高中语文教学的重点之一就是议论文写作教学,并且议论文写作已运用到英语之中。以下是我为大家整理的关于100词议论文式英语作文,给大家作为参考,欢迎阅读!
100词议论文式英语作文篇1
Happinemeans different things to different people. For example, some students believe that if they have much money or a large number of possessions, they will be happy. They believe that they will be able to do anything they want to if they have money.
Some students think that they should be in good health, and enjoy whatever they like. Many students wish to have much wealth from their parents. In this way they don’t have to work hard, and they can have everything. I don’t agree with the above points. We can’t buy many important things with money, such as health, happineand knowledge.
I value knowledge, which makes me happy, for I can do much for mankind with knowledge. Although different people value happinedifferently, my “wealth” of happineis in my study.
100词议论文式英语作文篇2
Today when people talk about Red Cross Organization, they shake their heads and don’t trust this organization. People react for it originated from about four years ago, at that time, a girl showed off her luxury in the public media, she told people that her father was a member of the Red Cross Organization.
More and more people knew her, they thought they were cheated by the organization, the money they donated was not used in the right way. The incident has a great negative influence on the Red Cross Organization, people don’t trust it any more, they are not willing to donate their money.
As for me, I will not donate money to the organization, I choose to give money to the person who is in need of help, so the money won’t be taken by others, make sure the person get the real money.
100词议论文式英语作文篇3
When we asks parents for money and for other things, we are so naturally to do it and without thinking too much. If our parents refuse, we will be angry.
But the fact is that they don’t owe us, instead, we owes them and most of us don’t know the meaning of gratitude. Don’t take everything from our parents as a necessary.
100词议论文式英语作文篇4
When I do well in the exam, I will show my paper to my parents, they are so happy to see me do well in the exam. I want to be happy all the time. But I have put so much pressure on myself.
One day, my parents tell me that they don’t care how I do well in the exam, they just want me to be happy. I know I should relax myself and be happy.
100词议论文式英语作文篇5
In my eye, my father is so adorable, because he can give me advices and help me to make the best decision. My father experienced a lot. When he graduated from college, his first job was to work in the office, then he found life was boring to sit in the office all the day, so he decided to quit and then started his trip to many places.
My father had been traveled to many places, he opened his vision and then went back home to find another job he liked. When he met my mother, he thought it was time to settle down. I was so interested in his life experience, I couldn’t help thinking what if I go with him. I must will meet many new persons and then see the beautiful scenery.
I want to live as my father, when the time comes, I will travel too.
在日常的学习、工作、生活中,大家都尝试过写作文吧,作文是人们以书面形式表情达意的言语活动。一篇什么样的作文才能称之为优秀作文呢?下面是我为大家整理的话题英语作文10篇,欢迎阅读,希望大家能够喜欢。
do you know how we can keep a healthy lifestyle? now let me tell you. we should de exercise every day. for example, we can run in the morning and play ping-pong in the evening. we should eat healthy food every day. we try to eat a lot of vegetables and fruits. and we shouldn’t eat too much junk food, because it is not good for our health. at night, we can drink some milk.
but we shouldn’t drink coffee. we should get up early and sleep early. and we shouldn’t watch tv and surf the internet for too long time. we should sleep nine hours every night.
a good healthy lifestyle helps us get good grades. good food and exercise help us to study better.
i have a healthy body, because i have a healthy lifestyle. i exercise every day, usually when i come home from school. my eating habits are pretty good. i try to eat a lot of vegetables. i eat fruit and drink milk every day.
but i never drink coffee, because my mom says, it is too bad for my health. i love junk food, too. but i eat it only once a week. i sleep nine hours every night. good food and good rest can help me to study better! and my healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades!
考研英语作文因其所占分值比重大,一直受到同学们的重视,而作文B部分考什么也成为小伙伴们关心的话题。老师今天将和大家一起来探讨下。
1.近十年考研英语作文话题分析
在分析了近十年的作文考题后,文都老师发现:20xx-2014年的大作文是惊人的相似,怎么说?这些年考的都是图画作文,体裁都是议论文,字数为160-200字,分值为20分。其中,20xx年的养老足球赛、20xx年偶像崇拜的思考和20xx年乐观心态是成功的关键,及20xx年合作的重要性,这四年英语作文的题材都是青年面对社会该如何做的相关话题。20xx年的乐观和20xx年的选择也是如此。20xx年网络的近与远和20xx年文化火锅既营养,又美味中的文化不仅指网络文化,也指我国东西方文化交融的现象。20xx年的旅程之余,则是人们多年来一直关心的`环境问题,尤其是全球气温回升、自然灾害频发后,这一问题更是得到前所未有的重视。20xx年的相携则是讲述我们都很熟悉的两代关系。
但文都老师要提醒小伙伴们注意的是:当年的热门话题并不一定是当年考研的重点。比如:20xx年的雪灾,很多地区都深受其害,许多百姓流离失所,我们的国家也高度重视,积极进行救助,但这并不是20xx年作文考试的话题。又如20xx年,这一年发生了令人刻骨铭心的汶川地震,无数人在此次地震中家园尽毁,甚至失去宝贵的生命,现场惨不忍睹。国家积极组织救援,并在灾后开展重建工作,全国各地也有无数的自愿者积极参与救助,帮助灾区人民重建家园。但这也不是20xx年考研的话题。如此类推,20xx年有两大重要的、且和我们息息相关的事情,它们成为20xx考研英语作文话题的可能性也不太大。第一,高校职业化。即学术型人才的培养都将由211、985学校承担,而地方性二本及二本以下的院校都将转做职业化教育,这是今后高校人才培养模式变革的方向。第二,严格高考加分政策,取消奥数等的加分,这将有利于建设一个更平等的竞争平台,更有利于促进社会公平。
2.考研英语作文常考话题总结
总的来说,考研英语作文有六大常考话题:⑴健康,如1997,1998年的大作文;⑵两代关系,一共考过3次,即1992,1993,20xx;⑶爱心,1995,20xx和20xx年的小作文;⑷环境,如1999,20xx和20xx年的小作文)⑸青年面对社会,即20xx,2004,20xx,2008;⑹文化,1993,20xx,2009,20xx。也就是说,考研英语作文的话题是人们普遍关注,并具有永恒价值的当代中国社会问题。且考当年热点的可能性不大,都是次热门或中性的话题。
老师相信,如果小伙伴们能够抓住常考话题的本质,认真学习已经考过的范文,并进行融会贯通,灵活运用,作文对你们来说并非难事。因为这些题之前你都学过,都做过,都考过!那么。在考研英语中夺得高分也将会变得易如反掌!
初中生是否可以使用手机呢?
At present, telephones are becoming more and more popular in the middle school. Whether students can take telephone to school, different people have different opinions about this question.
Some people think it's good for students, because it's more convenient for them to contact to others. Our parents can get to us quickly when they need. However, some other people do not agree with them. They think the students who use the telephone will play games, watch movies, send messages and so on, even during the class, which will do harm to them. In my opinion, bring phone to school is not a bad idea, if we use it properly. To some extend, it would be good for our study. If we take it to school, we must sure that we won’t use it during the class.
