写论文摘要时以一般现在时为主。
介绍背景知识时，要用一般现在时，例如：
Speech recognition is the task of converting speech into text.
叙述研究现状时，也可以用一般现在时，例如：
This essay is to analyse how the era influences corporate cultures, and to give suggestions on the building of corporate cultures.
叙述研究结果时，大多数用一般过去时，例如：
Our text achieved the possibility above.
The university student's occupation career planning is the topic of social widespread concern nowadays, the occupation career planning means one conceive of the development road of personal whole life occupation with program.It can make student correct understanding ego, help a student to understand further society, strengthen the student's self-confident heart, help the student to carry out on his/her own.The result that is from here was many universities to set up related course or special subject to report and academic chair, also exist an extensively vigorous issue on the Internet, at that time the occupation career planning became the university graduate student is a concern most of a little bit hot a.But not a few university graduations return alive to without real career planning of the comprehension occupation to really slice meaning, to occupation career planning of important meaning understanding shortage, don't understand the procedure of occupation career planning, lack concrete technique of carry on the programming.So not a few university students to occupation career planning or cool detachment opposite, or vacant have no with proper from, or make the programming become formalistic, or regardless of the host and guest view's condition arbitrarily "programming"s with own fascination, this will cause occupation career planning of should have a function can't well develop. This text combines a current existent problem of the occupation career planning of university student and put forward some way of thinkings to the university student's occupation career planning's design. Keyword:The occupation career planning of university studentPASSAGE 2 summariesThe occupation career means one personal the havings in the whole life and work the occupation mutually contact of behavior and activity, and the continuous of related attitude, value, wishes...etc. experience of process.Successful occupation career design for choose an industry is to the developments of whole life to all have important meaning, be advantageous to explicit life to struggle a target, draw up a training plan, oneself can control an own destiny thus. Multifarious in the modern people change employment with business enterprise personnel flow under the situation of enlargement, not only personal occupation career development the programming seem to be important, more and more of business enterprise also is pass education and train a way, help employee to carry on an occupation career design, make their occupations grow up hard and the development target of business enterprise and in fact the process moderates consistently now, merge into an integral whole and reduce loss of talented people phenomenon thus. This text to contemporary university student after employment of high fluxion rate phenomenon and creation's reason of this phenomenon carried on analysis, put forward leading to design to lower after the employment the university student's fluxion rate into the occupation career through a business enterprise, and introduced to promote the method of occupation career planning to provide a business enterprise reference, strengthen an actual operation value. 【Keyword 】high fluxion rate meaning method of the occupation career planningPASSAGE 3 Reasonable design an own occupation career planning, is an university student to lead to successful square one.It can make the university student adequately know himself/herself, objective analysis environment, exactitude choice occupation, adopt valid measure to overcome occupation career various harassment within development, carry out own ideal thus.However, have more than half persons in our contemporary university student have never carried on an occupation career planning, they don't know that oneself will be engaged in in the future what kind of occupation perhaps to oneself the occupation choose lack necessary understanding.This kind of condition needs to be improve as soon as possible. The university student is the generation in the Chinese social transformation currently and destine the generation which to bear to pay a society a transformation price.Their preceding generation, actually and still have the old rice of traditional system, not and really throw in a market competition;But they are this generations, acquire the labor guarantee of very great degree because of socially progressing unremittingly;But they probably in 20 years of become the most pathetic person of Chinese society in"the white get unemployed wave tide", this be the price that they may pay. So the contemporary university student wants to definitely know