Half-way from rags to richesApr 24th 2008From The Economist print editionVietnam has made a remarkable recovery from war and penury, says Peter Collins (interviewed here). But can it change enough to join the rich world?EyevineCorrection to this articleKNEES and knuckles scraping the ground, the visitors struggle to keep up with the tour guide who is briskly leading the way through the labyrinth of claustrophobic burrows dug into the hard earth. The legendary Cu Chi tunnels, from which the Viet Cong launched waves of surprise attacks on the Americans during the Vietnam war, are now a popular tourist attraction (pictured above). Visitors from all over the world arrive daily at the site near the city that used to be called Saigon, renamed Ho Chi Minh City after the Communists took the south in the wreckage of an abandoned M41 tank another friendly guide demonstrates a dozen types of improvised booby-traps with sharp spikes that were set in and around the tunnels to maim pursuing American soldiers. The Vietnamese not only welcome the tourist dollars Cu Chi brings in, but are also rather proud of it. They feel it demonstrates their ingenuity, adaptability, perseverance and, above all, their determination to resist much stronger foreign invaders, as the country has done many times down the centuries. These days Vietnam also has plenty of other things to be proud of. In the 1980s Ho Chi Minh's successors as party leaders damaged the war-ravaged economy even more by attempting to introduce real communism, collectivising land ownership and repressing private business. This caused the country to slide to the brink of famine. The collapse soon afterwards of its cold-war sponsor, the Soviet Union, added to the country's deep isolation and cut off the flow of roubles that had kept its economy going. Neighbouring countries were inundated with desperate Vietnamese “boat people”. Since then the country has been transformed by almost two decades of rapid but equitable growth, in which Vietnam has flung open its doors to the outside world and liberalised its economy. Over the past decade annual growth has averaged . Young, prosperous and confident Vietnamese throng downtown Ho Chi Minh City's smart Dong Khoi street with its designer shops. The quality of life is high for a country that until recently was so poor, and its larger cities have retained some of their colonial charm, though choking traffic and constant construction work are beginning to take their toll. An agricultural miracle has turned a country of 85m once barely able to feed itself into one of the world's main providers of farm produce. Vietnam has also become a big exporter of clothes, shoes and furniture, soon to be joined by microchips when Intel opens its $1 billion factory outside Ho Chi Minh City. Imports of machinery are soaring. Exports plus imports equal 160% of GDP, making the economy one of the world's most open. All this has kept government revenues buoyant despite cuts in import tariffs. The recent introduction of company taxes is also helping to fill the government's coffers. Spending on public services has surged, yet public debt, at an acceptable 43% of GDP, has remained fairly stable. Having made peace with its former foes, Vietnam hosted Presidents Bush, Putin and Hu at the Asia-Pacific summit in 2006 and joined the World Trade Organisation in 2007. This year it has one of the rotating seats on the UN Security Council. Vietnam's Communists conceded economic defeat 22 years ago, in the depths of a crisis, and brought in market-based reforms called doi moi (renewal), similar to those Deng Xiaoping had introduced in China a few years earlier. As in China, it took time for the effects to show up, but over the past few years economic liberalisation has been fostering rapid, poverty-reducing World Bank's representative in Vietnam, Ajay Chhibber, calls