目前,在中学学校电话正变得越来越流行。无论学生还是老师都可以带手机去学校,对于这个问题,不同的人有不同的意见。
有些人认为这是为学生好,因为它更方便他们联系到其他人。我们的父母我们很快可以得到他们需要的时候。但是,其他一些人不同意。他们认为,学生使用电话的人玩游戏,看电影,发送邮件等,甚至在课堂上,这会害了他们。在我看来,带手机上学是个不错的主意,如果我们正确使用它。在某种程度上,这将有利于我们的研究。如果我们把它带到学校,我们必须确保我们不会用它在课堂上。
The English speech contest is always the focus in every university. It is not only a kind of heated competition to select a few students with the best English fluency , but a festival for English learners to get together and learn from each other.
As a contestant,I think one should be confident and full of hope. Although there must be many competent candidates,you are one of them. Most of the time self-assurance will help you a lot to get to the very end of the game. Another important point one should bear in mind is that speech contest is a unique form of speaking. It involves many special techniques , such as advocating,stressing certain words,and make some gestures. After learning the article by heart,one should do more practice in performing,that is to say,in how to deliver the speech. Last but not least, one should have proper attitude towards the final results. You should not emphasize too much on the ranking. It will only exist for the time being. As long as you have learned something through the contest, it's not a waste of time, and you will be quite clear about the direction for your future efforts.
To sum up,English speech contest is a kind of beneficial activity, which deserves the active participation of every college student.
Last weekend our school had a school camping activities.
I joined in the activities with my close classmate who's name is Tom. We arrived the destination at 10:00 A.M. The leader told us " Now you can find a place where you want and put your stuffs on the ground. " Tom and I collected the leaves of maple and spruce there are many different colors and are beautiful. We saw the other students were watching the ants that are moving the food the ants are line up walking like army troop it's very funny.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Reserving a Seat. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline below:
1)很多大学里占座现象十分普遍
2)这种现象会带来哪些影响
3)你对此的看法
Reserving a Seat
We often see there is a table cloth, a book or something else on the desk in the classroom or library, indicating the seat is taken. This kind of phenomenon is very usual in almost all colleges and universities. Strangely enough, most of students seem to take this for granted, and few will protest it.
Though most of students taking seats in advance is for better study, this kind of phenomenon has great negative effects. On the one hand, it is a selfish behavior, which damages other students interests. Sometimes even if many students come to the classroom very early, they can not find a seat. On the other hand, reserving a seat violates the rule of fairness. No matter how late you come to class, the seat is still reserved for you even though many others are eager for that seat.
Considering the above-mentioned, I think, it is high time that we college students took a good look of our behavior. Indeed, only if all of us can improve our consciousness, it is not a difficult task for us to get rid of this kind of phenomenon reserving a seat.
This picture is simple but significant. As is vividly shown in the picture, wearing traditional Chinese costume, a foreigner is saying “Happy New Year” to a Chinese girl in Chinese, even though his pronunciation is not accurate enough. There is no doubt that the picture implies that a growing number of foreigners are starting to be interested in Chinese culture in this day and age.
Why should this phenomenon take placeThere are generally three factors accounting for it. First of all, due to the fast economic and social development, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. Accordingly, international cultural exchange is becoming increasingly frequent. Besides, learning traditional Chinese culture, which is priceless spiritual treasure, can give those foreign friends a new perspective of the outside world. Last but not least, this kind of cultural exchange is beneficial for both our Chinese and foreign friends to broaden our horizons, widen our knowledge, and eich our experience.
From what has been discussed above, we may come to a conclusion that our traditional culture is popular among the whole world and should be preserved and cherished. Therefore, the mass media, such as television, radio and Internet should try best to propaganda and advocate it. As for ourselves, we should cultivate the awareness of learning national culture. Only in this way can we have opportunities to expect a more vigorous and prosperous world to come.
Relax Yourself
What does it mean to relax?Despite hearing this term thousands of times during the course of our lives, very few people have deeply considered what it's really about.
When you ask people (which I have done many times) what it means to relax, most will answer in a way that suggests that relaxing is something you plan to do later you do it on vacation, in a hammock, when you retire, or when you get everything else done. This implies, of course, that most other times should be spent nervous, agitated, rushed, and frenzied. Very few actually come out and say so, but this is the obvious implication.Could this explain why so many of us operate as if life were one great big emergency?
It is useful to think of relaxation as a quality of heart that you can access on a regular basis rather than something reserved for some later time. You can relax now. It's helpful t remember that relaxed people can still be superachievers and, in fact, that relaxation and creativity go hand in hand.When I'm feeling uptight, for example, I don't even try to write. But when I feel relaxed, my writing flows quickly and easily.
As is shown above, in the middle of the cartoon stands + 主题词,which symbolizes + 主题词的另一种表达,+ 同位语即主题词第三种表达 + 表示主题词动作的非谓语动词。
例如:in the middle of the cartoon stands a hot pot,which symbolizes culture,the one containing many Chinese culture symbol. The drawer's intention seems to be highly self-evident and the meaning causes us to be thought-provoking.
It is therefore safe to draw the conclusion that + 主题词 + is momentous and fundamental to the mind what food is vital and significant to the body.
Not only I, but also the best philosophers and poets also praise that this concept should be a permanent universal values. Obviously, I can think of no better reasons for the phenomenon other than the following two.
Initially, the millennia-long run of + 主题词 + left us with a lot of traditions that are extremely profoundly rooted. 加拓展句:主题词 is a kind of emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark around us becomes.
比如:爱心/自信/亲情/团结/坚持/诚信/友谊/乐观的态度/是一种情感的力量,无论我们周围有多么的黑暗,它都能支持我们。
Additionally, our government's effective measures and policies are playing a significant role in the realization of such a situation(加拓展句:without 主题句,the heart would break.上面的主题词都可以套进去,比如:没有爱心,心灵将会枯竭。)
Just as an old Arab proverb has it, there is a growing tendency for the public in the west to think the significance of + 主题词.
From what has been discussed above, the most important thing is not to say, but instead to do. Chinese citizens are expected to enhance their awareness that it is an indispensable part for the construction of harmonious society. Only in this way, can we /our country/ the individual have a glorious future.
I think healthy habits are very important for us.All of us want to be healthy. First, we should get enough sleep during the night. We can go to bed early and get up early. Staying up late is bad for our health. Second, we must have the right kinds of food. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat. We should drink a lot of water. We should have healthy eating habits. Third, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies.Finally, we should wash hands before meals and brush our teeth twice a day. If we don’t feel well, we should go to see the doctor at once.
