不用做实验的微生物毕业论文

生物柴油论文编号:SP017 论文字数:21059,页数:40摘 要生物柴油是一种无毒、可生物分解、可再生的燃料,其主要成分是脂肪酸甲酯,是以菜子油、大豆油、玉米油、棉籽油、花生油、葵花子油、棕榈油、椰子油、回收烹饪油及动物油等为原料在催化剂（碱或酸）的作用下与甲醇进行酯交换反应制成的脂肪酸甲酯。具备与石化柴油相近的性能。和石化柴油相比，生物柴油是一种清洁可再生能源,燃烧后可有效地减少机动车尾气中氮氧化物、硫化物以及颗粒物的排放，具有降低柴油机排放的潜力。生物柴油就是一种用油菜籽等可再生的油脂原料经过合成而得到的长链脂肪酸甲酯，它是通过以不饱和油酸C18为主要成分的甘油脂分解而获得的。它的十六烷值高，大于49(石化柴油为45),是一种可以替代普通柴油使用的环保燃油。生物柴油含有C16～C18长度的碳链，因此从碳链长度上看，生物柴油具有润滑性。从其粘度、闪点以及低温流动性等特性上看，生物柴油可以在某种条件下作为润滑剂使用。关键词：生物柴油；脂肪酸甲酯；碳链；柴油；润滑性 AbstractBiodiesel is a non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable fuels, its main component is the fatty acid methyl ester, a rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, coconut oil, recovery Cooking oil and animal oils as raw materials in the catalyst (base or acid) and the role of methanol carried out under the transesterification reaction made of fatty acid methyl ester. Compared to diesel and petrochemical, bio-diesel is a clean renewable energy, burning can be effective in reducing vehicle exhaust of nitrogen oxides, sulfides and particulate matter emissions, with the potential to reduce diesel is a renewable use of rapeseed oil and other raw materials obtained through the synthesis of long-chain fatty acid methyl ester, it is not saturated by oleic acid C18 as the main components of decomposition Triglyceride obtained. Its high cetane number, more than 49 (petrochemical diesel to 45), is an alternative to ordinary diesel fuel used in environmental contains C16 ~ C18 length of the carbon chain, from the carbon chain length, the bio-diesel has lubricity. Its viscosity, flash point and the low-temperature liquid, and other characteristics, the bio-diesel can under certain conditions to use as a : Biodiesel；Fatty acid methyl ester；Carbon chain；Diesel；Lubricity目 录摘要………………………………………………………………………………….I第一章 文献综述……………………………………………………………………..2 生物柴油概念………………………………………………………….2 发展绿色动力生物能源的意义……………………………………….2 生物柴油的研究现状………………………………………………….2 制备工艺研究 性能结构表征 本课题提出的依据………………………………………………………7第二章 生物柴油制备原理…………………………………………………………8 原材料…………………………………………………………………8 制备原理与收益……………………………………………………8 成品理化结构与性能………………………………………………13 主要结论…………………………………………………………….17第三章 润滑油品的基本特征………………………………………………………18 油类润滑剂的结构特征………………………………………………18 影响油品润滑性的主要因数…………………………………………21 生物柴油的结构与可润滑性……………………………………….24 主要结论……………………………………………………………......25第四章 生物柴油的润滑性试验………………………………………………….26 试验机及其工作原理………………………………………………26 实验设计……………………………………………………………27 试验结果与分析……………………………………………………30 主要结论……………………………………………………………35全文总结……………………………………………………………………………36主要参考文献………………………………………………………………………37致谢………………………………… …………………………………38以上回答来自: