一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题 英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家（如海明威），某一经典作品（如《双城记》），某一写作手法（如象征手法的运用）或某一文学思潮（如浪漫主义运动）作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的（如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”），也可以是不同国别的（如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》）2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究（如“一般现在时及其交际功能”）。应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。3.翻译学：翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行：翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下，对翻译活动的研究更多一些，这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究（如“汉语成语的英译”）。应该注意的是，在对翻译活动作研究时，往往需要某种翻译理论支撑，总结规律，并对这一活动作出评价，要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
语言既是人类社会进行交际的重要工具，又是文化的重要组成部分，语言和文化密不可分。下文是我为大家整理的关于英语语言文化方面论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!
解读酒店英语中的语言文化
摘 要： 酒店服务人员应从与饭店英语相关的中西方文化知识出发，领会文化差异和语言差异，以矫正由于中西文化差异而带来的语言偏差，从而达到学习语言、吸收文化和服务客人的目的。
关键词： 酒店英语 语言文化 文化差异
一、引言
语言与文化密切相关，不同文化习惯的语言不可避免地会发生冲突，而跨文化语言沟通存在于涉外高星酒店服务的各个环节。因此，酒店英语不仅是语言知识的学习，而且是语言文化和交际技能的培训。语言的本质属性不是语言知识而是思维。当一个人不了解该语言所蕴涵的文化时，那必然会发生语用错误。
二、具有本质特性的酒店英语
酒店英语属旅游专业英语范畴，具有专业英语的针对性(pertinence)和服务英语的得体性(decency)。语言标准应为:明晰、通畅、表意得当。如：
Waiter:How would you like with your steak?Rare，medium or well-done?(请问您牛排要几成熟?三成，五成还是七成?)
Guest:Rare，please.(三成。)
通常，rare是“稀少”的意思;medium是“中间”的意思;well-done是“干得好”的意思。而出现在服务员为客人点菜的流程中，它的意思就非常具有专业英语的针对性了。语言学家吕叔湘先生对言语得体有这样的描述:“此时此地此人说此事，这样的说法最好;对另外的人在另外的场合说的还是这件事，这样的说法就不一定最好，就应使用另一种说法。”请看下面这组酒店客人和服务员之间的对话:
Guest:Hi，waiter，you speak beautiful English.
Waiter: Thank you，sir. Welcome to Holiday Inn.
Waiter顺应英语习惯欣然接受，而非按中文习惯去拒绝，说“No，no，My English is not good.”以示谦虚，否则只会使顾客感到莫名其妙，不知所云。由此看出，服务语言的得体性在酒店英语的情境应用中显现得淋漓尽致。
三、文化差异(Cultural Difference)在酒店英语中的体现
文化影响着语言学习的思维方式，因此中英两种语言文化交汇时，必然会发生冲突。语言学家曾指出:“在与外族人交谈时，本族人对于他们在语音和语法方面的错误较宽容。与此相反，违反说话规则被认为是不够礼貌的。因为本族人不大可能认识到社会语言学的相对性。”这种情况又被称之为“社交语用失误”，它主要是指由于文化背景差异，交际时出现语用习惯错误。在酒店服务岗位的英语使用时，中英文化的差异将会给酒店服务中的语言交流带来不便。
(一)招呼(Greeting)用语
按照中国的文化习惯，问候和打招呼时，常爱涉及对方本身，询问的内容显得十分具体。中国人见面打招呼时最喜欢用的口头语如：
“吃饭了吗?”(Have you finished your dinner?)
“上哪儿去?”(Where have you been?)
如果将上面的招呼用语拿来用在老外身上，定会令他们感到丈二和尚摸不着头脑。例如:在酒店，初次见面对一位英美女客人说：“Did you have your lunch?”她会感到非常诧异。因为在他们的文化里，这样打招呼是暗示邀请的意思。这也是酒店英语服务中服务人员要引以为戒的。
与之不同，英语国家人打招呼，通常以天气(weather)、健康状况(health)、体育(sports)或兴趣爱好(interest/hobby)作为话题。如：
What a lovely day!(今天天气真好呀!)
I like hiking，and you?(我喜欢徒步旅行，你呢?)
(二)介绍(Introduction)用语
中国人小学第一节英语课便学了“What’s your name?”这句话。而这句话伴随许多人长大，考过了四、六级，TOEFL，IELTS，但对于它在何种情况下使用却鲜有解释。实际上，英语国家的人在第一次见面时一般先把自己的名字告诉对方，如“I am ...”，对方会自然地说出自己的姓名。因此“I’m ...”这里可以直接译成“请问贵姓?”。即使在填写表格、面谈等场合需要问及姓名时，一般也只说“Your name，please?”或“May I have your name?”如果使用“What’s your name?”会有一种被审问的感觉。一般只有海关人员、警察采用这种问讯句式。因此酒店员工在客人check-in(入住登记)或check-out(办理退房)的时候，一定要注意礼貌而得体的问询，以免冒犯客人。
(三)称赞(compliment)和接受赞扬
在人际交往中，谦虚和低调是中国人崇尚的表达方式，常会用“哪里哪里”、“不行，差远了”来回应别人的夸奖。而西方人则认为实话实说才能友好往来，而会欣然接受来自他人的赞扬。也常用赞美作为交谈的话题，如赞美对方出色的工作等。面对客人的赞美，员工的回答应是:“Thank you.”如：
Guest:You did a good job!
Waitress:Ah，thank you.
(四)关于隐私(privacy)
在中国，初次见面询问对方年龄、婚姻、收入是很自然随意的事情。而倾向自我、独立和自由的英语国家的人，会认为这些内容涉及个人隐私。如：
Are you married?(你结婚了吗?)
What’s your salary?(你的薪水是多少?)
以上内容涉及个人隐私，服务员切忌问及客人此类问题。因此，当酒店员工对入住客人的基本情况不甚了解时，“Is your husband/wife with you?”或“How many children do you have?”这样的问话是不得体的。
(五)搭配词语(phrase)表达
搭配词语指词与词的横向组合关系。搭配是民族文化中约定俗成的，不能用中文的搭配思维去套用到英语里面。在酒店用语中经常用到的如:“红茶”英语为“black tea”，而“black coffee”用汉语表示为“不加糖的咖啡”;“红酒”在英语中是“wine”(不是red wine);而white wine中文也不译成“白酒”。因此在搭配词语运用时，同样要注意词汇表达中的文化内涵。
四、尊重语言文化、提高饭店英语应用能力
世界各民族由于历史渊源、思想方式、生活习性、审美观念、价值理念、宗教信仰等不同，从而产生了文化上的差异。语用能力的提高离不开目标语国家的文化因素，因此要增强文化意识、主动自觉地吸收并融入他人文化环境中。
在培养文化意识(culture consciousness)，理解语言内涵的同时，还应注重不同的文化有着不同的语用原则，注重词汇文化差异、句法文化差异及日常习俗文化差异来强化文化意识，为提高正确语用能力奠定基础。不能视酒店英语为简单的口语交流，必须增强对英语文化背景知识的学习，要树立英汉语言差异意识，懂得英语在不同语境中的应用，即掌握一些文化语用知识。
五、结语
综上所述，酒店服务人员应改掉以往只重视语言本身而忽视语言文化的不合理做法，把文化因素纳入语言之中，用英语进行有效得体的交际。努力培养文化习得意识并使文化的规范与语言技能的培养同步进行。不仅注意语言形式的正确，还要重视语言运用是否恰当。既要有母语和英语两种语言的对比语言学修养，又要有两国比较文化背景学方面的知识，这才是成为国际化酒店具有跨文化意识人才的首要条件。
参考文献：
[1]Denney 著.梁晓波，王才美，刘亚琴译.现代美国饭店经营与管理[M].湖南科技出版社，2001.
[2]鲍伯・里宾斯基著.李正喜译.专业酒水[M].大连理工大学出版社，2002.
[3]许元娜.提高大学生英语学习能力的研究[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报，2009.
[4]刘燕婷.旅游英语情景体验式教学初探[J].淮北职业技术学院学报，2009，(2).
浅析美式英语语言文化特点分析
摘要：美国文化是崇尚自由、平等和自我的文化，其包容性十分强，具有多元化的民族融合性。其核心文化特征是追求人人平等和自我价值的实现。这些文化特征在美式英语文化中有着深刻的体现。文章结合美国文化的产生背景对其语言分析特点进行分析探讨。
关键词：美式英语;语言文化;特点
引言
美国文化是一种非常独特的民族文化。从世界文化的区域和类型来说，美国文化属于西方文化范畴。但与其他西方文化相比，美国文化有着许多迥然不同的地方，它不但有别于与其有着亲缘关系的英国文化。而且有别于它的邻国加拿大和其他欧洲国家的文化。语言与文化的关系是水乳交融、不可分割的。
首先，语言体现了文化。一方面，语言是文化的一部分。根据文化的狭义定义，文化是从社会习得的知识。而语言则是人类对客观事实的认识和感受的反应，属于人类文化的一部分。另一方面，语言是文化的载体。因为语言是人类思维和交流的工具，也是人类形成思想的中介。本文试图从美国英语所反映的移民文化、价值观念、新文化等方面来分析美式英语语言文化的形成特点。
一、美式英语的形成背景
美国英语的形成与发展与美国的移民历史所带来的文化大融合有着密切关系。17世纪初，英国开始在北美进行殖民活动，在北美建立多个殖民地，而在殖民地的通用语言就是英语。之后不断有欧洲人移民到这片大陆上。自殖民地时期，美国英语就在多民族的接触与融合中从异族的语言文化中吸取营养，充实内涵，加快语言的多元化发展，形成美国英语的独特的融合特征。德语、法语、西班牙语、荷兰语和印第安语、黑人语言等移民群体的语言词汇不断渗透到美国人使用的英语里。
另一方面，美国政治、经济、人口结构和社会生活的特殊性，推动了作为社会交际工具的语言美国英语的独立与发展。在词汇、语音和语法结构等方面有别于英国英语的民族语言，美国英语的形成关键在于这个民族在新的社会和生活环境中不拘一格地创造和使用新词。而美国英语中丰富的新词都是出现在普通大众的言谈之中。
由于美国新社会特有的力量和群众性语言占据优势，因此，在美国，语言影响的流程是由下而上发展的。在美国英语中，最贴近生活和最能反映平民要求与社会生活特征的是俚语，俚语是美国英语词汇的主要来源之一。方言和俚语一样分布广泛，来自社会各个阶层，是美国民族语言的生命源泉，既有浓厚的民族文化内涵，又有丰富的表现力和多样性，大量的方言和俚语使得美国英语在较短的时间内区别于英国英语而成为美利坚民族的民族语言。
二、美式英语的语言文化特点
1、个体主义价值观及其在美国英语中的表现
美国文化以个体为本位，个人主义在美国发展到登峰造极的地步，是美国价值观的核心。它的主要内容是通过自力更生达到自我实现。与它联系最紧密的是自由平等竞争。机会均等和个人自由是实现自我价值的基本保障，而竞争是实现个人价值的根本途径。美国人在创造自己文化的同时，也创造了许多表现个人主义的词汇。最有代表性的如：self-absorption(自我专注)、self-limitation(自我制约)、self-cultivate(自我修养)、self-conquest(自我战胜)、self-admiration(自我赞赏)、self-control(自我控制)、self-dependence(自立)、self-reliance(自我依靠)、self-responsibility(自我负责)、self-advancement(自我发展)、self-salesmanship(自我宣传)、self-fulfilling(自我实现)、self-protection(自我保护)等。个体主义价值观特别重视对个人空间和私生活的保护和尊重。"privacy"(隐私)一词在美国人的意识中占有异常重要的位置。无论是在生活空间还是在情感处理上，哪怕是对一个未成年的孩子，都会尊重对方的选择和隐私。
2、美国英语与印第安文化
土著印第安人是美洲大陆最早的定居者，他们的祖先是具有亚洲蒙古人血统的游牧狩猎者，他们于后冰川时代跨过白令海峡来到北美大陆。从美国英语中可以找出许多反映印第安文化的词语。如山川、河流、湖泊等。美国英语吸收了约有2000个左右的印第安词语。
印第安人善于狩猎并拥有种植的技艺，因此很多动物和植物的名称都来自印第安语。如mose(麋)、pecan(美洲核桃)等。美国各州的名称，有一半是来自印第安语。如密苏里州(Missouri)、俄勒冈州(Oregon)、密西根州(Michigan)、马萨诸塞州(Massachusetts)、犹他州(Utah)等。另外，许多与印第安人的部落关系、生活方式、宗教习俗、农作物以及社会机构有关的词也来自印第安语。
3、美国英语使用的通俗化和标新立异的意识
美国人在词语的使用上有通俗化的特点，他们不喜欢咬文嚼字，说话力求形象、易懂。最能体现美国人用词通俗化的是美国俚语。美国俚语是平民百姓的语言，虽通俗形象不矫揉造作，但有些也难免流于粗俗，这些粗俗的俚语不宜登大雅之堂。但有时为了避免语言单调和落入俗套，上流人物甚至总统也敢离径叛道。贵为总统，出言粗俗，无非是想表明自己敢于向常规与正统挑战，在语言表达上突出自己的粗犷个性和创新意识。
汽车文化是美国社会的显著特点，美国人经常借用汽车的商标来比喻其他产品的质量和等级。如，美国Ford汽车公司曾生产一种滞销的Edsel牌汽车，于是，Edlse就常被用来比喻为"彻底失败的产品或人"。
结语
美国英语丰富多彩，反映了美国文化的千姿百态。而且，美国英语的每一个演变都有其社会背景和文化内涵，是与美国社会的发展齐头并进的。它们真实地反映了美国社会的发展历程，是美国各个历史时期社会活动和文化思潮的折射。在美国英语中，不仅蕴藏着美利坚民族特有的传统文化、价值观念和性格特征，而且也突出地体现了语言的时代特征。
参考文献
[1]李正国.从美国地名浅析美式英语来源[J].内蒙古民族大学学报.2007(03)
[2]陈凌.美国文化在英语中的投影[J].广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版).2001(02)
[3]张莉娟.美国英语所反映出的美国文化[J].陕西教育学院学报.2007(01)
众所周知,词语搭配逐渐开始在语言学及应用语言学领域占据一个比较重要的地位。如今搭配成为语料库语言学领域较为繁荣的方而。很多研究人员在这一领域有兴趣,语料库现在依赖于现代计算机技术,它可以运行数千万字的文本。现在,基于语料库的研究都集中在对数量足够大的自然语言词汇重复模式方面的深入探讨。本文将基于语料库讨论商务英语中关键词汇的词语搭配。论文共分为五个部分。在第一部分中,将把本论文的研究背景详细阐述,同时也将明确指出本论文的目的和意义。同时也会对论文的组织结构进行概述。‘文献回顾中,总结了语料库和语料库语言学相关的文献,提供了搭配的相关信息以及它的具体定义和关键词等。这是我们研究的基础数据收集程序。通过计算列出数据,同时处理结果,并以科学和系统的方式加以分析。词表将被计算出来后,根据结果和比较,同时确定关键字。对于选择出来的四个关键词将被讨论,集中在词语搭配方面。最后,对商务英语语料库中的关键词的搭配研究会作出一个总结,同时并为进一步研究该建议。It is well-known that collocations are gradually beginning to occupy a relatively important place in the field of linguistics and applied linguistics. Nowadays collocations become the flouring area of corpus linguistics. A lot of researchers are interested in this field. Corpora now relies on the modern computer technology, which can make the running texts of tens and thousands millions words possible. Recently, corpus-based research has focused on the importance of recurring patterns of lexis by looking at cUbktbTA蛛bUCz%^Lh
