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英语阅读文章100篇

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英语阅读文章100篇

阅读能力高低直接影响我们接受外界信息和理解阅读资料的质量。对中学生而言,阅读效率高不仅阅读的速度要快,而且理解水平也要好。我精心收集了100字优美英语短文,供大家欣赏学习!

Giving Life Meaning

Have you thought about what you want people to say about you after you’re gone? Can you hear the voice saying, “He was a great man.” Or “She really will be missed.” What else do they say?

One of the strangest phenomena of life is to engage in a work that will last long after death. Isn’t that a lot like investing all your money so that future generations can bare interest on it? Perhaps, yet if you look deep in your own heart, you’ll find something drives you to make this kind of contribution---something drives every human being to find a purpose that lives on after death.

Do you hope to memorialize your name? Have a name that is whispered with reverent awe? Do you hope to have your face carved upon 50 ft of granite rock? Is the answer really that simple? Is the purpose of lifetime contribution an ego-driven desire for a mortal being to have an immortal name or is it something more?

A child alive today will die tomorrow. A baby that had the potential to be the next Einstein will die from complication is at birth. The circumstances of life are not set in stone. We are not all meant to live life through to old age. We’ve grown to perceive life3 as a full cycle with a certain number of years in between. If all of those years aren’t lived out, it’s a tragedy. A tragedy because a human’s potential was never realized. A tragedy because a spark was snuffed out before it ever became a flame.

By virtue of inhabiting a body we accept these risks. We expose our mortal flesh to the laws of the physical environment around us. The trade off isn’t so bad when you think about it. The problem comes when we construct mortal fantasies of what life should be like. When life doesn’t conform to our fantasy we grow upset, frustrated, or depressed.

We are alive; let us live. We have the ability to experience; let us experience. We have the ability to learn; let us learn. The meaning of life can be grasped in a moment. A moment so brief it often evades our perception.

What meaning stands behind the dramatic unfolding of life? What single truth can we grasp and hang onto for dear life when all other truths around us seem to fade with time?

These moments are strung together in a series we call events. These events are strung together in a series we call life. When we seize the moment and bend it according to our will, a will driven by the spirit deep inside us, then we have discovered the meaning of life, a meaning for us that shall go on long after we depart this Earth.

译文:

给生命以意义

你有没有想过,你希望人们在你死后怎样评论你?你能否听到这样的说,“他是个伟大的人”或“人们的确会怀念她”,他们还会说些什么?

人生最奇异的现象之一就是,你从事的事业在你死后仍将长久存在。这和你用所的钱进行投资以便后人能从中获益不是如出一辙吗?也许,如果你审视自己的内心深处,你就会发现促使你做出这种贡献的驱动力-一种驱使每个人寻找在自己死后仍能继续存在的事业的驱动力。

你希望自己的名字被人记住吗?你希望别人提起你的名字时心怀敬畏吗?你希望自己的面容被雕刻在50英尺高的花岗岩上吗?答案真的那么简单吗?贡献一生的目的难道终将一死之人想要获得不朽名声的自我鞭策的欲望?抑或是其他更伟大的事物?

今天活着的孩子明天就会死去。一个有可能成为下一个爱因斯坦的婴儿会死于出生并发症。生命的情形并不是固定不变的。我们并没有注定都要活到老年。我们已经认识到,生命是一个周期,其时间长度是特定的。如果这些时间没有被充分利用,那就是个悲剧,因为人的潜能还未实现,因为火花还没形成火焰就被补灭。

由于存在于肉体之中,所以我们接受这些风险。我们使易朽的肉体服从周围物理环境的法则。你仔细想一想就会发现,这种交易并不是那么糟糕。当我们幻想生命应该如何时,问题就来了。当生命和我们的幻想不一致时,我们就变得烦恼,无奈或沮丧。

我们活着,那我们就要活得精彩;我们有能力体验,那我们就要体验人生甘苦;我们有能力学习,那我们就要在学海徜徉。生命的意义可以在一瞬间抓住-一个经常被我们忽略的短暂瞬间。

当生命戏剧般地一幕幕拉开时,其中隐含的意义是什么?当我们周围所有其他都似乎随着时间而消逝时,我们能够掌握哪个真理并依靠它来生活呢?

这些瞬间串联在一起,我们称之为事件。这些事件串联系在一起, 我们称之为生活。当我们抓住那个瞬间并按照我们的意志来改变它-这意志受到我们内心深处的精神的驱使,我们就发现了生命的意义-这意义将在我们离开地球之后长久存在。

今生你已不可取代

As a teenager, I felt I was always letting people down. I was rebellious outside, but I wanted to be liked inside.

当我还是个10几岁的少年的时候,觉得自己总是让人失望。从外表上看,我似乎很叛逆,但是在内心深处,我是如此地渴望被人疼爱。

Once I left home to hitch-hike2 to California with my friend Penelope. The trip wasn’t easy,and there were many times I didn’t feel safe. One situation in particular kept me grateful to still be alive. When I returned home, I was different, not so outwardly sure of myself.

有一次我离开了家和我的朋友佩内洛普搭便车去了加利福尼亚。这次旅行并不轻松,而且有很多次我感觉不安。有一次的突发状况让我一直庆幸自己还活着。回到家,我发觉自己变了,看上去不那么自信了。

I was happy to be home. But then I noticed that Penelope,who was staying with us,was wearing my clothes. And my family seemed to like her better than me. I wondered if I would be missed if I weren’t there. I told my mom, and she explained that though Penelope was a lovely girl, no one could replace me. I pointed out,” She is more patient and is neater than I have ever been.” My mom said these were wonderful qualities, but I was the only person who could fill my role. She made me realize that even with my faults—and there were many-I was a loved member of the family who couldn’t be replaced.

我很高兴能回到家,但不久我注意到和我们一起的佩内洛普穿着我的衣服,而且我父母看上去更喜欢她,我想知道如果我不在家的话他们是否会想念我。后来,我把我的想法告诉了母亲,她说尽管佩内洛普是个可爱的女孩,但她始终不能取代我,我说:“她比我有耐心而且无论何时看上去她都比我要整洁大方。”母亲说这些都是非常好的优点,但我却是惟一个能扮演好自己角色的人。母亲让我感到尽管我有缺点———似乎还很多———但是,我被家中每一个人爱着,谁也无法取代。

I became a searcher, wanting to find out who I was and what made me unique. My view of myself was changing. I wanted a solid base to start from. I started to resist3 pressure to act in ways that I didn’t like any more, and I was delighted by who I really was. I came to feel much more sure that no one can ever take my place.

我成了一个探寻者,想要知道自己到底是谁,又是什么让我变得独一无二。我的人生观开始改变。我需要一个坚固的基础来发展,我忍受住压力,不再做自己不喜欢做的事。而且我为真实的我感到高兴。渐渐地我越发肯定自己无可替代。

Each of us holds a unique place in the world. You are special, no matter what others say or what you may think. So forget about being replaced. You can’t be.

每个人在这个世界上都占有一个独一无二的位置。无论别人说什么,你自己怎么想,你都是特别的。所以,不要担心自己会被取代,因为你永远是惟一的。

做最好的自己 To be the Best of Yourself

If you can't be a pine on the top of the hill,

如果你当不成山巅的一棵劲松,

Be a scrub in the valley---but be

就做山谷里的小树吧---但务必

The best little scrub by the side of the rill;

做溪流边最棒的一棵小树;

Be a bush if you can't be a tree.

当不了树就做一丛灌木,

If you can't be a bush be a bit of grass--

当不成灌木还可以做小草--但务必

And some highway happier make.

做路边最快乐的一株小草。

If you can't be a muskie then just be a bass--

如果你不是大梭鱼就做一尾鲈鱼吧,

But the liveliest bass in the lake!

但要做湖里最活泼的小鲈鱼!

We can't all be captains, we've got to be crew,

我们不能都做船长,必须有人当船员,

There's something for all of us here,

可每个人都有自己的事儿,

There's big work to do, and there's lesser to do,

有的事情大,有的事情小,

And the task you must do is the near.

而你要完成的任务就近在咫尺。

If you can't be a highway then just be a trail,

如果你不能做大道就做一条小径,

If you can't be the sun be a star;

若是不能做太阳就做星星;

It isn't by size that you win or you fail--

决定成败的不是你的大小--

Be the best of whatever you are!

做最好的自己!

建议去看一看新概念2吧~美文不是太实用,还是多看各种类别的文章比较好!~

happy DayIt was sunny and very hot today. I got up early and helped my parents cook breakfast. Then I washed the dishes and cleaned the room. After a short rest I did my homework in the morning. In the afternoon I went swimming in the nearest swimming pool with my friends. It was really cool to swim in such a hot day. I surfed the internet and read a storybook in the evening. I really had a busy and happy day. 今天天气晴朗比较热。 我起得很早,帮父母做早饭。然后我洗碗打扫屋子。休息一会后我上午做作业。 下午我和朋友去我家最近的游泳池游泳。 在如此炎热的夏天游泳的确很棒。 晚上我上网、看故事书。我今天很忙过得很快乐。2.给笔友的一封信Dear LucyI am very glad to hear from you. Now let me introduce myself to you. My name is Li Lei. I am eleven years old. I am tall with a pair of glasses. Now I am studying at Yuying Primary School. I am in Class One,Grade 5. I like singing and playing the piano very much. I am good at English and Chinese. 很高兴收到你的来信。现在让我介绍我自己。我叫李雷。11岁。我高个子、带眼镜。 我在育英小学。我在五年级一班。我非常喜欢唱歌和弹钢琴。我数学和语文学得都很好。3。暑假打算I will have a busy summer vacation. I am going to do my homework every day . I am going to the library to borrow some books and go to the shops to buy some am going to do sports such as playing table tennis, swimming and so on. I am going to visit my grandparents and stay there for a week. I am going to help my parents do some housework. 我暑假会很忙。 我每天要写作业。 我打算去图书馆去借书、去商店买书。我要做运动,如:打乒乓球、游泳等。我要去看爷爷奶奶并在那住一周。我要帮父母做家务。 4.自我介绍Hello, everyone. My name is Kelly. I am friendly and am good at English and maths. I like surfing the internet,playing computer games, watching TV and traveling. I also like playing table tennis and I am good at it ,too. I often play table tennis with my friends on weekends. And I want to be a famous table tennis player when I grow up. What I like most is to see the seagulls flying freely in the sky so I often go to the sea in summer. My favourite colour is white because I think white is symbolize purity. 大家好 我的名字叫KELLY .我很友好、诚实。我擅长英语和数学。 我爱上网、玩电脑网络游戏、看电视 和旅游。我也喜欢打乒乓球。我经常和朋友们在周末打乒乓球,长大了我想当一个乒乓球运动员。最喜欢在海边看着海鸥自由自在的飞翔,因此在夏天我经常去海边。白色是我的最爱。因为我觉得白色是纯洁的象征。 nice SundayIt is Sunday and it is a fine day today. We come to the People Park with our English teacher who came from Canada. Look ! Tom and other five boys are playing football. Cina and some girl students are flying kites. Alice and I are taking photos near the park. Alice and we are very happy. Alice helps us a lot with our English. 今天是星期天,天气晴朗。我们和来自Canada的英语老师Alice来到人民公园。瞧,Tom和五个男同学在踢球;Cina和一些女同学在放风筝;我和Alice正在公园附近拍照。Alice和我们都非常高兴。Alice在英语方面帮助了我们很多。 National Day holidayOn National Day holiday, I went to Lake Tai with my family . We played a lot of things and had a lot of delicious food there . On Monday we went fishing . I fished a big fish . It’s red . Oh , we also rode a horse too . The horse I rode was very strong and handsome . It can run very fast . On Tuesday we went to a farm . we got some fresh food there and cooked by ourselves . We cooked vegetables, fish and chicken soup . Then we tasted them together . Mmm , how fresh and yummy ! We all had a big meal . We had a lot of fun and enjoyed our holidays there . I’d like to visit there again .在国庆假期,我去了太湖和家人在一起。我们玩了很多的东西,而且有很多好吃的食物。星期一,我们去钓鱼。我掏出一条大鱼。它是红色的。哦,我们也骑一匹马。我骑这匹马很健美。它能跑得非常快。星期二我们去一个农场。我们有一些新鲜食品、煮熟的。我们煮蔬菜、鱼、鸡汤。然后我们尝起来。嗯,多么新鲜好吃!我们都有一顿丰盛的大餐。 我们玩得很开心,享受我们的假期。我很想再去那儿。 8. My Chinese Teacher Of all the subjects, I like Chinese best because I have a good Chinese teacher. Though she has been teaching us for only three years, I respect and love her very much. My Chinese teacher is thirty-six years old and she is neither tall nor short. Ms Sun works very hard. She is always the first to come and the last to leave her office. She tries to make her classes lively and interesting. And we enjoy her lessons very much. Ms Sun is very kind and friendly to us. And we’re getting on well with each other. But she is very strict with us in our studies. Ms Sun teaches us so well that we all enjoy learning Chinese. All the students think she is one of the most popular teachers in our school在所有的科目中,我最喜欢的是语文,因为我有一个很好的中文老师。尽管她已经教我们只有3年,我很爱她。 我的中文老师是36岁,她既不高也不矮。 孙老师工作得很努力。她总是第一个来,最后一个离开办公室。她试图使她的课上得生动有趣。我们喜欢她的课非常多。 老师很仁慈,女士对我们很友好。和我们相处。但是,她对我们要求很严格在我们的研究中。 孙老师教我们这么好,以致于我们大家都喜欢学习汉语。所有的学生都认为她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师。 beauty comes from learning, growing, and loving in the ways of life. That is the Art of Life. You can learn slowly, and sometimes painfully, by just waiting for life to happen to you. Or you can choose to accelerate your growth and intentionally devour life and all it offers. You are the artist that paints your future with the brush of today. 真正的美丽源于生命里的学习、成长和热爱。这就是生命的艺术。你可以只听天由命, 慢慢地学,有时候或许会很痛苦。又或许你可以选择加速自己的成长,故意地挥霍生活及其提供的一切。你就是手握今日之刷描绘自己未来的艺术家。 believe that we are not real social workers. We may be doing social work in the eyes of the people, but we are really contemplatives[修行者、沉思冥想的人] in the heart of the world. For we are touching the body of Christ twenty-four hours…And I think that in our family we don't need bombs and guns, to destroy, to bring peace, just get together, love one another, bring that peace, that joy, that strength of presence of each other in the home. And we will be able to overcome all the evil that is in the world. 我想,我们算不上真正的社会工作者。在人们的眼中,或许我们是在做社会工作,但实际上,我们真的只是世界中心的修行者。因为,一天24小时,我们都在触摸基督的圣体。我想,在我们的大家庭时,我们不需要枪支和炮弹来破坏和平,或带来和平――我们只需要团结起来,彼此相爱,将和平、欢乐以及每一个家庭成员灵魂的活力都带回世界。这样,我们就能战胜世界上现存的一切邪恶。 I've learned anything, I've learned a person - any person - can do just about anything they set their mind to do. The only thing you need is a willingness to work for what you want, patience to learn what you need to know, and just a little bit of belief in yourself. The most important of these is belief in yourself, but you only need a seed. Your faith in yourself will grow with you as you move forward. 如果说我确实明白了一些事情,那就是一个人,任何一个人,所能做到的就是他专心一意去做的事。你唯一需要的只有为愿望而努力的意志、学习所需知识的耐心和一点点自信,其中最重要的就是自信。你只需播下一粒种子,自信就会随着你的进步而成长壮大。 can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve it. In this way, you will know how to arrange your time and to spend your time properly. And you should also have a belief that you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time. 你可以试着把你的目标写在纸上,并制定实现目标的计划。这样,你就会懂得如何合理安排时间,如何正确地支配时间。而且你还要有这样的信念:只要你一直坚持自己的方向,你就一定可以成功。 is good, my name is called He xuan, my English name is called Angle. Everybody knew that Angle is the angel meaning, I hoped that I forever can look like the angel equally happily, joyful, is carefree all day! I in the sixth grade, faced with rose the middle school now, father and mother, grandfather paternal grandmother, teacher schoolmates place the very big expectation to me, I will certainly not disappoint their expectation, will study diligently, passes an examination junior middle school's key class! In the future will become social a person of great ability and tremendous potential, will make the contribution for the motherland! 大家好,我的名字叫何璇,我的英文名字叫Angle。大家知道吗,Angle是天使的意思,我希望我永远都会像天使一样开开心心,快快乐乐,整天无忧无虑的!我现在上六年级了,面临升中学了,爸爸妈妈,爷爷奶奶,老师同学都给我寄予很大的期望。我一定不会辜负他们的期望,努力学习,考上初中的重点班!将来成为社会的栋梁之才,为祖国做出贡献!

Children’s Song 作者:.托马斯Welive in our own world,A world that is too smallFor you to stoop and enterEven on hands and knees,The adult though you probe and pryWith analytic eye,And eavesdrop all our talkWith an amused look,You cannot find the centreWhere we dance, where we play,Where life is still asleepUnder the closed flower,Under the smooth shellOf eggs in the cupped nestThat mock the faded blueOf your remoter heaven.孩子们的歌我们生活在自己的世界,一个对你们而言太小的世界,即使手脚并用俯下身子,你们也难以进来。成年人的托辞。即使你们用善于分析的眼睛去探究、窥视,用愉快的表情去偷听我们所有的谈话,你们仍然不能找到那个中心,在那里,我们跳舞,我们玩耍,生命仍在酣睡,在那紧闭的花朵下,在那光滑的蛋壳下,杯状的巢内的蛋,嘲笑着你们那更为遥远的天堂中褪色的忧郁。

英语阅读文章短篇

阅读是 学习英语 的基础,对于 英语学习 者来说培养自己的阅读能力十分重要,下面我为大家带来 英语阅读 短文摘抄,欢迎大家阅读!

In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. This platform would serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low. He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. Forty-two years later a tunnel was actually begun. If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed. The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel. It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.

1858,法国工程师,托梅二十一公里,计划到了英国一个长21英里隧道的英语频道。他说,这将有可能建立一个平台的中心通道。这个平台将用作码头和火车站。隧道通风良好如果高大的烟囱状海拔。1860,提出了一个更好的计划由一个英国人,威廉低。他提议建一条双轨隧道。这将解决通风问题,因为如果一列火车开进隧道,它就把新鲜空气的背后。四十二年后,隧道真的开始。如果,当时,英国不害怕入侵的话,它会被完成。世界不得不再等将近100年的英吉利海峡隧道。这是3月71994正式开通,将英国与欧洲大陆的。

Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and if very popular at parties. Everybody admires him for his great sense of humour -- everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. Recently, one of Jeremy's closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves. He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. he had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. Jeremy was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. To his surprise, she said she hadn't. Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him!

杰瑞米汉普登有一大群朋友如果很受欢迎的人。人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感--人人,就是说,除他6岁的女儿珍妮。最近,杰瑞米的一个最亲密的朋友请他在一个婚礼上祝词。这是杰瑞米所喜欢的那种事。他认真准备了讲稿,带着珍妮去婚礼。他包含了很多有趣的 故事 ,并在讲话,当然,这是一个巨大的成功。他刚一讲完,珍妮就告诉他说她想回家。杰瑞米因此感到有点扫兴,但他还是按照女儿的要求做了。在回家的路上,他问珍妮是否喜欢演讲。使他吃惊的是,她说她不喜欢。杰瑞米问她为什么不,她告诉他,她不愿意看到那么多的人嘲笑他!

Firemen had been fighting the forest for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.

消防队员与森林大火搏斗了近三个星期才把火势控制。不久之前,高大的树木覆盖着方圆数英里的土地。现在,仍然升腾着烟雾,弥漫在荒凉的山丘上温暖地面。冬季即将来临,山丘对周围的村庄具有毁灭性的威胁,因为大雨不仅会冲走土壤,而且还会引起严重的水灾,以及。在大火最后被扑灭后,森林管理当局订购了好几吨特殊类型的草籽生长迅速。这种草籽大量地飞机。飞机撒播近一个月,当它开始下雨。当时,然而,很多地方的草已经生了根。在地方的大树已经生长了许多世纪的补丁绿色开始出现在这片烧焦的土地。

英语阅读短文摘抄相关 文章 :

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2. 100字英语美文摘抄

3. 英语美文摘抄阅读

4. 经典英语美文阅读摘抄

5. 晨读英语美文精选摘抄

英语阅读小短文五篇

英语阅读:AnEmptyBox

Once upon a time, a man punished his 5-year-old daughter for using up the family's only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper. Money was tight, and he became even more upset when on Christmas Eve, he saw that the child had pasted the gold paper so as to decorate a shoebox to put under the Christmas tree.

Nevertheless, the next morning the little girl, filled with excitement, brought the gift box to her father and said, "This is for you, Daddy!"

As he opened the box, the father was embarrassed by his earlier overreaction.

But when he opened it, he found it was empty and again his anger flared. "Don't you know, young lady, " he said harshly, "when you give someone a present there's supposed to be something inside the package!"

The little girl looked up at him with tears rolling from her eyes and said: "Daddy, it's not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was all full."

The father was crushed. He fell on his knees and put his arms around his precious little girl. He begged her to forgive him for his unnecessary anger.

An accident took the life of the child only a short time later. It is told that the father kept that little gold box by his bed for all the years of his life. Whenever he was discouraged or faced difficult problems he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child who had put it there.

In a very real sense, each of us as human beings have been given an invisible golden box filled with unconditional love and kisses from our children, family, friends and God.

There is no more precious possession anyone could hold.

英语阅读:HappinessEquateswithFun?

I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.

Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion.

Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.

I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful inpiduals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells "happiness".

But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, profound loneliness.

The way people cling to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually diminishes their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very endeavors that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, civic or charitable work, and self-improvement.

英语阅读:TodayisaGift

Two men, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. One man was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. His bed was next to the room‘s only window. The other man had to spend all his time flat on his back. The men talked for hours on end.

They spoke of their wives and families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, where they had been on vacation. And every afternoon when the man in the bed by the window could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window. The man in the other bed began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.

The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amidst flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees graced the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As the man by the window described all this in exquisite detail, the man on the other side of the room would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scene.

One warm afternoon the man by the window described a parade passing by. Although the other man couldn‘t hear the band - he could see it in his mind‘s eye as the gentleman by the window portrayed it with descriptive words.

Days and weeks passed. One morning, the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of the man by the window, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.

As soon as it seemed appropriate, the other man asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone. Slowly and painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself. He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall.

The man asked the nurse what could have compelled his deceased roommate who had described such wonderful things outside this window. The nurse responded that the man was blind and could not even see the wall. She said, "Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you."

英语阅读:IsPackingImportanttoYou?

A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a dealer's showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.

As Graduation Day approached, the young man awaited signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study. His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat disappointed, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather-bound Bible, with the young man's name embossed in gold.

Angrily, he raised his voice to his father and said, "With all your money you give me a Bible?" He then stormed out of the house, leaving the Bible.

Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and a wonderful family, but realizing his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make the arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.

When he arrived at his father's house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his father's important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago.

With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the Bible. It had a tag with the dealer's name, the same dealer who had the sports car he had desired. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words… "PAID IN FULL".

How many times do we miss blessings because they are not packaged as we expected? I trust you enjoyed this. Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; but remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for. Sometimes we don't realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect "the packaging" to be different. What may appear as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.

英语阅读:TheBabyEagle

Once upon a time there was a baby eagle living in a nest perched on a cliff overlooking a beautiful valley with waterfalls and streams, trees and lots of little animals, scurrying about enjoying their lives.

The baby eagle liked the nest. It was the only world he had ever known. It was warm and comfortable, had a great view, and even better, he had all the food and love and attention that a great mother eagle could provide. Many times each day the mother would swoop down from the sky and land in the nest and feed the baby eagle delicious morsels of food. She was like a god to him, he had no idea where she came from or how she worked her magic.

The baby eagle was hungry all the time, but the mother eagle would always come just in time with the food and love and attention he craved. The baby eagle grew strong. His vision grew very sharp. He felt good all the time.

Until one day, the mother stopped coming to the nest.

The baby eagle was hungry. "I'm sure to die," said the baby eagle, all the time.

"Very soon, death is coming," he cried, with tears streaming down his face. Over and over. But there was no one there to hear him.

Then one day the mother eagle appeared at the top of the mountain cliff, with a big bowl of delicious food and she looked down at her baby. The baby looked up at the mother and cried "Why did you abandon me? I'm going to die any minute. How could you do this to me?"

The mother said, "Here is some very tasty and nourishing food, all you have to do is come get it."

"Come get it!" said the baby, with much anger. "How?"

The mother flew away.

The baby cried and cried and cried.

A few days later, "I'm going to end it all," he said. "I give up. It is time for me to die."

He didn't know his mother was nearby. She swooped down to the nest with his last meal.

"Eat this, it's your last meal," she said.

The baby cried, but he ate and whined and whined about what a bad mother she was.

"You're a terrible mother," he said. Then she pushed him out of the nest.

He fell.

Head first.

Picked up speed.

Faster and faster.

He screamed. "I'm dying I'm dying," he cried. He picked up more speed.

He looked up at his mother. "How could you do this to me?"

He looked down.

The ground rushed closer, faster and faster. He could visualize his own death so clearly, coming so soon, and cried and whined and complained. "This isn't fair!" he screamed.

Something strange happens.

The air caught behind his arms and they snapped away from his body, with a feeling unlike anything he had ever experienced. He looked down and saw the sky. He wasn't moving towards the ground anymore, his eyes were pointed up at the sun.

"Huh?" he said. "What is going on here!"

"You're flying," his mother said.

"This is fun!" laughed the baby eagle, as he soared and ped and swooped.

"Yes it is!" said the mother.

英语短文写作是大学英语教学的重要组成部分,也是衡量学生英语综合水平和应用能力的标准。下面是我带来的英语短篇 文章 ,欢迎阅读!

英语短篇文章1

11 Body Hacks that You Should Know About

Have you got any tiny itchy issues with your body sometimes but don’t know how to deal with them? Say how to kill the brain freeze or what to do when your limbs fall asleep? The following 11 body hacks will help you get the issues fixed.

1. To lessen the pain when you have an injection from the doctor, cough!

Studies have shown that the act of a sudden cough cause less pain to a person while having the injection.

2. Push your tongue against the roof of your mouth and press a finger between your eyebrows if you want to clear a stuffy nose or relieve the sinus pressure.

This causes the vomer bone to rock and your congestion will be loosened.

3. Lay on your left side if you want to sleep after having a big full meal.

The stomach is higher than the oesophagus when you sleep on your right; thus allowing food and stomach acid to go up to your throat.

4. If you have a toothache, rub some ice on the on the webbed area between your thumb and index finger.

By numbing your hand, your pain intensity will be reduced.

5. When you have a nosebleed, put some cotton on your upper gums behind the small dent below your nose and press on it.

By giving pressure on the gums, the supply of the blood to the nose can be blocked.

