英语标题歧义句研究论文

开题报告，老师一般会给模板，还要看你题目是什么。这是我的开题报告，你参考一下吧。课题名称An Analysis of the Different Cultural Connotations of Color Words between English and Chinese试析颜色词的中英文化内涵差异课题来源Self-Selected and Approved by the Tutor一、课题背景及意义 （课题的立题依据及研究意义）Research Background:A language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the people’s attitudes, beliefs, and world outlooks etc. People of different cultures structure the world around them differently, at least in the language they use to describe that world. Languages differ enormously from one another, and these differences are related to important differences in the customs and behaviors and other aspects of the cultures in which those language reside. In a word, language is a mirror of culture.When we learn a new word we tend to look for its meaning in the word itself. Yet in addition to its dictionary meanings, the same word may stir up different associations in people, because of cultural differences. In our daily life, color words are the common illustrations of the cultural differences in language use. In Chinese and English cultures, color words are in the same way influenced by cultures, and used widely in people’s daily life.Research Significance:As the differences between Eastern and Western cultures led to the understanding of the color words are not the same . Color words contain a lot of deep meaning, implies a different ethnic feelings. If we do not take into account the impact of cultural differences, we are difficult to understand the implicit meaning of color words. The significance of this thesis is to enable a better understanding of color words, in order to enhance communication skills, avoid conflict of cultures.二、课题研究现状及发展趋势 （课题研究领域的发展现状及可能的发展方向）Research Status:Study of color words has long attracted linguists’ attention. The bright lights of the objective world and for humankind as a whole are the same, but the national language or in different books of different ages or different geographical dialects often be found to have different understanding about color words. This concentrated and fully prove that language is the result of human cognition to understand and express the objective world, different groups of people in cognitive understanding and expression of the world, due to the different natural environment, social life, cultural traditions. Study of color words in different languages between the similarities and differences. The same object can look at how the differences in cognitive terms showing similarities and differences between how the social and cultural differences and further expansion of the semantic differences, which for the cognitive linguistics, comparative linguistics and culture, linguistics, and on second language teaching of applied linguistics has an important significance..Research Tendency:21st century’s color words study should stress the originality on research based on the achievements of the previous scholars, domestic or abroad. The study should keep track of the latest development of color words, making breakthrough, upgrading the research quality.三、研究内容及研究目标 （对研究的内容进行说明，并阐明要达到的目标）Research Contents:A. Cultural Connotations of Black and Reflections in Idioms1．Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms1.1 Black Is Associated With the Solemn and the Dignified1.2 Black Is Associated With Profit1.3 Black Is Associated With the Black People2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms2.1 Black Is Associated With the Death2.2 Black Is Associated With the Evil and Unfortunate2.3 Black Is Associated With the Shame and Disgraceful2.4 Black Is Associated With AngerB. Cultural Connotations of White and Reflections in Idioms1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms1.1 White Is Associated With the Pure and Lucky1.2 White Is Associated With Integrity and Honesty2. Negative Connotations and Reflections in Idioms2.1 White Is Associated With Death and Poor2.2 White Is Associated With Worthless and TimidC. Cultural Connotations of Red and Reflections in Idioms1. Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms1.1 Red Is Associated With Honor and Love2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms2.1 Red is Associated with the Obscenity2.2 Red Is Associated With Revolution and Socialism.2.3 Red Is Associated With Danger and LossD. Cultural Connotations of Yellow and Reflections in Idioms1．Positive Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms1.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Noble1.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Joy and Missing2. Negative Connotations and Their Reflections in Idioms2.1 Yellow Is Associated With the Vulgar and Exaggerative2.2 Yellow Is Associated With the Coward and DiseaseResearch Objectives:I write this thesis in order to make English learners have a better understanding of the cultural meaning of color words and enhance communication skills, avoid conflict in Western culture.四、预计的研究难点 （课题研究过程中可能遇到的理论难题或技术难点）With the changing society, people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view, how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem; how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem. As the color words in real life, the widely used, it is difficult in a paper summarizing, so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult. Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data, especially the books or articles written by the native scholars; (2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related.五、创新点 （选题、观点、理论、材料、方法等创新点）The English language is developing constantly, keeping absorbing more color words. What is new in my thesis is that I try to focus my study on color words in modern English, making the research keep pace with the times, with the latest development in loanwords.六、进度计划 （根据研究内容及研究目标所预计的进度安排）1. Nov.16th — Nov.22nd , 2008 Subject selecting & topic narrowing2. Nov.23rd — Dec.20th , 2008 Data gathering3. Dec.21st — Jan.10th , 2009 Opening report & detailed outline4. Jan.11th — Feb.8th, 2009 Literature review5. Feb.9th — Mar.14th, 2009 First draft6. Mar.15th — Apr.10th, 2009 Second draft7. Apr.11th — Apr.20th, 2009 Final version8. Apr.27th — May 14th, 2009 Printing9. May 17th — May 25th, 2009 Thesis debate七、资料来源 （指能够支持“课题背景”、“课题研究现状及发展趋势”所论述内容的主要文献资料）[1] Baugh, A.C. & Thomas Cable. A History of the English Language [M]. Peking: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.[2] Eckersley, C.E. Brighter English [M]. London: Longman, 1979.[3] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Mac Millan Education, 1985.[4] Hornby, A.S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English [Z]. London: Oxford University, 1974.[5] Knowles, G. A Cultural History of the English Language [M]. U.S.A.: A Hodder Arnold Publication, 1997.[6] Lott, B. A Course in English Language and Literature [M]. U.S.A.: Edward Arnold, 1989.[7] Lyons, J. Language and Linguistics [M]. London: Longman, 1981.[8] Wales, K. Northern English: A Social and Cultural History [M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 2006.[9] Wu Weizen. History and Anthology of English Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2001.[10] Yang Yanhua & Zhang Shufan. Modern English Lexicology [M]. Peking: Metallurgical Industry Press, 2007.[11] 陈永烨．“英汉颜色词所表现的中西文化差异” [J]．《辽宁工程技术大学学报》，2005，(7)．[12] 戴炜栋,何兆熊.《新编简明英语语言学教程》[A].上海：上海外语出版社,2002.[13] 邓炎昌，刘润清．《语言与文化》[M]．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1991．[14] 蒋栋元．“论颜色及颜色词的文化差异” [J]． 《四川外语学院学报》，2002，(3)．[15] 唐振华．“英汉颜色词的翻译” [J]．《中国科技翻译》，1997，(2).指导教师意见：（对课题的认可意见）指导教师年 月 日系（教研室）审查意见：系（教研室）主任：年 月 日

