Hotel Room Management System(酒店客房管理系统) First, school discipline consciously to comply with regulations, should civilized, courteous, ethical, stresses discipline. To be positive, loving and respecting their jobs, be good at learning, to acquire new skills. Second, it is necessary to dress induction, listing services, it is necessary to instrument client makeup, generous manner, standardized terminology, civilized service, courtesy, enthusiasm for the initiative. Third, room service, daily in accordance with the procedures and requirements in accordance with the provisions of Health and was cleaning the room, it is necessary to carefully; room to manage the items and found that the issue of timely reporting. Fourth, the provision of accommodation, there must be a department director of the Center for leadership and service signing; external accommodation officer, I have a valid identity card or registration documents before they are allowed to stay. Five are not free to get foreigners to stay or live-in room, without the consent of the Director of the Center are not allowed to open private room, for others (including our employees) to provide accommodation, rest and entertainment. Sixth, check the clean-up room shall not tamper with the guests and private use of the things that students and guests are not allowed to ask for goods and the receipt of gifts; found loss of the public have to pay for items. Seven are not allowed into the front of others; front desk computer to staff management and operation, not related to personnel are not allowed to operate privately; typing, photocopying, send and receive fax, according to charges. Eight working hours are not allowed off-the-job, leave something to the leadership, are not allowed to sit in and for private classes, are not allowed to playing poker,织毛衣, watching TV and doing non-work-related matters. 9, do a good job in security work, in particular, do a good job in security work of the fire nuisance, it is necessary to ground inspections to identify problems and deal with timely reporting. Hotel health management system First, the purpose of health management to improve the quality of the hotel to provide the customers with fresh, clean and healthy consumption environment, and special provisions of the final version. Second, the contents of 1, the management of health management, including personal hygiene items and equipment health management and three aspects of food hygiene management. 2, officials at every level of their work area kept clean of Health has carried out clean-up responsibility. Managers to subordinate the management of health workers have jointly and severally liable. 3, clean-up of professional health departments and staff responsible for the work projects of regional and specialized cleaning and management. Clean the main means of public health, the Department of Food and Beverage catering manager, kitchen and cooks, the health sector and its personnel. 4, hygiene management standards: (1) instrument appearance and personal hygiene of staff. (2) the necessary health knowledge. (3) physical, mental health, test of "health card" posts. 5, see the standard of food hygiene management "on the hotel's management of food hygiene." 6, items and equipment standards for health management: to maintain the surface of materials and equipment formation, light, no smell, no damage, no marks clean, tidy and orderly place. 7, self-health check in accordance with the staff, teams and groups to check, departmental examination, the functional departments of the four inspection system to check, using conventional inspection, special inspection, secret investigation of the way, make unannounced visits. The problems of inspection, in accordance with the standards of accountability and punishment. Third, examination 1, goods, facilities and equipment requirements of surface roughness, light, no smell, no damage, no marks clean, tidy and orderly place, or in accordance with the seriousness of the circumstances and the impact of punishment. (1) Mao Xu, floating ash, water, paper and other minor health problems, each of the punishment given to million. (2) deposition, stains, grease, the larger debris, hair, wrinkles and other health problems, each element of the punishment given to . (3) dirt, there are foreign bodies, cracks, damaged, irregular placed, dislocation, loss or lack of goods, and environmental health issues such as smell, every element of the punishment given to 2-5. 2, all periodic health clean-up, no clean-up due to the expiration of the formation of health corner, to give 1 yuan sub-punishment, which affect the consumption of guests raised by the guests, as appropriate, given the responsibility of departments responsible for warning or fault action. 3, in the personal hygiene and food sanitation violation, in accordance with the relevant system of punishment hotel. Fourth, the requirements issued since the date of implementation. Hotels, hotel industry and health system A, hotels, hotels in order to maintain the environment clean, beautiful, ground-free fruit, and garbage痰迹. Second, be equipped with sterilization or disinfection facilities, and a sound health system. Third, quilt cover, pillowcase (towels), bed sheets and other bedding should be for a one-off. Fourth, the public should be a daily cleaning and disinfecting tea. Tea Surface must be clean, no oil, no water, no smell. Fifth, the wash-room toilet tank, bathtub should be a day of cleansing and disinfection. No toilet rooms, each bed should be equipped with different markings and the basin脚盆 One each. Basins,脚盆and slippers to be a passenger and one for use after cleansing and disinfection. 6, guesthouses, hotels among public health to do the daily cleaning, disinfection, and maintain no water, no mosquitoes, no smell. 7, various hotels, hotels have防蝇, mosquitoes, cockroaches and anti-rodent facilities, and facilities for the use of regular checks and found the problem in time to improve. Eight of the passengers abandoned the clothing to be registered, the destruction of unity. 9, the shop-owned water and secondary water supplies should be consistent with the "drinking water health standards", the second water supply reservoir water to meet health requirements tubes, Do regular cleaning and disinfecting. Second, performance appraisal system of the Housekeeping Department First, employees must strictly comply with the working hours shall not be late, leave early. Second, the post on time to participate in regular (every Monday to Friday room as early as 8:00), (front desk every Monday and Thursday 3:00 .) less than regular processing in accordance with absenteeism. Third, break down each week day, when an important task to suspend scheduled to receive a short break after the off. Annual leave in accordance with the provisions of the Center. Fourth, staff sick leave the hospital to be diagnosed in advance and leave to prove a single hand, if there are special circumstances can not leave early, and should promptly notify the foreman, the foreman asked the manager. Fifth, the staff requested the leave shall be submitted in advance 3-1 days foreman, in the case of staff shortage or have an important task, you can not be granted. After the leave will be dealt with according to absenteeism. Sixth, in strict accordance with the provisions of the frequency of work, if there is urgent reshuffle, without prejudice to the normal work situation, one day in advance to apply to the Captain, without consent by unauthorized reshuffle to deal with absenteeism. Seven of the sick leave fraud matter, once found, depending on the circumstances given to deal with absenteeism or removed. Third, the Department of grooming room instrumentation requirements Instrumentation: 1, working hours should be provided for work clothes to wear. 2, work clothes should be clean, straight, in accordance with the provisions of扣好on衣扣, trousers buckle. 3, put on a pocket, pocket fitted to prohibit all sorts of things, in order to maintain and keeps its uniform. Overalls should be repaired if damaged. 4, when the attendants are to go to work wearing a black work shoes, work shoes to keep clean. Wearing socks, asked men and women of deep shallow, socks should be in good condition without damage, are not allowed to wear shoes barefoot. 5, attendants are not allowed to wear during the induction of various accessories such as necklaces, bracelets, earrings, rings and so on. 6, the work should be required to work during the wear plate position in the left chest. 7, after the attendants dress should be self-censorship, and accept only after passing inspection foreman jobs. Appearance: 1, staff should remain clean face, clean hair, beautiful hair, generous. 2 men to stay fat, the latter is not covered collar, side did not cover ears; President to stay fat,垂肩after, the former do not cover eyes. Barber Qin, Qin-xiu surface, ground剪指甲, diligence dressing, washing hands frequently, take a bath. 3, men do not stay mustache, large temples; President does not stay long nails, nail polish is not coated, do not use strong perfume. 4, President of淡妆before induction can not be浓妆艳抹. 5, to maintain oral hygiene does not smell pre foods such as onions, garlic, tofu and so on. 6, smiling, cordial and kind, dignified and stable, neither overbearing nor servile. Deportment: 1, sitting A, body straight, vertical center of gravity down, stood back, shoulders relaxed, feet close together and knees, hand on the laptop. Binocular head-up, with a smile. B, not sit chairs filled (attendants should take two-thirds of the chairs), but not sitting in the edge. C, non-前俯back, legs shaking Rocker feet, can not be cross-leg table in the handrails or. D, in front of their superiors or guests can not hold hands in the chest, can not be二郎腿Rocker can not shake the legs, do not sit半躺half. 