6. If your throat is a little itchy, scratch your ear.

By doing so, you stimulate the nerves in the ear and create a reflex in the throat which causes a muscle spasm that kills the itchy feeling.

7. Use your right ear to listen to the phone or hear people talk at a party.

Your right ear picks up words better while your left ear picks up sounds/music better.

8. If you start to feel dizzy and drunk, put your hand on something hard and stable.

Putting your hand on a stable subject help you feel more balance.

9. Putting your tongue flat against your mouth’s roof can prevent brain freeze.

This is because brain freeze happens when the nerves in your mouth’s roof get too cold.

10. If your hand falls asleep, move your neck and head.

The compressing nerves in your neck causes your hand to fall asleep, so move it side to side can relieve that.

11. If you feel nervous, try to blow your thumb.

Blowing cool wind to your thumb can slow down its pulse and calm you down eventually.

英语短篇文章2

15 Things You Might Have Misunderstood About Introverts

Introverts are a misunderstood bunch. Compared to extroverts, they think differently, act differently, and even look differently when they interact with people. But there are a lot of misconceptions about what it means to be “introverted.” Here are 15 of them:

Misconception #1: Introverts are shy.

Being “shy” and “introverted” are two completely different things. Introverts are not necessarily shy or afraid of people. They don’t just don’t prefer talking for the sake of talking.

Misconception #2: Introverts are unemotional.

Introverts may not show emotion with their facial expressions and gestures, but this doesn’t mean they’re not interested in what you’re saying. Introverts prefer to control their emotions around others and internalize them. Although someone who’s introverted may not appear engaged, this is usually not the case.

Misconception #3: Introverts don’t like working in groups.

Introverts often do their best work alone, so co-workers may misunderstand them and think they don’t want to partake in group work. While introverts do have a tendency to shut down in larger groups of people when they feel like their voice isn’t being heard, introverts excel in small group situations and enjoy working in these types of environments, as long as their opinion is valued.

Misconception #4: Introverts don’t like talking.

It’s not that introverts don’t like to talk, it’s that they prefer to listen before they talk. Introverts choose their words carefully and they think small talk is a waste of time. But, they’re more than willing to engage you in a deep conversation about topics they’re passionate about.

Misconception #5: Introverts are scared to look you in the eye.

In general, introverts may not make eye contact with you as much as extroverts. This is because they don’t feel the need to partake in social norms and rituals as much as extroverts, not because they’re “scared.”

Misconception #6: All introverts are poor public speakers.

Some introverts may not like speaking in large group settings; however, many introverts are naturally gifted speakers. And, introverts generally spend more time preparing for speeches and presentations rather than “flying by the seat of their pants.”

Misconception #7: Introverts just want to be left alone.

While it’s true that introverts prefer to “re-charge” with some quiet time reading or reflecting, they also crave human interaction and enjoy the company of others.

Misconception #8: Introverts over-analyze everything.

Introverts like to analyze situations and consider all possible scenarios before making decisions. Sometimes this can lead to “analysis paralysis,” but in general, it’s a positive trait that allows them to make tough decisions with a rational stream of thought.

Misconception #8: Introverts don’t like to go out in public.

False. Introverts may not be comfortable in crowded spaces, but they love experiencing new places, people, and things.

Misconception #9: Introverts are high strung.

The opposite is actually true. Introverts tend to be much more even-keeled and level than extroverts. They are able to objectively view all scenarios, even during times of stress.

Misconception #10: Introverts are underachievers.

Because we have such an affinity for the charismatic, personable, extroverted leader, some people assume that introverts are underachievers compared to extroverts. However, there are millions of successful introverted scientists, artists, physicians, writers, and philosophers. Achievement is not necessarily related to personality type.

Misconception #11: Introverts can “break out of their shell” and become extroverts.

Introversion is an inborn personality type that you can’t change. Many people falsely believe that introverts can (or want to) “unlearn” their quiet, passive tendencies.

Misconception #12: Introverts are rude.

Introverts get a bad rap because they don’t show emotion like extroverts do. This causes people to misunderstand them and mistake their stone-face demeanor for rudeness, which isn’t the case.

Misconception #13: Introverts are no fun.

Introverts are all about having a good time–they just prefer environments that are quieter and more low-key. They don’t mind going to parties, but they prefer to spend time socializing in their inner circle of friends.

Misconception #14: Introverts don’t make good leaders.

Introverts can be quiet but confident leaders. They are particularly effective at managing extroverts because they’re good listeners and don’t compete with them.

Misconception #15: Extroverts are happier than introverts.

Happiness has nothing to do with one’s personality type. There are happy and unhappy extroverts just like introverts. Personality type does not pre-dispose you to be unhappy.

Have you ever been misunderstood because of your personality type? If so, I’d love to hear from you below!

英语短篇文章3

Introverts are a misunderstood bunch. Compared to extroverts, they think differently, act differently, and even look differently when they interact with people. But there are a lot of misconceptions about what it means to be “introverted.” Here are 15 of them:

Misconception #1: Introverts are shy.

Being “shy” and “introverted” are two completely different things. Introverts are not necessarily shy or afraid of people. They don’t just don’t prefer talking for the sake of talking.

Misconception #2: Introverts are unemotional.

Introverts may not show emotion with their facial expressions and gestures, but this doesn’t mean they’re not interested in what you’re saying. Introverts prefer to control their emotions around others and internalize them. Although someone who’s introverted may not appear engaged, this is usually not the case.

Misconception #3: Introverts don’t like working in groups.

Introverts often do their best work alone, so co-workers may misunderstand them and think they don’t want to partake in group work. While introverts do have a tendency to shut down in larger groups of people when they feel like their voice isn’t being heard, introverts excel in small group situations and enjoy working in these types of environments, as long as their opinion is valued.

Misconception #4: Introverts don’t like talking.

It’s not that introverts don’t like to talk, it’s that they prefer to listen before they talk. Introverts choose their words carefully and they think small talk is a waste of time. But, they’re more than willing to engage you in a deep conversation about topics they’re passionate about.

Misconception #5: Introverts are scared to look you in the eye.

In general, introverts may not make eye contact with you as much as extroverts. This is because they don’t feel the need to partake in social norms and rituals as much as extroverts, not because they’re “scared.”

Misconception #6: All introverts are poor public speakers.

Some introverts may not like speaking in large group settings; however, many introverts are naturally gifted speakers. And, introverts generally spend more time preparing for speeches and presentations rather than “flying by the seat of their pants.”

Misconception #7: Introverts just want to be left alone.

While it’s true that introverts prefer to “re-charge” with some quiet time reading or reflecting, they also crave human interaction and enjoy the company of others.

Misconception #8: Introverts over-analyze everything.

Introverts like to analyze situations and consider all possible scenarios before making decisions. Sometimes this can lead to “analysis paralysis,” but in general, it’s a positive trait that allows them to make tough decisions with a rational stream of thought.

Misconception #8: Introverts don’t like to go out in public.

False. Introverts may not be comfortable in crowded spaces, but they love experiencing new places, people, and things.

Misconception #9: Introverts are high strung.

The opposite is actually true. Introverts tend to be much more even-keeled and level than extroverts. They are able to objectively view all scenarios, even during times of stress.

Misconception #10: Introverts are underachievers.

Because we have such an affinity for the charismatic, personable, extroverted leader, some people assume that introverts are underachievers compared to extroverts. However, there are millions of successful introverted scientists, artists, physicians, writers, and philosophers. Achievement is not necessarily related to personality type.

Misconception #11: Introverts can “break out of their shell” and become extroverts.

Introversion is an inborn personality type that you can’t change. Many people falsely believe that introverts can (or want to) “unlearn” their quiet, passive tendencies.

Misconception #12: Introverts are rude.

Introverts get a bad rap because they don’t show emotion like extroverts do. This causes people to misunderstand them and mistake their stone-face demeanor for rudeness, which isn’t the case.

Misconception #13: Introverts are no fun.

Introverts are all about having a good time–they just prefer environments that are quieter and more low-key. They don’t mind going to parties, but they prefer to spend time socializing in their inner circle of friends.

Misconception #14: Introverts don’t make good leaders.

Introverts can be quiet but confident leaders. They are particularly effective at managing extroverts because they’re good listeners and don’t compete with them.

Misconception #15: Extroverts are happier than introverts.

Happiness has nothing to do with one’s personality type. There are happy and unhappy extroverts just like introverts. Personality type does not pre-dispose you to be unhappy.

Have you ever been misunderstood because of your personality type? If so, I’d love to hear from you below!

初中阅读理解文章100篇

中考课内文言文目录1.孔子语录 2.鱼我所欲也 孟子3.生于忧患,死于安乐 孟子4.曹刿论战 左传5.邹忌讽齐王纳谏 战国策6.出师表 诸葛亮 7.桃花源记 陶潜8.三峡 郦道元 9.杂说(四) 韩愈10.陋室铭 刘禹锡11.小石潭记 柳宗元12.岳阳楼记 范仲淹13.醉翁亭记 欧阳修14.爱莲说 周敦颐15.记承天寺夜游 苏轼16.送东阳马生序(节选) 宋濂中考文言文题目题型 第一类 文言文字词 考点分析 考点详解 一、文言文实词 二、文言文虚词 方法揭秘 一、联系语境 二、存疑对照 三、注重积累、找寻规律 附录一 常考实词清单 附录二 常考虚词清单第二类 文言文断句 考点分析 考点详解 一、文言文朗读节奏 二、文言文断句 方法揭秘 一、整体感知,自然断句 二、把握词义,准确断句 三、借助语法,合理断句 附录 文言文句式第三类 文言文翻译 考点分析 考点详解 一、落实重要实词 二、把握句式特点 三、领会语句大意 四、关注文句语气 疗法揭秘 一、文言翻译的基本要求:信、达、雅 二、文言翻译的基本方法第四类 文言文内容理解与鉴赏第五类 文言文综合训练。

1.芒山盗 宣和间,芒山有盗临刑,母亲与之诀(jué)。

盗对母云:“愿如儿时一吮母乳,死且无憾。”母与之乳,盗啮断 *** ,流血满地,母死。

盗因告刑者曰:“吾少也,盗一菜一薪,吾母见而喜之,以至不检,遂有今日。故恨杀之。”

呜呼!异矣,夫语“教子婴孩”,不虚也!翻译下面的句子。(1) 吾少也,盗一菜一薪,吾母见而喜之,以至不检,遂有今日(2) 夫语“教子婴孩”不虚也!对下列句中的加点词的意义判断正确的一项是。

(1)芒山有盗临刑 (3)愿如儿时一吮母乳(2)盗一菜一薪 (4)母与之乳A、(1)与(2)相同,(3)与(4)不同B、(1)与(2)不同,(3)与(4)也不同C、(1)与(2)相同,(3)与(4)也相同D、(1)与(2)不同,(3)与(4)相同这个故事留给我们的启示是?2.师旷论学晋平公问于师旷曰:“吾年七十,欲学,恐已暮矣。”师旷曰:“何不炳烛乎?” 平公曰:“安有为人臣而戏其君乎?” 师旷曰:“盲臣安敢戏其君?臣闻之:少而好学,如日出之阳;壮而好学,如日中之光;老而好学,如炳烛之明,孰与昧行乎?” 平公曰:“善哉!” 翻译文中句子。

1安有为人臣而戏其君乎? 2老而好学,如炳烛之明。炳烛之明,孰与昧行乎?下列句子中“之”字用法不同的一项是( ) A、臣闻之 B、如日出之光 C、默而识之 D、学而时习之 这则短文告诉人们一个什么道理?3.衰溺永之氓咸善游,一日,水暴甚,有五六氓乘小船绝湘水。

中济,船破,皆游。其一氓尽力而不能寻常。

其侣曰:“汝善游最也,今何后为?”曰:“吾腰千钱,重,是以后。”曰:“何不去之?”不应,摇其首。

有顷益怠。已济者立岸上呼且号曰:“汝愚之甚,蔽之甚,身且死,何以货为?”又摇其首,遂溺死。

吾哀之。且若是,得不有大货之溺大氓者乎? 翻译下面的句子。

1.中济,船破,皆游。2.且若是,得不有大货之溺大氓者乎? 这个故事留给我们的启示是?4.七录溥幼好学,所读书必手钞,钞已朗诵一过,即焚之,又钞,如是者六七始已。

右手握管处,指掌成茧。冬日手皲日沃汤数次,后名读书之斋曰:“七录”。

翻译下面的句子。1.如是者六七始已2.后名读书这斋曰“七录”对下列句中加点的词的意义判断正确的一项是( )①后名读书之斋曰:“七录” ②名之者谁③不能名其一处也 ④山不在高,有仙则名A.①与②相同,③与④也相同B.①与②不相同,③与④也不相同C.①与②相同,③与④不相D.①与②不相同,③与④相同5.害群之马黄帝将见大隗乎具茨之山,方明为御,昌寓骖乘,张若、謵朋前马,昆阍、滑稽后车;至于襄城之野,七圣皆迷,无所问涂。

适遇牧马童子,问涂焉,曰:“若知具茨之山乎?”曰:“然。”“若知大隗之所存乎?”曰:“然。”

黄帝曰:“异哉小童!非徒知具茨之山,又知大隗之所存。请问为天下。”

小童曰:“夫为天下者,亦若此而已矣,又奚事焉!予少而自游于六合之内,予适有瞀病,有长者教予曰:‘若乘日之车而游于襄城之野。’今予病少痊,予又且复游于六合之外。

夫为天下亦若此而已。予又奚事焉!”黄帝曰:“夫为天下者,则诚非吾子之事。

虽然,请问为天下。”小童辞。

黄帝又问。小童曰:“夫为天下者,亦奚以异乎牧马者哉!亦去其害马者而已矣!”黄帝再拜稽首,称天师而退。

翻译下面的句子。1.夫为天下者,亦奚以异乎牧马者哉?2.黄帝再拜稽首,称天师而退。

选出下列句中加点词解释错误的一项。A.适遇牧马童子(适合) B.问涂焉(通“途”,路) C.亦去其害马者而已矣(罢了) D.黄帝再拜稽首(第二次)读了这篇文章你得到什么启示?6.曾参教子曾子之妻之市,其子随之而泣。

其母曰:“女还,顾反,为女杀彘。” 妻适市来,曾子欲捕彘杀之。

妻止之曰:“特与婴儿戏耳!” 曾子曰:“婴儿非与戏也。婴儿非有知也,待父母而学者也,听父母之教。

今子欺之,是教子欺也。母欺子而不信其母,非以成教也。”

遂烹彘也解释下列句子。1婴儿非与戏也。

婴儿非有知也,待父母而学者也,听父母之教。2母欺子,子而不信其母,非所以成教也。

曾子对妻子说的话,主要阐述了什么观点?7.盲人坠桥 有盲子道涸溪,桥上失坠,两手攀楯,兢兢握固,自分失手必堕深渊矣。过者告之曰:“勿怖,第放下,即实地也。”

盲子不信,操楯长号,久之,力惫,失手坠地。乃自哂三声,曰:“嘻!蚤知即实地,何久自苦耶?” 夫大道甚夷,沉空守寂,执一隅以自矜严者,视此省哉!解释下列句子。

1.蚤知即实地,何久自苦耶?2.夫大道甚夷,沉空守寂,执一隅以自矜严者,视此省哉!读了这篇文章你得到什么启示?8.外科医有医者,自称善外科。一裨将阵回,中流矢,深入膜内,延使治。

乃持并州剪,剪去矢管,跪而请谢。裨将曰:“簇在膜内者须亟治。”

医曰:“此外科事,不意并责我。”解释下列句子。

1.乃持并州剪,剪去矢管,跪而请谢。2.此外科事,不意并责我。

本文写外科医生的可笑,讽刺了什么?9.苛政猛子虎孔子过泰山侧,有妇人哭于墓者而哀。夫子式而听之,使子路问之,曰:“子之哭也,壹似重有忧者。”

而曰:“然。昔者吾舅死于虎,吾夫又死焉,吾子又死焉。

初中课外文言文阅读十篇(附答案) 1、李生论善学者 王生好学而不得法。

其友李生问曰:“或谓君不善学,信乎?”王生不说,曰:“凡师所言,吾悉能志之,是不亦善学乎?”李生说之曰孔子云学而不思则罔盖学贵善思君但志之而不思之终必无所成何谓之善学也?王生益愠,不应而还走。居五日,李生故寻王生,告之曰:“夫善学者不耻下问,择善而从之,冀闻道也。

……学者之大忌,莫逾自厌,盍①改之乎?不然,迨②年事蹉跎,虽欲改励,恐不及矣!”王生惊觉,谢曰:“余不敏③,今日始知君言之善。请铭之坐右,以昭炯戒④。”

1. 给下列句中加点的字注音、释义。 ①吾悉能志之 音: 义: ②李生说之曰 音: 义: ③王生益愠,不应而还走 音: 义: 音: 义: ④迨年事蹉跎 音: 义: ⑤学而不思则罔 音: 义: 2.请补出孔子关于学与思关系的名句的下句: 学而不思则罔, 。

3.给文中划线的句子加上标点并翻译。 李 生 说 之 曰 孔 子 云 学 而 不 思 则 罔 盖 学 贵 善 思 君 但 志 之 而 不 思 之 终 必 无所 成 何 谓 之 善 学 也? 4.王生认为“凡师所言,吾悉能志之”便是善学,而李生则有不同的见解。

那么李生认为怎样才算是“善学者”?(请用原文语句回答) 5.结合你的学习生活,谈谈如何做一个“善学者” 。 【参考答案】 1.①zhì,同“识”记 ②shuì,劝说 ③yùn,恼怒;xuán,同“旋”,转身 ④cuō tuó,光阴流逝 ⑤wǎng,迷惑而无所得 2.思而不学则殆。

3. 标点:李生说之曰:“孔子云‘学而不思则罔’,盖学贵善思,君但志之而不思之,终必无所成,何谓之善学也? 翻译:李生劝他说:“孔子说过‘学习却不思考,就会感到迷惑而一无所得’,学习贵在善于思考,你只是记住老师讲的知识,但不去思考,最终一定不会有什么成就,凭什么说你善于学习呢?” 4.①学贵善思 ②不耻不问,择善而从之 5.略。 2、逢蒙学射于羿 逢蒙学射于羿,(羿,夏之诸侯,善射,百发百中。

逢蒙,羿弟子也,亦能百中。)尽羿之道,思天下惟羿为愈己,于是杀羿。

孟子曰:“是亦羿有罪焉。”公明仪曰:“宜若无罪焉。”

曰(A):“薄乎云尔,恶得无罪?郑人使子濯孺子侵卫,卫使庾公之斯追之.子濯孺子曰:‘今日我疾作,不可以执弓,吾死矣夫!’问其仆(仆,御者也。)曰:‘追我者谁也?’其仆曰:‘庾公之斯也。

’曰:‘吾生矣。’其仆曰:‘庾公之斯,卫之善射者也。

夫子曰:“吾生”,何谓也?’曰:‘庾公之斯学射于尹公之他,尹公之他射于我。夫尹公之他,端人也,其取友必端矣。

(端人用心不邪辟,知我是其道本所出,必不害我也。)庾公之斯至,曰:‘夫子何为不执弓?’曰:‘今日我疾作,不可以执弓。

’曰(B):'小人学射于尹公之他,尹公之他学射于夫子,我不忍以夫子之道反害夫子。虽然,今日之事,君事也,我不敢废。

抽矢扣轮,去其金,发乘矢而后反。”(庾公之斯至,竟如孺子之所言。

而曰:“我不敢废君事。”故扣轮去镞,使不害人,乃以射孺子,四发而去。

乘,四也。孟子言是,以明羿之罪。

假使如子濯孺子之得尹公之他而教他之,何有逢蒙之祸乎? 1.羿与逢蒙这两个人是什么关系?子濯孺子、庾公之斯、尹公之他这三个人是什么关系? 答: 2.文中曰(A)的说话人是谁?曰(B)的说话人是谁? 答: 3.上述两个“曰”后面都只有前引号(也就是上引号),没有后引号(也就是下引号),请把后引号补上(标在原文上)。 4. 把下面的句子翻译成现代汉语 (1)虽然,今日之事,君事也。

译文: (2)发乘矢而后反。 译文: 5.子濯孺子为什么确信庾公之斯不会杀死自己呢? 答: 6. “抽矢叩轮,去其金”这句话中的“金”是指 。

“去其金”是为了 。 7.孟子认为“羿有罪(过错)”的理由是什么?注解中有一句话说明了理由,请把这句话找出来,并翻译成现代汉语。

注解: 译文: 参考答案: 1.都是师生关系。 2.(A)孟子 (B)庾公之斯 3.曰(A)全段结束处打双引号 曰(B)“我不敢废”后打单引号 4.(1)虽然如此,今日的事是君主命令的事。

(2)射了四箭,然后回去。 5.因为他知道庾公之斯为人正直。

6.箭头 不伤害人(使不害人) 7.注解:假使如子濯孺子之得尹公之他而教之,何由有逢蒙之祸乎? 译文:假如像子濯孺子找到尹公之他来教那样,哪里还会有逢蒙之祸呢? 3、南歧之见(阅读附答案) 作者:- 南歧在秦蜀山谷中,其水甘而不良,凡饮之者辄病瘿①,故其地之民无一人无瘿者。及见外方人至,则群小②妇人聚观而笑之曰:“异哉人之颈也焦③而不吾类!”外方人曰:“尔垒然凸出于颈者,瘿病之也,不求善药去尔病,反以吾颈为焦耶?”笑者曰:“吾乡之人皆然,焉用去乎哉!” 终莫知其为丑。

(选自《贤奕编?警喻》) 「注释」 ①瘿:(yīng)颈瘤病,即颈上生囊状瘤子。②群小:贬称见识浅陋的人。

③焦:细瘦。 1.下列各组中加点的词,意思不相同的一组是() A.凡饮之者辄病瘿――西施病心而颦其里B.其水甘而不良――出淤泥而不染C.故其地之民无一人无瘿者――彼竭我盈,故克之D.吾乡之人皆然――然得而腊之以为饵2.用“/”为下面的句子断。

1、原文:文征明临写《千字文》,日以十本为率,书遂大进。

平生于书,未尝苟且,或答人简札,少不当意,必再三易之不厌,故愈老而愈益e5a48de588b6e79fa5e98193334精妙。 译文:(明朝)文征明临摹(周兴嗣)的〈千字文〉,以每天(临摹)十次为标准,(其)书法于是大有长进。

一生对于书法创作,从来没有马虎过,有时回人的书信,有一丁点不合适的,一定多次修改而不厌倦。所以(其)年龄越大,书法越精妙绝伦。

一句话概括:文征明习字,精益求精。2、原文:薛谭学讴于秦青,未穷青之技,自谓尽之,遂辞归。

秦青弗止,饯行于郊衢,抚节悲歌,声振林木,响遏行云。薛谭乃射求反,终身不敢言归。

译文:薛谭向秦青学歌唱,没有学会秦青的全部技艺,自以为全学会了,于是(要求)不学回家。秦青不反对,在郊外十字路口摆酒送薛谭回家,秦青拍着节拍昂声高歌,其声绕林,其音阻云。

薛谭就反复要求继续跟秦青学习,一生再不敢提回家的事。4、这个故事给你以怎样的启示? 答:学无止尽 5. 薛谭身上有无可取之处?如果有,是什么? 答:有,知错则改,善莫大焉。

3、原文: 范仲淹二岁而孤,家贫无依。少有大志,每以天下为己任,发愤苦读,或夜昏怠,辄以水沃面;食不给,啖粥而读。

‖既仕,每慷慨论天下事,奋不顾身。乃至被谗受贬,由参知政事谪守邓州。

‖仲淹刻苦自励,食不重肉,妻子衣食仅自足而已。常自诵曰:“士当先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐也。

译文: 范仲淹二岁时丧父,家贫穷无依无靠。少年时就胸怀大志,常以周济天下为自己的责任,发愤用心读书,有时晚上(读书)读疲倦了,就用水洗脸;读书时,吃的不足,就吃粥。

当官以后,常不顾及自己的前途,慷慨激昂指点天下大事。以至于被小人上谗言被贬官,由宰相贬为邓州地方官。

范仲淹用刻苦来勉励自己,吃的粗茶少肉,妻子,儿子的衣食仅能自足而已。常挂在口边的话是:“士当先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐也”。

5.“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”是范仲淹所作《岳阳楼记》中的名句,与该文一样,此句在本文中起了“统帅全文,画龙点睛” 的作用。

文言文阅读精选100题(附答案)(一)阅读下列文言文语段,完成1- 5题。

(连云港) 〔甲〕先帝知臣谨慎,故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来,夙夜忧叹,恐托付不效,以伤先帝之明,故五月渡泸,深入不毛。

今南方已定,兵甲已足,妆奖率三军,北定中原,庶竭驽钝,攘除奸凶,兴复汉室,还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。

(节选自诸葛亮《出师表》)〔乙〕臣受命之日,寝不安席,食不甘味。思惟北征,宜先入南。

故五月渡沪,深入不毛,并日而食。臣非不自惜也,顾王业不可偏安于蜀都,故冒危难,以奉先帝之遗愿,而议者谓为非计。

今贼适疲于西,又务于东,兵法乘劳,此进趋之时也。(节选自诸葛亮《后出师表》)1.解释下列句子中加点的词语。

①故临崩寄臣以大事也 ②庶竭驽钝,攘除奸凶 ③思惟北征,宜先入南 ④今贼适疲于西 2.下列各组句子中加点词语的意义和用法相同的一项是:( ) A.先帝知臣谨慎 B.阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻 C.故冒危难,以奉先帝之遗愿 D.每有会意,便欣然忘食3.下列各组句子中加点词语的意义和用法相同的一项是( ) A. 兴复汉室,还于旧都 B. 以奉先帝之遗愿顾王业不可偏安于蜀都 辍耕之垄上C. 而议者谓为非计 D. 故临崩寄臣以大事也水落而石出者 以是人多以书假余4.翻译下面句子。 ① 此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也② 故五月渡沪,深入不毛,并日而食5.纵观甲乙两段内容,简要概括诸葛亮请求兴北伐的三个理由 ① ② ③ (连云港)答案: 1、①寄:托付 ②攘除:铲除 ③宜:应该 ④适:正好,正逢 2、D 4、①这就是用来报答先帝、尽忠陛下的职责。

②所以五月渡过泸水,深入到不长庄稼的荒凉地方,两天才吃一顿饭。(意思正确即可,关健词不能译错 ) 5、①是自己报答先帝知遇之恩和忠于陛下的职责;②南方叛乱已经平定,武器装备已经充足;③敌方受到东西方威胁,正处于疲惫之时。

(二)阅读下面两段文言文,完成 6-9题。 (海南省课改区题)(甲)予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。

衔远山,吞长江,浩浩荡荡,横无际涯;朝晖夕阴, 气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也。

前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎?嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲;居庙堂之高则忧其民;处江湖之远则忧其君。

是进亦忧,退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎。

噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?(乙) 风烟俱净,天山共色。从流飘荡,任意东西。

自富阳至桐庐,一百许里,奇山异水,天下独绝。水皆缥碧,千丈见底。

游鱼细石,直视无碍。急湍甚箭,猛浪若奔。

夹岸高山,皆生寒树。负势竞上,互相轩邈;争高直指,千百成峰。

泉水激石,泠泠作响;好鸟相鸣,嘤嘤成韵。蝉则千转不穷,猿则百叫无绝。

鸢飞戾天者,望峰息心;经纶世务者,窥谷忘反。横柯上蔽,在昼犹昏;疏条交映,有时见日。

6、下列划线字注音错误的一项是( ) A、浩浩汤汤( tang1 ) B、衔远山( xian2 ) C、互相轩邈( miao3 ) D、泠泠作响( ling2 )7、、解释句中划横线的词。 (1)横无际涯 (2)先天下之忧而忧 (3)猿则百叫无绝 (4)窥谷忘反 8、翻译句子。

(1)予尝求古仁人之心。 译文: 。

(2)急湍甚箭,猛浪若奔。 译文: 。

9、在景物描写方面,甲段主要从视觉角度进行描写,突出洞庭湖 的景色特点。乙段则从视觉和 角度进行描写,体现从富阳至桐庐沿途 (用原文作答)的特点。

答案: 6、A7、(1)涯:边 (2)先:在……之前;把……放在前面 (3)绝:停止 (4)反:通“返”,返回 8、(1)我曾经探求古代品德高尚的人的思想感情。(2)(有时飞速的)急流比箭还快的,迅速的波浪好像奔腾的马群。

“予、求、心、奔“等几个词落实较好,能将句子意思表达清楚准确,可得满分。如个别重点词落实不好,表意不够清楚、完整,酌情扣分,翻译的句子与愿意相差甚远,不给分。

9、雄伟 听觉 “奇山异水,天下独绝”第一个空如填“壮阔”“横无际涯”或“雄伟”的近义词 为对;第三空只填“奇山异水”或“天下独绝” 也对。(三)、阅读《三峡》一文,完成10——14题:(岳阳市题)自三峡七百里中,两岸连山,略无阙处;重岩叠嶂,隐天蔽日,自非亭午夜分不见曦月。

至于夏水襄陵,沿溯阻绝。或王命急宣,有时朝发白帝,暮到江陵,其间千二百里,虽乘奔御风不以疾也。

春冬之时,则素湍绿潭,回清倒影。绝献多生怪柏,悬泉瀑布,飞漱其间。

清荣峻茂,良多趣味。每至晴初霜旦,林寒涧肃,常有高猿长啸,属引凄异,空谷传响,哀转久绝。

故渔者歌曰:“巴东三峡巫峡长,猿鸣三声泪沾裳!”10.下列加点词意义解释有误的一项是()A.略无阙处(阙:通“缺”) B.良多趣味(良:实在)C.晴初霜旦(旦:早晨) D.林寒涧肃(肃:严肃)11.翻译:虽乘奔御风不以疾也12文章花了大量笔墨,运用正面描写的手法直接描绘三峡的景物,而第四段中却写到“渔者歌曰”,这是采用的描写手法,其作用是。13.文中对三峡景物的描写很有特色。

请从文中再选出两处景物,仿照例句进行描写。例:碧绿的潭水,怪异的松。

记九溪十八涧

原 文

过龙井山数里,溪色澄然迎面,九溪之北流也,溪发源于杨梅坞,余之溯溪,则自龙井始。

溪流道万山中,山不峭而堑,踵趾错互,苍碧莫辨途径。沿溪取道,东瞥西匿,前若有阻而旋得路。水之未入溪号皆曰涧,涧以十八,数倍于九也。

余遇涧即止。过涧之水,必有大石亘其流,水石冲激,蒲藻交舞。溪身广四五尺,浅者沮洳,由草中行;其稍深者,虽淬蓄犹见沙石。

其山多茶树,多枫叶,多松。过小石桥,向安理寺路,石犹诡异。春箨始解,攒动岩顶,如老人晞发。怪石折叠,隐起山腹,若橱,若几,若函书状。即林表望之,滃然带云气。杜鹃作花,点缀山路。岩日翳吐,出山巳亭午矣。

时光绪己亥三月六日,同游者达县吴小村、长乐高凤岐、钱塘邵伯絅。

译 文

过龙井山再走几里路,一股清凉澄澈的溪流映入眼帘,这是九溪北去的清流,溪水发源于杨梅坞。我沿这条溪流上行,是从龙井开始的。

溪流是流经万山丛中而来的。这些山并不陡峭却很多沟壑,山脚相互交叉,树木丛生,茂盛苍翠,看不清上山的路径。沿着溪流找山路,看见东边又看不见西边;前面象是路阻断了,走上去却发现有路。凡是水没有流进溪的都叫做涧,一共有十八条涧,正好是九条溪的一倍。

我往上走,遇到涧就停下细看。流过山涧的溪水,一定有大石块横阻在中间。流水和石块撞激,使水面的水草来往舞动。溪流宽有四五尺,水浅的地方是浅滩,水从草丛中流过去;稍深一点的地方,虽然水积得深,但还看得清水下的石子和沙底。

山上茶树多,枫树多,松树多。走过了小石桥,在通向安理寺路上,岩石更加怪异。春笋开始脱壳,在岩顶上随风摆动,象是老人稀稀的头发。怪石重重叠叠,在山腰隐现,有的象橱,有的象桌子,有的象一函书的形状。,向树林预上望去,淡淡地罩着云气。杜鹃花正盛开,点缀着山路。太阳一时被岩石遮住一时又露面。我们走出山坳,已经是中午了。

这次游览是在光绪二十五年三月初六。和我同游的,是达县人吴小村,长乐人高凤岐、钱塘人邵伯絅。

2.老马识途 管仲,隰朋从于桓公而伐孤竹①,春往而冬反,迷惑失道②.管仲曰:"老马之智可用也."乃放老马而随之,遂得道.行山中无水,隰朋曰:"蚁冬居山之阳,夏居山之阴,蚁壤一寸而仞有水."乃掘③地,遂得水. 导读 :自然万物都有其独特的个性,人能善于向大自然学习,则万物可为我所用,为人类造福. 注释:①管仲,隰(x )朋:皆齐桓公时大臣,帮助桓公成就了霸业.孤竹:古国名.②迷惑失道:迷路而找不到归途.③掘:挖.老马识途 管仲,隰朋跟从齐桓公去征伐孤竹国,春天出发,冬天返回,迷了路找不到归途.管仲说:"老马的智慧能够利用."于是放开老马,队伍跟在后面,终于找到了归途.走到山中,找不到水喝,隰朋说:"蚂蚁冬天居住在山的南面,夏天居住在山的北面,蚁窝上的土高一寸,下面七八尺的地方就会有水."于是按此挖掘,果然找到了水. 3.穿井得人 宋之丁氏家无井,而出溉汲,常一人居外①.及其家穿井,告人曰:"吾穿井得一人."有闻而传之者曰:"丁氏穿井得一人."国人道之②,闻之于宋君.宋君令人问之于丁氏,丁氏对曰:"得一人之使③,非得一人于井中也."求闻之若此,不若无闻也. 导读:传言不可轻信,要实事求是.尤其"以讹传讹"更要不得. 注释:①常一人居外:经常派一个人在外面.②国人道之:全国人都在说这件事.③得一人之使:意思是说,家里打了井,不必再派人到外面打水,节约一个劳动力,等于多得到一个人使用. 宋国有个姓丁的,家中没有井,只好到外边去洗涤,打水,经常要一个人居住在外面.等到他家打了井,告诉人家说:"我家打井得了一个人."有人听到这句话,就传出去说:"丁家打井得了一个人."全国的人都在说这件事,后来被宋国的国君听到了.他就派人向那个姓丁的人家查问,姓丁的人回答说:"我家打了一口井,多得了一个劳动力使用,并不是从井里挖出一个人."像这样听到传闻,还不如不听. 4.南辕北辙 今者臣来,见人于大行,方北面而持其驾①,告臣曰:"我欲之②楚."臣曰:"君之楚,将奚为北面 "曰:"吾马良!"臣曰:"马虽良,此非楚之路也."曰:"吾用③多!"臣曰:"用虽多,此非楚之路也."曰:"吾御者④善!"此数者愈善,而离楚愈远耳. 导读 : 成语"南辕北辙"可谓人人皆知,如果行动和目的相反的话,所得结果也只能是背道而驰. 注释:①持其驾:拿着缰绳,驾着他的车子.②之:动词,往,到.③ 用:资用,即路费.④御者:驾车的仆夫. 刚才我来时,在大路上碰见一个人,脸朝北方手里拿着缰绳,驾着车,告诉我说:"我想到楚国去."我说:"您往楚国去,为什么要朝北走呢 "他说:"我的马好!"我说:"马虽然好,这不是通向楚国的路啊."他说:"我的路费多!"我说:"路费虽然多,这不是通向楚国的路啊."他说:"我的车夫能干!"这些条件越好,离楚国就越远了. 5.千里之马 古之君人,有以千金求千里马者,三年不能得.涓人言于君曰:"请求之."君遣之.三月得千里马;马已死,买其骨五百金,返以报君.君大怒曰:"所求者生马,安事死马① 而捐②五百金!"涓人对曰:"死马且买之五百金,况生马乎 天下必以王为能市③马.马今至矣!"于是不能期年,千里之马至者三. 导读: "死马且买之五百金,况生马乎 "涓人的一句反问可谓直接点出其举动的真正用意.而最后"不能期年,千里之马至者三",可谓是在意料之中的事. 注释:①安事死马:要死马做什么 ②捐:白白费掉.③市:买. 古代有个国王,想用千金买千里马,三年不能够买到.有个宦官对国王说:"请让我去买马."国王派他去了.三个月就得到了千里马;但马已经死了,他就用五百金把那匹马的骨头买来,回来向国王报告.国王大怒说:"所要买的是活马,要死马干什么 白白地花费了五百金!"宦官回答说:"死马尚且用五百金买下,何况活马呢 天下人必定认为大王肯出高价买马,千里马这就要到了."由此不到一年,买到三匹千里马. 6.赵威后问齐使 齐王使使者问赵威后,书未发①,威后问使者曰:"岁亦无恙②耶 民亦无恙耶 王亦无恙耶 "使者不说③,曰:"臣奉使使威后,今不问王,而先问岁与民,岂先贱而后尊贵者乎 "威后曰:"不然.苟无岁,何以有民 苟无民,何以有君 故有舍本④而问末者耶 " 导读:本篇运用了排比和反问的修辞手法,使赵威后对齐使的反驳更具声势和说服力,言简意赅. 注释 :①发:启封.②恙:灾害,忧患.③说:通"悦",高兴.④本:根本的,重要的. 齐王派使者问候赵威后,送给她的信还没有启封,威后问使者:"你们国家今年收成怎么样 百姓怎么样 国君怎么样 "齐国使者很不高兴,说:"我奉命问候威后,可您现在不问候我们齐王,先问收成和百姓的情况,难道有先卑贱而后尊贵的道理吗 "威后回答道:"不是这样的.如果没有每年的收成,哪有百姓 没有百姓,哪有君王啊 怎么能舍弃根本的而询问次要的呢 " 7.齐欲伐魏 齐欲伐魏,淳于髡谓齐王①曰:"韩子卢者,天下之疾犬也;东郭逡者,海内之狡兔也.韩于卢逐东郭逡,环山者三②,腾山者五.兔极于前,犬废于后;犬兔俱罢,各死其处.田父见之,无劳倦之苦③,而擅其功.今齐魏久相持,以顿④。

【原文】

黄琬幼而慧。祖父琼,为魏郡太守。建和元年正月日食。京师不见而琼以状闻。太后诏问所食多少。琼思其对而未知所况。琬年七岁,在旁,曰:“何不言日食之余如月之初?”琼大惊,即以其言应诏,而深奇爱之。

【注释】

①建和:汉桓帝年号。建和元年为公元147年。②京师不见:京城里看不到那次日食的情况。3辨慧:能说会道且聪明伶俐。未知所况:不知道如何来描述。

【文化常识】

“太后”及其他。自从秦朝起,天子称“皇帝”,皇帝的妻子称“皇后”。“太后”(或皇太后)指皇帝的母亲(周朝诸侯王的母亲也称“太后”),皇帝的父亲称“太上皇”。皇帝的祖母称“太皇太后”,皇帝的祖父叫“太上太皇”。“太”有至高至大的意思,因此皇帝的医生叫“太医”,皇帝的老师叫“太师”,皇帝的祖庙叫“太庙”。

【思考与练习】

1、解释:①诏 ②奇

2、翻译:①琼思其对而未知所况 ;②即以其言应诏

3、选择:“琼以状闻”有以下理解,哪一项是不正确的? ①黄琼因此听说了这情况;②黄琼把这情况报告皇上;③黄琼把这情况让皇上听到。

4、理解:黄琬说的日食后的样子到底是怎样的?