choose of aftertime industry and employment, make them have a programming in advance by themselves.Seek job the employment is to future to work the upgrade foundation want to combine together realistic environment with our farsighted programmings, then give an own occupation career a clear fixed positionThis text passes to work to the university student in present stage condition analysis to commence, elucidation university student occupation programming of importance, and is design an own occupation career planning to put forward some good suggestions to the university student in present stage. Keyword:The essential main factor of the occupation career planning of the career planning principle of the step occupation of the occupation career planning of the occupation career of university student搞定~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
论文摘要体现了论文的关键核心内容，是论文翻译的重要内容。在翻译科技论文时，我们可以适当地使用被动语态，使整个文章更加客观。被动语态的表达方式可以扩大句子的信息量，突出相关的概念。同时，要注意论文涉及的关键词翻译要准确、经得起推敲。
我在学姐的推荐下找到了翻译狗，他最大的优点就是PDF可以直接进行翻译，而且翻译出来的排版和原来的英文排版一致，无需排版方便校对，缺点就是大量翻译要收费，而且语法会有一些问题，后期需要修改，也可以直接找北京译顶科技翻译，人工肯定是比机翻好。
With the advent of the information age, the development of enterprises are also increasingly showing industrial diversification, the structure of the distribution, management information features. Computer network technology continues to improve, expanding the scope of information management, both internal departments, suppliers or outside the enterprise, affiliates and outgoing personnel, are required to establish between the corporate headquarters with a fast, secure and stable network communication environment. How to establish secure communication with the external environment and the internal network between the network environment, remote access to enterprise branch offices outside the internal network resources, a lot of companies in the current building information network problems to be solvedKeyword: VPN , network , tunnel , safely，IPSec，GRE
Thesis topic: construction project bidding decision-making and research skills [Abstract] project tender main line, the decision-making methods of tendering, the factors affecting the decision-making, tender offer strategy and risk analysis. Bidding process in the often appear in the pros and cons of the various methods of test and the need to pay attention to expounded. Town words: Skills Project Bidding Thesis topic: Engineering Change to study the impact of cost management [Abstract] FID1C articles based on the engineering change to the definition that, in accordance with the principle of fairness and efficiency of the process described in the cost of engineering change management principles and methods and examples of the contract denominated in the corresponding item in the contract and no accordingly denominated project engineering change the basis for determining price, the principles, methods. Town words: Engineering Change Cost Management FIDIC Terms Thesis topic: real estate investment risk theory [Abstract] from the perspective of the real estate investment real estate on the definition of risk, risk to the real estate industry source identification. With the current domestic economic policies to the real estate investment risk analysis, and in accordance with the types of real estate investment risks were taken appropriate measures and methods to make the process of real estate investments in order to minimize the risk level. Town words: real estate risk
..这工作。还是自己做吧。。
我在学姐的推荐下找到了翻译狗，他最大的优点就是PDF可以直接进行翻译，而且翻译出来的排版和原来的英文排版一致，无需排版方便校对，缺点就是大量翻译要收费，而且语法会有一些问题，后期需要修改，也可以直接找北京译顶科技翻译，人工肯定是比机翻好。
论文用到的专业性词汇比较多，很多时候在写英文的时候可能会感到困难，我用过的是这个，你看一下吧。
第一步，在首页三大板块中点击【文档翻译】。
第二步，点击【选择文件】，从电脑中选中文件（注意这篇文档里只放论文摘要部分），点击【打开】。
第三步，文件上传之后，看到翻译语种选择，设置为【简体中文】转换【英语】，点击右下角【立即翻译】。
第四步，等到翻译完成，屏幕上会跳出温馨提示，点击【查看文件】，就能找到保存在电脑上已经翻译成英文的论文摘要了。
In this paper, ordinary differential equations courses, to explore how to realize "high-early binding", and mathematics in secondary schools in the basis of ordinary differential equations, as well as ordinary differential equations of the guiding role of mathematics in secondary schools to do some discussion, for systems of ordinary differential equations of high under the mathematical point of view to provide some secondary material.Key words, Ordinary Differential Equations; School Mathematics; combination of high early
论文摘要是对论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，要求扼要地说明研究工作的目的、研究方法和最终结论等，重点是结论，是一篇具有独立性和完整性的短文，根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要。
中文名
论文摘要
外文名
abstract
字 数
一般为正文字数10%左右
语 言
一般中文与英文并存
主要组成
目的 方法 结果 结论
写论文摘要时以一般现在时为主。
介绍背景知识时，要用一般现在时，例如：
Speech recognition is the task of converting speech into text.
语音识别是将语音转换成文本的任务。
叙述研究现状时，也可以用一般现在时，例如：
This essay is to analyse how the era influences corporate cultures, and to give suggestions on the building of corporate cultures.
本文旨在分析时代对企业文化的影响，并对企业文化建设提出建议。
叙述研究结果时，大多数用一般过去时，例如：
Our text achieved the possibility above.
