电机论文3000字中英文版

电机论文3000字中英文版

Computer aided design of an axial-field PM brushless DC motor for an electric vehicle， Concept of the “KAZ”, the Start of a New Generation in Car Design， Conceptual Design of Hybrid Electric Vehicle for Urban Use in China， Consumer Education - An Essential Element in the Acceptance of the Electric Vehicle， Control and Management Strategies for the Delphi High Power Lithium Battery， Control of a Continuously Operated Pole-Changing Induction Machine， Control of compact hybrid drive consisting of PM motor and planetary transmission CVT，Control of independent rear wheel drives for electric and hybrid vehicles using one neuro-fuzzy controller， Controller-induced parasitic torque ripples in a PM synchronous motor， Coordination of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles， Coupled Electrochemical and Thermal Analysis of Electric-Vehicle Battery Modules， Current Activities of Standardisation in Japan， Current Status Report on U.S. Department of Energy Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Storage R&D Programs， Current-mode control for sensorless BDCM drive with intelligent commutation tuning， DaimlerChrysler EPIC Minivan Powered by Lithium-Ion Batteries， Design and analysis of a new multiphase polygonal-winding permanent-magnet brushless DC machine， Design and development of the 2001 Michigan Tech FutureTruck, a power-split hybrid electric vehicle， Design and development of the 2002 Comell University hybrid electric vehicle， Design and development of the 2002 Michigan Tech FutureTruck, a parallel hybrid electric vehicle， Design and development of the 2002 Penn State University parallel hybrid electric explorer, the Wattmuncher。
翻译
计算机辅助设计轴向场永磁无刷直流电动机的电动车，概念的“哈萨克斯坦” ，开始了新一代车设计，概念设计的混合动力电动车在城市中使用，消费者教育-一个基本要素接受电动车，控制和管理战略，德尔福高功率锂电池，控制不断操作变极异步电机，紧凑的控制组成的混合动力驱动永磁电机和行星传动无级变速器，控制独立后轮驱动的电动和混合动力车使用一个神经模糊控制器，控制器诱导寄生转矩脉动的永磁同步电机，协调收费站的电动车，加上电化学与热分析的电动汽车电池模块，当前的活动标准化在日本，目前状况的报告对美国能源部电力和混合动力电动汽车储能研发项目，电流模式控制传感器无刷直流电动机驱动器与智能折算调整，戴姆勒克莱斯勒史诗休旅本站由锂离子电池，设计与分析新的多相多边形绕组永磁无刷直流电机，设计和发展的2001年密歇根理工FutureTruck ，权力分割混合动力电动汽车，设计和发展的2002年康奈尔大学的混合动力电动汽车，设计和开发的技术在2002年密歇根州FutureTruck ，一个平行式混合动力电动汽车，设计和发展的2002年宾夕法尼亚州立大学并联式混合动力电动Explorer时， Wattmuncher

求关于建筑电气设计的英语论文，汉字不少于3000字，最好带翻译，免费的噢，非常感谢！

Along with the our country economic development rapid development, the lives of the people level unceasing enhancement, the city uses to be day by day anxious, urges the building to face the direction is developing. This kind of high level civil construction repair needed materials and the way also more hasten the diversification, and along with uses electricity the load and coal gas consumption quantity enlarging, proposed to the fire auto-alarm system design is higher, a stricter request. In order to guarantee the people life and property the security, the fire auto-alarm system design has become in the high level civil construction design one of most important design contents. Presently based on the author fire of auto-alarm system design overseeing work in the high level civil building experience, proposed in present national related standard and standard unclear true detail shallow opinion, by for the colleagues to discuss and to point out mistakes.

First, design basis
The fire auto-alarm system design is a specialized very strong technology work, at the same time also has the very strong policy-type. Therefore, first should be clear about the following design basis:
1st, must grasp the architectural design fire protection standard, the system design standard, the equipment manufacture standard, the installment construction approval standard and the administration laws and regulations and so on five big aspects fire laws and regulations, and in practical understanding present country related standard and standard positive word: "Must", "be supposed", "to be suitable", "may" and the reverse side word: "Strictly prohibits", "should not", "not have", "not to be suitable" the meaning.
