本科生盲审不过的比较少，一般是会通过的，但是如果论文写的太差，盲审不会通过的，所以写论文的时候，一定要多和指导老师沟通，争取盲审一次通过，毕业答辩一次通过，如期拿到毕业证和学位证。
本科生的论文盲审，就是组织专家组评审，按照一定比例，抽取部分本科生的论文，然后将论文去掉署名，送到其他专家那里进行审核，一般会查重复率、论文的机构以及内容的深度，如果没有通过盲审，轻则延迟毕业，重则毕不了业。
盲审的话，因为是送到其他专家审查，所以比平时由自己学校老师审查的要严格一些，所以会存在一些盲审不过的情况。
如果盲审没过怎么办?
如果盲审没有通过，则不能参加本次答辩，只能参加下一次的答辩，但是在下一次答辩之前，还需要修改论文，然后将论文再次盲审，这次审核如果通过，则才允许答辩。
盲审不通过的原因有哪些?
1.原创度不高;一般论文有查重环节，而且对于原创度有一定要求，低于这个要求，不允许答辩，所以论文要原创。
2.论文方向没有新意;论文最好有新意一些，如果选择的方向有很多人写过，那再写，也很少有价值，此外，也会导致写作难度过大，因为要避开其他人的论文，免得重复。
3.论文格式错误;论文的格式，是非常有必要的，写论文时要严格按照论文的格式写作，格式错误，是一种低级且非常严重的错误，就算论文写的再好，如果格式错误，基本是盲审不过的。
4.文题不符;这种错误，一个是跑题目了，内容和题目的关联度不大;另外一个则是各章不能支撑论文题目，该论文的论据比较薄弱，不能论证该论点。
5.论文结构存在问题;很多学生会犯这种问题，例如摘要过多，目的和意义过多，但是研究内容、方法等却又太少了。
大家在写完论文的时候，记得要查重，记得要多和指导老师进行沟通，避免盲审或者答辩不通过的情况。
我们先来看下组织专家组评审的制度：其实说白了就是匿名送审，评阅导师不知道论文作者是谁，学生也不知道评阅导师是谁。在一般的高校中，特别是研究生院校均会有对学位论文进行定期盲审的相关规定，多为随机抽取一定数目的论文进行盲审。盲审制度，就是将不署作者名的学位论文送给作者不可能知道的专家审核，这样打出来的分数，应是最为客观。不同学校硕士论文盲审所占的比例不同，一般在30%-50%之间，博士论文全部盲审，不能毕业的当然存在，尤其是好的学校更注重研究生的培养质量。通过盲审的学位论文，由研究生部通知学位评定分委员会和导师及研究生，进行学位论文答辩。定为不合格的学位论文由研究生部通知研究生本人及导师，进行论文的修改;如研究生本人及导师对盲审结果有异议，可填写"复审申请表"申请复审。通常来说，既然是盲审了，对方老师是不知道你作者的名字和指导老师名字的。一般来说老师不会卡在职的论文，大家都知道是来水学位的，差一点也就放一马过去了，除非是论文真的是比较差。不过，盲审没过还有第二次机会啊。赶紧根据相关建议进行修改，让负责送审的老师赶紧重新送其他老师审，只要其他老师送审意见通过即可。
你的过没过？
一、毕业论文的选题选题是论文写作的首要环节。选题的好坏直接关系到论文的学术价值和使用价值，新颖性、先进性、开创性、适用性以及写作的难易程度等。下面重点谈谈选题的原则：1．要客观需要，颇有价值。选题要根据我国经济建设的需要，具有重大的理论和实用价值。例如“企业联盟问题研究”，就是这样。正如一汽集团李启祥副总经理说，我国汽车与国外的汽车竞争，无论是技术、质量、品牌、功能、成本和规模经济等都比不过人家，只能靠一体化，战略联盟，与“大众”合资进入世界大汽车集团，靠国外发展自己。因此，关于战略联盟的研究，既满足了我国经济建设的需要，又具有重大的理论和实用价值。2．要捕捉灵感，注重创新。论文的生命在于创新。创新的含义非常广泛，是指一种新的观点，创立新说，新的论据(新材料)，新的补充，新的方法，新的角度。也有人说创新指研究的内容是新的，方法是新的，内容与方法都是新的。还有人认为创新指独特见解，提出前人未曾提出过的问题，纠正前人的错误观点，对前人成果进一步深化、细化、量化和简化等。由上可见，一篇论文总要有一点创新，否则就算不上真正的论文。创新靠灵感，灵感靠积累。只有在长期的艰苦砥砺中才能偶然产生一点思想的火花，而这稍纵即逝的思想火花就可能变成学术创新的起点。
具体的范文模板链接： 提取码: ne8r
论文答辩基本流程1.论文答辩举行前，学生将经过指导老师审定并签署过意见的毕业论文一式多份，连同提纲、草稿等交给答辩委员会。2.答辩开始，老师宣读答辩小组名单和答辩规则。3.学生在规定时间内作论文陈述。概述论文标题及选题原因，较详细地介绍论文的主要论点、论据和写作体会。4.老师向答辩人提出质询的重点问题。5.学生逐一回答完所有问题后退场，答辩委员会集体根据论文质量和答辩情况，商定成绩和评语。6.召回学生，由主答辩老师当场宣布答辩结果并进行小结【提醒】各院校具体答辩流程可能稍有不同，仅供参考前期准备熟悉论文学生应对论文有全面、深刻的理解，熟悉文章每一个部分的主要内容。●此外，还要多了解与论文有关的新闻时事、学术热点等。●在反复阅读、审查自己毕业论文的基础上，写好答辩报告书。特别注意以下几点:①突出选题的重要性和意义。②介绍论文的主要观点与结构安排。③强调论文的新意与独创性。④说明做了哪些必要的工作。想好答案答辩老师常见的提问类型①对选题意义提问②对重要观点及概念提问③对论文新意提问④对论文细节提问⑤对论文数据来源提问⑥对论文薄弱环节提问⑦对建议可行性提问⑧对自己所做工作的提问⑨对超出论文范围的提问⑩对格式是否规范化的提问【注意】●陈述一定要简明扼要，层次清晰。可按照“自我介绍一论文题目一 选题缘由一 研究背景一研究内容成文结构 不足一 致谢"几个环节进行自我陈述。●回答老师问题后，认真听取答辩老师的评判和意见，总结经验教训。制作答辩PPT●封面简洁美观，写上论文名称、姓名、学号、指导老师等。●内容避免大段文字，每部分列出核心观念即可。●图表可适当在PPT中穿插一些能辅助论证的图表，不仅能吸引老师的注意，还能形象地传达你的观点。●配色力求简洁大方，字体颜色要和背景形成鲜明对比，避免过于花哨繁复控制时间●论文答辩会 上一般都有时间限制，学生在答辩前应对答辩内容有时间上的估计。●在正式答辩前一-定要多计时演练几遍，在答辩过程中也可以灵活地减少或增加内容。
一 硕士毕业论文答辩如何通过 按照学校要求， 二 硕士论文答辩，老师会提什么问题啊 你论文应该起码分了6章，其中第3，4，5章应该是重点和难点。那么老师肯定会针对这三章中你重点做的内容提问。不过你不用担心，只要论文是你自己写的，老师不会为难你的。 三 硕士学位论文答辩记录怎么写 硕士研究生答辩记录要求 一、研究生论文答辩记录，必须本着真实的原则，完整地记录答辩的程序和有关内容，准确反映答辩的实际水平。会议记录要求书面整齐、字迹清晰、简明扼要；对字迹潦草、内容不完整的记录，必须根据录音重新整理。答辩记录不能由自己誊写，且不少于6页。 二、记录人员应具备一定的速记以及文字处理水平。 三、论文答辩会议记录的基本内容： 论文答辩记录应当以如下8个项目为标题，分别记录相应内容： （一）答辩开始 答辩委员会主席宣布答辩开始，介绍答辩委员会主席、委员、时间、地点。 （二）会议秘书介绍答辩人情况 会议秘书简要答辩人情况，如姓名、专业、导师、论文题目等等。 （三）答辩人介绍论文内容 答辩人应抓住论文重点，文字简洁。 （四）答辩委员会成员提问 要求以序号形式，简明记录XXX委员提出的问题。 （五）答辩人回答问题 针对有关问题，要求以序号的形式尽可能地记录答辩人的回答，此项内容应该占答辩记录的70%。 （六）会议秘书宣布推荐意见及论文评阅书 会议秘书宣布推荐意见及评阅书的主要内容。 （七）评议、投票 简要说明评议和投票的过程，30—50字。 （八）宣布答辩委员会决议和投票结果 要求准确反映决议内容，在“答辩记录”中，必须记录投票结果，写清决议内容。如果是一致通过，应写明：“经过答辩委员会投票表决，一致同意、建议授予XXX硕士学位”。 四 硕士论文答辩需要注意哪些问题 这样一来，研究生也就几乎成了“本科五年生”甚至“本科六年生”，难以得到真正的科学研究训练，除了多念几年课程外、与本科生并无本质区别，自然达不到研究生培养的真正目标。当然，随着我国研究生教育的发展，上述情况已得到显著改善，研究生一进校即投入科学研究已逐渐在大部分课题组形成风气。但这并不意味着所有研究生已正确理解了研究生与本科生的本质区别，仍然不时有研究生习惯于当“本科五年生”，而迟迟进入不了研究生的角色。 这样一来，研究生也就几乎成了“本科五年生”甚至“本科六年生”，难以得到真正的科学研究训练，除了多念几年课程外、与本科生并无本质区别，自然达不到研究生培养的真正目标。当然，随着我国研究生教育的发展，上述情况已得到显著改善，研究生一进校即投入科学研究已逐渐在大部分课题组形成风气。但这并不意味着所有研究生已正确理解了研究生与本科生的本质区别，仍然不时有研究生习惯于当“本科五年生”，而迟迟进入不了研究生的角色。 五 硕士论文答辩需要注意哪些问题 大家在答辩过程中，需要注意的问题：答辩的大致程序是：老师们先给你们大致五分钟的时间做论文陈述（答辩同学的先后顺序是老师随机决定的，论文陈述主要是对你的论 *** 简要介绍，包括论文基本结构安排、论文主要论点、采用的方法、最后的结论、论文的创新点等等，陈述时不需要做PPT，<总之，往年都是不用做PPT的，今年大家注意看下学校通知要求，有没有要求做PPT，如果没有就是不做>，直接口头陈述即可），然后就由答辩老师提问,问一个问题，你回答一个，问题个数没有统一规定，可能这个同学问得多，那个同学问的少，但一般一个同学就是20分钟左右，回答完了之后下去轮到下一个同学。六 全日制硕士论文答辩被挂是种什么体验 现在copy添加正式回答，你现在是延期，最快应该七八月份能够拿到毕业证。能否和用人单位通融下，一般企业都能通融，大国企也不例外哦。如果必须要拿证，就看你的胆识了，确定文章没有问题，开始掀桌子。上报你们学校学术委员会，答辩老师不具备评审资格，所属学院玩忽职守，用非专业人员评审专业论文，造成评审结果严重失实，要求重审。因为一般盲审都是外校或者其他学院专家，盲审的意见大多比较靠谱，如果盲审没问题，答辩一般没问题。抱着掀桌子的心态，逐级上报，就针对论文里的问题。最好的结果，顺利毕业。最坏的结果，延期同时重写论文。 七 硕士研究生论文答辩有多恐怖 研究生考试中专业硕士（双证）和学术型硕士区别 中国实行的学位教育主要分为：学专术型学位属和专业型学位。 专业硕士和学术硕士最直观的区别：专业型硕士培养的是现在市场紧缺的应用型人才，学术型硕士教育以培养教学和科研人才为主 八 教育硕士论文答辩ppt 内容全的话我可以帮忙做ppt 九 硕士论文答辩 硕士论文答辩PPT的要求 随着软件的逐步升级，在众多的毕业论文答辩中也广泛采取PPT 演讲稿来进行，所以做好一个PPT演讲稿对于自己的论坛答辩起到了非常重要的作用，本文的核心就在于怎样讲自己的论文在PPT 中体现出来，给答辩专家团一个很好的诠释。 