2, standing A, chest, crosstraining, freeclimber, the rise of head-up eyes, smiling. B, his arms hang down naturally or in the body before the cross, his left hand on the right hand under the best condition to maintain services. C, when the woman was standing on his feet into "V"-shaped, close to the knees, heels靠紧. Man standing with feet shoulder width. D, can not stand when叉腰, pole bending legs or hands, help desk, wall and so on. E, standing for non-hand fork when the pocket in the clothes can not stretch, get hair and other little tricks. F, standing打拍子feet, not 32 to get together to chat. 3, take the attitude A, head, chest, arms swing naturally down, legs should be straight. Women take the word step, the man walking with the feet parallel. B, are not allowed to摇头晃脑walking, whistling, snacking may not be hand fork pockets. C, walking may not be running, jumping, not the guests through the middle. D, off-off站定, take the initiative to give way and say hello nod. E, walk in the corridor should be on the right hand wall is not allowed. F, three or more scattered to walk in small groups can not peer. May not be walking勾肩搭背, said, laughing, or rough. Fourth, the Department of incentive regulations Rooms (Punishment Ordinance) Verbal warning 1, the regular meeting or work late, leave early. 2, working hours reading books, read the newspaper, eating snacks, drinks, fall asleep. 3, spitting, litter paper, peel and other debris. 4, not at designated employees access channel, through the lobby, main entrance, warming Gallery, in civilian dress to enter the workplace. 5, in violation of the rules and regulations quarters, educators have been criticized. 6, the provisions of the ban on smoking in the smoking area. 7, on duty when listening to music, watching TV, make personal phone calls or chat by phone. 8, the working hours of unauthorized absence from the job, or a string of gang扎堆chat, not good at with instructions to enter the Center Center. 9, the slow distribution of the work of a higher level, delay, work do not have a strong sense of responsibility, carelessness, resulting in the work of errors were minor. 10, on duty in public places or when the appearance is not the whole dress is not required, such as licensing work with distortion, not the entire hair, such as relying on the walls. 11, in the use of all剔牙off, dug ears, scratching, to pull the nose, look in the mirror, make-up, started referring to, whistling, hands pockets, hands叉腰, such as loud hubbub of the move being professional demeanor. 12, service is not active, not passion, not honorific and polite language and not the guests made a positive solution to the requirements of power, caused by dissatisfaction with the guests. 13, staff regulations violations, the presence of management staff is not correct, non-stop, non-performance of the management responsibility of a minor nature. 14, in violation of the provisions of the relevant rules and regulations or department, a minor. 15, in the health inspection, a number of unqualified persons found. Slight fault 1, within one month by two oral警告者. 2, is not reasonable obedience to superior orders, did not complete the task or intention to sabotage the work of their superiors who are impolite words and deeds. 3, the work of sow discord, slander others, to spread the speech is not conducive to unity; the work of the spirit of the lack of coordination and cooperation, with the result that the work be affected. 4, time to fall asleep on duty, dry private live. 5, in violation of various safety rules and working procedures for the operation of norms and rules and regulations. 6, not to subordinate the management of discipline found not stopped, not by the punishment. 7, unauthorized use of passenger amenities or facilities, unauthorized guests turning items. 8, the language vulgar, impolite to the guests, and guests to argue, without consent or authorization into the leadership of the Office of the guests rooms. Small fault 1, by two months to deal with two minor mistakes. 2, work is not serious, not enthusiasm or the leadership of complaints by the guests. 3, authorization to accept guests tips, articles, or have left over items are not timely paid 4, the working hours as well as the impact of the guests shouted rest hubbub. 5, as a result of the mistakes made by individuals affect the work of customer service. 6, contrary to the positions of the working procedures or rules and regulations as well as hidden dangers caused by work. 7, using improper means to interfere with the work of others. 8, unauthorized use of guests of the goods or equipment without the approval of unauthorized use of center equipment. 9, knowing that the loss or loss of property, and turning a blind eye is not reporting. 10, does not provide true and accurate report, form or material. 11, leakage of confidential centers, the Center lost keys, documents and other important items. Major fault 1, within three months by the two in mind to deal with small errors. 2, twice within two months under the leadership of the guests or complaints. . 3, work positions, or dereliction of duty, unauthorized absence from the adverse effects caused by some. 4, mismanagement, resulting in serious losses Center. 5, to work with when drinking or drunkenness. . 6, refused to accept the leadership of the organization of a reasonable work, bad attitude. 7, the work of dereliction of duty caused by power failure, water, parking and other major incidents. 8, other violations of rules and regulations, the circumstances of a serious shortage of dismissal. Dismissed, removed or expelled from the 1, a serious dereliction of duty, corruption, resulting in heavy losses. 2, by the public security organs shall be held criminally accountable. 3, can not do the work, after training or adjustment of status can not be doing the work. V 4, theft or private use Center materials, private room to open. 5, insult, slander, assault, intimidation, threats against colleagues and leading or fighting. 6, alcohol, gambling, the adverse effects caused. 7, do not obey the leadership of the command, the leadership refused to assign a reasonable work, through the Education invalid. 8, deliberate damage to public property. 9, the use of public谋私, corruption, misappropriation of public funds. 10, released to the outside world center slanderous remarks made remarks prejudicial to the reputation of the Center, severely damaged the image center. 11, recorded a major fault or two small errors or warnings shown no apparent repentance. 12, other serious violations of discipline violations. (Award) 1, in the service work, outstanding performance with outstanding performance. 2, put forward some reasonable proposals to improve the quality of service or to contribute to saving energy and reducing consumption. 3, quality service, by the central leadership or guests. 4, a strong sense of responsibility, the timely detection of a variety of hidden dangers and prevent accidents. 5,拾金不昧, won the reputation as the center. 6, solid work hard to unite colleagues, be sure the same. 7, honorable, the protection of the state, collectives and the safety of guests property. 8, who have made outstanding contributions in other areas. V. Housekeeping service standards and disciplinary provisions of 1, obedience to superior management, unity and colleagues, work full emotional, not to The impact of the work for personal reasons 2, work, work to maintain the appearance of a person's own instrument, and maintain the Center clean and quiet and maintain normal private life. 3, working hours is prohibited access to make private telephone calls, meeting with friends or chat is strictly prohibited. 4, in the service area to achieve the "three-light" to speak not only light, light walking, light operation. 5, on the customer service should not be too affectionate, guests can not make up the shoulder. 6, guests can not be asked to "do not know" answer inquiries as far as possible, in the case of improper words and deeds of the guests, not tit-for-tat should be tactfully explained. Adhere to the guests is always right. 7, in the face of the guests may not smoke, eat, read the newspaper, may not be rough foul language; does not mean that the private opinions, do not talk about national issues. 8, the guests have asked or required to be recorded immediately so as not to forget that beyond the terms of reference should be unable to process request to the leadership may not be good at doing that. 9, without the guests agreed that children should not have to play the visitors to avoid unhappy customers; when going out or entertaining guests when their children can not neglect, but not chaos to the food. 10, in front of the guests did not say unnecessary action if not arrogant. 11, does not apply if the guests fall ill or have other anomalies should be reported immediately to avoid accidents. 12, knocked on the door to develop good habits, are not free to enter the guest room, guest room shall be arbitrarily moving luggage items should be in the guest room shall not open the door to close. 13, without a tenant to confirm whether or not the tenant agree that should not be opening the door for others. 14, guests should take the initiative to get out of baggage items found in time and turned over to the return of first time guests.
酒店管理毕业论文参考文献
gdyjs我为您整理的酒店管理毕业论文参考文献，欢迎浏览借鉴！ [1] 夏秀清. 咸阳海泉湾温泉酒店市场营销方案设计与实施[D]. 西北大学 2008
[2] 王新奇. 锦江之星高新店营销创新研究[D]. 西北大学 2008
[3] 杭国栋. 上海新东方语言培训（英语）市场营销策略研究[D]. 复旦大学 2009
[4] 刘利. 安徽大步汽车4S店服务营销策略研究[D]. 合肥工业大学 2009
[5] 姜瑞华. 青岛市星级酒店绿色营销组合策略研究[D]. 山东大学 2008
[6] 阎同立. 河北民航大酒店营销策略研究[D]. 南京理工大学 2002
[7] 赵志梅. 陋室宾馆服务营销策略研究[D]. 西北大学 2009
[8] 严华. H汽车租赁公司上海市场的营销策略研究[D]. 兰州大学 2009
[9] 麦毅菁. 基于管理合同模式的饭店集团研究[D]. 厦门大学 2008
[10] 杨锦慧. 呼叫中心在线营销运营管理与营销策略研究[D]. 北京邮电大学 2009
[11] 于春玲. 国内外酒店管理模式比较分析[D]. 吉林大学 2005
[12] 吴恺. 重庆小天鹅酒店管理公司发展战略研究[D]. 重庆大学 2005
[13] 邵远. 中国酒店管理业的'发展及其模式研究[D]. 浙江大学 2006
[14] 吕海霞. 正明锦江大酒店管理模式研究[D]. 吉林大学 2006
[15] 张岩. 陶然居大酒店营销策略研究[D]. 山东大学 2006
[16] 葛震宇. 试论经济型酒店营销策略[D]. 南京理工大学 2006
[17] 李洪文. 泰安金海大酒店营销策略研究[D]. 上海海事大学 2006
[18] 陈果. JS酒店目标市场营销战略研究[D]. 西南财经大学 2007
[19] 刘永强. 论南航明珠大酒店的服务营销策略[D]. 西南交通大学 2007
酒店论文参考文献
导语：酒店管理专业注重学生综合素质的培养，主要学习经济管理基础知识、酒店管理基本理论。下面我整理了酒店论文参考文献，欢迎参考借鉴！
[1]白琳.我国主题酒店发展之探微[J].湖南人文科技学院学报.2007(03).
[2]李杰.主题酒店的规划设计--以京川宾馆为例[J].科协论坛(下半月).2008(11).