谈谈英译毕业论文中文标题的基本原则

一、引言

毕业论文(thesis)是每个大学生在毕业之前的一项重要学习任务。论文的撰写需要一定的专业知识,也需遵循科研论文规范的写作方法及语言表达形式。学生在英译中文标题时应本着一条总的原则:准确反映文章实质,遵循英语表达习惯,贵在简洁,突出醒目,使之起到“以小见大”的作用。具体原则及要求如下。

二、英译毕业论文中文标题的基本原则

2.1准确一致(Accuracy)论文标题应能准确反映文章主要内容,恰当体现所研究的范围和深度,既不能过于宽泛,也不宜过于繁琐。中英文标题在内容上应保持一致,但不代表词语的完全对应。将中文标题译成英文时,要注意语序的调整,不能死套中文的词序,以免造成英文意思模糊不清。在多数情况下,个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。如果有些标题过于笼统、抽象,难于按字面意思直译,可以通过“意译”原标题或另拟新标题加以整理,以使“名”符其“实”。2.2规范得体(Standardization)标题中单词的大小写。标题单词字母的大小写通常有以下三种写作格式:全部字母大写;每个词的首字母大写,但三个或四个字母以下的冠词、连词、介词全部小写;标题第一个词的首字母大写,其余字母均小写。对于专有名词首字母、首字母缩略词、德语名词首字母、句点(.)后任何单词的首字母均应大写。标点符号、斜体的使用。英汉论文标题中,标点符号的不对应是由两种语言标点类别不同造成的。破折号、冒号、问号、引号、逗号、感叹号、斜线均可使用,顿号、书名号仅用于中文学术论文标题;分号、省略号只用于英语学术论文标题。如,为使标题精炼,英文标题常用冒号或破折号代替标题中的`介词短语或判断陈述句标题中的tobe。另外,标题中的概念与次要成分应用符号分隔,从而突出中心概念。英文书名用斜体表示,中文书名置于书名号内。缩写词。除各国通用的缩写词和特殊符号外,标题内不得使用缩写词和特殊符号。因此,论文标题应避免使用非公知、公用的缩写词、字符、代号,尽量不要出现数学公式和化学式。标题中应慎重使用缩略语,尤其对于有多个解释的缩略语应严加限制,必要时应在括号中注明全称,只有那些全称较长、缩写后不易引起歧义且已得到本专业领域公认的缩略语才可使用。

2.3简短精炼(Conciseness)字数。标题具有高度的概括性,在能准确反映论文特定内容的前提下,标题的用词应力求简短、精练,以最少的文字概括尽可能多的内容。标题字数一般不超过20个汉字,外语不超过10个实词(国际标准为8个),若能用一行文字表达则尽量不用2行。如果某些论文中的内容层次复杂或科学术语结构复杂,难用8个英文词概括全文的标题,建议采用主标题与副标题的相结合的办法解决标题过长问题,以副标题来补充说明特定的方法及内容等信息。此时应注意国际标准和英文规范,并用冒号将主、副标题分开,切忌按中文方式用破折号将之分开。赘词冗语。标题中尽量不用赘词冗语(如冠词a,an,the)及多余的说明性“废词”。另外,还要注意避免标题中词意上的重叠。随着期刊论文逐渐与国际接轨,学生需注意遵循英语表达习惯。许多论文作者在中文标题中常冠于“试论”、“初探”、“浅谈”、“试论”等谦辞。如果此类标题直接翻译成“Elementaryintroduc-tionof…”,“Simplestudyof…”等字样,在形式上谦词就成了中心词,反而使反映论文主题的中心词不够突出醒目,使英美人士望文生义,产生不信任感。至于标题中惯用的“AStudyof…”,“Re-searchon…”等一类词汇都属无效信息,英译时为做到言简意赅,往往省略不译。

2.4醒目突出(Prominence)科研论文的标题一般不刻意追求语言的生动或形象化。但是,为了使标题醒目或体现语言和谐动听,有时作者也在标题中运用修辞手段,以明确表明研究工作的独到之处,力求重点突出。为使表达直接、清楚以便引起读者的注意,作者应尽可能地将表达核心内容的主题词放在标题开头。

三、结语

综上所述,在撰写英语专业毕业论文之际,学生应从论文标题的专指性入手,认真拟定毕业论文标题,以使其发挥出提纲挈领的作用。了解毕业论文中文标题英译的原则、常见结构及翻译方法有助于学生提高标题译文的准确性和灵活性,甚至论文的学术含量。学生在实际应用这些方法时,可根据具体情况进行适当的调整和增删以实现译文的标准化和规范化。

参考文献:

[1]DayRA.HowtoWriteandPublishaScientificedi-tion)[M].Phoenix:TheOryxPress,1998.

[2]崔鲸涛.科技论文英文标题制作的技术规范[J].应用写作,2003(7).

[3]刘向红.科技论文标题和摘要的英译[J],中国科技翻译,2001(1).

[4]沐卫萍.科研论文题目英译浅谈[J].中国科技翻译,2005(5).

[5]许建平.中文核心期刊论文标题的翻译[J].中国科技翻译,2005(11)

好的，英语论文开题报告我给你做帮您完成.