2nd, must aim at high level civil building function, use and the protection object fire protection rank, earnestly carries out the present national related standard and the standard, earnestly treats the public security fire prevention surveillance department the examination and approval opinion.
Second, fire auto-alarm system equipment establishment
Fire detector establishment
Opens wide either the seal or the stair hall should alone divide the search coverage, and each 2 ~ 3 establish a fire detector.
The first room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against the front room which smoke stair hall comes in handy) and the aisle should distinguish alone to divide the search coverage, specially front the room and the lift well, the scattered stair hall and the aisle are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be easier to gather or to flow, is the personnel disperses which saves goal with the fire prevention, therefore should install the fire detector. Regarding common elevator in front of room although is not the personnel disperses , but this front room and the lift well are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be also easy to gather or to flow, suitably alone divides the search coverage and installs the fire detector.
The electric cable shaft therefore is easy to form pulls out the smoke inflammation the channel; Has when the fire the fire intensity not easily extends along the electric cable burns, for this, "the high level civil construction design fire protection standard" and "the civil construction electricity design standard" separately proposes the detailed specific stipulation in the construction and in the electric wire or on the electric cable shaping. But considered implements specifically the difficulty and the present situation, the electric cable shaft installs the fire detector is extremely essential, and coordinates the shaft the fire protection separation request, each 2 ~ 3 or each level installs.
The elevator machine room should install the fire detector, its elevator is the important vertical transportation vehicle; Its two elevator machine room has has the fire risk; Its three lift well existence essential opens the hole, like the level gate opens between the hole, the air vent, the between permanence opens the hole with the elevator machine room or the pulley and so on; Its four when has the fire, the lift well often becomes the fire intensity spread the channel, is easy to threaten the elevator machine room the facility. Therefore, the elevator machine room establishes the fire detector is necessary, crown of also suitable establishment fire detector lift well.
2nd, the manual fire reports to the police the button establishment
(Including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in view of various floors front room in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, should report to the police the button first choice spot as the establishment manual fire. In addition, the room also should establish the manual fire to the common elevator in front of to report to the police the button.
In the public active place (including hall, hall, dining room, multi-purpose hall and so on) and the main thoroughfare and so on place, the personnel very is all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. Therefore should report to the police the button in these public active places main access establishment manual fires; The manual fire establishes which in the main thoroughfare reports to the police the button to guarantee "to a manual fire which most is close to reports to the police the button distance from a fire protection district any position not to be supposed to be bigger than 30 meters".
3rd, the fire emergency broadcasts the speaker the establishment
The aisle, the hall, the dining room and so on the public place personnel very are all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. Therefore should press in these public places "to a recent speaker distance is not bigger than 25 meters from a fire protection district any spot" and "in the aisle last should not be bigger than 12.5 meters the speaker to the aisle terminal distance" the establishment fire emergency to broadcast the speaker; Next also should establish the fire in the public bathroom place emergency to broadcast the speaker.
The first room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, also has the fire door separation and the sounds of people is confused and noisy, therefore should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker. In front of the common elevator the room also should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker. Disperses the stair hall also is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with the fire prevention, also the sounds of people are confused and noisy, therefore should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker, by favors the fire emergency broadcast to disperse the instruction.
4th, fire alarm installment establishment
The establishment fire emergency broadcast fire auto-alarm system, the author thought also should install the fire alarm installment, but its control procedure should be: The alarm apparatus should confirm after the fire, uses manual or the automatic control mode unification to the fire correlation region transmission warning, stops the alarm apparatus work in the stipulation time, the rapid linkage fire emergency broadcast and broadcasts to the people disperses the instruction.