这方面的文章在VIP英语论文网上很多的哦，起头我也参考他们的范文，不过时间挺赶的，觉得一时也完成不了，不可能一两天就解决，后来直接让VIP英语论文网在线辅导老师帮我解决，非常专业的说，很快就给我了，呵呵。关于论文方面的问题可以去参考下。参考下这篇文章，或许对你有帮助英语已经成为国际学术领域的通用语,因此对旨在学术领域获得成就的未来的学者和研究人员们来说,用英语进行学术英文摘要写作是必不可缺的技能。摘要,作为学术论文的缩影,不仅能客观准确地描述科学研究,帮助读者迅速了解论文的主要内容,同时也成为科研人员掌握最新学术动态,向同行展示研究成果的重要工具。在科研文献急骤增加的信息时代,英语摘要已成为学术交流中传递信息的重要方式,其质量的好坏将直接影响到科研成果在世界范围内的传播和交流,因此对英文摘要的研究逐渐成为语言学研究的一个焦点。模糊限制语是英语摘要写作中常用的策略,它表明了作者对话语及读者的态度,给作者及读者都留下讨论的余地,体现了作者的科学态度及对同行的尊重。但是长期以来模糊限制语一直被人们忽视,甚至有的人认为使用模糊限制语是低劣文风的标志。一般来讲,英语摘要中模糊限制语的使用很少,因此很多人对它们在英语摘要中的情况了解不多,从不同母语的英语使用者角度对比分析英语摘要中的模糊限制语的研究更少。由于长期以来人们对模糊限制语及其用法认识不足,很多英语摘要的语言都显得武断和过于肯定。这一现象在以英语为二语者的英语摘要中更为明显。基于这一认识和这一领域以前的研究文献,本文尝试通过两个自建的英语摘要语料库,即以英语为母语者的英语摘要写作语料库和中国在读博士英语摘要写作语料库,对这两个语料库里模糊限制语的使用进行了定量和定性的对比研究。本文除去引言和结论外涵盖五章:第一章,文献综述。本章的第一部分详细介绍了模糊限制语的研究状况。首先介绍拉克夫(Lakoff)对模糊限制语的研究。拉克夫是第一个研究模糊限制语语义的语言学家。他指出语义界限有一定的模糊性,并强调模糊限制语是最有研究价值的,模糊限制语不但可以改变命题的真值程度,还可以揭示出命题意义的其他方面;其次介绍普林斯及其合作者(Prince et al)对模糊限制语的研究。他们将模糊限制语分成两类:一类是变动型模糊限制语,一类是缓和型模糊限制语。变动型模糊限制语或者改变话语的原意,或者对原来话语意义作某种程度的修正,或者给原话语定出一个变动范围。缓和型模糊限制语不改变话语的真值条件,而是使其语气趋向缓和的词语。再次介绍了Varttala对模糊限制语的研究,其对模糊限制语的分类是本研究的主要依据。最后介绍中国第一个把模糊理论引进来并进行了广泛研究的伍铁平教授的研究情况。伍先生对限制语的研究是从语法和句法角度给予分类,且比较注重单个词意义的研究。第二部分综述国内模糊限制语的研究现状及仍需解决的问题。本章的第三部分阐述了本文所涉及的模糊限制语研究的主要理论依据。第二章,英语摘要中的模糊限制语。第一部分,介绍了语言学家对英语摘要概念达成的四点共识。本章的第二部分介绍了国际标准化组织(ISO)在1976年公布的一项至今仍然有效的国际标准,即ISO214-1976(E)中提出的论文及出版物摘要的四要素,即目的、方法、结果、结论。本章的第三部分分析了英语摘要的三个语言特点:准确性、完整性、简明扼要。本章的第四部分概述了英语摘要的国内外研究现状。章的最后一部分分析了模糊限制语在英语摘要写作中的作用。第三章,研究设计。首先介绍研究目的,通过统计分析两个语料库中模糊限制语的使用情况,归纳总结其异同点及产生差异的原因,以帮助中国英语学习者更好的在英语摘要写作中使用模糊限制语。其次介绍语料来源,研究程序以及本研究所采用的研究方法。为确保研究的有效性,作者建立了两个语料库,共计70篇英语摘要。其中35篇是由以英语为母语者所写的英语摘要,构成语料库NES Corpus,另外35篇是吉林大学在读博士所写的英语摘要,构成语料库CEL Corpus。语料库NES Corpus使用SPSS软件进行数据分析,而语料库CEL Corpus中的英语摘要多数采用传统印刷,因而主要进行手工统计,进行分析。本研究以Varttala对模糊限制语的分类为依据,对两个语料库中的模糊限制语的使用进行了定量、定性的对比研究。第四章,研究结果,首先根据Varttala对词汇形式的模糊限制语的分类详细描述两个语料库里各类模糊限制语出现次数、各类可细化的次种类、在全文中的使用频率(以每千词计算)进行统计、对比,并探讨了各种模糊限制语的功能。然后总结、对比模糊限制语在两类语料库中的种类、使用频率、各种模糊限制语占模糊限制语总数的百分比。最后统计模糊限制语在英语摘要四要素中的分布情况。第五章,讨论。根据以上所搜集的数据,对研究结果进行讨论。结果表明两个语料库中模糊限制语使用的共同点为:1.均存在大量模糊限制语;2.其中表认知的动词出现频率最高;3.模糊限制语更多出现在英语摘要导言和讨论部分而非研究方法和结果部分。中国在读博士英语摘要语料库和以英语为母语者英语摘要语料库中模糊限制语使用的不同点为:1.在模糊限制语的种类方面,前者仅为后者的二分之一;2.前者中较少使用名词和形容词形式的模糊限制语;3.前者中更多使用较强的情态动词形式的模糊限制语;4.前者中没有核心模糊限制语。本文作者随后讨论了出现这些现象的原因。客观世界的复杂性决定模糊限制语的普遍存在;同时英语摘要的语言特点要求英语摘要写作使用模糊限制语。导致两个语料库中模糊限制语使用存在差异的原因有很多,其中对英语的掌握程度及存在的文化差异是影响中国作者使用模糊限制语的最明显因素。同时不了解学术团体共同遵循的规则也是不可忽视的因素。针对以上谈到的异同点及影响因素,提出了一些切实可行的措施,期望能够在英语摘要教学中提高中国作者使用模糊限制语的意识及在英语摘要写作中恰当运用模糊限制语的能力。最后一部分是全文的总结。通过以上论述和分析,作者证明了母语不同的英语摘要写作者使用模糊限制语存在差异,提出了一些有利于教学实践的帮助性建议。本研究讨论了词汇形式的模糊限制语的使用情况,作者希望以后能够在其余方面继续完善英语摘要写作中模糊限制语使用的实践。如果你还有什么不懂的，自己咨询VIP英语论文网也可以，老师的态度很好
初中阶段是英语教学的重要阶段，这一时期打牢英语根基，学生今后才有可能学好英语；如果这一时期学不好英语，学生今后更学不好英语；同时教师在英语教学中起着重要的作用。下文是我为大家整理的关于初中英语教师论文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考! 初中英语教师论文篇1 试探初中英语渗透 文化 摘 要：语言与文化互相影响，互相作用，理解语言必须了解文化，理解文化必须了解语言。文化是形形色色的，语言也是多种多样的。语言是文化的基石――没有语言，就没有文化;从另一个方面看，语言又受文化的影响，反映文化。 关键词：初中;英语;渗透;文化 语言是交际的工具，语言教学的最终目的就是为了能在生活中交流，运用。而交际能力的核心就是使学生能够运用所学语言在不同场合中对不同对象进行有效的，得体的交际。不同国家，民族之间的文化有着很大的差异，交际失败往往因文化误解而引起的，而忽视社会文化差异的言辞不当就更让人接受不了。因此在英语教学中，教师帮助学生认识中西文化差异，正确地理解中西语言差异，是教学中必不可少的。 一、语言与文化相互作用 语言是文化的一部分，语言又受文化的影响。有些社会学家认为，语言是文化的基石――没有语言，就没有文化;从另一个方面看，语言又受文化的影响，反映文化。可以说， 语言反映一个民族的特征，它不仅包含着该民的历史和文化背景，而且蕴藏着该民族对人生的看法、生活方式和 思维方式 。语言与文化互相影响，互相作用，理解语言必须了解文化， 理解文化必须了解语言。文化是形形色色的，语言也是多种多样的。由于文化和语言上的差别。 互相了解不是一件容易的事，不同文化间的交流常常遇到困难。 学习一种外语不仅要掌握语音、语法、词汇和习语 而且还要知道择这种语言的人如何看待事物，如何观察世界;要了解他们如何用他们的语言来反映他们社会的思想、习惯、行为;要懂得他们的“心灵之语言”，即了解他们社会的文化。实际上，学习语言与了解语言所反映的文化是分不开的。语言是文化的一部分，并对文化起着重要作用。有些社会学家认为，语言是文化的基石――没有语言，就没有文化;从另一个方面看，语言又受文化的影响，反映文化。 因此，语言不仅仅是一套符号系统，人们的语言表现形式更受语言赖以存在的社会文化的制约和影响。文化内涵是语言交际的具体内容，文化意识是语言交际的思维基础不了解语言背后的文化，只是形式，而不注意语言的内涵，就不可能真正掌握这种语言。 二、语言于文化相互渗透 (1)语言教学有助于避免文化交际中出现 “文化错误”。为什么西方的笑话，在中国笑不起来?为什么在中国广为传颂的传统美德“谦虚”，在西方则被认为是无能的表现?在东方，更强调集体表现和集体主义精神，在西方，则强调个人表现和个性张扬，他们认为， 不愿显露自己才华的人，是不可思议的和奇怪的。以上问题的症结，归根到底是文化差异问题。在跨文化交际过程中，经常出现的文化错误主要表现在称呼方面、 问候语 方面、对赞扬的反应方面、谈论的话题、词语以及文化内涵方面的差异等。 (2)文化教学有助于英语语言知识的学习。美国 教育 家斯宾赛提倡“快乐教育”，要尽量激励学生的学习兴趣，带着快乐的情绪去学习知识变求知为一件快乐的事。轻松愉快的课堂气氛，师生情感的融合，就能激励起学生对 英语学习 的浓厚兴趣，积极主动地参与教学活动，学生获得情感的满足，从而更好的完成学习目标。因此，适时适量渗透文化知识教育， 尤其是跨文化交际中需要注意的知识 ，恰是调动气氛的良好工具。 (3)文化教学有助于提高学生的文化素养。在英语教学中渗透有关西方的文化知识，不仅可以使学生接受异国的文化，还可以在进行文化对比的同时，对本国文化有更深刻地理解，从而形成正确得体的交际，培养学生的世界文化意识，并能有意识地提高自身的交际能力。 三、语言中如何渗透文化 1.课堂教学渗透文化 毫无疑问，课堂教学是跨文化意识培养的主要途径，教师要通过课堂讲解渗透英语国家的文化。 (1)充分利用现代教育技术和多媒体教学手段在教材授课过程中，利用现代教育技术和多媒体教学手段，制作出精美的课件让学生能够直观地感受到异国文化。通过制作一些相关的 PPt /flash，或是观看一些英语原声电影，动画片或是科普短片，不但能使学生更多地了解英语国家的文化，学到更多的科学文化知识，而且能增强学生的学习兴趣，帮助学生的语言学习，提高对异国文化的认知与欣赏。 (2)引导学生就同一主题进行中西比较。在教授校本教材过程中，可以引导学生就同一主题进行比较，如食品、习俗、节日等，从而加深对异国文化的理解。大的主题如节日 ―― 春节 和 圣诞节 ，将这两个重大的节日进行比较， 师生间的活动可以通过问答进行When's Christmas Day/Spring Festival? What do people usually do on Christmas Day/ at Spring Festival? Which do you like better? Why? 把西方的传统节日和中国的传统节日进行比较，一方面可以使学生加深对知识点的掌握，另一方面能是他们体会不同的文化差异。 2.课外活动渗透文化 文化的学习不应只限于课内，课堂外的文化教学也是一个很好的延续和补充，它能为学习者提供一个从量变到质变的过程。 具体 方法 为： (1)指导学生阅读有代表性的外国文学作品。文学作品是 传统文化 的积累，也是文化的精华部分。如《百万英镑》《双城记》《项链》等。 (2)编写系统地介绍文化知识的阅读材料。尽可能搜集一些目的语国家的政治、经济、社会、科技、艺术、习俗、历史、地理等各方面的材料，力求通过大量的阅读让学习者在不知不觉中增加自己的文化含量。如在平时的课外阅读中，让学生正确理解 big brother( 地面塔台的跟踪雷达)， brain drain(人才流失)， rain check(雨票， 即球赛因雨中断， 留给下次继续使用的原票票根)等这些跨文化背景知识。 总之，学习语言与了解语言所反映的文化是分不开的。英语教学不仅是帮助学生掌握语言基本技能的过程，更是一个引导他们理解目的语文化、提高文化素养、培养跨文化交际能力的过程。 因此在今后的中学英语教学中我们应该贯彻语言教学与文化教学同步的原则， 在教学中有意识地向学生渗透文化教学，使我国的英语教学适应社会发展的需求，从而促进英语教学的发展。 初中英语教师论文篇2 浅析初中英语情景教学 摘 要： 教学方法 新颖又富有启发性，可激发学生的学习兴趣，使学生感到有趣、有味、有奇、有惑。 关键词：初中英语;情景教学 兴趣是最好的老师。教学方法新颖又富有启发性，可激发学生的学习兴趣，使学生感到有趣、有味、有奇、有惑。英语教学中，巧用情景教学法不失为一条锦囊妙计。创设情景的方法很多，结合笔者多年来的教学实践，从课堂教学和课外教学两方面着手， 总结 如下： 一、初中情景教学法的提出 语言是一种社会现象，人类语言学家都强调语言和它的社会环境的联系性和不可分离性。人脑对客观情景的反映用语言记载下来，所以语言是客观环境的反映。人们运用语言进行交际活动时，离不开社会语言情景。 在英语教学过程中，学生只有在真实的语言情景或模拟的情景中才能更好地组织思维，理解具体情景中所传递的信息和语言材料，触景生情，激发表达思想的欲望，从而促进培养运用英语理解和表达思想的能力。而情景教学法可以激发学生学习激情，培养学生浓厚的学习兴趣，促成学生智力因素和非智力因素的发展，从而从整体上正确理解和运用语言。 二、初中情景教学法的概述和意义。 情景，即：(具体场合的)情形、景象。所谓的情景教学就是根据教学内容为学生创造出一种和谐的语言环境，并通过教师本人的语言、动作、表情及姿态传递给学生，从而以情激情，以情促知，以情育人，实现知与情的统一、优化，最终达到激发学生学习的兴趣。情景教学法的特色是言、行、情三者融为一体，其核心是激发学生的情感，以引起学生一定的态度体验，从而帮助学生理解和获取知识或技能，并使学生心理机能得到发展的方法。 情景教学法在英语教学中的作用主要体现在以下几个方面： 1、情景教学使语言更直观，贴近学生生活和思维方式，激发学生自主学习兴趣，在学习和掌握课本知识的同时，活跃课堂学习气氛，达到学以致用的目的; 2、情景教学设计的内容一般可选用课外相关内容，拓展学生的知识面，根 据不同个体的 爱好 兴趣，自主选择不同内容; 3、情景教学对英语掌握程度不同的学生创造了一个平等的语言交流的舞台。在教学过程中，很多问题的提出没有唯一的答案，可以让每个学生都得到能力发挥的机会，谈自己的观点和见解，调动学生的学习积极性。 三、初中情景教学法的策略 1、培养学习兴趣 “兴趣是一个人倾向于认识和研究某种事物的一种心理活动，是学生求知的富有生气的内动力，是学习动机中最活跃的因素。”“兴趣是最好的的老师”，只有激发学生的学习兴趣，才能提高他们的学习动机，让他们积极踊跃地参与到课堂中来，才能使课堂气氛活跃，并且提高他们 学习英语 的自信心。 据调查发现，一个学校有一半多的学生对英语不感兴趣，特别是乡村中学。为什么会出现这种情况呢?有些学生是觉得单词量太多，背了又忘，忘了又背，花了很多的时间去对付单词，可是考出的成绩又不理想，后来干脆不去背单词。 还有些学生觉得上英语课特别枯燥乏味，教师只知道满堂灌，根本不管学生接受与否，而学生只是带着耳朵来，充当一名速记员，不能参与到课堂中来。这样的课堂气氛相当沉闷，导致学生对英语失去了兴趣。因此如何让学生积极地、踊跃地参与到课堂中来呢?这时情景教学便适应这种趋势，它能使学生积极地、主动地参与到课堂中来，让学生由“要我学”，转为“我要学”，学习英语变为了一件快乐的事情。 2、创设真实情景 英语教学本身就是一个真实的情景。教师从走进教室的那一刻起，直到课堂教学结束，离开教室为止，就是一个自然的、真实的、生动的、丰富多彩的语言交际情景。因此，教师要充分利用这个英语教学的真实情景，尽量用英语组织教学，把单纯传授知识的课堂转换为使学生自然习得语言的场所，体现学生的主体性。如教师进教室时，亲切地与同学们进行如下交谈，提供给学生一个真实的语言实践的机会。