[3]王晖.主题酒店体验环境设计的模式与策略[J].饭店现代化.2006(08).
[4]琚宾,方振鹏.无言之美蕴涵中国意境的体验美学[J].室内设计与装修.2007(10).
[5]赵小媛,吴亦婷,唐文闻.浅析酒店的规划设计与功能布局[J].企业家天地下半月刊(理论版).2007(07).
[1]汤晓敏,王云着.景观艺术学-景观要素与艺术原理.[M]上海交通大学..
[2]邱林.生态建筑节能设计.[J]中国新技术新产品..
[3]佘美萱,张远文.热带庭园设计大师--马德·维贾亚.[J]中国园林..
[4]尹丽.罗伯特·布雷·马克思的景观世界.[J]文学界(理论版)..
[5]李睿煊,李香会.流动的色彩--巴西着名设计师罗伯特·布雷·马克思及其风景园林作品.[J]中国园林..
[6]梁珍铭；李亚；刘敏；黄璐.东南亚旅游景观形成背景条件及特点分析.[J]对外经贸..
[7]闫莉.浅谈巴厘岛度假酒店园林风格.[J]华中建筑..
[8]陆洪慧.巴厘岛度假村特色建筑及景观设计.[J]规划师..
[9]中国建筑设计研究院编着.建筑师札记.[M]清华大学出版社..
[10]王胜永着.景观建筑.[M]化学工业出版社..
[11]韩慧君.地域风情与建筑的完美结合--巴厘岛旅游休闲度假酒店.[J]建筑技艺.2009.
[12]刘俊着.中国滨海旅游度假区发展及影响因素.[M]科学出版社..
[13]胡婧.热带滨海度假酒店空间模式研究.[D]大连理工大学..
[1]肖平,方豪.国内外医院后勤社会化研究[J].现代医院.2005,5(9):2-5.
[2]薛玉明,周玉珍.加强医院布草管理控制医院感染[J].中外医疗.2009,35:187-189.
[3]李宁,郑洪柱.医院洗衣房的医院感染控制与管理[J].中华医院感染学杂志.2008,18(7):964.
[4]叶小云.不同的.清洗灭菌方法对无菌物品质量影响的研究[J].中国现代护理杂志.2009,15(7):677-678.
[5]湖南省公共用纺织品安全技术规范[S].
[6]柴建军,陈塞涌,赵嘉.医院纺织品洗漆行业欧洲EN14065标准概述[J].中国医院.2007,11(2):79-80.
[7]洗衣有规范粤首个洗衣洗涤业地方te准7月起实施.南方网.
[8]杨停.洗洚服务缺乏质量标准[N].质量&市场.2004,4:27-28.
[9]GB/纺织品织物和服装的专业维护、干洗和湿洗第2部分:使用四氯乙稀干洗和整资时性能试验的程序[S].
[10]GB/纺织品织物和服装的专业维护、干洗和湿洗第3部分:使用烃类溶剂干洗和整资时性能试验的程序[S].
[1]扈健丽.客户关系管理[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2010,45.
[2]胡左浩.客户关系管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2010,35-36.
[3]朱锦秋.建立差异化客户管理服务体系[J].中国石化.2011,09.
[4]杨永恒,王永贵.客户关系管理的内涵、驱动因素及成长维度[J].南开管理评论,2002(2):67-68.
[5]周丽丽.企业客户关系管理现状研究[J].商场现代化,2008(17).
[6]伍来定.酒店服务营销策略[J].江苏商论,2003(11):58.
[7]瞿艳平.国内外客户关系管理理论研究述评与展望[J].财经评论2011(3)111-115.
[8]陈显中,张健.电子商务环境下的企业客户关系管理研究[J].商场现代化,2007,(24).
[9]徐虹,康晓梅,李敏.旅游经济学[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2008,36.
[10]魏丽君.A公司客户关系管理研究[J].当代经理人,2012(6):35.
[11]赵现锋,李然.客户服务差异化营销探析[J].商场现代化,2009,(04).
[12]夏世蟒.数据库与客户关系管理[J]管理信息化,2010(12):35.
[13]王金铎,王金秀.企业经营过程中的客户关系管理[J].经管视线,2011,6:57-58.
酒店论文参考文献
导语：酒店管理专业注重学生综合素质的培养，主要学习经济管理基础知识、酒店管理基本理论。下面我整理了酒店论文参考文献，欢迎参考借鉴！
[1]白琳.我国主题酒店发展之探微[J].湖南人文科技学院学报.2007(03).
[2]李杰.主题酒店的规划设计--以京川宾馆为例[J].科协论坛(下半月).2008(11).
[3]王晖.主题酒店体验环境设计的模式与策略[J].饭店现代化.2006(08).
[4]琚宾,方振鹏.无言之美蕴涵中国意境的体验美学[J].室内设计与装修.2007(10).
[5]赵小媛,吴亦婷,唐文闻.浅析酒店的规划设计与功能布局[J].企业家天地下半月刊(理论版).2007(07).
[1]汤晓敏,王云着.景观艺术学-景观要素与艺术原理.[M]上海交通大学..
[2]邱林.生态建筑节能设计.[J]中国新技术新产品..
[3]佘美萱,张远文.热带庭园设计大师--马德·维贾亚.[J]中国园林..
[4]尹丽.罗伯特·布雷·马克思的景观世界.[J]文学界(理论版)..
[5]李睿煊,李香会.流动的色彩--巴西着名设计师罗伯特·布雷·马克思及其风景园林作品.[J]中国园林..
[6]梁珍铭；李亚；刘敏；黄璐.东南亚旅游景观形成背景条件及特点分析.[J]对外经贸..
[7]闫莉.浅谈巴厘岛度假酒店园林风格.[J]华中建筑..
[8]陆洪慧.巴厘岛度假村特色建筑及景观设计.[J]规划师..
[9]中国建筑设计研究院编着.建筑师札记.[M]清华大学出版社..
[10]王胜永着.景观建筑.[M]化学工业出版社..
[11]韩慧君.地域风情与建筑的完美结合--巴厘岛旅游休闲度假酒店.[J]建筑技艺.2009.
[12]刘俊着.中国滨海旅游度假区发展及影响因素.[M]科学出版社..
[13]胡婧.热带滨海度假酒店空间模式研究.[D]大连理工大学..
[1]肖平,方豪.国内外医院后勤社会化研究[J].现代医院.2005,5(9):2-5.
[2]薛玉明,周玉珍.加强医院布草管理控制医院感染[J].中外医疗.2009,35:187-189.
[3]李宁,郑洪柱.医院洗衣房的医院感染控制与管理[J].中华医院感染学杂志.2008,18(7):964.
[4]叶小云.不同的.清洗灭菌方法对无菌物品质量影响的研究[J].中国现代护理杂志.2009,15(7):677-678.
[5]湖南省公共用纺织品安全技术规范[S].
[6]柴建军,陈塞涌,赵嘉.医院纺织品洗漆行业欧洲EN14065标准概述[J].中国医院.2007,11(2):79-80.
[7]洗衣有规范粤首个洗衣洗涤业地方te准7月起实施.南方网.
[8]杨停.洗洚服务缺乏质量标准[N].质量&市场.2004,4:27-28.
[9]GB/纺织品织物和服装的专业维护、干洗和湿洗第2部分:使用四氯乙稀干洗和整资时性能试验的程序[S].
[10]GB/纺织品织物和服装的专业维护、干洗和湿洗第3部分:使用烃类溶剂干洗和整资时性能试验的程序[S].
[1]扈健丽.客户关系管理[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2010,45.
[2]胡左浩.客户关系管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2010,35-36.
[3]朱锦秋.建立差异化客户管理服务体系[J].中国石化.2011,09.
[4]杨永恒,王永贵.客户关系管理的内涵、驱动因素及成长维度[J].南开管理评论,2002(2):67-68.
[5]周丽丽.企业客户关系管理现状研究[J].商场现代化,2008(17).
[6]伍来定.酒店服务营销策略[J].江苏商论,2003(11):58.
[7]瞿艳平.国内外客户关系管理理论研究述评与展望[J].财经评论2011(3)111-115.
[8]陈显中,张健.电子商务环境下的企业客户关系管理研究[J].商场现代化,2007,(24).
[9]徐虹,康晓梅,李敏.旅游经济学[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2008,36.
[10]魏丽君.A公司客户关系管理研究[J].当代经理人,2012(6):35.
[11]赵现锋,李然.客户服务差异化营销探析[J].商场现代化,2009,(04).
[12]夏世蟒.数据库与客户关系管理[J]管理信息化,2010(12):35.
[13]王金铎,王金秀.企业经营过程中的客户关系管理[J].经管视线,2011,6:57-58.
