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英语论文写作与发表

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英语论文写作与发表

『附上几本,新华书店都有,不是网购的话,就要看经营点大不大,书目齐不齐了』书名:英语论文写作教程:基于国际标准的学术写作与发表出版社:清华大学出版社作者:戴福林Devlin著出版日期:2003-01-01简介:本书是一本高级英语学术写作教程。作者在较短的篇幅里融会了国际通用的写作标准与分析,简明扼要地介绍了如何在国际标准的框架下写作论文并发表。本书作者BrianDevlin是澳大利亚NorthernTerritoryUniversity大学的副教授,在美国哥伦比亚大学获得博士学位,具有较好的国际学术背景。本书的基础是Devlin博士在作为英语专家在清华大学外语系讲授“英语论文写作”课程期间的讲义。本书适合做英语专业研究生或本科生论文写作的教材,也可以作为其他专业硕士或博士研究生的英文写作参考书。书名:E英语论文写作作者:石坚//帅培天出版社:四川人民出版社出版日期:2005-5-1简介:从事高校英语写作教学及研究多年,一直心仪能有一整套供师生从低年级到高年级使用的写作教材。这套教材应包括基础英语写作、英语应用文写作和高级阶段的英语论文写作。作为基础阶段的教材,应从句子到段落,再到篇章,帮助学生打下坚实的英文写作基础;应用文写作则为增强学生应用英语进行交际的能力添砖加瓦;论文写作应从普通论文讲起,再到学术论文,初步培养学生从事学术研究,撰写学术文章的能力。《英语论文写作》正是这种创作冲动的产物。本书的主要对象是大学本科高年级学生,对其他英文学习和工作者而言,不乏为一部指导性的专著。这部专著/教材除努力体现上述愿望外,有以下几个特点:1、全书用第一人称写成,充分体现了人文精神,让使用者以平等的身份参与问题的讨论,增强写作道地英语论文的自信心。2、一些写作理论和技巧,从课文阐述转到了练习之中,从而减轻了说教式的讲解带给读者的枯燥感;同时,读者通过练习去探索,提取某种理论或技巧,会兴致勃勃,因为接下来的是一种成就感。3、在学会使用图书馆的章节里,直接用计算机时代美国先进的图书馆为例,给读者树立了一个很高的目标,这一点,相信每位科研工作者或准备从事科研者都不会有异议。书名:英语专业毕业论文写作指南出版社:武汉大学作者:陈春莲出版日期:2007-01-01简介:随着我国与国外的交往越来越频繁,越来越多的学者和科技工作者希望百己的学术文章和科研成果能够在国际刊物上发表或是在国际会议上宣读,而在校的大学生中,英语专业的学生必须用英语撰写毕业论文。怎样才能使用英语撰写的论文符合国际标准?本书作者根据多年指导英语专业本科生和研究生的毕业论文的经验,参照MLA(美国现代语言协会)所颁布的英语论文写作规范,编写了这本《英语专业毕业论文写作指南》,相信对广大用英语撰写论文的人会有所帮助。本书分为三大部分:论文写作计划、论文撰写格式、论文范文。本书适用于英语专业的大专生、继续教育生、本科生和研究生以及用英语撰写学术论文的科研人员。

英文论文写作心得

对于一篇英文论文来说,要保证其完整度和优异的质量,以及考虑到导师所给出的如时间、参考资料等各方面的条件限制,下文是总结的一些英语论文写作心得体会。一起来看看吧!

【写作前准备】

1、自己的实验结果是否够发一篇SCI文章?

2、适合发表在什么杂志?是选择专业期刊?还是综合期刊?

3、为什么类型的投稿(Types of submission)?比如Articles(论著);Reviews(综述);Reports(报告);Letter to editor(来信)等。

4、该杂志的影响因子(Impact factor)是多少,每年发表多少文章?是否有过本土中国人在上面发表?(便于评价自己的文章被接收的可能性)。

6、有没有下载该杂志最新的投稿须知(Instructions for authors)?

7、是否弄清楚了投稿须知各个条目的意思?

8、是否接收网上投稿(Submission on line)(一般有网上投稿的杂志更为方便)?

9、是否收版面费(Page charges)?如果论文被接收,自己的经济能力能否支付该杂志的发表全部费用。

10、手头有多少相关内容的文献?(越多越好,这样写作的时候能借鉴他们的思路和语句,对分析讨论的开展也很有好处)

【写作环节】

1、不要用中国式的思维去写英文句子。

2、套用老外的写作思路(比如前言第1段写对疾病的认识及重要性,第2段对基本背景知识的介绍,第3段如何引出研究问题。讨论部分往往每一段第一句为该段的中心句。)

