汉语言文学论文提纲
导语：汉语言专业要求学生有较强的文字运用能力，以及广博的文、史、哲的知识基础。下面是我分享的汉语言文学的论文提纲，欢迎阅读!
汉语言文学论文提纲篇一：
东北方言常用词语的演变
最近，苏州的学者对苏州话从过去到现在的发展进行了比较全面和系统的研究。随着东北经济的发展，生活环境的不断改变，东北话也发生了变化，目前还没有学者介入这一方面的研究。
在与论文指导老师讨论有关东北方言方面的研究成果时，老师的提示给了我灵感。苏州话与普通话的语音差距较大，有的学者对苏州话语音的演变进行归纳。每一个地方方言随着时代的变迁都会发生变化，我身边的东北人由于生活的年代和环境不同，日常用语也有很大地差别。所以我对东北方言常用词语的演变进行一个比较清晰的归类。
论文结构：
目录
摘要每个地方的方言经过历史的洗礼后都会有所变化，东北方言常用词语的使用在30年代、60年代和80后都存在很大不同。一般词语的变化具体表现在：新词的产生和旧词的消亡、词义的演变。东北方言常用词语的演变也可从这几个方面归纳总结出规律。
关键词词义扩大词义缩小消失的词新生的词
一.绪论
东北方言常用词语总述。……2000字
二.词义扩大
30年代老一辈人生活中的词语我们这些80后的人仍然在用，但有很多词语的意义已经不仅仅是老一辈人口中单义的意思了，还包括了随着时代发展而注入的诸多新意。……2000字
三.词义缩小
随着生活习惯的改变，很多词由原本的多义，逐渐演变成现在的单义。……2000字
四.消失的词
事物的消失、生活环境的改变、现象的消失等都会使与之相应的词语退出历史舞台。……2000字
五.新生的词
新生的事物、新的现象很容易带来一批新生的词语。……2000字
六.演变的原因
引起词语发生演变的原因有很多。……1000字
参考文献
汉语言文学论文提纲篇二：
论文题目：唐诗中的色彩服饰词语
隋唐五代时期是汉语词汇发展的重要时期，它上承先秦两汉的古语词，同时又有大量口语词出现，而唐诗能够比较全面的反映唐代的.语言面貌汉语言文学毕业论文提纲汉语言文学毕业论文提纲。唐诗现存近五万首，除了运用古语词和口语词外，还有体现唐诗特点的诗文词。(所谓“诗文词”就是一般用于诗文的词语，在口语中不太用)而诗丈词更多体现的是词的文化意义，其中，色彩服饰词语也属于诗文词汉语言文学。因此，本文将对唐诗中的色彩服饰词语进行系统的整理、分析。在写作过程中，首先通过《全唐诗索引》查出唐诗中的色彩服饰词语，然后对这些词语进行大致的分类，再结合史料、注释对每句诗进行分析，根据词汇的意义和使用情况再分类，最后对色彩服饰词语的使用情况进行归纳。从中我们发现：唐诗中色彩服饰词语大部分指官职，用服饰的色彩表示相应的官阶，但在唐诗中却不那么严格;色彩词与“衣”字的结合能力最强，其次是“袍”、“衫”、“服”;相当一部分色彩服饰词语是使用它的借代义和比喻义;还有一些色彩服饰词表示谦称或美誉汉语言文学毕业论文提纲论文。服饰色彩已成为一种象征符号，而“色彩服饰词语”更成为一种表达感情的工具，且它们是与传统政治文化、生产力水平、民族之间社会经济交往以及宗教信仰密不可分的。
摘要3-4
ABSTRACT4-5
目录5-7
第一章绪论7-9
一、唐诗的语言学研究价值及前人研究概况7-8
二、本文写作的意义8
三、文章结构8-9
第二章唐代服制简介9-14
第三章色彩衣服词语分析14-32
赭衣14
赭袍14
紫衣14-15
紫袍15-16
朱衣16-17
朱袍17-18
朱服18
朱衫18
红衣18-19
红衫19
红袍19
绯衣19-20
绯袍20
绯衫20-21
绛衣21
绛服21-22
茜衣22
茜袍22
茜服22
茜衫22
黄衣22-23
黄衫23
绿衣23-24
绿袍24-25
绿衫25
青衣25-26
青袍26-28
青衫28-30
白衣30
白杉30-32
第四章色彩“绶”(“绂”)分析32-39
朱绶32-33
朱绂33-34
红绶34
赤绶34
赤绂34-35
青绶35
绿绶35-36
艾绶36
紫绶36-37
紫绂37
黄绶37-38
墨绶38-39
结论39-44
注释44-45
参考文献45-47
致谢47
,商务英语语篇,衔接,连贯discourse,business English discourse, cohesion, and coherence.语篇(text／discourse)在不同学者的著述中，有不同的含义，有些语言学家认为，语篇既指书面语言，又指口头语言。有些语言学家认为语篇(text)只指书面语，而用“话语”(discourse)指口语。有些语言学家用“话语”指书面语和口语。威多森用“话语”指书面语。所以，很多人在讲到书面语时用text这一术语，在谈到口语时则用discourse。斯塔布斯认为，话语常常有“口头交流(interactive)”的含义，而语篇则有“非口头交流的独白(noninteractivemonologue)”含义。斯塔布斯还认为，话语有一定的长度，而语篇则可以很短。所以，像Exit(山口处)，No smoking!(禁止吸烟)这样的语言单位是语篇，而不是话语。埃德门德森认为，语篇指不出现在使用场合的语言，而话语则指出现在使用场合的语言。本文采用韩礼德，夸克等人的观点，用discourse／text这一术语既指口语又指书面语。实际上，discourse和text只具有地域色彩差别。美国学者喜欢用discourse，与之相对应的是discourses analysis：欧洲学者喜欢用text这个词与之相对应的是text linguistics，它们指同一内容。 众所周知，语篇(discourse)是语篇分析(discourse analysis)的研究对象。语篇分析作为一门学科是20世纪50年代以后才发展起来的。语篇分析通常指的是对比句子更大的语言单位，如句群、段落等语言单位所作的语言分析，目的在于解释人们如何构造和理解各种连贯的语篇(coherent discourse)。研究语言结构的理论一般分为两大类：语法和语篇分析。前者通常研究单个的、孤立的句子；而后者则研究用于交际(communication)的语篇。语法学研究词的形式、用法和句子各个组成部分及其安排的规律：在语法研究中，句子是最高一层的结构。语篇分析研究比句子更大的语言单位，研究语篇中句子的排列、衔接(cohesion)和连贯(coherence)，是一种超句法分析。 历史悠久的传统语法，本世纪风靡一时的结构语法和近三十年来在语言学理论领域中最引入注目的转换生成语法，对语言的研究都只局限于句子本身及其组成部分，这些学派很少研究句子与句子的关系，也极少讨论句子在比其更人的语言单位中的地位和作用。然而，正如一个单词在不同的句子中可以有不同的意义和不同的句法功能一样，一个句子、句群和段落在不同的语篇和语境中也会有不同的表意作用和交际功能。如果不把句子、句群或段落放到一定的语言环境中去考察，那就无法确定其真正的意义。离开了语言的使用场合、离开了 特定的语言环境，那就很难确定语言单位的交际功能，治言单位也无法充分起到交际的作川。 越来越多的语言学家认识到，语言研究不应局限于句子平面，不应只研究句子结构，而应超 越句子的范围，研究句子、句群和段落在语篇中的作用，研究现实生活中活生生的语言。 衔接（cohesion）和连贯（coherence）是语篇分折（discourse analysis）中的两个重要术语。由 于语言学家们研究语篇的角度不同，他们对这一术语的定义也就不一样。对于衔接与连贯的 关系，目前人们既有一致的看法，也有许多分歧。如何把握衔接与连贯的实质以及二者之间 的关系是语篇分折中一个不容回避的重要问题。以连贯为例，克瑞斯多尔从语篇本身的特征 出发，把连贯定义为一段话语“潜在的功能性联系”（he undetlying functional COnnectedness．）。 而彼多非在对语篇进行形式分析时认为，语篇连贯是语言外的联体在头脑中的映像，如果读 者能够重新构造山一个联系着的、完整的世界映像，那么这段话对读者来说，就是连贯的。 国内的学者一股认为，衔接是词汇和语法方面的手段，是形式的；连贯是用这些手段得到的 效果。在衔接与连贯的关系方面，语言学家们的看法也不一致。例如，韩礼德和哈桑认为， 衔按是创造语篇性的必要但不充分条件，而威多森则认为，衔接既不是连贯的必要条件，也 不是充分条件。 本文从宏观和微观两方面，以会话分拆理论和衔接连贯理论为基础，在对其分析的前 提下，探讨商务英语语篇中的衔接与连贯问题并以此推动语篇分析的研究发展。In different scholars" works, text/discourse has different meanings. Some linguists believe that it refers to both spoken language and written language. Some linguists take text as the written form of language but discourse as the spoken form of it. Other linguists regard discourse as both the spoken and the written forms of language and H. Widdowson takes discourse as written language. So many people want to use text to refer to written language and discourse to spoken language. In 1983, Stubbs thought that discourse always has an oral interactive sense, while text often has non-interactive monologue meaning; discourse has a kind of length while text might be very . Edmondson regards text as a kind of language unit which did not appear on a use occasion, however, discourse as a kind of language unit appearing on a use occasion. In this paper, discourse is to be used to refer to both the spoken and the written forms of English. In fact, the differences between discourse and text are territorial. They are the same in essence. American linguists prefer to use discourse and discourse analysis while European linguists use text and text is well known that discourse is the object of study of discourse analysis. Since 1 950s of the 20th century, discourse analysis has become one of independent subjects. It means analyzing a kind of language unit that is much bigger than a sentence, . sentence groups, paragraphs, etc. It aims at helping people to make up and understand all kinds of coherent are two kinds of theories that dwell upon language structure. One is grammar, the other discourse analysis. The former always deals with single, isolated sentences, while the latter studies discourse in communications. In grammar, a sentence is the largest unit of grammatical structure, while discourse analysis is a super-sentential analysis. It studies sentences" arrangement, cohesion and the traditional grammar and the structural grammar together with the transfermational generative grammar study is limited to the level of sentence and its components. Those grammarians do not adequately take the relations between sentences and their positions and functions in a larger language unit into consideration. However, like individual English words possessing different meanings and functions in different sentences: sentences sentence groups and paragraphs have different connotations and communicative functions in different linguistic contexts. If sentences and sentence groups or paragraphs were not placed in a certain context, then there is no way to identify their real sense. It is difficult to define language units" communicative functions if there were no concrete contexts and occasions. More and more linguists have come to realize thativlanguage study should not be confined at the sentence level. It must go beyond the sentence bounds and study the functions of sentence groups and paragraphs in discourse as well as the vividness of language in real and coherence are two important terms in discourse analysis. Linguists study discourse from different angles. Accordingly they define these two terms in different ways. When speaking of the relations between cohesion and coherence, linguists hold identical and divergent views on them. How to understand the crux of cohesion and coherence is an important question that we cannot evade. By using coherence as an example, Crystal defines it as a piece of discourse with the underlying functional connectedness on the basis of discourse features; Petofi regards it as an image of relatuni in human brains, If readers can match a discourse with a sense so that they can rebuild a connected, completed image, then it is a coherent discourse to them. Scholars in China always take cohesion as lexical and grammatical devices a matter of form. Coherence is an effect of a discourse consisting of these cohesive devices. As for the relations between cohesion and coherence, scholars hold different views on this point【目录】： Acknowledgements3-4 Abstract in Chinese4-6 Abstract in English6-8 PartⅠ Introduction8-11 1．1 Historical Backgrounds8-9 1．2 The Main Contents of Discourse Analysis9-11 Part Ⅱ Discourse and Business English Discourse11-26 2．1 Discourse and Business English Discourse11-13 2．2 Macrostructure of Business English Discourse13-15 2．3 Microstructure of Spoken Business English Discourse15-19 2．4 Micro-structure of Written Business English Discourse19-26 Part Ⅲ Cohesion and Coherence26-38 3．1 The Origins and Development of Cohesion and Coherence26 3．2 Definitions of Cohesion and Coherence26-28 3．3 The Relationship Between Cohesion and Coherence28-34 3．4 Cohesion and Coherence in Business English Discourses34-38 Part Ⅳ Conclusion38-39 Bibliography39-40
问题一：求英语专业毕业论文提纲 我有一个是英语文学方面的.不知道是不是你想要的.这可是我的得意之作.我就是靠这个论文拿了优秀毕业论文的.如果你满意,一定要把我选为最佳哦,谢谢! 题目是:The *** ysis of Symbolic Images in Tony Morrison's Beloved Thesis statement: The paper intends to *** yze the symbolic images in Tony Morrison's Beloved. I. Introduction introduction of the author brief review of symbolid appraisal brief of the paper Origin of Tony Morrison's Symbolic Images production of the work with other works in symbolic images Categories of Symbolic Images in Beloved figures C. Body marks D. Linguistic application Interpreation with Reference to Symbolic Images A. Memory of the past self-recognition Afro-American traditional culture D. Maternal love contribution to Afro-American literature. influence produced by Symbolic Images and its profound meaning. 问题二：英语论文大纲怎么写？ 问他 - - 是.Q .51lunwen . . 英语论文的写作，只有专门的英语论文写作机构，才会完成的更好，更具质量！！ 英语论文的写作,不难。 .. 得到无限的放纵、无拘无束。每天不误正业，上网、淘宝、旅行、聚会……对学业从不关心。终于有一天，与好友看了一场电影《致青春》，才懂得我们已经过了那个可以任意妄为，肆意挥霍青春的时光了，只因，我们的青春所剩无几了。锐减的青春年华，徒增岁月的痕迹，无时无刻不让我们感慨，青春，你都去哪儿了？我们还未曾好好享受，你就消失的无影无踪了。终究是你太单薄，还是我太不珍惜？ 如今的我们过着屈指可数的后青春，踩在青春的尾巴上，因此，每分每秒都十分珍贵，趁着仅剩的青春，为自己拼搏奋斗一次吧！兄弟姐妹们，你们已经没有当年的年纪了，没有了那些可以肆意挥霍的青春岁月，现在的你，是否在听到“十八”二字会流泪，那么足以证明你已到青春迟暮之时，记住，且过且珍惜吧！ 问题三：英语翻译论文提纲怎么写啊？ 我的英语论文就是翻译方面的 但是得看具体的题目是什么 大概的纲应该是这样的Contents Introduction I.主要阐述一下你的题目 以下再分三点具体来说 Summary II. Theoretical Feasibility of……（参考）可以写关于这个命题 理论方面的支持 某某曾提出过的某某理论 III. Practical Feasibility of……（参考）可以写关于这个命题 实践方面的支持 实际中的应用 会有许多例子可以举 Conclusion References 内容也许会有不同 但是大纲和步骤一定就是这样的。 写的差不多 就可以找老师帮忙修改了！！ 问题四：求一篇英语论文提纲范文格式 ？？？ 中华励志网为您提供免费英语论文提纲范文下载，英语论文提纲范文是为考生朋友提供的免费英语论文提纲范文专栏，涵盖了丰富的免费英语论文提纲范文的相关文章。相关英语论文提纲范文范文参考：英语论文提纲范文一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》）2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。 来源于博士论文网 boshilunwen 希望对你有所帮助， 问题五：英语专业毕业论文提纲的格式和内容 选题的基本思路、方法和主要观点 论文写作提纲： I. 引言 II.翻译中的文化“陷阱”现象 习语及委婉语的误译 数字与颜色的误译 典故文化中的误译 III.翻译中文化“陷阱”的原因 地理环境 文化传统 思维模式 价值观念 IV.翻译中文化误译的解决方法 理解中西文化差异性 提高跨文化翻译意识 掌握有效的翻译策略 V.结语 工作进度（以周为单位）：----- 这是大概的思路 格式 本来我想发个word 文档供你参考 可是这里没办法发 就粘贴了大概的格式和思路 主要参考文献------
英语语言学论文提纲
提纲，是一种概括地叙述纲目、要点的`公文。它不把全文的所有内容写出来，只把那些主要内容，提纲挈领式地写出来。以下是我为大家整理英语语言学论文提纲的相关内容，仅供参考，希望能够帮助大家！
I. Introduction
Ⅱ. Euphemism
The Definition of Euphemism
The Features of Euphemism
III.,Pragmatic Failures in English Euphemism
Pragmatic Linguistic Failures
Socio-pragmatic Failures
IV.,The Reasons for the Pragmatic Failure in English Euphemism
The Reasons of Pragmatic Linguistic Failures
The Difference of the Context
The Difference of Expression Patterns
The reasons of Socio-pragmatic failures
The Difference of Customs
The Difference of Social Values
V. The Reflection of Pragmatic Failure in Euphemism
Chapter 1 Gatsby's American Dream and Its Distortion
What is the American Dream
Gatsby's American Dream in Different Phases
Chapter 2 Disillusionment of Gatsby's Distorted Dream
Gatsby's Efforts in Achieving His American Dream
Gatsby's Disillusionment
Chapter 3 New Interpretation of Gatsby's American Dream
The External Factors of the Disillusionment
The Hierarchy System
The Jazz Age
The Internal Factors of the Disillusionment
The Essential Factor of the Disillusionment
Some Hypotheses
The American Dream in the Present Age
Conclusion
This conclusion
F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is a novel that deals with American dreamto a great extent. In a relatively short novel of nine chapters, Fitzgerald tells the tragicstory of Jay Gatsby's quest for the rich and shallow Daisy. Through the first-personnarrator, Nick Carraway, the emptiness of the materialistic American dream isrevealed and the novel ultimately manifests the failure of this American dream.
The American dream concerns politics as in “The Declaration of Independence”,military affairs as in the participation of America in the World War Ⅰ， economy asabout the matter of material success, moral conventions as about spiritual goodnessand religious freedom, literature as reflected in novels, sports as in the principle“competing fairly, openly and aboveboard”, aesthetics as in the appreciation of thebeauty of happiness, and many other fields. It comes from the old colonist's time,through the Westward Expansion, the Independence War, the Civil War, two worldwars, to the present highly developed society and goes on for ever. It is a method ofcommunication in the way that success is used to show off and that the invisibleuntouchable inner virtues and abilities are to be proved to the society in the form ofvisible success. It is a history of struggle in the sense that people take efforts to makewhat is said and what is done meet. It is the emotional and psychological growth ofindividuals as well as material and spiritual growth of the nation.
The Great Gatsby not only expresses the theme of the disillusioned materialisticAmerican dream, it also constantly urged the society to seek a new cultural insightoutlet---the spiritual American dream, which undoubtedly provides a patch to mendthe already distorted and imperfect American dream culture. So the point is to find abalance between the spiritual and the material. We have experienced and willexperience a lot of adventures or frustrations in our life, we constantly face differenttemptations and moral shortcuts, sometimes we may even vacillate, but what makesus persist and keep striving is the right values and solid faiths, thus bringing usspiritual liberation and inner freedom to live a happy life. That is the power of dream.
The roaring twenties of the United States is the ideal setting for Gatsby's story,but it is only the setting. The story itself is as great as ever. To some degree, theAmerican dream in this story is sublimed to a universal sense which breaks thelimitation of time and space. So any research on the novel and its profound meaningof the American dream will never be outdated.
1 Introduction
Significance of the research
Organization of the thesis
2 Literature Review
Researches on monolingual mental lexicon
Definition of mental lexicon
Models of mental lexicon: a developing one
Research methodology of bilingual mental lexicon
Word association paradigm
Word translation task
Cross-language priming paradigm
Theories on bilingual mental lexicon
Weinreich’s three hypotheses: the ancestor of bilingual
mental lexicon models
Paivio’s bilingual dual-coding theory
Kroll & Stewart’s revised hierarchical model
De Groot’s distributed representation model
3 Extended Bilingual Distributed Representation Model
Setting and characteristic of L2 word acquisition
Psychological mechanism of L2 word acquisition
Coactivation pattern: L2 word representation manner
Simultaneous formation of semantic memory and episodic memory
Semantic restructuring in L2 vocabulary development
4 Implications for L2 Word Meaning Acquisition
Unbalanced performance on language comprehension
and production
Receptive vs. productive vocabulary: imbalance on
acquisition difficulty
Positive effect of episodic memory
Negative semantic transfer
Episodic memory: the primary cause of negative semantic transfer
Negative effect of episodic memory
Episodic memory and L2 word meaning acquisition
Applying episodic memory: when and how
Strengthening semantic memory: why and how
5 Conclusion
contents
introduction………………………………………………………………1
common historical background……………………………………1
international………………………………………………………1
national…………………………………………………………1
common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2
rebellion against conventions……………………………………2
beats in literature………………………………………………2
rockers in music circles………………………………………3
ideologies in between……………………………………………4
beatniks were fed up with their government about
the explanations of why things happened……………………4
their same destiny……………………………………………4
beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by
both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5
belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5
beatniks study on chinese buddhism…………………………6
rockers belief in indian buddhism……………………………6
identical lifestyles………………………………………………6
英语专业的毕业论文提纲模板2017
英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板是怎样的呢?英语专业的毕业论文提纲的目的和意义是什么呢?下面是我分享的英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板，欢迎阅读!