你如果是主要考虑到就业问题,你可以考国家外交部。 考上外交部比你考上任何一所大学都会有前景。 你的研究生是国际关系方向,这个专业属于政治方面的,市场对于它并不敏感,也就是你当前以国际关系的研究生在市场上找工作,效果肯定是比不上以市场营销专业的本科生找工作。 至于你以后读博士,如果还是读国际关系或者政治方面的研究方向。你要么在大学里教书,要么在政府机关里工作。 因为市场上是不需要你这种人的(哈哈,一句冷幽默)。 而如果你博士再换方向,比如说语言经济之类的,你的简历上会说明你本科一个专业,研究生一个方向,博士又是另外一个专业。很容易质疑你的科研水平到底如何的。 并且你的英语不是特别优秀。 因此换位思考,如果我是你,我会把英语突击好,考国家外交部。利用国家外交部这个平台:无论是你的就业还是你的见识都会得到很好的双赢。
研究生发表论文的级别具体分为A类论文、B类论文、C类论文:
一、A类论文包括:
1、SCIE检索的期刊论文:科学引文索引(网络版)(Science Citation Index Expanded)。
2、EI(核心版)检索的期刊论文:工程索引(核心版)(Engineering Index Compendex)。
3、SSCI检索的论文:社会科学引文索引(网络版)(Social Science Citation Index)。
4、A&HCI检索的论文: 艺术与人文科学引文索引 (Arts & Humanities Citation Index)。
5、《新华文摘》和《中国社会科学文摘》转载论文,《人大复印资料》收录的论文。
6、校定A类中文期刊上发表的论文。
二、B类论文包括:
1、EI(网络版)(Ei Compendex Web)中非EI(核心版)检索的期刊论文,SCIE检索的会议论文,EI检索的会议论文。
2、ISSHP检索的论文:人文社会科学国际会议论文集索引(Index to Social Sciences & Humanities Proceedings)。
3、在中国社会科学引文索引CSSCI(China Social Science Citation Index)中的期刊上发表的论文。
三、C类论文包括:
1、除了A类、B类以外,在北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》中发表的论文。
2、在国外英文期刊上发表的学术论文。
3、公开出版发行的国际会议论文。
4、公开出版发行的全国一级学会会议论文。
5、在中国科学院的科技论文数据库CSCD(Chinese Science Citation Database)中的期刊上发表的论文。
6、在中国管理科学研究院科学引文数据库SCD(Science Citation Database)中的期刊上发表的论文。
7、ISTP检索的论文:科学与技术国际会议论文集索引(Index to Scientific Technical Proceedings)。
扩展资料:
1、CSCD来源期刊目录以中国科学文献服务系统公布的目录为准。
2、CSSCI来源期刊目录以中国社会科学研究评价中心公布的目录为准。
3、国内全国一级学会以中国科学技术协会公布的理科、工科、农科、医科、交叉学科的全国学会目录为准。
4、北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》以最新版为准。
5、发表外国语言研究方面的学术论文不限于英文期刊。
6、“公开出版发行的国际会议论文”包括有出版号的国际会议论文集。
7、“公开出版发行的全国一级学会会议论文” 包括有出版号的全国一级学会会议论文集、北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》期刊增刊收录的会议论文。
参考资料来源:上海出版印刷高等专科学校-关于下发学校校定国内外期刊源及论文分类的通知
上课,有的学校是三年制,有的是两年制。反正最后一年留出来做论文,前几年就是上课,但是课程也不多。 不过研究生要毕业的话,有发表论文的要求,有的学校要求是一篇。
银行啊 会计算机就行吧 到时候被人带着学学就行 都是走业务的 额 您是银行哪方面啊 进去了什么都好说。。。
假如是是工科研究生,如果老师专案比较多,大部分时间都是给老师做科研专案。通过不断的总结和锻炼,以此来提高自己的科研水平,不过其中的过程非常艰辛,不仅要求面对和解决科研工作中的难题,同时还必须适应导师的性格和做事方式,毕竟每个导师都有不同的脾气和性格。总体来说,不同的导师带的研究生,做的事情是不一样的;同一个导师带的研究生们,做的事情也有可能会不一样。
当然是对所学的知识更深一层次的了解和掌握,特别是专业部分,具体为: (1)建立合理的知识结构:尽量广地涉猎学科基本知识,尽量深地了解所研究领域的方方面面、过去和现在。 (2)掌握独立研究的方法和技能:尽量多地学习各种研究方法,熟练掌握研究过程和步骤。 (3)学会写论文:写论文不仅是训练表达能力,更是训练思维的逻辑性,论文体例虽是八股,但却是整理思路、与他人沟通的有效结构,不可不尊重。
不要听楼上胡说。 研究生阶段比本科生阶段还要自由,但是这种自由的目的是让你自己规划自己未来,所以有的同学混混而过,而有的同学确惜时如金。 一般研一阶段主要学习基础课程,包括专业课和英语和政治(这两重压在学生身上的大山!),在此期间你应注意学会发表论文(不管什么手段)和跟导师好好沟通。 研二阶段主要帮导师做专案,分一些钱,其间可能比较闲,闲时就要靠自己了,制定一些针对未来求职的计划也不错。 研三阶段就是毕业论文和找工作了。 研究生期间考GRE,考TOFEL,多找一些证明自己能力的考试来试试,多找一些公司来实习。
分为基础英语和高阶英语 ◆ 课程属性 一、基础英语:基础英语为必修课,将分为听说、读译、写作三种课型进行课堂分级教学,除此之外, 每周还将安排适当线上辅导(具体安排参见课表)。 二、高阶英语:高阶英语为必修选修课,即:学生可以根据自身需求、兴趣所在及英语水平从提供的7门选修课中任选一门 ◆ 评价与免修机制 一、基础英语考试将采取分类、分次通过的方式,考核学生的英语水平。即:考试将分为听说(满分40分,24分通过,听力部分通过后需加试口试)、读译(满分80分,48分通过)和写作(满分30分,18分通过)三部分。入学时的分班考试即为首次基础英语考试。考生如果达到合格分数则被视为提前通过。提前通过者将免修该基础课程部分,然后根据自身条件选择一门合适的高阶英语必修选修课(限选一门/人)。
二、高阶英语评价方法由各门课程的授课教师自定(请参阅必修选修课课程描述)。 ◆ 基础英语课程描述
听说课程描述 一、课程描述:本课程是为全校非英语专业硕士生开设的英语必修课,旨在提高学生的英语听说能力。使其能有效地运用英语进行日常对话及日后与国外同行进行学术交流。良好的英语听说能力将为他们的专业发展提供可能。课程将兼顾学生听说两种能力的培养。本课程将采取课堂教学与自主学习相结合的教学模式。 二、教材:以《博学英语听说教程》为主(第五、六册,杨凤珍主编,复旦大学出版社);以《朗文英语听说教程》等教材为辅。 三、评价方法: 听力总成绩=笔试 + 平时成绩 笔试(40分): 题型为:A. 多项选择(对话)9分;B. 多项选择(短文)6分;C. 听写填空15分(业绩考试);D. 实景英语15分。 口试(10分): 随堂或单独组织。
读译课程描述
一、课程描述:本课程为英语必修课,以帮助学生提高学术英语阅读能力为目的。着重提高学生的语篇理解能力和在语境中认知词汇的能力与翻译能力。此外,本课程将是学生了解西方文化、现代思潮的视窗。课程将采取课堂教学与课外自主学习相结合的教学模式。 二、教材:《英语新思维:研究生英语读译教程》,毛大威主编,南开大学出版社。 三、评价方法: 读译总成绩=笔试 + 平时成绩 笔试(80分),题型为:A. 阅读理解(5-6篇文章,多项选择题)30分;B. 完型填空10分;C. 英译汉20分;D. 汉译英20分。
