毕业论文初稿首先你需要选题,选题完成后,需要进行构思,然后设计论文的框架,然后再着手于论文的写作。
论文初稿是一篇未完成的论文。相对来说,初稿是论文的一个粗略的模型,只是一个粗略的大纲,但是写了很多东西,但是这部分还有很多需要修改的地方。在写论文初稿的时候,可以先写下论文的一个整体框架,尽量让整篇文章的结构更加完整。而且在写作的过程中,还可以有针对性的进行补充。你必须多注意一下这个理论的初稿。毕竟初稿写完了,后面才能对论文进行修改。
毕业论文写作需要注意写作的时候,主题一定要非常明确,全文要围绕这个主题。除此之外,论文内容不应该被解释和评论,尽量做到客观事实。还有,在写作过程中,不能简单重复标题中的信息,标题要简洁,语言表达要简洁准确。先写什么,再写什么,按什么逻辑顺序写?这些都是大家需要了解清楚的。在写作的过程中,大家也要注意少用长句,句式尽量简洁、清晰,不能有含糊笼统的词语。
以上就是我的回答,希望对你有帮助。
1、论文题目:要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。2、目录:目录是论文中主要段落的简表。(短篇论文不必列目录)3、提要:是文章主要内容的摘录,要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字,多不超过三百字为宜。4、关键词或主题词:关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的,是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语,便于信息系统汇集,以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词,另起一行,排在“提要”的左下方。主题词是经过规范化的词,在确定主题词时,要对论文进行主题,依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。5、论文正文:(1)引言:引言又称前言、序言和导言,用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图,说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2)论文正文:正文是论文的主体,正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容:a.提出-论点;b.分析问题-论据和论证;c.解决问题-论证与步骤;d.结论。6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料,列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页,标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文:标题--作者--出版物信息(版地、版者、版期):作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是:(1)所列参考文献应是正式出版物,以便读者考证。(2)所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。
就目前人工智能的发展水平来看,机器降重还远远做不到“准确读取语句的意思,并将之用不同的词汇表述出来”我学姐推荐的北京译顶科技那边做的不错,你可以考虑一下。你可以加速去知道了解下
英语翻译毕业论文可以写某个电影或者某本书的翻译,开始也不太会,也是莫文网的高手帮忙的,很靠谱的说应用英语翻译呼唤理论指导大学英语翻译教学:现状与对策商务英语翻译中存在的问题与对策新世纪十年来商务英语翻译研究:回顾与前瞻国内商务英语翻译研究综述顺应理论视角下科技英语翻译切雅实证分析经济一体化环境下的商务英语翻译教学大学英语翻译教学存在的问题与对策语用观视角下的中医英语翻译教学实证研究翻译——找到源语的所指——对规划教材《商务英语翻译》误译译例的批判研究从功能对等角度看商务英语翻译高校科技英语翻译课程设置探讨功能对等理论指导下的商务英语翻译科技英语汉译的英语翻译技巧研究——以船舶英语文本中的汉译为例功能对等视角下的科技英语翻译论商务英语翻译的4Es标准关联理论在科技英语翻译中的应用——以Climate Change and Peak Oil文本的翻译为例大学英语翻译教学:问题与对策英语翻译专业本科生的笔译能力调查分析——以某师范大学英语翻译专业为例中国职业篮球俱乐部体育英语翻译人员现状及发展对策研究从目的论的角度下看商务英语翻译试论旅游英语翻译中的创造性论高职商务英语翻译教学中学生跨文化交际意识的培养试论近代国人英语翻译基于功能翻译理论的商务英语翻译教学任务型教学法在《商务英语翻译》教学中的运用跨文化因素对商务英语翻译的影响及调整策略商务英语翻译教学存在的问题与改革商务英语翻译与文化信息等值研究大学英语翻译教学教材编写探讨东西方文化差异对商务英语翻译的影响顺序分析在科技英语翻译中的应用——以翻译项目《大气污染排放系数手册》为案例从关联理论分析法律英语翻译中的文化差异及其翻译补偿商务英语翻译原则探讨商务英语翻译中的文化与语用因素研究Advanced Systematic Golf高尔夫技术英语翻译项目的实践报告
一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题 英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行,即英语文学,语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向,具体解释如下: 1.英语文学:选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行:国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。 在进行国别文学研究选题时,一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家(如海明威),某一经典作品(如《双城记》),某一写作手法(如象征手法的运用)或某一文学思潮(如浪漫主义运动)作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名,容易引起学生的兴趣,如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》,学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时,应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义,不能流于肤浅的分析。 文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生,因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段,本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。 