可以去查看一下王吉鹏写的书，里面实例不少。
Hotel Room Management System(酒店客房管理系统) First, school discipline consciously to comply with regulations, should civilized, courteous, ethical, stresses discipline. To be positive, loving and respecting their jobs, be good at learning, to acquire new skills. Second, it is necessary to dress induction, listing services, it is necessary to instrument client makeup, generous manner, standardized terminology, civilized service, courtesy, enthusiasm for the initiative. Third, room service, daily in accordance with the procedures and requirements in accordance with the provisions of Health and was cleaning the room, it is necessary to carefully; room to manage the items and found that the issue of timely reporting. Fourth, the provision of accommodation, there must be a department director of the Center for leadership and service signing; external accommodation officer, I have a valid identity card or registration documents before they are allowed to stay. Five are not free to get foreigners to stay or live-in room, without the consent of the Director of the Center are not allowed to open private room, for others (including our employees) to provide accommodation, rest and entertainment. Sixth, check the clean-up room shall not tamper with the guests and private use of the things that students and guests are not allowed to ask for goods and the receipt of gifts; found loss of the public have to pay for items. Seven are not allowed into the front of others; front desk computer to staff management and operation, not related to personnel are not allowed to operate privately; typing, photocopying, send and receive fax, according to charges. Eight working hours are not allowed off-the-job, leave something to the leadership, are not allowed to sit in and for private classes, are not allowed to playing poker,织毛衣, watching TV and doing non-work-related matters. 9, do a good job in security work, in particular, do a good job in security work of the fire nuisance, it is necessary to ground inspections to identify problems and deal with timely reporting. Hotel health management system First, the purpose of health management to improve the quality of the hotel to provide the customers with fresh, clean and healthy consumption environment, and special provisions of the final version. Second, the contents of 1, the management of health management, including personal hygiene items and equipment health management and three aspects of food hygiene management. 2, officials at every level of their work area kept clean of Health has carried out clean-up responsibility. Managers to subordinate the management of health workers have jointly and severally liable. 3, clean-up of professional health departments and staff responsible for the work projects of regional and specialized cleaning and management. Clean the main means of public health, the Department of Food and Beverage catering manager, kitchen and cooks, the health sector and its personnel. 4, hygiene management standards: (1) instrument appearance and personal hygiene of staff. (2) the necessary health knowledge. (3) physical, mental health, test of "health card" posts. 5, see the standard of food hygiene management "on the hotel's management of food hygiene." 6, items and equipment standards for health management: to maintain the surface of materials and equipment formation, light, no smell, no damage, no marks clean, tidy and orderly place. 7, self-health check in accordance with the staff, teams and groups to check, departmental examination, the functional departments of the four inspection system to check, using conventional inspection, special inspection, secret investigation of the way, make unannounced visits. The problems of inspection, in accordance with the standards of accountability and punishment. Third, examination 1, goods, facilities and equipment requirements of surface roughness, light, no smell, no damage, no marks clean, tidy and orderly place, or in accordance with the seriousness of the circumstances and the impact of punishment. (1) Mao Xu, floating ash, water, paper and other minor health problems, each of the punishment given to million. (2) deposition, stains, grease, the larger debris, hair, wrinkles and other health problems, each element of the punishment given to . (3) dirt, there are foreign bodies, cracks, damaged, irregular placed, dislocation, loss or lack of goods, and environmental health issues such as smell, every element of the punishment given to 2-5. 2, all periodic health clean-up, no clean-up due to the expiration of the formation of health corner, to give 1 yuan sub-punishment, which affect the consumption of guests raised by the guests, as appropriate, given the responsibility of departments responsible for warning or fault action. 3, in the personal hygiene and food sanitation violation, in accordance with the relevant system of punishment hotel. Fourth, the requirements issued since the date of implementation. Hotels, hotel industry and health system A, hotels, hotels in order to maintain the environment clean, beautiful, ground-free fruit, and garbage痰迹. Second, be equipped with sterilization or disinfection facilities, and a sound health system. Third, quilt cover, pillowcase (towels), bed sheets and other bedding should be for a one-off. Fourth, the public should be a daily cleaning and disinfecting tea. Tea Surface must be clean, no oil, no water, no smell. Fifth, the wash-room toilet tank, bathtub should be a day of cleansing and disinfection. No toilet rooms, each bed should be equipped with different markings and the basin脚盆 One each. Basins,脚盆and slippers to be a passenger and one for use after cleansing and disinfection. 6, guesthouses, hotels among public health to do the daily cleaning, disinfection, and maintain no water, no mosquitoes, no smell. 7, various hotels, hotels have防蝇, mosquitoes, cockroaches and anti-rodent facilities, and facilities for the use of regular checks and found the problem in time to improve. Eight of the passengers abandoned the clothing to be registered, the destruction of unity. 9, the shop-owned water and secondary water supplies should be consistent with the "drinking water health standards", the second water supply reservoir water to meet health requirements tubes, Do regular cleaning and disinfecting. Second, performance appraisal system of the Housekeeping Department First, employees must strictly comply with the working hours shall not be late, leave early. Second, the post on time to participate in regular (every Monday to Friday room as early as 8:00), (front desk every Monday and Thursday 3:00 .) less than regular processing in accordance with absenteeism. Third, break down each week day, when an important task to suspend scheduled to receive a short break after the off. Annual leave in accordance with the provisions of the Center. Fourth, staff sick leave the hospital to be diagnosed in advance and leave to prove a single hand, if there are special circumstances can not leave early, and should promptly notify the foreman, the foreman asked the manager. Fifth, the staff requested the leave shall be submitted in advance 3-1 days foreman, in the case of staff shortage or have an important task, you can not be granted. After the leave will be dealt with according to absenteeism. Sixth, in strict accordance with the provisions of the frequency of work, if there is urgent reshuffle, without prejudice to the normal work situation, one day in advance to apply to the Captain, without consent by unauthorized reshuffle to deal with absenteeism. Seven of the sick leave fraud matter, once found, depending on the circumstances given to deal with absenteeism or removed. Third, the Department of grooming room instrumentation requirements Instrumentation: 1, working hours should be provided for work clothes to wear. 2, work clothes should be clean, straight, in accordance with the provisions of扣好on衣扣, trousers buckle. 3, put on a pocket, pocket fitted to prohibit all sorts of things, in order to maintain and keeps its uniform. Overalls should be repaired if damaged. 4, when the attendants are to go to work wearing a black work shoes, work shoes to keep clean. Wearing socks, asked men and women of deep shallow, socks should be in good condition without damage, are not allowed to wear shoes barefoot. 5, attendants are not allowed to wear during the induction of various accessories such as necklaces, bracelets, earrings, rings and so on. 6, the work should be required to work during the wear plate position in the left chest. 7, after the attendants dress should be self-censorship, and accept only after passing inspection foreman jobs. Appearance: 1, staff should remain clean face, clean hair, beautiful hair, generous. 2 men to stay fat, the latter is not covered collar, side did not cover ears; President to stay fat,垂肩after, the former do not cover eyes. Barber Qin, Qin-xiu surface, ground剪指甲, diligence dressing, washing hands frequently, take a bath. 3, men do not stay mustache, large temples; President does not stay long nails, nail polish is not coated, do not use strong perfume. 4, President of淡妆before induction can not be浓妆艳抹. 5, to maintain oral hygiene does not smell pre foods such as onions, garlic, tofu and so on. 6, smiling, cordial and kind, dignified and stable, neither overbearing nor servile. Deportment: 1, sitting A, body straight, vertical center of gravity down, stood back, shoulders relaxed, feet close together and knees, hand on the laptop. Binocular head-up, with a smile. B, not sit chairs filled (attendants should take two-thirds of the chairs), but not sitting in the edge. C, non-前俯back, legs shaking Rocker feet, can not be cross-leg table in the handrails or. D, in front of their superiors or guests can not hold hands in the chest, can not be二郎腿Rocker can not shake the legs, do not sit半躺half. 2, standing A, chest, crosstraining, freeclimber, the rise of head-up eyes, smiling. B, his arms hang down naturally or in the body before the cross, his left hand on the right hand under the best condition to maintain services. C, when the woman was standing on his feet into "V"-shaped, close to the knees, heels靠紧. Man standing with feet shoulder width. D, can not stand when叉腰, pole bending legs or hands, help desk, wall and so on. E, standing for non-hand fork when the pocket in the clothes can not stretch, get hair and other little tricks. F, standing打拍子feet, not 32 to get together to chat. 3, take the attitude A, head, chest, arms swing naturally down, legs should be straight. Women take the word step, the man walking with the feet parallel. B, are not allowed to摇头晃脑walking, whistling, snacking may not be hand fork pockets. C, walking may not be running, jumping, not the guests through the middle. D, off-off站定, take the initiative to give way and say hello nod. E, walk in the corridor should be on the right hand wall is not allowed. F, three or more scattered to walk in small groups can not peer. May not be walking勾肩搭背, said, laughing, or rough. Fourth, the Department of incentive regulations Rooms (Punishment Ordinance) Verbal warning 1, the regular meeting or work late, leave early. 2, working hours reading books, read the newspaper, eating snacks, drinks, fall asleep. 3, spitting, litter paper, peel and other debris. 4, not at designated employees access channel, through the lobby, main entrance, warming Gallery, in civilian dress to enter the workplace. 5, in violation of the rules and regulations quarters, educators have been criticized. 6, the provisions of the ban on smoking in the smoking area. 7, on duty when listening to music, watching TV, make personal phone calls or chat by phone. 8, the working hours of unauthorized absence from the job, or a string of gang扎堆chat, not good at with instructions to enter the Center Center. 