present/highlight… Several studies suggest In the course of the experiment, xyz played an important These methods were based on previously reported After a series of investigations, it was found Preliminary studies highlight the fact that… An xyz test was used to determine the significance of the Data suggested a significant increase Statistical analysis was performed using xyz The key findings that emerge from the study This image/graph/table suggests A further novel finding from this study The results obtained in this investigation demonstrate three There was a significant increase Similar findings were reported by Because of these potential There are several limitations to the This is particularly important when investigating the From the above findings, the authors conclude that…