英语翻译教学在高校英语教学中起着重要作用,它直接影响了学生的英语使用能力。尤其在经济全球化不断发展的当今社会,加强英语翻译教学不仅关系着大学生的就业前景,更与我国经济发展密切相连。下面是我为大家整理的英语翻译论文，供大家参考。
英语翻译论文 范文 一：中西方 文化 在英语翻译方面的差异性
一、中西方文化在英语翻译方面的差异性
(一)地理环境因素
“一方山水养一方人”，不同的地域和环境必然造就不同的民族文化。中国是一个幅员辽阔、地大物博、物产丰富的农业大国，这就使我国形成了一种典型的农耕文化。中国人注重人与自然、人与人之间的和谐与统一，故在许多 成语 中都与土地有关，如“土豪劣绅”“、土生土长”和“土崩瓦解”等。而英国则是一个典型的岛国，其四面被海水环绕，故其航海技术一直处于世界领先地位，这也促使其所形成的文化中都与水或航海有一定的联系，如在比喻一个人挥霍金钱的时候，会用“Spendmoneylikewa-ter”(挥金如土)来加以描述;在形容一个人的形体单薄、虚弱的时候则用“asweakaswater”(弱不禁风)来加以描述;而在告别友人的时候则会用“haveagoodsailing”(一路顺风)来加以描述等。因此，只有掌握了中西民族文化之间的差异性，才能够正确对语句进行理解和翻译。
(二)宗教信仰因素
宗教文化也是众多文化中的一种表现形式，其也会因信仰的不同而产生一定的差异。中国的宗教门派众多，但是主要的可以分为道家、佛家和儒家这三个主要的流派。不同的教派具有不同的教义，如中国道家主张人和神仙是可以相互转化的;佛教则主张佛祖则是至高无上的神，其法力无边，这也可以从我国古代语言中明显看出。汉语中有“天命不可违”、“借花献佛”和“不看僧面看佛面”等的语言表达。而西方则主要以基督教为主，他们只承认上帝是万事万物的主宰，其无所不能，这在西方语言中也可以明显的看出来。如“Manproposes,Goddisposes”(谋事在人，成事在天)、“GodiswhereHewas”(上帝无所不在)和“Heavenisaboveall”(上帝高于一切)等。因此，为了达到翻译忠实原意的目的，我们必须要充分了解中西宗教文化的差异性。
二、提高高校英语翻译质量的策略
(一)导入异国文化
中西翻译的差异性。因此，为了提高学生对于英语翻译的认识度和理解度，教师需要在英语翻译教学的过程中为学生们导入到量的异国文化。通过将英语翻译与文化学习二者进行有机地结合来提高学生们英语翻译的水平。但是特别需要注意一点就是，教师在导入异国文化的过程中要始终本着由易到难、由浅入深的原则。此外，教师除了要为学生们普及一些西方文化知识外，还需要为学生们普及一些西方文化习俗的来源。例如，英语中有“raincatsanddogs”的习语，这句话用汉语可以表述为“倾盆大雨”，但是如果按照直白的翻译就会理解为“下猫跟狗”，这样就明显偏离了翻译的本意。这句习语主要来源于北欧的神话 传说 ，传说猫跟狗对于风和雨等天气具有很强的预测能力。又如“asstrongasahorse”(壮如牛)，但是如果单纯的按照意思来理解则成了“壮如马”了等。如果学生对于这个文化背景不了解，则会出现上述可笑的误译现象。
(二)介绍英汉语言结构上的差异性
英语结构区别于汉语结构，其重视主题句和主体结构的构成以及 句子 结构连接过渡词的作用，并且侧重用介词和连词来表示句子和词组之间的逻辑关系，这种现象在汉语中则很少用或几乎不用。另外，英语表述中特别忌讳重复，如果出现重复的问题，通常用省略、替换或代词的形式来加以表示，但是我们汉语中常用重复来表示强调。
(三)讲解一些常用的翻译技巧
在学生掌握了上述英语翻译的基本知识之后，教师需要为学生讲解一些常用的翻译技巧，从而让学生们学会如何通过删减或增加词语来使语句变得更加通顺。常用的翻译技巧主要包括词类转换、增删词语以及拆分语句等手段。首先，词类转换作为一种有效的翻译手段，其主要是将那些由动词转化来的名词或具有动作意义类型的名词后接of的形式按照汉语中动宾 短语 来进行翻译即可。其次，英语和汉语之间的结构表述有所不同，只有通过增加或删减词汇才能够使意思更加忠实原文的含义。
三、结语
总之，中西文化差异性对于英语翻译具有重要的影响。为了提高学生英语翻译能力，教师必须要在教学实践中让学生充分地了解西方的文化传统，从而使学生做到“知己知彼”，然后并要在基础上教授给学生英语翻译的一些技巧，从而达到提高高校翻译教学质量的目的。
英语翻译论文范文二：生物 医学英语 翻译得体性原则
1得体性原则及在翻译中的适用性
“得体”一词在《现代汉语词典》中的释义如下:“(言语、行动等)得当;恰当;恰如其分。”其他词典的解释与此大体相类。这是一种宽泛意义上的解释。难以确切理解其内涵，不大好把握，运用起来常常带有不同程度的盲目性、随意性。从修辞学理论的高度来衡量，离规范性、科学性相距甚远。王希杰先生在《修辞学通论》中则指出:语言的“得体性指的是语言材料对语言环境的适应程度。脱离了特定的语言环境，就没有得体不得体的问题。”他说:“修辞的原则只有一条，那就是得体性原则。一切其他的原则都从属于这个原则，都是这个最高原则的派生物。这个最高原则制约着和控制着一切其他的原则。”[1]王先生的定义简洁、明确，认为得体是语用的最高原则。聂炎[2]在《得体性原则两题》一文中对语言表达如何适应语体进行了 总结 :“每一种语体一般来说都有表现自己本身特点的不同的语料和表达手段，即常常有自己的专用词语、专用句法结构和篇章结构、语言风格等等，这是该语体区别于彼语体的重要之点。言语思维主体在选词 造句 时只有同语体和谐一致，即得语体之“体”，才可能有良好的表达效果。”翻译是一种跨文化、跨语言的交际活动，翻译过程可以定义为理解原文并创造性地运用另一种语言再现原文的过程，即语言使用的过程。[3]而得体又是语用的最高原则。因此，得体性语用原则在翻译中的适用性不言而喻。翻译的语用问题，归根到底，强调的是语言信息所采取的形式，必须由使用该语言的环境来决定，其根本是语言表达切合语境的得体性。[4]
2生物医学英语的特征及得体性翻译原则的具体内涵
从广义上来说，得体性语用原则适用于一切译作，但是，根据原作的文体不同，在具体要求上就各有侧重。生物医学英语属于科技文体的范畴。典型的科技英语是“专家与专家”交流的涉及学科的研究和发展的书面性英语。[5]其功能主要是述说事理、描写现象、推导公式、论证规律，其特点是结构严谨、逻辑严密、行文规范、用词准确，技术术语正确，修辞手段较少。[6]针对这些特点，科技英语翻译中的得体表现为忠实和通顺。所谓忠实，就是要完整地、准确地表达原作的思想内容，同时还需保持原文风格。这是对科技翻译的首要的、也是最起码的要求。原作的内容和风格是客观存在的。译者的任务，就是要把这种客观存在原封不动地传达给非原文读者。翻译虽然是语言的一种再创作，但毕竟和纯粹的创作有着本质的区别。译者必须忠实于原作，决不可自作主张，对原作进行随意的篡改、增删。所谓通顺，对科技翻译来说，虽然不像翻译文学小说那样要求雅致优美、姿态横生，也不像翻译诗歌那样要求抑扬顿挫、押韵合辙，但至少应保证译文语言符合汉语的语言规范和修辞习惯，文从字顺、明白流畅，而不能生造一些不伦不类的词句，或对原作拘泥太过，以致译文出现文理不通、结构混乱和拖泥带水的现象。在翻译实践中，若“忠实”和“通顺”二者不可兼得的情况下首先要考虑前者，即忠实、准确、规范地传达原作的意思，因为科学的灵魂是“真”，科技翻译的灵魂是“准确”。在医学文献翻译中，一字之差就可能断送病人性命;在工程技术翻译中，一个数据之误可能导致重大的技术事故。因此，“忠实”是科技翻译的根本和前提，而“通顺”是实施科技翻译达到完美的一种手段和途径。[7]
3得体性翻译原则在生物医学英语翻译中的具体运用
要实现生物医学英语翻译的篇章译文得体，就必须在词、词组、句子、段落等各语言平面上对译入语可能有的几个同义而结构不尽相同的语言形式精心选择，选择除了涉及语言结构因素(如词性、词语搭配、上下文)之外，还与文体有关。选择的目的是使译文得体，得语言和文体之体。以下通过辨析不同译文以具体说明如何实现生物医学英语各语言平面翻译的得体。
词的得体
表达规范
《现代汉语》指出:科技语体讲究论证的逻辑性，要求语言规范。[8]例1Electroporationisusedtomakesmall，temporaryholesinthemembranesoDNAcanpassin.译1:电穿孔用来在细胞膜上形成小的獉獉、暂时的孔洞獉獉獉獉獉从而使DNA通过。译2:电穿孔用来在细胞膜上形成瞬时微獉獉獉孔獉从而使DNA通过。例2Thesefindingssuggestthatoralim-munemodulationmayrepresentanattractivether-apeuticapproachtoatherosclerosis.译1:这些结果表明口服免疫调节剂代表了一种诱人的獉獉獉治疗动脉粥样硬化的新 方法 。译2:这些结果表明口服免疫调节剂代表了一种引人注目的獉獉獉獉獉治疗动脉粥样硬化的新方法。以上两例中的“小的、暂时的孔洞”以及“诱人的”用语不正式，且读来疲软。而译2中的“瞬时微孔”及“引人注目的”用语平稳、凝重、冷穆，符合科技英语的特征。
用词准确
例3PolymeraseChainReaction(PCR)isamolecularbiologicalmethodforamplifyingDNAwithoutusingalivingorganism，.译1:聚合酶链式反应是一种无需在活体(如大肠杆菌或酵母)内扩大獉獉DNA的分子生物学方法。译2:聚合酶链式反应是一种无需在活体(如大肠杆菌或酵母)内扩增獉獉DNA的分子生物学方法。译文1把amplify译成“扩大”，但根据生物学知识判断，这里的amplify是“creatingmultiplecopies(产生多个克隆)”的意思，所以译成“扩增”更准确。