一、目的和意义
英语专业的毕业论文写作是完成本科教学计划、实现本科培养目标的重要阶段;是对学生的英语实践技能、英语语言知识、经贸英语知识以及其他相关学科知识、全面素质、研究与创新能力进行检验考核的重要手段;是学生学士学位资格认证的重要依据;是衡量、评估英语专业教学质量与水平的重要内容之一。
二、选题原则
毕业论文选题应从本专业培养目标的要求出发，结合学科发展的动态和研究现状，尽可能使其具有发展与创新的空间，从而有利于巩固和拓宽学生的知识面，有利于对学生进行科研能力基本训练以及独立工作能力的培养。
毕业论文属于研究性论文，讲求一定的学术性，但其要求与目的有别于刊于学术杂志的学术论文，因而为确保学生在教学计划规定的时间内，在教师指导下完成所要求的工作，选题应遵循如下基本原则：
1、选题须符合教学大纲的基本要求和人才培养的基本规格，须体现专业训练的基本内容，须与所学的专业知识相衔接。
2、选题须充分考虑学生的语言能力、知识构成和专业兴趣。
3、选题的类型应多种多样，力求有益于学生综合运用多学科的理论知识与技能，有利于培养学生独立工作的能力。
4、选题须考虑完成的工作量与所需的时间应符合教学计划的要求，内容既要有探索、钻研的余地，又要考虑完成的可能性。工作量原则上应控制在经过努力能够在规定的时间内完成规定任务的范围内，以保证教学任务的完成。
三、类型及基本要求
英语专业毕业论文依据学术性质和类型不同应符合如下要求：
1、语言及语言学研究类论文
就本科毕业论文而言，纯语言研究无论在理论知识的储备上，还是在语料的收集上都有很大难度，不宜提倡。此类论文可以在语言结构(语音、语法、词汇、语篇等)，语言运用(独特的语言现象、语言手段、语言变化等)，语言文化(文化对语言理解、使用和学习的影响等)，两种语言对比等领域进行应用性的研究。应用性研究的重点在于如何运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，做出有参考或应用价值的结论。
2、文学评论类论文
此类论文应建立在对所评述的对象，尤其是文学文本的正确理解、解读的基础上，通过具体、细致、深入的分析与研究提出令人信服的、言之成理的结论。论文的形式可以是作家论、文学思潮或流派论、断代文学史论、文学批评介绍等。文学评论可采用不同的方法进行，如社会历史学的、美学与诗学的，也可以是比较的、文化学的方法。无论哪一种方法，都要求学生运用唯物主义与历史唯物主义的学术思想，要求以中国读者的评论视角与立场，进行具有一定新意的'探讨。
3、翻译研究类论文
此类论文可以是纯理论的研究，或具体翻译技巧的研究，或翻译与文化的关系(或与其他学科的关系)的研究，也可以由学生对名家名译做对比性研究，另加对作品本身的评述，对某一翻译理论或技巧进行阐述。
4、语言教学研究类论文
此类研究属交叉学科的研究，涉及语言学、心理语言学、社会语言学、教育学及教学法等，是一个十分广泛的研究领域。其研究范围包括语言研究(教师语言及学习者语言研究)，教学方法与技巧研究，课堂教学管理策略研究，学生个体差异研究，影响教学效果的外部条件研究，教育技术的使用与开发研究，教材的分析与评估研究，测试与评估研究，素质教育与外语教学等。此类研究无论从选题，还是方法，或是研究的过程以及结论都应具有应用的意义和价值，突出对语言教学的指导意义和作用。
5、经贸方向研究类论文
此类论文可以是经济、金融、财会、国际贸易、贸易法规、现代管理学等相关领域的纯理论或实证性研究，可结合所学相关经贸及管理类课程，运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，作出有参考或应用价值的结论。
四、任务及深度要求
毕业论文的主要内容包括：选题、开题报告、论文提纲、论文撰写、论文答辩等，其具体要求遵照《南京工程学院外语系毕业论文实施方法(试行)》相关规定;论文工作与所学专业知识相关，工作量饱满，满足学生一人一题的要求。论文用英文撰写，具有一定的创新性和应用性，正文篇幅在5，000词以上，参考文献8篇(种)以上。指导教师与学生定期见面，并填写《毕业论文指导记录》。
五、考核办法
毕业论文考核及成绩评定由三部分组成：
1、根据毕业论文撰写过程中学生分析、解决问题能力的表现，论文观点的新颖性，论文结构的合理性，论文论证的逻辑性，英语表达的正确性和地道性，以及学生的工作态度，指导教师给予满分为40分的成绩评定。
2、根据毕业论文的指导思想与方案制订的科学性，论文论据的充分性，论文的创见与突破性，论文的结构、文字表达情况，评阅老师给予满分为20分的成绩评定。
3、根据学生本人对论文工作的总体介绍，毕业论文的质量，答辩中回答问题的正确程度，英语语音、语调的规范性和流畅性，答辩小组给予满分为40分的成绩评定。
六、毕业论文时间分配
序号 内 容 时间(周)
1 完成开题报告及相关参考文献的选定工作 4
2 完成论文初稿的撰写 5
3 完成论文二稿的撰写 2
4 完成论文三稿的撰写并定稿 2
5 毕业论文答辩 1
合 计 14
七、其它说明
外语系毕业论文实行“末位淘汰制”，即综合评定成绩倒数1-3名的学生论文将被判定为不合格，学生无权获得学士学位。
contents
introduction………………………………………………………………1
common historical background……………………………………1
international………………………………………………………1
national…………………………………………………………1
common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2
rebellion against conventions……………………………………2
beats in literature………………………………………………2
rockers in music circles………………………………………3
ideologies in between……………………………………………4
beatniks were fed up with their government about
the explanations of why things happened……………………4
their same destiny……………………………………………4
beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by
both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5
belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5
beatniks study on chinese buddhism…………………………6
rockers belief in indian buddhism……………………………6
identical lifestyles………………………………………………6
bohemian…………………………………………………………7
beats…………………………………………………………7
rockers………………………………………………………7
madness…………………………………………………………8
the beats regarded modern american life as cruel, selfish,
and impersonal that writers and artists were being driven
to madness……………………………………………………8
rockers were mad enough to drive rockniks crazy on
rock circus spot………………………………………………9
self-indulgent……………………………………………………9
drugs…………………………………………………………9
homosexual…………………………………………………10
4. the same conduct……………………………………………………10
beats of satan and angles………………………………………10
rockers' conduct of the two sides………………………………11
conclusion………………………………………………………………13
Why should we write the thesis?
To write a thesis before graduation is a must for every university graduate.
By writing a thesis, we may get some experience and some basic methods for further theoretical study and research and the ability to solve problems.
It is the reflection of a student’s study in college.
Whether a student has such an ability to write a thesis or to solve problems in his/her field is one basis for a unit to accept him/her or not.
How long should we prepare for writing a thesis?One year or so
What do we need when we write a thesis?
Firstly, for English major, most important of all, it is English knowledge and ability that based on your language skills, especially writing skill and grammar knowledge.
Secondly, the way of writing is also important.
A good title, some good ideas to support thesis statement, right language and standard format are what we need.
The language style is something that we should pay much attention to, for example:
Wording: we prefer big word to small one;
Sentence: Long sentences are quite expectable.
How do we write a thesis? How many steps should we follow?
Generally speaking, when we write a thesis, we follow 10 steps:
1. Choose a subject: that is, what you are going to write about. For English major, we may apply:
2. Choose a title/Title a paper;
3. Collect materials for reference in writing;
4. Analyze the collected materials;
5. Sort out the data and arguments;
6. List references;
7. Make up an outline;
8. 1—3 drafts;
9. Proofread;
10. The last version.
What subjects may we choose to write?
English and American Literature
The Practice and Theory of Translation
English Language
English Linguistics
English Grammar
English Phonetics
English Lexicology
English Rhetoric
Language and Culture
ELT Methodology
Teaching English in Middle School
English Teaching Research and Survey
The History of… (All mentioned above)
汉语言文学论文提纲
导语：汉语言专业要求学生有较强的文字运用能力，以及广博的文、史、哲的知识基础。下面是我分享的汉语言文学的论文提纲，欢迎阅读!