3、格式一定要严格按照所投杂志的要求来排版(可以参考投稿须知的要求和该杂志最近发表的文章,要做到一模一样,这样编辑认为你是认真对待的)。

4、避免使用首次发现,该研究特别有意义的语句(老外喜欢你陈述事实,是不是首次发现由别人说了算,有没有意义需要时间来检验)。

5、首页有什么特殊要求?比如是否写清了通讯作者(Corresponding author)和页眉标题(Running title),Running title是否符合字符数要求,一般50个字符以下。首页是否要求标明全文字符数(The number of characters must be listed on the title page)。首页是否要求提供关键词(Key words),现在很多杂志在正式出版的时候是看不到关键词的,他多数目的是为了编辑好选择审稿专家。

6、摘要是否为有特殊格式(比如格式摘要:目的,方法,结果,结论),是否有字数限制(比如205个字以下)。

7、注意参考文献(References)一定要符合杂志的格式,参考文献的数目是否有限制。是否不能引用正在出版的(In press)文章或未公开的(Unpublished data)数据。

8、是否引用了较多著名杂志的文章为参考文献(大家看影响因子超过10的杂志文章,他们引用的文献多数也是来自10以上的杂志,也就是说你投高影响因子的杂志就尽量不要引用低档杂志的文章,这是一条潜规则)。

9、引用了几篇该杂志的文章作为参考文献(有的杂志有明确要求要引几篇,有的没有要求,但是编辑在还是喜欢你多引他们杂志的文章)。

10、写完后最好先找一个在国外呆过几年的`中国人修改第1次(这样能纠正明显写作错误和表达,又明白你的写作意思),然后再找一个英语为母语的人修改(最好是学医的,这样能够纠正一些微小错误和表达习惯)。最终的目的是即使退稿也不是因为语言问题。人家修改完了注意在回信中致谢(Thank you very much for the excellent and professional revision of our manuscript. In future, I will send you my English manuscripts for proofreading! I will acknowledge your help in the footnote.)和在文章中致谢(We thank *** for critical reading of the manuscript.)。

11、注意文章中不要有中文输入法情况下的标点符号(老外的计算机操作系统可能识别为乱码或者为非法程序)。

12、标点符号是否正确?空格是否恰当?

13、注意缩写的格式,时间表示的格式,希腊字母的格式。

14、该斜体的地方是否是斜体(in vitro,in vivo等)。

15、材料与方法中试剂后的厂家是否该杂志的要求(有的不但要标明公司名字和国家,还要城市名,货号)。

16、是否进行了伦理道德的申明。(如果进行了动物实验和人体实验)。

17、图表是否符合杂志的数目(Number)、大小(Size)和分辨率(Resolution)要求?有几副彩图(建议能设置为灰度的图就改成灰度的图,比如一些统计结果图。因为彩图收费(Color charges)是很贵的)。

18、图的格式类型是否有要求,一般只接收EPS或TIFF格式。图的模式是否有要求,比如过去一般要求是CMYK模式,现在很多杂志要求RGB模式。

19、图表是放在后面,还是插入在文章中。(看投稿须知要求)。

20、字数是否符合杂志要求(有的杂志对字数也有要求。比如最多8个版面。他一般会告诉你怎么推测自己的文章占几个版面,比如有的杂志大约是8000个字符数(characters)(包括空格)为一个版面)。

21、全文的字号是否符合要求。(一般是12号字(12-point),双倍行距(Double space))。

22、是否进行了致谢(国外的文章一般都会致谢。一般要求写受什么基金资助,谁对文章改了,谁进行了技术帮助,谁提供了一些实验材料等;其中很多杂志基金资助一般写在Footnote中)。

1. 要写好科研论文,必须先养成读英文文章的习惯,争取每天30-60分钟。刚开始可以选择以读英文报纸、英文新闻为主,逐渐转为读专业杂志。我会在近期专门写一篇博客文章介绍一套行之有效的增强读专业杂志能力的办法。

2. 写科研论文,最重要的是逻辑。逻辑的形成来自对实验数据的总体分析。必须先讨论出一套清晰的思路,然后按照思路来做图(Figures),最后才能执笔。

3. 具体写作时,先按照思路(即Figures)写一个以subheading为主的框架,然后开始具体写作。第一稿,切忌追求每一句话的完美,更不要追求词语的华丽,而主要留心逻辑(logic flow),注意前后句的逻辑关系、相邻两段的逻辑关系。写作时,全力以赴,尽可能不受外界事情干扰(关闭手机、座机),争取在最短时间内拿出第一稿。还要注意:一句话不可太长。

4. 学会照葫芦画瓢。没有人天生会写优秀的科研论文,都是从别人那里学来的。学习别人的文章要注意专业领域的不同,有些领域(包括我所在的结构生物学)有它内在的写作规律。科研文章里的一些话是定式,比如 “To investigate the mechanism of …, we performed …”, “These results support the former, but not the latter, hypothesis …”, “Despite recent progress, how … remains to be elucidated …” 等等。用两次以后,就逐渐学会灵活运用了。在向别人学习时,切忌抄袭。在美国一些机构,连续7个英文单词在一起和别人的完全一样,原则上就被认为抄袭(plagiarism)。