【答案】

1. ①皇帝命令;②认为与众不同

2①黄琼思考该如何回答太后的询问但又不知怎样说清; ②就按照黄琬说的回答

3.①

4.如初升的弯月。

【译文】黄琬小时候聪明,祖父黄琼做魏郡太守。建和元年正月发生日食。京城看不见日食情况,黄琼把听见的情况告诉皇上。皇太后招他问日食遮了多少。黄琼思考该如何回答太后的询问但又不知怎样说清。黄婉当时7岁,在旁边,说:“为什么不说日食剩下的像刚出来的月亮?”黄琼大吃一惊,就按照他说的回答皇太后,认为极其与众不同。

高中文言文阅读训练之《张巡传》 令狐潮围张巡于雍丘,相守四十余日,朝廷声问不通.潮闻玄宗已幸蜀,复以书招巡.有大将六人,官皆开府,特进白巡,以兵势不敌,且上存亡不可知,不如降贼.巡阳许诺.明日堂上设天子画像,帅将士朝之,人人皆泣.巡引六将于前,责以大义,斩之,士心益劝. 城中矢尽,巡缚稿为人千余,被以黑衣,夜缒城下,潮兵争射之,久乃知其稿人;得矢数十万.其后复夜缒人,贼笑不设备.乃以死士五百斫潮营,潮军大乱,焚垒而遁,追奔十余里.潮惭益兵围之. 巡使郎将雷万春于城上,与潮相闻,贼弩射之,面中六矢而不动.潮疑其木人,使谍问之,乃大惊,遥谓巡曰:“向见雷将军,方知足下军令矣,然其如天道何?”巡谓之曰:“君未识人伦,焉知天道!”未几出战,擒贼将十四人,斩首百余级.贼乃夜遁,收兵入陈留不敢复出. 顷之,贼步骑七千余众屯白沙涡,巡夜袭击,大破之.还至桃陵,遇贼救兵四百余人.悉擒之.分别其众,妫、檀及胡兵悉斩之,荥阳、陈留胁从兵,皆散令归业.旬日间,民去贼来归者万余户. (选自《资治通鉴》) [注]①张巡:“安史”乱起时,任真源县令,因上司投敌,他率军开往雍丘. ②令狐潮:初为雍丘县令,后降安禄山. 配套习题 1.对下列句子中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是(D) A.潮闻玄宗已幸蜀 幸:特指皇帝到某处去 B.巡阳许诺 阳:假装 C.贼笑不设备 备:防备 D.潮惭益兵围之 益:更加 2.下列各组句子中,加点词的意思和用法不相同的一组是(A) a、以兵势不敌,且上存亡不可知 不者,若属皆且为所虏 b、潮兵争射之,久乃知其稿人 必以长安君为质,兵乃出 c、巡使郎将雷万春于城上,与潮相闻 客从外来,与坐谈 d、君未识人伦,焉知天道 吴人焉敢攻吾邑 3.下列六句话,分别编为四组,全部表现张巡有智谋的一组是(B) ①巡阳许诺 ②巡引六将于前,责以大义,斩之 ③巡缚稿为人千余,被以黑衣 ④其后复夜缒人 ⑤未几出战,擒贼将十四人 ⑥遇贼兵四百余人,悉擒之 A.①②⑤ B.①③④ C.②③⑤ D.③④⑥ 4.下列对原文有关内容的分析和评价,不正确的一项是 (C) A.令狐潮率军包围了张巡,还以书信劝降;张巡的六名将领也劝他投降,张巡设计杀了他们,士气因此大振. B.在城中箭已用尽的情况下,张巡捆扎了千余草人,向贼兵“借”来几十万支箭,表现了他不同寻常的机智. C.通过交锋,令狐潮很佩服雷万春和张巡的治军,并以天道称赞他们,结果遭到张巡的斥责,并被打得落荒而逃. D.张巡有勇有谋,接连打败贼兵,而且对俘虏分别处理,恩威兼施,贼兵中的许多百姓都来归附他.参考译文: 令孤潮将张巡围困在雍丘,两军相互对峙四十多天,朝廷的音讯一点也得不到.令孤潮听说唐玄宗已经到蜀地去了,又用书信招降张巡.(张巡手下)有六个可以开设府署的大将,他们特意进来用兵力不够、无法与敌对抗的现实劝说张巡,并且还说皇上是死是活还不知道,不如投降敌人.张巡假装同意.第二天在公堂上摆出天子的画像,率众将士朝拜,人人都哭了.张巡将这六人拉上前,以国家兴亡的大义斥责他们,然后杀了他们,士气倍增. 城中箭都用完了,张巡将禾杆束成上千个草人,并给他们穿上黑衣,晚上用绳子拴着放到城下,令狐潮的士兵争先恐后的射向他们,很久才知道他们是草人;张巡得箭数十万只.这以后又在夜里从城墙上放下人来,贼兵觉得好笑没有防备.于是张巡派敢死队员500人,砍向令孤潮的军营,令狐潮的军队大乱,烧掉营垒逃跑,巡部追了敌军十多里.令孤潮感到惭愧,增加士兵继续围困张巡他们. 张巡派部将雷万春在城墙上与令孤潮通话,贼兵用弩射雷万春,雷万春面部中了六箭却一动不动.令孤潮怀疑看到的雷万春是个木人,于是派探子问明详情,(得知真相后)令孤潮大吃一惊,从很远的地方对张巡说:“刚才看见雷将军,才知道你的军令如山,但是你可知天意如何?”张巡对令孤潮说:“你不识人伦,怎知天意?”时过不多久,张巡派兵出战抓住贼兵将领14人,割下贼兵首级一百多,贼兵于是连夜逃跑,退到陈留,不敢再出来. 时间不长,叛贼步兵、骑兵七千多人屯集在白沙涡,张巡率部夜袭贼兵,大胜.张巡部返回到桃陵,遇上叛贼的救兵四百多人,将贼兵全部抓获,并对他们作出不同的处理,妫、檀两州的兵士和胡兵(安禄山起兵谋反地方的兵士)全部杀掉,荥阳、陈留郡被胁迫而来的兵士,全部放掉,让他们回去做自己的本业.十天里,老百姓离开贼兵前来归附的有一万多户.【不知道是不是你需要的,你也没有发习题上来,这个不确定是不是和你要的一样的题目,希望帮得到你,呵呵!】。

选自苏轼《东坡志林》中的>

顷岁,孙莘老识欧阳文忠公,尝乘间从,以文字问之。云:“无他术,唯勤读书而多为之,自工。世人患作文字少,又懒读书,每一篇出,即求过人,如此少有至者。疵病不必待人指摘,多作自能见之。”此公以其尝试者告人,故尤有味。苕溪渔隐曰:旧说梅圣俞日课一诗,寒暑未尝易也。圣俞诗名满世,盖身试此说之效耳。

一共一百四十个字 符合要求吧 呵呵

①[原文]顷岁②,孙莘老识欧阳文忠公③,尝乘间④以文字问之。云:“无他术⑤,唯勤读书而多为之,自工⑥。世人患作文字少,又懒读书,又一篇出,即求过人,如此少有至者⑦。疵病⑧不必待人指摘⑨,多作自能见之。”此公以其尝试者告人,故尤有味。

[注释]①本文选自宋人苏轼《东坡志林》。②顷岁:年初 ③欧阳文忠公:指欧阳修,文忠是其谥号,公是尊称 ④乘间:乘机 ⑤术:方法 ⑥工:擅长 ⑦至者:成功的事 ⑧疵病:毛病 ⑨指摘:指出过错。

[译文]某年初,孙莘老结识了欧阳修,曾乘机拿写文章的事向他请教。欧阳修说:“没有别的方法,只有勤奋读书并经常写文章,自然会有长进;但是世上一般人的毛病是练笔的机会很少,还懒于读书,而且一篇文章写好后,马上要求它超过别人,像这样很少有成功的。文章缺点也用不着别人指出来,自己多练笔就能发现了。”欧阳修把他写文章的经验告诉别人,所以(我认为)特别有意义。

[简析]勤读书,多作文,才能提高文章的质量,此外别无蹊径。文学大家苏东坡,才华绝世,饮誉古今,犹能这样重视别人的成功经验,并引为良训,足见他治学的严谨、刻苦。由此,它给了我们—个很大的教益:文章的好坏与读书的勤懒、练笔的多少,有着密切联系。

庄子天道-外篇

【原文】

庄子曰:“吾师乎!吾师乎!泽及万世而不为仁,长于上古而不为寿,覆载天地刻雕众形而不为巧(1),此之谓天乐。故曰:'知天乐者,其生也天行(2),其死也物化(3)。静而与阴同德(4),动而与阳同波(5)。'故知天乐者,无天怨,无人非,无物累,无鬼责。故曰:‘其动也天,其静也地,一心定而王天下(6);其鬼不祟,其魂不疲,一心定而万物服。’言以虚静推于天地,通于万物,此之谓天乐。天乐者,圣人之心,以畜天下也(7)。”

【译文】

庄子说:“我的宗师啊!我的宗师啊!碎毁万物不算是暴戾,恩泽施及万世不算是仁爱,生长于远古不算是寿延,覆天载地、雕刻众物之形不算是智巧,这就叫做天乐。所以说:‘通晓天乐的人,他活在世上顺应自然地运动,他离开人世混同万物而变化。平静时跟阴气同宁寂,运动时跟阳气同波动。’因此体察到天乐的人,不会受到天的抱怨,不会受到人的非难,不会受到外物的牵累,不会受到鬼神的责备。所以说:‘运动时合乎自然的运行,静止时犹如大地一样宁寂,内心安定专一统驭天下;鬼魔不会作祟,神魂不会疲惫,内心专一安定万物无不折服归附。’这些话就是说把虚空宁静推及到天地,通达于万物,这就叫做天乐。所谓天乐,就是圣人的爱心,用以养育天下人。”

《大学》--齐家先修身 【原文】 所谓齐其家在修其身者,人之其所亲爱而辟焉①,之其所贱恶 而辟焉,之其所畏敬而辟焉,之其所哀矜②而辟焉,之其所敖情③ 而辟焉。故好而知其恶,恶而知其美者,天下鲜矣!故谚有之曰:“人莫知其子之恶,莫知其苗之硕④。”此谓身不修不可以齐其家。(传8)【注释】 ①之:即“于”,对于。辟:偏颇,偏向。②哀矜:同情,怜悯。③敖,骄做。惰:怠慢。④硕:大,肥壮。【译文】 之所以说管理好家庭和家族要先修养自身,是因为人们对于自己亲爱的人会有偏爱;对于自己厌恶的人会有偏恨;对于自己敬畏的人会有偏向;对于自己同情的人会有偏心;对于自己轻视的人会有偏见。因此,很少有人能喜爱某人又看到那人的缺点,厌恶某人又看到那人的优点。所以有谚语说:“人都不知道自己孩子的坏,人都不满足自己庄稼的好。”这就是不修养自身就不能管理好家庭和家族的道理 《大学》--获得知识的途径 【原文】 所谓致知在格物者,言欲致吾之知,在即物而穷其理也(2)。盖 人心之灵莫不有知,而天下之物莫不有理,惟于理有未穷(5),故其 知有不尽也。是以《大学》始教,必始学者即凡天下之物,莫不 因其已知之理而益穷之(4),以求至乎其极。至于用力之久,而一旦 豁然贯通焉,则众物之表里精粗无不到,而吾心之全体大用无不 明矣。此谓物格,此谓知之至也。 (传5)【注释】 ①这一章的原文只有“此谓知本。此谓知之至也”两句。朱熹认为,”此 谓知本”一句是上一章的衍文,”此谓知之至也”一句前面又缺了一段文字。 所以,朱熹根据上下文关系补充了一段文字,这里所选的,就是朱熹补充的 文字。②即,接近,接触。穷:穷究,彻底研究。③未穷,未穷尽,未彻底。④益,更加。【译文】 说获得知识的途径在于认识、研究万事万物,是指要想获得知识,就必须接触事物而彻底研究它的原理。人的心灵都具有认识能力,而天下万事万物都总有一定的原理,只不过因为这些原理还没有被彻底认识,所以使知识显得很有局限。因此,《大学》一开始就教学习者接触天下万事万物,用自己已有的知识去进一步探究,以彻底认识万事万物的原理。经过长期用功,总有一天会豁然贯通,到那时,万事万物的里外巨细都被认识得清清楚楚,而自己内心的一切认识能力都得到淋漓尽致的发挥,再也没有蔽塞。这就叫万事万物被认识、研究了,这就叫知识达到顶点了

【甲】复行数十步,豁然开朗。

土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻。

其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人。黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。

见渔人,乃大惊,问所从来。具答之。

便要还家,设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人,咸来问讯。

自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉,遂与外人隔绝。问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏晋。

此人一一为具言所闻,皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家,皆出酒食。

停数日,辞去。(节选自陶渊明《桃花源记》) 【乙】负者歌于途,行者休于树,前者呼,后者应,伛偻提携,往来而不绝者,滁人游也。

临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥;酿泉为酒,泉香而酒冽;山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈者,太守宴也。宴酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,觥筹交错,坐起而喧哗者,众宾欢也。

苍然白发,颓乎其间者,太守醉也。 (节选自欧阳修《醉翁亭记》) 1.解释下列加点的词。

(1)悉如外人 悉: (2)无论魏晋无 论: (3)临溪而渔 渔: 2.翻译下面句子。 (1)村中闻有此人,咸来问讯。

(2)负者歌于途,行者休于树。 3.根据选段内容,在下面的空格处填入适当的成语。

(4分) 欲脱尘网,陶渊明志寄□□□□;□□□□,欧阳修情醉滁西琅琊。 4.【甲】【乙】两段文字都描写了人们的日常生活,请说说它们所表现的生活有哪些共同之处。

(4分) 第二文段(甲)土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻。

其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人。黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。