一、要对论文的内容进行概括性的整合 ，将论文分为引言和试验设计的目的意义、材料和方法、结果、讨论、结论、致谢几部分。二、在每部分内容的presentation 中，原则是：图的效果好于表的效果，表的效果好于文字叙述的效果。最忌满屏幕都是长篇大论，让评委心烦。能引用图表的地方尽量引用图表，的确需要文字的地方，要将文字内容高度概括，简洁明了化，用编号标明。 三、版面和文字要求 1、文字版面的基本要求 幻灯片的数目： 学士答辩10min 10～20张 硕士答辩20min 20～35张 博士答辩30min 30～50张 2、字号字数行数： 标题44号（40） 正文32号（不小于24号字） 每行字数在20～25个 每张PPT 6～7行 （忌满字） 中文用宋体(可以加粗)，英文用 Time New Romans 对于PPT中的副标题要加粗 3、PPT 中的字体颜色不要超过3种（字体颜色要与背景颜色反差大） 建议新手配色： （1）白底，黑、红、篮字 （2）蓝底，白、黄字（浅黄或橘黄也可） 4、添加图片格式： 好的质量图片TIF格式，GIF图片格式最小 图片外周加阴影或外框效果比较好 PPT总体效果：图片比表格好，表格比文字好；动的比静的好，无声比有声好。四、注意事项 幻灯片的内容和基调。背景适合用深色调的，例如深蓝色，字体用白色或黄色的黑体字，显得很庄重。值得强调的是，无论用哪种颜色，一定要使字体和背景显成明显反差。 注意：要点！用一个流畅的逻辑打动评委。字要大：在昏暗房间里小字会看不清，最终结果是没人听你的介绍。不要用PPT自带模板：自带模板那些评委们都见过，且与论文内容无关，要自己做，简单没关系，纯色没关系，但是要自己做！ 时间不要太长：20分钟的汇报，30页内容足够，主要是你讲，PPT是辅助性的。 ： 1、Magic Seven原则（7士2＝5～9）。每张幻灯片传达5个概念效果最好。 7个概念人脑恰恰好可以处理。 超过9个概念负担太重了，请重新组织。 2、KISS (Keep It Simple and Stupid)原则。因为我们做PPT针对的是大众，不是小众。我们的目的是把自己的理解灌输给听众。深入浅出才代表你对知识的真正掌握。 3、10/20/30法则。演示文件不超过10页，演讲时间不超过20分钟，演示使用的字体不小于30点(30 point)。 个人觉得这些有指导意义，但经验感和技术感太强。也没有说清楚为什么要这样做。我更愿意接受“利用PPT作为工具控制观众的眼球和注意力”的说法。自己想的。 同样一篇文章里面的东西，是说PPT 制作里面一些技巧性的东西 ，归纳一下分享出来，有一些是自己总结的哦： a、能用图表就用图表。所有的人都会先挑图看。 b、所有人看到图表，第一眼就是找最低的和最高的，然后找跟自己相关的。把这三个东西标出来，人家会觉得很省事。 c、别写那么多字，没人看，除非你打算照着念。 d、要想办法让人知道你的PPT 还有多少，或者告诉人家你要说的条理和结构。这非常重要，对自己好也对观众好。 e、不要用超过3种的动画效果，包括幻灯片切换。好的PPT不是靠效果堆砌出来的，朴素一点比花哨的更受欢迎。 f、多用口语，放在一些类似tips的地方，效果往往加倍。 满意请采纳。 十 研究生论文答辩一般什么时候进行 众所周知，无论选择一月联考还是五月同等学力申硕，参与在职研究生的报考进修，想要获取相应证书，除了考试之外，考生们还需通过论文答辩。那么，准备单证在职研究生论文答辩的时间在什么时候呢？下面就为大家详细介绍一下此问题。 准备单证在职研究生论文答辩的时间，第一申硕考试通过之后。按照教育部的规定，一般在同美国等学力申硕考试成绩公布后的一年内，我们也就要通过论文答辩。需要注意的是，为了增加学员的申硕成功率，一般学校给予每个学员两次答辩的机会，分别被安排在6月和12月进行。 准备单证在职研究生论文答辩的时间，第二论文答辩完成的期限。通过同等学力申硕考试后，在职研究生考生需要在一年内。提交论文，半年内完成答辩，否则此次申硕无效。论文答辩第一次不通过，一般在职研究生考生还一次修改论文再答辩的机会，如果还是没有通过的话，则申硕无效。 准备单证在职研究生论文答辩的时间，第三答辩不成功的影响。需要注意的是，所谓的申硕无效，其实指的是不能获得硕士学位证书，这个时候，大家需要重新报班学习，缴纳学费。
本科还是研究生阿？我是研一的，只经历过本科的毕业答辩。严不严要看学校，我们学校对毕业设计看得比较严，答辩也相对严。不过你想老师都是本系的，平时都熟，严也严不到哪去，不过还是要认真准备，小心碰到特“硌”的老师
来源：Vista看天下
ID：vistaweek
作者：贾小凡
当翟天临因为学术不端事件被锤得体无完肤的时候，大概没料到自己半年后还会被挖出来“鞭尸”——
最近翟天临的微博下面，成了应届毕业生的大型情绪发泄垃圾场。
大家的中心思想大概是：都赖你整出这事儿，害得我毕业也变成了hard模式！
起因显然是那场学术圈大地震。不仅硕士博士感到危机，今年多所高校都发布通知要求严查本科生论文，部分学校还将对已毕业学生的毕业论文开展质量跟踪监控。
即便学校没有明文规定，许多同学也能从导师的叮嘱和要求中感受到，想成功毕业，大概得挠秃两百根头发。
对于始作俑者翟天临，抱怨和痛恨接踵而至。
不过说真的，难道没有翟天临捅的篓子，中国大学生毕业论文这关就能轻轻松松地过吗？
毕业论文=渡劫
毕业论文，名义上是大学生完成大学学业的标志和成果，实际上却是一批批年轻人彻底脱离学校、进入社会前必须要渡的劫。
这件事上的众生相，充分体现了大学中的阶级差异。
每个人身边都会有那么几个学神，早早保研成功，跟着自己心仪的导师认真学术、勤恳搬砖，本科毕业论文不过是他们学术进阶之路的起步。
还会有那么几个彻底放弃治疗的同学（或者自己就是），直接钻空子抄袭、当个论文裁缝，或者借用前辈的论文一用，就蒙混过关了。
最痛苦的，就是不上不下的大多数。
一言以蔽之，良心尚存但能力不足。
这就导致，写本科毕业论文这件事成了无数人22年的人生拖延症、焦虑症、狂躁症、自我怀疑的集大成之作。
对于许多中国本科生来说，写毕业论文的确不简单。
光是找选题这一件事就够让人头疼，要么已经被前人写滥毫无新意，要么到最后发现自己流的泪都是选题时脑子进的水。
更惨的客观现实是，许多人在四年间都没有得到过系统的学术技能培训，没有被好好教过如何写一篇规范的论文。
尽管各门课程的期末论文可能写了几十篇，到了最后这一关还是觉得像在裸奔。
再叠加上当代年轻人“越痛苦越不敢面对”的通病，越是自觉菜的人，越是不敢和导师交换眼神。
怕他迟迟不找我，又怕他突然找来。发邮件收到导师的回复必须得做好心理建设才敢打开，不时在妄自菲薄和盲目自信中来回切换，仿佛一个在热恋中辗转反侧的少女。
心路历程百转千回，可不代表整个写作过程也那么曲折漫长——
2014年《劳动报》的一份问卷调查结果显示，超过90%的本科生用不足30天完成论文，有47%的学生甚至只用了不足10天。
合着大家都是靠着在朋友圈哀嚎完成了想象中的论文进度，然后在短时间内完成“拖延→惭愧地拖延→焦虑地拖延→屁滚尿流没日没夜地赶完”的标准流程。
但是，不要以为尬写完内容，痛苦就结束了——
大数据充分暴露了年轻人面对毕业论文的茫然和无知。
百度指数显示，每年每逢12月底和5月中旬，“论文格式”的搜索量将如约攀升到高峰，周而复始，生生不息，标志着一批又一批应届生在简历上写的“熟练使用office”其实都是人的。
到最后会发现，合着全文几千字里，最畅通无阻的大概就只有“致谢”了。
答辩，大型公开处刑现场
更让人窒息的还在后面——如果说写论文是死到临头前一个人的挣扎，那论文答辩就是一群人轮流表演自己的求生欲。
答辩的目的本是由该领域的老师当面检验学生的能力和课题的完成度，以判断学生的学习成果是否足以拿到学位。
但在答辩的人眼里，它本质上像是进产房生孩子：
进教室之前大家都给你加油打气“加油没事放轻松”，进去之后大脑空白呼吸急促两眼发黑，出来之后立刻被焦急地包围，“怎么样，顺利吗……”
又或是，这算是日后职场在同事和大佬面前丢人的预演了。
有人因为过于紧张，嗓音都不自觉地变得像被门碾了的尖叫鸡。
有人明明是英语专业，一不小心中文脱口而出还嘴瓢成了俄语口音。
还有不怕死的，敢于坚持自己的真理、把老师的意见怼回去，殊不知有的老师就是看你越死鸭子嘴硬，越要教教你什么叫天高地厚……
在旁边瑟瑟发抖的小透明由此获得人生真理：面对大佬的质疑，不要干，就是怂。
但最尴尬的情况，莫过于指导老师和答辩老师的意见相反。
导师让你加的内容，答辩老师觉得多余让你修改；导师首肯过的结论，答辩老师频频摇头……
此时已经离真理越来越遥远的菜鸡，内心活动如下↓↓↓
不过也有很多人事后才发现自己白寝食难安那么多天，答辩其实没有想象中那么恐怖，全靠老师大发慈悲。
有人的答辩现场，变成了老师恨铁不成钢手把手格式指导大会。（看来百度出来的也不太靠得住）
有些老师，问的都是无关痛痒的问题，眼看你快撑不住了就自动在脑子里修正了你的回答，眼中充满了鼓（pi）励（juan）。
还有网友称自己的答辩老师就写了几个问题让同学回去自己写，还担心会不会太难，说不会的话就自己换几个简单的。
毕竟，老师要是真跟你较真，那超过一半的人毕业证可能都岌岌可危。
甚至有些学校本科生专业压根不设置答辩这个环节，这让本科生如释重负的同时，也清醒地认识到，自己可能真的是菜到老师不愿意浪费时间了吧。
老师比你还痛苦
学生写论文痛苦，导师们也的确不容易。
高等教育逐年扩招的大背景下，中国高校的“师生比”本来就不容乐观，大部分高校的师生比是远远低于1：14这个标准的。
反映在论文上也一样，常常是一个导师除了要带研究生的论文，可能还要超负荷指导相当数量的本科生论文。
2017年的数据
当然，导师和导师的态度也可以很不一样。
有些导师就像只是挂个名，你可能半年都没见过他人，就稀里糊涂地毕业了。
有的导师则负责任得让人都羞愧。
这两天网上流传着很多大家情到浓时自发创作的毕业季专用表情包↓可是，老师眼中的学生真的有这么可爱吗……
恐怕不仅没有，可能还得为学生操碎了心。
有的老师又是提前举办预答辩，又是现场跟哄孩子似的安慰学生别太紧张，还要在答辩的台下忍受着“台上的孩子可能都不知道自己在说啥但依然滔滔不绝”的痛苦，最后千叮咛万嘱咐给你的意见一定要好好修改。
要是有脾气暴躁的老师碰上态度吊儿郎当混日子的学生，可能心里已经像前几天的一则新闻中那个当场发飙的老师一样怒摔论文了。
或者一直对于学生的废柴隐忍不发，直到冷不丁地发了条朋友圈才让人醍醐灌顶、脊背发凉。
许多学生的痛苦，也来源于自己确实不够努力也能力不足，交了论文其实是把压力和焦虑转嫁给导师那边了。
可要是有幸碰上认真负责的老师，对着我们炮制的学术垃圾还能谆谆教诲，惭愧的压力真是瞬间又转回到自己这边了。