The fire alarm installment establishment position, the author thought should report to the police the button position with the manual fire to be same, its wall surface installment should for be apart from the ground 1.8 meters highly
5th, fire special use telephone establishment
Installs the fire special use telephone extension telephone, should be located the engine room which related also some people is on duty frequently with the fire linkage control (including fire water plant, spare electricity generation engine room, matches substation, mainly ventilates with air conditioning engine room, discharges fume engine room, fire prevention elevator machine room and other), the fire fighting control system operates the equipment place or the control room, the fire duty officers observation room, the security manages spot and so on public room. Sedan of theater box the fire elevator and in the ordinary elevator all should suppose the special use telephone, requests the elevator machine room and the elevator sedan theater box, the elevator machine room and the fire control room, the elevator sedan theater box and the fire control room and so on three compositions is reliable to speaks the correspondence telephone system. Usually in fire control room; The establishment elevator monitoring demonstration plate (including position indicator, direction indicating lamp, to speaks correspondence telephone, trouble lamp and so on), in order to carries on the necessity to the elevator running status which in the surveillance and the emergency case controls.
Is equipped with the manual fire to report to the police position and so on button, fire hydrant button also should install the fire special use telephone receptacle.
Third, fire linkage control
1st, the fire linkage control should include the control fire pump to open, to stop, also should demonstrate opens pumps the button the position and the fire pump work and the malfunction. When the fire hydrant is equipped with the fire hydrant button, its electric installation work spot also should demonstrate the fire pump the working mode active status (namely establishment fire pump work indicating lamp).
2nd, the fire linkage control should include the control spraying of water and the water atomization fire fighting system opens, stops, also should demonstrate the fire pump the work and the malfunction and the fluent display, reports to the police the valve, the safety signal valve working mode active status. In addition, to the basin, the water tank water level also should carry on the demonstration monitor; In order to prevent the overhaul signal valve is shut down, the author thought should use the belt electric signal the control signal valve by to demonstrate it opens the condition.
3rd, the fire linkage control other controls and the demonstration function, should carry out the present national related standard and the standard specific stipulation.
Fourth, fire auto-alarm system wiring
In order to prevent the fire occurs when the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line severance, causes the fire fighting work to be unable to carry on, creates the bigger economic loss; Also for the suppression electronmagetic interference (for example transformer, electric motor, electric cable and so on) the influence which produces to the fire auto-alarm system. The fire auto-alarm system transmission line and the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line should use the being flame-resistant electric cable, and should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking protection. The fire manual positive governing installment line should use the fireproof electric cable, its electric cable also should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking protection. Uses Ming Fushi, should takes the fire protection protective measures on the metal tube or the enclosed metal , concluding remark
The author rests on the concrete project to implement the experience, elaborated the design basis, fire auto-alarm design actual problem and so on system equipment establishment, fire linkage control and its wiring pulls out some shallow opinions, its goal is enhances the fire auto-alarm system the design quality, discovered early and the notification fire, prevented and reduces the fire to harm, by protects the person and the property safety.