词组得体
精炼、符合汉语表达习惯
例4Theabilityofmonoclonalantibody(mAb)，treatmentwithmAba-lonehasonlyachievedverylimitedsuccessintheclinic.译1:体外实验中单克隆抗体(mAb)特异定位于肿瘤组织的能力为癌症治疗提供了一种引人注目的治疗方法。然而单独使用mAb治疗在临床上取得了非常有限的成功獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉。译2:体外实验中单克隆抗体(mAb)特异定位于肿瘤组织的能力为癌症治疗提供了一种引人注目的治疗方法。然而单独使用mAb治疗在临床上收效甚微獉獉獉獉。例5Asimmunologybecomesbettercharac-terized，immunomodulatorhasprovenasoneofthemostprevalentareasinthedevelopmentofnewpharmaceuticals.译1:随着免疫学变得更富特征獉獉獉獉獉獉，免疫调节剂已成为药学研究中的一个最流行的领域獉獉獉獉獉獉。译2:随着免疫学的进一步发展獉獉獉獉獉，免疫调节剂已成为药学研究中的一个 热点 獉獉。以上两例中译2优于译1之处在于:译2表达正式规范有力，且更符合汉语习惯。由于英汉词组的构成和功能差异较大，所以总的要求是在“信”的前提下，既要充分表达原意，又要符合译入语语言形式上和修辞的和谐。科技英语中存在大量惯用和非惯用的四字词组，如asshowninfigure(如图所示)，withoutlossoftime(不失时机)，convertwastesintousefulmaterials(废物利用)等。合理使用这些四字词组，能起到精确紧凑，简洁明晰的效果，为译文增色不少。
专业规范
例6Thespleenmayaddbloodtothegen-eralcirculationtomakeupforwhathasbeenlostinthebody.译1:脾脏能给总循环獉獉獉增加血液，以补偿獉獉獉身体的损失獉獉獉獉獉。译2:脾脏能给周身循环獉獉獉獉增加血液，以补獉獉偿身体所失去的血獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉。在医学中，“总循环”不如“周身循环”专业规范，而且“补偿身体的损失”过于笼统，所指不明。所以译2更得体。
句子得体
句子是语言平面中上下运转的轴心，也是翻译过程的主要着力点。句子同义手段的选择应该做到对应题旨要求，适应行文递接，切合语体特点以及依从声韵协调。[9]具体到生物医学英语的句子翻译，应该做到:
体现信息中心
每一句话、每一句群和每一语段都有一个最核心最关键的内容或意旨需要得到强调突出，以利于接受主体准确地把握其语意焦点，了解其着意传输的信息，此语意焦点成为信息中心。[9]应尽量把原语的信息中心译成汉语的信息中心，使两者相对应。例7Nucleicacid，originallyisolatedbyJohannMiescherin1871，wasidentifiedasaprimeconstituentofchromosomesthroughtheuseofthered-stainingmethoddevelopedbyFeulgenintheearly1900s.译1:核酸最初是由JohannMiescher在1871年分离成功，并被证实为是染色体组最基本的组成，这是由Feulgen在20世纪初通过使用红染色方法证实的。译2:核酸最初是由JohannMiescher在1871年分离成功，并在20世纪初由Feulgen通过使用红染色方法证实为染色体组最基本的组成。译1采取直译的方法，虽然把原文的意思表述清楚了，但是把信息中心置于句中，未予突出。而原文中的isolated和identified为本句的信息中心，译成“分离”和“证实”。译2通过语序颠倒使信息中心突出，自然流畅，符合汉语表达习惯。英汉表达方式不同，许多汉语句子往往把信息中心置于句尾，来突出重点;而多数英语句子则经常将信息中心置于句首，以突出主题。这就形成了“信息中心首位”(beginningfocus)，其他信息后置的句式结构。汉译英时要注意把英语句法结构的这个规律运用到翻译中去。而出于汉语表达的需要，译者要反复推敲，甚至可以跳出原文的框框，合理使用翻译技巧，对原文句子成分、结构形式进行必要的调整，按照汉语的习惯组织译文。
体现逻辑关系
例8Lamivudine(Epivir-HBV)isapotentantiviralagentwithminimalimmunemodulatorca-pacity.译1:拉米夫定是有效的抗病毒药物，有獉着最低獉獉獉的免疫调节能力。译2:拉米夫定是有效的抗病毒药物，却獉很少有獉獉獉免疫调节能力。译1中没有反映前后两句内含的转折关系，读来有句子堆砌之感，而译2通过“却”一词使语段内含的转折关系得以彰显。
语段得体
语段是比句子高一级的语法单位，通常是由两个或两个以上的句子构成的语义整体。衔接是语段的重要特征，衔接的优劣，关系到话语题旨或信息是否被接受者理解和接受[10]，译文若不能正确反映原文中的衔接关系，就反映不出生物医学英语的逻辑性和条理性。例9ThebiosynthesisofRNA，calledtran-scription，proceedsinmuchthesamefashionasthereplicationofDNAandalsofollowsthebasepairingprinciple.(5)Again，asectionofDNAdoublehelixisuncoiledandonlyoneoftheDNAstrandsservesasatemplateforRNApolymeraseenzymetoguidethesynthesisofRNA.(6)Afterthesynthesisiscomplete，theRNAseparatesfromtheDNAandtheDNArecoilsintoitshelix.译1:RNA的生物合成，也称为转录，以獉和獉DNA复制的相同的模式进行獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉，同样也遵循碱基 配对 原理。DNA双螺旋的一段解螺旋，只有一条链作为RNA聚合酶引导RNA合成的模板。在合成完成后，RNA从DNA上分离，DNA再次形成双螺旋结构。译2:RNA的生物合成，也称为转录，和獉DNA复制的模式大致相同獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉，同样也遵循碱基配对原理。同上所述獉獉獉獉，首先獉獉，DNA双螺旋的一段解螺旋，其中一条链作为RNA聚合酶引导RNA合成的模板。在合成完成后，RNA从DNA上分离，同时獉獉，DNA重新形成双螺旋结构。译2通过许多连接词(如同上所述、首先、同时)清晰流畅地讲述了DNA转录的过程，较之译1更富有条理性和整体感。
4结束语
生物医学英语翻译与文学翻译在语言的运用上，在修辞手段的选择上，是有区别的。文学作品个人风格明显，感情色彩较强，翻译时多注重形象思维，讲究语言上的形象和表达上的生动;而生物医学英语个人风格较少，感情色彩罕见，翻译上注重 逻辑思维 ，讲究语言上的规范和表达上的准确，在选择译文语言时，译者的游刃余地是不大的。得体是语用的最高原则，但在不同文体中侧重不同，生物医学英语翻译的得体性表现为忠实于源语的内容和风格，同时符合汉语的表达习惯。同时生物医学英语翻译也同 其它 文体的翻译一样，是一种既具艺术性，又具创造性的艰苦的脑力劳动。它要求创造性地运用中外文两种语言知识和专业知识。而要达到这一点，只能靠大量的实践和不断的探索，别无捷径可走。
英语翻译论文范文相关 文章 ：
1. 商务英语专业论文范文
2. 大专商务英语论文范文
3. 科技英语论文范文:中国地名英译的注意事项
4. 新闻词汇翻译方法研究论文
5. 初中英语教学论文
6. 有关计算机英语论文
当英语论文，或其他重要的英文文书的初稿撰写完成后，在提交给相关读者阅读之前，必须要经过润色才比较保险。找北京译顶科技，性价比高，我就是在那边做的。你可以加速去知道了解下
