春节和圣诞节的研究对比论文

圣诞节是美国最大最热闹的节日。每年12月25日，全国便 沉浸在一派喜气洋洋的节日气氛中。 圣诞节原是基督徒为庆贺耶稣诞辰而定的一个节日。但耶稣究竟是哪一天诞生，谁也无从知晓。圣诞节是公元354年由罗马 天主教教会规定的。但近几十年，圣诞节已不再只是宗教的节日 了，而逐渐社会化，成为政府规定的公众假期。 据《圣经》中说，在基督出生前，罗马皇帝奥古斯都有旨意下 来，叫天下人都报名上册。因此大家都要回到老家，按照本族本家 登记注册。圣母马利亚的丈夫约瑟本是犹太大卫家的人，于是他 们匣离开拿撒勒城，回到伯利恒居住。可是当他们到达伯利恒时， 城中的客店已全都客满，无处安身，只好暂时栖息在马棚里。入 夜，耶稣降生在马棚中，这里连块干净的地方也找不到，圣母马利 ．亚不得已只好把耶稣放在马槽里。这天夜里，天使光临到伯利恒 郊外，向守护羊群的牧人报告了这一喜讯。与此同时，东方有三位 贤土发现天上有一颗新星，他们在这颗星的指引下来到伯利恒，找 到了耶稣和他的母亲马利亚，并送上许多黄金和乳香等珍责礼品。 今天圣诞节的许多风俗都来源于《圣经》中的这段传说。 根据耶稣诞生在夜里这种说法。圣诞节的庆祝活动也从12月 24日夜间开始，半夜时分达到最高潮。这一夜就被称为圣诞夜。 圣诞夜是一个狂欢的夜晚。美国人常常通宵达旦地举行庆祝活动。他们有的聚在酒馆、舞厅、俱乐部中尽情欢乐；有的全家共 进丰盛的晚餐，然后围坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁，弹琴唱歌，共叙天伦之乐；那些虔诚的信徒们则在灯火通明的天主教堂里，参加纪念 耶稣诞生的午夜礼拜，有些人还在家中摆起“圣诞马槽”。所谓“圣诞马槽”，就是用纸搭一个小洞，上撤白粉象征皑皑白雪，洞中放上自制马槽，槽里摆上耶稣像，有时旁边还摆上约瑟和马利亚的像。 洞前点燃蜡烛，供上鲜花。“圣诞马槽”既可用来赞美上帝，也可供 亲友们观赏。但在圣诞夜里，最有趣的活动还要数“报佳音”。它象征天使在伯利恒郊外向牧羊人报告基督降生的喜讯。当深夜来临，教堂里的唱诗班就挨家挨户地来到教徒家门前齐声唱起圣诞颂歌。于是这家人就要走出门来热烈地应酬他们，加入歌唱。唱罢，主人把大家邀入屋中，以茶点招待。说笑一番后，唱诗班就再到别人家去唱。这时，主人一家也往往随同前去。“报佳音”的队 伍就愈来愈大，他们一家家地唱下去，欢乐的气氛有增无减，常常持续到天明。 待到圣诞节黎明时，熟人们相见，都要亲切地互致问候。但他 们不是像往常那样说声“早安”，而是说“圣诞快乐”。确实，圣诞 节这一天，人们个个兴高采烈，家家户户、大街小巷都要举行各种 庆祝活动。 提到圣诞节，人们首先想到的便是装饰得琳琅满目的圣诞树。 圣诞树的来历可以追溯到几百年前。据说它最早出现在德国，到 了1830年前后，装扮圣诞树的风俗才由德国移民们带到美国的东 部沿岸地区。从此，圣诞树也成为美国人过圣诞节所必不可少的 装饰。但圣诞树的来历，还有许多美好的传说。有一个是说，在一个大雪纷飞的圣诞夜里，有个穷孩子无家可归，又冷又饿。但他幸运地遇到一位善良的农民，将他带回家中，让他在炉火旁度过了一个愉快的圣诞夜。满心感激的孩子临行前折了一段杉树枝插在地上，杉树枝立刻就变成一株小杉树。孩子对农民祝福说：“从今后，年年此日礼物将挂满枝头，留下这棵美丽的杉树，报答您的善心。”诸如此类的传说，更为圣诞树增添了美丽的色彩。 每逢圣诞节，人们便要在小杉树或小松树上挂满礼物、彩花和彩灯(传统习惯是挂蜡烛，后来为了避免失火，就用彩灯取而代之)，树顶还装上一颗大星。最初这些装饰品都是具有象征意义的，树上的蜡烛象征耶稣是世界的光明，树顶上的大星则代表耶稣降生后将三位东方贤士引到伯利恒的那颗星。当彩灯点亮后，圣诞树光华四射，分外迷人。这时大人们会站在一旁欣赏圣诞树，孩子们更是手舞足蹈，甚至手拉手地围着圣诞树跳起欢快的舞蹈。有时做游戏，一家人蒙上眼睛，轮流到圣诞树前摸彩，取得自己的礼物。 在圣诞节里，除去圣诞树是必备之物外，人们还忘不了和蔼可亲的圣诞老人。在公共场所、贺年片上到处部有圣诞老人的形象。 有时在家里也由一人扮成圣诞老人，为大家分发礼物。在人们的想象中，圣诞老人留着一脸银白色的胡须，身穿一件镶有白毛皮 边的红外套。他那一副总是乐呵呵的样子，真不知为圣诞节增添 了多少欢乐的气氛。