写作课程描述 一、课程描述: 本课程是为全校非英语专业研究生所开设的必修课程,旨在全面系统地了解并掌握英语文章写作谋篇布局的规律,为日后的深造(攻读博士学位、出国留学期间写papers),在专业方面与外国同行进行交流(向国际会议投稿)或就业(工作需要)等做准备。与此同时,还有助于提高“托福”考试中综合写作(Integrated Writing)、独立写作(Independent Writing)以及“雅思”考试写作Task Two中议论文的成绩。本课特色:杜绝模板,鼓励创新;讲练结合,以练为主。 注:课程时间为一个学年,实行单、双周上课制。 二、教材: 自编教材。 三、评价方法: 总成绩 = 期末考试成绩 + 平时成绩 笔试(30分,命题作文)。 ◆ 高阶英语课程描述
国际会议与学术交流英语(必修选修课) 授课教师:毛大威 教授 一、课程建设目标: 帮助学生了解,熟悉国际会议与学术交流的相关知识、语言环境与交际技能。学生将运用所学英语练习包括会议往来书信、论文讲稿撰写、宣读等相应的交际技能。 二、课程描述: 本课程为一学期的实践课。学习期间,学生了解熟悉有关国际会议与学术交流的一般知识、会议流程、论文宣读等环节;熟悉和实践这些环节中英语的特点和运用。 知识点: 1. 国际会议的基础知识 2. 会前准备工作 3. 会议的组织 4. 会议论文的准备 5. 论文宣讲稿的准备 6. 论文宣讲 7. 会议问答 8. 会后相关工作 三、教学方式: 教师讲授与学生参与相结合。学生将通过撰写模拟小型国际会议论文宣讲稿,完成课堂作业并通过自己组织一次小型模拟会议来熟悉实践国际会议与学术交流活动的相关流程与技能。 四、教材名称:国际会议交流英语 胡庚申主编 高等教育出版社 五、评价方法: 总成绩=模拟论文宣讲稿40% + 小型模拟会议相关组织工作30%。(以团队为单位)+随堂作业30% 修读条件:已通过听力考试的同学方可选择此课程(限选30人)。 英语交际口语 一、课程描述: 本课程旨在提高学生英语口语交际能力,为日后的升学、求职、工作、晋升以及对外交流等做准备。此外,对准备参加“托福”口语考试及“雅思”口语考试的考生也有帮助。为了给每位学生创造开口说英语的机会,课堂口语活动形式多种多样,有两人对练、多人合练、游戏、角色扮演、即兴对话等。所提供的口语话题数量可观且覆盖面广。 二、教材: 《大学英语交际口语教程》(A Course-book of College English for Oral Communication),李争鸣主编,中国人民大学出版社,2008年3月出版。校园内巨集途书店有售。 三、评价方法: 口试。总成绩 = 平时成绩占50%(含出勤和课堂参与)+ 期末口试成绩占50%。
修读条件:能进行一般的口语交流,思想活跃,乐于交谈,但对自己的发音、用词或流利程度等方面不够满意,渴望继续提高者。每班限选30人。
西方文化英语影视视听说(必修选修课) 授课教师:杨凤珍 副教授 一、课程建设目标: 本课程将融语言和文化为一体,以西方文化专题片、英语电影为载体为学生构建一个轻松、多彩的学习、运用英语语言的平台;开启“暸望”西方文化的多视角视窗。其终极目标是使学生在学习英语语言的同时,开阔文化视野,了解西方国家的文化,为今后进行国际学术交流打下良好的基础。 二、课程内容: 根据硕士生的实际英语认知水平,课程将把西方文化欣赏与英语听说能力的提升相结合,达到一举两得、事半功倍之效果。具体课程内容如下: 1、文化专题赏析。该模组由两部分组成:1)国际著名广播公司制作的视听节目;2)相关背景文化知识的文字介绍及根据视听内容设计的各种练习。初步安排如下:英国文化(3次);法国文化(2次);希腊罗马文化(2次);德国和奥地利文化(2次);美国文化(3次);加拿大文化(1次);南美文化(1 次);澳大利亚文化(2次)。实际教学中的时间视情况略作调整。文化专题部分为课程的主打内容。 2、英语电影欣赏。该部分由两个任务构成1)电影欣赏;2)读后感的撰写。 三、教学方法: 以课堂教学为主,自主学习为辅。教师将引领学生对碟片内容学习、理解、内化。教学采用互动式,包括师生之间、学生之间的互动。此外,自主学习也是学好本课程不可或缺的组成部分。通过本课程的教学,学生将体会真实生活场景中的英语,加深对英语和西方文化的感性认识。 四、教材: 《英语西方文化影视教程》。该教材由北师大外文学院的徐汝舟教授主编,即将由北京师范大学出版社出版。 五、评价方法: 总成绩=平时成绩50%+期末成绩50% 笔试(闭卷)。
修读条件:选修本课程的学生需提前通过听力单项考试。每班限选30人。
英语国家文化概况(必修选修课) 授课教师:马磊 副教授 一、课程建设目标: 本课程主要介绍英语国家文化概况,鼓励学生阅读英语原著以期达到提高学生对原文的理解力、口语表达能力的目的。此外,还注重提高学生的人文素养。在介绍英语国家文化概况的基础上还向学生介绍如何利用北京师范大学图书馆进行相关领域的文献检索。还将邀请有海外留学经历的人士与学生交流。 二、课程内容: 根据非英语专业学生的特点和需求,把文化欣赏和异域生活实践介绍相结合,课程不但包含中外文化差异比较,同时也包括口语技能的训练,强调知识的实用性。课程将介绍英国、澳大利亚、美国和加拿大等国家的文化概况。 三、教学方式: 课堂教学。教师讲授与学生参与相结合。通过在课堂中的师生互动和学习者之间的互动为非英语专业语言学习者提供用英语表达自己思想的平台。 四、教材:自选教材 五、评价方法: 总成绩=出席10%+课堂参与讨论20%+小组口头报告30%+期末纸介报告50%。
修读条件:已通过读译考试的同学方可选择此课程(限选30人)。
英语实用口语交流(必修选修课) 授课教师:苏健 讲师 一、课程描述: 本课程以提高学生口语表达能力为目的,以期经过系统有效的训练,提高学习者使用英语交流的能力。本课程采用多种形式的口语练习方式,为学习者进行交流提供一个有效平台。 二、教材:自选教材 三、评价方法: 总成绩 = 平时成绩50%(含出勤和课堂参与)+ 期末口试50%
修读条件:凡有一定的口语表达基础、善于交谈并希望进一步提高英语口语表达水平者均可选修本课程。
三一口语(必修选修课) 授课教师:江素侠 副教授 一、课程建设目标: 本课程以基础口语训练为起点,按照北京教育考试院引进的英国伦敦三一学院英语口语等级(GESE)考试的模式进行课程设计,使学习的内容、考试的要求及评价标准都达到与国际接轨。目的在于提高学生口语表达能力,从而在真实的交际中能够进行较长时间的、逻辑性较强的、流利的发言,以满足学生在今后的工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行资讯交流的需求。 二、课程内容: 1. 口语技能训练; 2. 等级口语训练; 3. 影视角色模仿秀。 三、教学方式: 以教师-学生,学生-学生,学生-教师互动的方式给学习者提供一个使用流利的英语充分表达自己的思想以及展现个人魅力的平台。 四、教材:自选教材 五、评价方式: 总成绩=50%(课堂参与)+ 50%(期末口试)
修读条件:限选30人。
英语文学经典作品赏析(必修选修课) 授课教师:郭乙瑶 副教授 一、课程建设目标: 从提升学生对文字的理解和赏析两个方面入手,达到提高学生理解力和语言水平以及人文素养的目的。课程使用材料将选择文学史上的经典之作,为他们提供感受经典、瞻仰大家风范的机会,以期激发学生对阅读文学作品的兴趣。在学习语言的同时重温历史、触控文化,提高自身的文化素养。 二、课程内容: 根据非英语专业学生的特点和需求,把文学欣赏和语言教学充分结合,课程不但包含文学类赏析内容,同时也包括语言技能的训练,同时还包括必要的文学史的介绍,以拓展学生的知识面。课程将包括以下内容: 1. 小说阅读与赏析 2. 电影文学赏析 3. 诗歌阅读与赏析 4. 文学理论篇章阅读 三、教学方式: 课堂教学。教师讲授与学生参与相结合。通过在课堂中的师生互动和学习者之间的互动为非英语专业语言学习者提供用英语表达自己思想的平台。 四、教材:自选教材 五、评价方法: 笔试(开卷)。总成绩=课堂参与50%+期末50%。
修读条件:已通过读译考试的同学方可选择此课程(限选30人)。
◆ 网路辅助学习 一、课程描述:由研究生教研室建设的《北师大研究生课后学习网》是课堂教学的延续,网上丰富的栏目将为研究生提供以学术英语为主的多种辅助学习资料,对学生进行读译、听说、写作等相关技能的辅导。学生还可通过论坛栏目与教师交流。学生课后可根据自己的水平和需要利用网上教师为他们精选的材料继续进行自主学习。 部分网上栏目: 精品教材 英美经典文选 高阶阅读指导 文献阅读 翻译技巧指南 听力技巧指导 学术讲座 新闻报道 影视精选 口语训练 写作指南 论文写作 写作错误分析 国际交往礼仪 国际会议知识 国外大学申请 中外文化差异
要求六级过568以上,或者考研英语70分以上,或者雅思托福过了一定的分数线 这些每个学校的要求都是不一样的,你可以去你所要考的学校贴吧了解一下,有的学校是六级过了多少分以后,可以免修,但是不免考,就是不用去上课,但是要参加考试,如果考研英语过了70就可以免修和免考了。如果考研英语过了70,有的学校还会向更高的层次培养你。比如出国什么的。
本科毕业生考研(大学院)都是走[研究生]不是语言学校的。 我blog里面有简单的介绍,希望[错错优胜]也能来看一下。 1.在各个大学主页能找到导师的论文和联络方式, 如果您不想让中介给您随便塞一个导师的话; 导师的选择只能靠你自己。 2.只要你能学好日语,学会日本人的工作方式,无论在什么地方都能就职。3.理工科学生找工作都最少需要日语1级,如果您大学期间打工过多。 日语和工作方式都没学会的话,找到工作几乎是不可能的。 3.两个3......好像在哪儿见过 只要你不读语言学校,不再关东关西上学。 一般国立学校的学生都可以半工半读(合法范围内打工)。 不用家里寄钱。打工的种类和收入介绍在我的blog里面也有介绍。 欢迎有空来看看。(点我的名字)
你可以读上海外国语大学英语语言文学硕士研究生课程进修班,学完后以同等学力身份申请硕士学位。
是可以报考的。通常情况下,英语专业八级的考试都是由所在学校的教务处考试中心或者外国语学院负责组织报考的。
Class Meeting is important form of class activities, main channel and effective means of class education and the main front of moral education in schools.With the coming of internet time, people's values, world view, moral philosophy, attitudes to life and way of life are changed enormously. Educators must self-adjusting with the times and actively adapt to the network environment, the pace of new developments and requirements. At present, There are some not compatible with the network environment issues in primary and secondary class meetings. So schools must stands on the high degree of development to overall coordinate and remodel the function of class meeting and organize special training, improve class teacher professionalism, carry out research on class meeting, come up with improvement policy to increase relevance and timeliness of education and educate adolescent with modern ideological and moral quality.This article uses literature, case studies, questionnaire surveys and comparative analysis to research. At first, it analyzes the effect of internet environment on class meeting and makes overall grasp of main features, the main function of the type commonly used, theoretical basis and principles of organization in class meeting under the effect of internet environment. Then this article makes research on the current situation of class meeting and makes an conclusion that class meeting has problems of vague educational goals, subject content is removed from students practice, less creative on design, low student participation, Emotional interaction not in place, etc. At last, this article comes up with four policies of improving class meeting, that is, specific class meeting goals to improve ideological and moral system of students under the network environment; comply with characteristics of the network environment to break through the bottleneck of class meeting; carry out specific school-based training to improve the quality of class meeting; create a good atmosphere to improve the status of class meeting.看看能不能帮上你 呵呵 我自己翻译的 见笑了
英语文学是英语专业学生的一门重要的课程,对于英语学生的自身能力的提升具有十分重要的意义。下面是我为大家整理的英语文学方向毕业论文,供大家参考。
摘要:教师在教学中从多方面注重学生英语文学素养的培养,同时大学生也要积极进行英语文学素养的培养,不断提升自身的英语文学素养,促进自身的全面发展。
关键词:英语文学;大学生
一、大学生英语文学素养培养的现状
大学生的英语文学素养的培养非常重要,然而在大学的英语教学中教师对于学生文学素养的重视不够,并且学生自身没有较强的意识注重文学素养的培养。大学的英语教学,尤其是非英语专业的英语教学,主要是大学英语课程的教学,在教学中对于学生的文学素养培养没有足够的重视。第一,大学英语的教学主要以学生语言技巧为主,以英语词汇、知识点、语法等为主要讲授内容,教师很少讲授到英美文学的知识,也较少布置有关文学阅读的任务,对于大学生的英语文学素养培养非常不利。第二,英语四级、六级考试,作为国家级考试对于学生的学习要求也主要为英语语言自身的应用,但是对于英语文学方面没有很多的要求,影响着全国大学生的英语学习。从学生角度来说,大学生尤其是非英语专业的学生对于英语兴趣不高,很少学生去阅读英语文学的相关资料,或者有兴趣但是英语能力不足,慢慢失去了对于英语文学的喜爱