T：“Hello， boys and girls.”Ss：“Hello， Miss Cai.”T：“How are you， ×××.”S1：“Fine， thank you， and you?”T：“I’m OK. What about you， ×××.”S2：“I’m not very well.”T：“Oh， I’m sorry to hear that. What’s the matter?”S2：“I have a cold.”T：“Oh， I think you’d better go to see the doctor after school.”S2：“OK. Thank you.”在这亲切的交谈中，教师纯正的母语式的教学和亲切的师生间的互动活动，使学生乐于用英语进行交际。 把英语课堂变成一个师生间，生生间进行交际的语言环境。在这种环境中，学生自然而然地产生了了解这种语言的欲望和用这种语言与他人交际的意识，且日积月累，学生对语言的感知也愈来愈深。又如： 八年级 上M5 Unit 1 You like western classical music ，don’t you ?先播放了一首著名的歌曲 “The Blue Danuble ”，这时学生被轻松优雅的乐曲所吸引，会唱的学生还跟着节奏轻轻的哼了起来，之后我说：We all enjoyed this music. It’s so nice and some of us can even sing，but do you know who sang this song?有些知道的学生就说Strauss. 接着教师问：Where did he come from?知道的同学争先恐后的回答，然后再播放几首曲子，问他们是属于那种类型的音乐，西方的还是传统的，各种类型音乐的特点是什么?自然而然的将学生进入了新的课程的学习。 3、进行直观情景 以图画、 简笔画 图画、简笔画与动作，进行直观情景教学，使学生眼看实物，耳听声音，这样不仅使教学具体生动，而且能激发学生的学习兴趣。如教七年级上Unit2 Topic2 Section C，上课之前，让每个同学准备好三样物品：最喜欢的体育明星的照片、国旗(图片)以及他们国家著名建筑或自然风光的图片。上完课后，让学生用这些物品两个一组进行问答，介绍中要包括句型：What’s his/her name? His/Her name is---. Where is he/she from? He/She is from ---.这样，学生不仅掌握了课堂知识，而且了解了一些课外知识，让学生对英语越来越感兴趣。 采用简笔画教学，同样能让学生对英语不厌烦。例如七年级上Unit1 Topic3 Section B，我用简笔画进行教学，在教学课程中，我边画边问，T： What’s this in English? Ss： It’s a car.或是让学生到黑板前画简笔画，并且边画边让他问。这样，不仅学生学习了日常用语，而且学到了一些简笔画的知识，培养了他们动口和动手的能力。 初中英语教师论文篇3 浅谈初中 英语阅读 课七步教学 初中英语新教材、新大纲中规定，初中英语教学要突出培养学生的运用能力，2013年中考明显增加了阅读理解的题量，初一、初二教材增加了阅读课课量。由此可见，如何提高学生的阅读能力，在课堂上如何渗透培养学生阅读能力，综合听、说、读、写训练，提高课堂教学效率，是广大英语教师努力追求的方向。 近几年来许多英语教学书籍，把培养学生阅读能力作为英语阅读课课堂教学的重要目标，在课堂教学中突出对学生学法指导，体现学生的主体地位，发挥教师的指导作用。我在多年的教学实践中，归纳出英语阅读课七步教学法，即：预学、导学、听读、设疑、复述、解难、查测。 一、预学 在教学课文前，要求学生做好 课前预习 ，借助词典、单词表或有关资料，能对 文章 内容有大概的了解，初步完成Workbook中所给出的问题，能整体把握作者的思路和文章结构，不懂的字词句让学生在预习时划出来，留到课堂上或课后解决。把这一课前预习，作为提高阅读课教学效率的第一步，不无原因，新大纲中明确要求学生要有一定的预习能力，且学生预习效果的好坏直接影响课堂教学的效率。坚持要求学生课前预习不但可以提高他们的预习能力，而且可以提高他们的听课效率。并且每篇新学课文就是一篇典型的阅读训练题，坚持预习可增强学生的阅读能力。 二、导学 在教学整篇文章前，教师把整篇文章浓缩成一段精彩的片段，把重点的词组、 句子 ，溶入其中，通过现有的教学工具，如挂图、幻灯等媒体，展现出文章的基本 故事 形象。通过教师的介绍和师生之间的双边活动，把整个故事梗概及重点的语言点呈现出来，并作适当的板书，把握课文重点，为下面进一步理解课文奠定了基础。导学是一堂课的开始，“良好的开始是成功的一半”，导学部分，教师不能忽视，教师应精心设计，引人入胜，要把学生带入特定的意境，激发学生的好奇心，激起学生的求知欲望，提高学生的听课质量。 三、听读 学生在初步感知整篇文章内容后，让学生进行听的练习，在听之前可以提一、二个问题，问题要有代表性，要让学生听完整篇文章后才能得出答案，这样既培养了学生的听力，又培养了学生的整体理解力。如果文章比较长，可以选择部分重点段落，给学生听。听完后，核对答案，朗读课文。朗读课文可视学生理解情况作不同的要求，可以是模仿性跟读，也可以是学生集体朗读或分组阅读，或个体练读。在读的过程中要做到口、眼、耳、脑同时并用，提高记忆能力。另外，还应注意语气、神态，要通过朗读做到心领神会。 四、设疑 学生听读后，已经对文章有了进一步的理解，这时要求学生默读文章，解决教师精心设计或练习册中设计的T/F判断题或问答题。在设计问题时应注意这几点：①先易后难;②先理解后拓展;③先浅后深，兼顾两头。通过设疑检查学生对文章的理解程度，了解学生是否把握文章的中心、重点。 五、复述 复述课文是阅读课课堂教学的升华，是培养学生组织语言连贯表达的重要训练手段之一，通过复述对所学文章有更深层次的理解，变文章中的语言为自己的语言。会说才会写，坚持复述，既培养了学生的理解能力，又培养了学生的口头表达能力。复述的方法多种多样，如视图复述法、列表复述法、问题连结复述法、课文概要复述法、缩扩复述法、变更复述法等，在课堂教学中应注意不断交换复述方式;多种形式混合交替使用，不让学生感到单调乏味，增强课堂教学兴趣。 六、解难 所谓解难，就是指英语课堂教学中排忧解难的过程，是强化重点，突破难点的必经之路。解难的形式大体有两种，一种是由教师提出文章中较难理解的语言点，由学生思考、讨论，然后解答;另一种是学生将预习时或经过课堂教学后还有疑惑的问题提出来，由学生提出，师生共同讨论解答。这一过程可以培养学生的思维能力，培养他们在学习中发现问题、解决问题的本领，便于教师及时发现学生在学习过程中存在的问题。在这一过程中，要充分发挥教师的指导作用，精讲精练，点拨到位，启发学生思维，节省课堂时间，扩大课堂容量，提高课堂效率。 七、查测 这一步骤主要是检查学生课堂学习的效果，了解学生掌握情况，及时反馈教学信息。查测内容一般是课文教学中的重要语言点，也可以是拓展性问题。查测形式可以是口答、也可以是笔试。用不同的方式检查学生还有哪些知识没有掌握，哪些知识没有完善需要补充或提高，进而尽量达到优化课堂教学的目的。 使用阅读课文七步教学法进行阅读学习有以下几个优点： 1.遵循“整体--部分--整体”的教学原则，可以使学生整体理解文章，保证内容的完整性、连续性。 2.能把听、说、读、写综合地运用到课堂教学中，调动学生各个器官协调活动，使之更好地学习语言。 3.把一个课时分为几个阶段教，让学生由易到难，由浅入深地阅读、理解文章，使之用脑更科学，记忆最有效。 4.各个环节，井井有条，环环相扣，相辅相成，使学生感到从语言输入到语言输出，既自然又顺理成章，从而克服畏惧心理，调动学生学习积极性，提高课堂教学效率。 5.充分体现英语实践课的特点，更好地显示学生的主体地位、教师的指导作用，改变以教代学的满堂灌局面，重视学生学习的全过程。 6.重视了学生的学法指导，培养了学生的运用能力，激发了学生学习兴趣，提高了学生的阅读能力，使之在阅读中获得无穷乐趣。 总之，英语阅读课教学方法、教学模式多种多样，教无定法，只要能在教学中充分体现学生的主体地位，发挥教师的指导作用，重视学生的学法指导，打破固定的思维模式，培养学生的阅读能力，这样的教学方法与教学模式都是值得提倡的，教师应在教学中不断地摸索，完善自己的教法，把创新观念运用于教学中，提高课堂教学效率。 猜你喜欢： 1. 初中英语教师论文 2. 初中英语教师教育论文 3. 初中英语教师工作总结及反思 4. 优秀英语教师自我总结 5. 英语教师个人发展总结
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
下面是我整理的高中英语 议论文 范文 ，欢迎大家阅读!
高中英语议论文范文：The Olympic Games
The Olympic Games, first held in 776BC, has a history of more than one thousand years. The modern Games is held every four years. Many countries try their best to bid for hosting the Olympic Games. And every country does its best to get more medals in the Games.
There are five rings on the Olympic flag, which are considered to symbolize the five continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania and America. The Olympic motto is: "Swifter, higher, stronger." The Games can promote the understanding and friendship among different peoples and different nations.
高中英语议论文范文：Internet Changes Life
Internet Changes Life
Globally, we have moved from a culture centered on network television, cable, AM and FM radio and telephone into a digital society with mass media,streaming information, intelligent shift to a digital economy, best demonstrated by the explosive growth of the Internet, is transforming everyday products and expressed in soft wares, chips, communication systems, financial institutions and mass media have enormous leverage emails and online shopping, the Internet promises to change dramatically huge spectrum benefits can be well illustrated in the following aspects.
在全球范围内，我们已经从一个 文化 中心为网络电视，有线电视，AM和FM收音机，电话的社会进入到以大众媒体，信息流，智能计算机的数字社会。转变 成数字经济，最明显体现在互联网的爆增，它正在改变日常产品和实践。思想体现在软件，芯片，通信系统，金融机构和大众媒体拥有巨大的全球影响力上。除了电 子邮件和网上购物，互联网还承诺大改光谱活动。它的好处可以在以下几个方面说明。
In the first place, it contributes to escape us from laborious work, save our time, facilitate our , with computer’s extensive reach into every corner of the world, a perspective of human life can be shown only with a single matter where we are, in school, business workshops, operating rooms, labs, banks of halls of government, the Internet appears to reflect a perspective of human , computer profits us by relaxation and entertainment it provides.
首先，它有助于我们摆脱费力的工作，节省时间，方便了我们的生活。其次，计算机的广泛延伸到世界的每个角落，只需一个单一的按键就可以透视人类生 活。不管我们在哪里，在学校，企业车间，手术室，实验室，银行政府大厅，因特网似乎都可以反映人类生活。此外，电脑不仅提供放松和娱乐还有利润。
But on the other hand, some people debate that it is also inconvenient, waste the time, isolated us from people, and make our lives more people repair the most sophisticated computer but can’t mend a pair of in fact, computer collapse the distances and demolishes all computer is a blessing or a curse, depends on
高中英语议论文范文：My View on Mistakes
Mistakes are something done, said, or believed, as a result of wrong thinking or understanding, lack of knowledge or skills. No one is perfect, and no one never makes any mistakes.
Because many people are afraid of making mistakes, they don't believe, say or do much. They behave like this just because they want to make no mistake. As I said, it's impossible, Being afraid of making mistakes is a mistake through mistakes can there be discovery or progress. Making mistakes for pursuing truth is much better than doing nothing. Failure is the mother of success. Many scientists may make a great number of mistakes before they make any discovery. If we humans didn't make mistakes, we would make no progress and still live a primitive life.
Mistakes are the best teachers who guide us through difficulties. Don't let mistakes scare you. Let's learn from mistakes.
高中英语议论文范文：自律不容易
When people are in the public, they have the sense that they should not speak loudly in the public place and they should not jump the line and so on, these are rules for them, though it is not the law makes it, but the power of morality. Self-behave seems easy to do, but when the great temptation comes, self-behave will be changed quickly.