Vietnam a “poster child” of the benefits of market-oriented reforms. Not only does it comply with the catechism of the “Washington Consensus”—free enterprise, free trade, sensible state finances and so on—but it also ticks all the boxes for the Millennium Development Goals, the UN's anti-poverty blueprint. The proportion of households with electricity has doubled since the early 1990s, to 94%. Almost all children now attend primary school and benefit from at least basic no longer really needs the multilateral organisations' aid. Multilateral and bilateral donors together have promised the country $ billion in loans and grants this year, but with so much foreign investment pouring in, Vietnam's currency reserves increased by almost double that figure last year. At least the aid donors have learned from the mid-1990s, when excessive praise discouraged Vietnam from continuing to reform, prompting an exodus of investors. Now the tone in private meetings with officials is much franker, says a diplomat who attends them. Vietnam has become the darling of foreign investors and multinationals. Firms that draw up a “China-plus-one” strategy for new factories in case things go awry in China itself often make Vietnam the plus-one. Wage costs remain well below those in southern China and productivity is growing faster, albeit from a lower base. When the UN Conference on Trade and Development asked multinationals where they planned to invest this year and next, Vietnam, at number six, was the only South-East Asian country in the top ten. The government's programme of selling stakes in publicly owned firms and exposing them to market discipline has recently gathered pace. At the same time the switch from a command economy to free competition has allowed the Vietnamese people's entrepreneurialism to flourish. Almost every household now seems to be running a micro-business on the side, and a slew of ambitious larger firms is coming to the stockmarket. Much of the praise now being showered anew on the country is deserved. The government is well on course for its target of turning Vietnam into a middle-income country by 2010. Its longer-term aim, of becoming a modern industrial nation by 2020, does not seem unrealistic. But from now on the going may get tougher. As Mr Chhibber notes, few countries escape the “middle-income trap” as they become richer. They tend to lose their reformist zeal and see their growth fizzle. A study in 2006 by the Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences concluded that further reductions in poverty will require higher growth rates than in the past because the remaining poor are well below the poverty line, whereas many of those who recently crossed it did not have far to stench of corruptionThe Communist Party leadership openly admits that the Vietnamese public is fed up with the endemic corruption at all levels of public life, from lowly traffic policemen and clerks to the most senior people in ministries. In 2006, just before the party's five-yearly congress, the transport minister resigned and several officials were arrested over a scandal in which millions of dollars of foreign aid were gambled on the outcome of football matches. The leadership insists it is doing its best to clean up, but a lot remains to be as bad as the corruption is the glacial speed of legislative and bureaucratic processes. Proposed laws have to pass through all sorts of hoops before taking effect, with endless rounds of consultations to build consensus. The dividing line between the Communist Party, the government and the courts is not always clear. The justice system is rudimentary. Lawyers have no formal access to past case files, so they find it hard to use precedent in legal government is part-way through a huge project to slim the bureaucracy and streamline official procedures. It recently cut the number