一、引出开头1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）二、表达不同观点1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）三、表示结尾1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点）6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）四、提出建议1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）5：Sparenoeffortto+V（不遗余力的）五、预示后果1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）六、表示论证1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句.（我真诚地相信……）5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）七、给出原因1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...） 2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons .First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……3;It is obvious that……很显然……4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……九、表示好处和坏处1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处十、表示重要、方便、可能1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是……2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难十二、显示变化1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%十三、表明事实现状1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested （与...息息相关）十四、进行比较1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.十五、常用英语谚语1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里7：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母8:Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老10:Knowledge is power.知识就是力量11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人
写作准备：
1、熟悉写作要求。首先建议买本带讲解的真题作文集，浏览范文。熟悉常考话题、惯常写法、用词用句组段的特点。另外，结合官方评分标准，熟悉作文的各个得分档次，为以后自评自改作文做个铺垫。
2、积累写作素材。准备个笔记本，通读细读范文来积累常用词汇及替换词、词伙、句型、语法、话题、观点、案例、甚至写作样本等素材。
除过阅读真题作文集，还注意在平时的阅读和听力训练中收集话题写作相关素材。我个人喜欢的一档电台节目是中国国际广播电台（CRI）的“圆桌会议（Round Table）”，里面有当下非常接地气的话题讨论，比如拼车、快递、青少年犯罪等。
另外，TED演讲里也有非常好的原创观点，话题涉及教育、文化、科技、社会等不同领域。看演讲不但可以开拓视野，锻炼思考能力，有兴趣的话也可以研究其演讲词的写作技巧，对写作能力的提高也大有裨益。
3、打好写作基本功。英文底子不够扎实的同学可以从历年优秀范文中选取若干篇进行翻译-回译、背诵-默写等练习，在语法书、词典、写作老师的帮助下，锻炼遣词造句的能力。
组词造句这一关过了之后，就可以研究写作技巧了。写作技巧包括如何开头、如何展开话题、如何结束作文、如何让文章更有说服力等方面。写作技巧可以参照作文书里的技巧介绍，也可以自己通过分析范文来研究总结。
4、玩中写（可选）。应试作文写作模式比较单一，常常被同学戏谑为“八股文”，练习一段时间一般会产生厌倦感。这时候可以结合自己的兴趣，选择非常喜欢的看图说话类、故事类、时尚类、抒情类好句好文进行仿写、改写、续写、扩写、缩写、口头写等练习；
也可以任意发挥进行自由写、创意写、记日记，这些看似“无用”的练习都可以提升写作兴趣和写作基础。综合使用各种练习方法，可以全面提升写作和口语表达水平。写作水平提高了，口语也无疑会有长足的进步。
写作格式：
1、审题：拿到题目后先读题，标出关键信息。这一步注意弄清题意，知道通过写作要解决什么问题。
2、明确立场：作为当代大学生，需要以国际化的视野，科学、批判性地看待问题和分析问题。因此，注意我们的观点最好符合社会发展的大趋势，同时又能辩证地分析大趋势下的部分逆流并加以诊断性分析。
3、头脑风暴收集素材、并简单分类：这一步把自己的话题观点、案例、相关词汇等列出来，备忘。基于读题信息和收集的素材，形成论点，根据题意选择适当的素材，形成一个两百多字能说清楚的论点。
4、打好框架：一般来讲，250字儿的作文可以分为四至五段。第一段先给出论点，主体段结合审题阶段的观点类素材进行分类，草拟出每段的主题句（可以是短语），即分论点。然后把细节、事实、案例等素材与主题句对应，以便进行解释、举例、或补充。最后一段可以是对论点的情境化深入，也可以是分论点的整体性解析。
5、修改：写完后，用官方评分标准来分析自己的作文，给自己评分。然后与范文对比优缺点，再修订或重写。经得起推敲的好文是一遍遍修改出来的。
扩展资料：
英语议论文的注意事项：要坚持积累和训练，要写就写得整齐。应试中短文写作部分通常叫essay writing，其实只是要求考生表达对某事的立场或观点加之简要的分析和解释而已，因此除非有明确要求，通常不需要写题目。因为在国外所谓有题目的essay要正式的多，通常为上千字到几千字，有些甚至包括文献综述及分析。
如果要求写题目，那也是为了提醒考生在写作过程中时刻保持focus不至于跑题。作文题目一般有名字短语（如My View on Learning with APPs）、问句(如Is Learning with APPs a Good thing?)等形式。
其实质上是对审题阶段所提问题discussion question的陈述或回答，而正文其实就是对问题的分析和解答。 如果正文不能回答题目中蕴含的问题，那就是“文不对题”了。
1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。5、论文正文：（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：a.提出-论点；b.分析问题-论据和论证；c.解决问题-论证与步骤；d.结论。6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。
一、选题首先根据自己感兴趣的话题确定论文选题。选题=研究对象关键词+理论角度
二、研究文献论文选题确定后研究阅读文献。
三、写论文(包括题目，摘要，关键词，目录，正文，谢辞，参考文献，注释，附录)
1.题目：简洁明确
2.摘要：有高度的概括力，语言精练清晰(此步可最后总结)
3.关键词：3-5个和论文相关关键词
4.引言：写作目的，现实意义和研究背景，对所研究问题的认识并提出论文中心论点。
5.目录：写出目录，并标明页码
6.正文即论文主体，要写出研究对象存在问题及对策办法，实验方法，结果与分析。(运用了什么研究方法，得到了什么实验结果，总的来说就是 存在什么问题-----分析问题-----通过什么方法论证观点-----最后提出解决办法。)
7.谢辞：简述写论文体会，并对指导教师和相关协助人员表示感谢
8.参考文献：在文末列出论文中参考过的资料，专著(注：所列文献应按文中参考或引证先后排序)
基本上初稿格式为：摘要-引言-研究背景-自己的研究内容-正文-结果-致谢-参考文献。摘要主要写自己的研究目的、研究意义、主要研究内容和最后的研究效果。引言部分重点阐述该主题的研究背景等内容，正文根据专业不同写法也不一样，建议的百度下：普刊学术中心，有很多关于论文写作方面的资料，一定要自己多学习多总结多提炼，写毕业论文才能一帆风顺
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
毕业论文答辩自述稿英文版（通用6篇）
转眼间充满意义的大学生活就即将结束，我们都知道毕业生要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种、有准备的检验大学学习成果的'形式，那么什么样的毕业论文才是好的呢？下面是我整理的毕业论文答辩自述稿英文版，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am **** and my supervisor is ***. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation.
I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators.
So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices. OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions。
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ： I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere grat-itude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts.
The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies.
In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society.
Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
good evening, all the appraiser committee members. i come from hust, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. i am and my supervisor is prof.***. with her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year"s hard work, i have finished my paper. finally, it is the show time. this evening i will present my efforts to you all and i gratefully welcome any correction.
the title of my paper is a study of the causes of the gothic style in a rose for emily from a feminist perspective. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. firstly, i am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. secondly, i am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and i have taught this text for more than 3 times . last but not the least ,as a female , i am keen on the study of feminism. for the above facts, i select the subject of a study of the causes of the gothic style in a rose for emily from a feminist perspective as the title of my paper.
i hope by studying this short story we can know more about american southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
next , i will present it to you. here is an outline of my presentation. they are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
this paper consists of six parts. part one presents an introduction to the author william faulkner and a rose for emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and emily s attitude towards love. finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
ok, that"s all. now you may raise your questions ! i am ready! thank you !
today, the title of my paper is on the network novels. in recent years, the network literature is developing rapidly. network novel is one of the fast of them. in the middle schools, high schools and even universities, there is no lack of network novels" addicts. for the above facts, i select the subject of on the network novels as the title of my paper.
the last part, the forecast. looking from the internal strength pattern, the outstanding writers in our country mainly hold one kind of critique and the pessimistic manner to the network novels at present. if each big literature website enlarges their own supervision, the vulgar works, the pornography and bad works like those things, meanwhile hanker for new person s new article as well as depth ones, the network novels can be accepted by more people.
not a low-level novel but a kind of enjoyment.
good morning, all appraiser committee members. i am **** and my supervisor is ***. with her constant encouragement and guidance, i have finished my paper. now, it is the show time. i will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
the title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of on transformation of parts of speech as the title of my paper.
i hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any correction.
The topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.
Angela Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve into.
With the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and propositions.
Next, is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five parts.
Chapter one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the thesis.
Chapter two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the future.
Chapter three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual relationship.
Chapter four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two genders.
Chapter five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further study.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文
时间过得真快，大学生活即将结束，毕业论文是大学生都必须通过的，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验大学学习成果的`形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语专业毕业论文答辩陈述稿范文，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am xx and my supervisor is xx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. Im xxand come from class xx. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
The title of my paper is choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholarss main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
Thats all. Thank you.
论文致谢稿
在日常学习和工作中，大家对论文都再熟悉不过了吧，论文写作的过程是人们获得直接经验的过程。那么你有了解过论文吗？以下是我收集整理的论文致谢稿，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
从 论文 准备工作开始到至今，我的论文已经接近尾声。感谢我的论文指导老师--李**老师，本课题在选题及研究过程中得到了李老师的悉心指导。李老师多次询问研究进程，并为我指点迷津，帮助我开拓研究思路，精心点拨、热忱鼓励。李老师一丝不苟的作风，严谨求实的态度，踏踏实实的精神，不仅授我以文，而且教我做人，对李老师的感激之情是无法用言语表达的。 感谢进入大学以来对我有所帮助的所有老师，他们细心指导我的学习。在此，我要向诸位老师深深地鞠上一躬。 感谢我的同学们，在生活学习上对我的关心和帮助。 感谢我的爸爸妈妈，焉得谖草，言树之背，养育之恩，无以回报，你们永远健康快乐是我最大的心愿。 感谢上海大学在这三年以来对我的栽培！ 在论文即将完成之际，我的心情无法平静，从开始进入课题到论文的顺利完成，有多少可敬的师长、同学、朋友给了我无言的帮助，在这里请接受我诚挚的谢意！
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**在读硕期间，得到了导师L先生的精心指导。L老师治学严谨，学识渊博，思想深邃，视野雄阔，为我营造了一种良好的精神氛围。授人以鱼不如授人以渔，置身其间，耳濡目染，潜移默化，使我不仅接受了全新的思想观念，树立了宏伟的学术目标，领会了基本的思考方式，掌握了通用的研究方法，而且还明白了许多待人接物与为人处世的道理。其严以律己、宽以待人的崇高风范，朴实无华、平易近人的人格魅力，与无微不至、感人至深的人文关怀，令人如沐春风，倍感温馨。一股暖意细水长流，源自内心而又淌遍全身，岂是三言两语能够说得清，道得明的。我恨我无法用准确生动的语言来淋漓尽致地描述自己的真实感受，只好将它深深地埋在心底，化作一道虔诚的祝福：愿导师合家欢乐，一生平安。同时，也将祝福送给每一位帮助过我的师长。
我的周围是一群风华正茂的有志青年，终日沉溺于学术，偶尔游历于山水。指点江山直抒胸臆，青梅煮酒，纵论英雄。与之朝夕相处，不由然不为之动容，意气风发而高扬起青春的旗帜，生活的风帆。乘风破浪会有时，直挂云? 济沧海，他们永远是我高歌猛进的力量之源。谢谢你们，我亲爱的兄弟姐妹。
我的父亲T先生，母亲S女士，姐姐T小姐崇尚知识，热爱生活，对我影响至深，对我的学业也给予了极大的鼓励与支持。尤其是我年老多病的父母，不顾身虚体弱、心 力憔悴，不顾因庞大的医疗支出而捉襟见肘的拮据生活，毅然决然地表示即使是节衣缩食，再辛苦，再清贫也要全力支持我去读自费博士。可怜天下父母心，平凡而伟大的亲情为何如此执着，为了儿女的前途竟然忘乎所以视自己于无物？遇到这样的父母我还能说些什么？无语间不禁潸然泪下，请恕孩儿未能膝前尽孝，让你们把心都操碎了。古人云："羊跪乳，鸦反哺。"今后我将竭尽所能，加倍补偿这份一辈子也还不清的深情。
最后，我要向我端庄娴熟，智慧明敏，温柔体贴而又美丽大方的妻子——我的香香公主表达深得无法形容的谢意。是你无怨无悔，用脆弱的双肩肩负起沉重的负担；是你任劳任怨，用纤细的双手操持着繁琐的家务；是你尽心尽力，用虔诚的孝心呵护着年迈的父母；是你有情有义，用温馨的电波慰籍着孤独的丈夫。嘘寒问暖，儿女情长，使我既无相思之苦，亦无后顾之忧。两耳不闻窗外事，一心只读圣贤书，得以潜心研究小波理论，并写出这篇论文。毋庸置疑，它是我们爱的结晶。虽相守多年，然东奔西跑，聚少离多，颠沛流离，天隔一方。你没有过上几天好日子，全因我没有尽到一个丈夫应尽的责任。我愧疚让你做出如此重大的牺牲，承受如此辛酸的苦楚。但你始终情比金坚，这在现实主义盛行且物欲横流的今天是多么难能可贵啊！回首往事，我欠你实在太多太多，因而现在更懂得去珍惜这份来之与守之不易的情感。我为有你这样的妻子而骄傲，我为有你这样的内子而自豪。取妻若此，夫复何求？不过，冬天到了春天还会远吗？请相信我：牛奶会有的，面包也会有的！我决不会让你的心血付诸东流，我迟早会撑起这个家，给你一个童话般美丽，幸福而又温馨的港湾。
时光如水，日月如梭，诗情画意中的学术之旅行将结束。它短暂而充实，轻松而又惬意，犹如人生旅途划过的一颗璀璨靓丽的流星。有太多的事沥沥在目，宛如昨日, 记忆犹新。有太多的人音容笑貌，跃然纸上，挥之不去。如余音绕梁三日不绝，又如小酌醇酒，久之弥笃，真是欲罢不能，难舍难分。惟有掩卷长叹："天下无不散之宴席。"
时光飞逝，转眼间，本人在湘潭大学四年的本科及三年的研究生求学生活即将结束，回首七年的岁月，其中也有成功的喜悦，也有失败的悲伤。湘潭大学以其优良的学习风气、严谨的科研氛围深深的影响了我。值此毕业论文完成之际，我谨向所有关心和帮助我的人表示最诚挚的感谢与最美好的祝福。 本论文是在第一导师蔡四桂教授和第二导师邓辉教授的悉心指导之下完成的。三年来，两位导师渊博的专业知识，严谨的治学态度，精益求精的工作作风，诲人不倦的高尚师德，朴实无华、平易近人的人格魅力对我影响深远。本论文从选定题目到完成论文，几经修改，每一步都是在导师的指导下完成的，倾注了导师大量的心血，在此我向我的第一导师蔡四桂教授和第二导师邓辉教授表示深切的感谢与真挚的祝福!