9, the slow distribution of the work of a higher level, delay, work do not have a strong sense of responsibility, carelessness, resulting in the work of errors were minor. 10, on duty in public places or when the appearance is not the whole dress is not required, such as licensing work with distortion, not the entire hair, such as relying on the walls. 11, in the use of all剔牙off, dug ears, scratching, to pull the nose, look in the mirror, make-up, started referring to, whistling, hands pockets, hands叉腰, such as loud hubbub of the move being professional demeanor. 12, service is not active, not passion, not honorific and polite language and not the guests made a positive solution to the requirements of power, caused by dissatisfaction with the guests. 13, staff regulations violations, the presence of management staff is not correct, non-stop, non-performance of the management responsibility of a minor nature. 14, in violation of the provisions of the relevant rules and regulations or department, a minor. 15, in the health inspection, a number of unqualified persons found. Slight fault 1, within one month by two oral警告者. 2, is not reasonable obedience to superior orders, did not complete the task or intention to sabotage the work of their superiors who are impolite words and deeds. 3, the work of sow discord, slander others, to spread the speech is not conducive to unity; the work of the spirit of the lack of coordination and cooperation, with the result that the work be affected. 4, time to fall asleep on duty, dry private live. 5, in violation of various safety rules and working procedures for the operation of norms and rules and regulations. 6, not to subordinate the management of discipline found not stopped, not by the punishment. 7, unauthorized use of passenger amenities or facilities, unauthorized guests turning items. 8, the language vulgar, impolite to the guests, and guests to argue, without consent or authorization into the leadership of the Office of the guests rooms. Small fault 1, by two months to deal with two minor mistakes. 2, work is not serious, not enthusiasm or the leadership of complaints by the guests. 3, authorization to accept guests tips, articles, or have left over items are not timely paid 4, the working hours as well as the impact of the guests shouted rest hubbub. 5, as a result of the mistakes made by individuals affect the work of customer service. 6, contrary to the positions of the working procedures or rules and regulations as well as hidden dangers caused by work. 7, using improper means to interfere with the work of others. 8, unauthorized use of guests of the goods or equipment without the approval of unauthorized use of center equipment. 9, knowing that the loss or loss of property, and turning a blind eye is not reporting. 10, does not provide true and accurate report, form or material. 11, leakage of confidential centers, the Center lost keys, documents and other important items. Major fault 1, within three months by the two in mind to deal with small errors. 2, twice within two months under the leadership of the guests or complaints. . 3, work positions, or dereliction of duty, unauthorized absence from the adverse effects caused by some. 4, mismanagement, resulting in serious losses Center. 5, to work with when drinking or drunkenness. . 6, refused to accept the leadership of the organization of a reasonable work, bad attitude. 7, the work of dereliction of duty caused by power failure, water, parking and other major incidents. 8, other violations of rules and regulations, the circumstances of a serious shortage of dismissal. Dismissed, removed or expelled from the 1, a serious dereliction of duty, corruption, resulting in heavy losses. 2, by the public security organs shall be held criminally accountable. 3, can not do the work, after training or adjustment of status can not be doing the work. V 4, theft or private use Center materials, private room to open. 5, insult, slander, assault, intimidation, threats against colleagues and leading or fighting. 6, alcohol, gambling, the adverse effects caused. 7, do not obey the leadership of the command, the leadership refused to assign a reasonable work, through the Education invalid. 8, deliberate damage to public property. 9, the use of public谋私, corruption, misappropriation of public funds. 10, released to the outside world center slanderous remarks made remarks prejudicial to the reputation of the Center, severely damaged the image center. 11, recorded a major fault or two small errors or warnings shown no apparent repentance. 12, other serious violations of discipline violations. (Award) 1, in the service work, outstanding performance with outstanding performance. 2, put forward some reasonable proposals to improve the quality of service or to contribute to saving energy and reducing consumption. 3, quality service, by the central leadership or guests. 4, a strong sense of responsibility, the timely detection of a variety of hidden dangers and prevent accidents. 5,拾金不昧, won the reputation as the center. 6, solid work hard to unite colleagues, be sure the same. 7, honorable, the protection of the state, collectives and the safety of guests property. 8, who have made outstanding contributions in other areas. V. Housekeeping service standards and disciplinary provisions of 1, obedience to superior management, unity and colleagues, work full emotional, not to The impact of the work for personal reasons 2, work, work to maintain the appearance of a person's own instrument, and maintain the Center clean and quiet and maintain normal private life. 3, working hours is prohibited access to make private telephone calls, meeting with friends or chat is strictly prohibited. 4, in the service area to achieve the "three-light" to speak not only light, light walking, light operation. 5, on the customer service should not be too affectionate, guests can not make up the shoulder. 6, guests can not be asked to "do not know" answer inquiries as far as possible, in the case of improper words and deeds of the guests, not tit-for-tat should be tactfully explained. Adhere to the guests is always right. 7, in the face of the guests may not smoke, eat, read the newspaper, may not be rough foul language; does not mean that the private opinions, do not talk about national issues. 8, the guests have asked or required to be recorded immediately so as not to forget that beyond the terms of reference should be unable to process request to the leadership may not be good at doing that. 9, without the guests agreed that children should not have to play the visitors to avoid unhappy customers; when going out or entertaining guests when their children can not neglect, but not chaos to the food. 10, in front of the guests did not say unnecessary action if not arrogant. 11, does not apply if the guests fall ill or have other anomalies should be reported immediately to avoid accidents. 12, knocked on the door to develop good habits, are not free to enter the guest room, guest room shall be arbitrarily moving luggage items should be in the guest room shall not open the door to close. 13, without a tenant to confirm whether or not the tenant agree that should not be opening the door for others. 14, guests should take the initiative to get out of baggage items found in time and turned over to the return of first time guests.
Third, the development of sichuan hotel (a) strengthen three atmosphere, establish own type of theme hotel internal decoration design, pay attention to the function of material, should pay attention to the function of spirit culture and aesthetic value, with particular emphasis on the style and artistic conception, the atmosphere of the rendering, every detail should elaborate design, let a guest in the layout of the hotel anywhere can experience of theme hotel culture connotation. From the tangible adornment to invisible sound, light and color, such environment can let a guest feel strong cultural atmosphere. Beijing sichuan hotel building exterior with exquisite anaglyph, whole gives a person the sense of of primitive simplicity, the atmosphere by the hotel lobby central l o g o "groups" spelling a flower and fire design, have to "prime", "li" go solo relief, reception of background is containing the "liu2 bei4 ushers in chengdu" gold painted red wood, is the declaration "jing sichuan restaurant hotel fu" and "three site map", etc. The front of of primitive simplicity style is elegant, full of heavy kingdoms culture breath. By the quiet and elegant hotel as background music, music guzheng flows slowly in the hotel lobby, corridor, public areas, make a person relaxed and happy, happy heart tranquil. The author thinks Beijing hotel is lack of sichuan, a word of all - "sweet". Each has his unique flavor, belongs to its theme determine proper flower ornament air smells. Fragrance can edify deepen the customer in the senses, make customer impression subconsciously realize hotel meticulous theme.) (2) with the expansion of profit-making mode, theme hotel according to the following six profit pattern of main business: profit model, property value profit model, brand benefit profit model, property transfer mode profits, management of industrial clusters, profit model output profit pattern. [1] is currently jing sichuan hotel the profit pattern of main business profits for the main mode, namely the hotel sales through the accommodation, catering, entertainment, meeting etc flagship product obtained income. Now in the fierce competition in the market environment, Beijing hotel flagship in sichuan to adjust and ascension basis functions, implementation of professional services, information, and according to the customer's requirements, and realize the humanization solution of high quality products and customer satisfaction, finally realizes the higher profits. Hotel, Considering the current system of sichuan hotel with development, the author thinks that Beijing sichuan in size and more money on a floor, you should consider property value and output management mode. As a kind of property type hotel, the hotel long-term value also become profitable way many investors. Hotel investors consider not only the value of hotel is long-term and steady business income, and more consideration is hotel future appreciation potential. Hotel appreciation potential size under the influence of various factors, including transportation, location and business atmosphere, real estate, people gather appreciation. Many in the business areas of the hotel at the beginning of the construction is considered the hotel property of future appreciation potential. Link to Beijing, it is in the downtown area, adjacent to the superior geographical position, determines its property appreciation potential space. Output management mode profits and refers to the hotel developed to a certain stage, the management idea and the management level has been relatively mature, through to the hotel management group development, its operation and management idea for expansion, the output, significant market leading and demonstration. Successful completion of the business such as 1985 guangzhou garden hotel, has now developed into lingnan international group, many cities in domestic large hotel management, and made great output management efficiency. Beijing sichuan hotel as domestic theme hotel development, management system and experience in the outstanding place, can consider other large cities in China, such as Beijing, Shanghai, and hangzhou executes theme hotel management, on the one hand, can obtain abundant output management of income, on the other hand, it can promote the hotel industry in sichuan's leadership, thus further promote hotel image.