随着我国经济发展快速发展，人民生活的水平不断提高，城市使用是每天着急，敦促建设面临着发展的方向。这种高层次的民间建筑维修所需的材料和方式也更加多样化加快，而且随着使用电力负荷和煤气消费量扩大，提议消防自动报警系统设计较高，更严格的要求。为了保证人民生命和财产的安全，消防自动报警系统的设计已经成为在高级别民间建筑设计的一个最重要的设计内容。目前的基础上撰文火灾自动报警系统设计监督工作的高层次的民间建设的经验，建议在目前国家相关标准和标准不清楚真正详细浅见解，为同事们的讨论，并指出错误。
首先，设计依据
火灾自动报警系统的设计是一家专业非常强的技术工作，同时还具有很强的政策性。因此，首先应明确以下设计依据：
第一，必须紧紧抓住的建筑设计防火标准，该系统的设计标准，标准的设备制造，安装施工审批标准和管理的法律和规章等五大方面的消防法律法规，并在实际了解国家有关本标准和标准积极字： “必须” ， “必须假定” ， “不适合” ， “可能”和反面词： “严格禁止” ， “不应该” ， “没有” ， “不适合“的含义。
第二，必须着眼于高层次的民间建筑的功能，利用和保护对象的防火等级，认真开展本标准和国家有关标准，认真对待公安防火监督部门的审批意见。
其次，火灾自动报警系统设备的建立
建立火灾探测器
要么全打开的印章或楼梯大厅应单独划分搜索范围，每个2 〜 3建立火灾探测器。
第一个房间（包括防前面的烟雾大厅楼梯前室，消防电梯间，消防电梯防前面房间烟雾楼梯大会堂来用场）和过道应区分单独划分搜索范围，特别是前面的房间，以及电梯，分散楼梯大厅和走道都是相互关联的，有时间的火灾烟雾比较容易收集或流动，是人员分散保存目标与防火，因此，应该安装火警探测器。关于共同电梯前室虽然不是人员分散，而且这方面的空间和良好的电梯是相互关联的，有时间的火灾烟雾也很容易被收集或流动，适当地划分为单独的搜索覆盖面和安装消防探测器。
电缆轴因此很容易形成掏出烟炎症渠道，拥有火灾时的火强度不容易延伸沿电缆燃烧，为此， “高级别民间建筑设计防火标准”和“民用建筑电气设计标准“分别提出了详细具体的规定，在建筑和在电线或电缆塑造。但认为具体实施的难度和目前的情况下，电缆竖井安装了火灾探测器是非常必要的，坐标轴的防火分隔要求，每2 〜 3或每一级安装。
电梯机房应安装火灾探测器，它的电梯是重要的垂直交通工具，其两个电梯机房已具有火灾危险性，其存在的三个基本解除以及打开洞，像打开闸门的水平之间的球洞，在气孔，持久的关系打开了洞与电梯机房或滑轮等，其时，有四个火，升降机以及往往成为火灾强度传播渠道，很容易危及电梯机房设施。因此，电梯机房建立了火灾探测器是必要的，也适用于皇冠建立火灾探测器举井。
2 ，手动火警报警按钮建立
（包括防前面的烟雾楼梯大厅鉴于各层前房间前面的房间，消防电梯间，消防电梯防这些烟雾楼梯大会堂派上用场前室）是有火灾时人员驱散节省目标，防火，应立即向警方举报的按钮，首选地点设立手动火警。此外，该室也应建立防火手册的共同电梯前，向警方报案的按钮。
在公共活动场所（包括会堂，礼堂，餐厅，多功能厅等）和主要通道等场所，是所有工作人员非常集中，主要是分散的渠道。因此，应立即向警方举报的按钮，在这些公共活动场所主要通道设立手册火灾;该手册规定的火灾中的主要通道报警按钮，以保证“ ，以手动火警最接近报警按钮距离防火区的任何位置不应该超过30米。 “
第三，消防紧急广播喇叭建立
走道，大厅，餐厅等公共场所的工作人员都非常集中，主要是分散的渠道。因此，应该按这些公共场所的“最近的一项发言距离不超过25米的防火保护区的任何位置”和“在走道上不应大于十二点五米扬声器的过道末端距离”建立消防应急广播喇叭;下一步还应当建立消防在公共浴室的地方紧急广播喇叭。
