全球化的论文范文
全球化的论文范文
写作思路:根据题目要求,可以以“经济全球化形势下中国未来发展方向”作为主题,先简略描述“经济全球化”这个概念,之后表达自己对“中国”和“经济全球化”的关系,并且在未来的时间里,会是一个什么走向,中国在全球化中能达到什么效果,正文:
“经济全球化”是一个宽泛的概念,最早是由T莱维于1985年提出的,到目前为止没有一个公认的定义。目前较为流行的关于经济全球化的定义是国际货币基金组织(IMF)的定义,它认为:“经济全球化是指跨国商品与服务贸易及资本流动规模和形式的增加,以及技术的广泛迅速传播使世界各国经济的相互依赖性增强。”
在中国关于经济全球化的定义较为有代表性的是伍贻康的解释,他指出:“经济全球化指的是世界各国、各地区通过密切的经济交往和经济协调;
在经济上相互联系和依存、相互渗透和扩张、相互竞争和制约以发展到很高的程度,形成了世界经济从资源配置、生产到流通和消费的多层次和多方式的交织和融合,使全球经济形成一个不可分割的有机整体。”
经合组织前首席经济学家奥斯特雷认为,经济全球化指生产要素在全球范围内的广泛流动和实现资源配置的过程。中国改革开放20多年来,无论是经济还是政治都取得了举世瞩目的成就。但是我们不能因此而忽视经济全球化带来的挑战。
经济全球化最初是在资本主义国家产生,由跨国集团带到全世界,具有明显的资本主义局限性和经济掠取的特点。“经济全球化”不仅是世界经济发展到一定阶段所产生的必然结果,还是资本主义发达国家为控制世界经济所行使的一种经济手段。
可以看出,“经济全球化”对于发达国家的经济更加有利,对于发展中国家来说弊更多一些。于中国而言,制定相应的趋利避害措施,优化企业管理模式,完善经济结构,以此减小经济全球化带来的不利影响,并且实现中国经济的腾飞。
全球化1.0-2.0-3.0-4.0,800字论文
说全球化 我们先来梳理一下全球化的发展
1.0 开端 1492年美洲地理大发,在美洲抢白银,在中国买东西,在欧洲用。而欧洲占领制高点。一个来回时间两年左右。这是全球化的幼儿期。
2.0 从英国开始到美国达到巅峰 把科学技术 金融 军事力量统一整合。然后强制分工,什么你能干 什么你不能干,什么技术你能发展 什么技术你不能发展。都有了要求。这是全球化的小学阶段
3.0 从美国开始,也就是现在的信息化阶段,自以为统领全局,一切尽在掌握。但暴露出来问题,一览无遗。但也有好处 个人的力量也能轻易地融入全球化浪潮。是金子也将不会被埋没。这是全球化的中学阶段
4.0 正在进行 将从全球开始,从全局出发,信息完全透明。好的就是好 坏的就是坏。直接点对点,不再经过线和面,这使企业和国家处理事件能力更快更好,也对人民大众要求更高。这是全球化的大学阶段
从1.0到4.0 不难看出世界在不断 短平化中,信息不断透明化,服务不断高效满意化,产品不断个性化,时间不断合理运用化,人才不断专业化,家庭不断理性化 企业不断分割化 国家不断全局化 也在不断臃肿化
速求一篇经济全球化的小论文,800到1000字就行了,,谢谢
经济全球化它作为一个不可逆转的历史发展趋势,极大地影响了20 世纪后半期的各国经济乃至世界经济。本文从经济全球化的利与弊两方面来阐述分析。它既给我们带来好处,也让我们面临风险。首先,它为资源在全球范围内的优化配置提供了新的有利条件。各个国家可以发挥自己特有的优势在国际经济交往中实现优势互补,从而在总体上促进世界范围的经济增长。其次,它使得世界市场成为一个不断扩大的统一的整体。各国面对着激烈国际市场竞争,必须努力改善生产经营活动,提高劳动生产率,实现规模生产。这一切都会有效的扩大世界的总产出水平。同时,它也有不利的一面。由于发达资本主义国家在经济发展中占有明显的优势,这就使得南北国家的发展不平衡差距在全球范围内进一步扩大。这充分暴露出全球化给世界经济带来的消极影响。 关键词:经济全球化 正面效应 负面效应 当今的信息革命导致全球化以网络形态跨越各大洲在世界范围内不断地扩展着。有越来越多的国家参与到全球化时代的竞争与合作中,彼此相互依存,它们的经济繁荣、国家生存都日益依赖着这个全球关联的网络。而经济全球化更是全球化整体进程的基础和核心。所谓的经济全球化是指经济发展要素——商品、资本、信息、技术、人力资源在全球范围内的自由流动、组合,进而实现优化配置,以及与此相适应的市场经济运行机制在全球的建立与规范化的过程。 一、经济全球化的正负效应 从某种意义上讲,经济全球化实际上事市场经济规则在全球的扩展,是市场经济的全球化。市场机制从来就有它的两面性,利益和风险并存、机会与挑战同在。而经济全球化放大了市场机制的这两个作用,使其产生乘数效应:一方面,以各种经济资源愈益跨越国界在全球范围内的自由流动和配置为主要特征的经济全球化,使得市场机制产生利益和机会倍增,利用的好,经济发展可能迅速腾飞;另一方面,经济全球化也使得市场机制产生的风险与挑战倍增,全球范围内争夺资源、市场等的竞争更为激烈。从这个角度讲,经济全球化对所有国家都是利弊并存。 