of ministries from 28 to 22. Yet for the moment the bureaucratic logjam is stopping the country building the roads, power stations and other public works it needs to maintain its growth rate. Nguyen Tan Dung, the prime minister, says that if growth is to continue at its current rate, the country's electricity-generating capacity needs to double by 2010. That seems a tall order, to put it mildly. Soaring car-ownership is leaving the country's underdeveloped roads increasingly gridlocked. In an admirably liberal attempt to limit price distortions as oil surged above $100 a barrel, the government slashed fuel subsidies in February. But one effect will be to stoke inflation, already worryingly high at in March. Bank lending surged by 38% last year as firms and individuals borrowed to speculate on shares and government is finding it much harder to manage an economy made up of myriad private companies, banks and investors than to issue instructions to a limited number of state institutions, especially as the public sector is currently suffering a drain of talent to private firms that are able to offer much higher pay. What could go wrongAll this leaves Vietnam's continued economic development exposed to a number of risks: • Rising inflation—which is hurting low earners in particular—and a growing shortage of affordable housing could create a new urban underclass among unskilled workers who have left the land for the cities. Combined with rising resentment at official corruption and the increasing visibility of Vietnam's new rich, this could cause social friction and bring strikes and protests, chipping away at the political stability that has underpinned Vietnam's strong growth and investment.• Trade liberalisation and increased domestic competition will benefit some firms and farmers but hurt others—especially inefficient state enterprises. These could join forces and press the government to halt or even reverse the reforms.• The slumping stockmarket or perhaps a property crash could cause a big firm or bank to fail. Given the country's weak and untested bankruptcy laws and financial regulators, the authorities may find it hard to deal with that kind of calamity.• Natural disasters, from bird flu to floods, could cause chaos.• The economy could come up against the limits of its creaking infrastructure and the shortage of people with higher skills. Jammed roads, power blackouts and the inability to fill managerial and professional jobs could all bring Vietnam's growth rate crashing has set itself such demanding standards that even if some combination of these factors did no more than push annual growth below 5%, it would be seen as a serious setback. The foreign minister, Pham Gia Khiem, notes that Vietnam's current growth of around 8-9% is lower than that in Asia's richest economies at the same stage in their development. Despite the risks ahead, Vietnam has already provided the world with an admirable model for overcoming war, division, penury and isolation and growing strongly but equitably to reach middle-income status. This model could be followed by many impoverished African states or, closer to home, perhaps by North Korea. If it can be combined with gradual political liberalisation, it might even offer something for China to think about.