二、大学生英语文学素养培养的策略
针对大学生英语文学素养的现状,我们必须注重大学生英语文学素养的培养,从多方面提高大学生的英语文学素养,促进大学生的全面发展。
第一,英语课堂上教师注意培养学生对于英语文学的兴趣。大学的英语课,多是大学英语的课程,很多非英语专业学生英语基础较差,对英语不感兴趣,对于英语文学的兴趣就更小。为了提高大学生的英语文学素养,在英语课堂上教师可以注意学生文学的兴趣培养。在讲授教学内容时,继续增强学生对英语语言的喜爱,恰当地为学生介绍文学作品,联系更多的文学信息,将教学内容与英美的文学知识结合在一起,引起学生对英语文学的兴趣。
第二,教学内容多介绍英语文学的相关知识,带领学生学会文学赏析、评论等。大学英语教学的主要内容都是大学英语课程的内容,教师讲授教学内容时比较偏重与英语语言的应用,对于文学作品的分析、文学作品的赏析进行地很少。为了培养学生的英语文学素养,教师可以讲课时注意突出与教学内容相关的文学知识,在为学生讲解知识点的同时带领学生去学习如何赏析文学作品,对于文学作品进行分析评论,为学生推荐适合的文学作品,让学生从文学作品中获得更多的知识,也获得更多的关于世界、人生的思考。
第三,课上教师采取灵活多样的教学方法来进行英语文学的熏陶。在英语教学过程中,教师采取丰富多彩的教学方式和手段来引导学生对英语文学的兴趣,提升学生对文学的敏感度,促进学生的文学积累。一方面,教师可以将文学学习与电影结合起来。很多的文学作品,尤其是经典的文学作品都被后人拍成电影或者电视,而电影、电视是学生容易接受的方式,而且对于学生来说更具吸引力,在电影中学生对于文学作品有所了解,对于英语语言的应用也更清晰。另一方面,教师应该充分利用网络资源,引导学生接触更多的英语文学知识和作品。在当今时代,接触文学不仅靠书籍,还可以更好地利用网络资源。在信息飞速的时代,教师可以积极引导学生利用网络进行文学阅读和文学思考。
第四,布置课下文学的延伸任务,定期检验学生的完成情况。在英语教学过程中,教师要布置恰当的文学阅读任务和文学赏析作业。根据教学内容,向学生推荐英语文学作品,要求学生完成文学作品的相关任务,鼓励学生在进行文学阅读和赏析的任务过程中,进行思考分析,获得更多的知识和思考。对于布置的文学任务,可以定期进行检查,通过写阅读反思、影评等来检验学生对于文学作业的完成情况。
第五,学生自身要转变观念,变被动培养为主动提高。大学生为了就业,更多的人都选择学习实用性强的课程,对于短期内实用效果较小的文学学习却很忽略。要提高大学生的英语文学素养,学生首先要从思想上转变以前的观念,意识到文学学习和提高文学素养对于自身发展的重要性,重视自身英语文学素养的培养。其次在课堂上和课下主动进行文学作品的阅读和学习,配合教师的文学学习的教学,积极完成教师布置的文学相关作业将文学素养的培养当成一项长期的活动。教师在教学中从多方面注重学生英语文学素养的培养,同时大学生也要积极进行英语文学素养的培养,不断提升自身的英语文学素养,促进自身的全面发展。
参考文献
1、基于思维过程的高中英语文学阅读思维型课堂教学架构兰春寿课程.教材.教法2015-12-01期刊1
2、 英语专业体裁文本依托文学课程体系改革效果分析景婧外语界2015-08-25期刊
摘要:总之,动词汉译英的过程就是由“动态”向“静态”转化、由展开型句法结构向浓缩型句法结构转化的过程,也体现了由汉民族思维方式向英民族思维方式转化的过程。
关键词:英语文学;研究生
一、汉语的“动态”与英语的“静态”
动词是表示人或事物动作、行为、发展、变化的词,是最复杂、最活跃的一种词类。英、汉两种语言对动词的概括意义是一样的,但动词的数量及使用频率与方式却并不一样。从总体修辞效果来看,英语呈“静态”,汉语呈“动态”,亦即,英语有一种少用(谓语)动词而用其他手段;而汉语则有一种多用动词的固有习惯。英语每个句子中只能使用一个限定式动词(并列谓语除外);而汉语中却存在着“连动式”和“兼语式”,如“他到了火车站发现火车已经开走了”,及紧缩句,如“我们下雨也去”。英语的限定动词只能做谓语,而汉语中的动词(包括动宾词组、主谓词组等)不仅做谓语,也可做主语,如“理论联系实际是我们党的优良传统”,宾语,如“鲁迅主张打落水狗”,定语,如“讨论的问题很重要”,状语,如“一定要批判地继承我国的文学艺术遗产”和补语,如“小溪旁那些女人们听得笑起来了”。汉语是一种离不开动词的语言,除了部分句子(即名词谓语句如“今天星期六”和形容词谓语句如“他这几天心情很好”)以外,大量的句子都不止使用一个动词,有的句子几乎全句都是动词,如“打得赢就打,打不赢就走,不怕没办法”。汉语的动词还可以重叠和组合构成新的动词,如“走走”、“商量商量”、“看一看”、“打打闹闹”,而英语的动词却不能。另外汉语中为数不多的介词,也大都是从古代汉语动词演变而来的,有些还具备动词的一般特点,称为“半动词”,“副动词”,“汉语中的绝大多数的‘介词’,应该划归动词的范畴,只是入句时,表现了相当于英语介词的作用”,如“他在家”中的“在”为动词,而“他在家看书”中的“在”则为介词。
二、“动态”与“静态”的思维根源
汉语“动态”与英语“静态”之差异,其深层原因在于汉、英民族思维方式的差异:即汉民族重形象思维、重悟性,而西方人重抽象思维、重理性。汉文化的重要特征之一是“尚象”,汉民族习惯于“观物取像”,即取万物之象,加工成为象征意义的符号来反映、认识客观事物的规律,形成了偏重形象,即偏重具体的思维方式;西方文化的重要特征之一是“尚思”,注重逻辑与形式论证,形成了以概念、判断和推理为思维形式,偏重抽象的思维方式。这种思维形式的不同在语言上表现为:英语语言常常使用大量的涵义概括、指称笼统的抽象名词来表达复杂的理性概念,因而显得“虚”和“静”;而汉语则习惯于形象语言,用形象的方法来表达抽象的事物,动词的形象性即满足了中文的需求,由于大量地使用动词,汉语言因而显得“实”和“动”。另外,汉民族相比于西方人更倾向于注重悟性,汉语由意念贯通,行文造句不需要严格的语法规则来规范,词的用法也非常灵活,动词的使用即非常灵活。汉语的动词由于没有形态变化的约束,使用起来十分自由、灵活,可以充当句子的各种成分,也可以连用形成连动式和兼语式,还可以重叠和组合构成新的动词,动词的大量使用使汉语的表达呈现“动态”的倾向。与之相反,西方人更注重理性,注重形式论证,在语言上表现为形态的外漏和形式上的完整,因此行文造句需要严格的语法规则来规范。英语句子有严谨的主谓结构,一个句子结构通常只使用一个谓语动词,大量本应该用动词表达的概念,只能用非谓语动词来表达,或借助于动词以外的词类,主要是由动词派生而来的名词,有时还要借助于介词、副词及由动词转化而来的形容词,这样便产生了动词的虚化和弱化,使得英语的表达呈现“静态”的倾向。
三、汉译英中动词的处理
鉴于学生动态英译文的问题,从“动态”与“静态”这一修辞差异入手来探讨汉译英中汉语动词(不包括判断动词和能愿动词)的处理,应是汉译英教学中的非常重要的一讲。
(一)单动词汉语句子中动词的处理
“英语的静态修辞的实质是名词优势和介词优势,而介词优势又是名词优势的必然结果。因为名词与名词之间要借助介词来联结”。英语倾向于用名词(词组)来表达汉语用动词所表达的概念,即动作、行为、状态等,尤其在科技、法律、政治等正式文体中更是如此。这不仅使英语句子简洁紧凑,也避免了将人牵涉进来,从而使语句意义更加含蓄、间接,符合英民族表达习惯,因而句子优美。因此,在有些情况下,汉语动词并不是译成英语动词,而是要遵循英语的这一修辞特点,进行必要的词性转换,即动词向名词和介词的转化(如a和b),有时也转化成副词和形容词(如c和d)等,使译文符合英语的句法规律,因而更加地道、更显文采。a.他很贪嘴。Heisagreedyeater.b.这不符合我们党的政策.ThisisnotinkeepingwithourParty’spolicies.c.桌布铺上了吗?Istheclothon?d.他怀疑我的动机。Heissuspiciousofmyintentions.