毕业总归得蜕层皮
正因为综上所述的血泪史，网络上也不止一次地讨论过，本科生写毕业论文到底有没有必要？
很多唱衰的声音不止来自想只想赶紧拿文凭毕业的学生，恰恰来自老师本人。
首都经贸大学老师就曾经发微博称，看过几篇本科生毕业论文后自己很赞同取消，“现在的本科生写论文真的没有太大的意义”。
持这类观点的人认为，让所有本科生都写毕业论文貌似可以提高人才培养质量，却适得其反，还催生学术不端行为。
的确，对于相当一部分学生来说，他们日后的发展方向和自己本科所学专业的培养目标几乎没有关系。
在大四下半学期这个时间点上，忙着实习、找工作，为了“降重”图省事儿，或者纯粹就是没好好学过、写不出来，种种原因催生了论文代写行业十分活跃。
但是，志不在学术的学生会为此怨声载道、偷工减料，就能说明写论文这件事本身是错的、应该被取消吗？
许多人在肯定本科生毕业论文的意义时，其实是从超越了“专业知识有没有用”的层面来讨论。
这种观点认为，本科教育中的论文是为了培养一种思维，去考验年轻人如何提出问题、搜集资料、表达观点、解决问题等等，而这些技能并非出了大学校园就毫无用处。
更实际的视角，也很有道理……↓
那么当学生老师对于这最后一次考验都感到不大痛快，问题根本就不在于论文这种形式上了。
不管本科生要以什么形式标志自己圆满完成了学业，其实核心的问题是在这之前，大学里受教育的四年真的能足以支撑人有底气地把自己的学习成果展现出来吗？
学生自己的懈怠，就业压力下更为实际的抉择，教学资源跟不上……其实在大家被毕业论文“折磨”之前，路上坑就已经不少。
退一步讲，既然整个社会都默认一张文凭必不可少，那得到它总归是要付出点努力和“代价”。只不过毕业论文的初衷也并非故意要让人受一次折磨，目前这个让人头秃的难熬状况，只是高等教育弊端的一个缩影罢了。
单单谈“该不该取消毕业论文”其实没有意义，如何让最后这个升华的阶段性总结真的有四年扎实的积累，才是关键。
虽然现状一时半会儿难以改变，但只要有心，就算写论文像是西西弗斯推巨石也总归能有收获，哪怕只是体会了“能咬牙挺过难关”是什么感觉也好。
毕竟走出象牙塔、成为社会人之后，还有那么多比毕业论文和答辩更难对付的呢。
比如我的领导↓
END
就是问题多才更要改！我当时的毕业论文发到老师邮箱他都是很负责任给看的，需要改的地方都改变了颜色，提出大体的修改思路。快答辩了，改动也不会是大结构的，一篇合格的论文就是要修改好多次，千万别因为害怕不敢和老师沟通，那样反而不好呢！再有就是论文的格式很重要，千万别出现错别字什么的，虽然咱论文写的不特别好，但态度认真啊！其实论文答辩也没那么可怕，相信你一定会顺利通过的，加油吧！
现在又到了一个5月份，又到了许多的大学生研究生做毕业论文做答辩的时候了，那么在这样的一个时候呢，真正认真学习学到知识的人会十分期待答辩，并且能够好好的向导师展现自己的作品。可是对于更多的在学习的时候没有认真学习的人来说，答辩就是一件很恐怖的事情，因为没有认真学习，所以说很多的东西都是不会的，老师一问就能够问出你的底细。
每一年到这样的时候呢，答辩现场的一些事情都会迅速的冲上热搜，那么大家答辩的时候会有多卑微呢？
有许多人在答辩的时候，因为自己真的是什么都不会，所以说每次老师在问到自己不会的问题的时候，都能够十分尴尬的疯狂给老师道歉。
的确是这样的，对于我们每一个人来说呢，毕业设计和毕业答辩特别是大学生，本科期间的这是你第1次上传以及发表，像这么具有学术性的东西，它是会伴随你终身的，为此呢我们的确应该早早的去准备，最好能够做到十全十美，然后在答辩的时候能够相对流利的回答问题。
特别是在大学里面，其实大学也是一个很紧张的时候，并不是这样像大家想象的那么轻松的，如果你想要好好的学到知识，大学的每一天都是十分忙碌的。
所以说也需要大家都不要荒度时光，因为时间真的是特别宝贵的东西，一旦失去的话就很难再拥有。
好了，以上就是我的全部看法了，非常感谢你能够读到这里，如果说你有其他的意见和建议，也欢迎到评论区和我留言交流。
一点都不。一般情况下，学校会让每一个学生毕业的，因为论文通不过，你的指导老师脸上也无光。
男生女生金版胆小鬼·民间故事试胆怪谭还有一些杂志叫做《悬疑XX》一般也是此类
1、《人间》（作者：蔡骏） 悬念指数：★★★★★ 惊悚指数：★★★★★ 畅销指数：★★★★★ 评语：蔡骏的作品涵盖了历史、宗教、科学等众多领域的知识，技法纯熟，充满才情。《天机》大结局的真相的确让我们读者大跌眼镜，老天保佑《人间》三部曲不要重蹈覆辙啊，否则……高处不胜寒，站得越高压力越大，蔡骏不容易的，能否保住天王级地位就看这部《人间》了。 2、《谜踪之国》（作者：天下霸唱） 悬念指数：★★★★☆ 惊悚指数：★★★★★ 畅销指数：★★★★★ 评语：貌似有些江郎才尽鸟！没有《鬼吹灯》天马行空的超级想象力，也没有流畅自然的幽默感，甚至没有《贼猫》的诡异灵气，当然，相比较其他同类作品还是挺不错的，值得一看！希望第二卷更精彩，不然真的就遭遇瓶颈了！ 3、《天劫》（作者：上官午夜） 悬念指数：★★★★★ 惊悚指数：★★★★★ 畅销指数：★★★★☆ 评语：豆瓣网最受读者喜爱和热评的悬疑小说。持续2个多月雄踞悬疑类销售第1名，的确不简单！故事结构不庞大，典型的小而精悍，现代都市感强烈，将亲情、爱情等看点融入其间，悬念感与惊悚感很好地融在一起，不失为中国最具畅销号召力的女性悬疑作家。 4、《迷藏I：血色面具》（作者：红娘子） 悬念指数：★★★★☆ 惊悚指数：★★★★☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：超越“七色”系列，惊悚女皇红娘子首度披露湘西老家的百年诡情，全程揭开湘西古镇的凄美传说。红娘子终于不再写鬼咯，不过不写鬼，好像没有以前那么好玩了，无厘头的风格也没有了，痴情的情爱笔触也没有了，但是对于湘土鬼魅风俗的一些描写倒是相当到位。 5、《迷宫蛛》（作者：鬼马星） 悬念指数：★★★★☆ 惊悚指数：★★★☆☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：披着推理外衣的都市言情悬疑小说，还好有些传统侦探的破案叙述，却不见阿加莎、东野圭吾等人专业的推理小说笔触。原以为《迷宫蛛》三部曲是三个独立的文本，或者是一个庞大故事，可是买来了却发现只是一个简单故事，硬撑3本书，的确有些令人失望啊！ 6、《高校女生诡秘事件》（作者：牟智平） 悬念指数：★★★★☆ 惊悚指数：★★★☆☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：80后小魔女掀起惊悚女生寝室风潮，重庆大学第一才女牟智平的确妙笔生花，能否写出一手漂亮的校园悬疑小说，据闻这个书是99网上书城最受欢迎的校园悬疑小说。 7、《非常童年》（作者：小妖尤尤） 悬念指数：★★★☆☆ 惊悚指数：★★★★☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：小妖尤尤确实是讲恐怖故事的妖怪女孩、女版希区柯克！周德东老师评价该书，传统恐怖小说的颠覆之作，国内首部探索童年生活的“非常作品”，不经意间，你就会发现如此熟悉的“非常童年”。写得挺不错的，够诡异，但是这个故事貌似不大主流，有些边缘性、小众性。 8、《卸妆》（作者：宛如） 悬念指数：★★★☆☆ 惊悚指数：★★★☆☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：感觉胜于前作《红嫁衣》，整体还算不错的，对于爱情的描写相当细腻，很难得啊！作者文笔娴熟老道，功底可见一斑，比较遗憾的就是故事的创新意不是很强烈。 9、《火蝴蝶》（作者：叶聪灵） 悬念指数：★★★☆☆ 惊悚指数：★★☆☆☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：死人并不可怕，真正可怕的是活着的坏人！像希区柯克一样挑战犯罪心理极限，国内首部法医传奇的长篇小说，悬疑期刊界最富人气值的叶聪灵再次挑战心理悬疑、法医悬疑的领域，不过叶聪灵的法医侦破、犯罪悬疑貌似不是特专业，而且有些青春、动漫味道，就看下次能否成熟一些咯！ 10、《国家宝藏》（作者：沈阳唐伯虎） 悬念指数：★★★☆☆ 惊悚指数：★★☆☆☆ 畅销指数：★★★☆☆ 评语：探险悬疑已经末路，搭上末班车的《国家宝藏》当然红火不起来。而且就书论书，探险悬疑的前边站着几位畅销级别的大神，其他同类作品终究缺乏竞争能耐啊，虽然这个书套用了尼古拉斯·凯奇经典的电影的名字！ 应该很好
《惊悚E族》《最推理》《胆小鬼》《新聊斋》《岁月推理》《心跳》《悚客》《新悬疑》《怖客》《谜中迷》《悚族》《夜谈》《异度空间》（原《中学生•故事吧》）《鸡皮疙瘩》）《零界》《诡》《午夜小说绘》《超惊悚》《谜·推理》《给栗》《漫客·悬疑世界》《忐忑》《门·悬疑》《风声》《新心跳》《坚果小说》《漫客·悬疑》《漫绘SHOCK》《怖条儿》
新出的《怖客》不错，还有《男生女生金版》，我几乎每期都买。
1、 (英语系毕业论文)中西戏剧发展快慢对比及其原因 摘 要 中西戏剧都有悠久的历史，无论是西方戏剧还是中国戏剧，都起源于民间，并与原始人祭祀神灵，欢庆节日的仪式密切联系在一起的。回顾希腊戏剧产生形成的历史，它发展快，成就高，在世界上的影响很... 类别：毕业论文 大小：95 KB 日期：2007-07-14 2、 (英语系毕业论文)从中美管理方式的不同透析中西方文化差异与整合 摘 要随着全球化的来临，中国与外界的交流越来越频繁，特别是在商界。本论文主要探讨中美在管理上的交流。如今的商界，如同一个大家庭，参与者遍布世界各地。正是由于这个原因，各国的管理模式也趋于一体化。但是... 类别：毕业论文 大小：85 KB 日期：2007-06-26 3、 (英语系毕业论文)在经济全球化下中西方文化差异与跨文化管理 摘 要伴随着世界经济的快速增长,跨国公司的飞速发展, 全球商业活动的猛烈激增，同时伴随着在文化多样化环境下的相关管理问题的出现，跨国公司的人员必须与来自不同文化背景的人打交道，这种文化差异时而会造成... 类别：毕业论文 大小：96 KB 日期：2007-06-26 4、 (英语系毕业论文)中西服饰文化差异对语言的影响 摘 要中西服饰受其各自不同哲学和文化的影响体现出不同的特征：儒家思想和大陆文明使中国服饰呈现出繁冗，宽博的特征。它不注重外表的装饰，以宽松的衣服遮掩身体的曲线，在思想上追求人格的完美，以“谦谦君... 类别：毕业论文 大小：90 KB 日期：2007-06-25 5、 (英语系毕业论文)快餐食品对中西方传统饮食文化的影响力 摘 要自古以来，中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区，礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响，目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同... 类别：毕业论文 大小：88 KB 日期：2007-06-25 6、 (英语系毕业论文)从礼仪角度谈中西文化的差异性 摘 要自古以来，中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区，礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响，目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同... 类别：毕业论文 大小：85 KB 日期：2007-06-23 7、 (英语系毕业论文)中西饮食文化及其差异 摘 要中国悠久历史5000年，西方世界五六百年的社会历程。中国有灿烂丰富、博大精深的饮食文化；西方国家则有精巧专维、自成体系的饮食文明。民以食为天，中国有自己独特丰富的饮食文化底蕴。然而今天除了中国... 类别：毕业论文 大小：100 KB 日期：2007-06-21 8、 (英语系毕业论文)中西酒店文化比较及探讨 摘 要在经济蓬勃发展的今天，旅游业风风火火地发展起来了，作为与旅游业相配套的酒店业也相应的完善起来，且更加趋于国际化。中国已经入世，这更给中国的酒店业带来一个新的发展契机，但世界上酒店发展规模空前，...
Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on, imaginative, unusual ideas, language and imaginative, strong feelings. Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life, and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens, France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the writer. Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society, the dark, in-depth criticism of the reality of evil, France Balzac and Maupassant, the United Kingdom of Charlotte, Bronte,. Russia's Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this category. Value today, the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary fiction. East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the case. Second, the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel, the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1, the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters, language and the details of the description, in contradiction to the conflict to display the images, but the character of a single, small changes in the absence of the main flu. Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description, stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind, good at writing full, the changes in the strong sense of the main characters. Again, "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts, but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent, and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character, but Jane Eyre's character is the brave, strong, warm, kind-hearted, and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng's. In short, people in the area described in the West has its own unique features. 2, China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete story. Plot twists and turns, the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional arts. The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid characteristics. Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous, magnificent anomaly, rigorous and clever, dramatic plot development. The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular, undulating waves, Cuoluoyouzhi, careful structure, an integral whole. "A Dream of Red Mansions", everywhere She Fu, Hui turning point, the story of Jia's best writing. Western plot in respect of the outstanding works, although there are many, but it can not be compared with the Chinese novel. 3, concise and lively Chinese language novel, rich in content and rich Western novels. Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language, at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose, often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the people. Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge, involve the community in many ways, so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many areas. Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are more. Western novels have different characteristics, and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent related. 4, Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression destroyed. Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult, Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame, so many great writers living, creating the conditions are not covered, many of the great works of authors who do not know. Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow, and many talented writers were forced to church services, wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry hole. Third, Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty, China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system, the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each other. Of course, due to historical reasons, the Chinese side of the draw a little more. To this day, the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm, although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent, but the United States are interlinked. We have every reason to believe that in the near future, the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate, develop and reach new artistic heights. References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election," Zhang Zhong, such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考，请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。