从经济全球化的正面效应来看。 首先,它为资源在全球范围内的优化配置提供了新的有利条件。作为全球经济组成部分的各个国家,可以发挥自己特有的优势在国际经济交往中实现优势互补,从而在总体上促进世界范围的经济增长。经济全球化带来了国际分工的大发展、产业的大转移和资本、技术等生产要素的大流动,这对于发展中国家弥补国内资本、技术等要素缺口,发挥后发优势,迅速实现产业演进、技术进步、制度创新,促进经济发展十分有利。在经济全球化过程中,投资和技术转让互相促进,不断加快。跨国公司为了延长技术的生命周期,扩大技术效用以及给自己的技术寻找出路,大大加快了技术转让活动。这种加速转让在客观上有利于发展中国家的技术发展,有利于发展中国家加快产业结构的升级和工业化进程,加速从传统经济向现代经济的转变。此外,经济全球化的加速发展,还加快了发展中国家从发达国家引进外资的进程,有助于弥补发展中国家资本的不足。再有,经济全球化的发展不仅为发展中国家的产品,特别是劳动密集型产品进入世界市场提供了更多的机会,而且也有助于弥补发展中国家市场发育的不足,特别是跨国公司的组织形式,愈来愈突破国家的界限,出现了所谓无边界的企业,从而非常有利于发展中国家引进发达国家先进的管理经验。 其次,经济全球化将促进贸易和投资的自由化。贸易与投资自由化是世界经济全球化的产物又是全球化的强大推动力。正是贸易与投资自由化的加速发展推进了世界经济全球化的进程。反过来,世界经济全球化的发展又要求贸易与投资自由化的进一步完善。世界贸易自由化最重要的内容和核心就在于减少和取消关税壁垒和非关税壁垒。世界贸易组织正式运转后,首次将服务贸易、知识产权和投资等非货物贸易也纳入到多边规则之中,使扩大多边自由化的领域以及扩大国际贸易自由化进程成为世界贸易组织的一个核心职能。此外,投资自由化已经成为当前国际投资发展的主流,不仅是发达国家而且越来越多的发展中国家也积极采取投资自由化措施。一方面大量引进外资,另一方面又积极进行对外投资,从而使世界直接投资额迅速增加,投资活动遍及全球,全球性投资的规范框架和规则也开始形成。 3 第三,经济全球化为世界各国人民提供了选择物美价廉的商品和优质服务的好机会。随着市场全球化的发展,物流将成为国际贸易的主要形式,世界各国人民可根据自己的爱好和消费需要,选择自己需要的商品,那种以各种不同的方式所设置的贸易壁垒和防线将会被逐步取消,那种国家垄断或个人垄断的局面将一去不复返,那种以低劣的质量和服务向消费者漫天要价的情形行将结束。 最后,经济全球化有利于减少国际冲突。在经济全球化过程中,世界上大多数国家都卷入了更深层次的国际分工体系,跨国公司的投资与技术转让活动又把各国的生产经营、销售和研究与开发活动比以往任何时候都更加紧密地联系在一起。由此产生的直接结果就是各国经济相互依赖、相互渗透的程度加深,经济关系的变化必然引起政治领域和国际关系的变化,协商与对话越来越成为当今处理国际关系的主要手段。各国之间加强信任与合作,约束国际冲突或至少降低冲突的激烈程度已渐渐成为发展趋势。有理由相信,随着经济全球化的进一步发展,这种趋势将会越来越加强。 从它的负面效应来看主要有四点。 第一,由于发达资本主义国家在经济发展中占有明显的优势,因此,在经济全球化的进程它们获益也大大超过发展中国家,这就使得南北国家的发展不平衡差距在全球范围内进一步扩大。一方面,国际经济组织世界贸易组织、国际货币基金组织、世界银行等都掌握在发达国家手中,为世界经济运转所制定的各种原则、制度和秩序都是由他们制定的。另一方面,西方发达国家所拥有的经济、技术和管理优势,是发展中国家远不可及的。因而经济全球化中获益最大的当然是社会生产力高度发展的发达国家,而经济和技术相对落后的发展中国家尽管具有一定的中长期利益,但在近期或较长的时间内,是很少或很难受益的,甚至可能受到很大的损害和冲击,如许多民族企业亏损或倒闭等。虽然经济全球化客观上能导致全球物质财富的增加但在市场化的过程中竞争是首要法则它在创造高效率的同时必然导致财富越来越向少数国家或利益集团集中导致贫富差距的扩大。 第二,经济全球化可能加大世界经济发展的波动性。例如,1994 年墨西哥发生的金融危机,1995 年 2 月巴林银行的倒闭,1997 年爆发的东南亚金融危机 4等等,都对世界经济发展造成了巨大的波动和损失。这充分暴露出全球化给世界经济带来的消极影响。经济全球化使各国经济同世界经济的联系更为密切,各国国内经济的稳定将不仅取决于本国国内因素,更大程度上要受到国际因素的巨大影响。随着国际贸易和服务贸易的不断扩大,其他国家尤其是主要贸易伙伴的经济状况如通货膨胀、金融危机等将通过国际经济的传递机制影响到本国。如果本国的经济结构存在某些类似隐患,这些经济波动就不可避免地会在国内出现。即使本国经济不存在问题,也会因为心理因素的作用而使经济发生一定程度的波动。特别是对于发展中国家而言更是如此。因为经济全球化就是金融、贸易与投资的全球化,然而由于发展中国家市场发育不够充分,经济结构比较脆弱,更容易受到外部不利因素的冲击;而且由于发展中国家立法不全,便于投机;再加上发展中国家执法不严,有法不依,从而给“国际游资”留下可乘之机。