当然，本论文的完成也离不开我们院其他老师帮助。在此也要感谢王向清、陈代湘、刘启良、王丽梅、方红姣、李伏清等各位老师在论文开题、初稿、预答辩期间所提出的宝贵意见，同时我还要感谢与我同门的师兄师妹们，在论文写作过程中给我的帮助。
最后我要感谢父母在我求学路上给我的关心与照顾，一如既往地支持我。同时还要感谢与我同窗七年的陈建辉、杨振坤、盘能文等同学七年来对我的关怀与帮助。
科研工作的顺利完成离不开他人的帮助，在正文的最后应向对本研究提供过帮助的人致以谢意。致谢的对象包括：对研究工作提出指导性建议者，论文审阅者，资料提供者，技术协作者，帮助统计者，为本文绘制图表者，提供样品、材料、设备以及其他方便者。致谢必须实事求是，应防止剽窃掠美之嫌，也勿强加于人，如未经允许写上专家、教授的名字，以示审阅来抬高自己。致谢一般要说明被谢者的工作的内容，如“技术指导”、“收集资料”、“提供资料”等。——
为期一个学期的毕业论文(设计)已让我非常痛苦的接近尾声了，我的四年大学生涯也即将圈上一个句号。此刻我的心中却有些怅然若失，因为那些熟悉的会计系的恩师们和各位可爱的同学们，我们也即将挥手告别了。
四年间，每次走进会计系教研室都会让我感受到一种亲切热情的氛围。无论是学习、工作生活上的问题，恩师们都会悉心给以指导解答，让我倍受感动。也就是在这里，给我的大学生涯设计点上了第一个逗号。我的学术论文创作的开始，也是从这里起步的。从某种意义上可以说，今日的毕业论文(设计)其实从大一时已经开始了。会计系的老师们，给我四年的学习、成长创造了一个良好的环境，引导我充分利用学校的学习资源，去发展、充实自我，而不曾虚度光阴。在此，我真诚的向你们道一声：“谢谢!”。
很荣幸在刚进校门时，能遇到像毕重荣老太太这样一位为学生尽心尽责的恩师，如今她已退休在家。在教给我们知识的同时，她也传授了许多为人、做学问的道理，可谓诲人不倦。我的第一篇社会实践论文，悉出自她一手指导。她实事求是的态度，对论文质量的严格要求，和不厌其烦的指导修改，给我留下了深刻地印象。
我们的班主任李江涛老师，虽不曾与我们有过课程上的接触，但对整个班级同学学习和生活上无微不至的关怀，让同学们纷纷称道。李老师对我个人学习、工作上的关爱，也让我在大学期间备受其益，着实感动。
严汉民老师和李月娥老师分别在院、系担任重要职务，公务冗忙，但对会计学社工作的开展给予了极大的支持。让我愧疚的是，个人能力有限，没能为整个会计系的学生做出太多贡献，在此深表感谢和歉意。李老师是我的会计学入门老师，给我的专业方向打下了良好的基础，她是“师父送上马”的那样一位恩师。而严老师现在又是我毕业论文(设计)的指导老师，在毕业设计期间，没少费心思。从论文创作的选题、结构、内容、甚至是编排格式上都悉心指导，提出了宝贵意见，让我在专业论文创作上又进了一步。就整个大学而言，严老师可以说是“扶我下马”的过程。在他这里，我学到了许多以前没有学到的东西，包括做人方式。至今清晰记得在工作单位实习时，严老师几经周折把电话打到单位，亲切追问毕业论文的进展情况的情形。当着诸位同事的面，我没有把感动、愧疚以及对校园思念的泪水流出来，多么熟悉的声音，让我重温久别校园的亲切。严老师，谢谢你!
篇幅所限，不便把各位恩师一一列举出来，表达我的感激之情，在此对会计系其他专业课老师一并表示感谢。他们是：汪长英老师、叶新宇老师、单新萍老师、任芳老师、屈文彬老师，还有心直口快的杨亚萍老师和敦厚温和的金春来老师等。尽管由于年级原因，各位老师可能离我渐渐远去，但他们四年期间对我的帮助与教诲，我永远不会忘记，他们的音容笑貌仍旧不时浮现在我的眼前。各位老师鲜明地个性特点和人格魅力将是我回忆中的大学生涯重要的组成部分。
“不积跬步无以至千里”，这次毕业论文能够最终顺利完成，归功于各位老师四年间的认真负责，使我能够很好的掌握专业知识，并在毕业论文中得以体现。也正是你们长期不懈的支持和帮助才使得我的.毕业论文最终顺利完成。最后，我向中国地质大学管理学院会计系得全体老师们再次表示衷心感谢：谢谢你们，谢谢你们四年的辛勤栽培!
时光荏苒，研究生三年的学习和生活展眼即将结束。毕业时节，回顾过去走过的路，多味杂陈，百感交集。读大学时候曾志愿报考地理专业，无奈文理相隔，只能选择了文科专业。经过考取研究生又一次选择，得以进入地理系攻读人文地理学专业。
研究生学习期间，最应感谢的是我的导师刘兆德教授。从开始蒙昧的对人文地理建立初步的理性认识，到今天完成整篇毕业论文，无不凝注着刘老师的殷切关怀和谆谆教诲。正是由于我在地理学专业基础上的欠缺，刘老师付出了更多的心血给予我研究方法、技术上的指导，为我指明了明确而务实的研究方向。从毕业论文的开题选择，到数据搜集、理论与方法的选择、中期指导、后期修改加工上，都满含着着刘老师辛勤的指导与真切的鼓励。同时，刘老师严谨的学术精神、宽广的研究视野、创新的学术理念都使我受益匪浅，愈发感觉地理学研究的高深之处；他谦逊可亲的为人处事、胸怀大方的性格魅力，亦无形中影响和熏陶着学生，这些都铭记在学生的心里。在此谨向刘兆德导师表示深深的谢意。
感谢地理与旅游学院为我们创设一个完善的学习平台，正是因此我们才得以飞的更高。感谢代合治老师、王慧老师、谢小平老师、张全景老师等，研究生初始阶段开设的人文地理学课程，使我进一步深化了对人文地理学的专业认识，这些高质量的专业课程给予我知识的养分，开拓了我研究的视野。特别感谢王慧老师在学习与生活上给予的关心与帮助。感谢人文地理学专业诸位同学，大家一起的切磋和学习，亦使自己深感受用。
最后，特别感谢自己的父母。正是父母对自己学业的支持和信念的支撑，改变了我的人生。
时光荏苒，冬去春来，转眼间，三年的研究生生活匆匆而过。值此论文脱稿之际，我衷心感谢中山大学七年来对我的培育，感谢各位良师对我的教诲和指导，感谢诸多朋友的关心和帮助。
感谢我的导师余志教授三年来在学习和科研上对我的教诲和指导，感谢他为我提供良好的学习环境和科研工作条件；同时余老师敏捷的思维、渊博的学识，严谨的治学态度都给了我很多有益的影响，使我不仅学到了专业的知识，更学会了很多做人的道理。
感谢我的指导教师邓院昌老师，三年来，在邓老师的身上我学到了太多太多，他的聪慧、幽默、严谨等优秀品质时刻影响着我，指引着我。另外，论文的选题、论文实验工作的开展，都是在邓老师悉心指导和严格要求下完成的。承蒙邓老师厚爱，自己得以在短短三年间，在各方面都得到了较大的进步。
感谢风能组的曾xx师姐、xxx师姐、xxx、xxx、xxx、xxx以及xxx，与你们朝夕相处日子中数不尽的温暖和快乐让我终生难忘。
衷心感谢工学院和智能交通研究中心各位领导、老师以及同学在学习和生活中给我的指导和帮助，特别是智能交通研究中心各位老师渊博的知识、严谨的治学态度、丰富的学术思想以及认真热情的处世态度都给了我莫大的启发和帮助，使我终生受益。
在这三年的研究生生活中，一起学习生活的交通信息工程及控制专业XX级的同学、朋友们也给了我的无私的帮助和关心，在此一并致谢。
感谢我的父母和家人，是你们滋养了我的生命；感谢爱我的人，是你们温暖了我的生命；感谢我爱的人，是你们延展了我的生命。
感谢所有在我生命中出现过或即将出现的人，无论带给我的是快乐抑或悲伤，都将化作丰富我生命的独一无二的乐章。
本论文是在导师王澜研究员的悉心指导下完成的。从论文的选题、难点的解决到文章的谋篇布局无不倾注导师的心血。王老师严谨的治学态度、渊博的学识、宽厚的为人，对学生学业的极其负责给我留下了深刻的印象。在此论文完成之际，谨向王老师致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢！
非常感谢戴贤春副研究员、王彤副研究员对我完成课题所提供的无私帮助。
再次感谢研究生阶段所有帮助过我的老师、同学和朋友。感谢我的家人。我将永远怀念这段美好的时光。
本文是在我的导师谢赤教授的精心指导下完成的，从论文的选题到定稿，导师都给了我关键性的启迪，在此我衷心感谢他渊博的知识和严谨的治学态度给予我多方面的教益和帮助。
同时，我还要向在我研究生的课程学习期间支持、帮助、关心我的湖南大学领导、国际商学院领导及工作人员，还有教过我课程的所有老师表示最诚挚的感谢！
最后，向所有在学业上关心过我的同学、朋友、老师、领导和亲人致以衷心的谢意。
