英语专业论文3000字中文版

英语专业论文3000字中文版

Published in 1847, WUTHERING HEIGHTS was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural--and author Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when WUTHERING HEIGHTS received a second printing with an introduction by Emily's sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature.
Even so, WUTHERING HEIGHTS continues to divide readers. It is not a pretty love story; rather, it is swirling tale of largely unlikeable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness. It is cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant. And yet--it possesses a grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written.
The novel is told in the form of an extended flashback. After a visit to his strange landlord, a newcomer to the area desires to know the history of the family--which he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights. It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a "Gipsy" child who he named Heathcliff. And Catherine, daughter of the house, found in him the perfect companion: wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she. But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soulmate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station. She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all.
WUTHERING HEIGHTS is a bit difficult to "get into;" the opening chapters are so dark in their portrait of the end result of this obsessive love that they are somewhat off-putting. But they feed into the flow of the work in a remarkable way, setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures in all of literature, a story that circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations. Catherine and Heathcliff are equally remarkable, both vicious and cruel, and yet never able to shed their impossible love no matter how brutally one may wound the other.
As the novel coils further into alcoholism, seduction, and one of the most elaborately imagined plans of revenge it gathers into a ghostly tone: Heathcliff, driven to madness by a woman who is not there but who seems reflected in every part of his world--dragging her corpse from the grave, hearing her calling to him from the moors, escalating his brutality not for the sake of brutality but so that her memory will never fade, so that she may never leave his mind until death itself. Yes, this is madness, insanity, and there is no peace this side of the grave or even beyond.
Many people in the world are trying to find a perfect of these may marry and not know what their new husband or wife is kind of situation often leads to separation or hostility. Other situations may develop between two friends that stem from jealousy, desire for revenge, uncaring parents, etc. Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights displays several characteristics of destructive relationships. Three of these are uncaring parents, marriage without knowing the person, and jealousy.
Uncaring or unsympathizing parents are shown throughout this story to be an element of destructive relationships. Because Heathcliff gained all the attention from Mr. Earnshaw, Hindley became disassociated from his father. This separation continued until after Mr. Earnshaw had r example is between Hindley and Hareton. Hindley became such a drunk and a gambler that he could not properly care for young Hareton. This led to a separation between Hareton and his father as well. One primary example of an uncaring parent is shown between Heathcliff and his son liff did not even want his son for anything except enacting a part of his revenge. This is shown by Linton's fear of Heathcliff and Heathcliff's enmity toward his son. Linton even says "... my father threatened me, and I dread him - I dread him!"(244) to express his feeling about hostility and separation between father and son in this book shows that uncaring parents can cause serious damage in relationships with their children.
This element of destructive behavior may stem from an unhappy marriage in which the husbands or wives don't know each other. This had happened between Isabella and Heathcliff. Isabella did not really know Heathcliff when she married him, but after she had married him she saw that Heathcliff was not a gentleman at all. To declare her feelings she wrote "Is Heathcliff a man? If so, is he mad? And if not, is he a devil? I shan't tell my reasons for making this inquiry; but I beseech you to explain, if you can, what I have married ..."(125). Another example of this is when Catherine married Edgar Linton. Although she had been happy at the beginning of the marriage, she thought having parties all the time was going to be fun. Yet, after a while, she became bored. She also realized that she loved Heathcliff more than Edgar and would always love enlightenment created separation between Edgar and Catherine during the final hours of Cathy's life. An additional marriage which was made that was doomed was the one between Catherine and Linton. Because this was a forced marriage, Cathy had not yet learned all she could about e she did not know until after the marriage that Linton was selfish and inconsiderate, she became distressed and grew isolated in the three failed marriages described in this novel show that knowing the person you will marry is very these marriages took place, jealousy also took a hold in some relationships. One example of this is when Mr. Earnshaw starts to favor Heathcliff over his own son, Hindley. Because of this, Hindley becomes jealous of young Heathcliff and sets out to make Heathcliff's life a nightmare. Hindley's jealousy becomes evident when he says ,"... be damned you beggarly interloper! and wheedle my father out of all he has; only afterwards show him what you are, imp of Satan."(35). Jealousy was also found very notably in the relationship between Heathcliff and Edgar Linton.
The jealousy between them is expressed when Heathcliff and Edgar start a hostile conversation after Cathy's homecoming at Christmas near the beginning of the book. As the story progresses these two become bitter enemies who will not speak to one another. Another relationship which jealousy ruined is the one between Hareton and Linton. These two become jealous of each other over Cathy's affections. This relationship ends as Hareton and Linton hating each other. These relationships show that jealousy can ruin a relationship very quickly.
The housekeeper Ellen Dean, or we can call her Nelly, tells most of the story. She witnesses the life of the three-generations in the two families. She is a good storyteller but we mustn’t believe all of what she said. She always thinks and considers things in a simple way. She couldn’t understand the deep love between Catherine and Heathcliff. She thinks it is a kind of madness. She is a limited narrator. In a certain way, this helps readers to understand Heathcliff better because he has no chance to defend himself. An outsider will see the whole thing more clearly. However, we should pay more attention not to be affect by her opinions and try to find the truth between the lines.
As a main character Catherine is a paradox. She is attracted by Linton but doesn’t love him. She knows that clearly but she marries Linton without listening to the call of her heart. Many critics believe that what makes her marry Linton is only his high social status and wealth. I think this comment is unfair. In fact, she folly thinks to marry Linton will help Heathcliff “to rise and place him out of my brother’s power.” Her decision ruins herself, Heathcliff and the two families. She has to endure serious suffering because she knows clearly she love Heathcliff whole-heartedly but can’t become his wife. She confesses to Nelly her own thoughts: “…I am Heathcliff—he’s always, always in my mind—not as a pleasure, any more than I am always a pleasure to myself—but as my own being…” She loves Heathcliff because he is more like her than herself. His existence is natural to her for they are the same in nature. They could understand each other without obstacles.
Talking about Heathcliff, he is an evil person but I admire him because his love and hate is straight. Everyone has a devil in his heart. The one in Heathcliff’s heart is especially strong. In spite of this, I believe and can read between the lines that Amily Bronte also has her favor to Heathcliff. She wants to tell us evil and love are deeply planted in everyone’s heart and it is human nature.

求助 关于小学英语教育专业的毕业论文3000字左右

小学英语教育存在的若干问题及对策
摘要当前我市小学英语教育存在着教师资源配笠不足、教师整体素质偏低、教学教法相对落后等问题，本文从实
际出发，正确分析我市小学英语教育的现状，并试图从不同层次寻求对策，为提高小学英语教育整体水平提
供参考。
关键词小学英语教育问题对策
中
根据国家教育部新一轮课程改革进程安排，新
课程将于2005年秋在全国范围内全面推行。按照
新的课程标准，小学3年级将开设英语课，3一6年
级英语教学有了目标和内容上的级别要求。《英语
课程标准》对英语教育提出了较高的要求:激发和
培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使学生树立自信心，养
成良好的学习习惯和学习策略，发展自主学习的能
力和合作精神;使学生掌握一定的英语基础知识和
听、说、读、写技能，形成一定的综合语言运用能力;
培养学生观察、记忆、思维、想象能力和创新精神;
帮助学生了解世界和中西方文化的差异，拓展视
野，培养爱国主义精神，形成健康的人生观，为他们
的终身学习和发展打下良好的基础。从学生发展
的角度看，小学英语教育比中学、大学教育更重要，
更关键，因为良好的语言开端将直接影响学生今后
乃至终身正确掌握和使用语言，因此对照新课程标
准，联系当前我市小学英语教育水平现状，找出存
在的问题，研究切实可行的对策和措施，是提高小
学英语教育整体水平迫在眉睫的工作。
一、影响我市小学英语教育中的几个问题
l、地方方言严重影响小学生正确英语发音。
新课程标准对小学英语教育的语言技能教学
提出了“在口语表达中做到发音清楚、语调达意”的
基本要求。虽然普通话教学的要求在我市已经推
行多年，但我市地处闽北山区，在相当多的农村地
区和部分城郊，小学生的课堂用语仍常使用当地方
言，英语与汉语本身在发音上就有着较大的区别，
学生在接受普通话教育的同时接受英语教育，存在
着一定的难度和障碍。而且，我市是地方方言种类
繁多的地区，各地的方言不仅影响了农村地区的学
生英语的正确发音，同样影响着城市的孩子。同
时，多数小学英语教师也受地方方言的影响，自身
的英语语音不准确。
2、小学专业英语教师队伍配置严重不足。
目前我市小学教师明显不足，特别是农村和部
分县市的小学几乎没有，且许多现有的英语教师属
非英语专业或是其他科任教师兼任英语教学，或是
从其他学科“改行”教英语。
3、小学英语教学理念和方法相对落后。
从目前情况来看，我市的许多小学英语教育还
大都停留在传统应试教育的教学理念和方法上，对
英语语言的教学理念和方法还相对落后，一部分教
师不了解语言学习的规律，教学经验不足，不能创
设情景激发学生学习英语的兴趣，只让学生死记硬
背，教学方法单一。教学基本上是照本宣科，重知
识传授，轻能力培养。同时许多教师的教学观念仍
停留在传统的“以教师为中心”的层次上，课堂是教
师一言堂，填鸭式的灌输，忽视语言实践。对小学
英语教学理念的研究和创新不够。
4、小学英语教师的整体素质偏低。
主要表现在几个方面:一是英语专业的水平有
待提高。现有的小学英语教师多为中师、高中毕业
或从其他专业改行，专业基础差，英语语言知识掌
握不够正确、词汇量不足、发音不准等现象比较普
遍，教师的英语口语和交际能力不强，不能用英语
组织课堂教学，大部分教师听力水平较差，难以指
导学生进行听说训练。二是缺乏教育学、心理学理
论知识。相当一部分的教师对教育学、心理学理论
知识不系统，不全面，教学中不能按小学生的心理
特.点和生理要求、认识规律设计教学环节，安排教