于是,西方国家的大量游资不时冲击发展中国家的金融市场,甚至引发金融危机,造成如同战争般的破坏。 第三,现行的全球经济运行规则不尽合理,大多有利于发达国家。经济全球化的发展客观上需要用规则去加以规范、约束参与者的行为而规则的制定是以实力为基础的。所谓规则其实就是对利益冲突的一种界定。在经济全球化进程中,由于国际经济组织是由欧美等发达国家操纵,因此经济全球化的游戏规则主要由发达国家来制定。现存的国际经济规则中虽然有些规则考虑到发展中国家的利益,如世界贸易组织的规则,但大部分规则却是由发达国家主导制定的,有些规则还是在发展中国家缺席的情况下制定的。某些产业发展规则是在发展中国家还没有发展该产业的时候制定的,如信息技术产业协议以及劳工标准等。发展中国家一旦发展这些产业就必须遵守他们并未参与制定的规则,并为此而付出代价。此外,尽管发达国家极力倡导经济全球化和贸易自由化,但是各国政府为维护本国利益,仍然实施各种贸易壁垒措施。尤其是非关税壁垒措施,如绿色壁垒、技术壁垒等,这些由发达国家有意制定的贸易标准往往都是发展中国家难以达到的。这些措施客观上阻碍着生产要素在各国间的自由流动,从而使市场导向机制受到很大程度的限制,发展中国家所应得到的机会与利益无从保障。因此,目前经济全球化给世界经济所带来的利益是建立在发展中国家经济利益及政治利益遭受损失的基础之上的。 5 第四,经济全球化必然对民族文化带来一定的冲击。这将使得各个民族的文化特质消长不等、凸显不一。这种现象,不利于文化的发展,更不符合百花齐放、百家争鸣的文化演进原则。文化的形态是多种多样的,有商品文化、制度文化、价值文化、语言文化、科技文化、艺术文化等。随着经济全球化趋势的加快,妨碍资本、技术和产品跨国界流通的障碍一个接一个地被拆除,继之而来的是不同文化、不同价值观、不同生活方式、不同信念的流入。有些在相互冲突和撞击中形成了新质——世界大文化,有些则会改变本民族的生活方式、价值观念和文化特性。 经济全球化在给发达国家带来利益的同时,也带给发展中国家新的发展机遇。“祸兮,福之所倚;福兮,祸之所伏”。发达国家也好,发展中国家也好,只要善于把握机会,就能充分地利用好“经济全球化”给自己带来的各种发展机遇
有关经济全球化的英语作文范文
经济全球化的趋势不可逆转,也正因为如此,我们 英语 作文 写作的范围也受到了一定的拓展。下面我为大家带来经济全球化英语作文,供大家参考!
经济全球化英语作文(一)
Economic globalization benefits the world immensely, especially the prosperity of tourism. As a result,the cultures, languages and customs in the minorities are notmysterious to the world any more, which should be attributed to thepopularity of tourism.
It is a consensus that tourism canstimulate the economic development in a region, since tourism playsan important role in the acceleration of the improvement ofservice, such as transportation, accommodation, catering and othermarginal business. With a view to attracting more tourists, theminority regions have to consider how to improve their image andservice, during the course of which they can have an overall planto promote the status of their region. Nowadays, many people travelfor minority regions to satisfy their curiosity, where they canhave unexpected findings. Furthermore, tourism can strengthenthe interflow of cultures and traditions between the people indifferent regions. Trips to minority countries and regions renderpeople a lot of new cultures and customs, which, presumably, havebeen handed down from old ages and enjoyed very splendid history.