春节和圣诞节分别是中国和西方社会最重要的节日,它们都具有悠久的历史,蕴含有丰富的文化意义。这两个节日显著的差异之一就是西方人在过圣诞节时更加注重对神的敬奉;而中国人则更注重对祖先的尊奉。这种差异的形成有着深厚的历史文化渊源。

第一，中国年夜饭和老美圣诞晚餐，不管是繁华的北京还是金融之城纽约，到节日那一天，大多数的餐厅和商店都会关门，中美人民都在家里和家人朋友们聚餐，其乐融融，只不过老美叫圣诞晚餐，我们叫年夜饭。

第二，中国长辈们喜欢直接包红包给晚辈们，给小孩子们过一个快乐的新年，开一个好的彩头，而美国人喜欢给家人朋友们送礼品，但是人家不喜欢怎么办？老美通常送礼都会在礼物里放一个收据，方便收礼人第二天去退换，美国媒体都报道圣诞节第二天是商店退换货高峰期，老美真是不怕麻烦，反正麻烦的不是自己。

第三，过节时，我们会看春晚，老美会看圣诞节电影，奇葩的是，老美看的圣诞节电影也就那么几个，每年看的都差不多一样，不腻吗？

第四，美国人圣诞节放假2天，中国人民农历春节放假7天!!!

The Chinese spring festival usually comes in January or February. During this festival people usually buy new clothes and eat many delicious food. On New Year's Eve, people gather together and eat a big dinner. They also watch the Spring Festival Gala on the , Christmas usually comes in December. It's on 25 December. Christmas is a celebration to celebrate the birth of Jesus. Every Christmas people decorate their houses and Christmas trees and have a big dinner. The most exciting thing is that on Christmas Eve, Santa Claus will come to our houses and give us lots of presents. That is the difference between Chinese spring festival and Christmas Day.

First of all, The Christmas Day and The Spring Festival both are great holidays in the Western and Eastern countries. They are very important during the year. During this holiday, family members will come together to celebrate. Usually there will be a long holiday before the Christmas and the Spring Festival. The people can have a great rest, then go out to traval. But there are also some differences between the Christmas day and the Spring Festival. Firstly, they are in the different time. The Christmas day is in 25th, December of solar calendar. But the Spring Festival is in 1st, January of lunar calendar. Secondly, usually the children in Western get presents during the Christmas day, but the children in Eastern get money during the Spring Festival. Thirdly, the Christmas day is celebrated for God, but the Spring Festival shows a new year coming. But the new year in Western is in 1st, January of solar calendar, not lunar calendar. Fourthly, usually the people will have a very long holiday during the Christmas day, sometimes one month, but during the Festival, the holiday is just a week. :(Anyway, when the Christmas Day is coming, the new year will come very soon. So happy Christmas Day and Happy New Year to all of you.

The Spring Festival of China is as important as western countries' Christmas. So they are indeed some similarities But because of differences in culture and may aspects, there are some differences as are similar in some ways. Firstly, on both festivals, families usually get together and have a good time at home. They often have feasts happily with the family. And they wish everyone happy. Secondly, shops, stores and supermarkets all like this period. They make big money before and during the , there are also different. Chinese parents give money to their children on the Eve, hoping they will do better and be healthier nxet year, while western people choose to give chilren some unexpected presents secretly. Of couse, the decoration are different. We can see Christmas trees in western homes while we can enjoy "chunlian" in China. Also, in China, people visit a lot of people during the festival while westerners often choose to stay with their families anyway, during the festivals, people are all in a good mood and relax themselves.