汉语言文学论文提纲篇一：
东北方言常用词语的演变
最近，苏州的学者对苏州话从过去到现在的发展进行了比较全面和系统的研究。随着东北经济的发展，生活环境的不断改变，东北话也发生了变化，目前还没有学者介入这一方面的研究。
在与论文指导老师讨论有关东北方言方面的研究成果时，老师的提示给了我灵感。苏州话与普通话的语音差距较大，有的学者对苏州话语音的演变进行归纳。每一个地方方言随着时代的变迁都会发生变化，我身边的东北人由于生活的年代和环境不同，日常用语也有很大地差别。所以我对东北方言常用词语的演变进行一个比较清晰的归类。
论文结构：
目录
摘要每个地方的方言经过历史的洗礼后都会有所变化，东北方言常用词语的使用在30年代、60年代和80后都存在很大不同。一般词语的变化具体表现在：新词的产生和旧词的消亡、词义的演变。东北方言常用词语的演变也可从这几个方面归纳总结出规律。
关键词词义扩大词义缩小消失的词新生的词
一.绪论
东北方言常用词语总述。……2000字
二.词义扩大
30年代老一辈人生活中的词语我们这些80后的人仍然在用，但有很多词语的意义已经不仅仅是老一辈人口中单义的意思了，还包括了随着时代发展而注入的诸多新意。……2000字
三.词义缩小
随着生活习惯的改变，很多词由原本的多义，逐渐演变成现在的单义。……2000字
四.消失的词
事物的消失、生活环境的改变、现象的消失等都会使与之相应的词语退出历史舞台。……2000字
五.新生的词
新生的事物、新的现象很容易带来一批新生的词语。……2000字
六.演变的原因
引起词语发生演变的原因有很多。……1000字
参考文献
汉语言文学论文提纲篇二：
论文题目：唐诗中的色彩服饰词语
隋唐五代时期是汉语词汇发展的重要时期，它上承先秦两汉的古语词，同时又有大量口语词出现，而唐诗能够比较全面的反映唐代的.语言面貌汉语言文学毕业论文提纲汉语言文学毕业论文提纲。唐诗现存近五万首，除了运用古语词和口语词外，还有体现唐诗特点的诗文词。(所谓“诗文词”就是一般用于诗文的词语，在口语中不太用)而诗丈词更多体现的是词的文化意义，其中，色彩服饰词语也属于诗文词汉语言文学。因此，本文将对唐诗中的色彩服饰词语进行系统的整理、分析。在写作过程中，首先通过《全唐诗索引》查出唐诗中的色彩服饰词语，然后对这些词语进行大致的分类，再结合史料、注释对每句诗进行分析，根据词汇的意义和使用情况再分类，最后对色彩服饰词语的使用情况进行归纳。从中我们发现：唐诗中色彩服饰词语大部分指官职，用服饰的色彩表示相应的官阶，但在唐诗中却不那么严格;色彩词与“衣”字的结合能力最强，其次是“袍”、“衫”、“服”;相当一部分色彩服饰词语是使用它的借代义和比喻义;还有一些色彩服饰词表示谦称或美誉汉语言文学毕业论文提纲论文。服饰色彩已成为一种象征符号，而“色彩服饰词语”更成为一种表达感情的工具，且它们是与传统政治文化、生产力水平、民族之间社会经济交往以及宗教信仰密不可分的。
摘要3-4
ABSTRACT4-5
目录5-7
第一章绪论7-9
一、唐诗的语言学研究价值及前人研究概况7-8
二、本文写作的意义8
三、文章结构8-9
第二章唐代服制简介9-14
第三章色彩衣服词语分析14-32
赭衣14
赭袍14
紫衣14-15
紫袍15-16
朱衣16-17
朱袍17-18
朱服18
朱衫18
红衣18-19
红衫19
红袍19
绯衣19-20
绯袍20
绯衫20-21
绛衣21
绛服21-22
茜衣22
茜袍22
茜服22
茜衫22
黄衣22-23
黄衫23
绿衣23-24
绿袍24-25
绿衫25
青衣25-26
青袍26-28
青衫28-30
白衣30
白杉30-32
第四章色彩“绶”(“绂”)分析32-39
朱绶32-33
朱绂33-34
红绶34
赤绶34
赤绂34-35
青绶35
绿绶35-36
艾绶36
紫绶36-37
紫绂37
黄绶37-38
墨绶38-39
结论39-44
注释44-45
参考文献45-47
致谢47
英语毕业论文提纲模板
紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束，毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板，希望能够帮助到大家。
Acknowledgements 4-6
Contents 6-10
List of Figures 10-12
List of Tables 12-20
Abstract 20-22
摘要 23-25
Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32
Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29
Significance of the study 29-30
Organization of the study 30-31
A note on terminology 31-32
Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51
T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35
Defining coherence 32-33
T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42
T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42
T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44
The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47
Training in T/TP 47-49
Summary 49-51
Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70
Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55
Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53
Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54
Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55
Theme and thematic progression 55-70
Theme 56-62
Thematic progression 62-70
Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88
The participants and the educational context 70-73
Background of the participants and the participating school 70
The allocation of participants to the training 70-71
The sample sizes 71-72
The pilot study 72-73
The interventional procedures 73-74
The questionnaire 74-75
The training 75-80
Considerations behind the training 75-76
The training material 76-79
The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80
Data analysis 80-86
Analysis of the writing 80-86
Analysis of the questionnaire 86
Ethical considerations 86-88
Informed consent 86-87
Anonymity 87
Harm 87-88
Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115
Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100
Interpersonal Themes 100-102
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107
Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110
Summary 110-115
Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137
Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126
Interpersonal Themes 126-129
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131
Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132
Summary 132-137
Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155
Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145
Interpersonal Themes 145-147
Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149
Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150
Summary 150-155
Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165
Findings from closed questions 155-160
EEL participants' general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157
EEL participants' perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158
EEL participants' perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159
EEL participants' perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160
Findings from open questions 160-164
The changes that occurred 161-162
The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163
The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163
EEL participants' suggestions for future training 163-164
Summary 164-165
Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195
Findings with regard to research questions 165-187
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181
Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 181-187
Positioning the study within the literature 187-190
T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 187-189
Effects of training on Chinese college students' use of T/TP 189-190
Implications 190-194
Pedagogical implication 190-193
Methodological implication 193-194
Limitations 194-195
Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200
Summary 195-197
Putting everything together 197-199
Suggestions for future work 199-200
Notes 200-202
References 202-214
Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215
Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217
Appendix 3: Training material 217-229
Appendix 4: Teachers' guide to the training 229-237
Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238
Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239
Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239
中文摘要 3-4
ABSTRACT 4
Chapter One Introduction 7-10
Motivation of the present study 7-8
Significance of this study 8
Composition of this thesis 8-10
Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19
Language production 10-14
L1 Production 10-11
L2 Production 11-12
Dimensions of language production 12-14
Theories on oral output 14-15
Skehan’s dual-model system 14
Swain’s Output Hypothesis 14-15
Task Repetition 15-17
Task 15-16
Task repetition 16-17
Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19
CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25
Research justification and questions 19
Hypothesis 19-20
Methods 20-25
Participants 20-21
Material 21
Research design 21-23
Measures 23-25
Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41
Results and Analysis 25-34
Quantitative analysis 25-27
Qualitative analysis 27-34
Discussion 34-41
Fluency 34-36
Complexity 36-38
Accuracy 38-39
interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41
Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44
Conclusion and implication 41-43
Limitations and recommendations 43-44
Acknowledgements 44-45
References 45-49
Appendixes 49-54
A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50
B. The same-content task 50-51
C. The different-content task 51-52
D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53
E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54
F. Sample of writing repetition task 54
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
Research Background
Significance of the Study
Research Goals and Questions
Data Collection and Methodology
Analysis Procedures
Organization of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
Introduction to Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad
Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home
Studies on Personal Statements
Introduction to Personal Statement
Summary
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
An Overview of Attitude System
Affect Resources
Judgment Resources
Social Esteem
Social Sanction
Appreciation Resources
Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Summary
Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies
Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study
References
Acknowledgements
英语专业的毕业论文提纲模板2017
英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板是怎样的呢?英语专业的毕业论文提纲的目的和意义是什么呢?下面是我分享的英语专业的毕业论文提纲的模板，欢迎阅读!
一、目的和意义
英语专业的毕业论文写作是完成本科教学计划、实现本科培养目标的重要阶段;是对学生的英语实践技能、英语语言知识、经贸英语知识以及其他相关学科知识、全面素质、研究与创新能力进行检验考核的重要手段;是学生学士学位资格认证的重要依据;是衡量、评估英语专业教学质量与水平的重要内容之一。
二、选题原则
毕业论文选题应从本专业培养目标的要求出发，结合学科发展的动态和研究现状，尽可能使其具有发展与创新的空间，从而有利于巩固和拓宽学生的知识面，有利于对学生进行科研能力基本训练以及独立工作能力的培养。
毕业论文属于研究性论文，讲求一定的学术性，但其要求与目的有别于刊于学术杂志的学术论文，因而为确保学生在教学计划规定的时间内，在教师指导下完成所要求的工作，选题应遵循如下基本原则：
1、选题须符合教学大纲的基本要求和人才培养的基本规格，须体现专业训练的基本内容，须与所学的专业知识相衔接。
2、选题须充分考虑学生的语言能力、知识构成和专业兴趣。
3、选题的类型应多种多样，力求有益于学生综合运用多学科的理论知识与技能，有利于培养学生独立工作的能力。
4、选题须考虑完成的工作量与所需的时间应符合教学计划的要求，内容既要有探索、钻研的余地，又要考虑完成的可能性。工作量原则上应控制在经过努力能够在规定的时间内完成规定任务的范围内，以保证教学任务的完成。
三、类型及基本要求
英语专业毕业论文依据学术性质和类型不同应符合如下要求：
1、语言及语言学研究类论文
就本科毕业论文而言，纯语言研究无论在理论知识的储备上，还是在语料的收集上都有很大难度，不宜提倡。此类论文可以在语言结构(语音、语法、词汇、语篇等)，语言运用(独特的语言现象、语言手段、语言变化等)，语言文化(文化对语言理解、使用和学习的影响等)，两种语言对比等领域进行应用性的研究。应用性研究的重点在于如何运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，做出有参考或应用价值的结论。
2、文学评论类论文
此类论文应建立在对所评述的对象，尤其是文学文本的正确理解、解读的基础上，通过具体、细致、深入的分析与研究提出令人信服的、言之成理的结论。论文的形式可以是作家论、文学思潮或流派论、断代文学史论、文学批评介绍等。文学评论可采用不同的方法进行，如社会历史学的、美学与诗学的，也可以是比较的、文化学的方法。无论哪一种方法，都要求学生运用唯物主义与历史唯物主义的学术思想，要求以中国读者的评论视角与立场，进行具有一定新意的'探讨。
3、翻译研究类论文
此类论文可以是纯理论的研究，或具体翻译技巧的研究，或翻译与文化的关系(或与其他学科的关系)的研究，也可以由学生对名家名译做对比性研究，另加对作品本身的评述，对某一翻译理论或技巧进行阐述。
4、语言教学研究类论文
此类研究属交叉学科的研究，涉及语言学、心理语言学、社会语言学、教育学及教学法等，是一个十分广泛的研究领域。其研究范围包括语言研究(教师语言及学习者语言研究)，教学方法与技巧研究，课堂教学管理策略研究，学生个体差异研究，影响教学效果的外部条件研究，教育技术的使用与开发研究，教材的分析与评估研究，测试与评估研究，素质教育与外语教学等。此类研究无论从选题，还是方法，或是研究的过程以及结论都应具有应用的意义和价值，突出对语言教学的指导意义和作用。
5、经贸方向研究类论文
此类论文可以是经济、金融、财会、国际贸易、贸易法规、现代管理学等相关领域的纯理论或实证性研究，可结合所学相关经贸及管理类课程，运用现有的知识提出、分析、论证或解决在实践中出现的各种新问题，作出有参考或应用价值的结论。
四、任务及深度要求
毕业论文的主要内容包括：选题、开题报告、论文提纲、论文撰写、论文答辩等，其具体要求遵照《南京工程学院外语系毕业论文实施方法(试行)》相关规定;论文工作与所学专业知识相关，工作量饱满，满足学生一人一题的要求。论文用英文撰写，具有一定的创新性和应用性，正文篇幅在5，000词以上，参考文献8篇(种)以上。指导教师与学生定期见面，并填写《毕业论文指导记录》。
五、考核办法
毕业论文考核及成绩评定由三部分组成：
1、根据毕业论文撰写过程中学生分析、解决问题能力的表现，论文观点的新颖性，论文结构的合理性，论文论证的逻辑性，英语表达的正确性和地道性，以及学生的工作态度，指导教师给予满分为40分的成绩评定。
2、根据毕业论文的指导思想与方案制订的科学性，论文论据的充分性，论文的创见与突破性，论文的结构、文字表达情况，评阅老师给予满分为20分的成绩评定。
3、根据学生本人对论文工作的总体介绍，毕业论文的质量，答辩中回答问题的正确程度，英语语音、语调的规范性和流畅性，答辩小组给予满分为40分的成绩评定。
六、毕业论文时间分配
序号 内 容 时间(周)
1 完成开题报告及相关参考文献的选定工作 4
2 完成论文初稿的撰写 5
3 完成论文二稿的撰写 2
4 完成论文三稿的撰写并定稿 2
5 毕业论文答辩 1
合 计 14
七、其它说明
外语系毕业论文实行“末位淘汰制”，即综合评定成绩倒数1-3名的学生论文将被判定为不合格，学生无权获得学士学位。
contents
introduction………………………………………………………………1
common historical background……………………………………1
international………………………………………………………1
national…………………………………………………………1
common beliefs of beats and rockers……………………………2
rebellion against conventions……………………………………2
beats in literature………………………………………………2
rockers in music circles………………………………………3
ideologies in between……………………………………………4
beatniks were fed up with their government about
the explanations of why things happened……………………4
their same destiny……………………………………………4
beat culture and rock culture were not accepted by
both capitalist and socialist ideologies………………………5
belief in oriental religion…………………………………………5
beatniks study on chinese buddhism…………………………6
rockers belief in indian buddhism……………………………6
identical lifestyles………………………………………………6
bohemian…………………………………………………………7
beats…………………………………………………………7
rockers………………………………………………………7
madness…………………………………………………………8
the beats regarded modern american life as cruel, selfish,
and impersonal that writers and artists were being driven
to madness……………………………………………………8
rockers were mad enough to drive rockniks crazy on
rock circus spot………………………………………………9
self-indulgent……………………………………………………9
drugs…………………………………………………………9
homosexual…………………………………………………10
4. the same conduct……………………………………………………10
beats of satan and angles………………………………………10
rockers' conduct of the two sides………………………………11
conclusion………………………………………………………………13
Why should we write the thesis?