值此论文完成之际，首先我要向我的导师薛波新教授致以深深的谢意。在课题选择和论文撰写方面薛老师给我进行了精心指导，提出许多宝贵意见。因为地域的关系，在论文的撰写过程中许多时候都是通过电子邮件的方式和薛老师沟通和请教，有很多时候薛老师回复的时间都是深夜或清晨，着实让学生感动，本论文的顺利完成也凝聚着薛老师辛勤的劳动。同时薛老师高尚的医德，执着的敬业精神和严谨的科学态度是我终身学习的榜样。在此再次向薛老师致以最崇高的敬意和最由衷的感谢！
其次要感谢的是我们医院及科室的领导及同仁，他们在病例收集及统计分析过程中给予了我巨大的支持和无私的帮助。
真诚感谢我的家人，他们无私地给予我精神上的支持和生活上的照顾，保障我能顺利完成学业，我迫切地希望和他们分享此时我心中的喜悦和满足。
最后，特别感谢各位专家评阅论文、参加答辩并给予指导和帮助！
论文终于写完了，但我并没有如释重负的感觉，反而在心中平添了几分忧伤，就要离开给予这么多的母校，不由感慨万千。
在不知不觉中，四年的大学生活即将走过，对我而言这将是一段令我一生难以忘怀的经历，在这四年的时间里，十分感谢授课的每一位老师，虽然我们相处的时间匆匆，但是你们每一位兢兢业业的专业精神将最好的专业知识传授给我们，通过四年的学习，为我以后走上工作岗位奠定了不错的基础。
我想感谢我的论文导师，曾老师对我论文的指导，让我能顺利完成毕业论文，感谢曾给我帮助和指导的所有老师，感谢我的同学和朋友，是你们的热情和关怀，使我的大学生活温暖而又精彩。
离开了并不意味着结束，我想我的人生旅途还有很长的路要走，我会带着感恩的心离开，不断努力，争取更大的进步。
谢谢老满昨天那么晚了还帮我弄摘要的翻译。
谢谢面试时认识的龚球博童鞋给予的友情支持!
忙完这个开始要忙正事了!20xx一定要给力~~
“论文致谢” 是硕博士毕业论文中不可或缺的部分，虽然只有区区数百字，却显得尤为重要。遍翻国内高校研究所硕博士毕业论文中的致谢，文字无非是“诚挚感谢导师、衷心感谢老师、特别感谢领导、十分感谢朋友、最后感谢家人”等，内容大同小异千篇一律，犹如封建时代的八股文，其中心思想就是“感谢天、感谢地、感谢阳光照耀着大地，自从有了你，论文变得好容易……”。笔者闲来无事，特总结出了“八股文致谢”的基本纲要，可为后来人借鉴；并缀加个人评点，可供硕博士研究生茶余饭后把玩。
第1段：诚挚感谢导师指导
绝大多数导师在学位培养阶段倾注了大量的心血，在理论知识和科研实践中都给予全面而严格的指导。因此最诚挚的感谢献给导师，名正言顺无可厚非。然而，并不是所有的导师都配接受学生的感谢的。随着研究生扩招，部分导师特别是身兼多职的领导，对学生既不“指”也不“导”， 把学生“过继”给其他老师指导，自己则做“挂名导师”名利双收；更有甚者全靠学生“自力更生、艰苦奋斗”。越是对这样的导师，学生们越是敢怒而不敢言，在致谢中更要“言辞恳切，感激涕零”，感谢的语言是怎样肉麻怎样写，把诸如“精深渊博的学识、严谨治学的作风和朴实无华的人格”等等统统写上，导师看后只会微笑不会脸红的。
第2段：衷心感谢老师帮助
许多“为他人做嫁衣裳”代他人培养硕博士研究生的老师只能在这一段中接受学生的感谢了。被“过继”的学生也想在这一段把对“后导师”的感激写得真切些，可惜纸短情长只好欲言又止……也有个别学生“少年不知愁滋味”，把对“后导师”的感谢流露的比对“亲导师”的感谢还多“一斤”。这可犯了致谢写作的大忌，于是他能否顺利毕业也成了未知数。
第3段：特别感谢领导关心
领导们为学生的学习科研创造了良好的环境与氛围，感谢是应该的。可恶的是个别学生颇有些溜须拍马的本领，把对那些见面很少甚至从未谋面的领导的感谢，写得洋洋洒洒，如黄河之水滔滔不绝，以此来抬高自己的身价。如果学院有院士或本专业权威，此类学生更是把院士权威们抬到致谢中来，顶礼膜拜行三拜九叩之礼，其目的无非是表明自己和院士权威是如此的亲近，自己的学术水平也一定很强，狐假虎威如是这般！
第4段：十分感谢朋友鼓励
要感谢的朋友实在太多了，只能列举一大串的名字了。即使这样也难保你忘记了某位朋友的名字，所以，末了一定要记得加上省略号，增加安全系数。以防某日此人偶翻你的论文致谢时，会与你反目。有时候朋友实在太多，真想写上“详见附录1，排名不分先后”，可惜尚未见此种做法，只好老老实实得把甲乙丙丁的名字罗列半页。
第5段：最后感谢家人支持
最应当感谢的家人却不得不在最后感谢，因为他们付出从来就没有奢望过感谢！试想如果不是家人们经济资助，就靠那每月200多元的补贴，硕博士研究生们还不喝西北风去！写到这里，方方面面的关系基本上都照顾到了，致谢也大体可以画上句号了。且慢！如果你有女 (男)朋友，切记要重点感谢感谢她(他)，感谢她(他)对你的支持和理解，虽然她(他)也经常和你吵架影响了你很多工作。如不然，轻者可能会引起她(他)暴风雨般的吵架，重者则可能分道扬镳。权衡利弊，这该写的感谢还是要写的。
因为致谢要充满人情味，要发自内心，岂能满纸荒唐言、一口虚伪谢？如是继续“八股致谢”，我看硕博士论文的致谢不要也罢！“八股文致谢”的基本纲要罗列完毕，却不想让后人们继续“八股致谢”。
毕业论文致谢模板
在社会的各个领域，大家对论文都再熟悉不过了吧，通过论文写作可以培养我们的科学研究能力。一篇什么样的论文才能称为优秀论文呢？下面是我收集整理的毕业论文致谢模板，欢迎大家分享。
毕业设计是对我们知识运用能力的一次全面的考核，也是对我们进行科学研究基本功的训练，培养我们综合运用所学知识独立地分析问题和解决问题的能力，为以后撰写专业学术论文和工作打下良好的基础。 本次设计能够顺利完成，首先我要感谢我的母校——XXXX大学，是她为我们提供了学习知识的土壤，使我们在这里茁壮成长；其次我要感谢XXXXXX学院的老师们，他们不仅教会我们专业方面的知识，而且教会我们做人做事的道理；尤其要感谢在本次设计中给与我大力支持和帮助的XX老师，每有问题，X老师总是耐心的解答，使我能够充满热情的投入到毕业设计中去，X老师的严谨的治学态度，细致的研究精神和敬业精神对我以后的生活工作和学习将产生积极的影响，再次向X老师表示感谢；还要感谢我的师姐XXX，是她认真在我的毕业设计中进行了认真的指导，使我少走弯路。还要感谢我的同学们，他们热心的帮助，使我感到了来自兄弟姐妹的情谊；最后还要感谢相关资料的编著者和给予我们支持的社会各界人士，感谢您们为我们提供一个良好的环境，使本次设计圆满完成。
两年半的时间里，我的导师李世其教授在各方面给予了我精心的指导和无微不至的关怀。本论文的全部工作也是在李世其教授的精心指导下完成的，值此论文完成之际，谨向李老师致以深深的敬意和衷心的感谢。
在课题的研究当中，经常能够得到王峻峰老师认真细致的指导，正是王老师提出的许多宝贵的意见，让我在课题的研究方面得到了很大的启发，在此表示深深的谢意。同时要感谢实验室的朱文革老师、尹文生老师、王以治老师和付艳老师都给了我精心指导和热心的鼓励。
另外，感谢方建新同学在课题研究过程中给予我的无私帮助，也正是和他在课题中的探讨使我在研究中得到很大的启发。特别要感谢和我同级的程勇、张尚炜、周赟、黄明，赵迪和夏文俊同学，他们在几年的硕士生活中给予我个人很多帮助和真诚的鼓励。
感谢实验室的张楚贤、宋少云、王锐、李明富、杨立熙、刘洋、彭涛等博士，感谢 03级硕士生段学燕、罗瑜林、肖树立、王雁、王亚幂和鲁玉良，05 级硕士生何智威、曾华、李靖宇、谢涛、首中华、张飞、徐迟和孙新远，他们在学习和生活中都给予了我诸多帮助。
感谢我的母亲和两个弟弟，正是他们在生活上给予了我无微不至的照顾，经历每一个选择时都给予了我极大的支持，使我能够克服各样的困难，投入更多的精力于学习和工作中。
最后，向所有关心帮助我的师长、前辈、朋友和同学致以诚挚的谢意，正是由于他们的帮助和鼓励，我才能克服重重困难，不断进步。
致谢词
本论文是在温老师的悉心指导下完成的。老师渊博的专业知识，严谨的治学态度，精益求精的工作作风，诲人不倦的高尚师德，严以律己、宽以待人的崇高风范，朴实无华、平易近人的人格魅力对我影响深远。不仅是我树立了远大的学术目标、掌握了基本的研究方法，还使我明白了许多待人接物与人处事的道路。本论文从选题到完成，每一步都是在温老师的指导下完成了，倾注了老师大量的心血。在此，谨向温老师表示崇高的敬意和衷心的感谢!