5. 第一稿写完后,给自己不要超过一天的休息时间,开始修改第二稿。修改时,还是以逻辑为主,但对每一句话都要推敲一下,对abstract和正文中的关键语句要字斟句酌。学会用“Thesaurus”(同义词替换)以避免过多重复。第二稿的修改极为关键,再往后就不会大改了。

6. 第二稿以后的修改,主要注重具体的字句,不会改变整体逻辑了。投稿前,一定要整体读一遍,对个别词句略作改动。记住:学术期刊一般不会因为具体的语法错误拒绝一篇文章,但一定会因为逻辑混乱而拒绝一篇文章。

这套方法行之有效,我对所有的学生和博士后都会如此教导。我的第一个博士后是柴继杰,1999年加入我在普林斯顿大学的实验室。继杰当时的英文阅读和写作能力很差。我对他的第一个建议就是,“每天花半小时读英文报纸”。难能可贵的是:他坚持下来了!经过几年的努力,2004年继杰已经能写出不错的grant proposal,2006年他的第一篇独立科研论文发表在《Molecular Cell》上,随后相继在《自然》发表两篇、在其它一流学术期刊发表十多篇论文。写作能力开始成熟。

发表论文是一件值得高兴的事情,但要明白:论文只是一个载体,是为了向同行们宣告你的科研发现,是科学领域交流的重要工具。所以,在科研论文写作时,一定要谨记于心的就是:用最简单的话表达最明白的意思,但一定要逻辑严谨!其实,中文和英文论文皆如此!

谈英文学术论文发表和写作技巧 最近,国内几个同行和我谈及用英文发表学术论文的问题,我想借这个地方谈谈我的经验和看法。国内语言学和应用语言学的学者倾向于在国内用中文发表文章,主要是因为, 一来, 学校要求老师和研究生在核心期刊上发文章;二来,英文毕竟不是母语, 写一篇英文文章的时间可以用来写好几篇中文文章。国情如此,实在无可厚非。但近来有同行抱怨,国内的期刊大多喜欢定量研究型的文章,对于以定性研究为主(如 ethnography research, action research)的文章不是那么欢迎。我没有太多用中文发表学术论文的经验,国内学术论文发表的内情是否如此,我就不得而知了。 写学术文章、参加学术会议,其实是一种学术圈内同行的对话。用中文写,懂中文的同行能读到你的研究,很好。用英文写,懂英文的同行能读到,也不错。如果想将你的研究和全世界的同行分享的话,可能英文比较能够达到这个目的。过去几年,我发了一些英文论文,也应一些英文学术期刊 (应用语言学方面的有TESOL Quarterly, Journal of Second Language Writing, Journal of Language Learning and Technology, World Englishes)的邀请做了审稿的工作。结合我的经验,我想谈谈在英文的应用语言学期刊上发文章应该注意的几点。这种经验之谈,供有兴趣的同行参考,以共同促进我们国际学术交流的水平。 首先,论文综述的目的不仅是发现本领域目前讨论/研究过什么,什么还没有讨论过,更重要的是提出你对已有的研究的批判,以发现值得进一步研究的问题。我发现后面的一步最不容易做到了,我做学生时不容易做到,我现在指导的博士生不容易做到,我审阅的许多投稿也没有将这一步做好。 第二,在论文综述的基础上提出研究问题和研究方案。问题和方案的提出,必须是基于对以往研究 (包括内容与方法) 的批判基础上提出。 我经常发现许多论文的论文综述和后面研究问题和研究方案的提出脱节。 第三,材料的收集和分析过程一定要详细描述。无论是定性还是定量分析,要在论文综述的'基础上先提出你想观察/研究的几个方面,然后详细、具体地描述你的测量方法或分析方法。 第四,根据先前提出的几个想观察的方面,对材料一一分析。分析的过程中,可以比较和讨论前人发表的研究,通过对比, 通过引用别人的已有发现, 来了解或阐述你的新发现。材料分析和讨论的部分一定要紧紧扣住文章前面提出的研究问题,这样才能使本研究的贡献凸现出来,从而体现学术交流的精神。 说了这里,有人可能会说,这几点不是和中文学术论文的要求一样吗?其实这些就是学术文章的最基本要求,如此看来,国内的学术论文规范已经和国际接轨了。最后,说一点可能和国内很多文科学术期刊不一样的要求。 第五,文章可能要修改再投。英文期刊一般会有编辑先筛选一遍, 将研究内容和写作风格适合本刊物的文章寄给两到三个领域的同行匿名审阅。一般而言,文章一投就中的可能性很小。很多时候,编辑会综合文章审阅人的意见,让作者依审阅人的建议(往往是对上面几点做评论)一一修改后再投。这实在是好消息了,因为编辑和审稿人都认为该研究做得不错,论文的内容和写作风格基本符合该期刊的传统。作者应该根据他们的意见,将文章修改再投。如此般地修改一轮或两轮是家常便饭,千万不要放弃。 第六,反复修改,提高论文的逻辑性和表达的准确性。在论文的写作过程中,要反复修改几遍,要反复思考苛刻的读者可能会有的质难。在寄给期刊编辑部之前,一定要让你的一两个同行先“无情”地批判一番,确保没有重大的逻辑和语言表达上的问题。我发表的第一篇英文论文修改了不下十遍!现在在这方面也丝毫不敢松懈。