To write a thesis before graduation is a must for every university graduate.
By writing a thesis, we may get some experience and some basic methods for further theoretical study and research and the ability to solve problems.
It is the reflection of a student’s study in college.
Whether a student has such an ability to write a thesis or to solve problems in his/her field is one basis for a unit to accept him/her or not.
How long should we prepare for writing a thesis?One year or so
What do we need when we write a thesis?
Firstly, for English major, most important of all, it is English knowledge and ability that based on your language skills, especially writing skill and grammar knowledge.
Secondly, the way of writing is also important.
A good title, some good ideas to support thesis statement, right language and standard format are what we need.
The language style is something that we should pay much attention to, for example:
Wording: we prefer big word to small one;
Sentence: Long sentences are quite expectable.
How do we write a thesis? How many steps should we follow?
Generally speaking, when we write a thesis, we follow 10 steps:
1. Choose a subject: that is, what you are going to write about. For English major, we may apply:
2. Choose a title/Title a paper;
3. Collect materials for reference in writing;
4. Analyze the collected materials;
5. Sort out the data and arguments;
6. List references;
7. Make up an outline;
8. 1—3 drafts;
9. Proofread;
10. The last version.
What subjects may we choose to write?
English and American Literature
The Practice and Theory of Translation
English Language
English Linguistics
English Grammar
English Phonetics
English Lexicology
English Rhetoric
Language and Culture
ELT Methodology
Teaching English in Middle School
English Teaching Research and Survey
The History of… (All mentioned above)
问题一：求英语专业毕业论文提纲 我有一个是英语文学方面的.不知道是不是你想要的.这可是我的得意之作.我就是靠这个论文拿了优秀毕业论文的.如果你满意,一定要把我选为最佳哦,谢谢! 题目是:The *** ysis of Symbolic Images in Tony Morrison's Beloved Thesis statement: The paper intends to *** yze the symbolic images in Tony Morrison's Beloved. I. Introduction introduction of the author brief review of symbolid appraisal brief of the paper Origin of Tony Morrison's Symbolic Images production of the work with other works in symbolic images Categories of Symbolic Images in Beloved figures C. Body marks D. Linguistic application Interpreation with Reference to Symbolic Images A. Memory of the past self-recognition Afro-American traditional culture D. Maternal love contribution to Afro-American literature. influence produced by Symbolic Images and its profound meaning. 问题二：英语论文大纲怎么写？ 问他 - - 是.Q .51lunwen . . 英语论文的写作，只有专门的英语论文写作机构，才会完成的更好，更具质量！！ 英语论文的写作,不难。 .. 得到无限的放纵、无拘无束。每天不误正业，上网、淘宝、旅行、聚会……对学业从不关心。终于有一天，与好友看了一场电影《致青春》，才懂得我们已经过了那个可以任意妄为，肆意挥霍青春的时光了，只因，我们的青春所剩无几了。锐减的青春年华，徒增岁月的痕迹，无时无刻不让我们感慨，青春，你都去哪儿了？我们还未曾好好享受，你就消失的无影无踪了。终究是你太单薄，还是我太不珍惜？ 如今的我们过着屈指可数的后青春，踩在青春的尾巴上，因此，每分每秒都十分珍贵，趁着仅剩的青春，为自己拼搏奋斗一次吧！兄弟姐妹们，你们已经没有当年的年纪了，没有了那些可以肆意挥霍的青春岁月，现在的你，是否在听到“十八”二字会流泪，那么足以证明你已到青春迟暮之时，记住，且过且珍惜吧！ 问题三：英语翻译论文提纲怎么写啊？ 我的英语论文就是翻译方面的 但是得看具体的题目是什么 大概的纲应该是这样的Contents Introduction I.主要阐述一下你的题目 以下再分三点具体来说 Summary II. Theoretical Feasibility of……（参考）可以写关于这个命题 理论方面的支持 某某曾提出过的某某理论 III. Practical Feasibility of……（参考）可以写关于这个命题 实践方面的支持 实际中的应用 会有许多例子可以举 Conclusion References 内容也许会有不同 但是大纲和步骤一定就是这样的。 写的差不多 就可以找老师帮忙修改了！！ 问题四：求一篇英语论文提纲范文格式 ？？？ 中华励志网为您提供免费英语论文提纲范文下载，英语论文提纲范文是为考生朋友提供的免费英语论文提纲范文专栏，涵盖了丰富的免费英语论文提纲范文的相关文章。相关英语论文提纲范文范文参考：英语论文提纲范文一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》）2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。 来源于博士论文网 boshilunwen 希望对你有所帮助， 问题五：英语专业毕业论文提纲的格式和内容 选题的基本思路、方法和主要观点 论文写作提纲： I. 引言 II.翻译中的文化“陷阱”现象 习语及委婉语的误译 数字与颜色的误译 典故文化中的误译 III.翻译中文化“陷阱”的原因 地理环境 文化传统 思维模式 价值观念 IV.翻译中文化误译的解决方法 理解中西文化差异性 提高跨文化翻译意识 掌握有效的翻译策略 V.结语 工作进度（以周为单位）：----- 这是大概的思路 格式 本来我想发个word 文档供你参考 可是这里没办法发 就粘贴了大概的格式和思路 主要参考文献------
毕业论文提纲范文 编写提纲的步骤： （一）确定论文提要，再加进材料，形成全文的概要 论文提要是内容提纲的雏型。 一般书、教学参考书都有反映全书内容的提要，以便读者一翻提要就知道书的大概内容。我们写论文也需要先写出论文提要。 在执笔前把论文的题目和大标题、小标题列出来，再把选用的材料 *** 去，就形成了论文内容的提要。 （二）原稿纸页数的分配 写好毕业论文的提要之后，要根据论文的内容考虑篇幅的长短，文章的各个部分，大体上要写多少字。 如计划写20页原稿纸（每页300字）的论文，考虑序论用1页，本论用17页，结论用1—2页。本论部分再进行分配，如本论共有四项，可以第一项3—4页，第二项用4—5页，第三项3—4页，第四项6—7页。有这样的分配，便于资料的配备和安排，写作能更有计划。毕业论文的长短一般规定为5000—6000字，因为过短，问题很难讲透，而作为毕业论文也不宜过长，这是一般大专、本科学生的理论基础、实践经验所决定的。 （三）编写提纲 论文提纲可分为简单提纲和详细提纲两种。简单提纲是高度概括的，只提示论文的要点，如何展开则不涉及。 这种提纲虽然简单，但由于它是经过深思熟虑构成的，写作时能顺利进行。没有这种准备，边想边写很难顺利地写下去。 以《关于培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的思考》为例，简单提纲可以写成下面这样： 一、序论 二、本论 （一）培育建筑劳动力市场的前提条件 （二）目前建筑劳动力市场的基本现状 （三）培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的对策 三、结论 详细提纲，是把论文的主要论点和展开部分较为详细地列出来。如果在写作之前准备了详细提纲，那么，执笔时就能更顺利。 下面仍以《关于培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的思考》为例，介绍详细提纲的写法： 一、序论 1.提出中心论题； 2，说明写作意图。 二、本论 （一）培育建筑劳动力市场的前提条件 1.市场经济体制的确立，为建筑劳动力市场的产生创造了宏观环境； 2.建筑产品市场的形成，对建筑劳动力市场的培育提出了现实的要求； 3.城乡体制改革的深化，为建筑劳动力市场的形成提供了可靠的保证； 4.建筑劳动力市场的建立，是建筑行业用工特殊性的内在要求。 （二）目前建筑劳动力市场的基本现状 1.供大于求的买方市场； 2，有市无场的隐形市场； 3.易进难出的畸形市场； 4，交易无序的自发市场。 （三）培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的对策 1.统一思想认识，变自发交易为自觉调控； 2.加快建章立制，变无序交易为规范交易； 3.健全市场网络，变隐形交易为有形交易； 4.调整经营结构，变个别流动为队伍流动； 5，深化用工改革，变单向流动为双向流动。 