比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的(如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”),也可以是不同国别的(如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》) 2.语言学:选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行:普通语言学和应用语言学。 普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究,如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究(如“一般现在时及其交际功能”)。 应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题,也要避免过大范围的选题,而应对一个具体问题进行研究,最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有:“个性与英语教学”,“方言对英语学习的影响”等。 3.翻译学:翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行:翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下,对翻译活动的研究更多一些,这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究(如“汉语成语的英译”)。应该注意的是,在对翻译活动作研究时,往往需要某种翻译理论支撑,总结规律,并对这一活动作出评价,要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。 二.英语专业毕业论文格式要求 学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。 (一)前置 1.英文封面:由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。 2.目录:由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成,排在英文封面之后另页。 3.中、英文内容摘要:摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述,宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论,是一篇完整的短文,可以独立使用,中文摘要一般在200字左右 4关键词:关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索,学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”,这些关键词就是论文的中心词,以显著的字符另起一行,分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。 (二)主体部分 主题部分包括引言(Introduction)、正文(Body)、结论(Conclusion)、参考文献(Bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。 1.引言:主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。 2.正文:论文的正文是核心部分,占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。要求论据充分,论点明确。行文必须实事求是,客观真切,准确完备,合乎逻辑,层次分明,简练可读。正文部分要有分级标题,章、条、款、项的序号编码方法,采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法,论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列,依次从1开始,连续编号,中间用“.”相隔,最末级编号之后不加点。示例: 1. 2.…… …… .… 3.结论:学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论,它是对正文部分的论述的概述,也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。 4.参考文献:写作学位论文过程中,阅读或运用过某些文献所列出的书目清单,置于正文之后,另页开始。参考文献的著录按原文献语种为原则。 (1)文献目录应另页书写,外文文献排前,中文文献排后。外文文献书名须用斜体。 (2)文献目录一律按作者姓氏汉语拼音或外文字母顺序排列。 (3)每条文献必须顶格写,回行时空两字或五个英语字母。 (4)将各文献的类型代号(即文献英文名的首字母)注明在文献之后: 专著[M] 学位论文[D] 论文集〔C〕 报纸文章〔N〕 期刊文章〔J〕 报告[R] 专利 [P] 专著、论文集的析出文献[A] 其他未说明文件 〔Z〕 电子文献中光盘图书 [M/CD](MONOGRAPH ON CD) 网上期刊〔J/OL〕(serial online) 5.文内所引文献:要求附夹注,应在引文后加括号注明作者姓名(英文只注姓),出版年和引文页码。若为转引文献,则加quoted in 字样。 例:(王佐良,1982:38) (Newmark,8:26-33) 6.文献中列出的文献应该与正文中标注的文献一一对应。正文中没有出现的,不应出现在参考文献中。 (三)附录部分 附录包括所有与论文有关的补充材料,如图表或照片等。
按着你整理的目录写
在整个毕业论文写作过程中,草拟初稿是一项最重要的工作,也是最需要花费心思的工作。初稿虽然只是文章的一个坯子,但却是下步进行加工的基础。不能因为它是初稿,写作时就可以草率行事。起草初稿应注意些什么问题呢?1、周密思考,慎重落笔毕业论文是一项“系统工程”,在正式动笔之前,要对文章进行通盘思考,检查一下各项准备工作是否已完全就绪。首先,要明确主题。主题是文章的统帅,动笔之前必须想得到十分清楚。清人刘熙载说:“凡作一篇文,其用意俱可以一言蔽之。扩之则为千万言,约之则为一言,所谓主脑者是也。”(《艺概》)作者要想一想,自己文章的主题能否用一句话来概括。主题不明,是绝对不能动手写文的。其次,是理清思路。思路是人订]思想前进的脉络、轨道,是结构的内在依据。动笔之前,对怎样提出问题,怎样分析问题,怎样解决问题,以及使用哪些材料等,都要想清楚。第三,立定格局。所谓“格局”,就是全文的间架、大纲、轮廓。在动笔之前先把它想好“立定”,如全文分几部分,各有哪些层次,先说什么,后说什么,哪里该详,哪里该略,从头至尾都应有个大致的设想。第四,把需要的材料准备好,将各种事实、数据、引文等找来放在手头,以免到用时再去寻找,打断思路。