一、文学 1、一个值得同情的复仇者 --- 评希思克力夫被扭曲的心路历程 2、小议《红字》中红字的寓意 3、试论马克�9�9 吐温短篇小说的幽默特色 4、惠特曼的死亡哲学 5、“罪”与“罚”的对立统一 --- 浅析《红字》的主要人物 6、一个复杂的人 --- 《呼啸山庄》男主人公希克后性格分析 7、论《呼啸山庄》 --- 原始古朴与文明理性的交错色彩 8、一人分饰两角 --- 论《了不起的盖茨比》中“二元主角”手法的运用 9、思嘉的精神家园 --- 陶乐 10、是母亲，还是情人 --- 论《儿子与情人》中莫雷尔太太的任务性格 11、善恶交织的心灵挣扎 --- 透过小说《威廉�9�9威尔逊》和《黑猫》看艾伦�9�9坡的善恶观 12、五颜六色的语言世界 --- 论英汉语言中的颜色与颜色词 13、恐怖与美丽 --- 浅议爱德加�9�9艾伦�9�9坡的恐怖小说 14、论《美国丽人》一片中任务的两面性 15、爱的超越 --- 浅析《查泰莱夫人的情人》中的性的描写 16、《简�9�9爱》中的女权思想评析 17、死亡，人生永恒的主题 --- 《因为我不能停步等待死神》与《死之念》之比较 18、论海明威小说中的死亡主题 19、The Charm of Lady Chatterley 20、奏响生命的新乐章 --- 浅析艾立丝�9�9沃克的《紫颜色》 21、安诺波佩 --- 南太平洋上美国社会的幻灯片 22、站在传统和现代之间 --- 《荆棘鸟》和《穆斯林的葬礼》的比较赏析 23、Domby and Son --- the Portrait of a Capitalist 24、“女权主义”运动与英语语言中的“性别歧视”现象 25、从《苔丝》看哈代小说的悲剧意识 26、谈简�9�9爱的叛逆性格 二、教学法 1、激发学生学习兴趣，提高学生学习能力 2、中学外语教学：问题与思考 3、谈交际法与中学英语课堂教学 4、论Internet对我国外语教学的影响 5、试谈简笔画教学法 6、试论英语教学的情景创设 7、谈如何建立一个轻松活跃的英语课堂 8、重视语篇结构分析，提高高中英语阅读课的教学质量 9、如何在英语教学中培养学生的学习兴趣 10、双重活动教学法中跨文化教学 11、高中生心理特征与英语教学 12、外语教学的和谐气氛与有效交际 13、第二语言习得与幼儿英语教育 14、试谈提高初中英语课堂教学效率 15、在英语教学中如何培养学生的创新意识和能力 16、完善教学艺术，激发学生学习英语的兴趣 17、搞好语篇教学，培养阅读能力 18、谈谈如何激发学生学习英语的兴趣问题 19、兴趣活动交际 --- 浅谈交际教学法在中学英语口语教学中的应用 20、论英语课外活动的开展 21、论中学英语教学中的动机因素 22、中学英语情景教学法初探 23、浅谈如何使用新编英语教材，搞好农村初中英语口语教学 24、中西方文化差异1：中学英语教学中不可忽视的问题 三、词汇学 1、运用“发散思维”来扩大学生的词汇量 2、现代英语词汇迅速发展的源泉 3、网络英语的词汇类型及其特点 4、广告英语的词汇特点 四、教育学 1、素质教育与中学英语教学 2、英语学科素质教育的认识与实践 3、论英语素质教育在落后地区县乡中学实施的困难 4、论初中英语课堂教学中的素质教育 5、中学英语教学中的素质教育 6、浅议农村中学提高英语教学中素质教育的必要性 7、素质教育在中学英语课堂中的实现 8、谈现代中学英语教学对教师素质的要求 9、如何在英语课堂中实施素质教育 10、非智力因素在中学学习中的作用及其培养 11、论中学英语教学中的素质教育及其实践思路 五、语言学 1、论我国与美国的外语教育及改革 2、谈谈英语委婉语 3、矛盾语言中的和谐与统一 4、广告英语的文体特点 5、浅谈禁忌语和委婉语之关系及各自用途 6、英、汉价值观念与礼貌用语 7、中美日常交际中的文化差异 8、试谈英语教学中的交际性 9、中西方文化差异及其语言体现 10、英语中的歧义现象 11、中学词汇教学之我见 12、论大学英语教学中交际能力的培养 六、心理学 1、教育心理学在英语教学中的应用 七、翻译 1、文化差异与英汉习语翻译 2、浅析《虞美人�9�9春花秋月何时了》的三中英译 3、浅谈如何综合选用直译和意译 4、中国特色新词的英译 5、汉语成语的英译技巧探索 6、英语习语的翻译技巧 7、弘扬中国文化，让世界了解中国 --- 汉英翻译中的“求同存异”原则 八、电化教育学 1、如何发挥电教设备在外语教学中的作用 2、浅议外语电化教学 3、多媒体在英语教学中的应用
隐喻的中西方文化差异Abstract: Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon but also a way of thinking, which is one of the basic methods for human survival and cognition. It is rooted in language, thought and culture. Through the analysis and comparison of the use and concept of metaphor in different countries, we find that its universality and commonality of the metaphor as a basic human cognitive activities. However, metaphor in different languages reflects a different way of thinking and behavior and different cultural patterns. Owing to the different two modes of thinking and culture, there are some differences in understanding and formation that can not be ignored. Therefore, this paper will discuss the questions : metaphor, cross-cultural differences, translation. 1. Preamble Metaphor is a common phenomenon, a large number of people use metaphor to express his feelings and ideas. British scientists rhetoric Richards (IARichards) once said, "We have day-to-day in almost every conversation in three sentences may be a metaphor." According to statistics, life around the use of 4,700,000 new metaphor, 2,140,000 stereotypes of metaphor. Research in recent years, there is a great metaphor. This article introduced in the definition of metaphor on the basis of summing up the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western metaphor, and that its culture, precisely because of the prevalence of metaphor, how to translate metaphor has become a very important issue in the latter part of the article is aimed at The translation of metaphor put forward a translation of the three strategies. This paper studies aimed at trying to comparative analysis of English and Chinese in a large number of day-to-day language of metaphor to express, find out the differences and similarities, in order to be able to accurately translate the article in good metaphor to explore a little. This article is about the metaphor from the point of view to explore the differences in the way Thinking allows us to a deeper understanding of language, culture, the relationship between thinking and can more clearly understand the different ethnic language, culture, way of thinking, and so on On the nature of translation. 