Summary:In the management of modern hotel, humanized management has already become the management idea of the mainstream progressively. Manage in humanization of modern hotels, on one hand want the customer to be satisfied, put emphasis on regarding customer as the centre; On the other hand, should place the staff satisfiedly on the important position, emphasize hotels should based on staff. Propose " the staff are first, the second of customer "'s management idea, that is to say that there are not satisfactory staff, there are no satisfactory guests. This text proposes managing the idea of humanization to introduce to to in the staff's management, reach, realize staff to be satisfied, improve hotel service quality, make customer satisfied, hotel purpose of faster development.
对绍兴市酒店新员工激励机制研究文献综述怎么写？答案如下：对绍兴市酒店新员工激励机制研究文献综述按照你最真实的感受描述出来就可以了。
酒店员工激励因素研究1.激励的定义 激励有激发和鼓励的意思,是管理过程中不可或缺的环节和活动。但激励还没有一个统一的定义,以下是国内外学者对激励的定义作一些探讨。 //.es(1955)认为激励涉及“行为是怎样开端,怎样被赋予活力而激发,怎样延续,怎样导向,怎样终止,亦即在所有一切进行过程中,该有机体是呈现出何种主观反映的”。 Dessler(1976)视激励为人们要求满足某种需要的反应。 俞文钊(1996)认为激励指的是持续激发人的动机的心理过程,透过激励,在某种外部或内部刺激的影响下,使人一直维持在一个兴奋状态中。 王重鸣(2000)认为激励是指推动人朝着一定方向和水平从事某种活动,并在工作中持续努力的动力。 综合以上国内外学者所述,可以给激励下这样一个定义:激励是指通过一定的手段或工具使员工的愿望和需要得到满足,以激发他们的工作积极性,使其发挥主观能动性,从而实现组织目标的过程。2.员工激励因素研究 & Liebman 1990则依激励因素所能满足的需求层次不同,将激励因素分为三大类:物质性报酬、社会型报酬和活动型报酬。物质性报酬包括所有财务型报酬,可满足个人的生存需求,例如奖金、佣金与旅游等;社会型报酬是能满足人际关系和受人尊重的需求,例如表扬、升迁等;活动型报酬是能满足成就感和自我成长的需求,例如竞赛与教育训练等。 & Weeks(1992)采用成对比较法研究业务员对五种激励因素的偏好发现重要性依次为:加薪、晋升、福利、奖励性报酬、表扬。 & Forde & Ferrari(1998)在他们的研究中列举出了18项员工激励因素,并根据赫兹伯格的激励保健理论分为两类:保健因素:包括工作保障、便利的工作时间、工作地位。
abstract] in the modern hotel management, the user-friendly management rose gradually for the mainstream management idea. Modern hotel user-friendly management, on the one hand wants the customer to be satisfied, stressed that take the customer as the center; On the other hand, must satisfy the staff places the key position, stressed that the hotel must take the staff as a book. Proposed “staff first, customer second” the management idea, . does not have satisfaction staff, does not have satisfaction guest. This article suggested that the user-friendly management idea will introduce to staff's management, achieves realizes the staff to be satisfied, improves the hotel grade of service, thus lets the customer be more satisfied, the hotel quicker development goal.
酒店论文参考文献
导语：酒店管理专业注重学生综合素质的培养，主要学习经济管理基础知识、酒店管理基本理论。下面我整理了酒店论文参考文献，欢迎参考借鉴！
[1]白琳.我国主题酒店发展之探微[J].湖南人文科技学院学报.2007(03).
[2]李杰.主题酒店的规划设计--以京川宾馆为例[J].科协论坛(下半月).2008(11).
[3]王晖.主题酒店体验环境设计的模式与策略[J].饭店现代化.2006(08).
[4]琚宾,方振鹏.无言之美蕴涵中国意境的体验美学[J].室内设计与装修.2007(10).
[5]赵小媛,吴亦婷,唐文闻.浅析酒店的规划设计与功能布局[J].企业家天地下半月刊(理论版).2007(07).
[1]汤晓敏,王云着.景观艺术学-景观要素与艺术原理.[M]上海交通大学..
[2]邱林.生态建筑节能设计.[J]中国新技术新产品..
[3]佘美萱,张远文.热带庭园设计大师--马德·维贾亚.[J]中国园林..
[4]尹丽.罗伯特·布雷·马克思的景观世界.[J]文学界(理论版)..
[5]李睿煊,李香会.流动的色彩--巴西着名设计师罗伯特·布雷·马克思及其风景园林作品.[J]中国园林..
[6]梁珍铭；李亚；刘敏；黄璐.东南亚旅游景观形成背景条件及特点分析.[J]对外经贸..
[7]闫莉.浅谈巴厘岛度假酒店园林风格.[J]华中建筑..
[8]陆洪慧.巴厘岛度假村特色建筑及景观设计.[J]规划师..
[9]中国建筑设计研究院编着.建筑师札记.[M]清华大学出版社..
[10]王胜永着.景观建筑.[M]化学工业出版社..
[11]韩慧君.地域风情与建筑的完美结合--巴厘岛旅游休闲度假酒店.[J]建筑技艺.2009.
[12]刘俊着.中国滨海旅游度假区发展及影响因素.[M]科学出版社..
[13]胡婧.热带滨海度假酒店空间模式研究.[D]大连理工大学..
[1]肖平,方豪.国内外医院后勤社会化研究[J].现代医院.2005,5(9):2-5.
[2]薛玉明,周玉珍.加强医院布草管理控制医院感染[J].中外医疗.2009,35:187-189.
[3]李宁,郑洪柱.医院洗衣房的医院感染控制与管理[J].中华医院感染学杂志.2008,18(7):964.
[4]叶小云.不同的.清洗灭菌方法对无菌物品质量影响的研究[J].中国现代护理杂志.2009,15(7):677-678.
[5]湖南省公共用纺织品安全技术规范[S].
[6]柴建军,陈塞涌,赵嘉.医院纺织品洗漆行业欧洲EN14065标准概述[J].中国医院.2007,11(2):79-80.
[7]洗衣有规范粤首个洗衣洗涤业地方te准7月起实施.南方网.
[8]杨停.洗洚服务缺乏质量标准[N].质量&市场.2004,4:27-28.
[9]GB/纺织品织物和服装的专业维护、干洗和湿洗第2部分:使用四氯乙稀干洗和整资时性能试验的程序[S].
[10]GB/纺织品织物和服装的专业维护、干洗和湿洗第3部分:使用烃类溶剂干洗和整资时性能试验的程序[S].
[1]扈健丽.客户关系管理[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2010,45.
[2]胡左浩.客户关系管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2010,35-36.
[3]朱锦秋.建立差异化客户管理服务体系[J].中国石化.2011,09.
[4]杨永恒,王永贵.客户关系管理的内涵、驱动因素及成长维度[J].南开管理评论,2002(2):67-68.
[5]周丽丽.企业客户关系管理现状研究[J].商场现代化,2008(17).
[6]伍来定.酒店服务营销策略[J].江苏商论,2003(11):58.
[7]瞿艳平.国内外客户关系管理理论研究述评与展望[J].财经评论2011(3)111-115.
[8]陈显中,张健.电子商务环境下的企业客户关系管理研究[J].商场现代化,2007,(24).
[9]徐虹,康晓梅,李敏.旅游经济学[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2008,36.
[10]魏丽君.A公司客户关系管理研究[J].当代经理人,2012(6):35.
[11]赵现锋,李然.客户服务差异化营销探析[J].商场现代化,2009,(04).
[12]夏世蟒.数据库与客户关系管理[J]管理信息化,2010(12):35.
[13]王金铎,王金秀.企业经营过程中的客户关系管理[J].经管视线,2011,6:57-58.
语言既是人类社会进行交际的重要工具，又是文化的重要组成部分，语言和文化密不可分。下文是我为大家整理的关于英语语言文化方面论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!