当人们身处公共场所的时候，他们意识到不应该在公共场合大声说话和不应该插队等等，这些是规则，虽然法律没有规定，但是这是道德的力量。自律看起来很容易做到，但是面对巨大的诱惑时，自律很快就会被打破。
It has been reported that in Hong Kong, a police car which was loaded with crash attracted many people to grab the money when the crash slipped down from the police car. It was such crazy, the money should be handed to the band, while on its way to the bank, people grabbed some and then left quickly. Two days later, the police found back most of the money, some people who refused to return the money were caught into the prison.
据报道，在香港，一辆装载着钱的警车，当现金从警车上滑下来的时候，吸引了很多人去抢。这是多么疯狂啊，钱本应该上交到银行，然而在运去银行的途中，人们拿走了一些，然后快速离开。两天以后，警察找回了大部分的钱，一些拒绝还钱的人被抓到，并坐牢。
Self-behave is not easy, people are easy to obey the public rules on the small issues, while when the great temptation comes, these rules are easy to be broken. The one who can refuse to the great temptation can say he is totally self-behave.
自律不容易，人们很容易遵守关于小事的公共规则，然而当面临巨大诱惑的时候，这些规则很容易就会被打破。谁能拒绝大诱惑，谁就能说他是完全的自律。
高中英语议论文范文：
Nowadays, we can see some boys and girls who live in a small world of their own. They bury themselves among books and are proud of themselves. They think that it will make them lose their face if they do housework for they often think themselves very noble.
These young people are wrong. In my opinion every student should have a knowledge of housework. After all, they will have a family of their own, and they should do their part in keeping a good home. Boys should also learn to do housework, for what will they do if they remain single? Though not all boys remain single, yet they will be very helpful in the family if they know some housework. Anyhow they will not lose anything, but, on the contrary, they will gain something useful.
For what I said above, we can find some examples of our fellow-students studying abroad. All young men do housework as girls do. Someone would argue that we can employ servants. This is true. However, what shall we do if the servant leaves us and all things are left to ourselves? We just cannot leave our clothes as they are and let worms and ants eat them up. And what can we do it we go and study in a foreign country where servants are out our means to employ?
We must work for ourselves. Why not start to learn to do housework now or else it will be too late?Everyone should learn to do housework. What do you think about my idea?
以下是为大家整理的关于高中英语议论文范文及议论文指导的文章，供大家学习参考！ 写一篇以 About Examinations 为题的议论文。要求 200 个词左右。 提示： 1. 自从我上学以来不知经历了多少次考试。 2. 有人认为考试是老师的秘密武器，我却不以为然…… 3. 这是我国的制度问题，……要改革考试。 4. 建议必要处增加一些细节。 拟用词语： 1. magic weapon 秘密武器 2. reform the entrance system 改革考试制度 About Examination I don't remember how many examinations I've taken since I began my schooling. To tell the truth， I don't like examinations at all. I dare say that， in fact， no student likes examinations. We often hear people say “Examinations are teachers' magic weapon”， so most of us may think it is our teachers who give us students so many examinations. But I don't think so. Almost all of them have once been students before they became teachers. We don't like examinations， and neither do our teachers， which may be reasonably concluded. What's more， the more examinations we take， the more time will be taken from our teachers and the more trouble our teachers have to take. It is the system in our country， I think， that gives us students so many examinations. If there were no entrance examinations， and all the students could go up to the higher grades without competition， there would not be so many examinations in primary and middle schools. So it is important and necessary to reform the test system. Only in this way can examinations be greatly reduced， and then all the students will be happier.
在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等 教育 体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于 毕业 英语论文 范文 大全的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》 读后感 [摘要]：《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海 故事 。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题，诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来，宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微，水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情，最后水手内心发生转变，以新的态度对待自然，为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]：老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父，被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学，熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学，与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命，但又都害怕革命暴力，于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区，致力于写诗，并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，于是远离城市，隐居于昆布兰湖区，寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇，以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年，两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国 留学 ，被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区，与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾，故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加，1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物，令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真，并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设，不仅影响过他的同时代人，也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈，而且，对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者，仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位，是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。 二、《苦舟子咏》简介 《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事：一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开，赶快去赴宴，却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住，不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风，暴风过后，这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此，厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中，那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动，老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去，仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船，水手们一个个都死在甲板上，每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人，只有他没有死。后来，他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦，使死尸们站了起来，仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风，船却渐渐地移动。于是，这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸，出来迎接。但在他到这船之前，它却突然地沉下了，留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来，他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦，便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着，一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来，方才觉得舒服。 三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的 口号 是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张，又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用，而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步，因为它否定了人身依附关系，肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权，肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话，肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以，它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展，对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。 西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在，万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为：上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。 在这两种思想的支配下，作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁，表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意，违反自然规律，射死了无辜的信天翁，必然要受到惩罚。于是，灾难来了：风停了，船无法前进，阳光酷热，水手们口干舌燥。这时候，有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆，将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时，老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是，他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为，在道德情感系统中，羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后，就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为，道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说：“凡出自不公正的情感所作的，就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好，并且情感的内容有益于社会，而且还是以有益于社会方式施行，或有所感动，这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现，表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制，常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中，痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的，是低级形式的羞耻感，可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么，羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚，只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物，它激活潜在的思维和力量，专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为，促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏，那他将对道德不屑一顾，达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时，羞耻感要以自尊为前提，一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的，更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近，没有自尊的防卫，就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻，惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误，于是惶惶终日，不断自责自己。 事态进一步发展，在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了，但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去，只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重，导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中，一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析，是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情，感情是对需要的体验，是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素，推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素，推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后，良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为，它便于进行自我谴责，使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责，往往能形成一种力量，促使人们改正自己的行为。 后来，老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法，他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤，孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔，从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸，并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析，是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下，从而进行的对自己内心的深刻 反思 。通过反思，要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案，明白来者可追，逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中，要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思，主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。 故事的最后，老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕：他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人，让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众，承认自己的错误，说出自己的故事，解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔，但还是有种负罪感难以释怀，于是他渴望被人理解，宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样，当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候，不要封闭自己，找一个忠实的听众，把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好 方法 。 总之，柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称，其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶，生与死等哲学问题，宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上，而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面：时而风平浪静，沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起，一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时，柯尔律治并不熟悉大海，但他能凭借想象，使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织，把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体，充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上，长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉，炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体，而长诗的音韵与节奏之美，也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]： 《英美文学选读》 天津大学出版社出版 《英国文学简史》 河南人民出版社出版 《道德心理学》 中南大学出版社出版 毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的 文化 对比分析与翻译 一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段，为适应社会生产活动的需要，在符号的帮 助下产生的。"(苏金智，19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科 学的数字世界里，它的功能是计算，秩序严谨，职司分明，是 实数;而在人类 心灵的数字世界中，它的功能是表义，许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦，1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响，数 字的神化存在着东西方的差异 ，但也存在着共性，有着共同的规律。在"数的 灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天 数"，而西方人 也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚 化"的过程。( 王秉钦，1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文， 如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数 科学语言》(商务印书馆，1998)，英国人伦拉德·法 拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作 和论文，并开展过学术探 讨。如，王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围 比较 与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页， 语文出版社，1991，1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语 比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上，英汉文化对比专 业委员会会 员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模 式》展开了激烈的 讨论。本人认为东方人，尤其是中国人，自己心目中的天数 是"九"而不是"三"，也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。 二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析 在我国，人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色 彩的数字， 是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning)，在我国可 以说历时最久，涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一 般数字，在中国古代被 认为是一种神秘的数字，它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字，继而演化出"神 圣" 之意，于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋，便竭 力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天 分九层，极言其高，天证/诞日为正月初 九，天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例 如，北京 城有九门，天安门城楼面阔九问，门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。 汉语词汇中也常 用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓，如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。 根据阴阳五行与数的关系，万物之根均为数，宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10，五行也是数，按传统的五行 理论来划分，则1、2为木：1为阳木，2为阴 木。以3、4为火：3为阳火，4为阴火。以5、6为土：5为阳土，6为 阴土。 以7、8为金：7为阳金，8为阴金。以9、10为水：9 为阳水，10为阴水。这 就是将"象"、"数"与五行 结合起来推演变化，用以显示事物发展变化的内 在联系。由此看来，"九"是最大的阳数，象征着天。 传说 古 代中国人把天分 为九层，九层天是天的最高处，汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空， "九霄云外" ，"九天揽月"，"九天九地"等。另外，天坛，这个明清两代 祭天的场所，其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象 征意义。 民间传说中还有"九头 鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。 中国人以"九"为大数，刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道："凡数 指其极者，皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说："天地之数，始于一，终于 九。"因此，汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因 从"九"为数之 极而引出人生之限，故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎"，避讳有“九”之 岁。例如：“ 老太太因明年八十一岁，是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般 认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征，因 为"九"与"苦"同音，因此忌讳 "九"。然而，《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点 ，采 用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计，结果发现 将"九"作为姓的只占极 少数(约占)，而将"九"作为名的却不少(约 占35%)。看来，日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。 此外，《词源》中说："九：虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时，是数的一种 语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词 典》中，"九"的意思有三个：(1)数目，八加一 后所得;(2)从 冬至 起每九天是一个"九"，从一"九" 数起，二"九"、三 "九"，一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九，夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次： 九泉，三 弯九转等。因此， 汉语中有不少和"九"有关的 成语 。如："九牛一 毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。 在我国，数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十 分丰富。如，"九州"是指传 说中的我国上古行政区划，后用作"中国"的代 称。因此，有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns)，古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子，各有所好"。因此，《红楼梦》第九回 中用"一龙生九种，种种各 别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多，龙蛇混杂，好坏不一，各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外，在文娱、体育等词汇中，数字"九"也比比皆是。如， 许多歌名都以"九"开头："九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中，"九柱戏"(nine pins)，兵器中 有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。 地名中也有一些以"九"开头的，如"九 寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外，中国人常把" 九"看成 为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时，人们宁愿多出 钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比 如，湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。 在西方，数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说， "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。 英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中 对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多，分别有： 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members, baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。 其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有： a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律：数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运 用于文娱和体育活动中。如， 保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球 球场有一十八个洞：跳子棋的棋板上各 方均为九个孔; 古 时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来，数字"九" 也倍 受西方人的青睐。 总之，在东西方文化中，数字"九"含有以下主要共性： 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字， 其象征意义均有"神 圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中，数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。 数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于：对中国人来说，其神奇色 彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意 义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其 涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。 三、数字"九"的翻译问题 罗马西塞罗说过："翻译不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总风格和力 量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、 虚化了的"虚数"，"实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论，结合 东西方文 化的共性与个性，可采用如下的翻译方法，并遵循以下的翻译原则。 可采取的翻译方法主要有： (一)保留原数字 . We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了，它并没死，只失掉九条命中的一条。 这样翻译过来，人们很容易接受，因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语， 并能够促进东西方文化的融合 。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现"， 这样翻译可以加深对奈 达的"对等"和纽马克的"转 换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字 比如，"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如 ，"九九归一，还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均 舍弃了数字，转译其 形象意义。 应遵循的原则主要有： (一)民族性原则 比如，汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力"，《汉英词典》(外研社，1996)的译 文有三个："strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”，成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转 化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则 比如："匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子，月下嫦娥，那魂灵都飘到九霄云外 去了。"(《儒林外史》)， 其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译 文因遵循了"习语性原则"， 充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则 数字用于模糊意义时，一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时， 必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其 与 其它 的词结合后所产生的形象意义。 比如："飞流直下三千尽，疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 "，因此，可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢： 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