2. Metaphors in Chinese and Western studies In 1980, Lakoff & Johnson (George Lakoff & Mark Johnson) made a "living metaphor" (Metaphors We Live By) of the book, a modern metaphor to open a new chapter in the school. Domestic academia on the "metaphor" This is also a review of the system, such as Lin Wu's book "Study abroad metaphor Looking at the" beam-setting "metaphor research," Li of China and India "The main subjects Metaphor" and so on. However, the Chinese metaphor for the academic study of rare. "Chinese scholars on the study of metaphor, I am afraid the real contribution should be through the metaphor of the Chinese characteristics of research and study, through the metaphor of the Chinese and other languages in the comparative study of metaphor, metaphor for the establishment of a more general theory of the strong, and even unique The basis. "Lin Wu in the book" metaphor of the basic research the status quo, and the focus of the trend "in the main text, put forward a model of cultural metaphors with the relationship:" The language of metaphor is the emergence of expression into the system, which not only reflects the psychological Structure, but also reflect the different cultural models also play a role. " metaphor in the relationship between Chinese and Western cultures relationship Correspond to (corresponding) refers to the relationship between the two languages, English and Chinese in the meaning and metaphor in the use of the same meaning in the culture and image, and so on and-one mapping. This is because the survival of mankind itself, as well as all the external conditions, including the geographical environment, climate change, and the whole of human society and cultural background are certain there is a common, which formed a common humanity of their own and the outside world on many issues. In the "angry" mood, the English are angry that physiological responses, such as: grind one's teeth. (Teeth), bare one's teeth. (Ziyaliezui) an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. (an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth), reflecting the Chinese culture on the basis of common experience. non-correspondence English-Chinese metaphor, after all, rooted in two different languages on the soil, resulting in very different cultural backgrounds, fully corresponds to the few metaphors, the vast majority do not have common cultural identity in order to form the corresponding non-(non-corresponding ) Relations. Non-relationship metaphor can be roughly divided into three categories: Vehicle counterpart, Yu Yi does not correspond to English and Chinese in some cases there is the same as a metaphor, but in their own language and culture in the meaning of the metaphor means is different, even different. Peacock in the Chinese culture is auspicious, a symbol of beauty, especially the Dai people to express jumped Pavaner desire to better their own. If the Chinese people will be likened to a peacock, it means that beautiful light. However, in English, peacock (Peacock) is a symbol of pride, often interpreted as arrogance, love to show off. For example, They were eager to take the young peacock down a peg. (They want to pressure a pressure that the arrogant young guy's momentum). counterpart Yu Yi, the vehicle does not correspond to English-Chinese two nations due to their differences, from different angles to look at things the same, it will be a different analogy. As a result both English and Chinese language there is a different vehicle, but Yu was referring to was basically the same as the meaning of the case, that is the same kind of non-correspondence. Such as: a person described as the hearts of anxious, restless, Chinese is "ants on the hot pan" and English is "a cat on the bricks". There are similar: To kick down the ladder. Guohechaiqiao. Yu Yu Yi and do not correspond to Some of the metaphors Yu-Yu has a meaning and it refers to the language and culture are closely related, in another culture often can not find corresponding Yu and Yu Yi, which resulted in a culture known as the default Phenomenon. For example: in English "my rib" I am referring to Yu's wife, it comes from the "Bible" story, that is, Adam (Adam)'s wife Eve (Eve) God is with a piece of Adam's rib made. The Chinese did not, "the Bible" cultural background, and there was no analogy with rib habit, so the formation of a corresponding gap. Similarly, "ugly duckling" (Ugly Duckling) refers to the metaphor will get ahead of Little, "early bird" refers to the diligent Yu, in the words into Chinese language, culture, as