科技论文写作与发表

据学术堂的了解。时代前进着,永不停息,作为即将成为社会工作者的大学生一一任重道远。时代对于新世纪初的高校学子们有着众多无形的要求。作为科学工作者,要善于捕捉自己的智慧灵感,因为智慧灵感常常是纵现即逝!要善于改善自己的思索思路和思索的角度,常常改变一下思路和角度,立即会把问题考虑得更加完善、更加严密!而最能把这些稍纵即逝的灵感记录下来的,就是写科技论文。科技论文是科技工作的组成部份,是科学研究的必要手段,是科技成果的重要标志,是科技交流的理想工具,科技写作是科研工作者的必备能力。科技论文作用:(1) 总结、记载、交流经验;(2)传播科技信息,进行学术交流;(3)公开成果,取得社会的承认;(4)宣传成果,争取支持;(5)传播推广科学技术,将科学技术转化为生产力,推动生产和经济的发展。

如何进行科技论文的写作

摘要:对论文写作的意义、论文的格式和要求、论文的写作步骤和方法、论文写作的规范表达等方面作了得要阐述。

关键词:科技论文 写作

一、一般概念 1 论文的概念及分类 (1) 论文的概念 科技论文是创造性科学技术研究工作成果的科学论述,是理论性、实验性或观察性新知识的科学记录,是已知原理应用于实际中取得新进展、新成功的科学总结。 科技论文是进行科学技术交流的主要载体,是获得科技信息、促进科学技术发展的重要途径。 (2) 论文的分类 科学——从理论上解释自然现象(规律)“是什幺”和“为什幺”,提供新的事实、理论和概念,为技术的发展开拓新的途径。 技术——在科学理论指导下,回答“做什幺”和“怎幺做”。 根据科学与技术的区别,以及论文表达的内容,科技论文分为学术(科学)论文和技术论文两大类: ①学术论文:理论性论文、实验性论文。 ②技术论文:创新性技术(产品、设计)论文、新技术应用性论文、试验性论文。 2 论文的特点 科技论文是对创造性的科学技术研究成果进行理论分析和总结的科技写作文体。因此,科技论文既具有一般议论文的特点,论点、论证、结论构成,又具有与一般议论文不同的特点:  a) 科学性和准确性。 b) 学术性或理论性。 c) 创新性与独创性。 d) 规范性与人工语言符号(图表、照片、公式、化学等)的应用。 二、论文写作的意义 科技论文的写作是科技研究工作的组成部分 科技论文的写作有利于促进科学技术的发展(是科技成果的重要标志) 科技论文的写作有利于提高科技人员的素质(是科学技术研究的一种重要手段) 科技论文的写作有利于进行学术交流和人才的发现 著名物理、化学家法拉第的名言“科学研究有三个阶段,首先是开拓,其次是完成,第三是发表”。科技论文写作是一切科技交流(研究成果、技术发明、科技信息)的基础,不论是对国家、单位还是个人来说,其意义都是现实而有益的。 三、论文的格式和要求 ● 基本要求:学术性、真实性、逻辑性、规范性 ●格式:科技论文的组成部分和排列次序(格式)为: 标 题 作者姓名 (工作单位名称地址) 摘要 关键词 ① 引言 ② 正文论述正文部分 ③ 结论 ④ 致谢(必要时) ⑤ 参考文献 1 题名 即标题、题目、命题等,是文章的重要组成部分,也是文摘、索引或提录等情报资料的重要组成部分。 拟定题名的要求:简明、准确、恰当、完整。应注意: (1) 准确性。恰如其分地反映研究的范围和深度。 常见的毛病有: 一是大题名,小内容。如:“……地区降水量特征研究” 二是不注意分寸,有意无意地拔高。如”……对……的作用机理(影响)” 三是标题一般化,没有特点。如:“……水文站水位~流量关系分析(探讨)”——“……河流水情特性分析” (2) 简洁性。即在能够准确反映、清楚表达“最主要的特定内容”的前提下,题名字数越少越好,便以记忆与应用。 GB7713——87规定,题名“一般不超过20字”。因此:一是尽可能删弃多余的词语;二是避免将同义词或近义词连用,如“…….问题的分析与计算”,“分析”与“计算”在该处是近义的;常见的还有“…….的研究和探讨”、“……的分析研究”,一般可删去其中的一个。三是当题名不易简洁时,可以采用主题名(表示论文的中心内容或论点)和副题名(表示论文的中心内容或论点涉及的范围)的办法处理,即副题名对主题名的内容起一种限制作用。例如:深基坑施工支护技术