语言不仅是思维和交际的工具,同时也是社会 文化 的反应,并制约人们的思维。下文是我为大家整理的关于英语语言文化论文 范文 的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英语语言文化论文范文篇1 浅探习语语言在英语中文化要素 1 历史发展的文化要素 在历史发展的长河中，由于受民族迁徙、异域民族入侵、民族内部战争等因素的影响，语言被烙上了清晰的印痕。作为富含深层文化内涵的英语习语，更是深受这些因素的影响。在英国历史上，英法两个国家战争不断，其中以英法七年战争和英法百年战争最为著名，法国文化对英国文化影响很大，成为现代英语的三大来源之一。 例如习语French leav(e不辞而别)、French frie(s炸薯条)、stew in one’s own juic(e自作自受)等。其中Frenchleave 指在 18 世纪的法国流行一种参加宴会的客人不向主人告辞而自行离去的习俗。而在法语中，也有“英国式告辞(不辞而别)”之说。这也是两国人相互调侃的方式之一。历史上罗马人曾经统治英国达四百年之久，古罗马文化对英国文化的影响烙印深刻。英语中受古罗马文化影响的习语俯拾皆是，像Do in Rome as the Romans do(入乡随俗)、Rome was not built in a da(y冰冻三尺，非一日之寒)等。历史上英国和荷兰为争夺海上的霸主地位，两个国家在短短 26 年(1652 年至 1678 年)中就进行了2 次战争，双方胜负各半。 为了发泄对战争失败的不满，英国人喜欢把交战国的名称赋予某种贬义加以丑化。诸如习语I’m a Dutchman， if..(.如果我……，我就不是人)、beat the Dutc(h了不起)、Dutch uncl(e严厉训斥者)等都是英国人讽刺荷兰人粗鲁、莽撞无礼的最好例证。到近代，两次世界大战和一些地区的局部冲突，都对英语产生了影响。习语the fifth colum(n第五纵队)就产生于这一时期。1936 年 10 月，西班牙首都马德里受到德国法西斯军队和西班牙叛军的联合进攻，在进攻前的动员大会上，西班牙叛军将领Emilio Mola公开宣称，叛军和德国联军的四个纵队正在向马德里展开猛攻，并且他的第五纵队也已经在马德里城内展开活动。后来英语习语the fifthcolumn 专门用来指代被别国收买了而颠覆自己国家的叛徒或别国派入的间谍。 2 岛国地理环境中“海的文化”要素 自然环境对文化的形成也有直接的影响。“特定文化的表达方式是由特定的地理环境造就的”。(王葆华，2010)英国岛国四面环海，英语习语的形成深受这种特殊的“海的文化”影响。大多数英国人以 捕鱼 为生，因此鱼是日常生活中的主要食品。和鱼相关的习语在英语中俯拾皆是，像nEither fish nor fow(不伦不类)、The best fish swimnear the bottom(好货难求)、cool fis(h怪人)、fish in the air(缘木求鱼)、There are plenty more fish in the se(a天涯何处无芳草)等。 长期海上生活中积累的 经验 也反映在习语语言中，如know the rope(s掌握窍门)、cut and ru(n三十六计走为上)、take the wind out of someone’s sai(l先发制人)、sail under false colour(s假冒伪劣)等。其中 sail under falsecolours 指中世纪海盗猖獗期间，海盗船上常常悬挂假旗号，以便于接近其他船只而不引起对方的警惕。后来人们就用此习语指代“假装”或“冒充”的东西。此外，习语carry coals to Newcastl(e多此一举、画蛇添足)来历是指煤都纽卡斯尔的煤矿储量丰富，如果生意人想运送煤碳到这个城市的话，那肯定会血本无归。由于岛国上的可耕土地很少，所以英国人特别注重畜牧业的发展，畜牧业中也留下了很多与之相关的习语。 比如lose one’swoo(l大发雷霆)，因为羊毛能给牧羊人带来客观经济效益，如果没有了羊毛，也就断了财路，人当然平静不了。再比如Much cry and little woo(l雷声大，雨点小)，指的是羊叫起来声音很大，但产出的羊毛却很少。 3 风俗习惯的文化要素 作为一种特定的社会现象，风俗习惯是“一个群体的习惯和准则的总和，群体人员的创造和遵循是其存在的前提基础”。(Worsley， 2008)身处在特定的社会风气和传统习惯的氛围之中，人们的日常生活不但受到影响，语言也必然会体现出这些影响。例如习语let one’s hair down(身心轻松)就是英国早期习俗的体现。 古时英国的妇女不论地位高低，在任何场合都把自己的头发梳洗得整整齐齐，但是当她们回到家中独自一人时，为了身心的放松，就把头发披散下来，习语“身心放松”的含义由此产生。另一个例子是来源于中世纪的英国生活习俗，在餐桌中间往往放置的是盐器，宾主落座时，盐器上首坐的是贵宾，而下首坐的是一般客人或随从，习语above the sa(lt德高望重的地位)和below the sa(lt无足轻重的地位)由此产生。 面包、牛奶、黄油和奶酪是英国人日常食物的主要组成部分，习语中也体现出了这些食品的重要地位，如bread and butter(生计之需)、bread and chees(e日常食品)、take the bread outof someone’s mou(th抢某人的饭碗)、like a hot knife throughbutte(r易如反掌)、cry over spilt mil(k覆水难收)、half a loaf isbetter than no brea(d聊胜于无)等。 4 宗教信仰的要素影响 文化的一个不可或缺的组成部分就是宗教信仰，它渗透到人类的精神生活、社会生活和语言交际体系中。早在公元 3 世纪初，英国就设立了__教会，因此大多数英国人信仰基督__信上帝。祈求上帝保佑时，英国人会用手指在胸前划十字，口中说God bless me ;骂人时说God damn you ;不愿意某事发生时说God forbid ;人死了说depart to God。在信徒的眼中，上帝无所不能，一切万物、包括人类在上帝面前都微不足道。 习语Manproposes， God dispose(s谋事在人，成事在天)充分体现了这种思想。直接来自《圣经》中的 故事 和比喻的习语也有很多，如来自《旧约·但以理书》第五章的习语handwriting on the wal(l不祥之兆)说的是巴比伦王伯沙撒(Belshazzar)继承了父亲的王位后穷奢极欲、荒淫无度。一日，他邀大臣一千多人在宫中狂饮，许多金银器皿被拿出来待客，席间宫墙上突然有一手伸出来并写下三个神秘的词，大家看后无人能解，于是赶紧把先知但以请来来解字。但以解释说 ：你的统治地位已结束，你的国度将倾裂。果然，当夜伯沙撒就遇刺身亡。类似来自《圣经》的习语还有很多，如make bricks without straw(巧妇难为无米之炊)、at the eleventh hou(r关键时刻)、theparting of the way(s紧要关头)、in sackcloth and ashe(s悲痛忏悔)等。 5 神话寓言的要素影响 世界 文化不仅相通，而且相互影响。“ 英语的 发展史是外来词汇的变异积累过程，也是受民族的 文学作品逐渐浸润、融合、变异的进化过程。”(Herrnst Ein， 2009)民族神话、 传说 和 寓言故事 在 语言的发展变化过程中都留下了深深的烙印。希腊罗马神话和伊索寓言是影响英语习语的两大主要文化要素。 古希腊是西方文明的发源地，希腊神话的最大特点是“兼具人之外形和情感的神令自然人悟其之渺小”。(Turner，2009)古罗马神话是由古希腊神话发展变化而来，到公元前的最后 3 个世纪，罗马诗人维吉尔(Virgil)、奥维德(Ovid)把希腊神话的内容移植到罗马神话中，把希腊神话里的人物名称换成罗马使用的拉丁文名称，创作出希腊—罗马神话的结合体。 英语习语中有许多就是直接来自这种结合体。例如under theros(e严守秘密)这个习语指的是一天，爱与美之女神维纳斯(Venus)在不惑之年还背着丈夫、儿子与情人偷偷幽会，不料刚好被沉默之神哈坡克拉提斯(Harpocrates)无意中撞见。维纳斯的儿子丘比特(Cupid)知道这件事后非常气愤，但又怕此事传出去后对父亲和自己不利，苦思良久后心生一计，他摘下一朵美丽的玫瑰花送给哈坡克拉提斯，肯求他不要把这件事声张出去，沉默之神对丘比特发誓会严守秘密。还有类似的习语如the web ofPenelop(e永远完不成的任务)、sword of Damocle(s随时到来的危险)、Pandora’s Bo(x万恶之源)、apple of discor(d争斗起因)、Achilles’hee(l致命弱点)等都来自希腊罗马神话。 寓言是习语的另一个主要来源，“寓言在流传的过程中被浓缩并升华为习语”。英语习语的重要来源是《伊索寓言》，如习语dog in the mange(r损人不利己)讲的是有一只愚笨之极狗，由于它自己不能吃马槽里的干草，便向正在津津有味吃草的马嚎叫，也不让马吃草的故事。类似的习语还有sour grape(s酸葡萄)、cry wol(f虚张声势)、a wolf in sheep’s clothin(g伪装友善的敌人)、nourish a viperin one’s bosom(养奸护恶)等。 6 文学作品的文化要素 出自文学巨匠笔下精彩的故事情节、富有教益的哲理和涵义深刻的词句常常成为习语的另一个重要的素材来源。文学语言对习语的来源贡献在于以下四个方面“精彩词句、故事情节、鲜明人物和历史习语”。 (徐振忠，2010)莎士比亚的作品是公认的对英语习语贡献最多的来源之一。莎士比亚作品的习语大体可分为两类 ：一种来自剧作的故事情节 ;一种来自作品的词句。莎士比亚剧作中的人物性格鲜明，情节生动，剧中内容常常被引申成为习语。如hoist by one’s own petar(d害人反害己，搬起石头砸自己的脚)出自《哈姆雷特》[3 幕、4 场 ]，早期的炸药箱被称作petard，战争是用于炸开敌人坚固的城池。但由于当时的爆破技术还很不成熟，引爆人点燃炸药后还没等自己撤离，炸药就爆炸了，结果当然是引爆人与敌人同归于尽了。 类似的习语还有one’s pound offles(h合法但不合理的要求)、a horse of a different colou(r另外一回事 ;截然不同)等。莎士比亚作品语言简洁优美、寓意深刻，许多习语就是直接来自作品的词句。如bay atthe moo(n空嚷、徒劳)在《裘里斯 · 凯撒》第四幕第三场里的原文是 ：I had rather be a dog， and bay the moon。原文中bay 被用作及物动词，而现代英语倾向于用作不及物动词，因此加了介词at。类似的习语还有flutter the dovecotes(闹得鸡犬不宁)《[柯里奥拉纳斯》]、paint the lil(y多此一举)《[约翰王》]、the world is someone’s oyste(r随心所欲)《[温莎的娘儿们》]、thereby hangs a tal(e说来话长)《[驯悍记》]等。 英国文坛还有其他许多对世界文学有较大影响的文学巨匠，如乔叟、米尔顿、柯勒律治、拜伦、狄更斯等。他们的作品也对英语习语产生了很大的影响。如习语albatross round soneone’s nec(k提醒某人不犯错误之物)出自柯勒律治的长诗《老水手之歌》。 信天翁是一种海鸟，可以在睡觉时翅膀不煽动并浮在空中，据说随便杀死信天翁会招致厄运。柯勒律治的诗歌中讲述了一位水手由于自己的大意，射杀了一只信天翁，结果在航行途中他麻烦不断，还差点丧命。后来他才悟出个中的缘由，上岸后他把那只信天翁的尸体挂在脖子上，以表达自己示忏悔的心情。来自文学作品的习语还有all hell breaks loose(闹翻天)(米尔顿，《失乐园》)、at sixs and seven(s杂乱无章)(乔叟，《特洛莱斯和克丽西德》)、mind one’s ey(e小心谨慎()狄更斯，《巴纳比·拉奇》)等。 结语 语言学家Hudson指出 ：“语言特征和文化特征常常难分彼此”。(Hudson， 2011)习语的形成与其语言所属的民族文化更是密不可分，“文化是孕育培植习语的温床”(McMordie， 2006)，如果对习语的文化背景没有认真的研究，就难以理解它们其中的深刻含义。本文只从六个方面粗略讨论了影响习语形成的文化要素，以期希望对英语习语 爱好 者在今后的学习过程中正确理解习语的文化内涵和恰如其分地运用习语方面有所启迪和帮助。 关于英语语言文化论文范文篇2 浅析中学生英语语言文化意识的培养 摘要：语言意识的培养，在大学英语教学中较为广泛，但是在中学英语教学中较少提及。我国小学已普遍开设英语课程，中学生已具备一定的英语基础，培养学生的语言意识是有可行的。良好的语言意识有利于学生将来的 英语学习 ，学习者能更好地运用英语，减少交际中的障碍，并进行成功交际，培养学生语言意识是有必要的。本文主要从建构理论，认知的过程出发，并结合我国中学英语教学的实际，说明在中学英语教学中培养语言文化意识的重要性，以及如何培养学生的语言文化意识。 关键词：英语教学;文化知识;语言意识培养 1.引言 传统的中学英语教学，侧重于单词和语法等语言知识点的教学，它培养的是学生某一方面的技能。但是语言的学习是为了运用，交际，从这一角度来看，传统英语教学的弊端突显出来。 根据认知语言学，语言意识指语言的固有能力来处理信息，是洞察语言本质和功能的语言能力。本文中的语言意识，在中学英语教学过程中，将表现为是由文化、政治、社会和习俗等方面组成的。 语言是文化的载体，学习一种语言，不仅仅要掌握语言点知识，培养听、说、读、写、译的基本技能，更重要的是学习蕴含于语言之中的文化现象和文化背景知识，包括政治，经济，文化等多方面，从而培养英语思维。语言意识的培养正是这一要求的体现。语言是交流的工具，有一定的语言意识，了解目的语的文化背景知识， 思维方式 ，交际也就更能达到理想效果。 2.文化与语言的关系 文化通常被定义为在一定的社会或者社会一部分范围内流行的一套价值观念和信仰，是一个社会的整个生活方式，一个民族的全部活动方式。语言是人类生活的重要组成部分。(王建坤，2008)徐行言在《中西文化比较》(2004)中，对文化的理解与概括分为一下几个方面： 把文化看作是一个包含多层次、多方面内容的综合体，用它来概括人类创造和积累起来的全部物质与精神财富以及人们的生活方式。把文化理解人类精神现象或观念形态的总和;强调文化作为人的社会行为与习俗的意义;把文化视作人类的艺术活动及富有仪式性的民俗活动的概括;把文化理解为一个社会的传统行为形式或全部社会遗产。 根据裴文的表述，语言与文化的关系分为以下几种(参见王建坤，2008)：(1)语言是一种文化;(2)语言是文化的工具;(3)语言是文化传播的载体;(4)语言是文化的形式;(5)语言与文化相互作用。由此可见离开了内容，离开了语言的内涵，就谈不上语言。语言学习需要和文化学习结合起来，语言教学的同时也必须了解文化，这样才能真正地更好地运用语言。 3.从建构主义看语言中的文化教学 建构主义是认知理论的一个分支，是学习理论的一个分支，是学习理论中行为主义发展到认知主义以后的进一步发展。最早由瑞士著名心理学家皮亚杰(J. Piaget)于20世纪60年代提出。(范琳，2003)一般认为，建构主义学习理论源于皮亚杰，后经布鲁纳、维果茨基等教学 教育 心理学家不断发展和完善。 建构主义是源自 儿童 认知发展的理论，由于个体的认知发展和学习过程密切相关，因此利用建构主义可以较清楚地说明学习过程的认知规律。建构主义认为，学习不是信息简单地从外到内的单项输入，而是通过新信息与学习者原有的知识经验双向的相互作用而实现的。 我们所说的语言文化意识的培养，正是基于此，培养学生的文化意识，在教学中进行一定的文化导入。文化导入是一种通过引导的方式让学生主动建构语言与文化知识的一种 方法 ，促进学生的英语综合运用能力的提高。该方法主张教师在一定的教学环境中，对学生进行引导，激发学生的思考，促进学生主动进行新信息和原有知识的建构，从而培养学生对文化的敏感性，以及处理文化信息的灵活性，最后获得综合运用英语能力的提高。 4.培养语言文化意识是跨文化交际能力的需要 由于技术的发展，旅游的兴旺，经济和政治体系变化，移民方式的改变，人口增长等原因，人们与来自不同文化背景的人的交流日益增多;人们日益认识到文化会对交流产生微妙和深刻的影响。我们学习语言就不可避免地接触到所学语言国家的交际文化。在不同民族和国家的文化中，既有共性也存在差异，而这些差异是由于历史文化背景、地理环境、传统习惯和思维方式的不同，在语言表达上表现为差异，这些差异的存在可能妨碍文化和语际的正常交流。 英语的学习最终的目的是交流和交际，是为了更好的跨文化交流，将中国博大精深的文化传播出去，吸收外国文化的精华。在教学中渗透文化意识，了解英语国家文化，有助于提高学生的交流能力和跨文化交流能力，克服与不同文化背景中的人们相互理解过程中的障碍，促进交际的成功。 5.交际教学法的弊端 巴克斯(2004，参见孙鸣，2007)认为，业内人士大都默认为：交际法不仅是先进的方法，而是唯一正确的学习语言的方法。根据语言学家威多森(Widdowso ，H. G. 1991,参见孙鸣，2007)对交际教学法的分析与评价，交际教学法注重让学习者用语言做事，表达观念和完成各种交际行为。 它强调“做”、“自然学习”和“自然语言使用”，在学习如何得体地使用语言的过程中，学习者会不经意地学习语言，通过“做”而“知”。交际教学法所关注的是给学习者创造使用该语言的条件和情景，而不是我国现阶段英语教学的词句和语法。 从认知角度来看，外语学习的认知过程始于陈述性知识。陈述性知识是有关某物是事实的知识，是人有意识掌握的、可以陈述的、以命题方式储存在大脑中的事实、概念、或观念构成的信息。(孙鸣，2007)心理语言学研究表明，语言的使用是以认知为基础的(桂诗春，2002，参见孙鸣，2007)语言的认知设计陈述性知识，而语言的使用则涉及程序性知识。 近几年，交际教学法盛行于我国英语教学中。结合我国英语教学的实际，交际教学法的不足之处日益显现出来。交际教学法所主张的由“做”而“知”， 忽视了外语学习认知过程中陈述性知识的作用，不符合外语学习认知过程及其规律，并不适合我国英语教学环境。 而提倡在教学中进行文化渗透，培养学生语言文化意识，更符合外语学习认知的过程及规律，语言的认知过程和认知结构需要有文化的参与。
汉语言专业学生需要具备的基本素养之一就是拥有审美能力，尤其是体现学生人文素养的文学审美。汉语言文学专业具有社会行业需求稳定、技术实力雄厚、就业范围广泛的特点,所以一直以来其都是高校中一个重要的基础专业。
汉语言文学毕业论文范文一：汉语言文学专业学生创新能力提高策略
市场经济的发展，社会竞争的不断加剧，各行各业对创新型人才都有非常大的需求。
但当前汉语言文学专业的学生仍缺少一定的创新能力，需要对其创新能力进行培养。
因此，需要对当前汉语言文学专业学生在创新方面的问题进行改正，从而提升其创新能力。
1当前汉语言文学专业学生的基本现状
当前汉语言文学专业学生的基本状况主要有以下几个方面的表现：第一，教学内容缺乏时代性。
当前一些大学不能根据时代发展变化，及时对教材进行调整，致使教学内容老套;第二，缺乏培养学生创新能力的意识。
当前一些大学教师仍是上完课就走，缺乏对学生创新能力的培养，不利于汉语言文学专业学生创新能力的培养。
2增强汉语言文学专业学生创新能力的意义
增强汉语言文学专业学生的创新能力具有重要意义，具体表现在以下两个方面：第一，对于汉语言文学的利用与开发具有积极的推动作用。
汉语言文学专业具有较为悠久的历史，但随着时间的推进，汉语言文学专业在教学内容以及教学方式等方面，都呈现出一定的问题，需要对其进行调整和改进。
提高汉语言文学专业学生的创新能力，无异于为汉语言文学的发展添加了生机，给汉语言的利用与开发创造了有利的条件;第二，有助于学生实践能力的提升。
学生在养成创新意识以后，会有增强其实践的动力，进而在此过程中，使学生的实践创新能力得到锻炼。
3提高汉语言文学专业学生创新能力的措施
汉语言文学专业学生创新能力的提高，需要教师在教学过程中，通过对教学内容的丰富与完善，对教学环节的改进，以及增强学生创新意识，关注学生的感受三个方面着手，只有让学生在学习的过程中，养成了自主创新的意识，才能有效推动学生的实际行动，使其成为社会所需要的人才。
完善汉语言文学专业的教学内容
汉语言专业学生需要具备的基本素养之一就是拥有审美能力，尤其是体现学生人文素养的文学审美。
汉语言文学专业学生的审美能力，不仅关系到其对专业知识学习的敏感度，对其未来的发展也具有重要影响，高级文秘需要具备的特质之一就有审美能力，因此加强对学生审美能力的培养是非常重要的。
而在汉语言文学专业学生的专业课中，文学理论课是培养学生审美能力的主要课程之一，对于学生对于文学作品的鉴赏能力和创造能力具有重要影响。
这就要求教师在进行教学的过程中，根据班级学生的兴趣爱好，选择恰当的`文学作品对作品中的语言运用、技巧的使用等进行鉴赏分析，进而增强学生的审美能力。
此外，教师还可以通过在班级组建讨论小组等形式，增强学生对该方面内容的兴趣，促使学生有意识的增强自身的审美能力。
丰富汉语言文学专业的教学环节
助理、教师等是汉语言文学专业学生将来主要从事的职位，这就要求汉语言文学专业的学生具有较强的沟通协调能力，然而在实际的汉语言文学教学中，对于学生能力的培养却缺乏一定的重视，因此要求对其进行一定的改革创新，强化对汉语言文学专业学生能力的培养，使其能够得到一定的重视，促使其具备工作中应具备的能力。
例如，现代汉语教师在上课时，不要仅仅局限在教材之上，而是应该在立足教材的基础上，超越教材。
由于大学中通常都会有来自于全国各地的学生，因此在发音上也会存在差异。
教师就可以利用这种情况，在将中国七大方言时，分别选取代表，让学生自己体会感受，各地方语言的不同，从而加深学生对该知识点的理解。
或者教师可以在班级组织一次作文比赛，针对学生中的病句等问题进行讲解，从而帮助学生增强对学生语言交际等能力的培养。
关注汉语言文学专业学生的感受
汉语言文学专业的学生需要较高的写作能力，写作能力不仅是学生专业能力的体现，更是对学生各方面能力的反映。
从某种程度上来说，汉语言文学专业的学生的专业素养，从其写作水平就可以体现。
因此，学校在培养汉语言文学专业学生写作方面的力度一定要加强，为此需要从以下几个方面开展：第一，提升学生的理论修养。
在培养学生的理论修养的过程中，可以通过丰富学生的阅读量等方式，增强学生的思想深度与高度，使其在阅读分析以后，理解文章的内涵;第二，加强学生的用词的准确度。
当前很多汉语言文学专业的学生，存在词汇量贫乏，并且不能正确使用使用的现象，教师应该根据学生的这种情况，有针对性的进行训练，从而改善当前这种状况，
使学生在写作时可以做到用词精准简洁;第三，加强对学生语法的掌握。
当前很多汉语言文学专业的学生在学习语法的过程中，仍不能有效的掌握其中的使用方法，需要教师根据班级学生对语法掌握的实际状况，采取有效地措施与方法，
加强对语法的学习，从而使学生在进行写作的过程中，能够灵活使用语句，降低出错率，进而增强学生的写作水平，提升自身的专业素养。
综上所述，汉语言文学专业是各大高校都有的专业，其在高校中所占的比重也是不容小觑的。
但随着社会的进步与发展，汉语言文学专业在教学中的弊端逐渐显露出来，需要不断对其进行改进。
为此，各大高校应该根据时代发展的需要，对汉语言文学专业学生教学进行调整，通过对教学方式、教学内容等的改变，增强学生的创新的能力，使其成为社会所需的人才，为国家发展做出贡献。
汉语言文学毕业论文范文二：汉语言文学中语言的使用与意境
汉语言文学是中华民族几千年来的文化沉淀，作为中华民族文化精髓的传承载体，汉语言文学凭借自身独特魅力，逐渐受到广泛认可。
汉语言文学作品博大精深，其语言的使用与意境的揣摩是一个十分复杂、微妙的过程。
有鉴于此，加强汉语言文学中语言的应用于意境分析，具有一定的现实意义[1]。
一、汉语言文学专业语言使用与意境分析的特点
事实上，汉语言文学是一个抽象的概念，其中所涉及的内容范围较广，无论是字词句亦或是语法修辞，均具有深入研究的意义与价值。
值得一提的是，不同内容的文学作品，其语言使用与意境分析的特点也会有所区别，只有在全面了解其特点后，才能对其语言的使用与意境分析了若指掌，进而深入地体会到汉语言文学中蕴藏的内涵。
(一)汉语言文学的目的性特点
汉语言文学的学习旨在强化学生沟通技巧，并对经典文学作品有更深层次的解读，能够站在更加专业的角度对文学作品进行欣赏，从而促进汉语言文学的弘扬与发展。
在开展教学活动时，学生往往能够通过对汉语言文学语言应用技巧的练习，促进自身语言把握与分析能力的提升。
(二)汉语言文学专业的主体特性
就现阶段情况来看，参与汉语言文学学习的学生通常为文科生，这部分学生均对汉语言文学抱有极大兴趣。
在各高校中，汉语言文学专业的开展，重点针对文科专业的学生，对理科生并无硬性要求。
由此看来，汉语言文学专业的学习主体，完全是可以确定的。
文科生在学习过程中，探析汉语言文学蕴藏的内涵其实是比较得心应手的，这是由于他们本身具有良好的文科基础，对字词句以及语法修辞等方面的推敲具有显著优势。
(三)汉语言文学专业具备的交际性
作为人类用于沟通交流的主要工具，随着交流经验的积累，人们的思维、思想等均将发生巨大改变。
与此同时，人们对于某一事物会有不同的看法，并通过语言的沟通与交流，表达情感，将汉语言的魅力传承下去。
如此一来，汉语言文学将会使更多的人受到感染，愿意从不同的途径去发现、探索汉语言文学的内涵与意义，共同促使汉语言文学日益渗透仅社会的方方面面中去。