中西方国家均拥有悠久的历史和传统，在各自的 文化 上有其独特的内涵。下文是我为大家整理的关于文化差异英语论文的 范文 ，欢迎大家阅读参考! 文化差异英语论文篇1 文化差异对 英语学习 的影响 一、引言 在英语学习过程中很多人努力学习语音、词汇和语法等语言方面，却忽略了文化因素在语言学习过程中的重要作用，致使许多人虽具备一定的语言能力但在英语交流中仍会遇到许多困难。缺乏对文化因素重要性的认识已严重影响了英语学习。 文化因素对语言的影响很早便引起了国内外学者的关注，如20世纪80年代我国着名学者胡文仲就认为：“语言是文化的一种表现形式，不了解英美文化，要学好英语是不可能的。”但在多年的英语教学中文化因素仍未受到足够的重视，因此，本文将从中西方的 传统文化 、习俗文化和价值体系三方面的差异来探讨文化差异对语言的影响。 二、文化差异对语言的影响 要想学好英语不仅需要掌握语音、语义和语法等语言本身的技能，还需要注重文化差异对语言学习的影响。语言和文化是不可分割、互相依存的整体，语言是文化的表现形式和载体，同时又受所属文化的制约。若不能充分了解西方文化就无法真正学好英语。 众多学者已充分研究了文化的内涵，如戴炜栋和张红玲认为，文化研究发展至今，一个最具概括性、广为接受的观点认为文化是一个群体的生活方式，它包括人自出生后所学到的一切，如语言、言行方式和内容、信仰，以及人们赖以生存的物质和精神基础。张婧则认为，不同的民族所处的地理环境和历史环境不同，因而对不同的事物和经历有着不同的编码分类;不同的民族因不同的宗教信仰，也导致了他们独特的笃信，崇尚和忌讳心态;不同的民族因其发展的特殊历史过程也产生了本民族自己的历史 典故 、 传说 轶事。本文主要关注中西方在传统文化、习俗文化和价值体系三方面的差异及其对语言的影响。 (一)传统文化上的差异 中西方国家均拥有悠久的历史和传统，在各自的文化上有其独特的内涵。由于受到不同的历史和传统的影响，中西方国家在各自漫长的历史长河中所沉淀形成的传统文化亦不尽相同，因此，我们在 学习英语 时除了要学好语言，更要关注语言所属的文化内涵。正如刘长江所言，文化教学应与语言教学同步融合。 由于历史和传统的差异，中西方人们对于同一事物的理解和感受也有区别。如“龙”在中西方的传统文化中的内涵便迥然不同。“龙”是中华民族的图腾，我们引以为豪的自称“龙的传人”。在中国传统文化中“龙”是吉祥、幸福的象征，人们多用“龙腾虎跃”或“龙凤呈祥”等词形容吉庆的气氛。 但西方文化往往把“龙(dragon)”视为邪恶势力的象征，寓意凶残。在西方传统文化中“dragon”指的是一种长有双翅且会吐火的怪兽，因此，它与凶暴直接联系在一起。 (二)习俗文化上的差异 中西方文化差异尤其典型地体现在习俗文化方面。不同国家的习俗文化反映在各自的社会生活和交际活动中，如称谓、礼仪、恭维、致谢等方面。若不能充分了解中西习俗文化上的差异则会严重影响彼此的交流。 如在称谓方面中西方的习俗文化便有着极大的差异。中国人由于受到宗法观念的根深蒂固的影响遵循讲礼节、尊长辈的习俗。俗话说：“子不言父名，徒不言师讳。” 因此，在中国，孩子倘若对长辈或教师直呼其名会被认为不懂礼貌，将会受到家长的责罚。而在西方的习俗文化中西方人称呼除父母外的其他人时大都直呼其名，以示友好和亲近。这一点在美国尤为普遍，甚至初次见面就用名字称呼。这一差异的原因在于中国人尊崇长幼有序、尊卑有别，而西方人则崇尚人人平等、追求自由。 (三)不同价值体系间的差异 价值观念被普遍认为是文化的核心所在，不同文化背景中人的价值观念必然会有所不同。而价值观念又对人们现实生活中的言语表达产生重要的影响，因此，语言也往往折射出一个民族的价值观念。中西方价值观念的差异也直接反映在语言表达上，尤其典型地体现在诸如，禁忌、隐私等方面。 如中国人的价值观念注重社会群体间的亲密友好关系，因此，将询问对方的年龄、收入、婚否等情况视为是对对方的关心，但这些问题在西方人眼中却是一种禁忌，在他们的价值观念中这些均为个人的隐私，因此，避而不谈。再如中国人碰到熟人打招呼常会问“你去哪儿”或“你吃饭了吗”等，以示对对方的关心和双方的亲密友好关系，但这在西方人眼中却大有窥探隐私之嫌。 三、结语 英语学习中语言与文化密切相关，如高宝虹所言，在语言学习中，文化充当着极其重要的角色，语言的使用要受该语言所属民族文化制约。因此，中西方文化的差异必然影响英语语言的学习。尽管已有学者对此进行了探讨，但对文化因素的忽视仍未得到有效的改善。张友平曾指出，外语教学不应当仅仅是语言教学，还应当包括文化教学。因此，我们学习英语不仅要学习语言本身，还要熟知语言的文化背景，只有这样才能真正地将英语学以致用，准确顺畅地将其应用于对外交流之中。 参考文献： [1]胡文仲.文化差异与外语教学[J].外语教学与研究，1982(8):45-51. [2]戴炜栋，张红玲.外语交际中的文化迁移及其对外语教改的启示[J].外语界，2000(2)：2-8. [3]张婧.文化知识在英语教学中的作用[J].教学与管理，2009(2):84-85. [4]刘长江.谈外语 教育 中目的语文化和本族语文化的兼容并举[J].外语界，2003(4):14-18. [5]高宝虹.交际化外语教学中的文化认知观[J].外语与外语教学，2003(8):33-38. [6]张友平.对语言教学与文化教学的再认识[J].外语界，2003(3):41-48. 文化差异英语论文篇2 浅析英汉文化差异对语言的影响 [摘要]语言文字是人类社会进行交际的重要 方法 ，同时也是文化的重要载体。各个民族的语言在受到民族自身社会文化影响的同时，又反映着各自民族本身的文化内涵。如果某一个民族的人们不了解另一个民族的文化因素和文化内涵，就很难进行顺利的交流。因此，我们得把语言知识和文化知识结合起来，交际才能顺利地进行。因此，文化差异对翻译的影响不容低估。 [关键词]文化差异 宗教信仰 历史典故 风俗 所谓翻译不仅是对语言进行的转换过程，同时也是对文化进行传递的过程。研究对外汉语教学的专家赵贤州先生说：“跨文化交际之所以成为可能，正是人类享有某些共通的文化信息;而跨文化交际之所以产生某些偏差，是因为双方不能共享另一些有差异的文化信息”。本文着重从生存环境，宗教信仰、历史典故和风俗三个方面论述英汉文化差异对翻译的影响。 一、生存环境的差异对翻译的影响 生存环境的差异对翻译的影响可以说是基础的，显而易见的，同时又是根深蒂固的。对习语的运用是英汉民族生存环境的差异，是语言运用中的一个非常重要的表现。习语的产生、运用和人们的劳动生活有着很密切的联系。例如，在汉民族的文化中，中国人们印象中的东风是很温暖的，只有西北风才是很寒冷的。而英国地处西半球，海洋性气候，西风则是 报告 春天消息的，看如下例子：How many winter days have I seen him，standing blue-nosed in the snow and east wind? (在很多冬日里我总看见他，鼻子冻得发红发紫，站在飞雪和东风里。)钱哥川在《翻译漫谈》一书中认为此句的east wind，译成汉语时应该是西风或北风，这正是地理环境与我们生存环境不同的原因造成的文化气氛的不同。又如，在中国人眼里，夏天总是和酷暑炎热联系在一起，“烈日炎炎似火烧”“骄阳似火”是常常被用来描述中国夏天的词语。而英国的夏季则是温暖明媚舒适的，是一年中最舒服最宜人的季节，就像我们中国的春天一样。显而易见，英汉两个不同的民族，由于地理环境上的不同，生存环境存在差异，观察客观事物、反映客观世界的方式和角度是不一样的。因此，翻译千万不能只照词典上的词义逐词逐句的翻译，否则不能达到有效顺利的沟通。 二、宗教信仰和历史典故对翻译的影响 英汉文化在宗教信仰与历史典故上也存在着很大的差异。这对翻译有很大的影响，我们要有深刻的认识。西方人大多信__，认为上帝(god)可创造一切，因而有“God helps those who help themselves”(上帝帮助自助的人) 的说法。而中国人信奉佛教、道教，多有“玉帝”“观音”“菩萨”“慈悲为怀”等词汇。在中国文化中，有各种各样的历史典故，如“盘古开天”“牛郎织女”“卧薪尝胆”等等。在西方的文化里，很多历史典故都来源于古希腊和罗马神话，还有圣经 故事 。请看下面例句：Being a teacher is being present at the creation，when the clay beings begin to breathe.基督__，上帝创造了人，而人又来自尘土。所以，英语中creation指“上帝”。而clay指“上帝创造的人”。理解了creation和clay这两个词的宗教内涵后，就可以把其译为：老师是创造的见证人，目睹着生命呼吸成长。可见英汉文化中不同的宗教信仰贯穿在其各自的语言表达交流之中。如果译者缺少对对象文化个性的深刻认识，就难以理解 句子 的文化内涵，这将对译文的准确性产生影响，从而达不到有效沟通。 三、风俗上的不同对翻译的影响 英汉民族在习俗上有很大的差异，这对翻译必然有一定的影响。中国人把“龙”当成是吉祥的神物，有着伟大的力量，所以龙在中国文化里是至尊无上的帝王的象征，因而有“望子成龙”的说法，但是在英美国家却把龙当作是喷烟吐火的凶残怪物。相反的，中国人把猫头鹰当做不吉祥的象征，而英语中却说as wise as an owl，把猫头鹰当做智慧的象征。类似的例子在英汉交流中，我们经常会发现，给人很新异的感觉，这就是风俗上的不同导致根深蒂固的文化差异，译者在翻译的过程中一定要深刻意识到这一点，考虑风俗对翻译的影响，能使英汉民族进行有效交流。 四、结语 不论是卓越的翻译家还是出色的译评专家，都应该是具有两种文化意识和精通两种语言的真真正正的文化人。交流促进理解，沟通有助于进步，翻译则是交流与沟通的桥梁，让我们真正做好翻译的工作，架起英汉沟通的桥梁，为英汉交流做出应有的贡献。 【参考文献】 [1]崔建京.中学英语教学中的英美文化渗透[J].大连教育学院学报,2003(6). [2]张培基.英汉翻译教程[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2004. [3]包惠南.文化语境与翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2001. [4]彭保良.从文化差异的角度看英汉翻译中词义的确立[J].中国翻译,1998(1):25. [5]邓炎昌,刘润青.语言与文化――英汉语言文化对比[M].外语教学与研究出版社,1989:159.