(乙)大道之行也,天下为公,选贤与能, 。故人不独亲其亲,不独子其子,使老有所终,壮有所用,幼有所长,矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养,男有分,女有归。

,不必藏于己;力恶其不出于身也,不必为己。是故谋闭而不兴,盗窃乱贼而不作,故外户而不闭,是谓大同。

1.在原文划横线的空缺处填写原句。 2.解释文中加点的词。

交通: 户: 3.甲、乙两文都反映了古人对人类美好社会的追求,不同的是,甲文对理想社会进行了 ,乙文则是 。 4.乙文中与甲文“黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐”相对应的句子是 。

5.概括甲文的大意 第三文段〔甲〕嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲;居庙堂之高则忧其民;处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧。

然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎。噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?(选自范仲淹《岳阳楼记》) 〔乙〕上①与群臣论止盗。

或请重法以禁之,上哂之曰:“民之所以为盗者,由赋繁役重,官吏贪求,饥寒切身,故不暇②廉肚耳,肤当去奢省费,轻徭③薄赋,选用廉吏,使民衣食有余,则自不为盗,安用重法邪?”自是数年之后,海内升平④,路不拾遗,外户不闭,商旅野宿焉。 (选自司马光《资治通鉴》)) 注①〔上〕皇上,这里指唐太宗,②〔不暇〕顾不上。

③〔徭〕古时统治者强制人民承担的无偿劳动。④〔升平〕太平。

1.解释下列句中加点词。(2分) ①处江湖之远则忧其君( ) ②自是数年之后( ) 2.下列句子与成语中加点词意思相同的一项是( )(2分) A.予尝求古仁人之心 不求甚解B.然则何时而乐耶 怏怏不乐 C.或请重法以禁之 鸿鹄之志D.故不暇廉耻耳 温故知新 3.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。

(4分) (1)不以物喜,不以己悲。译句: (2)安用重法邪?译句: 4.用文中的句子回答下列各题。

(3分) (1)甲文表达了作者“ , ”的忧乐观。(1分) (2)乙文中唐太宗认为防止盗窃的三种办法是“ , , ” 。

(1分) (3)从乙文中可以看出,作为国君,唐太宗做到了“ ”。(用甲文中的语句回答,共九个字)(1分) 第四文段 [甲]予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。

衔远山,吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无际涯;朝晖夕阴,气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也,前人之述备矣。

然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎? (节选自[乙]若夫日出而林霏开,云归而岩穴暝,晦明变化者,山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香,佳未秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山间之四时也。

朝而往,暮而归,四时之景不同,而乐亦无穷也。 (节选自(醉翁亭记)) 1.解释下列加点词在文中的意思。

(1)朝晖夕阴 (2)此则岳阳楼之大观也 (3)山间之四时也 2.翻译下面的句子。 (1)前人之述备矣。

(2)野芳发而幽香。 3.[甲][乙]两段都写了观景时的感触,请把有关句子摘写出来。

[甲]: [乙]: 4. [甲]写登楼所见,[乙]写登山所见。除此之外,两段文字所写的景物还有哪些不同? 第五文段(甲)若夫日出而林霖开,云归而岩穴暝,晦明变化者,山间之朝暮也。

野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山之间四时也。朝而往,暮而归,四时之景不同,而乐亦无穷也。

…… 已而夕阳在山,人影散乱,太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游人去而禽鸟乐也。

然而禽鸟知山林之乐,而不知人之乐;人知从太守游而乐,而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。

太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。 (乙)修之来此①,乐其地僻而事简,又爱其俗之安闲。

既得斯泉于山谷之间,乃日与滁人仰而望山,俯而听泉。掇②幽芳而荫乔木,风霜冰雪,刻露。

《李寄》

东越国闽中郡有座庸岭,高几十里。庸岭西北的山洞中有一条大蛇,长七八丈,大十多围,当地人时常担惊受怕。东冶的长官都尉和他所管辖的各县城行政长官,多有(被大蛇)咬死的。用牛羊祭祀,仍旧不能制止(大蛇的)危害。(大蛇)有时给人托梦,有时告诉巫、祝,要吃十二三岁的童女。郡、县的长官都为这事担忧。只是大蛇(仍然)无休止地肆虐逞凶。他们一同寻求人家奴婢所生的女孩子,连同罪犯人家的女孩子养着。到了八月初一祭祀,(把童女)送到蛇洞口,蛇就出来吞吃童女。多年这样,已经用了九个童女。

这时,又预先招募寻找,没有招募寻找到祭祀用的童女。将乐县的李诞,家里有六个女儿,没有儿子。他的小女儿名寄,要应征前往。父母不答应。李寄说:“父母没有福气,只是生了六个女儿,没有生一个儿子,虽然有孩子跟没有孩子一个样。女儿我没有淳于缇萦帮助父母那样的功绩,既不能供养(父母),白耗费了穿的吃的,活着没有什么好处,不如早点死了。卖了我李寄的身体,可以得到一点钱,用来供养父母,难道不好吗?”父母慈爱,终究不让她去。李寄自己偷偷地走了,没办法制止。

李寄就去访求好剑和会咬蛇的狗。到了八月初一,就到庙里坐下,抱着剑,带着狗。先拿来几石糯米做的糍团,用蜜和炒米粉调灌糍团,把(它)放在洞口。蛇就出来了,头大得像谷仓,眼睛像两尺长的镜子,闻到糍团的香气,先吃糍团。李寄就放出狗,狗跑上前就咬,李寄从后头斫出几处伤口。受伤的地方痛得很,蛇因此跳了出来,到了空地上就死了。李寄进去探看洞穴,找到九个童女的头骨,全都拿了出来,痛惜地说:“你们这些人胆小软弱,被蛇吃了,很可悲,很可怜。”于是童女李寄缓缓迈步回到家里。

越王听到这件事,就聘童女李寄为王后,授她父亲为将乐县令,母亲和姐姐都得到赏赐。从这以后东冶没有再出现妖邪的东西,有关李寄的歌谣到现在还有。

【原文】

黄琬幼而慧。祖父琼,为魏郡太守。建和元年正月日食。京师不见而琼以状闻。太后诏问所食多少。琼思其对而未知所况。琬年七岁,在旁,曰:“何不言日食之余如月之初?”琼大惊,即以其言应诏,而深奇爱之。

【注释】

①建和:汉桓帝年号。建和元年为公元147年。②京师不见:京城里看不到那次日食的情况。3辨慧:能说会道且聪明伶俐。未知所况:不知道如何来描述。

【文化常识】

“太后”及其他。自从秦朝起,天子称“皇帝”,皇帝的妻子称“皇后”。“太后”(或皇太后)指皇帝的母亲(周朝诸侯王的母亲也称“太后”),皇帝的父亲称“太上皇”。皇帝的祖母称“太皇太后”,皇帝的祖父叫“太上太皇”。“太”有至高至大的意思,因此皇帝的医生叫“太医”,皇帝的老师叫“太师”,皇帝的祖庙叫“太庙”。

【思考与练习】

1、解释:①诏 ②奇

2、翻译:①琼思其对而未知所况 ;②即以其言应诏

3、选择:“琼以状闻”有以下理解,哪一项是不正确的? ①黄琼因此听说了这情况;②黄琼把这情况报告皇上;③黄琼把这情况让皇上听到。

4、理解:黄琬说的日食后的样子到底是怎样的?

【答案】

1. ①皇帝命令;②认为与众不同

2①黄琼思考该如何回答太后的询问但又不知怎样说清; ②就按照黄琬说的回答

3.①

4.如初升的弯月。

【译文】黄琬小时候聪明,祖父黄琼做魏郡太守。建和元年正月发生日食。京城看不见日食情况,黄琼把听见的情况告诉皇上。皇太后招他问日食遮了多少。黄琼思考该如何回答太后的询问但又不知怎样说清。黄婉当时7岁,在旁边,说:“为什么不说日食剩下的像刚出来的月亮?”黄琼大吃一惊,就按照他说的回答皇太后,认为极其与众不同。

(一)文征明习字《书林纪事》 【原文】 文征明临写《千字文》,日以十本为率,书遂大进。

平生于书,未尝苟且,或答人简札,少不当意,必再三易之不厌,故愈老而愈益精妙。 【译文】 文征明监贴写《文字文》,每天以写十本作为标准,书法就迅速进步起来。

他平生对于写字,从来也不马虎草率。有时给人回信,稍微有一点不全意,一定三番五次改写过它,不怕麻烦。

因此他的书法越到老年,越发精致美好。 【阅读训练】 1. 解释下面句中加点的词 ①书遂大进 ②平生于书 ③文征明临写《千字文》 ④或答人简札 2. 将“少不当意,必再三易之不厌”译成现代汉语。

译文 3. 用一句话来概括这段文字的中心。 答: (二)薛谭学讴 【原文】 薛谭学讴于秦青,未穷青之技,自谓尽之,遂辞归。

秦青弗止,饯行于郊衢,抚节悲歌,声振林木,响遏行云。薛谭乃射求反,终身不敢言归。

【译文】 薛谭向秦青学习唱歌,还没有学完秦青的技艺,就以为学尽了,于是就告辞回家。秦青没有劝阻他,在城外大道旁给他饯行,秦青打着拍节,高唱悲歌。

歌声振动了林木,那音响止住了行云。薛谭于是向秦青道歉,要求回来继续学习。

从此以后,他一辈子也不敢再说要回家。 【阅读训练】 1. 解释下列加点的词在文中的意思。

①秦青弗止。 ②响遏行云。

2.对下列各句中加点用法、意义判断不正确的一项是( ) A.①与②相同,③与④不同 B.①与②不同,③与④相同 C.①与②相同,③与④也相同 D.①与②不同,③与④也不同 3.翻译:谭乃高压求反。 译文: 4. 个故事给你以怎样的启示? 答: 5. 薛谭身上有无可取之处?如果有,是什么? 答: (三)范仲淹有志于天下 【原文】 范仲淹二岁而孤,家贫无依。

少有大志,每以天下为己任,发愤苦读,或夜昏怠,辄以水沃面;食不给,啖粥而读。‖既仕,每慷慨论天下事,奋不顾身。

乃至被谗受贬,由参知政事谪守邓州。‖仲淹刻苦自励,食不重肉,妻子衣食仅自足而已。

常自诵曰:“士当先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐也。” 【译文】 范仲淹两岁的时候就失去父亲,家中贫困无依。

他年轻时就有远大的志向,常常用冷水冲头洗脸。经常连饭也吃不上,就吃粥坚持读书。

做官以后,常常谈论天下大事,奋不顾身。以至于有人说坏话被贬官,由参知政事降职作邓州太守。

范仲淹刻苦磨炼自己,吃东西不多吃肉,妻子和孩子的衣食仅自保养罢了。他经常朗诵自己作品中的两句话:“读书人应当在天下人忧之前先忧,在天下人乐之后才乐。”

【阅读训练】 1. 给下列句中加点的字注音并释义。 ①啖粥而读 音: 义: ②辄以水沃面 音: 义: ③食不给 音: 义: ④乃至被谗受贬 音: 义: 2.“每以天下为己任”的正确译句是( ) A. 每天把天下大事作为自己的责任。

B. 常常把治理国家大事作为自己应尽的责任。 C. 常常把天下大事作为自己应尽的任务。

D.每天把治理国家大事作为自己应尽的责任。 3.下面的句子译成现代汉语。

①或夜昏怠,辄以水沃面: ②妻子衣食仅自足而已: 4.这段文字的层次已在文中划出,请简要归纳层意。 ① ② ③ 5.“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”是范仲淹所作《岳阳楼记》中的名句,与该文一样,此句在本文中起了 的作用。

(四)司马光好学《三朝名臣言行录》 【原文】 司马温公幼时,患记问不若人,群居讲习,众兄弟既成诵,游息矣;独下帷绝编,迨能倍诵乃止。用力多者收功远,其所精诵,乃终身不忘也。

温公尝言:“书不可不成诵,或在马上,或中夜不寝时,咏其文,思其义所得多矣。” 【译文】 司马光幼年时,担心自己记诵诗书以备应答的能力不如别人。

大家在一起学习讨论,别的兄弟已经会背诵了,去玩耍休息了;(司马光却)独自苦读,像董仲舒和孔子读书时那样专心和刻苦,一直到能够熟练地背诵为止,(由于)读书时下的力气多,收获就长远,他所精读和背诵过的书,就能终身不忘。司马光曾经说:“读书不能不背诵,在骑马走路的时候,在半夜睡不着觉的时候,吟咏读过的文章,想想它的意思,收获就多了!” 【阅读训练】 1. 解释下列句中加点的词。

①患记问不若人 ②迨能倍诵乃止 ③迨能倍诵乃止 ④咏其文 2.与“迨能倍诵乃止”中“倍”的用法不同的一项是( ) A.祗辱于奴隶人之手 B.才美不外见 C.满坐宾客无不伸颈侧目 D.京中有善口技者 3.本文中概括主旨的句子是:( ) A. 用力多者收功远。 B. 其所精通乃终身不忘。

C. 书不可不成诵。 D.咏其文,思其义,所得多矣。

4.文中“独下帷绝编”意思是只有司马光徇自苦读。我们学过一个类似的成语也是形容读书勤奋,这个成语是 (五)欧阳修苦读《欧阳公事迹》 【原文】 欧阳公四岁而孤,家贫无资。