1、懒汉式写法。如果论文有类似的课题,比如师兄师姐的,可以先找来几篇,一般是4——5篇,粘贴上然后,将过渡不好的语句修改加上自己的数据,和实验感想,结论(这个必须自己写,要不就是抄袭了)最后,修订标点,核对参考文献大约一天就可以搞定。关键是后来的改动较大,要给导师和带你的研究生过目,主要是修改语句顺序和作图。2、认真的写法把相关文献都读一遍,因为参考文献至少是30篇,所以建议阅读60篇,其中有10篇左右英文的(如果摘要想自己写的话,必须如此)阅读前,你必须对自己的实验或者研究内容烂熟于心,要从文献中摘出想要的语句,标注好出处。将文献中摘出的语句按论文的一般顺序排列,最后将过渡处用自己的语言连接好。加入数据和感想,修正标点。估计现在没几个这么写的了,都是2次引用文献。
就目前人工智能的发展水平来看,机器降重还远远做不到“准确读取语句的意思,并将之用不同的词汇表述出来”我学姐推荐的北京译顶科技那边做的不错,你可以考虑一下。你可以加速去知道了解下
基本上初稿格式为:摘要-引言-研究背景-自己的研究内容-正文-结果-致谢-参考文献。摘要主要写自己的研究目的、研究意义、主要研究内容和最后的研究效果。引言部分重点阐述该主题的研究背景等内容,正文根据专业不同写法也不一样,建议的百度下:普刊学术中心,有很多关于论文写作方面的资料,一定要自己多学习多总结多提炼,写毕业论文才能一帆风顺
毕业设计不会做,抄也要讲究方法作为一个已经毕业了的大学生,在做毕业设计的过程中,无论是设计成果的研究还是毕业论文的撰写,不可回避的一个问题就是抄袭。作为一个过来人,我想说的是,做毕业设计难免会有抄袭的现象,但是一定要掌握方法,千万不要盲目的抄完了事,那样做是非常危险的。有的同学看都不看就抄到论文上去了,有的同学拿着别人做完的东西都不研究一下就参加答辩去了。我就听过一个活生生、血淋淋的例子——老师问:“你这段代码是什么意思?”答:“我不知道。”老师又问下一段代码,又不知道,老师问:“这是你做的吗?”答:“不是,老师给的。”其结果可想而知了。你们想想,那些东西都是往届毕业生做出来的,老师们能看不出来吗?掩耳盗铃,自欺欺人,大家都是成年人,我想不用多说了吧。大家在完成毕业设计的过程中肯定会遇到各种各样的现实性困难,成果做不出来了怎么办?论文写不出来了怎么办?外文文献不会翻译怎么办?其实这都好办,世界上再难的技术也是人做出来,没有成果就找个现成的东西;论文写不出来就多看几本书,多引用书里的内容;外文水平不高就用翻译软件。总之一句话,你有张良计,我有过墙梯,物竟天择,适者生存。文章转自 众赏文库 毕业设计论文,专业文档下载
最简单的事用金山词霸翻译
最常用的演讲开场句型I am honored to... 我很荣幸…… 【短评】这是演讲的第一大王牌句型,几乎每一场演讲都要以这个句型作为开场白。有人提出,这个句型已经到了陈词滥调(cliche)的地步。但是,谦虚永远是一种美德,这个句型之所以能被古今中外无数演讲大师所采用,当然有其吸引人的地方。 I am honored to have a chance to speak to you today.我今天很荣幸跟大家讲几句。 I am honored to be here on such a special occasion.我很荣幸在这个特别的时刻来到这里。 I am honored to introduce the founder of Crazy English, Yang.我很荣幸地为大家介绍疯狂英语创始人—李阳先生。 这个句型也可以说成“It’s my (great) honor to...”二最具感情色彩的演讲句型Words can’t express... 言语表达不了…… Words can’t express how lucky I am.简直不能用言语来表达我有多幸运。 Words can’t express how thankful I am.言语表达不了我的感激之情。三最平实的演讲过度句型Today I want to talk to you about... 今天我想跟你们谈谈……(演讲都有个主题,如何在演讲中介绍自己的主题呢?这个句型是最常用的。) Today I want to talk to you about a very important subject.今天我将和你们谈一个非常重要的话题。 Today I want to talk to you about the future of business in China.今天我将和你们谈一谈中国的商业前景问题。四最具表达力的演讲句型I sincerely hope... 我衷心希望…… I sincerely hope that you will take a minute to think about the future.我们真心希望你能花一点时间考虑一下未来。 I sincerely hope that you will have a wonderful time tonight.我们衷心希望你们今晚过得开心。五最具领导风格的演讲句型I ask all of you present to... 我要求在座各位…… I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to our everlasting friendship.我要求在座的各位与我一起举杯,为我们的友谊长青干杯。 I ask all of you present to join hands in the battle against corruption.我要求在座各位携起手来反腐败。六最具感染力的演讲句型I know I speak for... 我知道我在为……说话。 I know I speak for the president and all the employees.我知道我是代表着经理和所有的员工在说话。 I know I speak for several people in this room when I say that we are thankful for the improvements in the company.当我说我们为公司状况改善感到欣慰时,我知道这是代表你们当中几个人所说的。七最具煽动性的演讲句型I want to remind... 我想提醒…… I want to remind you that it’s never too late to learn.我想提醒你们,无论何时开始学习都不迟。 I want to remind you all that we share the responsibility.我想提醒大家,我们都得承担责任。八最常用的演讲结束句型I wish you the best of luck in... 我祝你……好运(这个句型不但演讲中常用,很多场合也能用得上,比如信函的结尾等。) I wish you the best of luck in your new business venture.祝你们新公司生意兴隆。 I wish you the best of luck in everything you do.祝你们一切顺利。九最具修辞色彩的演讲句型Ask not what...can do for you, ask what you can do for... 不要问……能为你做什么,问问你能为……做什么 【短评】肯尼迪总统的那句“Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.”成了千古绝唱,为世人广为传颂。我们可以将他这个句子中的鱼骨抽出来,造出不少同样铿锵有力,同样震撼人心的句子。 