^_^,我这里有几个:Stanford 大学 Graduate School of Business 论文库: Term-paper, report and research paper database: Paper Online: Science Research Network: (this is very famous, but some papers require fees here)Mendeley Research Network: 希望对你能有帮助 =)
考研英语可看这四本杂志：1.《The Economist》 (经济学家)2.《Newsweek》 (新闻周刊)3.《Time》 (时代周刊)4.《 News and World Report》 (美国新闻与世界报道)
giE一定制定合理的目标，并坚决地执行。找到适合自己的老师，然后扎扎实实地听课、看书、做题，可以试着多听几个老师的课，这是我整理的一些资料我找到了，最新的，今年的，英语，数学等专业课都有的都有，还有真题。你关注gong\众\号\搜：易思课考研。就能看到了。..........昔人将猎而不识鹘，买一凫而去。原上兔起，掷之使击，凫不能飞。投于地，再掷之，又投于地，至三四。凫忽蹒跚而人语曰："我鸭也，杀而食之，乃其分，奈何加我以掷之苦乎？"其人曰："我谓尔如鹘，可能猎兔耳，乃鸭邪？"凫举掌而示，笑而言曰："看我这脚手，可以搦他兔否？"
《2020朱伟考研英语题源报刊7000词增值本》百度网盘pdf最新全集下载:链接：
《赖氏经典英语语法（新版）》（赖世雄）电子书网盘下载免费在线阅读
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书名：赖氏经典英语语法（新版）
作者：赖世雄
豆瓣评分：
出版社：外文出版社
出版年份：2014-8-1
页数：510
内容简介：你知道赖老师每次开课为什么堂堂爆满吗？因为赖老师教语法，讲的都是你我的痛！本套课程使得语法学习不再是机械的记忆，而是以浅显易懂的讲解让语法变得异常简单，帮助你打好语法基础，成功应对所有的英文考试和英语交流。本书有以下特色：
1. 解说深入浅出，观念一点就通，被誉为“最容易学习、最容易吸收的英文语法书”。
2. 附赠赖老师精心录制的讲解音频，时长37小时，依照本书逐课讲解，搭配本书学习效果绝佳。
3. 跳出传统解说框架，从基本句型出发，让您立即认识词性，明了造句原则，掌控句型结构。
4. 不要求机械记忆，用有条有理的分析使读者达到举一反三、融会贯通的程度。
5. 每章均配有练习题，巩固本章内容，练习题也配有详细的解说。
作者简介：赖世雄教授是闻名海峡两岸的英语教学专家，先后获得美国明尼苏达大学大众传播与英语教学双学士学位，担任托福专任讲师 18 年，也是托福成绩满分记录保持者之一。
赖教授曾任上海复旦大学以及大连外国语大学客座教授，现任常春藤解析英语杂志社社长，著有英语升学、进修、生活英语、儿童英语、职场英语丛书两百余种，并担任多家电台英语教学广播主讲。
1993 年赖世雄教授开始担任中央人民广播电台英语教学节目主播，时间长达12年，教学方式风趣幽默、深入浅出、妙趣横生。
2003年赖教授被《中国图书商报》评选为中国英语教学十大名师之一。
2004年至今担任北京市政府主办英语活动之主讲教授。
2014年1月，赖世雄教授的“美语从头学”节目在北京外语广播台开播。
赖世雄深入研究英语教学，对广大英语学习者的需求有极为透彻的了解，长期以来受邀至各地演讲，不遗余力地传授读者英语学习的经验。
很多英语软件上都可以。
《英语文摘》杂志。原汁原味配以外交学院范守义教授等专家的精译，学不好英语不可能。特点：地道，有深度，翻译精准权威。
在世界市场形成和经济全球化进程快速发展的大背景下，作为全球通用性最强的语言--英语，在各国 教育 中的地位持续提升。我整理了关于优秀的 英语文摘 ，欢迎阅读!关于优秀的英语文摘：孩子的心声：汤米的 随笔 A gray sweater hung limply on Tommy's empty desk, a reminder of the dejected boy who had just followed his classmates from our third-grade room. Soon Tommy's parents, who had recently separated, would arrive for a conference on his failing schoolwork and disruptive behavior. Neither parent knew that I had summoned the other. Tommy, an only child, had always been happy, cooperative and an excellent student. How could I convince his father and mother that his recent failing grades represented a broken-hearted child's reaction to his adored parents' separation and pending divorce? Tommy's mother entered and took one of the chairs I had placed near my desk. Soon the father arrived. Good! At least they were concerned enough to be prompt. A look of surprise and irritation passed between them, and then they pointedly ignored each other. As I gave a detailed account of Tommy's behavior and schoolwork, I prayed for the right words to bring these two together, to help them see what they were doing to their son. But somehow the words wouldn't come. Perhaps if they saw one of his smudged, carelessly done papers. I found a crumpled tear-stained sheet stuffed in the back of his desk, an English paper. Writing covered both sides -- not the assignment, but a single sentence scribbled over and over. Silently I smoothed it out and gave it to Tommy's mother. She read it and then without a word handed it to her husband. He frowned. Then his face softened. He studied the scrawled words for what seemed an eternity. At last he folded the paper carefully, placed it in his pocket, and reached for his wife's outstretched hand. She wiped the tears from her eyes and smiled up at him. My own eyes were brimming, but neither seemed to notice. He helped her with her coat and they left together. In his own way God had given me the words to reunite that family. He had guided me to the sheet of yellow copy paper covered with the anguished outpouring of a small boy's troubled heart. The words, "Dear Mom ... Dear Daddy ... I love you ... I love you ... I love you." 参考译文： 一件灰色套衫搭在汤米的空桌上，让人想起这个情绪低落的男孩，他刚随同学从三年级教室出去。汤米最近分居的父母马上就要来学校，讨论他每况愈下的学习成绩和捣蛋行为。父母双方都不知道对方要来。 汤米是个独子，一直生活幸福，乐意合作，而且是个出色的学生。我怎能使他的父母相信他近来学习成绩下降是一个心碎的孩子对他敬爱的父母分居和即将离异的反应呢? 汤米的母亲进屋后坐在我放在我桌旁的其中一把椅子上。