a result of the default, can not find a corresponding relationship between metaphor . Chinese and Western cultures in the common metaphor Metaphor and culture to a large extent, human beings have a common understanding, rooted in the people's own day-to-day experience. In this connection, often between different ethnic groups are the same. Both English and Chinese language in a lot of abstract thinking that the metaphorical expression is the same. For example: the human child in the period to form a position on the concept of input in that direction in the form of many of them easily understood, including the position expressed by metaphor, which has become a fixed pattern of thinking. For example: The term direction (up, down) to describe people's social status, physical, emotional, and other abstract concepts to the case when the good is up; Sad is down. We Chinese are also not difficult to find a similar sentence: "Gas Prices "," enhance the social status "and" vision "and" depressed. " Since the objective laws of nature with the relative unity of different cultures to understand the nature of the course is similar to the cognitive experience. in the metaphor of the difference between Chinese and Western cultures As the English-Chinese geographical and cultural differences, living in two different cultures in practice there are a lot of differences, and different life experiences and let people understand the objective world, a different language carries different nationalities Cultural characteristics and cultural information. Understanding of metaphor is not out of socio-cultural backgrounds. For example, social and cultural impact of the color words is deep-rooted, some color words in different cultures in an entirely different meaning, has a distinctive feature of our national culture. Such as: English, said in green "inexperienced" and "shallow knowledge", such as: "a green hand", "I was very green when I started working there." The Chinese like to express the meaning of the word is "yellow" Such as: "Huangmaoyatou" and "flower girl". Cultural background knowledge is the metaphor to create a rich source of thinking, as the Eastern and Western cultures are different, metaphors in English and Chinese applications there are also significant differences. The metaphor of the cross-cultural differences between Chinese and Western influence Language is a cultural change in the development of the complex, subject to political, economic, historical, environmental and other factors. Chinese and Western styles are different, but in many ways to infiltrate interaction and integration, language differences and cultural metaphor for the inevitable impact is complex and diverse. metaphorical expression of cultural conflict Different nationalities in the world to observe a different perspective and ideas, different cultures there are a lot of conflict or inconsistency metaphor. If the animal metaphors, in English Long (dragon) is a kind of evil, will belch out smoke monster. "Bible", the dragon is the devil, is a symbol of evil and terror, there is a terrible vicious meaning. The Chinese dragon is in power, the auspicious symbol of Chinese traditional culture, the Chinese have "Wangzichenglong", "descendants of the Dragon." The same analogy in different cultures, different meaning, of two cultures "Dragon" to give a different connotation. differences in living conditions caused by differences in metaphor In English is a lot of metaphor and marine-related, such as: all at sea (at a loss what to do); drink like a fish (drinking cow); fish in the air (Shuizhonglaoyue); give up the ship (give up). In Chinese, there are a lot of the horse or cattle pose a metaphor, such as: "a willing ox" (a willing horse) Gan means to serve the community; "old ox" (a working horse) refers to the hard work; "bragging "(Talk horse), and so on. This is due to different geographical location and natural environment caused by different cultural metaphor. Britain is an island, ultimately, dependent on the sea, and China is a large agricultural country, farming culture deeply feudal society. different religious and cultural differences arising from the metaphor Religious culture of human culture is an important part of it by referring to the nation's religious beliefs, such as the formation of the sense of culture, "the Bible" in the story, with its language and meaning has become a feature of daily life in the West in terms of . For example, power of the keys (the keys to the kingdom of heaven; the rights of the Pope), in