svn医学杂志

svn医学杂志

MPA（nonspecific systemic small vessel necrotizing vasculitis SVN），既往亦称显微镜下多发性微小动脉炎（microscopic polyarteritis），现国际通用的病名为显微镜下多发性血管炎（microscopic polyangiitis 非特异性系统性坏死性小血管炎），它是一种较常见的坏死性血管炎，在血管炎性疾病中其发病率仅次于Wegener肉芽肿，有作者认为它是古典微动脉结节病的一个分支，但自1952年Zeek分类起逐渐发现了它的一些新的特征，从而逐步将其作为一个新的疾病种类，特别是1982年Davis等发现抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（Anti-heutrophilic cytoplasmic anti-body，ANCA）后，对这一疾病有了新的认识，1994年Jennette根据坏死性血管炎病人ANCA阳性与否提出了一类新的血管炎-ANCA相关性血管炎，它包括Wegener肉芽肿、显微镜下多发性血管炎和Churg-Strauss综合征，这一概念经国内外众多学者的实验证实而被广泛接受。成为国内外血管炎研究的热门课题，因为据一项英国的研究证实在所有坏死性血管炎病例中50%病人属于ANCA相关性血管炎，国外一些专家已制定出新的诊断标准。
MPA的肺部病变发生率为20%～30%，临床有典型的叁联症：咯血、贫血和胸部X 线片示肺泡出血征象。咯血、贫血是常见症状，甚至可发生致命性的大咯血，同时由于肺部气体交换障碍，病人可发生严重的低氧血症，约12%病人因呼吸衰竭死亡。本病肾脏损害率高且症状严重，肾脏受损的表现要多于肺部表现，约70%有肾功能损害，常合并肾功能衰竭而造成病人死亡，因肾功能衰竭造成的死亡率要高于呼吸衰竭。
显微镜下多发性血管炎的常规治疗为应用免疫抑制剂环磷酰胺+泼尼松，高剂量免疫球蛋白静注（IVIG）治疗是近年来治疗血管炎性疾病的新方法。

中国伟人小时候的故事

1、周恩来

12岁那年，周恩来离开家乡，来到了东北。当时的东北，是帝国主义列强在华争夺的焦点。他在沈阳下了车，前来接他的伯父指着一片繁华、热闹的地方，对他说：“没事可不要到那个地方去玩啊！”“为什么？”

周恩来不解地问。“那是外国租界地，惹出麻烦来可就糟了，没处说理去！”那又是为什么呢？”周恩来打破砂锅问到底。“为什么？中华不振啊！”伯父叹了口气，没有再说什么。

不久，周恩来进了东关模范学校读书。他始终忘不了大伯接他时说的话，经常想：“租界地是什么样的？为什么中国人不能去那儿，而外国人却可以住在那里？这不是中国的土地吗……”一连串的问题使周恩来迷惑不解，好奇心驱使着他，一定要亲自去看个究竟。

一个风和日丽的星期天，周恩来背着大伯，约了一个要好的同学闯进了租界。嘿！这一带果真和别处大不相同：一条条街道灯红酒绿，热闹非凡，街道两旁行走的大多是黄头发、白皮肤、大鼻子的外国人和耀武扬威的巡警。

正当周恩来和同学左顾右盼时，忽然发现巡警局门前围着一群人，正大声吵嚷着什么。他们急忙奔了过去，只见人群中有个衣衫褴褛的妇女正在哭诉着什么，一个大个子洋人则得意扬扬地站在一旁。

一问才知道，这个妇女的亲人被洋人的汽车轧死了，她原指望中国的巡警局能给她撑腰，惩处这个洋人。谁知中国巡警不但不惩处肇事的洋人，反而把她训斥了一通。围观的中国人都紧握着拳头。但是，在外国租界地里，谁又敢怎么样呢？只能劝劝那个不幸的妇女。这时周恩来才真正体会到伯父说的“中华不振”的含义。

从租界地回来以后，同学们常常看到周恩来一个人在沉思，谁也不清楚他究竟在想什么。直到在一次修身课上，听了周恩来的发言才解开了这个谜那天修身课上，魏校长向同学们提出一个问题：“请问诸生为什么而读书？”

同学们踊跃回答。有的说：“为明理而读书。”有的说：“为做官而读书。”也有的说：“为挣钱而读书。”“为吃饭而读书”……周恩来一直静静地坐在那里，没有抢着发言。魏校长注意到了，打手势让大家静下来，点名让他回答。周恩来站了起来，清晰而坚定的回答道：

“为中华之崛起而读书！”魏校长听了为之一振！他怎么也没想到，一个十二三岁的孩子，竟有如此抱负和胸怀！他睁大眼睛又追问了一句：“你再说一遍，为什么而读书？”“为中华之崛起而读书！”

周恩来铿锵有力的话语，博得了魏校长的喝彩：“好哇！为中华之崛起！有志者当效周生啊！哈哈哈！”是的，少年周恩来在那时就已经认识到，中国人要想不受帝国主义欺凌，就要振兴中华。读书，就要以此为目标。