二、汉语言文学中所呈现出的意境
古诗是我国汉语言文学中，最为重要的一部分，作为我国独有的重要文学，其相关课题研究引起了全世界文学爱好者的广泛关注。
古诗之所以能够获得如此广泛的好评，其中最为根本的原因并不是它在韵律上能够朗朗上口，而是在写作手法上，有着千变万化的特点，能使读者营造出清晰、真实的意境，使读者仿佛身临其境，看到作者所看到的情景，倾听作者听到的声音，感受作者在此情此景下的感受，体会作者的内心情感。
(一)意境的起源与作用
在古代，诗人未能使整首歌更具特色，通常会借助各种语言来营造一种气氛，使读者能够浮想联翩，这种气氛便是意境。
据了解，我国诗文主要通过一些诗句或词语来营造意境，作者当下想要表达何种情感，想要透过诗词传达什么样的中心思想，便会使用不同的方法来营造意境。
诗人所营造的意境，多半源于生活，是诗人通过观察与探索，再运用恰当的字词句来加以描述，并通过自己的感悟，使诗歌的整体情感得以升华。
语言运用越精妙，表达的情感便会越真切，读者也会犹如身临其境一般。
(二)意境烘托中心思想
将意境带入诗歌中，不但能够提升整首诗的美感，还能从侧面烘托出作者想要透过这首诗表达的内心情感，使整首诗变得更加鲜活、生动。
我国自古以来，便有以诗言志一说，因此我国许多著名作家均透过书写文章的方式，来刻画自己，表达自身的凌云壮志，如杜甫、礼拜一行人。
他们往往用诗歌书法自己的内心情感，亦或思乡之愁。
亦或怀才不遇，或用诗歌来表达自己的豁达，开辟自己的仕途之路。
一些作品通常会通过意境的描述，使内心情感更为深刻，进而烘托出文章中的中心思想。
(三)意境构建的常见问题
意境的构建在文学作品中发挥着重要作用，但是在，在构建意境时，学生往往会出现以下两方面问题，分别是“有境无意”和“有意无境”。
有境无意指的是文章中虽然自带意境，且美感度高，但却华而无实，并没有表露出真情实感，文章过于空洞。
有意无境则是指过于抒发自身情感，忽视了对情境的设置。
出现这些问题的原因，主要是由于作者本身经验积累不够，缺乏丰富的实践作支撑。
三、汉语言文学中语言使用与意境分析的作用
(一)有助于培养学生语言文学素养
语言的生命力需要通过合理的使用才能得以充分体现。
良好的语言文学素养，是灵活运用语言的前提，因此汉语言的应用成就了汉语言的使用意境。
通常情况下，汉语言文学的学习，旨在强化沟通技巧，加强学生对相关作品的了解，学会从专业的角度对汉语言文学作品进行分析与鉴赏[2]。
汉语言文学中语言使用与意境分析，能在潜移默化中，帮助学生积累知识，培养语言文学素养，使学生能够加强对汉语言文学应用技巧的掌握能力，进而促进自身语言运用水平的提升。
(二)有助于增强学生文学作品鉴赏能力
人类的沟通与交流离不开预言帝使用。
此外，文学作品的鉴赏与分析，更是积累自身文化底蕴，提升修养的最佳途径。
在学习汉语言文学作品的过程中，不但要对汉语言的使用环境进行分析，还需对汉语言的使用意境进行深入了解。
倘若无法掌握汉语言的使用方法与意境，便很难进行深度阅读，无法充分体会到文学作品中，语言使用赋予作品的生命力[3]。
另一方面，每一部汉语言文学作品，均饱含着作者的思想感情，读者在鉴赏过程中，倘若只能凭借语言的分析，很难去领悟作品中蕴藏的深刻内涵，所以还要懂得去分析语言描绘出的意境，只有这样，才能更加投入地赏析作品，领悟作品的精妙之处。
(三)有助于提升学文笔书写水平
汉语言文学中语言使用与意境分析，往往能够提升学生对语言的运用能力。
汉语言文学的学习目标，不但涵盖对语言应用于意境的分析，其根本目的，还包括在提升学生语言运用能力的同时，培养学生文笔书写水平[4]。
有鉴于此，我们务必要站在客观的角度上，全面分析汉语言文学在语言使用与意境分析方面的作用，帮助学生在写作过程中，更好地透过文字的描绘与意境的营造，表达自身的思想情感。
四、提高汉语言使用与意境分析能力的有效方法
(一)拓展阅读量
作为学习语言的最佳途径，增加文章阅读量有助于学生快速掌握文章的重心思想。
在阅读量得以拓展的同时，学生思维活跃程度也会更强，对汉语言的意境分析能力也会有所提升。
阅读量的拓展，还能帮助学生积累鉴赏文学作品的经验，使学生逐渐形成结构清晰的阅读思维，能够在通读全文的情况下，迅速把握文章基调，善于发掘文学作品中，各类语言与意境的深层含义，最终能够对汉语言进行熟练的应用与分析。
(二)鼓励学生背诵经典文学作品
众所周知，一门语言的掌握。
汉语言文学领域和信息化的结合,是当今社会发展的必然趋势,也是培养全能型汉语言人才的重要途径。下面是我为大家整理的汉语言文学 毕业 论文，供大家参考。
汉语言文学教学中审美 教育 渗透
摘要：汉语言文学是中华民族的伟大瑰宝，可以有效地提升学生的个人人文修养和自我审美意识。在汉语言文学的教学过程中，教师需要结合学生的实际学习能力和审美能力，将审美教育完美地融入汉语言文学的教学中。本文主要以审美教育为前提，详细地从四个方面来阐述了审美教育在汉语言文学教学中的有效开展和完美渗透，旨在更好的指导学生提升自己的综合素质。
关键词：审美教育;汉语言文学教学;渗透性
汉语言文学是高校课程中的重要科目之一，更是素质教育的重要组成部分。在教学的过程中，教师要注意将审美教育融入汉语言文学教学活动当中，使学生能通过文学作品来提升一定的审美能力，从而感受中华 文化 的博大精深。
一、挖掘文本中的审美因素，培养学生的审美意识
汉语言文字本身就是一种美，而文学作品也带有自身的审美因素，它们是各个作家智慧与审美的结晶。在汉语言文学的教学过程中，教师要充分地去利用这一点，不能完全的进行“照本宣科”，教师要注意挖掘汉语言文学教学中的具体的内容和字眼，组织学生体会其中的内涵和延伸意义，观察作品中所使用的文学表现形式以及文学作品内在的结构，从而去挖掘作品中的审美因素，以此来吸引学生自主地去发现作品的美，从而情不自禁地产生审美意识，在这日积月累的过程中来提升自己的审美的能力。比如，在古代文学《唐诗三百首全卷》中李白的《行路难》中，诗人用“冰塞川”、“雪满山”来象征人生道路上的艰难险阻，大有比兴的意蕴。试想，一个怀有伟大政治抱负的人物，在受诏入京、有幸接近皇帝的时候，却不能任用，被“赐金还山”，变相撵出了长安，这不正是遇到了冰塞黄河、雪拥太行吗?后“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”这句话，诗人更是借助云帆、长风以及沧海这样的意象，来描述出了诗人美好的愿景，忽隐忽现的云帆正在他心中的憧憬。教师就是要注意挖掘教学内容中的小细节，来培养学生的审美意识。
二、注重教学中的方式革新，激发学生的审美兴趣
若要在汉语言文学的教学活动中不动声色地渗透审美教育，首先教师要对汉语言文学教学的方式进行一定的创新;同时还要结合学生个人的认知水平和身心发展来展开教学，让学生自主参与到其中。在教学的过程中，教师可以增加一些互动的环节，从而来调动学生的参与热情。我们的教学要把重心由听讲放到理解上，在课堂上可以随机安排学生进行部分作品初理解的分享与交流。只有在汉语言文学的教学过程中采取多样化的教学方式，才可以在潜移默化的影响中激发学生的审美兴趣。例如，在汉语言文学教学活动当中，可以通过将名人 故事 教学法、多媒体教学法等教学方式来融入汉语言文学教学活动中。像讲到新月派的现代格律诗的时候，谈到了《徐志摩诗集》，学生可能因为之前了解他因接受过西方的教育，擅长写一些浪漫的诗文，如《再别康桥》。但是理解还是浅层次的，那么我将徐志摩的一生在不同的时期遇到的不同女人而写作风格的不同变化一一呈现开来，徐志摩与张幼仪、林徽因、凌淑华、陆小曼四个女人之间的 爱情故事 以及作品的不同特征讲，学生听的也入迷，自然也会激发去自主阅读更多的格律诗歌。
三、利用作品内的作者情感，锻炼学生的审美鉴赏
不同的时代有着不同的文学，也因为不同的作家给我们文学的世界带来了不一样的审美景观。汉语言文学中很多作品中所描述的场景或意境，无一例外都是作者真实的生活经历或者内心写照，带有着强烈的时代感。因此，教师在进行汉语言文学教学的过程中，不仅仅是解读作家的文学作品，而是要解读作家本身的情感。通过作品帮助学生走到作者所描述的意境中，去感受作者当时在写作时的某种情感。要体验到作者所要表达的文学内涵和深刻情感，就靠教师对于学生审美鉴赏的锻炼了，以此方可追求更深层次的美。比如，在1980年的中国文学就是倾向于对于历史的沉思，以至于整个时代的主旋律为审美中的沉思。通过作家创作的角度看出，历史的沉思以及政治的拨乱反正也正是赋予文学创作的心灵呼唤。像卢新华的《伤痕》，高晓声的《陈奂生上城》、柯云路的《新星》、张宇的《疼痛与抚摸》等，在这些作品当中，作家的感情是充分流露出来的。正是由于对人生解放的追求，以及对直面人生的审美沉思，才使得那个年代的作品富有了独特的意味和自身的特点。教师可以教学生从作者的感情入手，来锻炼审美鉴赏。
四、引导学生来自由想象，提高学生的审美能力
一定的文学作品其实都是作者内心思想感情的物化。很多教师在进行汉语言文学讲课的时候过于重视一些纯粹地理论性知识，忽视了学生的实际生活和自身实践，这样就导致了整个文学课堂的“满堂灌”现象和全班学生的“有口说不出”的尴尬境地。在汉语言文学的教学活动当中，教师一定要借助熟悉的实物或者情境，联系学生的日常生活，避免纯粹的理论呈现，使学生能够对汉语言文学产生深刻的理解和认识，发散学生的思维能力和想象能力，提升学生审美能力和观察能力，真正达到审美教育的目的。比如，在曹雪芹《红楼梦》中，其实有很多地方就是通过梦境来表现了主题和人物心理的场景，教师可以引导学生进行大胆的思维拓展，站在作者的角度进行遐想。像中间秦可卿将宝玉安排到自己卧室，然后宝玉就做了梦，梦中与可卿有了儿女之事。让学生通过这个场景来猜想秦可卿这个人物。就有同学说，这个人物应该是有原型的，是曹家实有的一个袅娜纤巧的人，而雪芹可能在少年时代也曾被她所痴迷，长大后通过理性的分析，出来了红楼梦中的可卿。苏霍姆林斯基曾经说过：“没有美育的教育就不是教育。”所以，在学习汉语言文学的过程中，教师一定要充分利用文学的优势和特点，对学生进行一定的审美教育，培养学生的审美情趣，提高学生的综合素养。
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汉语言文学专业学生写作能力培养思考
摘要：写作能力是当今社会判断汉语言文学专业人才的一个重要标准，也是汉语言文学专业学生的一项专业技能以及进行日常学习的一个基本要求。本文将通过几个方面就汉语言文学专业学生写作能力培养 方法 进行分析探讨。
关键词：汉语言文学;写作能力;关键问题
汉语言文学专业面向就业方向比较广泛，涉及教育、传媒、出版、文秘和行政管理等行业，社会需求量也相对较大，而这些岗位对就业人员的重要要求就是具备较强的写作能力，即便是在信息化飞速发展的今天，写作能力也不能被信息技术所取代，所以，加强汉语言文学专业学生的写作能力成为社会发展需求的一个必然趋势。
1注重教学的长效机制，开启写作系列课程
随着科技进步，我们越来越多的学生是在互联网的影响下成长的，而传统的教学模式已经显得难以适应当下的发展。汉语言文学专业学生写作能力的培养，应该跟上社会发展的节奏，不能仅仅局限于大一对学生写作能力进行远达不到目的的加强培训课程，需要针对汉语言文学专业传统教学模式中仅开一门基础课、并只开一学期，在有限的课时内根本无法达到提高学生写作能力目的的方式作出改变，重新建立更具科学合理性的有效教学方案。注重将课堂的专业知识与课外知识相结合，设置写作系列课程，将汉语言文学专业学生的写作训练从大一一直贯穿到大四，形成具有长效机制的写作能力提高教学模式。
培养基础技能。
在大学的第一年，首先要培养学生“会写”的基础，培养学生基本的写作能力。这一阶段主要是讲授基本的写作理论知识，培养学生广泛阅读优秀作品的好习惯，在长期阅读中积累素材，拓宽自己的视野，加强学生对 文章 的理解和欣赏力。在这个阶段里奠定基本的写作理论，引导学生进行自由的写作训练，题材不限，形成长效训练机制。倡导学生组成兴趣小组，积极对写作技巧进行沟通交流，通过基础训练的积累和点评，奠定良好的写作基础。
进行技能训练。
在大学第二年，对学生的写作技能进行重点培养。教师可以设置专项训练，让学生们在其中对写作要求进行理解和掌握，比如：写作的基本内容包括什么样的文体?涉及怎样的写作风格?内容要以什么样的情绪呈现?接着训练学生对文章的猜想构思能力、应用分析能力、抒发表达能力、素材积累应用能力等。通过这样的方式来进一步加强学生对不同文体的写作能力，包括应用文写作、新闻写作、文学创作等。
进行技能提升。
大学的第三年，要对学生进行时间的合理分配进行指导，在这个阶段中有效提升自己身的专业技能。通过前面两年对专业知识的认识和积累，通过拓展来提升自己对文学的鉴赏力。通过多种文体以及不断的写作练习，提升不同文体的写作技能水平，包括诗歌、小说、 散文 、戏剧等文学体裁的写作。要对自身所学到的专业知识进行充分利用，加强评论性文体的写作实践，通过多次的训练，不断提高自身对多种文体的写作能力，从实践中找到写作的技巧。
写作成果验收。
大四时大学的最后阶段，学生要利用好自己所学到的专业知识技能独立完成毕业论文的写作。老师通过学生完成的毕业论文的反馈信息来评定学生是否具备较强的写作应用能力，例如：学生可以通过实习实践，对自身的应用文写作水平进行实战演练，最后以毕业论文的写作来考究学生的写作能力。老师可以推荐一些高素质的学生在学术刊物上发表论文，在利于学术交流的同时留下有利的参考资料。
2灵活运用有效的教学方式，增加教学趣味性
全国各大高等院校中对汉语言文学专业写作课程所应用的教学方式不具备统一性，比较多样化，但其中大多数的教学方式都能够取得一定的成效。范例教学是多年教学实践得出能够有效提升学生写作能力的 教学方法 之一，那么什么是范例教学呢?就是把教科书中的写作理论与课堂讲授的内容进行有效地融合，让抽象的概念以实际应用的例子具象化。通过将枯燥无味的理论知识变为生动有趣的实际应用来讲授知识的教学方式来活跃课堂的氛围，充分调动学生的课堂积极主动性，扭转学生惯有的消极学习的状态。只有让学生主动进行学习，才能够达到提高课堂效率，提升学生写作能力的目的。例如：在进行基础写作和文学写作的授课时，应当注重将写作课程与其他文学课程进行融合讲解，在写作课程讲授中引入古今中外文学的精华知识，有效地结合文学与写作理论。具有很强规范性的写作中，无论是技能性较强的应用文写作，还是实践性强的学术论文写作，都应从经典的 范文 中提取相应精华和写作理论，在进行相应知识授课前使用适当的例文铺路，让学生对相关写作理论有感性认识，讲解结束后通过范文来印证写作理论，加深学生的理解和认知，通过这样的方式不仅提高学生的写作能力同时让学生写作更规范。
3建立写作评价体系，培养学生写作的积极性
对学生的写作进行客观的评价对学生来说是非常重要的，因为科学客观的评价不仅能够帮助教师得出写作教学过程中效果和问题的精确反馈，对今后改进和提高教学质量做出正确的判断，还能够让学生对自身的写作水平进行一定的了解，认识自己在写作中的优点和缺点，能够通过与老师的交流思考写作改进的方法，激发学生对写作的热情，在评价收到的信息中不断地完善自己。因此，科学客观的写作评价体系的设立是非常有必要的。写作课程也分多种，并且各有不同，那么对他们之间的评价也应当是存在差异的。写作评价体系设立完成后，要求教师和学生都按照相应标准对写作进行客观的评价，可以让学生进行 自我评价 ，分小组进行互相评价，以及教师综合评价。对评价的结果进行公布和点评讲解，对学生差异个体进行尽量全面的 写作指导 ，整体提高学生的写作水平，让学生能够在点评和指导中对自身进行改进。
4结束语
总之，为了让汉语言文学专业的学生更好地融入到社会中，就要采取有利的方法来提高学生专业的基本技能，培养国家需要的人才，使学生具备较强的写作能力不仅能为学生就业铺就顺畅的道路，也能够提升学生自身的素养。
参考文献
[1]王林.基于系统论的汉语言文学专业学生写作能力培养[J].唐山学院学报;2012(4)：97-99.
[2]徐渊.强化写作能力培养汉语言文学专业创新人才[J].学理论;2011(10)：226-227.
[3]黄悠纯.汉语言文学专业写作能力延续性训练的探索与改革[J].湘南学院学报;2011(6).
汉语言文学教学优化策略
【摘要】新媒体时代背景下，汉语言文学教学既有发展机遇也存在发展困境。优化新媒体背景下汉语言教学发展的策略是：规范汉语言教学方式，引导学生正确看待网络流行语;基于网络平台提升学生对汉语言文学学习的主观能动性;建立多元性和多样化的合作式教育方式。
【关键词】新媒体时代;汉语言文学教学;发展困境;优化策略
汉语言作为人们交流、互动的重要载体，如今其发展已逐渐呈现 出国 际化的趋势。网络时代的到来，新媒体的出现，汉语言文学的教育体系，大学生文学素养的提升均具有了新的特色。本文就新时期汉语言文学的发展问题展开了研究与讨论。
一、新时期网络环境下汉语言文学发展的困境
1、网络流行语的冲击
网络流行语是在新媒体时代，网络日益普及的情况下，人们在日常工作、学习的基础上，在通过网络交流过程中逐渐形成并流行的语言。其主要在汉语言词汇的基础上，通过语法结构、用语习惯等的改变，从而形成了幽默诙谐的网络流行语。一方面，网络流行语的形成在一定程度上是对于汉语言的一种创新，将部分汉语言赋予了个性化的特点。能够更加形象生动的反映生活中、社会上的部分现象与问题。比如网络流行语“喜大普奔”，其是喜闻乐见、大快人心、普天同庆、奔走相告四个 成语 的缩略形式，体现了一种愉悦、激动的心情。网络流行语的传播具有新的特点，其表现出了跨越时空、数字化、网路化的特点。实践中，越来越多的人们习惯于通过微信、QQ、微博等现代多媒体网络平台交流与互动，网络语言的出现使人们之间交流更加多样化与富有活力。[1]另一方面，网络语言的出现对于汉语言文学的发展带来了一定的冲击与不利因素。因为网络语言的形成有时往往与严格的汉语言语法结构、造词规律有不符合之处，未遵循正确的汉语言用语规范。对于汉语言文学的发展具有消极的作用，尤其对于正处于学习、贮备知识的青少年而言，会对其使用正确汉语言的习惯产生一定的误导，在一定程度上更不利于 传统文化 的弘扬与发展。[2]
2、受众地位和作用的变化
在信息化时代的今天，与以往相比较而言，使得受众地位和作用产生了一定的影响。实践中，人们在交流过程中，越来越多的依赖于电子传媒载体，随着网络流行语的形成，人们使用汉语言的方式与习惯体现出更加随意的特点。在多媒体的影响下，部分人往往出现了提笔忘字的现象，传统博大精深的书法艺术与汉字魅力逐渐被人们忽视。长此以往，会影响到汉语言文学的健康、可持续发展。多媒体的出现，人们的在网络上发言的权利与用语方式受到很小的限度与制约，同时更多的年轻人已成为了主要的力量，汉语言受众地位与作用的变化，不利于正确汉语言 思维方式 与规范的形成，对于优秀汉语言人才的培养产生不利影响。
3、汉语言文学教学知识脱离现实生活
在新时期的今天，传统的汉语言文学教学方式已不能适应新的教学环境与内容。传统的汉语言文学教学方式仍然体现出了只重视理论知识、课本知识，缺乏课堂互动与实践性不强等特点。新媒体时代，大学生的阅读习惯与汉语言思维习惯由于受到多媒体的影响，都发生了一定程度的影响与改变。在网络时代的今天，在汉语言文学的教学过程中，教师应该注重汉语言与新媒体之间的融合，加强课堂上教师与学生互动的效果，注重新时期大学生正确汉语言文学思维方式与习惯的形成与培养。同时，培养学生系统理论知识的同时，注重分问题、解决问题实践能力的培养，将汉语言文学的教学与现实生活紧密结合。
二、汉语言文学传播在网络平台资源中的特征
1、运用网络教学资源的多样性和便捷性
在知识经济的今天，新媒体迅速发展，对于汉语言文学的教学产生了一定的影响。首先，汉语言文学的教师要与时俱进，善于利用、搜集、整合有利于教学的各种网络资源，是汉语言文学的教学课堂更加的生动化与形象化。在课堂上可以通过网络视频、图片、数据等多种题材展现、分析汉语言文学所涉及到的各种人物特点、故事背景等，充分实现网络资源的优化与共享。同时，教师可以提出网络中比较 热点 的问题，从传统文化的角度，引导学生组成各小组展开讨论，交流。老师对于大家的观点进行点评与评析，加以科学的引导。是思想火花的碰撞，有利于大学生思维方式的培养，口语表达能力、思辨能力的锻炼与提高。
2、网络教学资源的可塑性
目前，我们可以通过网络上的教学资源，严格按照教学大纲来进行编排，这样就可以打破一定的结构顺序进行整合。换种角度看，就是可以作为一个汉语言文学知识的数据库而存在。如，我们可以加强汉语言文学口语知识的练习，将诸多名家口语集锦放在专门的地方，通过网络平台将自身所需的资料进行整合，最后才能更好地变成自身的知识库。在教学过程中，可以在汉语言文学课堂上进行相关的练习解读。[3]
三、优化新媒体环境下汉语言文学发展的具体策略
1、规范汉语言教学方式，引导学生正确看待网络流行语新媒体时代，面临网络流行语对于汉语言文学发展的影响。汉语言文学的教学应当规范教学方式，对于大学生普遍使用网络流行语的现象予以积极正确的引导。网络流行语的形成与发展呈现出良莠不齐的现象，符合汉语言规范、能够形象反映社会现象的网络流行语是对于汉语言的发展与创新，在一定程度上可以借鉴与学习，丰富日常用语。然后对于那些不符合汉语言规范、不文明的网络流行语应当坚决的杜绝，引导学生树立取其精华，去其糟粕的意识，加强传统优秀文化的学习与弘扬。[4]
2、基于网络平台提升学生对汉语言文学学习的主观能动性
现阶段要想更好地促进汉语言文学专业的稳健发展，我们就必须要紧密依靠网络平台，打造现代化的汉语言文学。而且，汉语言文学教学模式的变化就充分说明了这一点，所以，当务之急，便是如何来促进多媒体 网络技术 为汉语言文学发展奠定基础，如何来促进学生知识的建构，这些方面都是显得越来越重要。
3、建立多元性和多样化的合作式教育方式
在传统的汉语言文学教学过程中，一般都是采用老师为主导，同时进行单方面的知识传播，这样对这门应用型很强的学科是非常不利的，在一定程度上影响汉语言文学的发展。为此，只有在网络环境开放的情况下，逐步建立一个多元性和多样化的合作式教育，学生才可以通过网上将自身所遇到的问题反馈给老师，并在教师的指导下进行学习。网络时代新媒体的出现与发展，对于汉语言文学的发展提出了一定挑战。本文对于网络时代汉语言发展困境、特点的研究与讨论，提出了相应的对策与建议。新时期汉语言文学的可持续发展，需要汉语言文学教师与学生的共同努力，首先教师要与时俱进，接受新事物并对新事物有一个正确的认识;引导学生以正确的态度认识、对待网络流行语、丰富汉语言文学知识。学生无论是在日常的学习过程中，还是生活用语中都应注重汉语言的规范性与规律性。
【参考文献】
[1]黄践.论汉语言文学应用型人才的培养[J].吉林省社会主义学院学报，2013(3)60-64.