我们的文本实现了上述可能性。
论文的英文摘要注意事项如下：
英文摘要翻译一般应符合以下几点要求：目的、方法、结果和结论四要素应完整；逻辑关系应清晰，准确和恰当地运用词汇、语法和连词三种形式的语义连接；创新点应突出，应将创新点凝练，放在首句，进而符合英语的语言习惯，是原始创新还是改进，是机理方面还是方法的创新应给予明确。
简洁，尽量用短句，谓语动词应尽量靠近主语，突出主要的信息；规范，应选用标准的英语词汇，避免行话和俗语等不规范词汇；主题词英语标题和关键词中的一致。符合语法规则。
中文摘要一般无主语，一般的语言范式如介绍….、分析….、得出….，一个动词代表一个事件，选用他this paper为摘要的载体是，翻译方便，容易翻译成英文的焦点句，焦点在动词上，this paper 统领这个事件。
而用被动语态范式时，就变成了被介绍…、被分析…、被得出…,这样的缺点是，句子零散，多套主谓关系，而用this paper做主语时，只有一套主谓关系，科技英语的语用特点是，主语少，这样的表达客观、简洁、一目了然，动作的发出者最少得付出，得到最大的结果。
确定this paper 为主语后，选用一个动词能够体现所要表答的焦点，将介绍、分析和得出等动词转变成相应的动作名词，由所选定的动词统领这些抽象动作名词，实现一套主谓关系。
当以paper为主语时，谓语动词可以选用：deal with，be concerned with，highlight, investigate, stress, feature等，具体使用哪个动词取决于摘要所要表达的内容。
More horizontal well drilling process CBM branch of horizontal Wells and well integrated in the cave of the branch, and drilling well connected eye, gas underbalance pressure drilling and geological guidance technology, is a high difficulty in construction of system engineering. But the main performance advantages in the single well gas production, high recovery is high, the production cycle is short, drill cover an area of an area small, but must be adopted with geological conditions of the different type of horizontal Wells branch, its economic benefits and social benefit is different, so much used in medium and high coal rank coal seam, high mechanical strength of coal seam and the mechanical properties stability; Geological condition requirements buried depth moderate, thickness of coal seam moderate, horizontal continuous stability distribution, coal gangue placed not development, structure stability, avoid faults and fracture zone. At the same time in order to maintain the stability of coal seam shaft, coal seam of slimhole drilling for general use (15.2 ㎝), so for drilling tools, measuring instruments and equipment performance and so on are out new requirements. More horizontal well drilling process CBM branches facing the main difficulties have: coal seam is fragile, and development of mutually perpendicular natural fractures, in this fragile strata of drilling, extremely easy cause underground collapse, stuck drill, even borehole scrap such complex accident; Coal seam is susceptible to pollution, reservoir protection is difficult, generally USES the inflatable drilling fluid, foam or formation water as coal seam segment of the drilling fluid system; Because more shallow buried coal seam, borehole curvature is bigger, drilling pressure to meet requirements, drill level well drilling column branch unlikely to occur fatigue damage, which led to the complexity in case; More horizontal well drilling process CBM branch belongs to new drilling process, involving many new tools and instruments. For example, for the two Wells connected electromagnetic measurement device, the small size of the geological oriented tools and efficient friction reduction short sub and so on, at the moment the equipment and instruments in China is still lacking.