题意不明1大学生为什么要学习科技 (的) 论文写作2大学生为什么要学习 (科技论文写作)就讲第一条,为什么学习可以,强调科技的意义,适当扩展科学技术是第一生产力。放眼古今中外,人类社会的每一项进步,都伴随着科学技术的进步。尤其是现代科技的突飞猛进,为社会生产力发展和人类的文明开辟了更为广阔的空间,有力的推动了经济和社会的发展。我国的计算机、通讯、生物医药、新材料等高科技企业的迅速增长,极大的提高了我国的产业技术水平,促进了工业、农业劳动生产率大幅度提高,有力的带动了整个国民经济的发展。实践证明,高新技术及其产业已经成为当代经济发展的龙头产业。 科学技术是人类文明的标志。科学技术的进步和普及,为人类提供了广播、电视、电影、录像、网络等传播思想文化的新手段,使精神文明建设有了新的载体。同时,它对于丰富人们的精神生活,更新人们的思想观念,破除迷信等具有重要意义。 科学技术的进步已经为人类创造了巨大的物质财富和精神财富。随着知识经济时代的到来,科学技术永无止境的发展及其无限的创造力,必定还会继续为人类文明作出更加巨大的贡献。 科学与技术之间的关系因历史时期而不同,从技术领先到科学领先发展,从技术与科学分离到科学与技术精密结合,现代科技的发展更加使科学的基础研究与技术的应用开发之间的时间缩短,尤其系统科学的诞生,导致了自动化、计算机、通讯技术从科技到产业化的迅速转化,而系统科学应用于生物医学又导致了系统生物学与合成生物学之间偶合,将迅速导致系统医学与系统生物工程的应用,从而导致个体化医学、转化医学与医疗工程化系统的生物医学与生物工业革命,使科学技术越来越凸显为社会经济发展的生产力。

如何避免学术不端:

一、保持原创性

二、严禁抄袭和作弊

三、注意小组合作时的规定

四、避免粗心或过度依赖

发表公开演讲英语作文

英语作文演讲稿(精选9篇)

演讲稿是在一定的场合,面对一定的'听众,演讲人围绕着主题讲话的文稿。在我们平凡的日常里,接触并使用演讲稿的人越来越多,相信写演讲稿是一个让许多人都头痛的问题,以下是我为大家收集的英语作文演讲稿,希望对大家有所帮助。

Hello, everyone!Now I want to talk about a beatiful world!

When I was young,I always dreamed that I lived in a beautiful country. There were many flowers and trees around our counld hear the birds singing and see the children dancing. The streets were clear and the the air was very fresh! How nice it was!But that only was a dream of mine!How I wish that it would be come true! So I think we should do something to protect our environment. Everyone should make a contribution to protect the environment.

Taking care of our environment is very you live,you can do something around your neighbourhood.

Have you ever thrown any litter onto the ground?Have you ever drawn pictures on public walls?Have you ever spat in a public place?Have you ever cut down trees?If your answers are "No",it means that you have already helped protect our environment.

It is our duty to keep our envionment clean and tidy. You might ask yourself,"Have I ever picked up some rubbish and thrown it into a dustbin?Have I ever collected waste paper or bottles for recycling?Have I ever planted any trees or flowers in or near my neighbourhood?"If your answers are"Yes",it means that you have already done something useful to improve the environment.

Now I want to say :Let`s do our best to make our world more beautiful!

Good morning,everyone! I`m very happy to have this chance to give my presentation. Before I start my speech, please let me ask you a question. Do you think you are confident in yourself? If you are, do please raise your hand.

My topic today is “ to Be a Confident Person.”

What is confidence? Confidence is to trust yourself. Confidence is to look upon yourself. It is not to indulge in self-admiration. It is not to get extremely arrogant. It is not to get dizzy with success or to be opinionated. It is just to inspire yourself ahead of a quality of mind, in high spirit, full of energy. It is to meet the challenges of life in a positive mood. It is to overcome your inferiority, farewell, to get rid of the trouble of a a ready-made panacea.

Remember, I have just entered junior high school. In the face of the challenge of new environment, in the face of so many new courses and learning contents, I lost faith in my own and gradually developed a psychological sense of inferiority. Achievement glided ceaselessly. It is a teacher and mother who encouraged me and let me regain confidence. Gradually, my grades got higher and higher and everything began to go on well. Gradually I adapted to the life in middle school.

Friends, let's say goodbye to inferiority. Let’s be a confident person. Because: only if you have self-confidence, can you control yourself; only if you have confidence, can you achieve success and create your a brilliant life of your own!

Wide sea diving, the days of the birds to fly. Everyone carries a dream of their own.

However, what is the dream? What is dream? Dream is looking forward to, and the dream is strong - is fleeting dream you insist on the ideal as their courage and perseverance, are you responsible for their own highest level. But ask yourself, how many of us to accomplish his original dream in mind?

Our dream is a simple belief, is a future and life of their own responsibility. Perhaps, is the Youth

grand ambitions; perhaps, is the adolescent confusion and impulsive; maybe just a plain desire, desire applause, eager for success. Countless "may," innumerable "hope" because of our youthful full of miracles, large and small dreams in our hearts, in every corner of life filled with fragrance.

Only the ideal but no effort is useless. If you want to be a teacher, you should to study hard. If you want to be a player, you should do more exercises. If you want to become a businessman, he should learn to get along with people. For example, my wish is to be a famous writer grew up, because I really love writing, so from now on, I should read more, more accumulate knowledge, and strive to improve writing level. No pains, no gains, because my efforts, so my article was punished in many newspapers , and in many composition contest, I see the success I'm happy, so, struggle is the bridge to the ideal.

Yes, my dream. to give my famliy a warm, give my friend happy. Yes, my dream. The podium from the first station began his love this place, started from the first published an article looking forward to the world of words, decided to stay here from the beginning, stick to bottom of my heart desire.

Years in our faces no matter how many additional traces, no matter how much things to us across the chest wounds, as long as we have the right to breathe, to have a passion for remodeling dreams! Oxygen to survive as long as we have to have the courage to create a passion!

Choose to continue, select the value, select the achievements of the passion of life, the brave hearts of the initial dream of success!

Good afternoon,everyone!My name is 's of great honour for me to stand here to talk to you I want to ask you a do you think we cannot afford to lose .…………ok!Then I will talk about my ideas about this my opinion,we cannot afford to lose !It's It is the most important thing to make us strong enough to face with all difficulties in your life. Have you ever been thought about giving upor quitting when you are in troubleHave you ever been fed up with your life that is full of worries and totally at sea while talking about your dreamMaybe you have,but I don't think it's a wise lose your dream,my friends!It's not only where your power comes from,but also the hope of your life.

Dream is the beacon,without dream,there is no secure direct,there is no life.

So we should take every effort to accomplish our 't let it becomes a it maybe just our dream,but some years later,it will become ture.

So come on,my friends,and I believe we all will gain 's all,thank you!

my favourite colour is green,we can see the colour

everywhere:tree leaves are green,grass is green and so is also a healthy colour,during our lives,we seeing this colour more often is good for our eyes,and why we dont called those natural food like red food,blue food or purple food? so you can understand how impotant it means life,hope youth and my favourite colour:green,i hope more and more people will like green like me.

thanks for listing!

classifying rubbish , improving environment good morning, respectable judges, teachers. today, standing here makes me feel really honored and excited. the title of my speech is classifying rubbish , improving environment.

personally, rubbish has been a big headache in beijing. as the year -- is coming ,every citizen has realized green beijing and green olympics will bring the far-reaching impact on beijing and even all china . the scense of rubbish nearly everywhere has given all of us a really bad impression, and i'm sure none of us wish to show off the bad side of beijing to athletes and journalists all over the world, for it would blemish the city's and even china's image and leave a bad reputation. so we really have to work hard on green olympics.

now, we are middle school students. we must improve the sense of protecting the environment and make a contribution to green olympics .

in our life, a lot of rubbish , such as waste paper, plastic bottles ,batteries and so on , is produced every day . after we learnt the passage make our environment more beautiful , we found a lot of rubbish thrown into dustbins could be recycled in fact during our discussion. so we thought it would be better if we could classify rubbish . we told our idea to our teacher and he supported us very much . we became volunteers to classify rubbish . firstly we got three big boxes and put them in a corner of our classroom . one is for waste paper , one for plastics and coke cans and the other is for batteries . with teacher's help ,soon all the students took part in the activity of classifying rubbish .in a month , we collected three boxes of paper , a box of batteries and a box of plastics and coke cans .we sold them for 28 yuan and bought some young trees with the money . we planted the trees around our school . we were all spoken highly of by our school principals. now we keep on the job and are all proud of improving environment .

the world trusts beijing .beijing still has a lot to do to reach the level the world expects, but we have the confidence to make beijing a green city. great changes are taking place, and not far in the future, beijing will be the focus of all worlds' attention. we'll grasp the opportunity and do our best to make the sky bluer, water greener and air fresher by the year --.

let's all wish the best for the -- olympics in beijing. thanks for your listening.

In China, almost every family has TV set in their house. Television has made great contribution to people’s daily lives and children’s education. Some people even think that television is one of the greatest inventions in the world.

But there is a good side and a bad side to everything and that includes the television.

On one hand, TV is a powerful educational tool that through it people know what is happening in the rest of the world. Because of television, people begin to understand different cultures and current affairs.

They know about the things they never knew before, they create their own opinions and form their sense of worth. The TV opens a brand-new door for them to explore the things they want to know. Many people may go traveling due to watch the beautiful scenes in TV.

On the other hand, some people may find them addicted to television, especially the young people.

They spend most of their free time watching TV programs instead of playing outside with their peers.

In this case, the children may lack of the ability of communicate effectively with others.

TV makes them isolated. What’ more, sometimes the TV programs may contain se-xual scenes or bloody scenes that not suitable for children to watch.

This will cause negative effects on them.

To sum up, I think television has both advantages and disadvantages, people should find a balance between it. Make the most use of it, don’t be the salves of it.

I feel so happy to have the chance to make a speech. The title of my speech is Protect the Environment, Protect Ourselves. I hope you will like it.

Everybody knows waste pa-pe-r and used coke cans are discarded everywhere. You might have seen plastic bags flying in the sky and getting caught in the trees when the wind blows or maybe you have seen old cans floating in the rivers and polluting the water. Our environment is the place in which we live, but it is being ruined by us.

There is a story about house and trees. It is said that a man’s house was surrounded by a lot of trees. Though the wind was strong, that man could have a good rest under the trees. How comfortable the life was!

One day, that man wanted to enlarge his house, so he cut down all the trees. Then the autumn came without the protection. The strong wind blew the roof of the house into the sky. The whole house was gone with the wind. What a pity!

But that’s the price people have to pay for destroying in the ecology balance. People shouldn’t be short-sighted. Protecting the environment is everyone’s task.

As you know, there are four kinds of pollution. They are air pollution, water pollution, waste pollution and noise pollution. But what can we do to solve the pollution? I think, firstly, we can make cars that don’t pollute the environment. We can ask companies to use modern clean technology.

In some big cities, we can limit the number of cars. Secondly, we can try to use lewater and make sure that we do not pollute the water. We can tell factories that they are not allowed to pour waste water into the lakes and rivers.

Thirdly, we should not throw rubbish in parks and cities. We can pick up rubbish if we see it. We can put more rubbish bins in our parks and cities. Fourthly, we can live far from the noise and make the laws to limit the noise.

Good morning ladies and gentleman. My name is Miller. I’d like to talk to you today about the topic of Traffic Jams in Shanghai. The purpose of this talk is to analysis the problem of traffic jams and try to make some advices in my view. I shall only take about four minutes of your times. I’ve divided my presentation into three parts.

First. Status. Yesterday, I went to XuJiaHui. I start my route at 1:00pm. When I arrived home, it was 8:00pm. I only use nearly 3 hours on shopping. That means I almost waste 4 hours on the way. That is the Traffic Jams Status in Shanghai.

Second. Reasons. I found that the traffic management is the most serious problem in the traffic system. In some important crossroads, there are no enough traffic police to do the traffic grooming. It’s irrational. We paid so much taxes, but we cannot comfort what we should get. For example, on the overhead, two cars had made a traffic accident. This leaded the traffic jams. We had not see the traffic police from start to end. It took me nearly 10 minutes on the overhead. It was happened yesterday.

Third. To solve it. What I can advice is just add more traffic polices in the important crossroads. It’s the most useful way to solve the traffic jams. Because yesterday when we nearly went out the overhead, the speed was increased obviously. We found several traffic polices in the crossroad. They commanded cars and then the traffic went well.

That brings me to the end of my presentation. Let me just run over the key points again. Traffic jams was made by several resources. To solve it, we can depend on the traffic police. But for ourselves, to drive more carefully, more reasonably, maybe is another way to decrease the traffic jams.

Thank you for your attention. Any questions?

也许这个就是你想要的MY FIRST EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC SPEAKINGPublic speaking was a challenge. When asked to give a twenty-minute speech by my mentor, I was so worried. In the evening before, I repeated those words to get ready. Finally I could not get sleep. On that day, standing in front of the audience, my legs were shaking. And I heard my voice was trembling. My mentor smiled to encourage me. When I relaxed, I recalled the words. When finishing, my speaking was getting fluent. The audience applauded loudly. I saw my friends were standing up, showing they were proud of me. Since then I’ve begun to like public speaking.

MY FIRST EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC SPEAKING

Public speaking was a asked to give a twenty-minute speech by my mentor,I was so the evening before,I repeated those words to get I could not get sleep.

On that day,standing in front of the audience,my legs were I heard my voice was mentor smiled to encourage I relaxed,I recalled the finishing,my speaking was getting fluent.

The audience applauded saw my friends were standing up,showing they were proud of then I’ve begun to like public speaking.