2、毛泽东

“孩儿立志出乡关，学不成名誓不还，埋骨何须桑梓地，人生无处不青山！”这是毛泽东去“东山”前，留给父亲的一首诗。

1910年初秋的一天，毛泽东挑着简单的行李，怀着从未有过的激动心情离开了家乡，离开了养育他17年的韶山冲，心中豪情万丈。临行前，他挥笔改写了日本人的一首诗，夹在父亲每天必看的账本里。就这样，毛泽东踏上了“东山”之路，也踏上了实现志向之路。

3、孙中山

12岁的孙中山，跟着妈妈，第一次乘船漂洋过海，到了檀香山生活。在檀香山当时住着有当地的土著人和移居来的白人、黑人，语言和对话也是五花八门，有华语、英语，还有听不懂的当地人所讲地方语，孙中山从没有拘束感，他求知好学，努力的学习语言和别人交往，在和别人的接触交谈中接受新事物、新知识。

孙先生从小就很懂事，像所有穷孩子一样，自懂事起就开始分担家务劳动，他为了能帮家管好店里的事务，勤苦好学，居然学会了珠算和记帐的办法，也写得一手好字。

当他的哥哥孙眉见他小小年纪就学会记帐就鼓励他做生意时，但他却缠住孙眉说要去读书而不想做生意，哥哥奇怪地询问原因，孙中山坚定地说“我要读书，救国救民！”从此以后，孙中山就向目标前进，奋发图强，成为了中国民主革命的伟大先行者。

4、陈毅

陈毅小时候非常喜欢读书。有一次，他正在看书时，妈妈端来一盘饼和一碗芝麻酱，叫他蘸着吃。陈毅的书桌上有一个大墨盒，因为每天都要用，所以墨盒经常是开着的。

陈毅一边看书，一边吃饼，不知不觉中，竟把饼蘸到墨盒里，一口一口吃得还挺香的。妈妈走进屋里，看到他满嘴都是墨，吃惊地叫起来：“你再吃什么？”

这时，陈毅才发现自己蘸的不是芝麻酱，而是墨水。妈妈一边责怪他，一边心疼得拉他去漱口。陈毅笑着说：“没关系！吃点墨水好啊！我肚子里的‘墨水’还太少了呢！”

5、鲁迅

有一天，鲁迅穿着一件破旧的衣服上理发院去理发。理发师见他穿着很随便，而且看起来很肮脏，觉得他好像是个乞丐，就随随便便地给他剪了头发。理了发后，鲁迅从口袋里胡乱抓了一把钱交给理发师，便头也不回地走了。理发师仔细一数，发现他多给了好多钱，简直乐开了怀。

一个多月后，鲁迅又来理发了。理发师认出他就是上回多给了钱的顾客，因此对他十分客气，很小心地给他理发，还一直问他的意见，直到鲁迅感到满意为止。谁知道付钱时，鲁迅却很认真地把钱数了又数，一个铜板也不多给。

理发师觉得很奇怪，便问他为什么。鲁迅笑着说：“先生，上回你胡乱地给我剪头发，我就胡乱地付钱给你。这次你很认真地给我剪，所以我就很认真地付钱给你！” 理发师听了觉得很惭愧，连忙向鲁迅道歉

紧急：初二英语作文 你要为学校杂志社投稿，写一篇关于如何保持健康的文章。

How to keep healthy (1)
How to keep in healthy is the question that related to everyone,so many people want to know the are some suggestions:first,you should eat as much as fruits and vegetables,second,you must have enough sleep,the last,you should do more for the three points,you have to know the other three points which you should don't do:first,you shouldn't eat too much candles and become too fat,second,don't have too much coffee,the last thing,don'tmake yourself too tired.
In your daily life,pay more attention to these aspects,maybe you can have a healthy life.
How to keep healthy(2)
What is the most important thing in the world? I think it is health.

You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. But if our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.

In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies. I also eat little meat. I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins.

Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.

What’s more, I think friends are an important part of one’s health. Many studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don’t. I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. I like to laugh with my friends.

By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. these things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.
How to keep healthy(3)
As we know, food gives us energy. So first, we must have enough food everyday. And we must also have the right kinds of food. We should eat fresh fruit and vegetables but less meat. We shouldn't eat bad food or drink sour milk. Because they are bad for our body. We should keep the air clean and fresh and keep our bodies ciean.

The second, we should do more exersise. We can piay basketball, soccer and volleyball or swim and skate. Swimming is good for our lungs. Walking is good for our legs, heart, and we must do more exersise.

Now, do you know how to keep healthy? Let's keep our body healthy!
How to keep healthy(4)
Do you want a strong body?Let me tell you how to do.
You should eat lots of fruit and vegetables,and drink lots of boiled should do exercise .You should sleep at least eight in the evening, you shouldn't drink coffee or tea before sleep,you shouldn't eat too many shouln't work or study too hart.
The way can keep your health.
Many students do not have breakfast before they go to 's a quite bad habit and it's bad for your you don't have time to have breakfast but you couldn't learn well in your classes if you don't eat any thing .Keeping in a good health which can help you study well is very important.
自己选择一篇吧！