解读酒店英语中的语言文化
摘 要： 酒店服务人员应从与饭店英语相关的中西方文化知识出发，领会文化差异和语言差异，以矫正由于中西文化差异而带来的语言偏差，从而达到学习语言、吸收文化和服务客人的目的。
关键词： 酒店英语 语言文化 文化差异
一、引言
语言与文化密切相关，不同文化习惯的语言不可避免地会发生冲突，而跨文化语言沟通存在于涉外高星酒店服务的各个环节。因此，酒店英语不仅是语言知识的学习，而且是语言文化和交际技能的培训。语言的本质属性不是语言知识而是思维。当一个人不了解该语言所蕴涵的文化时，那必然会发生语用错误。
二、具有本质特性的酒店英语
酒店英语属旅游专业英语范畴，具有专业英语的针对性(pertinence)和服务英语的得体性(decency)。语言标准应为:明晰、通畅、表意得当。如：
Waiter:How would you like with your steak?Rare，medium or well-done?(请问您牛排要几成熟?三成，五成还是七成?)
Guest:Rare，please.(三成。)
通常，rare是“稀少”的意思;medium是“中间”的意思;well-done是“干得好”的意思。而出现在服务员为客人点菜的流程中，它的意思就非常具有专业英语的针对性了。语言学家吕叔湘先生对言语得体有这样的描述:“此时此地此人说此事，这样的说法最好;对另外的人在另外的场合说的还是这件事，这样的说法就不一定最好，就应使用另一种说法。”请看下面这组酒店客人和服务员之间的对话:
Guest:Hi，waiter，you speak beautiful English.
Waiter: Thank you，sir. Welcome to Holiday Inn.
Waiter顺应英语习惯欣然接受，而非按中文习惯去拒绝，说“No，no，My English is not good.”以示谦虚，否则只会使顾客感到莫名其妙，不知所云。由此看出，服务语言的得体性在酒店英语的情境应用中显现得淋漓尽致。
三、文化差异(Cultural Difference)在酒店英语中的体现
文化影响着语言学习的思维方式，因此中英两种语言文化交汇时，必然会发生冲突。语言学家曾指出:“在与外族人交谈时，本族人对于他们在语音和语法方面的错误较宽容。与此相反，违反说话规则被认为是不够礼貌的。因为本族人不大可能认识到社会语言学的相对性。”这种情况又被称之为“社交语用失误”，它主要是指由于文化背景差异，交际时出现语用习惯错误。在酒店服务岗位的英语使用时，中英文化的差异将会给酒店服务中的语言交流带来不便。
(一)招呼(Greeting)用语
按照中国的文化习惯，问候和打招呼时，常爱涉及对方本身，询问的内容显得十分具体。中国人见面打招呼时最喜欢用的口头语如：
“吃饭了吗?”(Have you finished your dinner?)
“上哪儿去?”(Where have you been?)
如果将上面的招呼用语拿来用在老外身上，定会令他们感到丈二和尚摸不着头脑。例如:在酒店，初次见面对一位英美女客人说：“Did you have your lunch?”她会感到非常诧异。因为在他们的文化里，这样打招呼是暗示邀请的意思。这也是酒店英语服务中服务人员要引以为戒的。
与之不同，英语国家人打招呼，通常以天气(weather)、健康状况(health)、体育(sports)或兴趣爱好(interest/hobby)作为话题。如：
What a lovely day!(今天天气真好呀!)
I like hiking，and you?(我喜欢徒步旅行，你呢?)
(二)介绍(Introduction)用语
中国人小学第一节英语课便学了“What’s your name?”这句话。而这句话伴随许多人长大，考过了四、六级，TOEFL，IELTS，但对于它在何种情况下使用却鲜有解释。实际上，英语国家的人在第一次见面时一般先把自己的名字告诉对方，如“I am ...”，对方会自然地说出自己的姓名。因此“I’m ...”这里可以直接译成“请问贵姓?”。即使在填写表格、面谈等场合需要问及姓名时，一般也只说“Your name，please?”或“May I have your name?”如果使用“What’s your name?”会有一种被审问的感觉。一般只有海关人员、警察采用这种问讯句式。因此酒店员工在客人check-in(入住登记)或check-out(办理退房)的时候，一定要注意礼貌而得体的问询，以免冒犯客人。
(三)称赞(compliment)和接受赞扬
在人际交往中，谦虚和低调是中国人崇尚的表达方式，常会用“哪里哪里”、“不行，差远了”来回应别人的夸奖。而西方人则认为实话实说才能友好往来，而会欣然接受来自他人的赞扬。也常用赞美作为交谈的话题，如赞美对方出色的工作等。面对客人的赞美，员工的回答应是:“Thank you.”如：
Guest:You did a good job!
Waitress:Ah，thank you.
(四)关于隐私(privacy)
在中国，初次见面询问对方年龄、婚姻、收入是很自然随意的事情。而倾向自我、独立和自由的英语国家的人，会认为这些内容涉及个人隐私。如：
Are you married?(你结婚了吗?)
What’s your salary?(你的薪水是多少?)
以上内容涉及个人隐私，服务员切忌问及客人此类问题。因此，当酒店员工对入住客人的基本情况不甚了解时，“Is your husband/wife with you?”或“How many children do you have?”这样的问话是不得体的。
(五)搭配词语(phrase)表达
搭配词语指词与词的横向组合关系。搭配是民族文化中约定俗成的，不能用中文的搭配思维去套用到英语里面。在酒店用语中经常用到的如:“红茶”英语为“black tea”，而“black coffee”用汉语表示为“不加糖的咖啡”;“红酒”在英语中是“wine”(不是red wine);而white wine中文也不译成“白酒”。因此在搭配词语运用时，同样要注意词汇表达中的文化内涵。
四、尊重语言文化、提高饭店英语应用能力
世界各民族由于历史渊源、思想方式、生活习性、审美观念、价值理念、宗教信仰等不同，从而产生了文化上的差异。语用能力的提高离不开目标语国家的文化因素，因此要增强文化意识、主动自觉地吸收并融入他人文化环境中。
在培养文化意识(culture consciousness)，理解语言内涵的同时，还应注重不同的文化有着不同的语用原则，注重词汇文化差异、句法文化差异及日常习俗文化差异来强化文化意识，为提高正确语用能力奠定基础。不能视酒店英语为简单的口语交流，必须增强对英语文化背景知识的学习，要树立英汉语言差异意识，懂得英语在不同语境中的应用，即掌握一些文化语用知识。
五、结语
综上所述，酒店服务人员应改掉以往只重视语言本身而忽视语言文化的不合理做法，把文化因素纳入语言之中，用英语进行有效得体的交际。努力培养文化习得意识并使文化的规范与语言技能的培养同步进行。不仅注意语言形式的正确，还要重视语言运用是否恰当。既要有母语和英语两种语言的对比语言学修养，又要有两国比较文化背景学方面的知识，这才是成为国际化酒店具有跨文化意识人才的首要条件。
参考文献：
[1]Denney 著.梁晓波，王才美，刘亚琴译.现代美国饭店经营与管理[M].湖南科技出版社，2001.
[2]鲍伯・里宾斯基著.李正喜译.专业酒水[M].大连理工大学出版社，2002.
[3]许元娜.提高大学生英语学习能力的研究[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报，2009.
[4]刘燕婷.旅游英语情景体验式教学初探[J].淮北职业技术学院学报，2009，(2).