不一会儿他的父亲也来了。不错!至少他们还够关心他，能准时来校。他们之间交换了一下惊奇和气恼的眼色，然后明显流露出无视对方的神色。 我详细叙述汤米的表现和学习情况，苦苦寻求恰当的词语以图把他们俩撮合在一起，帮助他们认识到他们的所作所为给孩子造成的后果。但是不知怎么的就是找不到适当的话，或许如果他们看看汤米的一纸脏污、漫不经心写的作业…… 我在他桌子深处找到一张皱巴巴的满是泪迹的纸。那是张英语作业纸，正反两面潦潦草草地写满了字，但不是布置的作业，而是翻来覆去的一句话。 我默默地把它捋平，递给了汤米的母亲。她看完后没吭一声给了她丈夫。他先是皱着眉，而后脸色变温和了。他仔细盯着潦草的字看了似乎无穷无尽的一段时间。 最后，他小心翼翼地折起纸，把它放进口袋里，手伸向他妻子伸出的手。她擦去眼里的泪水，抬头朝她的丈夫露出笑容。我也热泪盈眶，但是他们俩谁也没注意到。汤米的父亲帮妻子穿上大衣，然后俩人一起走了出去。 上帝以自己的方式给了我使这一家破镜重圆的词语，他把我引向了那张满是一个小男孩苦恼心情的痛苦倾诉的黄色作业纸。 那张纸上写着：“亲爱的妈妈……亲爱的爸爸……我爱你们……我爱你们……我爱你们。” 关于优秀的英语文摘：女人的泪水是为人类而流的 A Woman's Tears " Why are you crying?", he asked his Mom. " Because I'm a woman", she told him. " I don't understand," he said. His Mom just hugged him and said," And you never will." ... Later the little boy asked his father, " Why does mother seem to cry for no reason?" "All women cry for no reason." was all his Dad could say... The little boy grew up and became a man, still wondering why women cry... Finally he put in a call to God; when God got on the phone, the man said, " God, why do women cry so easily?" God said... " When I made woman she had to be special. I made her shoulders strong enough to carry the weight of the world; yet gentle enough to give comfort... I gave her an inner strength to endure childbirth and the rejection that many times comes from her children... I gave her a hardness that allows her to keep going when everyone else gives up and take care of her family through fatigue and sickness without complaining... I gave her the sensitivity to love her children under any and all circumstances, even when her child has hurt them very badly.... I gave her strength to carry her husband through his faults and fashioned her from his rib to protect his heart. I gave her wisdom to know that a good husband never hurts his wife, but sometimes tests her strengths and her resolve to stand beside him unfalteringly. I gave her a tear to shed. It's hers exclusively to use whenever it is needed. It's her only weakness... It's a tear for mankind..." 中文： “你为什么哭呀?”他问他的妈妈。 “因为我是个女人。”她告诉他。 “我不明白。”他说。 他的妈妈只是搂紧了他说，“你永远也不会明白。”…… 后来这个小孩问他的父亲，“为什么母亲无缘无故地哭?”“所有女人都会无缘无故地哭。”他的父亲只能这样说…… 小男孩长成了大男人，依然没有弄明白女人为什么哭…… 最后他给上帝拨了个电话。当上帝接到电话时，这位长大成人的男子问，“上帝，为什么女人那么容易哭?”上帝说……“当我创造女人时她必须是特殊的。我让她的肩膀坚强得足以承担这个世界的重量，但又足够温柔地给人慰藉…… 我给她内在的力量以承受分娩的剧痛，去忍受孩子们一次又一次的厌弃…… 我给她坚韧，使她在人人都放弃时能独自坚持下去，不顾自身的疲惫和病痛毫无怨言地照料家人…… 我给她敏感的心，去毫无条件毫无保留地爱她的儿女，即使他们深深伤害过她…… 我给她力量让她帮助丈夫克服他的过失，我用他的一根肋骨造出了她来保护他的心。 我给她智慧让她明白，好丈夫永不伤害妻子，但有时会考验她的力量，考验她坚决站在他身旁的决心。 我给她眼泪，这眼泪只属于她，需要时便会流下，这是她惟一的弱点…… 这是为人类而流下的泪水……” 关于优秀的英语文摘：唤醒灵魂的力量-音乐 Never did music more sink into and soothe and fill me - never so prove its soul - rousing power, its impossibility of statement. Especially in the rendering of one of Beethoven's master septets... I was carried away, seeing, absorbing many wonders. Dainty abandon, sometimes as if Nature laughing on a hillside in the sunshine; serious and firm monotonies, as of winds; a horn sounding through the tangle of the forest, and the dying echoes; soothing floating of waves, but presently rising in surges, angrily lashing, muttering, heavy; piercing peals of laughter, for interstices; now and then weird, as Nature herself is in certain moods - but mainly spontaneous, easy, careless- often the sentiment of the postures of naked children playing or sleeping. It did me good even to watch the violinists drawing their bows so masterly - every motion a study. I allowed myself, as I sometimes do, to wander out of myself. The conceit came to me of a copious grove of singing birds, and in their midst a simple harmonic duo, two human souls, steadily asserting their own pensiveness, joyousness. 音乐从未如此渗透我的心灵，抚慰和充实我的心灵——从未如此显示它唤醒灵魂的力量，它的不可言传。 尤其在演奏贝多芬的一首杰出的七重奏时… … 我神魂颠倒，目睹吸收了多少神妙之处。奔放而不失优雅，有时恍如造化在阳光照耀下的山腰傲笑;萧然执著的单调重复，恍如风声飒然;号声响彻纵横交错的森林，继而是渐渐消失的回声;波浪平缓流淌，可是一会儿又汹涌澎湃，怒涛冲击，隆隆作响，沉重有力;间隙传来尖利洪亮的笑声;偶尔怪诞，如同造化有时喜怒无常——不过大体上还是自然而然，从容自在，无忧无虑——往往宛如赤身露体的孩童在玩耍或沉睡时神态可掬。 小提琴手弓弦舞动娴熟自如，即使就是看看也能让我受益——每一个动作都有讲究。 我听任自己忘我神游，有时我就是如此。我突发奇想，有一个百灵鸟欢唱的富饶园林，啁啾嘀啭之间有一对简单和谐的灵魂，坚定地道出了他们自己的忧思和欢乐。