Ask not what China can do for you, ask what you can do for China.不要问中国能为你做什么,问问你能为中国做什么。 Ask not what society can do for you, ask what you can do for society.不要问社会能为你做什么,问问你能为社会做什么。 Ask not what others can do for you, ask what you can do for others.不要问别人能为你做什么,问问你能为别人做什么。十最具震撼力的演讲句型... means a great deal to... 对……意义重大。 This project means a great deal to our company.这项目对我们公司来说意义重大。 Our company’s success means a great deal to China.我们公司的成功对中国来说意义重大。 以上是我从几百篇演讲辞中总结出来的经典演讲句型之最,几乎适用于每一篇演讲。如果你要写一篇演讲稿,千万别忘了用这些句型来做包装材料,它们必定会让你的演讲熠熠生辉,光芒四射!这里我为大家准备了一篇由一名环保协会会长发表的演讲,我们意外地发现,这篇演讲运用了以上十大演讲句型中的九个。正如大家看到的,这篇演讲十分精彩,十分有力量,只要读一读,你就会与演讲者产生强烈共鸣,为之扼腕长叹,为之心潮澎湃,更不用说到现场听了!Ladies and Gentlemen:女士们,先生们: [1] Good morning! It’s my great honor to be elected as the chairman of the Green Earth Society. Words can not express how much I appreciate this honor. Thank you all for your support and for your confidence in me. As I take this position, I’ll do my best, together with all our volunteer members of this organization, to promote environmental protection locally and globally, and to make more and more people become eco-conscious.[1] 早上好!获选绿色地球协会的主席,我感到非常荣幸。言语表达不了我对此荣誉的万分感激。非常感谢大家的支持和信任。在我就职之后,我会尽自己的最大努力,与本组织的所有志愿者会员一起,促进地区和全球范围内的环境保护,并使越来越多的人树立环保意识。 [2] “Why should I be eco-conscious?” you ask. There is a very simple reason: We live on one earth, and this is the only place we can live right now. We can't live in space, we don't have the food growing capacity out there yet for lots of people to survive. If we treat the earth like the city dump it becomes dirty and unlivable. If we treat it well by being eco-conscious, the earth stays a clean place, perfect for living, for ourselves and for our children.[2] 你们可能会问,“我们为什么要有环保意识?”原因很简单:我们生活地球上,而且这是目前我们唯一可以居住的地方。我们无法去太空生活,我们无法在那里生产足够的食品供很多人生存。如果我们把地球当作城市垃圾堆一样对待,地球会变得肮脏不堪,无法生存。如果我们个个都有环保意识,好好地对待地球,那么地球会保持干净,非常适合生活,不仅适合我们,也适合我们的子孙。 [3] We are now living in a highly industrialized world. The expanding industries are providing us with more and more convenience and comfort. But I want to remind you that, owing to overdeveloping of natural resources, our earth is facing a disaster. Our air is being poisoned everyday by car fumes, our oceans are being polluted with toxic wastes, and our beautiful rainforests are being destroyed.[3] 我们生活在一个高度工业化的世界。不断膨胀的工业给我们提供了很多方便和舒适。但我想提醒大家,由于自然资源的过度开发,我们的地球正面临一场灾难。我们的空气每天都受到汽车燃气的毒化,我们的海洋遭到有毒废物的污染,而我们美丽的热带雨林也遭到破坏。 [4] We all moan and groan about the loss of the quality of life through the destruction of our ecology, and yet each one of us, in our own little comfortable ways, contributes daily to that destruction. It's time now to awaken in each one of us the respect and attention our beloved mother deserves.[4] 我们都抱怨由于生态破坏造成的生活质量下降,然而,我们每个人,由于贪图自己的一点点舒适,每天都在加剧这种破坏。现在是我们每个人都要唤醒心中对地球的尊敬与关注的时候了,这是我们深爱的母亲所应受的。 [5] So, I ask all of you present to join hands in finding ways to make the earth a better place to live. Let’s work hard to improve our society. Ask not what our society can do for you, ask what you can do for our society.[5] 因此,我要求在座各位携起手来,想尽办法使我们的地球变成一个更适合生活的地方。让我们一起努力来改善我们这个社会。不要问社会能为你做什么,而要问你能为社会做什么。 [6] I sincerely hope that, with our joint effort, we will start our days differently –– we wake up in the morning with the sun shining, trees bursting with strength, and flowers smiling at us. And when I say this, I know I speak for every human resident on this planet.[6] 我衷心希望,通过我们的共同努力,我们的生活将会大变样——早上起来,阳光明媚,树木葱葱,生机勃勃,花儿朝我们微笑。我知道,我这么说是代表这个地球上每一个人的心声。 [7] Thank you for your support and effort. Your contribution means a great deal not only to this organization, but also to the whole world.[7] 感谢你们的支持与努力。你们的贡献意义重大,不仅是对于这个协会,而且对于整个世界。 [8] Finally, I wish you the best luck in everything you do![8] 最后,我衷心祝愿各位万事如意!
点拨:演讲稿是在一定的场合,面对一定的听众,演讲人围绕着主题讲话的文稿。在日新月异的现代社会中,很多地方都会使用到演讲稿Boys and girls/L adies and gentlemen,It's a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.(表示荣幸)My name is____ .( 自我介绍)The topic of my speech is____ ( 提出演讲主题)To begin with,many people suggest that____ ( 话题或现象列举)Secondly,___ . Thirdly, ____ .What I want to stress is that____ .(重 申主题)Forone thing, ____. For another,__Besides,____. (原 因或重要性列举)In a word,_.(总结)Thank you for your listening/ Thank you.范文:Ladies and gentlemen, I’m very glad to make a speech here. today my topic is “I love you, China.”Since the day I was born, I began to have a proud name—Chinese. Since the day I began to talk, the most beautiful sentence I’ve ever learnt has been “i love you,China!”I love you, China, and i’m so proud of being a Chinese. I’m proud that I’ve got the beautiful yellow skin, black eyes and black hair. I’m also proud that I speak the most beautiful language in the world—Chinese.翻译:女士们,先生们,我很高兴在这里发表演讲。今天我演讲的题目是“我爱你,中国”。从我出生的那天起我就有了一个骄傲的名字——中国人。自从我开始说话的那一天起,我学到的最美的句子就是“我爱你,中国!”我爱你,中国,我为自己是一个中国人而骄傲。我很自豪我有美丽的黄皮肤,黑眼睛和黑头发。我也很自豪,因为我会说世界上最美的语言——汉语。
毕业论文答辩是一种有组织、有准备、有计划、有鉴定的比较正规的审查论文的重要形式。为了搞好毕业论文答辩,在举行答辩会前,校方、答辩委员会、答辩者(撰写毕业论文的作者)三方都要作好充分的准备。下面是我为您整理的毕业答辩英文演讲稿,供您参考!
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation.
I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators.
So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices. OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions。
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) : I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere grat-itude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts.
The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies.
In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society.
Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Teachers, good afternoon! My name is Chen Jing, the students of class * * * *, my thesis topic is《 the power of the giver and the victim, foucault power interpretation theory perspective, the heroine in “the golden notebook, Anna》,thesis is completed under Wang Zhiqin teacher of meticulous guidance, here, I express my deep appreciation to my supervisor, to the teachers to take part in my thesis express our heartfelt thanks to you for, and for the past three years I have a chance to listen to the teachings, teachers say heartfelt I will this paper design the research background, significance and main content of the teacher made a report, please the teacher criticism guidance.
First of all, I want to talk about the research background and significance of the graduation thesis design.