学活动。三是动手操作能力差。现有的许多小学
英语教师在这方面存在着很大的欠缺，导致课堂气
氛不活跃，学生厌学英语。四是教师的教研能力
差。许多教师不注重学习教育理论、研究教学现状
和信息动态，不研究总结教学经验，不乐于撰写教
科研论文，更不知道如何从教科研中获取经验和信
息来充实自己。
二、解决我市小学英语教育的荃本对策
提高我市小学英语教育的整体水平，最关键是
要培养一支高素质的小学英语教师队伍。这是一
项长期的系统工程，需要教师、学校、政府等各方面
的努力和付出。笔者认为，可以从以下几个层次寻
求对策:
1、教师要加强自我素质的提高。
小学英语教师应该清楚地看到自身存在的不
足，有针对性地加强英语专业知识和其他有关教学
理论的自我进修，坚持采取读英语书报杂志、听英
语广播等多种形式，不断更新和正确掌握英语知
识，提高教学能力，以《英语课程标准》中“准确把握
新课程标准的理念、目的和内容，运用教育学和心
理学理论，研究语言教学的规律。”、“善于结合实际
教学的需要，灵活地和有创造性地使用教材，对教
材的内容、编排顺序、教学方法等方面进行适当的
取舍和调整”等的要求严格要求自己。
2、学校要创造良好的教师发展环境。
教师的专业发展离不开学校的改革与教研实
践的紧密结合。校本教育对教师的专业发展有着
不可替代的作用，既能适应教师教学和学校改革的
需要，又促进教育理论和教育实践的有效结合。学
校应为教师的反思实践、行动研究、参与课题研究
提供资源和制度支持，及时提供载有学科前沿的读
物给英语教师阅读，扩大他们的知识面。同时，学
校要充分发挥教研组的作用，广泛开展说课交流，
举行各类英语教学教育研讨会，开展“创优课”评选
和“教改实验”等活动，不断促进教师理论与实践相
结合，不断创新，推动教学向纵深方向发展。
3、高师院校要有重点地培养小学英语教师。
世界各国早在20世纪80年代初就取消了中
等师范学校，小学教师必须由师范大专或大专以上
毕业。我国近年来也将高师院校作为小学教师的
摇篮。为此，我市小学输送急需的高素质的小学英
语教师，加快小学英语教师大专化进程。同时，高
师院校要根据新课改要求，在培养小学英语教师方
面做好英语专业和教育理论的课程设置，改革过去
英语教法课的教学内容和教学方法和只注重培养
初中教师的做法，突出小学英语教师的理论与职业
技能的系统培训，着力培养小学英语教师的基本教
学能力、处理教材能力和教研能力。
4、教育等部门要充分发挥职能。
各地教育部门、负责教师继续教育的机构以及
其他有关部门，要按照《英语课程标准》，全面系统
地分析我市小学英语教育的现状，根据各自的职
能，从高师院校的招生、课程设置、教师队伍人事的
合理配置、教师继续教育和培训、小学教师教研目
标要求以及开展素质教育所需经费的安排等各方
面，综合研究和制定出合理有效的小学英语教师的
培养计划，逐步建立起一套多渠道、多形式的培训
网络，统筹安排英语教师的培训工作，全面提高我
市小学英语教师的整体素质。
综上所述，为了适应新课程标准的要求，顺利
开展好我市小学开设英语课程工作，建设一支高素
质的小学英语教师队伍，需要教育行政部门、学校、
教师等各方面都责无旁贷。
参考文献
〔l]英语课程标准(实验稿)【M」.北师大出版社，
Zonl.
〔2」英语课程标准解读(实脸稿)〔M」，北师大出版
社，2001.
【3」刘昌春.农村小学英语师资培训当议【J〕.中国
农村教育，2(X)3(12).
【4」苏仁平.小学英语教师队伍存在的问题与对策
【J].教学实践与研究，2001(12).