英语文摘》是世界知识出版社每月1号出版，由 英语沙龙杂志社《英语文摘》编辑出版发行的期刊，主管单位：中华人民共和国外交部 。《英语文摘》在其定位中亦强调新闻英语。中文名称英语文摘主管单位中华人民共和国外交部 英语文摘主办单位世界知识出版社编辑单位英语沙龙杂志社《英语文摘》编辑部出版周期每月1日办报宗旨摘译英文外电报刊精华，了解全球风云变化，突破新闻英语难点，获取多方有益资讯。书刊定位《英语文摘》[1]将筛选、摘译英文外电、报刊的资讯作为基本定位，并通过时事经纬、环球人物、财经视窗、科技前沿、文化在线、寰宇新知、关注中国等相关版块与栏目的设置，尽可能体现以理性的目光尽览天下大事的意图。为顺利阅读外文、报刊，积累新闻英语中不断生成的新的词汇、短语，《英语文摘》在其定位中亦强调新闻英语学习的特点。自创刊以来，以新观点、新方法、新材料为主题，坚持"期期精彩、篇篇可读"的理念。英语文摘内容详实、观点新颖、文章可读性强、信息量大，众多的栏目设置，英语文摘公认誉为具有业内影响力的杂志之一。《英语文摘》用四句话表述自己的特点：摘译外电报刊精华，了解全球风云变幻，突破新闻英语难关，获取多方有益资讯。本刊每期筛选、摘译英文外电、报刊中有质量、有文彩的资讯文章栏目介绍时事经纬、环球人物、财经视窗、科技前沿、文化在线、寰宇新知、关注中国、读编互语读者对象具备一定英语水平，且有志于通过英语获知信息、进而达到有效交流的读者，阅读《英语文摘》当是继续英语学习的一个选择。目前《英语文摘》95%以上的读者为高校大学生、硕博研究生以及具有相当学历的社会工作者。参考资料[1] 英语文摘杂志．数字期刊网 [引用日期2018-06-12]猜你关注英语文摘订阅英语文摘杂志英语文摘英语沙龙日常英语口语100句英语在线朗诵猜你关注广告杂志猫粉丝狂欢节，英语文摘 订阅优惠活动开始批发晾衣架 ，2019十大品牌晾衣架代理康佳衣架批发 加盟代理_十大品牌
《英语角》系列是根据难易度分为三个版本：l Level 1（中旬刊，适合初学者阅读）l Level 2（下旬刊，适合有阅读基础者）l Level 3（上旬刊，适合有一定阅读能力者）
《英语角》系列为每月出版三本，七八月为合刊，是根据难易度划分的三个版本：Level 1（中旬刊，适合初学者阅读）Level 2（下旬刊，适合有阅读基础者）Level 3（上旬刊，适合有一定阅读能力者）。
States of Matter Matter is made of atoms and molecules. Water, for example, is the H2O molecule. This means that a molecule of water has 3 atoms. A water molecule has 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Substances like sugar have many atoms in their molecules. A molecule of sugar has many atoms, including carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Matter is made of molecules, such as H2O, which is the water molecule. Matter can be in one of three states: solid, liquid or gas. Water and ice are the same substance, but they are in different states. These states depend on the temperature of the molecules. When we heat a substance, the molecules move faster and try to take up more space. When we cool a substance, the molecules move more slowly. When we cool a substance to its freezing point, it becomes a solid. In a solid, the molecules move very little. Their positions are almost fixed. To be fixed means that their positions don’t change. If we heat the molecules, they move faster and away from each other. The solid begins to melt, like ice cream on a hot day. At a certain temperature, the solid begins to change into a liquid. The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid depends on the substances. For water, the solid begins to change into a liquid when its temperature rises to above 0 degrees Celsius. For some substances, such as steel, the temperature at which it becomes a liquid is much higher. Steel often melts at around 1370 degrees Celsius. If we continue to heat a liquid, the molecules move even faster. At a certain temperature, the liquid begins to change into a gas. For water, the liquid begins to change into a gas at 100 degrees Celsius. That is the boiling point of water. Inside a star, such as our Sun, the temperature is very high. Everything inside the Sun is a gas. According to scientists, there are over 65 elements inside the Sun. These include oxygen and iron. Over 90 percent of the Sun is hydrogen gas. Tests Results Yesterday there was an important science test. Lisas, Tom and 20 other classmates took the test. The test was about the states of matter and how they are different. There were 25 questions on the test, and they had 45 minutes to take it. Here are some of the test results. Two students got perfect scores. The lowest score was 68 out of a hundred. The average score was . Eleven students scored higher than average. Eleven students had below average scores. Tom missed two questions on the test, so his score was 92. His score was the eighth highest in the class. Lisa missed two and a half questions, so her score was 90. Her score was the tenth highest score. Her score was 4 points higher than the average score. Lisa was disappointed with her test results. She studied hard for the test, but she still didn't do well. As a result, she plans to study harder for the next test. The next test