Since the Golden Notebook involves comprehensive themes such as colonialism,feminism,racism,communism etc. and due to its severely fragmented writing forms,it has intrigued groups of both domestic and overseas critics. The research abroad could be roughly divided into three stages. The first comes about the biography of the author”],the general introduction and reading background of this novel,then a number of explorations over the themes of this book have been conducted, from the most popular one feminism,psychological featuresto the philosophical elements^. Finally, critics shifted their concentration to the unique form or style applied by Lessing,for instance they analyzed the varied narrative techniques employed within ,the aesthetic value it displayed ,as well as its artistic nature generated by its messy it is worth mentioning that in 2006 Tapan has composed a specific collection of reviews on the Golden the study over this novel in foreign country has been quite fruitful and mature, the research in China is far lagging behind, most of them just emphasized the novel's multiplethemes such as feminism,eco-economic,psychology and modemism Thus more angels should be discovered by scholars at home, such as colonialism, religious and psychological exploration, and their research method should be more diversified,for instance,the potential inter-disciplinary study of this novel are waiting to be excavated, and seldomhave critics compared this masterpiece with other similar text.
Based on Foucault's power theory, this thesis is going to explore how the female protagonist Anna in Doris Lessing's the Golden Notebook, the producer and victim of power,fought against her catastrophic life. Through a close reading of the text, this thesis aims at making a Foucanldian interpretation on Lessing's motivation behind portraying such a schizophrenic female personality, convincing the reader that power permeates every capillary of the society mainly by exerting influence on power relations between individual. Sinceeverything concerns with the functioning of power, be it tragedy or comedy, Anna's destiny cannot be an exception, instead of restraining from the one-way suppress from men,Foucault's power theory enables us to put the heroine into a larger, more diverse cultural or social background where individual's identity could be perceived with much more plurality or heterogeneity. Ultimately, given Anna's gender attributes, the application of Foucault's power theory to the analysis of heroine can shed light on how women could wittedly deal with their counterpart, strike a balance between freedom and restriction, and thus heading feminism into a more reasonable and rational direction.
Secondly, I want to talk about the structure and main contents of this paper.
The author is going to divide this thesis into five chapters. The first chapter is a briefing about the research background of the Golden Notebook, which provides an overview on the fragmented content and complicated structure of this masterpiece. The second chapter is an introduction of the research status of this novel at home and abroad, at the same time,Foucault's power theory will be elaborated here as the theoretical framework. Chapter three concentrates on the text analysis of the female protagonist Anna's pursuit of the free woman identity, which will be conducted mainly from three perspectives, namely her political faith,marriage and love, as well we psychological status. Through asserting Foucault's power theory into the text analysis, we could get a clear view on how the heroine became the victim of the omnipresent power in contemporary social organizations, and also how individual resisted power via making explorations on the genealogy of the self. Chapter four gives two different interpretations of Anna's destiny, with each representing the common feminists'view and Foucault's version respectively. Via such comparison, the author attempts to find a correlation between Foucault's power theory and feminism, to tell in what ways Foucault'spower theory have modified parts of problems in current feminism, and how the formal convergent with the latter. The last chapter serves as a concluding part in which a summary of this thesis will be reached, and limitations as well as further implications will be point out.
Finally, I want to talk about the deficiency existing in this paper.
The limitations of this thesis cannot be regarded as the challenge to the relevance of Foucaxxlt's theory to feminism; on the contrary, it tells that the value of applying Foucault'spower theory lies precisely in his invitation to feminists to remain highly critical about their previous prejudices as well as their future trends. In order to make full use of Foucault's power theory in modifying feminism, we have to dig out more convergences they share with each other. With the idea that knowledge and truth are partial ones serving as a start,Genealogy is then an excellent perspective for farther explorations on the Foucauldian and feminist projects.
Thank you very much!
毕业论文答辩是教育教学计划中重要必不可少的一个环节,是高校对毕业生从论文的定题到资料的搜集、整理、运用,从开展社会调研到论文的脱稿,从论文的认识程度到分析到解决实际间题、当众论证问题的一次考验、也是高校对毕业生从论文写作技巧到语言表达能力以及各方面的综合素质和能力的一次训练。
一、毕业论文答辩的意义
毕业论文答辩是高校检阅学生毕业实习质量的重要形式之一,是对毕业生的研究能力的综合检验,也是推动高校创新教育,培养创新人才的重要途径之一。毕业论文答辩不但有如此重要的“检查”作用,而且还有“促进”的作用。
第一,它是检查“教书育人”质量高低的一种手段。
第二,答辩既是对学生的素质和能力的综合检验
第三,进一步考查学生对专业知识掌握的深度和广度
第四,答辩是检查学生“学”与“用”的效果的尺寸。
第五,答辩,对成人高校文科的教学改革能起到促进的作用.