译文:

我第一次公开演讲的经历

公开演讲是一项挑战。当我的导师要求我做20分钟的演讲时,我非常担心。在前一天晚上,我重复了这些话以做好准备。最后我无法入睡。

那天,站在观众面前,我的腿在颤抖。我听到我的声音在颤抖。我的导师微笑着鼓励我。当我放松时,我回忆起这些话。当我讲完时,我的口语变得流利起来。

观众们大声鼓掌。我看到我的朋友们站起来,表示他们为我感到骄傲。从那时起,我开始喜欢公开演讲。

论文写作与发表指引pdf

《法学论文写作》百度网盘pdf最新全集下载:链接:

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《科技论文写作与发表教程(第六版)》百度网盘pdf最新全集下载:链接:

英语毕业论文选题与写作

英语论文选题方向:

一、语言学(语言学一般理论的研究)。

二、英美文学(英美文学的文化研究、作品分析等)。

三、翻译学(翻译理论与实践探讨、译本研究以及名家名著翻译作品对比研究等)。

四、英美文化(英美加澳新等西方国家文化以及与汉文化的比较研究)。

五、教学法(英语教学法、测试学等方面的研究)。

英语专业毕业论文题目大全

1、英语专业硕士毕业论文与本科毕业论文语言错误对比研究

2、应用型本科院校英语专业毕业论文的调查与思考

3、基于“大论文观”的英语专业毕业论文质量研究

4、新建本科院校英语专业毕业论文存在的问题及对策——以周口师范学院为例

5、独立学院英语专业毕业论文写作存在的问题及对策

6、英语专业毕业论文形式改革的思考与探索

7、英语专业本科毕业论文写作创新教育策略探究

8、新升本院校英语专业毕业论文写作探析

9、体育院校英语专业毕业论文写作现状——以北京体育大学为例

10、英语专业毕业论文选题中的问题及对策

11、顶岗实习任务的高职商务英语专业毕业设计模式构建思考

12、高职英语专业毕业论文问题实证研究

13、成人英语专业毕业论文错误分析及建议

14、影响英语专业毕业论文资料搜集的因素

15、高职商务英语专业毕业实习问题探析

Step 1:选题

人美在眼睛,文美在标题。英语专业的论文的选题很重要,选对了题,接下来的写作就会很顺利,否则不然。所以,在开题之前一定确定自己要写哪一方向的,包括翻译方向,语言学方向,英美文学方向,英美文化方向,英语教学法方向(限师范专业),其中这些大方向下面又可以细分为几个小的方向,逐级筛选,直到确定自己的题目为止。

Step 2: 开题报告

开题报告的写作很讲究,如果你开题报告确定了,那么就可以开始写正文了。开题报告包括5部分:(题目),(国内外研究现状),(选题目的和意义),(主题),(提纲),(参考文献)。

Step 3: 正文(重点)

开题报告确定之后,就要开始论文正文部分的写作了。开始写正文之前还有一个小插曲,那就是摘要部分的写作。摘要部分真的很重要。这个要反复修改润色之后才可以通过,因为导师主要看你的摘要,摘要要写的短而精,意思就是让你用最简明扼要的话把整篇论文的主题和内容给概括一下,达到让人一目了然的效果。

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1、 不确定性的狂欢——《达芬奇密码》的后现代主义解读2、 从文学文体学角度浅析《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中的反奴斗争3、 存在主义视域下《霍乱时期的爱情》主题解读4、 对《愤怒的葡萄》中美国农民“美国梦”幻灭的解读5、 基于荣格原型理论对《基督山伯爵》中唐泰斯的人格转化6、 分析家庭伦理视域下《推销员之死》威利悲剧命运7、 分析论《外婆的日用家当》中黑人女性8、 对待传统文化的继承与反叛论《天使与魔鬼》的创作手法及伦理抉择9、论《Sh'khol 》中母亲身份危机与重建10、浅析阿加莎克里斯蒂《无人生还》中的文学创作技巧11、从汤亭亭和格洛丽亚•安扎杜尔自传小说看美国少数族裔如何冲破语言禁锢12、浅析《儿子与情人》中保罗的俄狄浦斯情结13、探究≪麦琪的礼物≫中蕴含的圣经文化14、论舍伍德安德森笔下的怪诞人物形象 ——以《小镇畸人》为例15、犹太文化角度下《只争朝夕》中父子关系的探析

英语论文选题方向如下:

1、从跨文化的角度谈汉英思维及表达方式的差异;

2、论美国垮掉的一代;

3、美国牛仔的成功之路;

4、文艺复兴在英国文学史中的作用;

5、跨文化交际中英汉礼貌与面子;

6、中西方饮食文化的对比研究;

7、西方节日的变迁及文化内涵;

8、电影《喜福会》所表现的中西方文化差异;

9、中美教育制度及教育理念的对比研究;

10、英汉称谓的差异及其文化内涵;

11、希腊神话对英美文化的影响;

12、英汉商标对英美文化的影响。

选题注意事项

1、选你自己感兴趣的题目,毕业论文是个浩大的工程,要是不能写自己想写的,相信我,在这漫长的写作时间里,你会相当痛苦的。

2、题目不能太大,也不能太小,否则不好驾驭。最好是那种“从小角度看大问题”的题目。例如,我写喜福会这部电影,电影体现了中美文化差异,分别有婚姻观,家庭教育观等。

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