浅析美式英语语言文化特点分析
摘要：美国文化是崇尚自由、平等和自我的文化，其包容性十分强，具有多元化的民族融合性。其核心文化特征是追求人人平等和自我价值的实现。这些文化特征在美式英语文化中有着深刻的体现。文章结合美国文化的产生背景对其语言分析特点进行分析探讨。
关键词：美式英语;语言文化;特点
引言
美国文化是一种非常独特的民族文化。从世界文化的区域和类型来说，美国文化属于西方文化范畴。但与其他西方文化相比，美国文化有着许多迥然不同的地方，它不但有别于与其有着亲缘关系的英国文化。而且有别于它的邻国加拿大和其他欧洲国家的文化。语言与文化的关系是水乳交融、不可分割的。
首先，语言体现了文化。一方面，语言是文化的一部分。根据文化的狭义定义，文化是从社会习得的知识。而语言则是人类对客观事实的认识和感受的反应，属于人类文化的一部分。另一方面，语言是文化的载体。因为语言是人类思维和交流的工具，也是人类形成思想的中介。本文试图从美国英语所反映的移民文化、价值观念、新文化等方面来分析美式英语语言文化的形成特点。
一、美式英语的形成背景
美国英语的形成与发展与美国的移民历史所带来的文化大融合有着密切关系。17世纪初，英国开始在北美进行殖民活动，在北美建立多个殖民地，而在殖民地的通用语言就是英语。之后不断有欧洲人移民到这片大陆上。自殖民地时期，美国英语就在多民族的接触与融合中从异族的语言文化中吸取营养，充实内涵，加快语言的多元化发展，形成美国英语的独特的融合特征。德语、法语、西班牙语、荷兰语和印第安语、黑人语言等移民群体的语言词汇不断渗透到美国人使用的英语里。
另一方面，美国政治、经济、人口结构和社会生活的特殊性，推动了作为社会交际工具的语言美国英语的独立与发展。在词汇、语音和语法结构等方面有别于英国英语的民族语言，美国英语的形成关键在于这个民族在新的社会和生活环境中不拘一格地创造和使用新词。而美国英语中丰富的新词都是出现在普通大众的言谈之中。
由于美国新社会特有的力量和群众性语言占据优势，因此，在美国，语言影响的流程是由下而上发展的。在美国英语中，最贴近生活和最能反映平民要求与社会生活特征的是俚语，俚语是美国英语词汇的主要来源之一。方言和俚语一样分布广泛，来自社会各个阶层，是美国民族语言的生命源泉，既有浓厚的民族文化内涵，又有丰富的表现力和多样性，大量的方言和俚语使得美国英语在较短的时间内区别于英国英语而成为美利坚民族的民族语言。
二、美式英语的语言文化特点
1、个体主义价值观及其在美国英语中的表现
美国文化以个体为本位，个人主义在美国发展到登峰造极的地步，是美国价值观的核心。它的主要内容是通过自力更生达到自我实现。与它联系最紧密的是自由平等竞争。机会均等和个人自由是实现自我价值的基本保障，而竞争是实现个人价值的根本途径。美国人在创造自己文化的同时，也创造了许多表现个人主义的词汇。最有代表性的如：self-absorption(自我专注)、self-limitation(自我制约)、self-cultivate(自我修养)、self-conquest(自我战胜)、self-admiration(自我赞赏)、self-control(自我控制)、self-dependence(自立)、self-reliance(自我依靠)、self-responsibility(自我负责)、self-advancement(自我发展)、self-salesmanship(自我宣传)、self-fulfilling(自我实现)、self-protection(自我保护)等。个体主义价值观特别重视对个人空间和私生活的保护和尊重。"privacy"(隐私)一词在美国人的意识中占有异常重要的位置。无论是在生活空间还是在情感处理上，哪怕是对一个未成年的孩子，都会尊重对方的选择和隐私。
2、美国英语与印第安文化
土著印第安人是美洲大陆最早的定居者，他们的祖先是具有亚洲蒙古人血统的游牧狩猎者，他们于后冰川时代跨过白令海峡来到北美大陆。从美国英语中可以找出许多反映印第安文化的词语。如山川、河流、湖泊等。美国英语吸收了约有2000个左右的印第安词语。
印第安人善于狩猎并拥有种植的技艺，因此很多动物和植物的名称都来自印第安语。如mose(麋)、pecan(美洲核桃)等。美国各州的名称，有一半是来自印第安语。如密苏里州(Missouri)、俄勒冈州(Oregon)、密西根州(Michigan)、马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts)、犹他州(Utah)等。另外，许多与印第安人的部落关系、生活方式、宗教习俗、农作物以及社会机构有关的词也来自印第安语。
3、美国英语使用的通俗化和标新立异的意识
美国人在词语的使用上有通俗化的特点，他们不喜欢咬文嚼字，说话力求形象、易懂。最能体现美国人用词通俗化的是美国俚语。美国俚语是平民百姓的语言，虽通俗形象不矫揉造作，但有些也难免流于粗俗，这些粗俗的俚语不宜登大雅之堂。但有时为了避免语言单调和落入俗套，上流人物甚至总统也敢离径叛道。贵为总统，出言粗俗，无非是想表明自己敢于向常规与正统挑战，在语言表达上突出自己的粗犷个性和创新意识。
汽车文化是美国社会的显著特点，美国人经常借用汽车的商标来比喻其他产品的质量和等级。如，美国Ford汽车公司曾生产一种滞销的Edsel牌汽车，于是，Edlse就常被用来比喻为"彻底失败的产品或人"。
结语
美国英语丰富多彩，反映了美国文化的千姿百态。而且，美国英语的每一个演变都有其社会背景和文化内涵，是与美国社会的发展齐头并进的。它们真实地反映了美国社会的发展历程，是美国各个历史时期社会活动和文化思潮的折射。在美国英语中，不仅蕴藏着美利坚民族特有的传统文化、价值观念和性格特征，而且也突出地体现了语言的时代特征。
参考文献
[1]李正国.从美国地名浅析美式英语来源[J].内蒙古民族大学学报.2007(03)
[2]陈凌.美国文化在英语中的投影[J].广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版).2001(02)
[3]张莉娟.美国英语所反映出的美国文化[J].陕西教育学院学报.2007(01)
酒店主要为游客提供住宿服务、生活服务及设施服务等。一般地说来就是给宾客提供歇宿和饮食的场所。下面学术堂整理了十五个关于酒店的论文题目，供大家进行参考：1、 服务补救情境下星级酒店顾客重购意愿分析2、 浅析体验经济时代的酒店个性化服务创新分析3、 中职学校酒店服务与管理专业实践教学模式4、 提高酒店前厅部对客服务质量对策研究5、 基于网络评价内容分析的张家界高星级酒店餐饮服务质量改进研究6、 基于服务设计方法的智慧酒店用户体验研究7、 靠谱的酒店智能化服务,让客人体验更多神奇8、 酒店智能化服务9、 浅析酒店服务的语言艺术10、 中职酒店服务与管理专业教学改革探索11、 浅谈如何提高酒店餐饮服务质量12、 浅析星级酒店服务质量的制约因素13、 浅谈酒店服务与服务意识——以三亚艾迪逊酒店为例14、 酒店餐饮服务模式转变分析——从标准化到个性化服务15、 服务特性对酒店成功运营的影响因素探析——以香格里拉酒店为例
酒店管理论文是考评学生对所学专业知识综合掌握水平的一种有效方式，但是写作酒店管理论文前，我们要先确定好一个论文的题目，好的题目能起到画龙点睛的作用。下面是我带来的关于酒店管理论文题目的内容，欢迎阅读参考!2017年酒店管理论文题目(一) 1 **湿地旅游资源开发 2 论饭店忠诚顾客的培养 3 徐州汉兵马佣旅游开发分析 4 苏州民俗旅游发展研究 5 微博营销:网络时代旅游景区营销新途径 6 苏州工业园区商务旅游发展状况分析 7 高速铁路对区域旅游的影响——以合福高铁为例 8 酒店管理专业学生的实习管理问题分析及对策研究 9 主题餐厅个性化设计研究 10 大学生旅游行为特征分析 11 中国古典园林旅游解说系统研究--以苏州拙政园为例 12 苏州市导游服务质量研究 13 中式快餐的发展分析——以“老娘舅”为例 14 浅析历史街区开发以无锡惠山历史街区为例 15 浅析城市游憩商业区RBD的发展-以无锡市崇安寺为例 2017年酒店管理论文题目(二) 1 基于SWOT分析的莫泰经济型酒店发展思考 2 浅谈农家乐旅游产业发展-以常山县桃花源农家乐为例 3 浅谈我国低碳旅游的发展 4 浅析苏州旅游电子商务的发展现状及对策 5 我国酒店业绿色营销浅析 6 基于居民态度与行为的历史街区旅游开发——以江阴南门历史风貌区为例 7 虚拟现实和增强现实在虚拟旅游中的应用分析 8 浅析大学生旅游市场开发 9 浅析上海老年旅游市场的开发 10 浅论酒店忠诚顾客的培养 11 厦门鼓浪屿特色家庭旅馆的市场现状和发展策略 12 旅行社在信用管理中存在的问题及对策-以江苏省旅游为例 13 经济型酒店的发展研究-以如家酒店为例 14 浅析可持续发展理论在周庄旅游景区中的运用 15 浅析上海希尔顿酒店客户关系管理策略 16 江南水乡古镇旅游资源开发分析-以昆山锦溪为例 17 酒店如何留住优秀员工 18 主题公园竞争力分析：中华恐龙园个案研究 19 基于居民感知的休闲空间满意度调查-以金鸡湖湖滨大道景观为例 20 旅游节庆策划研究-以周庄国际旅游节为例 2017年酒店管理论文题目(三) 1 历史 文化 街区的开发和保护对策-以无锡清名桥历史文化街区为例 2 旅行社低价恶性竞争的分析与思考 3 我国酒店餐饮营销的策略研究 4 浅析双休日休闲旅游产品的开发 5 现代酒店餐饮竞争策略分析 6 苏州水上旅游的发展思考 7 浅谈苏州古街区旅游文化资源管理——以平江路为例 8 浅析苏州经济型酒店品牌的发展 9 主题公园错位竞争浅析——以苏州乐园为例 10 论旅游景区的开发-以扬州瘦西湖为例 11 常州乡村休闲旅游的发展研究 12 高星级饭店餐饮经营面临的内外压力分析-以苏州为例 13 浅析旅行社 自驾游 的开发 14 浅析移动网络时代旅游景区APP营销策略 15 浅谈中国主题酒店的发展策略 猜你喜欢： 1. 酒店管理论文范文精选 2. 有关酒店管理论文范文 3. 酒店管理毕业论文范本 4. 酒店管理的毕业论文范文 5. 有关酒店管理毕业论文范文
邮箱多少？邮箱发你