搜索和挖掘数以万亿计的时间序列子序列在动态时间扭曲文摘大多数时间序列数据挖掘算法利用相似性搜索核心子程序,因此相似性搜索所花费的时间瓶颈的几乎所有时间序列数据挖掘算法。的难以扩展搜索大型数据集很大程度上解释了为什么大多数学术工作时间序列数据挖掘已经停滞不前考虑几个数以百万计的时间序列对象,而大部分工业和科学坐在数十亿时间序列对象等探索。在这项工作中,我们表明,通过使用一个组合四个小说的想法我们可以搜索和我真正的大量时间第一次系列。我们将演示以下极直观的事实,在大型数据集,我们可以搜索下比当前最先进的DTW要快得多欧几里得距离搜索算法。我们展示我们的工作史上最大的一组时间序列的实验。在特别地,我们认为大于最大的数据集结合所有的时间序列数据集的大小考虑在所有数据挖掘论文发表。我们表明,我们的想法让我们解决高层次的时间序列数据挖掘主题等问题发现和聚类在尺度,否则站不住脚的。除了采矿大规模数据集,我们将展示我们的思想也有影响的实时监控数据流,使我们能够处理更快的到达率和/或使用更便宜,比目前更低的设备可能的。
搜索和时间序列挖掘万亿子序列下的动态时间规整摘要大多数的时间序列数据挖掘算法使用的相似性搜索是一个核心子程序，从而为相似性搜索的时间是几乎所有的时间序列数据挖掘算法的瓶颈。的缩放搜索到大型数据集的困难在很大程度上解释了为什么时间序列数据挖掘已趋于稳定，大多数学术工作考虑到数以百万计的时间序列对象，虽然工业与科学坐在数十亿的时间序列对象的等待为探讨。在这项工作中，我们表明，通过使用一个组合四种观点我们可以搜索我的真正大规模的时间对于第一个时间序列。我们证明以下极非直观的事实；在大型数据集，我们可以准确地搜索下DTW的速度远远超过目前的国家的最先进的欧氏距离搜索算法。我们证明我们的工作时间序列实验曾试图最大的集。在特别是，我们考虑的是最大的数据集大于所有的时间序列数据的所有数据考虑组合大小论文发表过挖掘。我们证明了我们的思想，让我们解决更高级别的时间序列数据挖掘问题，如主题发现和尺度，否则将聚类站不住脚的。除了挖掘海量数据集，我们将展示我们的思想也为实时监测的影响数据流，使我们能够处理更快的到达率和/或使用比目前的价格和较低的动力装置可能的。
机器翻译错误多，QQ 帮您解决翻译语法修改。机器翻译错误多，QQ 帮您解决翻译语法修改
好用的论文翻译软件推荐如下：
1、知云
知云，是一款国产的永久免费软件。自带PDF阅读器功能。以下面这一篇PDF格式文献为例，下图就是软件界面。
2、GeenMedical翻译
是根据生物医学科研人群的实际需要开发的GeenMedical翻译平台。
3、专业词汇翻译--MedSci
MedSci，拼写检查及中英互译 ,收录超过200万个专业词汇，尤其是对新词的收录能力强。像生物医药领域出现的新词，或复杂的化学名均有收录，很全面，更新及时。与各家相比，算是更全面。
4、Linggle
Linggle是一个可用来进行英语语法、句子写作的工具，可为学习者提供更准确的英文写作建议，还能够根据词性来推测短句和句子，精准的分析出完整英文句子如何撰写。
5、NetSpeak
NetSpeak 是一个提供免费线上单词、词组、语句翻译的工具，其特点是可以在线搜索和比较各种英文词汇、短句、语法、单词解释等内容，并且可以统计出这个用语的变化形态，还可以分析使用频率和情境，堪比谷歌翻译。
答辩后大概率是要修改，因为答辩专家会提一些建议或者问题，会后你要根据这些建议或问题进一步完善论文，这也是答辩的目的之一。北京译顶科技做的不错，可以联系他们一下 统一查下。
论文摘要的翻译可以用谷歌翻译、有道翻译、搜狗翻译、翻译君、翻译狗、福昕翻译等等，一定要综合对比。
有条件的话还是找人工翻译吧，不然就多找几款软件，然后对比一下翻译的结果，逐句的看哪些重合度高，基本上这就是准确的翻译结果了。
摘要是科技学术论文的重要组成部分，是对原文献内容准确、扼要而不附加解释或评论的简略表述，属于信息型文本，主要功能是交流信息。学术论文摘要的译文，必须符合目标受众的表达习惯，使译文便于理解并接受，并在目标受众的文化以及交际环境中有意义。中英文摘要都应该含意清楚、结构简明、表达确切。
总之，学术论文摘要作为信息来源，是论文学术质量的反映，成为介绍或了解国内外学术成就非常有效的途径。学术论文摘要的翻译应遵循目的法则、连贯法则和忠实法则，应按照英文摘要的普遍标准和特征来进行翻译。
很多翻译软件都是直译，都达不到论文发表的要求，建议还是找一家专业的翻译机构，让专业的人员来翻译。这里推荐国际科学编辑，公司所有的科学编辑都具有博士学历，拥有丰富的科学研究经验及优秀的英语语言技能。