第六,答辩,为成人高校文科学生毕业后进一步从事科研、解决工作中的实际间题,为
第七,今后评定专业职称的论文写作打下良好基础。
第八,答辩为用人单位择优用人提供了很好的依据。
第九,提高毕业生质量和扩大社会影响,也有重要作用。
二、毕业论文答辩技巧
经过毕业论文的选题、开题、设计、撰写,毕业论文进入答辩环节,毕业论文答辩是毕业论文流程的最后一关。如果准备不够充分万一失手那将是前功尽弃。
毕业论文答辩之前一定要熟悉论文的内容
毕业论文答辩的根本目的在于:在大庭广众场合,高校对每一个学生的毕业论文的真实性,不熟悉论文的内容,不对论文涉及的基本概念、原理、大意、结构、提要作深入的了解和分析,抱着投机和侥幸的心理,势必造成被动的局面,因此学生对毕业论文答辩要充分的准备和重视,熟悉论文及相关资料,作好应答准备;预测论题,作好答辩准备
对论文的谋篇布局和论文的内容要相当熟悉,才能应答如流
三、毕业论文答辩之前一定要加强锻炼,提高自己自信心
答辩对于学生来说是经历不多的,甚至是从来没有经历过的,严肃的考场、威严的答辩委员更加重了自我表现的心理负担。有许多毕业生在答辩场上脸红心跳、口齿不清,许多记忆中原有的信息都遗忘了,大脑一片空白。因此在答辩之前自己要对照镜子多模拟,加强训练,提高自信心,答辩之前要调整好心态,作好心理准备,在答辩场上要析事明理、针对性强、谦虚谨慎、态度平和、冷静思考、不忙不乱,灵活机动、变被动为主动
四、毕业论文答辩应该注重外在形象
站长答辩台上穿着最好正式点比如穿西装打领带,发型整洁清爽。虽然毕业论文答辩以口语为主,但在一定程度上还是会受到心、脑、口内在性因素的影响,如果运用适当的形体语言辅助你的答辩,将使答辩成绩更高。尤其是是手势的运用将显得自更加信和做好了充分的准备。假使在答辩过程中总是低着头,那样答辩成绩将会受大很大的不良的影响。答辩时候要在服装以及行为方面“再造”自我。更有利于得到评委的喜爱和认可。
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Everybody is good!Today I will be the theme of the speech is "do not forget national humiliation, the revitalization of the Chinese".The Yellow River Yangtze river pentium thousands of miles, that is China! Has a long history in the ancient text, tang poetry from generation to generation, that is China! The beauty of the plateau, the vast basin of xinjiang, that is China!I ahead in China, I watched an eagle with wings, I watched the shining star! This is my mother, , I think, the prosperity of the motherland, and from whatever tribulations after vicissitudes of life to come out of...The nanjing massacre, the earth's body, our heart is in pain; The ruins of yuanmingyuan, clouds of fire, our tears in the flow. But our country did not sink, brawny arms into cradle, and raise the roll up with generous hand Chinese alpine silk; With hard work, moistens the earth. MAO zedong, a generation of leaders to support the nation's flesh and blood; Deng xiaoping, guide disaster country moves towards magnificently. Qian xuesen, the power of the development of science; He, the hope of education motherland growing, growing. Color of skin of the motherland to me, give me wisdom and courage of the motherland, with the wave of reform, and break through the old beam, a new powerful sunrise! Oriental giant, he stood up!When I see the motherland's noble and lofty, after I see China's flourishing and prosperity, when I see the neon lights flashing, day and night can is if the Milky Way...Look like a swift horse hardships of transcendence, day and night! Fireworks cangmang, thousand sails to compete sends, to win the motherland; Peaks prance, Mercedes, plain river always motherland. We will proud to shout out: "the great motherland, I love you!"This is a used new country; This is a devoted the motherland; This is an increasingly powerful motherland! "An inch of educational figure of patriotism, two lines of clear tears for festive".Fly, my motherland!My speech to this end, thank you!大家好!今天我要演讲的主题是《勿忘国耻,振兴中华》。黄河长江奔腾万里,那是中国!古老文字源远流长,唐诗宋词代代相传,那是中国!青藏美丽的高原,新疆辽阔的盆地,那是中国!我遥望神州大地,我遥望展翅雄鹰,我遥望那一颗闪耀的红星!这就是我的母亲——中国。但,我想,那个繁荣昌盛的祖国,也是从重重磨难中历经沧桑走出来的……南京大屠杀,遍地的尸体,我们的心在痛;圆明园的废墟上,团团烈火,我们的泪在流。但我们的祖国没有沉没,把粗壮的臂膀变成摇篮,抚养着炎黄子孙用宽厚的手掌挽起高山秀水;用辛勤的汗水滋润着大地。毛泽东,一代领袖支撑着民族的血肉;邓小平,指引多灾的祖国走向辉煌。钱学森,科学发展的动力;季羡林,教育发展的希望。祖国日渐强大,日渐辉煌。给我肤色的祖国,给我智慧与胆略的祖国,有改革的浪潮迭起,冲破旧的束搏,迎来新世纪磅礴的日出!东方巨人,他,站起来了!待我看祖国的崇高与巍峨,待我看祖国的繁荣与富强,待我看那霓虹灯日夜闪烁,灿若银河……千里马般日夜兼程的超越,看啊!烟花苍茫,千帆竞发,百舸争流的祖国;群峰腾跃,平原奔驰,长河扬鞭的祖国。我们要自豪地喊出:“伟大的祖国,我爱你!”这是个除旧迎新的祖国;这是个前赴后继的祖国;这是个日渐强大的祖国!“一寸丹心图报国,两行清泪为思亲”。飞翔吧,我的祖国!我的演讲到此结束,谢谢大家!