三、结论 1，概述当前的建筑劳动力市场形势和我们的任务； 2.呼应开头的序言。 上面所说的简单提纲和详细提纲都是论文的骨架和要点，选择哪一种，要根据作者的需要。 如果考虑周到，调查详细，用简单提纲问题不是很大；但如果考虑粗疏，调查不周，则必须用详细提纲，否则，很难写出合格的毕业论文。总之，在动手撰写毕业'论文之前拟好提纲，写起来就会方便得多。 三、毕业论文提纲的拟定 如何落笔拟定毕业论文提纲呢？首先要把握拟定毕业论文提纲的原则，为此要掌握如下四个方面： （一）要有全局观念，从整体出发去检查每一部分在论文中所占的地位和作用。看看各部分的比例分配是否恰当，篇幅的长短是否合适，每一部分能否为中心论点服务。 比如有一篇论文论述企业深化改革与稳定是辩证统一的，作者以浙江**市某企业为例，说只要干部在改革中以身作则，与职工同甘共苦，可以取得多数职工的理解。从全局观念分折，我们就可以发现这里只讲了企业如何改革才能稳定，没有论述通过深化改革，转换企业经营机制，提高了企业经济效益，职工收入增加，最终达到社会稳定。 （二）从中心论点出发，决定材料的取舍，把与主题无关或关系不大的材料毫不可惜地舍弃，尽管这些材料是煞费苦心费了不少劳动搜集来的。有所失，才能有所得。 一块毛料寸寸宝贵，台不得剪裁去，也就缝制不成合身的衣服。为了成衣，必须剪裁去不需要的部分。 所以，我们必须时刻牢记材料只是为形成自己论文的论点服务的，离开了这一点，无论是多少好的材料都必须舍得抛弃。 （三）要考虑各部分之间的逻辑关系。 初学撰写论文的人常犯的毛病，是论点和论据没有必然联系，有的只限于反复阐述论点，而缺乏切实有力的论据；有的材料一大堆，论点不明确；有的各部分之间没有形成有机的逻辑关系，这样的毕业论文都是不合乎要求的，这样的毕业论文是没有说服力的。为了有说服力，必须有虚有实，有论点有例证，理论和实际相结合，论证过程有严密的逻辑性，拟提纲时特别要注意这一点，检查这一点。 下面再简单阐述一下编写毕业论文提纲的方法： 1.先拟标题； 2.写出总论点； 3.考虑全篇总的安排：从几个方面，以什么顺序来论述总论点，这是论文结构的骨架； 4.大的项目安排妥当之后，再逐个考虑每个项目的下位论点，直到段一级，写出段的论点句（即段旨）； 5.依次考虑各个段的安排，把准备使用的材料按顺序编码，以便写作时使用； 6.全面检查，作必。 毕业论文大纲格式范本有没有？ 1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。 2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录） 3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。 4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。 5、论文正文： (1)引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义， 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。 6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息 所列参考文献的要求是： (1)所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。 (2)所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。 本科毕业论文大纲怎么写？注意,是大纲 封面（写上题目、学校、院系、学号、姓名） 内容摘要（第二页） 关键词 正文（第一部分、第二部分、第三部分） 结语 英文摘要 以上是本科毕业的论文格式。 毕业设计（论文）大纲格式样本： 一般先确定标题咯。 如： （不过标号有错），然后么大标题稍微描写下。 我们学校一般是搞任务书的 目录 引言…………………………………………………………………………………5 1.公务员的涵义与范围……………………………………………………………5 国外公务员的涵义与范围……………………………………………………5 我国公务员的涵义与范围……………………………………………………7 我国公务员和国外公务员的区别……………………………………………7 2. 报考公务员的现状和趋势 ……………………………………………………8 近三年，报考公务员的人数和大学生占的比例 ……………………………9 各专业学生可选择报考公务员岗位的情况 …………………………………10 近三年公务员冷、热门岗位的竞争情况 ……………………………………11 3.“公务员热”产生的原因 ………………………………………………………12 宏观方面 ………………………………………………………………………13 市场经济优胜劣汰机制和高校的不断扩招，导致大学生严峻的就业形势，从而催化了公务员考试过热的现象 ………………………………………………13 目前我国社会保障制度尚不完善，相对来说，公务员这一“铁饭碗”具有极大的吸引力 ………………………………………………………………………14 “官本位”思想和父辈们的教育方式，影响了当代大学生的择业观念，导致了“公务员热”的产生 …………………………………………………………15 公务员的录用方面 ……………………………………………………………16 公务员录用采取的方式——公开考试，公平性 …………………………16 公务员录用坚持的原则，合理性 …………………………………………17 公务员的工资、福利待遇方面 ………………………………………………18 公务员的工资，稳定性 ……………………………………………………18 公务员的保险，全面性 ……………………………………………………19 公务员的福利，优厚性 ……………………………………………………20 4.针对“公务员考试热”的建议 …………………………………………………21 对 *** 而言 ……………………………………………………………………21 进一步拓宽就业渠道，鼓励自我创业 ……………………………………21 完善公务员制度，从立法上打破“铁饭碗”现象，公务员向职业化发展 ……………………………………………………………………………………22 完善其他岗位相关的福利和保障体系，吸引更多人的目光 ……………24 对高校而言 ……………………………………………………………………25 加强对大学生的职业规划教育引导 ………………………………………25 为学生推荐适合不同专业的职业岗位，防止出现盲目跟风的“羊群效应” …………………………………………………………………………………26 对家庭而言 ……………………………………………………………………27 改变传统的教育观念，鼓励子女选择适合的职位 ………………………27 父母可适当降低择业期望值，引导孩子先就业后图发展 ………………28 对个人而言 ……………………………………………………………………28 做好个人的职业生涯规划，给自己合理定位，可以选择先就业再择业 ……………………………………………………………………………………28 根据自身情况，从专业出发，确定职业目标 ……………………………29 提高自身的择业心理素质，鼓励从基层工作做起 ………………………30 结论 …………………………………………………………………………………32 谢辞 …………………………………………………………………………………32 参考文献 ……………………………………………………………………………3326edu/soft/24967。 论文提纲范文 我国上市公司资本结构优化的对策研究 摘 要：企业资本结构是影响企业治理结构的主要因素。 当前，我国企业改革正在向纵深推进，资本结构是否合理将直接关系到企业能否在市场上取得长远发展。因此，优化资本结构刻不容缓。 以我国国有上市公司为研究对象，从影响企业资本结构的因素入手，考察其资本结构现状，分析其原因及后果，在此基础上对资本结构的优化进行思考并提出一些意见和建议。？ 关键词：上市公司；资本结构；优化？ 1 现代资本结构优化的标准及影响因素？ 作为企业本身，其经营的目标是最大限度的获取利润，投资者投资企业的目的也是获取最大的投资收益。 因此，企业的最优资本结构应是使企业利润、投资者收益最大化的。以市场价值最大作为评价企业资本结构的目标，隐含的假设是企业市场价值最大化与企业利润最大化相统一，与投资者投资收益最大化相统一。 但由于证券市场的盲目性，股票价格和企业利润的变化方向往往并不统一，并且在以两权分离为主要特征的现代企业中，企业投资者与经营者的目标并不一致。因此这样的假设是不成立的。 ？ 另外，企业的市场价值是由股票的市场价值和债券的市场价值组成的。但我国的证券市场还不发达，在这种情况下，绝大多数企业的市场价值就难于正确的测定。 因此，以企业的市场价值作为评价企业资本结构的标准，缺乏可操作性。？ 由此可看出，企业市场价值最大化不能成为企业资本结构优化的标准，企业资本结构优化应以企业利润最大化和投资者投资收益最大化双重标准的统一为标准。 ？ 从资本结构优化的标准来看，企业都应存在最佳资本结构，但现实中很难准确的找到这一最佳结构。因为资本结构优化受多因素的影响。 一是资本成本。资本结构优化的根本目的之一就是使企业综合资本最低，而不同筹资方式的资本成本又是不同的。 二是财务风险。企业在追求财务杠杆利益时，必然会加大负债资本筹集力度，使企业财务风险增大。 因此必须充分考虑如何把财务风险控制在企业可承受的范围内。三是企业经营的长期稳定性。 企业对财务杠杆的运用，必须限制在不危及其自身长期稳定经营的范围以内。四是企业获利能力。 具有较高获利能力的企业使用的负债资本相对较少，因为它可以通过较多的内部积累来解决筹资问题。五是企业资产结构。 不同资产结构的企业利用财务杠杆的能力不同，房地产公司的抵押贷款较多，而以技术开发为主的公司则较少。？ 2 我国国有上市公司资本结构现状及原因？ 银行贷款比例高？ 我国企业在20世纪80年代以前资金来源主要是财政无偿拨款，实行拨改贷之后，银行贷款成为企业外部融资的唯一方式，直到80年代末期，才有了股票与企业债券的融资方式。 银行对国有企业贷款要求很低，后来虽然加强了贷款抵押要求，但对没法还贷的企业，很少实施破产程序，银行对贷款企业的软约束造成了企业的高负债率。？ 股票融资比例高？ 资本成本是投资者在考虑目前的情况后愿意提供资金的报酬率。 任何投资的必要报酬率是投资者愿意为当前投资提供资金所期望获得的最低报酬率。银行贷款的资金成本最低，企业债券次之，股票酬资最高。 但由于我国股票市场历史不长，二级市场股价大部分时间处于高估的状态，企业往往将股票融资视为免费的午餐，将其成本只视为所需支付的红利。？ 内部留存收益比例小？ 我国和大部分发展中国家一样，内部融资比率相对于发达国家较低，我国企业处于扩张期内部积累不多，资产负债比率普遍偏高。 在企业的生长期，企业的迅速扩张需要大量的外部资金，企业会更多的依赖银行等金融机构，因而债务融资比率较高。？ 债券融资比例小？ 债券融资成本低于股票，另外税法规定债券利息在睡前列支，因此债券融资还可以给企业带来避税的好处，这样可以使每股税后利润增加。 可是我国由于股票市场和债券市场发育不平衡，债券市场发展严重滞后，企业发行债券受到 *** 额度的控制，使企业通过债券融资的余地很小。 3 优化我国上市公司资本结构的建议？ 首先，我们看到负债率和资本利润率之间存在不对称。 一定比例负债可以给企业带来避税效应，以及约束、激励经营者等正面效应。但并不是负债额越高越好，必须保持在一定的比例范围内。 确定这个范围应考虑几个方面的因素。企业选择某一项目的基本前提使保证盈利或至少持平，这就要求借入资本的预期利润率不小于借款利息率。 另外，为了保证企业在借入某笔款项后，总体资本仍保持盈利或至少持平，就要求企业借款的预期利润率大于或等于加权平均资本成本率。？ 其次，国有企业对股权融资过度偏好。 企业普遍认为发行股票于银行贷款和发行债券不同，它不需要到期时还本付息因此可以增加利润，提高企业的经营效率。