will be in about two weeks. Tom was surprised and happy with his test results. He didn't study hard, so his result was better than he expected. He was also happy that he did better than Lisa did. Tom was surprised and happy with his test results. Emotions She is screaming because she is really scared. Something is chasing her so she is screaming for help. He is shouting because he is angry. When hes really angry he often shouts like this. She is sleeping because she's tired. Last night she didn't get enough sleep, so today she has no energy. She's crying because she's sad. She got some bad news a few minutes ago. She's smiling because she's happy. Her boyfriend just called and he's returning from a long trip. Hobbies This man is hiking up a mountain trail. He is wearing hiking boots and is carrying a pack on his back. This man enjoys cooking. He attends a cooking class once a week. This woman enjoys gardening. She grows flowers, such as roses, and vegetables, such as tomatoes, in her garden. This boy loves playing games. He likes all kinds of games, including this video game on his computer. This old couple enjoys traveling. They take several trips a year, often to different countries. Ready for the Meeting W: Oh, there you are, finally. M: Yeah, I'm sorry. W: Why are you so late? You were supposed to be here 30 minutes ago. M: I got on the wrong subway by mistake. W: Why didn't you call? I was really worried. M: I don't have my phone. I left it in the office because I was in such a hurry to get here. W: OK, well, you're here now. We don't have much time. M: Yes, we'll have to hurry. The meeting starts in 15 minutes, right? W: Yes, it's supposed to, if everyone gets here on time. W: Did you read my presentation? M: Yes, I do. It's good, but it's a bit too long. I'm afraid there won't be enough time for questions. W: Do you have any suggestions? M: Yes, I do. I think the company introduction can be cut in half. They know what we do. W: OK, I won't show the video. It's about 2 minutes long. M: That's a good idea. The video is on our website and is not that good any way. W: Do you have any other suggestions? M: No, I don't. I'm sure you're doing a great job. Are you ready? W: Yes, I'm ready. The meeting room is on the 21st floor. M: OK, let's go. Discussing Test Results Lisa: How did you do on yesterday's science test? Tom: I did better than expected. How about you? Lisa: I didn't do very well. I expected to do better than I did. Tom: What was your score? Lisa: I got a 90. What about you? Tom: I got a 92. I only missed two questions. Lisa: So you did better than I did. And I really study for it too. Tom: That is a surprise. You usually do better than I do. Lisa: Yes, I wasn't careful. I made one really stupid mistake. Tom: What was it? Lisa: I said 90% of the sun is Helium instead of Hydrogen. Tom: Wow. That was a stupid mistake. Tom: What was the average score for the class, do you know? Lisa: The average score was and the lowest was 68. Tom: Do you know who got the lowest test score? Lisa: No, I don't. I don't know who got the lowest score. Tom: It's probably a secret. Did anyone get a perfect score? Lisa: I think Ada and Sandi both got perfect scores. Tom: Yes, they always do well. I wish I were as smart as they are.
最重要的区别应该是内容不同吧。毕竟，如果内容一样的话，就没有必要摆上上中下旬三本了，直接摆一本就可以了。
《2021阅读同源外刊时文精析》百度网盘pdf最新全集下载:链接:
《2021年何凯文考研英语点晴班阅读讲义》百度网盘pdf最新全集下载:链接：
《英语角》系列为每月出版三本，七八月为合刊，是根据难易度划分的三个版本：Level 1（中旬刊，适合初学者阅读）Level 2（下旬刊，适合有阅读基础者）Level 3（上旬刊，适合有一定阅读能力者）。
1由点到面，构建知识网络对所学的知识点分步地进行梳理、归纳和总结，理清知识脉络。从一个简单的语法点或一个核心句型开始延伸，理清它们的变化形式、变化规律以及与时态、语态等的关联。所谓由点到面，构建知识网络。2由面到点，加深记忆，查漏补缺回归课本，查缺补漏，打好基础。以单元为单位展开复习，回忆每单元所学的主要内容，包括核心单词、重点句型和语法，以及需要掌握的对话等。回忆时要有框架，由面到点，比如先通过目录页回忆每个单元的话题，然后再回忆细化的知识点。3聚焦重难点，巩固易错点对每单元中的重点内容（词汇、句型和语法）和在练习中易错的点作进一步的复习，解决重点、难点和疑点，加深理解。多看错题本，攻克错题。4经典题目自测，检验复习效果对复习效果进行检测，会产生成就感或紧张感，从而自觉主动地去学习，同时可以及时调整复习方法。在复习完成时，选取一定数量的题目进行检测非常有必要。多做典型题，摸清规律，学会举一反三，但不提倡题海战术。想要考个好成绩，除了熟练掌握单词、语法、句型，还要有正确的答题技巧