致谢词
本人的学位论文是在我的导师温老师的亲切关怀和悉心指导下完成的。他严肃的科学态度，严谨的治学精神，精益求精的工作作风，深深地感染和激励着我。从课题的选择到项目的最终完成，温老师都始终给予我细心的指导和不懈的支持。在此谨向温老师致以诚挚的谢意和崇高的敬意。
在此，我还要感谢在一起愉快的度过大学生活的每个可爱的同学们和尊敬的老师们，正是由于你们的帮助和支持，我才能克服一个一个的困难和疑惑，直至本文的顺利完成。
在论文即将完成之际，我的心情无法平静，从开始进入课题到论文的顺利完成，有多少可敬的师长、同学、朋友给了我无言的帮助，在这里请接受我诚挚的谢意!谢谢你们!
蓦然回首才发觉四年的大学生涯行将结束，回想着这几年的点点滴滴，从刚入学时对学术的懵懂，到对会计学著作的疯狂阅读，再到现今的顺利毕业，浙江工商大学给我了太多太多。是她给了我更宽阔的视野，也是她让我对知识有了更为强烈的渴望，在浙商大财务与会计学院学习的这四年时间里，不管是在知识的厚度还是在知识领域的拓宽上面相比以前，都有了很大的提升。
在学业即将圆满之际，首先我要感谢我的导师于桂娥老师。于老师知识广博、学术作风严谨、为人和善。本文从选题、开题、撰写、审稿、修改到定稿，每个环节都倾注了老师的心血。于老师严谨的学术态度让我受益匪浅，感激之余，我也头自身的诸多不足感到惭愧。同时，于老师在学业和生活上对我的关心和要求，更是对我未来努力完善自己的一种鞭策。在此，向于老师表达我最诚挚的谢意，能作为您的弟子，我觉得无比的荣幸与感激。
同时感谢马文超老师对我的悉心指导，在论文写作过程中，马老师提供的宝贵意见弥补了我论文的诸多不足。也感谢过去四年里，引导我走会计这个学科大门，教导过我的各位专业老师。
感谢陪伴我在浙江工商大学度过了充实美好的学生生活的朋友们，感谢你们对我生活、学业上的鼓励和帮助，四年同窗的情谊必将铭记在心。最后，感谢一直支持我的父母和家人，你们的包容和关爱，一直是我前行的动力r即将离开母校，去向远方，在未来未知的生涯中我会牢记浙商大的教诲，坚守浙商大“诚、毅、勤、朴”的校训，以自己之所学，展人生之风采。
在那里，还要个性感谢大学四年学习期间给我诸多教诲和帮忙的学院的各位老师，感谢书记老师老师老师，你们给予我的指导和教诲我将永远记在心里!
感谢在大学四年学习期间给我传授诸多专业知识的教研室的各位老师，感谢老师老师老师老师老师给予我的指导和帮忙!
感谢和我一齐生活四年的室友，是你们让我们的寝室充满快乐与温馨，君子和而不同，我们正是如此!愿我们以后的人生都能够充实、多彩与快乐!
感谢我的同学们，谢谢你们给予我的帮忙!
回首本人的求学生涯，父母的支持是本人最大的动力。父母不仅仅在经济上承受了巨大的负担，在心里上更有思子之情的煎熬与望子成龙的期盼。忆往昔，每次回到家时父母的欣喜之情，每次离家时父母的依依不舍之眼神，电话和信件中的殷殷期盼和思念之语，皆使本人刻苦铭心，目前除了学习成绩尚可外无以为报，期望以后的学习、工作和生活能使父母宽慰。
首先我要非常感谢我的导师xxx老师，我想说能够做您的学生是我一生中最大的幸事。虽然当初在选导师时我们未曾谋面，仅单凭感觉我就在您的名字前面画上了匀，如今回想起来，这大概是我做的最正确选择了，没有之一。在您的悉心指导下，我最终确定了我毕业论文的研究选题.,这个选题不仅能够将导师两门课上所传授的专业知识运用进论文，而且基于兴趣导向的研究，也会达到事半功倍的效果。就这样，选题在课上就这么愉快地定下来了。
接着就是不断调整论文大纲和理清论文逻辑思路的过程，导师不断强调说必须分析出什么原因才是我论文最终的落脚点，我必须要在论文最后将这个问题解释清楚，这样研究才显得深入而有意义。而事实上。，我当时的知识结构还不足以做到能将这一问题解释清楚，所以一度非常困惑而无从下手。每当这时，您总是会利用各种可能的契机来提点我，在校园里每次的偶遇，您都会与我交流一下论文的'进展情况，告诉我您近期对论文的一些新想法供我借鉴，同时还会给我推荐一些可用的参考书目。您不仅教会了我们该如何开始进入论文的写作过程，还督促我们制定论文完成进度表，同时要求我们定期交论文的一章初稿给您，您再认真评阅并给出修改意见。最终这篇论文得以顺利完成，导师您功不可没。
感谢对我论文的写作提供大力支持和帮助的每一个人，尤其是要感谢那些接受过我问卷调查的同学们们，正是有了你们坦诚而愉快地分享，才使我的论文变得更加丰满和有血有肉，谢谢你们！
感谢我最爱的爸爸妈妈，你们永远都是我醉坚强的后盾，总是无条件的关心、支持和鼓励着我顺利走完了近二十年的求学生涯。我很欣慰有你们一直陪伴在我的左右，与我分享着一切的喜怒哀乐，你们总说我替你们争了光，可我想说，没有你们就没有现在的我，谢谢你们总是带给我满满的正能量！
完成这篇论文的时候已经是春暖花开的三月。再一次地感叹“时间太瘦，指缝太宽”.学习生涯马上就要画上一个充实而圆满的句点，而三年前求学、入校的点滴，似乎还历历在目。这段时日，是“路漫漫其修远兮，吾欲上下而求索”的三年；是我增长阅历，挫折与荣誉并在的三年；更是我一步步褪去青涩，走向成熟的三年……新媒体一直是我所关注的一个研究领域，“生产型受众”概念的提出将媒介使用的自主权和选择权真正交还给了受众。在这个羊受众为上帝的时代，任何媒体，尤其是新兴的媒体形式，只有以受众的需求作为出发点和落脚点，才能获得长足的发展。笔者从受众角度对微博客的媒介使用研究，限于自身的能力和条件，在某些地方或许还略显粗浅。比如，在进行受众调查问卷发放时，不能够做到完全的等概率抽样调查；选取的样本由于条件和资金所限都集中为我国微博受众，不知在世界范围内是否具有参照性；另外，由于网络的一些不可控因素，我接触到的受调查者可能是一些较为活跃的微博客受众，不能对于非活跃受众进行广泛的接触；上述因素或多或少都会对问卷结果造成一定的影响。但是，我已尽力将这些负面影响控制在最小范围内。我在受众媒介使用方面所作的数据调查和统计分析，应该算是一次具有首创意义的有益探索。希望这篇文章能够对研究微博客今后发展具有一定启示和贡献。
此时此刻的丽娃河畔，波光粼粼，独立桥头，思绪万千。人生亦扰如一道奔流不息的长河，三年中的点点往昔，在流经时就注定会留下或深或浅的印记。
在这里，首先要感谢我的恩师xxx教授，作为一代文学大家，赛楠有幸成为您的关门弟子。感谢您给予我充分自由和宽松的学术空间，您的宽厚仁和，爽朗和坦诚，严谨的学风都让我受益匪浅。赛楠对您敬如师长，亲如长辈。感谢传播学院的xxx老师，感谢您对我的关怀和照顾，对我论文的选题和开题提出的真诚而宝贵的建议和意见；感谢我的父母，二十余载，是你们的尊尊教侮和双默奉献，指引着我前进的方向，让我健康快乐的成长，自由自在的求学。感谢我的挚友：xxx、xxx、xxx、xxx,是你们的温暖拥抱和全力支持让我面对困难，无畏无惧，始终保持着阳光的心态和温暖的笑容。
流转四季，共此时光，且行且珍惜。
时光飞逝，在华东师范大学的学习生涯随着论文的完成即将结束，回首一路走过的足迹，不禁感慨良多。