(二)多动词汉语句子中动词的处理
汉语注重“动态”描写,一个句子中往往会涌现大量的动词,但并不会引起句子的臃肿和混乱.汉语的动词可以作句子的不同成分;一个句子中可以连用两个或更多的动词作谓语,有时一个句子中会集结异常大量的动词,按照各动作实际上的时间顺序或逻辑上的因果次序,将事件一一如实说出,甚至尽量省略关系词以达到动词集中、动词突出的效果。因此在将汉语句中充当主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补的动词译成英语时,有的可以省译,有的要进行词性转换或译成非限定动词;在将汉语的连动式结构译成英文时,首先要确定一个主要动词,作为谓语动词,与主语形成SV主干,构成全句中心,其他动词有的可以省译,有的作为次要动词进行词性转换或译成非限定动词、独立主格结构,打破汉语的时间或事理顺序,运用英语所富有的各种关系词或关系手段,适当地将它们嫁接到句子的中心主干上,形成空间立体布局,使句子语义层次分明。当然,在将连动式结构译成英文时,若有两个或以上动词都该是英译文中的谓语动词,则应将其译成并列谓语。但译文谓语动词如果铺排过多,就会显得很累赘,语义层次很不分明,带有浓厚的汉语色彩,这时,应首先采取断句处理。
总之,动词汉译英的过程就是由“动态”向“静态”转化、由展开型句法结构向浓缩型句法结构转化的过程,也体现了由汉民族思维方式向英民族思维方式转化的过程。这个过程完成得好,译文就符合英语语言的规范,这个过程完成得不好,译文就会汉化,妨碍了原文内容的确切表达。我们的学生动辄用动词写英语句子,而且多是小短句或简单的复合句,带有浓厚的汉语气息,主要是受汉语“动态”修辞的影响。因此在汉译英教学中,我们一定要引导学生用英语的“静态”修辞进行思维,克服汉语“动态”修辞的影响,为汉译英实践打下良好的基础。
参考文献
1、加拿大英语文学在中国的译介(1949—2009)——兼论社会文化对文学翻译的制约朱振武; 綦亮上海大学学报(社会科学版)
为了在不久的将来,成为一名会英语的研究生,我们从现在就开始看英语作文积累词汇。下面是我给大家整理的研究生英语作文范文,供大家参阅!
Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic sense we share it with all the primates and almost all the other mammals and birds: it may extend back as far as the reptiles.
There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on the life-style of the animal, and that predators are statistically much more likely to dream than prey, which are in turn much more likely to experience dreamless sleep. In dream sleep, the animal is powerfully immobilized and remarkably unresponsive to external stimuli.
Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we have all witnessed cats or dogs cocking their ears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare among prey today seems clearly to be a product of natural selection, and it makes sense that today, when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleep than the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of such deep immobilization ever have evolved? Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep very little. There is, by and large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rather than increasing an animal's vulnerability, the function of sleep is to decrease it? Wilse Webb of the University of Florida and Ray Meddis of London University have suggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals who are too stupid to be quiet on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobilized by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularly clear for the young of predatory animals. This is an interesting notion and probably at least partly true.
全文翻译:
睡眠的进化
睡眠是古老的。 从脑电图上看,我们人类和所有灵长目动物以及几乎所有的哺乳动物 和鸟类都一样需要睡眠;甚至爬行类动物也有睡眠。 有证据显示,有梦睡眠和无梦睡眠这两种类型的睡眠取决于该动物的生活方式。 从统计上看,食肉动物比被捕食动物有更多的 有梦睡眠,而被捕食动物更多地无梦睡眠。
动物在有梦睡眠时,被有效地解除动作能力, 并且对外界刺激缺乏反应。 无梦睡眠则要浅得多。 我们都看到过猫和狗在显然的酣睡中, 有一点响动耳朵就会竖起来。 被捕食动物很少有深度的有梦睡眠,这看来显然是自然选择 的结果。
而且这一点是有道理的:当睡眠高度进化以后,愚笨的动物比聪明的动物更少在 深度睡眠状态下丧失动作能力。
但是动物为什么要进入深度睡眠呢?为什么这样的无动作状 态也会进化出来呢? 海豚、鲸鱼以及水生哺乳动物睡眠都极少,这一事实可以给睡眠的根本 功能提供有用的线索。 海洋中是没有藏身之处的。 会不会是这样,睡眠不但不增加动物受 伤害的可能性,反而是减少了这种可能性呢?佛罗里达大学的 Wilse Webb 和伦敦大学的 Ray Meddis 认为情况就是如此。 可以想像得出,在危险的时刻,那些由于太愚笨而不能自动保 持安静的动物,会不由自主地变得动弹不得。 这一点在食肉动物的幼兽身上表现得特别明 显。 这是一个很有意思的看法,它至少部分是正确的。
The ways of history are so intricate and the motivations of human actions so complex that it is always hazardous to attempt to represent events covering a number of years, a multiplicity of persons, and distant localities as the expression of one intellectual or social movement; yet the historical process which culminated in the ascent of Thomas Jefferson to the presidency can be regarded as the outstanding example not only of the birth of a new way of life but of nationalism as a new way of life. The American Revolution represents the link between the seventeenth century, in which modern England became conscious of itself, and the awakening of modern Europe at the end of the eighteenth century. It may seem strange that the march of history should have had to cross the Atlantic Ocean, but only in the North American colonies could a struggle for civic liberty lead also to the foundation of a new nation.
Here, in the popular rising against a "tyrannical" government, the fruits were more than the securing of a freer constitution. They included the growth of a nation born in liberty by the will of the people, not from the roots of common descent, a geographic entity, or the ambitions of king or dynasty. With the American nation, for the first time, a nation was born,
not in the dim past of history but before the eyes of the whole world.
全文翻译:美国革命的历史意义
历史的进程是如此错综复杂,人类行为的动机是如此令人费解,以至于想把那些时间跨度大,涉及人数多,空间范围广的事件描述成为一个智者或一场社会运动的表现的企图是危 险的。 然而以托马斯·杰弗逊登上总统宝座为高潮的那一段历史过程可以被视为一个特殊 的例子。
在这段历史时期里不仅诞生了新的生活方式,而且民族主义成为了一种新的生活 方式。 美国独立战争成为联结 17 世纪现代英格兰的自我意识和 18 世纪末现代欧洲的觉醒 的纽带。 历史的行程需要跨越大西洋,这看起来似乎有些奇怪,但却只有在北美殖民地为 民权和自由的斗争才能导致新国家的建立。
这里,反对"暴政"的民众起义的成果不仅是获 得一个包含更多自由的宪法,还包括了一个依照人民的意愿诞生在自由中的国家的成长。这 个国家不是基于血缘、地理、君主或王朝的野心。 由于有了美国,第一次一个国家的诞生不是发生在历史模糊的过去,而是在全世界人们的眼前。
People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy-- one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment.
Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped -- or, as the case might be, bumped into -- concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one.
Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers - the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table - is itself far from innate.