因此我国的国有企业普遍把股票融资作为公司融资的首选途径，极力扩大发行额度，并且股利分配政策多以配股为主。 ？ 但我们必须看到世界上没有免费的午餐，资本市场上更是如此。股权比例过高，会严重影响企业的经营效率。 债权对于企业来说是一种硬约束，而股权约束相对偏软，股权比例过高的资本结构。 谁给我个论文三级提纲的例子？ 毕业论文提纲是学生在正式开始毕业论文写作之前提交给指导教师的一份报告，用以体现论文基本观点和论文总体结构。为加强这一工作环节的管理，保证论文写作顺利开展，特制定本要求。 一、毕业论文提纲结构及标准格式 本科毕业论文提纲包括（按顺序）：封面、内容摘要及关键词、提纲内容等三部分。 （一）封面、内容摘要及关键词 提纲中封面、内容摘要及关键词的结构及格式要求，请参照《理论研究型毕业论文写作规范》中关于该三项内容的具体要求。 （二）提纲内容 1.结构说明：论文提纲要求至少列出论文的章、节、目三级标题，用以反映论文的结构框架和逻辑层次；此外，论文提纲的各级标题后都应有简洁的文字陈述观点，必须准确、清楚、合理地表达其涵盖的内容。 2.格式要求 (1)提纲内容文字：提纲内容文字的要求，请参照《理论研究型毕业论文写作规范》中关于“正文文字”的具体要求。 (2)提纲内容标题：. 提纲一级、二级、三级及以下标题格式要求，请参照《理论研究型毕业论文写作规范》中关于“正文文中标题”的具体要求。 二、毕业论文提纲其他格式要求 关于纸型及页边距、版式与用字、标点符号、计量单位、页码等格式要求，请参照《理论研究型毕业论文写作规范》中相应内容的具体要求，其中提纲内容页码的编排参照正文页码的编排要求。 大学毕业论文大纲怎么写？ 如何写毕业论文大纲毕业论文大纲其实就是我们中学时候写作文要求的提纲. 写毕业论文大纲主要是提供我们论文写作的思路， 列出我们论文的框架结构， 这样方便我们后续写论文毕业论文大纲怎么写毕业论文提纲分为简单大纲和具体大纲简单大纲就类似于我们论文的目录，只要把主要部分的主题列出即可具体大纲就要求我们在简单大纲的基础上写出每个板块的主要内容.本科毕业论文大纲怎么写一般来说，我们只要写出简单大纲就可以.下面分享本人的亲笔写的大纲仅供参考.论文大纲论文题目：德中农村人口向城市流动的原因影响之比较引言：通过一幅漫画引入论文主题。 接着概括论文目的，论文大要，研究方向，前人对此研究等等！本论：1 农村人口向城市流动定义，中德农村人口流动现状2 德国农村人口向城市流动德国农村人口向城市流动原因德国农村人口向城市流动影响德国农村人口向城市流动对农村的影响德国农村人口向城市流动对城市的影响3 中国农村人口向城市流动中国农村人口向城市流动原因中国农村人口向城市流动的影响中国农村人口向城市流动对农村的影响 中国农村人口向城市流动对城市的影响4 德中农村人口向城市流动相同点不同点相同点不同点5 总结6 参考文献7 感谢。 求毕业论文范文格式模板 1、毕业论文格式的写作顺序是：标题、作者班级、作者姓名、指导教师姓名、中文摘要及关键词、英文摘要及英文关键词、正文、参考文献。 2、毕业论文中附表的表头应写在表的上面，居中；论文附图的图题应写在图的下面，居中。按表、图、公式在论文中出现的先后顺序分别编号。 3、毕业论文中参考文献的书写格式严格按以下顺序：序号、作者姓名、书名（或文章名）、出版社（或期刊名）、出版或发表时间。 4、论文格式的字体：各类标题（包括“参考文献”标题）用粗宋体；作者姓名、指导教师姓名、摘要、关键词、图表名、参考文献内容用楷体；正文、图表、页眉、页脚中的文字用宋体；英文用Times New Roman字体。 5、论文格式的字号：论文题目用三号字体，居中；一级标题用四号字体；二级标题、三级标题用小四号字体；页眉、页脚用小五号字体；其它用五号字体；图、表名居中。 6、格式正文打印页码，下面居中。 7、论文打印纸张规格：A4 210*297毫米。 8、在文件选项下的页面设置选项中，“字符数/行数”选使用默认字符数；页边距设为 上：3厘米；下：厘米；左：厘米；右：厘米；装订线：厘米；装订线位置：左侧；页眉：厘米；页脚厘米。 9、在格式选项下的段落设置选项中，“缩进”选0厘米，“间距”选0磅，“行距”选倍，“特殊格式”选（无），“调整右缩进”选项为空，“根据页面设置确定行高格线”选项为空。 10、页眉用小五号字体打印“xx大学xx学院xxxx级XX专业学年论文”字样，并左对齐。 11、使用软件：Microsoft Word 2000以上版本。模板到处都是的啊，我看你也是什么都不会，这样吧 你去找慧聪论文服务网帮忙写，可以支付宝担保很安全。 毕业论文大纲怎么写？有没有模板？ 下面仍以《关于培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的思考》为例，介绍详细提纲的写法： 一、绪论 1.提出中心论题； 2，说明写作意图。 二、本论 （一）培育建筑劳动力市场的前提条件 1.市场经济体制的确立，为建筑劳动力市场的产生创造了宏观环境； 2.建筑产品市场的形成，对建筑劳动力市场的培育提出了现实的要求； 3.城乡体制改革的深化，为建筑劳动力市场的形成提供了可靠的保证； 4.建筑劳动力市场的建立，是建筑行业用工特殊性的内在要求。 （二）目前建筑劳动力市场的基本现状 1.供大于求的买方市场； 2，有市无场的隐形市场； 3.易进难出的畸形市场； 4，交易无序的自发市场。 （三）培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的对策 1.统一思想认识，变自发交易为自觉调控； 2.加快建章立制，变无序交易为规范交易； 3.健全市场网络，变隐形交易为有形交易； 4.调整经营结构，变个别流动为队伍流动； 5，深化用工改革，变单向流动为双向流动。 三、结论 1，概述当前的建筑劳动力市场形势和我们的任务； 2.呼应开头的序言。 论文大纲怎么写啊？ 写论文提纲还是比较容易的 从我自己的经验来说，首先你要确定题目，选题很重要，要觉得自己有话好说，有自己的观点可以阐述，我个人比较喜欢热点、焦点的东西，不喜欢那种被写烂了的题目。 题目选好以后，然后去找资料，你可以在网上搜索相关资料，最好你去学校图书馆的期刊网搜索。资料搜索好以后，然后整理一下，感觉还不错的，打印出来，因为在电脑上看很累。 打印好以后，你就看资料，看别人是如何写的，有那些新观点，思路，你可以在每份资料上面标上号码，便以区别。ok，然后准备要写了，论文一般都是分三部分，提出问题，分析问题，解决问题。 你可以一边看资料，一边把提纲列出来你可以这样 引言 一、XX问题的概念、特征 二、XX的利弊分析 （一）XX的价值所在 （二）XX的弊端 三、问题的解决 （一） （二） （三） （四） 结语 我给我同学也写过一些，老师都说写的不错，呵呵 基本格式就是这样，我是学法律的，但一般的论文都差不多，我给你最大的建议是资料要充足，要吃透，不要随便搞搞，这是不行的，祝你写成功。
企业发展战略研究论文提纲范文
下面是我整理的有关企业发展战略研究的论文提纲，希望能帮到大家。
目前已进入新经济时代，民营企业要想做强、做大，必须在战略思路和实践方面超前于一般企业，只有这样民营企业在未来的竞争中才能立于不败之地，而那些在发展过程中“无战略”或战略管理方面滞后的民营企业将被淘汰出局，大量的事实充分的证明了这一点。因此，研究和制定企业的发展战略对民营企业的发展起着至关重要的作用。
一、企业发展战略的内涵
企业根据自身所面临的外部环境和自身的优势，基于自身利益和可持续发展目标，在有效协调自己与社会的相互关系的基础上，从全方位的综合因素出发，对自己的生产经营和资本经营所进行的自主选择和自我设计，即为企业的发展战略。德鲁克曾简单的说，企业发展战略的问题就是回答“企业是什么?企业的未来应该是什么样”的问题。
二、企业发展战略的作用
(一)企业发展战略是企业行动的指南
企业的任何行动都得服务于它的战略，不能在战略产生之后还跟着热点走。前一段时间部分民营企业不切合实际，“纳米”热了跟着“纳米”走、“网络”热了跟着“网络”走、“生物工程”热了跟着“生物工程”走，炒到最后，只有概念而没有产品。
(二)企业发展战略是约束企业的短期行为与长期行为的主要规范
目前因部分民营企业没有制订长期发展规划，所以对职业经理人就没有这项考核的指标，经理人只顾企业的眼前利益，拼设备、耗资源，从不考虑企业长期的发展问题，这样就造成企业的短期行为。
(三)发展战略是企业经营活动的自觉行为所依据的基础
企业在经济活动中无论采取什么样的自主行为，其行为的依据都是这个发展战略，因此企业的发展战略的制定要有科学性而不要有随机性，一旦企业的发展战略制订后，它就会作为企业未来很重要的判断企业经营行为和选择经营方向的一种基本依据。部分民营企业的法人治理结构不健全，决策权往往集中在老板一个人的手中，因此极易造成决策失误。
总的来说，要制订企业发展战略，就必须把它作为企业行为的基础，判断企业行为是否合理的依据就是它。从管理制度的观点来讲，企业发展战略就不只是目标，发展战略实际上就是规定了一个企业在未来一个时期内，确定企业应该怎么走。
三、企业发展战略内容的研究与制定
近两年的经济情况表明，中国已进入“过剩经济”时代，资源不像以前那样容易获取，市场趋于饱和状态，这就要求中国的民营企业在面临权力构造、市场培养、能力形成、世贸冲击四重压力下寻找和制定适合企业自身特点的发展战略，从而保持持续的竞争优势。因此民营企业制定发展战略应从产业发展战略、市场发展战略、技术创新发展战略。人力资源发展战略、资本融通发展战略、资本运营发展战略等六个方面来综合考虑。
(一) 产业发展战略
产业发展战略如何选择，首先要明确企业在未来的产业定位上是搞一个产业、还是搞多个产业，即选择专业经营、还是多元化经营战略;其次还要考虑企业发展战略的地域选择范围问题。
1.发展战略经营领域的选择。海尔集团总裁张瑞敏认为，“中国企业的问题木在于需不需要搞多元化，而在于企业自身有没有搞多元化的'能力”。也就是说企业是否走多元化经营战略的道路，应取决于当时企业的成长期和成长环境。如果企业处于成熟期，同时该企业目前发展的产业拥有扩张的力度和发展的空间，那么这个企业就完全可由专业经营走向多元化经营发展战略。
2.发展战略地域范围的选择。
(l)同行业领先企业。在行业前景看好的条件下，应坚持走专业化经营发展战略，并不断扩大经营规模，在经营地域上不断扩展，从局部到全国，从全国到跨国;在行业前景不看好的情况下，应选择多元化经营发展战略，选择相关性较高的目标进人，并逐渐实现在目标行业内居领先地位。
(2)全国范围内的领先企业。这类企业首选战略应该是跨国经营，将其在中国积累的能量扩展到可释放的国家或地区。
(3)经营状况一般的企业。这类企业应该坚守自己现有的行业领域和地区范围，选择同行业中的领先企业作为标杆，主动地运用标杆瞄准策略，使自己在现有的行业领域或地域范围内获得较好的市场地位。
(4)面临困境的企业。这类企业的战略绝大多数是分离、重组、出售或破产清算，也就是说需要重新调整产业定位。
(二)市场发展战略
所谓市场发展战略，实际就是企业开拓和争夺市场的全部措施和手段的总和，其措施和手段主要表现在以下四个方面。
1.抢占统治权。抢占统治权的目标是争夺市场“领导权’战者是取得市场及产业垄断权。杜邦公司经过15年艰辛的科学研究之后，终于发明了一种真正的人造纤维一尼龙，该公司立即投入了所有的资源来抢占统治权，它开始建造一家又一家的化学工厂，并在传媒上大作广告，因此杜邦公司创造了一个前所未有的产业——塑胶业。
中石化集团、中石油集团，近期在全国的各大、中。小城市加速建立加油站，其目的就是抢占市场统治权，抵御我国加入WTO后，国外同行业抢占我国市场的风险。
2.模仿与柔道。模仿与柔道的思路是在原创者留下疏漏的地方入手进行攻击，从而占领市场。巧妙的“模仿”也是一种创新，因为它比原来的创新者更好地理解了创新的真正含义。个人计算机原是苹果公司的设想，但IBM公司利用这一设想着手设计了一种成为个人计算机行业的标准机器，以求垄断或至少是控制整个领域，结果就产生了PC机。