首先要感谢我论文的指导老师xxx教授，在论文的写作过程中，老师在繁忙的教学工作中抽出休息时间来审阅我的论文，提出了极具价值的意见和建议，使我的论文得以顺利完成。老师渊博的知识、严谨的学风、和蔼的态度，深深的影响着我。
感谢我的家人，正是你们的支持和包容，为我创造了良好的环境和坚强的后盾，如此，我才能全神贯注的投入到论文的写作过程中。
感谢每一位同学，大家为了共同的理想汇集到了一起，一起学习，一起讨论，同窗的岁月里我们相互帮助，共同提高。同窗的友谊让我倍感珍惜，希望在往后的日子里，友谊日久弥新。
最后，感谢评审我的论文的各位老师和学者，你们提出的宝贵意见让我思路大开，受益匪浅。
本论文最终得以顺利完成，非常感谢我的指导教师....教授。从论文选题直到论文的最终完成，她都给予我尽心尽力的指导。....教授严谨的治学态度深深的影响着我，对我今后的学习、工作、生活必将产生影响。借此机会，特向...教授表示最诚挚的感谢。
感谢.......学院的所有领导和老师
他们严谨的学风、渊博的知识、诲人不倦的品格一直感染和激励着我不断上进，使我大学四年的时光充实而有意义
本设计在###老师的悉心指导和严格要求下业已完成，从课题选择、方案论证到具体设计和调试，无不凝聚着#老师的心血和汗水，在四年的本科学习和生活期间，也始终感受着导师的精心指导和无私的关怀，我受益匪浅。在此向###老师表示深深的感谢和崇高的敬意。
我要衷心地感谢导师教授两年来在学习和生活中给予的谆谆教诲和悉心的关怀。在论文的选题、研究以及撰写过程中，自始至终得到了导师的精心指导和热情帮助，其中无不凝聚着导师的心血和汗水。导师严谨求实和一丝不苟的学风、扎实勤勉和孜孜不倦的工作态度时刻激励着我努力学习，并将鞭策我在未来的工作中锐意进取、奋发努力。导师的指导将使我终生受益。
不积跬步何以至千里，本设计能够顺利的完成，也归功于各位任课老师的认真负责，使我能够很好的掌握和运用专业知识，并在设计中得以体现。正是有了他们的悉心帮助和支持，才使我的毕业论文工作顺利完成，在此向####大学，###系的全体老师表示由衷的谢意。感谢他们四年来的辛勤栽培。
致谢
在此毕业论文完成之际，我首先要感谢我的论文指导老师，他是一位认真负责，热情的老师，在整个毕业论文的撰写过程中，他都对我进行了认真的指导和详细的修改，从他的身上我也学到了很多，比如说严谨认真、一丝不苟的工作作风。我将永远记住他曾经给予过我的教导，我要向指导老师表达我内心最崇高的敬意和最衷心的感谢!
同时我还要感谢所有代课老师和辅导员，在我大学四年的学习和生活过程中，这些老师给予了我很多的教导和很大的帮助，从他们身上我学到了很多做人的道理，将使我受益终生。
感谢我的家人和好友，他们的关爱和支持永远是我前进的最大动力，在任何时候，他们都给予我最大的鼓励和支持，我感谢他们!
最后，向审阅我论文和参加答辩的老师们表示衷心的感谢，感谢你们抽出宝贵的时候参加我的论文答辩会，感谢你们对论文不当之处提出的宝贵意见和建议。
在____所学习和生活的两年，我犹如冬天里的一粒种子，理解着阳光瑞雪的恩泽，等待春天里的含苞，夏天里的绽放或是秋天里的收获。在学习上，所内授课教师教授了我们丰富的专业课知识，教务处教师给予我们学习备考上诸多的便利;在生活上，所内为我们供给了安全舒适的生活环境，后勤教师对我们予以悉心照料，并且各位同学在我需要帮忙的时候毫不犹豫地伸出友谊之手，对于以上种种，我发自内心的表示感激。
毕业论文的写作过程是对我专业知识学习分析本事的综合考察。经过将近4个月的时间，在我的导师李明教师的指导之下，我完成了这篇论文的撰写。真诚的感激李明教师，感激他在我的论文选材以及写作过程中耐心的指导和帮忙。
研究生毕业是我学校生活的结束，但并不是我学习知识的终点。以后的工作中，我会牢记我的导师以及所内其他教师的教诲，时刻坚持学习的热情，及时了解学习新的会计准则以及会计改革的方向等，不辜负各位教师的期望。
最终，再次真诚地感激尊敬的导师，亲爱的家人，和真挚的同窗们。祝福母校孕育出更多的人才，祝福教师，家人和同窗们一切顺利!
关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作计算机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题分析，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。（参见《汉语主题词表》和《世界汉语主题词表》）。 1 引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。2论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：<1>.提出问题-论点；<2>.分析问题-论据和论证；<3>.解决问题-论证方法与步骤；d<4>结论。 一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在研究和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）英文：作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是：（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。
论文初稿写作：
1、选题
选题找指导老师。一般老师都会给几个不同方向的题目让你选，这个时候你别跟着自己的感觉随便选一个，请教下老师这个题目难不难，做的时候需要什么技能，容不容易做出来等等。
2、确定论文框架
选完题之后，把拿到的题目输入到知网里面，这个时候会出来一系列和你选题类似的文章，甚至题目都完全一样的文章。注意检索的时候选博硕，不要选学术期刊、会议、报纸等形式的文章。可以来借鉴一下别人的框架和思路。
3、开始写作
写作主要来源于参考文献、百度、CSDN博客、简书和知乎。以及自己的实验数据或者设计成果等。
毕业论文初稿注意事项：
初稿的重要性可想而知，在撰写时一定要掌握技巧和注意事项。首先，初稿的字数往往多于定稿，因为需要广泛搜集材料，保障论据充足，论证得当。
其次，严格按照书写要求，逻辑清晰，论证合理，论点、论据和论证都要充分，根据论点对细节增删改调。最后，想清楚再下笔，避免冗余和表达不清，想罗列要点，然后填充内容认真审读语法、观点和文字，不出现错别字等低级错误。
论文格式一般由：“1. 封面2.中文摘要3.英文摘要4.中文目录5. 英文目录6.毕业论文主体7. 附录8. 参考文献9. 致谢”九大板块组成，建议你去论文网站下几篇成品论文看看，希望能帮到你……
基本上初稿格式为：摘要-引言-研究背景-自己的研究内容-正文-结果-致谢-参考文献。摘要主要写自己的研究目的、研究意义、主要研究内容和最后的研究效果。引言部分重点阐述该主题的研究背景等内容，正文根据专业不同写法也不一样，建议的百度下：普刊学术中心，有很多关于论文写作方面的资料，一定要自己多学习多总结多提炼，写毕业论文才能一帆风顺