第一个房间（包括防前面的烟雾大厅楼梯前室，消防电梯间，消防电梯防这些烟雾楼梯大会堂派上用场前室）是有火灾时的人员驱散节省目标与防火，也有分离和防火门的声音，人民的混乱和嘈杂，因此，应建立消防应急广播喇叭。在前面的共同电梯房也应建立消防应急广播喇叭。分散大厅楼梯也已经火灾时的人员驱散节省目标与防火，也是人民的声音和嘈杂的混淆，因此应建立消防应急广播喇叭，由主张消防紧急广播驱散指令。
第四，建立火灾报警装置
建立消防应急广播火灾自动报警系统，笔者认为还应该安装消防报警装置，但它的控制程序应该是：该报警器应确认火灾后，利用手动或自动控制模式统一消防相关区域传输预警，报警器停止工作时间的规定，迅速联系消防应急广播和电视节目，并且分散了人们的指示。
火警警报装置建立的立场，笔者认为应该向警方报案的按钮位置的手动火警是相同的，它的墙面安装应为距地面1.8米高度
第五，消防专用电话设立
安装消防专用电话分机电话，应设机房其中也涉及一些人是在工作地点经常与消防联动控制（包括消防给水设备，备件发电机房，火柴变电站，主要ventilates空调引擎室，排放烟气轮机室，防火电梯机房及其他） ，消防控制系统的经营场所或设备的控制室，消防责任人员观察室，现场的安全管理等公共空间。轿车的影院中消防电梯和普通电梯应假设所有使用的特殊电话，请电梯机房和电梯轿车影院中，电梯机房及消防控制室，电梯轿车影院方块和消防控制室等三个成分是可靠的讲通信电话系统。通常在消防控制室;建立电梯监测演示板（包括位置指示器，显示方向灯，以讲信函电话，麻烦灯等） ，以进行必要的电梯在运行状态的监视和紧急情况下的控制。
配备了手动火警报警位置等按钮，消火栓按钮，还应该安装消防专用电话插座。
第三，消防联动控制
第一，消防联动控制应包括控制消防泵开启，停止，也应表现出的按钮，打开泵的位置和消防泵的工作和故障。当消火栓设有消火栓按钮时，其电气安装工程现场也应表现出的消防泵的工作模式有效状态（即建立消防泵工作表明灯） 。
第二，消防联动控制应包括控制喷洒水和水雾化灭火系统打开，停止，也应表现出的消防泵的工作和故障和流利显示，报警阀，安全信号阀工作模式积极的地位。此外，该盆地，水箱水位也应进行示范监测;为了防止检修信号阀关闭，作者认为应该使用带电信号控制信号阀证明它打开条件。
第三，消防联动控制其他控制和示范作用，应进行本标准和国家有关标准的具体规定。
第四，火灾自动报警系统布线
为了防止火灾发生时，消防控制，通信和警戒线遣散，使灭火工作无法进行，造成了更大的经济损失，也为抑制electronmagetic干扰（例如变压器，电电机，电缆等）的影响而产生的火灾自动报警系统。火灾自动报警系统的输电线路和消防控制，通信和预警线应使用被阻燃电缆，并应使用金属管或封闭式金属线槽保护。消防手册积极理事分期付款行应使用防火电缆，其电缆也应使用金属管或封闭式金属线槽保护。使用明复，应采取防火保护措施的金属管或封闭金属 ，结论备注
作者取决于具体的项目实施经验，阐述了设计依据，火灾自动报警设计和实际问题，以便建立系统设备，消防联动控制及其接线拿出一些肤浅的意见，其目的是增强了火灾自动报警系统的设计质量，早期发现，并通知消防，预防和减少火灾危害，通过保护个人和财产安全。

跪求一篇机电一体化毕业论文要求字数3000以上

机电一体化技术的应用与发展前景
摘要：机电一体化是一种复合技术，是机械技术与微电子技术、信息技术互相渗透的产物，是机电工业发展的必然趋势。文章简述了机电一体化技术的基本结构组成和主要应用领域，并指出其发展趋势。

　　关键词：机械工业；机电一体化；数控；模块化
　　
　　现代科学技术的发展极大地推动了不同学科的交叉与渗透，引起了工程领域的技术改造与革命。在机械工程领域，由于微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展及其向机械工业的渗透所形成的机电一体化，使机械工业的技术结构、产品机构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化，使工业生产由“机械电气化”迈入了“机电一体化”为特征的发展阶段。