商务英语3000字论文怎么写？？

一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题

英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：

1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。

在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。

文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。

比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》）

2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。

普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。

应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。

3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。

二.英语专业毕业论文格式要求

学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。

（一）前置

1．英文封面：由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。

2．目录：由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成，排在英文封面之后另页。

3．中、英文内容摘要：摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论，是一篇完整的短文，可以独立使用，中文摘要一般在200字左右
4关键词：关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索，学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”，这些关键词就是论文的中心词，以显著的字符另起一行，分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。

（二）主体部分

主题部分包括引言（Introduction）、正文(Body)、结论(Conclusion)、参考文献(Bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。

1．引言：主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。

2．正文：论文的正文是核心部分，占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。要求论据充分，论点明确。行文必须实事求是，客观真切，准确完备，合乎逻辑，层次分明，简练可读。正文部分要有分级标题，章、条、款、项的序号编码方法，采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法，论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列，依次从1开始，连续编号，中间用“．”相隔，最末级编号之后不加点。示例：

1．

2．…… 2.1

2.2…… 2.2.1

2.2.2

2.2.3.… 2.2.3.1

3．结论：学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论，它是对正文部分的论述的概述，也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。

4．参考文献：写作学位论文过程中，阅读或运用过某些文献所列出的书目清单，置于正文之后，另页开始。参考文献的著录按原文献语种为原则。

（1）文献目录应另页书写，外文文献排前，中文文献排后。外文文献书名须用斜体。

（2）文献目录一律按作者姓氏汉语拼音或外文字母顺序排列。

（3）每条文献必须顶格写，回行时空两字或五个英语字母。

（4）将各文献的类型代号（即文献英文名的首字母）注明在文献之后：

专著[M] 学位论文[D] 论文集〔C〕 报纸文章〔N〕 期刊文章〔J〕 报告[R]

专利 [P] 专著、论文集的析出文献[A] 其他未说明文件 〔Z〕

电子文献中光盘图书 [M／CD]（MONOGRAPH ON CD）

网上期刊〔J/OL〕（serial online）

5．文内所引文献：要求附夹注，应在引文后加括号注明作者姓名（英文只注姓），出版年和引文页码。若为转引文献，则加quoted in 字样。

例：（王佐良，1982：38）

（Newmark，8：26-33）

6.文献中列出的文献应该与正文中标注的文献一一对应。正文中没有出现的，不应出现在参考文献中。

（三）附录部分

附录包括所有与论文有关的补充材料，如图表或照片等。