全文翻译:儿童的数学能力
人似乎生来就会计算。 孩子们使用数字的技能发展得如此之早和如此必然,很容易让 人想象有一个内在的精确而成熟的数字钟在指导他们的成长。
孩子们在学会走路和说话后 不久,就能以令人惊叹的准确布置桌子--五把椅子前面分别摆上一把刀、一个汤匙、一把叉子。 很快地,他们就能知道他们已在桌面上摆放了五把刀、五个汤匙、五把叉子。 没有多 久,他们就又能知道这些东西加起来总共是 15 把银餐具。
如此这般地掌握了加法之后,他 们又转向减法。 有一种设想几乎顺理成章,那就是,即使一个孩子一出生就被隔绝到荒岛上,七年后返回世间,也能直接上小学二年级的数学课,而不会碰到任何智力调整方面的大 麻烦。当然,事实并没有这么简单。
本世纪认知心理学家的工作已经揭示了智力发展所依 赖的日常学习的微妙形式。 他们观察到孩子们缓慢掌握那些成年人认为理所当然的概念的 过程,或者是孩子们偶然遇到这些概念的过程。 他们也观察到孩子们拒绝承认某些常识的 情况。 比如: 孩子们拒绝承认当水从短而粗的瓶中倒入细而长的瓶子中时,水的数量没有 变化。 心理学家们而后又展示一个例子, 即:让孩子们数一堆铅笔时,他们能顺利地报出 蓝铅笔或红铅笔的数目,但却需诱导才能报出总的数目。 此类研究表明:数学基础是经过 逐渐努力后掌握的。
他们还表示抽象的数字概念,如可表示任何一类物品并且是在做比摆 桌子有更高数学要求的任何事时都必备的一、二、三意识,远远不是天生就具备的。
研究生毕业论文最好还是找专业的翻译公司,杭州思盾翻译真诚为你服务
英语议论文写作是英语专业学习者学习中很重要的一项技能,恰当运用评价资源能增强作者表达对事件的态度和立场,开启话题,可以感染和说服读者。以下是我为大家整理的关于英语议论文范文,给大家作为参考,欢迎阅读!
英语议论文范文篇1
My opinion on copying others' homework
It is konwn to us all that some students copy others' homework,their reasons are as below:first of all,the homework is too much and always difficult;the second,they are not intrested in the lessons;and the third,the aim of finishing their homework is to please the teacher.
In my opinion,copying others' homework is not good,because it's against the rules of the school.We should be honest and work hard to get high scores.If we have difficulties,we can even ask the teacher or our classmates for their help.
英语议论文范文篇2
Now it is common that students copy homework from their classmates. I think it is a terrible thing . Because homework is their own task and the check for what they learn in class.
If they copy others' homework , the teachers won't get the fact so they can't help the students to improve. Besides ,if the students can't finish their homework, they can't get the chance to go over their lessons so they can't make progress. So don't copy others' homework.
英语议论文范文篇3
In the picture we can see that a man is fishing attentively by the lake.Behind him there is a scholar who is stealing the fish in the man’s bucket.It is obvious that the drawer of the picture tries to reveal a serious problemin the academic circle of our country — plagiarism. In recent years academiccheats have become rampant. Quite a lot of graduate students and scholars“use” others’ ideas, articles and papers without acknowledging the sourceof information.
They copy them without the fear that they might be caught.For a long time we paid less attention to the problem of plagiarism, butnow we are increasingly aware of its negative effects. Plagiarists’misconduct simply mean “stealing” others’ intellectual and academicaccomplishments, which not only depreciates their own humanity but contaminatesthe climate of the academic circle. Academic falsification is like an epidemicdisease that spreads fast and will destroy the healthy development of academicstudies. What’s worse, these plagiarists have set a very disreputable exampleto the younger generation.
So what attitude should we hold towards it? From my point of view, weshould resolutely battle against this ill phenomenon. Education of moralityshould be strengthened among the scholars and students. Those who steal others’academic achievements should be given severe punishment whenever they arespotted. If necessary, we can resort to the law to protect the interest of theoriginal writer and inventor. We must recognize that fighting againstplagiarism requires our persistent efforts.
翻译
在画中我们可以看到一位男子正在专心地在湖边钓鱼,在他身后有一位学者模样的人正从钓鱼人的鱼桶中偷鱼。显然,作这幅画的人是想揭示我国学术界的一个严重的问题—— 剽窃。近年来学术欺诈盛行,有不少研究生、学者“利用”别人的想法、文章和论文而不注明信息来源。
他们抄袭他人作品,不怕被抓。对剽窃问题很长时间以来我们关注甚少,现在我们越来越多地意识到它的负面影响。剽窃行为其实就是“偷”他人的知识和学术成就。剽窃不仅贬低人格,而且污染学术风气,它会像传染病那样迅速蔓延,破坏学术研究的健康发展。更糟的是,这些剽窃者给年轻的一代树立了坏榜样。
整理英文论文常用方法及举例:
1. 常用的论证方法
(1) 归纳法:从分析典型,即分析个别事物入手,找出事物的共同特点,然后得出结论。
(2) 推理法:从一般原理出发,对个别事物进行论证、分析,然后得出结论。
(3) 对照法:把正反两方面相互对照,然后加以分析。
(4) 驳论法:先列出错误观点,然后逐条加以批驳,最后阐明自己的观点。
议论文的主要表达方式是议论,但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写的手法,这些都是为议论的开展创造条件,为论点提供根据的。因此叙述要概括,描写要简洁。
高中英语议论文大多有具体要点的限定,在写作过程中要注意逻辑严密,结构清晰。
2. 写作过程中的注意事项
(1) 写好主题句
主题句必须明确、突出,必须能高度概括所在段落的论据,它的关键词应该在每一个论据中都有重复或适当体现。好的主题句有助于下文的展开论述。所以那种简单、片面的描述或说明的句子是不能够充当主题句的。
(2) 论述要围绕中心
论述要围绕展开,论据要围绕主题句来进行罗列,行文才合逻辑。
(3) 结构清晰
议论文的写作有其约定俗成的议论模式,即从“主题句—论述—结论”去营造文章的基本结构
小作文,考研英语小作文多是辞职信、道歉信、感谢信等应用文体。它的形式是给出提示要点,要求考生根据要求表达清楚要点。尽管它并不需要华丽的词藻和吸引阅卷人眼 球的文采。但是,它还是需要考生在平时的复习中点滴积累,适当训练。
然后是大作文,从选题范围上看,大作文大都是目前人们最为关注的问题,反映了当前社会的热门话题或可以用热门话题来透视的哲理性问题。
通过对近些年的真 题分析,从文体上看,可以划分为说明文和议论文,因为考这类体裁的写作比较符合形势发展的实际需要,在学习、工作和生活中,人们所书写的材料大多也是说明文或议论文。
注意事项:
考研英语写作内容简单,考生可从图表内容较容易读懂图表反映出的社会现象,因此考生写作时不用担心出现跑题现象和追求立意新颖,只要考生能够将图表中反映出的内容描述出来即可,由此看来内容不是考生关注的重点。
如果考生在考试时想拿到较高分数,则应内容描述出来的同时,还应关注自己的书面表达,换句话说,书面表达是拉开考生分数的关键。
提纲式作文 1. 对立观点式 A.有人认为X 是好事,赞成X, 为什么? B. 有人认为X 是坏事, 反对X,为什么? C.我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 2. 批驳观点式 A.一个错误观点。 B. 我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 3. 社会问题(现象)式 A.一个社会问题或者现象。 B. 产生的原因 C.对社会和我们生活的影响 D. 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话) E. 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated(表达) in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..