“柔道”的战略是用巧力以柔克刚。早在1947年，美国的贝尔实验室就意识到晶体管即将取代真空管，当美国的各大制造商们还没有做好转化晶体管的产品时，日本索尼公司以万美元的低价从贝尔实验室的手中购得了晶体管的制造和销售权，最终占领了美国的收音机市场，索尼公司利用同样的战略进军电视机、摄像机的市场。
3.构筑要塞。“构筑要塞”的目的则在于“固守阵地”，使自己免遭外来者的挑战和入侵，其主要战术为“关卡战术”、“技术战术”、“市场战术”。
将“汉堡’做进标准的生产线，让全世界的人吃到味道完全一样的“汉堡”和“乃昔”，这就是麦当劳的标准，谁想用麦当劳这个标准，谁就需要付给麦当劳钱，也就是说麦当劳设置了这个关卡。另外，利用技术专利和特殊的销售手段，也可为企业构筑要塞。传播百年口味和美国百年文化，这就是风魔全球的可口可乐饮料，可口可乐公司自1886年就设置了由14种原料组成的可口可乐配方的关卡。
4. 创造新客户。创造新客户是～种商业新策略，主要目的在于推出“创新”。其主要手段：(1)创造实用性。如网络为人们提供了一种新的服务方式和消费方式;(2)利用价格的优势。中国联通用户的增加，主要是价格优势的体现;(3)动态调整。“顾客就是上帝”，我们必须站在消费者的立场来调整我们的销售和服务思路;(4)满足客户的价值观。实施品牌战略、质量战略，让客户觉得值。
(三)技术创新战略
技术创新是指企业将新的知识与技术用于企业的生产经营之中，以创造和实现新的经济价值。企业利润的活动，即科技成果商业化和产业化的过程。技术创新发展战略是指企业对所要实施的技术创新活动的总体谋划，它具有全面性、方向性和长远性的特征，其内容包括：
1.产品创新战略。产品创新是企业最重要、最基本的技术创新。其步骤为：一是市场调研。通过市场调研可以了解到用户到底需要什么功能?用户的需求是显在的、还是潜在的?用户的需求是上升、还是下降?需求的分布如何?等等;二是产品创意开发。企业从各个创意源中搜索，选择符合用户需求的产品创意进行综合评估;三是新产品实体开发。其内容为新产品实体设计、试制及产品的延伸;四是新产品商品化开发。其目的是将所开发的新产品变为市场上可以销售的商品，实现马克思所称的“惊险一跳”。
2.工艺创新战略。工艺创新的目的是保障产品功能、质量、结构、投入产出比及规模的要求;经济合理性的要求;产品可靠性的要求。
3.高新技术创新战略。高新技术创新是将高技术成果商业化，采用高新技术开发和生产市场所需的产品。高新技术创新成功的关键因素：一是企业要有富有创新精神的领航带路人;二是企业要掌握“核心技术”和“根部技术”;三是企业要拥有掌握“核心技术”和“根部技术”的人才;四是企业内部要建立有效的激励机制;五是项目选择是关键中的关键;六是企业尽可能地得到风险投资资金的支持;七是较快地进入市场;八是加强技术服务。
(四)人力资源发展战略
正确的实施人力资源发展战略，是驾御好一个组织的最基本的手段。目前民营企业的领导人花在人的管理与进行人事决策上的时间，远远超过花在其他工作上的时间，因为没有任何别的决策所造成的后果及影响，会像人事决策与管理上出现的错误那样持久而难以消弥，这也是民营企业所面临共性的问题。因此，要下大力气解决好以下五个方面的问题。
l.工作能力与企业文化相结合。这就一方面要求提高员工的工作能力，另一方面还要求不断提高企业文化，所以企业在培训员工上必须要考虑到这两个方面的问题。伸为宪法》也好、《远大宣言》也罢，都是将企业的文化纳入到企业的管理之中，其目的就是确保员工融入独立的企业文化体系之中。
2.引进与培养相结合。我们的民营企业往往用很高的条件去引进外边的人来，其后果会造成引进与培养中出现不利于调动员工积极性的负作用，实际企业的内部就有这样的人才，其实一些国际著名的公司是极其注重培养内部人才的。
3.流动与引进相结合。企业人员相对的流动则会促进新的企业文化的形成，可以给企业带来新的活力和生机，但流动过速会对企业造成不利的影响。
4.工作性管理和非工作性管理相结合。要将员工融入于企业之中，就要对员工非工作性的活动有所了解，甚至进行管理。目前部分民营企业在放长假期间宁可拿钱组织员工搞一些集体活动，这对一些关键性的人员尤为重要。
5.人力资本管理与普通员工管理相结合。将企业的“人员”转变成“人才”，也就是说将企业的每位员工的能量尽量释放出来，这就要求人力资本管理与普通员工管理相结合，二者不可忽视。
(五)资本融通战略
资本既包括债务资金，也包括资本资金，而资本融通既是债务资金的融通，也是资本资金的融通。所以资本的融通战略要处理好以下三种关系：
1.债务资金与资本资金的关系。债务资金与资本资金形成了企业的资产。如果这两个关系处理不当，对企业就会有消极的影响。因为债务资金过高时，往往债务会拖死这个企业，如韩国大宇汽车的资产负债率超过300%以上，企业出现危机时，债权人立刻出面干扰，要求撤回资金，造成企业因资金的短缺而被迫停产;另一方面，还会造成企业为银行打工的局面。当然，资本资金太高，往往体现在社会资金 的利用似乎没有达到应有的效用，对社会的资源利用率不高。
2.不同种类的债务资金的相互关系。企业债务有银行债务、财政债务、公众债务、社团债务、法人债务等。其中银行债务和财政债务的风险要小一些，但是公众的债务风险要高一些。同时，从使用的成本看，银行债务的成本要比公众债务的成本小。另外，从对内债和外债的风险分析看，因为外债受汇率的影响，而且外债到期必须还，因此外债的风险比内债要大一些。但不同债务之间的关系要处理好，最好是不同债务之间形成一定的合适比列。
3.不同种类资金的相互关系。一般来说，资本金的构成由法人、机构和自然人共同出资是比较合理的，但同时还必须考虑到资本金的集中度和分散度的比例关系。目前，国内的国有控股上市公司一股独大的局面普遍存在，国有股减持势在必行;另一方面，民营企业老板的股权过于集中的局面也必须相对的改变，这样可使民营企业的产权结构更加趋于合理。实际上把处理好资本金的关系，作为搞好企业内部的产权结构及健全法人治理结构的切入点，这样就可以形成良好的企业制度。
(六)资本运营战略
企业要加速发展，就应当由生产经营的领域扩展到资本运营的领域。对于民营企业的老板，就应当由“企业家”转变成“资本家”。东方集团快速发展的成功经验，就是走了一条从最初的房地产业、企业上市、资产重组、最后涉足金融领域的道路。一般来讲，资本运营战略的选择实际上涉及到以下几个问题：
1.资本运营的目标。资本运营的目标：一是为企业体制和企业生产结构服务的目标。企业的发展战略中都会涉及到自己的体制改革和结构调整的问题，因而要利用资本运营为自己的改革和结构调整服务;二是为生产经营服务的目标。部分企业为了扩张自己的生产经营，搞资本运营是一条快速的捷径;三是为企业的利润增长直接服务。买卖企业也好，甚至进入资本市场炒股也好，就是为了直接使利润增长。
2.资本运营的方式。资本运营的方式有两种：一是资产重组;二是资本交易。如果为了实现改制、结构调整和为自己的生产经营服务为目标，那么往往就选择资产重组的方式;如果要是为了直接获取利润，那么就选择资本交易的方式。 3.塑造资本运营的平台。如果没有资本运营的平台，就很难搞好资本运营这项工作，所以搞好资本运营就要塑造适合企业自身特点的资本运营平台。建立资本运营的平台有三个方面的措施：一是进入并控股金融机构;二是拥有相应数量的上市公司;三是进入并控股相应的基金。这样就给资本运营做好了进口和出口的准备。
总之，以上六个方面浅谈了民营企业发展战略的研究与制定，同时在制定民营企业发展战略的过程中，还要考虑民营企业所面临的发展前景，一是加入WTO的规则肯定对民营企业经济会有良好的影响;二是国企改革也直接关系到民营企业的发展;三是西部开发给民营企业带来新的机会;四是北京申奥的成功给民营企业带来新的商机。因此，民营企业要认认真真地研究和切合实际地制定本企业的发展战略，从而确保民营企业能够健康良性的发展。
英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文
时间过得真快，大学生活即将结束，毕业论文是大学生都必须通过的，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验大学学习成果的`形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am xx and my supervisor is xx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. Im xxand come from class xx. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
The title of my paper is choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholarss main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
Thats all. Thank you.
英语毕业的论文答辩稿（精选6篇）
毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩，在举行答辩会前，校方、答辩委员会、答辩者（撰写毕业论文的作者）三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我整理的英语毕业的论文答辩稿（精选6篇），欢迎大家分享。
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !
晚上好，所有的评估委员会成员。我来自HUST，主修外国语言学和应用语言学。我是xxx，我的主管是教授。 xxx。凭着她的真诚和智慧的指导，近一年的辛苦工作，我已经完成了我的论文。最后，这是展示时间。今天晚上，我将向大家致以衷心的感谢，我衷心地欢迎您的加入。
我的论文的标题是哥特式风格的研究
我希望通过研究这个短小的故事，我们可以在某些历史和文化中更多地描述美国南方妇女，更多地要求帮助现代社会的妇女对自己有一个广泛的了解，帮助我们提高我的独立性和信心，并更多地关注我们的心理健康该
接下来，我将向您介绍。这是我演讲的大纲。他们是文学评论，哥特式传统，哥特式风格的故事和哥特风格的原因。
本文由六部分组成。第一部分提出了作者威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner)和艾米莉·艾丝丽(A Rose)的作者，指出了这项研究的目的.和意义。第二部分是文献综述，对国内外这本小说进行了相关研究，并指出了理论依据和方法。第三部分给出了小说中哥特式传统的时间表，即死亡主题，独特的人物和神秘的气氛。部分原因，详细介绍了这本小说中哥特式风格的原因：父权制的压迫，南方女士的神话和艾米莉对爱情的态度。最后，在结论中，笔者对以前的部分进行了梳理，再次强调了论文论证的意义。
好的，就是这样。现在你可以提出你的问题!我准备好了!谢谢 ！
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：
I am Wu Lin. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professor Hu Anjiang, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van Winkle).
The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. i am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m xxx and come from class x. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
The title of my paper is xxxxxxxxxxxxx. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.