the right church, but in the wrong pew (in general is right, but not the details), and so on. Chinese culture and Buddhism, Taoism and more affected by the impact of Confucianism, the Chinese, there are a lot of related argot. "Jiehuaxianfo"; "临时抱佛脚"; "做一天和尚撞一天钟" and so on. It is due to the diversity of culture, resulting in the differences between English and Chinese metaphor. This difference to the cross-cultural communication has brought the impact. As a foreign language students, do not understand the difference between metaphor and language will make mistakes, sometimes mistakenly made good as pleasant, caused by either one or both of the conversation unpleasant; also sometimes mocked as a praise. When a native language other operators do not understand the language contained in the cultural differences, it is often difficult for such language to accurately convey the meaning of the understanding, difficulty to the cross-cultural exchange. 3. Metaphor of the three methods of translation The translation of metaphor not only accurately and effectively convey the original language, but also loyal, accessible, complete reproduction of the original language and cultural connotation and significance. But in the West because of cultural differences and different, so the translation of metaphor in English on the need to consider not only its literal sense, and so on, but also in the West should pay attention to their cultural differences. American Eugene Nida said: "Translation is the exchange between the two cultures. The real success of the translation, even more familiar with the two cultures is more important to master two languages. Because only in terms of its role in the culture In the background will only be meaningful. "Therefore, the translation of metaphor to combining Chinese and Western cultures, and cultural backgrounds to leave the translation, can not be achieved between the two languages of the real exchange. Literal Translation The so-called "literal" is asked in the language when conditions permit, in the translation to maintain the original content, but also to maintain the original form, in particular, to maintain the original metaphor, the image of the nation, and other local color. In the literal translation method to maintain the original expression of the culture and at the same time, target enriched the vocabulary and expression, such as: "a Pandora's box" (Pandora's Box); "chain reaction" (chain reaction). In the original text and asked the information contained in the same culture, we should adopt the literal translation method. (1) You are my sunshine, my only sunshine. : You are my sun, my only sunshine. In Chinese and English, the sun is warm, beautiful, in both languages, they disseminate information on culture are the same. As a rule, and asked in the original text in the form of grammatical structure, similar to the style or color on basically the same, the law should adopt the literal translation. (1) He is another Shylock. : He is also a Shylock. (Note: Shakespeare's Shylock is "The Merchant of Venice" in a very harsh mean business People. ) (2) To carry coals to Newcastle. : Coal to Newcastle. (Note: "Newcastle" is a British coal, coal is superfluous here.) 4. Conclusion Metaphor as a way to figures of speech or skills, a unique feature of grammar, which features make the sentence more flexible and constructive, but the United States. Is a metaphor to express more complex ideas and things, a powerful tool. Wherever and whenever people in their daily lives are often used metaphor. As Mr. Lin Zhuang said: "The metaphor is no longer expanding his knowledge and understanding of a passive process. To help us in the form of new knowledge, the metaphor has played an active role so that we can better a better understanding of the objective world." In English and Chinese Metaphorical significance of the difference is due to cultural differences between East and West, that mode of thinking, moral values and sense of difference. However, different cultural impact of what is the concept of metaphor, it is still a need to examine and address the problem. At the same time, in the metaphor of the process of translation must pay special attention to cultural differences. The best translation is to be able to accurately reflect the true meaning of the author, as well as its cultural and stylistic characteristics of the translation, that is, the translation of metaphor to make as much as possible the original language and to achieve the target language culture, and so on.