　　
　　一、机电一体化的核心技术
　　
　　机电一体化包括软件和硬件两方面技术。硬件是由机械本体、传感器、信息处理单元和驱动单元等部分组成。因此，为加速推进机电一体化的发展，必须从以下几方面着手。
　　（一）机械本体技术
　　机械本体必须从改善性能、减轻质量和提高精度等几方面考虑。现代机械产品一般都是以钢铁材料为主，为了减轻质量除了在结构上加以改进，还应考虑利用非金属复合材料。只有机械本体减轻了重量，才有可能实现驱动系统的小型化，进而在控制方面改善快速响应特性，减少能量消耗，提高效率。
　　（二）传感技术
　　传感器的问题集中在提高可靠性、灵敏度和精确度方面，提高可靠性与防干扰有着直接的关系。为了避免电干扰，目前有采用光纤电缆传感器的趋势。对外部信息传感器来说，目前主要发展非接触型检测技术。
　　（三）信息处理技术
　　机电一体化与微电子学的显著进步、信息处理设备（特别是微型计算机）的普及应用紧密相连。为进一步发展机电一体化，必须提高信息处理设备的可靠性，包括模/数转换设备的可靠性和分时处理的输入输出的可靠性，进而提高处理速度，并解决抗干扰及标准化问题。
　　（四）驱动技术
　　电机作为驱动机构已被广泛采用，但在快速响应和效率等方面还存在一些问题。目前，正在积极发展内部装有编码器的电机以及控制专用组件-传感器-电机三位一体的伺服驱动单元。
　　（五）接口技术
　　为了与计算机进行通信，必须使数据传递的格式标准化、规格化。接口采用同一标准规格不仅有利于信息传递和维修，而且可以简化设计。目前，技术人员正致力于开发低成本、高速串行的接口，来解决信号电缆非接触化、光导纤维以及光藕器的大容量化、小型化、标准化等问题。
　　（六）软件技术
　　软件与硬件必须协调一致地发展。为了减少软件的研制成本，提高生产维修的效率，要逐步推行软件标准化，包括程序标准化、程序模块化、软件程序的固化、推行软件工程等。
　　
　　二、机电一体化技术的主要应用领域
　　
　　（一）数控机床
　　数控机床及相应的数控技术经过40年的发展，在结构、功能、操作和控制精度上都有迅速提高，具体表现在：
　　1、总线式、模块化、紧凑型的结构，即采用多CPU、多主总线的体系结构。
　　2、开放性设计，即硬件体系结构和功能模块具有层次性、兼容性、符合接口标准，能最大限度地提高用户的使用效益。
　　3、WOP技术和智能化。系统能提供面向车间的编程技术和实现二、三维加工过程的动态仿真，并引入在线诊断、模糊控制等智能机制。
　　4、大容量存储器的应用和软件的模块化设计，不仅丰富了数控功能，同时也加强了CNC系统的控制功能。
　　5、能实现多过程、多通道控制，即具有一台机床同时完成多个独立加工任务或控制多台和多种机床的能力，并将刀具破损检测、物料搬运、机械手等控制都集成到系统中去。
　　6、系统的多级网络功能，加强了系统组合及构成复杂加工系统的能力。
　　7、以单板、单片机作为控制机，加上专用芯片及模板组成结构紧凑的数控装置。
　　（二）计算机集成制造系统（CIMS）
　　CIMS的实现不是现有各分散系统的简单组合，而是全局动态最优综合。它打破原有部门之间的界线，以制造为基干来控制“物流”和“信息流”，实现从经营决策、产品开发、生产准备、生产实验到生产经营管理的有机结合。企业集成度的提高可以使各种生产要素之间的配置得到更好的优化，各种生产要素的潜力可以得到更大的发挥。
（三）柔性制造系统（FMS）
　　柔性制造系统是计算机化的制造系统，主要由计算机、数控机床、机器人、料盘、自动搬运小车和自动化仓库等组成。它可以随机地、实时地、按量地按照装配部门的要求，生产其能力范围内的任何工件，特别适于多品种、中小批量、设计更改频繁的离散零件的批量生产。