毕业论文的英文翻译是thesis,音标是英 [ˈθi:sɪs] 美 [ˈθisɪs] 。
n.论文,毕业论文;论点,论题;命题
1、There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis.
他的论文缺乏实验证据的支持。
2、How well does this thesis stand up to close examination?
这个命题经得起推敲吗?
3、He has finished his thesis.
他的论文完成了。
4、She's finished writing her thesis.
她那篇论文写出来了。
5、Please write an abstract of this article 〔 thesis 〕.
请写一份这本书〔这篇论文〕的摘要。
The article has a clear-cut thesis and arguments, but lacks reasoning.
文章论点、论据鲜明,但缺乏论证。
毕业论文外文翻译:将外文参考文献翻译成中文版本。
翻译要求:
1、选定外文文献后先给指导老师看,得到老师的确认通过后方可翻译。
2、选择外文翻译时一定选择外国作者写的文章,可从学校中知网或者外文数据库下载。
3、外文翻译字数要求3000字以上,从外文文章起始处开始翻译,不允许从文章中间部分开始翻译,翻译必须结束于文章的一个大段落。
参考文献是在学术研究过程中,对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴。征引过的文献在注释中已注明,不再出现于文后参考文献中。外文参考文献就是指论文是引用的文献原文是国外的,并非中国的。
原文就是指原作品,原件,即作者所写作品所用的语言。如莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》原文是英语。
译文就是翻译过来的文字,如在中国也可以找到莎士比亚《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中文版本,这个中文版本就称为译文。
主要标准
翻译是语际交流过程中沟通不同语言的桥梁。一般来说,翻译的标准主要有两条:忠实和通顺。
忠实
是指忠实于原文所要传递的信息,也就是说,把原文的信息完整并且准确地表达出来,使译文读者得到的信息与原文读者得到的信息大致相同。
通顺
是指译文规范、明白易懂,没有文理不通、结构混乱、逻辑不清的现象。
毕业论文thesis[英][ˈθi:sɪs][美][ˈθisɪs]n.论文,毕业论文; 论点,论题; 命题; 复数:theses易混淆单词:THESIS例句: completed his doctorate in 1999 with his thesis on the technical subject of structural design. 1999年,朱竞翔获得博士学位,博士论文写的是结构设计的技术问题。 is a beguilingly simple thesis, one particularly attractive to the western business executives who have joinedthe china gold rush. 但这是一个具有欺骗性的简单论点,对参与中国淘金浪潮的西方企业高管尤其有吸引力。 have a grand new thesis of the emerging markets. 我们现在得出了一套全新的新兴市场理论。 question now is whether the overstretch thesis was wrong or simply premature. 目前问题是,过度扩张说是错误命题还是只是言之过早。 thesis is that women still do so badly at work mainly because we are not ambitious enough. 书的主题是:女性的工作表现仍如此糟糕,主要是因为我们不够有雄心。同义词:dissertation[英][ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn][美][ˌdɪsərˈteɪʃn]n.专题论文,学位论文; 学术演讲; essay[英][ˈeseɪ][美][ˈɛsˌe, ɛˈse]n.散文; 随笔,杂记文; 尝试,企图; 试验; vt.尝试; 试验; 经常说的:English dissertation(英语论文)Graduation thesis(毕业论文)
“毕业论文”用英文是dissertation dissertation[ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn]n. 专题论文,学位论文;学术演讲 毕业论文; 博士论文; 论文; 学位论文 例句: was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation. 他在聚精会神地写他的博士论文.2. I have not yet footnoted my dissertation. 我还没有给我的论文加上脚注.3. I'm working my notes up into a dissertation. 我正在把我的笔记修改成论文.