Formerly, people can only get some segments about the minoritiesfrom videos, films and other incomplete descriptions on books. Now,tourists have more opportunities to communicate or even live withthe minority people and acquire first-hand knowledge about them,which provides the researchers with a lot of authentic information.
Admittedly, tourism damages thenatural environment in some minority regions and spoils thepeaceful life of them to some degree due to their frequentactivities in the minority regions, the environment beingdeteriorated in some regions, which is not what we expected. Generally, the popularity of Englishand tourism brings more advantages than damage to the minorityregions, since it has enriched people’s knowledge and widened theirhorizons. But meanwhile, we should be on the alert for the damageto the minority regions and take effective means to tackle theproblems tourism arouses.
经济全球化英语作文(二)
Economic opportunities of globalization on developing countries:
First, economic globalization for developing countries to attract more foreign investment conditions and opportunities. To attract foreign investment scale will no doubt help to solve the problem of shortage of funds in developing countries.
Second, economic globalization for developing countries outside of the capital voted to create a favorable external environment and conditions, so that foreign direct investment scale is continually expanding and growing fast.
Third, economic globalization brought about a worldwide economic and technological development zones and bonded areas and free trade zones and other forms of development of free economic zones.
Fourth, the economic globalization so that the worldwide industrial restructuring was further deepened, the pace of increase. Developing countries can take advantage of this opportunity to follow based on reality and focus on the future of the organic unity and take the initiative to coordinate the worldwide industrial restructuring and upgrading of domestic industries relationship.