[2]吴玉成.对目前党校汉语言教学培训中存在问题分析[J].考试周刊，2014(53)30-49.
[3]汤玫英.网络语言创新的动因及其不当取向.河南师范大学学报，2010(04).
[4]高岭，土宁宁，马骏鹰.《汉语言文学专业课程实践性教学的研究》课题研究 报告 [J].北京广播电视大学学报，2008(02).
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汉语言文学是一门有关语言的专业,其对语言文字的修养及其能力也是相对较高的。下文是我为大家整理的关于汉语言文学的毕业论文范文的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!
浅谈重视汉语言文学专业教学
【摘要】汉语言文学专业不是应用型较强的专业，为适应当前的就业形式，本文提出从两个角度指导该专业的教学：从实用性的角度，优化课程，强化学生的专业知识结构和强化课程应用性，提高学生本专业的应用能力;从创新的角度，突破专业限制，进行教学内容创新，并重视学生创新思维的构建。这有利于提高学生的专业素质，丰富他们的知识结构，增强其在社会立足的本领。
【关键词】汉语言文学;专业人才;教学探讨
汉语言文学专业的教学特点
汉语言文学专业很难和一些实用性较强的专业，如工程、建筑、医学、会计等一样获得准确的职业定位，更是很难直接和应用型人才挂钩。它作为传统的人文学科，是体现人文精神的最直接的载体，担当着传承与提升全民语言与文化素质的重任[1]。其主干内容是中外的优秀文学文化遗产，而核心内容则是对人类生存意义和价值的关怀，是对自身、他人、集体、民族、国家，乃至对人类的一种认识与社会责任感。为此，汉语言文学专业的教学特点在于：所培养的学生主要是从事人的工作的，注重培养学生的人文素养;教学不体现在应用性，而是体现在对社会观念与精神取向的影响上;不注意直接创造可以计量的经济效益，而在于创造无法用数字统计出来的社会效益等。由于社会的进步和当前就业压力的增大，教学实用主义成为了教学的主要目标，对于汉语言文学专业教学而言，也必须进行一些必要的改革，在保持传统的基础之上，积极和社会接轨。
2用实用性理念指导专业教学
《中国大学生就业》杂志给出该专业的就业方向为教师、各类编辑职务、文秘、文案策划人员等。但事实上，该专业的毕业生就业岗位大多集中在政府机关、教育科研、新闻出版、企业公司等中国单位，还有少数人涉足律师、房地产、金融外贸等新兴行业。由此可见汉语言文学专业具有较宽的职业适应性，但同时，由于相关行业存在文秘、新闻、广告、公共管理专业的毕业生，造成了对他们较大的冲击力。从现实意义来看，从实用性的角度指导教学应注意：
优化课程，强化学生的专业知识结构。汉语言文学专业课程包含现代汉语、古代汉语、中国现当代文学、中国古代文学等十余门课程，有必要从以下三个角度对课程进行优化：精简课程内容，每门课都要根据对本领域最新知识结构的分析来设计教学内容，强化核心内容;优化课程结构，按照学科发展的当下高度来考虑学科基础，设计课程内容体系;整合各课程之间的内容，避免内容交叉重复，如写作学和文学概论中的文体学知识。
强化课程应用性，提高学生本专业的应用能力。以就业的观点指导教学改革，就必须讲求专业的实用性，只有这样学生才能在社会上立足。结合该专业学生的就业方向，对汉语言文学专业学生的核心竞争力，即现代“读”、“写”、“说”这三个方面的能力，必须加以强化[2]。该专业的实用性教学应体现在五个方面：古今各种文体的阅读能力，现代各类文体的写作能力，口头表达能力，语文教学能力，信息调研能力等。学校和教师必须精心设置课程体系，安排教学内容，形成本专业课程的应用模块，通过系统的应用技能课程的设置，以保证学生在学校能够提高这五个方面的能力，获得将来从事语言文字工作的应用能力，成为汉语言文学专业的应用型人才。
3用创新的理念指导专业教学
创新包括教学内容创新，教学方法创新，教学思维创新等。本文强调：
突破专业限制，进行教学内容创新。该专业的学生就业范围较广，但往往不精，竞争力上不如其他专业学生。鉴于该专业的特殊性，教学过程中不必过分拘泥于语言与文学本身，而可以结合汉语言文学的历史发展与就业现状，对学生进行相关职业技能的培养。事实上很多新专业如新闻、广告、文秘，甚至公共管理基本上都是从汉语言文学这个专业发展而来的。因此，在保证专业根基扎实的前提下，应打破人为设定的专业界限，以便更大限度地发挥汉语言文学的专业优势。如教育与教学、新闻传播、文秘与公关、社区文化管理、广告文案等等都可以设计成汉语言文学专业的应用模块，学生通过这些模块的学习获得动手能力和从业能力。
重视学生创新思维的构建。汉语言文学专业本身要求学生具备丰厚的东方文化底蕴。该专业有极强的文化特征，其教学直接影响学生对汉语的感情，对东方文化的亲合及从中汲取创新精神动力，并影响学生创新素质的形成。因此汉语言教学中必须重视对学生创新思维的构建[3]。首先，教师应有强烈的创新教育意识，思想上要勇于开拓，力求提出独特的、新的教育活动思路，行为上善于探索，潜心实验，不断总结和不断进取。在教学中不能满足做文化的传声筒，要适当的通过文化评论等多种方式激发学生的思维，并对社会文化现象进行思考，如博客，新媒体等多种文化传播方式都可以成为学生思考的问题。其次要勤于思敏于行，发展创新思维能力。教师应以其丰富的知识做背景，在教学中不断抛出新观点，给学生以震撼，激励他们也去发现、思考、创新。可以说汉语言文学专业教师必须在不讷于言的同时，还要敏于行。沉默寡言不是该专业的个性，只有言行结合，才能让学生让自己更自信，更有思考的动力。
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解析汉语言文学教学方式创新
摘 要：对于汉语言文学的陈旧的教学方法进行实施改革办法，对于现阶段的素质教育有着非常重要的保证，要求教师在教授基础知识以及讲解的过程中，还要对于学生自身的人文关怀进行加强，对于中华民族悠久灿烂的文化资源进行发展利用，做到学生在对课本知识进行学习的时候，还可以对自身的认知能力进行提高，提高自身的人文素质，成为国家未来发展的栋梁。
关键词：汉语言文学;教学方式;创新
1 导言
随着现代科技的不断发展，给当前的汉语言文学的教学工作带来了新的工作契机。整合古典文学和现代文学的系统知识，创新好教学方法，现代汉语言文学的教学工作才能彰显其独特魅力，不断地吸引学生的注意力，并让汉语言文学教学工作趋于领先的水平。
2 我国汉语言文学教学的现状
学生基础薄弱
汉语言文学对学生的语文素养要求高，尤其是对文言文，要求学生具有较好的理解和表达能力，能自行阅读和理解文言文，如对通假字、同音字等，要求学生有较为系统的文学知识。但我国大学生由于高中进行文理分科，并没有投入大量的精力在语文上，更别说相对晦涩难懂汉语言了，导致我国学生普遍文科基础薄弱。此外，大部分学生对汉语言的兴趣不大，很多是"被选"为汉语言文学专业的学生，在大学期间也没有通过扩大阅读量等方式提高自己的基础。
教学只注重知识理论而缺乏实践
目前我国很多地区的汉语言文学教学只对书本上的理论知识有要求而对学生的合理利用所学知识的要求很低甚至不作要求。不能否认汉语言文学的理论性很强，但是在这个世界飞速发展的21世纪，理论型书呆子的需求量很小，现在社会更多的是需要知识储备丰富、实践操作能力强的双向人才。教师只要求学生记忆理论知识，会使学生理论和实践严重脱节，实际应用表达水平严重不足，现在的社会需要用言语把自己推销出去，这时候的口语表达水平就十分重要了。简单的说在参加面试时面对面试官都不能巧妙的展示自己的才能特长，怎能赢得面试人员的青睐?口语表达看似简单却是个人素质的全面体现，具备较高的口语能力足以体现一个人的德、学、才、识。所以，我们现在的汉语言文学教学不能单纯的要求记忆理论知识更要强化学生的实践意识及能力。
汉语言文学教学的师资队伍专业水平不够
随着时代的发展，汉语言文学本来就已经渐渐变得冷门，再加上其教学方式传统落后，导致社会中人们普遍对汉语言文学这门学科的研究大幅度减少，所以，能够真正胜任汉语言文学教学的老师一直在减少，而且由于现在社会风气的败坏，导致学校在招聘教汉语言文学老师的门槛一直在降低，所以，有越来越多没有足够资历能力的人进入学校鱼龙混珠。而且，由于学校对汉语言文学这一学科的不重视，给教汉语言文学的老师安排了很多政务，使得老师对汉语言文学的教学变成一种兼职，学校的行政工作非常繁重杂乱，如此繁杂的工作已经导致老师精疲力竭，他们没有更多的精力投身于汉语言文学的教学中去，导致学校的汉语言文学的教学一直荒废，无法进步。
3 汉语言文学教学方式需要改革创新
需要加强学生的实践意识
汉语言文学具有较强的理论性但是也不能一味的进行理论知识的灌输，应该注重汉语言文学的实践性。加强学生的实践性需要教师在教学过程中很巧妙的锻炼学生的实践意识。在教学过程中，教师可以多增加互动，在互动中可以调动学生的参与热情，在参与中实践的能力也能够得到提升。同时我们的教学要把重心由听放到说、读、写上，在课堂上可以随机安排学生进行口语练习，例如可以设置特殊的场景让学生模拟当事人自由发挥随即表演，安排这样的实践活动可以锻炼提升学生的自我表达能力和应变能力，在理论学习中适当穿插汉语言文学实践活动，这样可以很巧妙的将理论和实践结合。也可以给学生布置主题限时演讲、汉字听写大会、诗歌朗诵会等形式多样的课堂活动，提高学生的参与热情，增强学生的自主学习意识，锻炼提高学生的心理素质，更好的与人交流。实践证明学生对于参与性、实践性教学的积极性兴趣高涨，教学效果良好。
对汉语言文学的教材进行改革创新
如今的教育都是以开放教育为主且着重培养实用型人才，所以在教学过程中，一定要注重教学的实践性。首先。我们应该做的是对汉语言文学的教材内容进行改革创新，随着时代的进步，社会的发展，汉语言文学的教材内容应该顺应时代的发展，适应新形势下汉语言文学教学的发展，以必要的理论知识为核心，在教材中融入更多的实践性强的实验应用，注重培养学生的实践能力，以及对汉语言文学的研究能力。
教学过程中要做到理论和实践之间有效的结合
在对汉语言文学的教学过程中，不能单单的让汉语言文学整体的教育方法方式仅仅停留在教育的表面。学校对于汉语言文学进行教学的过程中应当做到推陈出新，一定要打破陈旧传统的汉语言教育方式模式，真正做到提高整个汉语言文学自身教学过程中的社会适用性。在汉语言文学的教学实践具体的过程中，参与教学的教师一定要摒弃陈旧的教学方式，一味的对学生进行灌输知识，采取单一呆板的教学模式，教师要充分的结合讲授法和引导法以及采取探究式的学习方法以及采取小组合作的办法等诸多的形式进行教学，实现教学过程中师生之间的交流和互动。教师应从学生学习兴趣出发，赋予汉语言文学教学新的时代语言，开创新的汉语言文学教学格局，让学生能够从内心深处喜欢汉语言文学学习。
4 结论
汉语言文学的教学方式随着时代的进步和社会对于这方面人才的需要不断丰富和发展，为了提高学生的学习热情带动学习兴趣，老旧的教学方式必须改革创新。汉语言文学的教学中我们应该摒弃循规蹈矩的教学思想，积极的创新的教学方式，让汉语言文学的文化精髓通过创新教学的模式发扬光大。
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