Fifth, economic globalization has promoted the development of transnational corporations in developing countries so that in the world market gradually. However, the development trend, as a result of economic globalization for developing countries in the broader field of active participation in international competition opportunities for transnational corporations in developing countries more actively active in the world economic stage of the era just around the corner.
Sixth, the economic globalization has driven the rapid development of international trade. Although developed countries are the biggest beneficiaries of international trade, but developing countries, especially developing countries in Asia also benefited from international trade, its trade volume of world trade accounted for about 20% of the total.
Economic challenges of globalization on developing countries
The challenges posed by economic globalization is tough, developing countries and developed countries brought about by economic globalization to share some interests, but under pressure from economic globalization brought about by the negative effects of even a serious blow to their economies. Economic globalization on developing countries, the challenges are:
First, developing countries in the current process of economic globalization in a disadvantageous position. With the global trade and the global production system of rapid development, as well as multinational corporations and capital expansion of the national economy of developing countries are faced with increasing pressure and the impact of dependence on the developed countries is also increasing . Developed countries to control the international economic system, holds the hands of capital, technology and other advantages, in economic globalization to the majority of developing countries far behind.
Secondly, under the economic globalization of financial globalization in developing countries in promoting economic growth, brought about the financial risks can not be ignored and economic shocks. At present, 24 hours of electronic transactions in the global financial market has taken shape, in order to provide greater facilitation of market transactions, but also for the financial sector has provided many opportunities for speculators. Second, because under the conditions of economic globalization, market forces around the world to strengthen, as well as developed countries, the expansion of large multinational companies, there may be some impact on domestic industries of developing countries, threatening the safety of its domestic market to enable developing countries in economic affairs the relative decline in power.
经济全球化英语作文(三)
Nowadays we can enjoy the same films,fashions,brands,advertisements and TV evident difference between countries is what extent do you think the disadvantages overweight the advantages of this?
Globalization creates conditions for widening international exchanges,strengthening mutual understanding between nations,expanding cultural,educational,and scientific cooperation between nations and countries,enjoying the cultural achievements of people around the world which encourages the process of modernization and the enrichment of national culture.
However,these conditions also create the possible danger of diminishing the national culture with a negative impact on the pre123vation of national h globalization and an open door policy,erroneous concepts and a lowering of ethical standards,a selfish and individualistic lifestyle and harmful cultural products can easily be imported into the present,modern information technology which in the main is controlled by US is hourly and intensively disseminating US ideology,way of life,culture and films across the US food is promoted so that some people consider globalization as global Americanization.
During the process of economic globalization,inequality between developed and developing countries has been increasing and the gap between the rich and the poor has become wider,most of the result of globalization go to assist developed ization does not pose equal interests and risks to all an overwhelming advantage compared to most of the developing countries in terms of finance and the level of science and technology,developed ca123alist countries control the situation of economic globalization.
For these reasons,globalization is a fierce and complicated struggle in both cultural and ideological take the initiative in international economic integration but also have to take the initiative in fighting to keep our distinct culture resisting pro-foreign and cross-bred phenomena,and overcoming the psychology of preferring money over ethical values.
经济全球化英语作文(四)
Globalization`s dual power Globalization has found a significant place in the lives of the people. During the process of globalization, we have made a bridge where ideas and beliefs can cross the borders, and the walls of distrust and the barriers of suspicion between countries have gradually disappeared. Though globalization is seen as a sign of a hopeful future by some, there are others who believe that it can cause a horrible disaster for the world economy. Counties benefit a lot from globalization, especially the developing countries. With it, there is a global market for companies to trade their products which can make the production sector develop rapidly. This gives lots of options to the manufacturers as well. Besides, competition keeps prices relatively low and it can provide a wider range of options for people, to choose from among the products of different nations. In addition, there is a sound flow of money, as a result, inflation is less likely to occur. But the disadvantages brought by globalization cannot be ignored. Globalization is causing Europeans to lose their jobs as work is being swerved to the Asian countries. The cost of labor in the Asian countries
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