太夫人以荻画地,教以书字。多诵古人篇章。

及其稍长,而家无书读,就闾里士人家借而读之,或因而抄录。以至昼夜忘寝食,惟读书是务。

自幼所作诗赋文字,下笔已如成人。 【译文】 欧阳修先生四岁时父亲就去世了,家境贫寒,没有钱供他读书。

太夫人用芦苇秆在沙地上写画,教给他写字。还教给他诵读许多古人的篇章。

到他年龄大些了,家里没有书可读,便就近到读书人家去借书来读,有时接着进行抄写。就这。

庄子天道-外篇

【原文】

庄子曰:“吾师乎!吾师乎!泽及万世而不为仁,长于上古而不为寿,覆载天地刻雕众形而不为巧(1),此之谓天乐。故曰:'知天乐者,其生也天行(2),其死也物化(3)。静而与阴同德(4),动而与阳同波(5)。'故知天乐者,无天怨,无人非,无物累,无鬼责。故曰:‘其动也天,其静也地,一心定而王天下(6);其鬼不祟,其魂不疲,一心定而万物服。’言以虚静推于天地,通于万物,此之谓天乐。天乐者,圣人之心,以畜天下也(7)。”

【译文】

庄子说:“我的宗师啊!我的宗师啊!碎毁万物不算是暴戾,恩泽施及万世不算是仁爱,生长于远古不算是寿延,覆天载地、雕刻众物之形不算是智巧,这就叫做天乐。所以说:‘通晓天乐的人,他活在世上顺应自然地运动,他离开人世混同万物而变化。平静时跟阴气同宁寂,运动时跟阳气同波动。’因此体察到天乐的人,不会受到天的抱怨,不会受到人的非难,不会受到外物的牵累,不会受到鬼神的责备。所以说:‘运动时合乎自然的运行,静止时犹如大地一样宁寂,内心安定专一统驭天下;鬼魔不会作祟,神魂不会疲惫,内心专一安定万物无不折服归附。’这些话就是说把虚空宁静推及到天地,通达于万物,这就叫做天乐。所谓天乐,就是圣人的爱心,用以养育天下人。”

《大学》--齐家先修身 【原文】 所谓齐其家在修其身者,人之其所亲爱而辟焉①,之其所贱恶 而辟焉,之其所畏敬而辟焉,之其所哀矜②而辟焉,之其所敖情③ 而辟焉。故好而知其恶,恶而知其美者,天下鲜矣!故谚有之曰:“人莫知其子之恶,莫知其苗之硕④。”此谓身不修不可以齐其家。(传8)【注释】 ①之:即“于”,对于。辟:偏颇,偏向。②哀矜:同情,怜悯。③敖,骄做。惰:怠慢。④硕:大,肥壮。【译文】 之所以说管理好家庭和家族要先修养自身,是因为人们对于自己亲爱的人会有偏爱;对于自己厌恶的人会有偏恨;对于自己敬畏的人会有偏向;对于自己同情的人会有偏心;对于自己轻视的人会有偏见。因此,很少有人能喜爱某人又看到那人的缺点,厌恶某人又看到那人的优点。所以有谚语说:“人都不知道自己孩子的坏,人都不满足自己庄稼的好。”这就是不修养自身就不能管理好家庭和家族的道理 《大学》--获得知识的途径 【原文】 所谓致知在格物者,言欲致吾之知,在即物而穷其理也(2)。盖 人心之灵莫不有知,而天下之物莫不有理,惟于理有未穷(5),故其 知有不尽也。是以《大学》始教,必始学者即凡天下之物,莫不 因其已知之理而益穷之(4),以求至乎其极。至于用力之久,而一旦 豁然贯通焉,则众物之表里精粗无不到,而吾心之全体大用无不 明矣。此谓物格,此谓知之至也。 (传5)【注释】 ①这一章的原文只有“此谓知本。此谓知之至也”两句。朱熹认为,”此 谓知本”一句是上一章的衍文,”此谓知之至也”一句前面又缺了一段文字。 所以,朱熹根据上下文关系补充了一段文字,这里所选的,就是朱熹补充的 文字。②即,接近,接触。穷:穷究,彻底研究。③未穷,未穷尽,未彻底。④益,更加。【译文】 说获得知识的途径在于认识、研究万事万物,是指要想获得知识,就必须接触事物而彻底研究它的原理。人的心灵都具有认识能力,而天下万事万物都总有一定的原理,只不过因为这些原理还没有被彻底认识,所以使知识显得很有局限。因此,《大学》一开始就教学习者接触天下万事万物,用自己已有的知识去进一步探究,以彻底认识万事万物的原理。经过长期用功,总有一天会豁然贯通,到那时,万事万物的里外巨细都被认识得清清楚楚,而自己内心的一切认识能力都得到淋漓尽致的发挥,再也没有蔽塞。这就叫万事万物被认识、研究了,这就叫知识达到顶点了

【甲】复行数十步,豁然开朗。

土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻。

其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人。黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。

见渔人,乃大惊,问所从来。具答之。

便要还家,设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人,咸来问讯。

自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉,遂与外人隔绝。问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏晋。

此人一一为具言所闻,皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家,皆出酒食。

停数日,辞去。(节选自陶渊明《桃花源记》) 【乙】负者歌于途,行者休于树,前者呼,后者应,伛偻提携,往来而不绝者,滁人游也。

临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥;酿泉为酒,泉香而酒冽;山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈者,太守宴也。宴酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,觥筹交错,坐起而喧哗者,众宾欢也。

苍然白发,颓乎其间者,太守醉也。 (节选自欧阳修《醉翁亭记》) 1.解释下列加点的词。

(1)悉如外人 悉: (2)无论魏晋无 论: (3)临溪而渔 渔: 2.翻译下面句子。 (1)村中闻有此人,咸来问讯。

(2)负者歌于途,行者休于树。 3.根据选段内容,在下面的空格处填入适当的成语。

(4分) 欲脱尘网,陶渊明志寄□□□□;□□□□,欧阳修情醉滁西琅琊。 4.【甲】【乙】两段文字都描写了人们的日常生活,请说说它们所表现的生活有哪些共同之处。

(4分) 第二文段(甲)土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通,鸡犬相闻。

其中往来种作,男女衣着,悉如外人。黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。

(乙)大道之行也,天下为公,选贤与能, 。故人不独亲其亲,不独子其子,使老有所终,壮有所用,幼有所长,矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养,男有分,女有归。

,不必藏于己;力恶其不出于身也,不必为己。是故谋闭而不兴,盗窃乱贼而不作,故外户而不闭,是谓大同。

1.在原文划横线的空缺处填写原句。 2.解释文中加点的词。

交通: 户: 3.甲、乙两文都反映了古人对人类美好社会的追求,不同的是,甲文对理想社会进行了 ,乙文则是 。 4.乙文中与甲文“黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐”相对应的句子是 。

5.概括甲文的大意 第三文段〔甲〕嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲;居庙堂之高则忧其民;处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧。

然则何时而乐耶?其必曰“先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎。噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?(选自范仲淹《岳阳楼记》) 〔乙〕上①与群臣论止盗。

或请重法以禁之,上哂之曰:“民之所以为盗者,由赋繁役重,官吏贪求,饥寒切身,故不暇②廉肚耳,肤当去奢省费,轻徭③薄赋,选用廉吏,使民衣食有余,则自不为盗,安用重法邪?”自是数年之后,海内升平④,路不拾遗,外户不闭,商旅野宿焉。 (选自司马光《资治通鉴》)) 注①〔上〕皇上,这里指唐太宗,②〔不暇〕顾不上。

③〔徭〕古时统治者强制人民承担的无偿劳动。④〔升平〕太平。

1.解释下列句中加点词。(2分) ①处江湖之远则忧其君( ) ②自是数年之后( ) 2.下列句子与成语中加点词意思相同的一项是( )(2分) A.予尝求古仁人之心 不求甚解B.然则何时而乐耶 怏怏不乐 C.或请重法以禁之 鸿鹄之志D.故不暇廉耻耳 温故知新 3.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。

(4分) (1)不以物喜,不以己悲。译句: (2)安用重法邪?译句: 4.用文中的句子回答下列各题。

(3分) (1)甲文表达了作者“ , ”的忧乐观。(1分) (2)乙文中唐太宗认为防止盗窃的三种办法是“ , , ” 。

(1分) (3)从乙文中可以看出,作为国君,唐太宗做到了“ ”。(用甲文中的语句回答,共九个字)(1分) 第四文段 [甲]予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。

衔远山,吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无际涯;朝晖夕阴,气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也,前人之述备矣。

然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎? (节选自

朝而往,暮而归,四时之景不同,而乐亦无穷也。 (节选自(醉翁亭记)) 1.解释下列加点词在文中的意思。

(1)朝晖夕阴 (2)此则岳阳楼之大观也 (3)山间之四时也 2.翻译下面的句子。 (1)前人之述备矣。

(2)野芳发而幽香。 3.[甲][乙]两段都写了观景时的感触,请把有关句子摘写出来。

[甲]: [乙]: 4. [甲]写登楼所见,[乙]写登山所见。除此之外,两段文字所写的景物还有哪些不同? 第五文段(甲)若夫日出而林霖开,云归而岩穴暝,晦明变化者,山间之朝暮也。

野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山之间四时也。朝而往,暮而归,四时之景不同,而乐亦无穷也。

…… 已而夕阳在山,人影散乱,太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游人去而禽鸟乐也。

然而禽鸟知山林之乐,而不知人之乐;人知从太守游而乐,而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。

太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。 (乙)修之来此①,乐其地僻而事简,又爱其俗之安闲。

既得斯泉于山谷之间,乃日与滁人仰而望山,俯而听泉。掇②幽芳而荫乔木,。

【原文】

司马光字君实,陕州夏县人也。父池,天章阁待制。光生七岁,凛然如成人,闻讲《左氏春秋》,爱之,退为家人讲,即了其大指。自是手不释书,至不知饥渴寒暑。群儿戏于庭,一儿登瓮,足跌没水中,众皆弃去,光持石击瓮破之,水迸,儿得活。其后京、洛间画以为图。仁宗宝元初,中进士甲科。年甫冠,性不喜华靡,闻喜宴独不戴花,同列语之曰:“君赐不可违。”乃簪一枝。

【解释】

司马光字君实(字和如今的小名差不多)父亲名字叫司马池,任天章阁待制(宋代官名)司马光7岁时,已经像成年一样(古代成年指弱冠,并非如今的18岁)听人讲《左氏春秋》特别喜欢,了解其大意后回来以后讲给家人听。从那以后,对于《左氏春秋》喜欢的爱不释手,甚至忘记饥渴和寒暑。一群小孩子在庭院里面玩,一个小孩站在大缸(瓮指大缸)上面,失足跌落缸中被水淹没,其他的小孩子都跑掉了,司马光拿石头砸开了缸,水从而流出,小孩子得以活命。长安、洛阳的人将这件事用图画记载下来,广为流传。仁宗宝元初,中进士甲科。刚满二十岁时,生性不喜欢豪华奢侈,(参加)闻喜宴(时),只有(我)不戴花,身旁的人说:“(花是)君王赐戴的,不能违反(不戴)。”(我)才(在帽檐上)插上一枝花。

【注释】①凛然:稳重的样子。 ②指:同“旨”,主要意思。 ③京、洛:指北宋时的开封和洛阳。 ④甫冠:指刚满二十岁。 ⑤华靡:奢华。 ⑥闻喜宴:朝廷赐宴新科进士及诸科及第的人。 ⑦同列:这里指同年考中进士的人。

两小儿辩日(1)

孔子东游(2),见(3)两小儿辩斗(4),问其(5)故(6)。

一儿曰:“我以(7)日始(8)出时去(9)人近,而日中(10)时远也。”

一儿以日初(11)出远,而日中时近也。

一儿曰:“日初出大如车盖(12),及(13)日中则(14)如盘盂(15),此不为(16)远者小而近者大乎?”

一儿曰:“日初出沧沧凉凉(17),及其日中如探汤(18),此不为近者热而远者凉乎?”

孔子不能决(19)也。

要学好文言文,就要多做这方面的题目或者多看一些文言文方面的书,多翻译一些文言篇目和故事,从而提高文言水平。

文言文教学是语文教学的重要组成部分,文言文试题是高考的重头戏,有的同学经常会问,平时如何学好文言文才不至于在高考中失分呢?我认为能注意以下几点,学好文言文、提升高考的命中率就没什么问题了。 第一,要有相关的历史知识。

常言说,文史不分家。每个人都是生活在一个时代里的,这个时代的政治、经济、文化等必定会对他产生影响。

所以,我们只有了解了这个人所处的时代,才能了解他的作品的内涵。比如屈原,他力主改革,希望楚国强大,但楚王“内惑于郑袖,外欺于张仪”,先疏远屈原,后把他流放汨罗江,使其改革之志不能实现,投江而死。

了解了这段历史,我们在理解《离骚》时就容易的多了。 第二,具备相关的文化常识。

中国古代文化博大精深,内涵丰富,并且有许多内容随着历史的发展不断地演变。如姓名和称谓,官职和科举,地理常识,宗法礼俗,服饰和器物,历法和刑法,古籍注释体例等八个方面所涉及的内容,古今有很大的差别。

这些内容虽然不需要学生全部掌握,但平时学习中遇到的也应积累下来作为自己的知识储备,以便在文言文学习和考试中随时调用。 第三,学会以“今人之心,度古人之腹”。

我们生活在当今社会,面对灾难,会团结一心,众志成城;面对丑恶,会抨击、鞭挞;我们会同心抵御外辱。其实这种思想感情是一脉相承的。

面对外辱,文天祥写下:“人生自古谁无死,留取丹心照汗青”,面对百姓的困苦,杜甫写下了:“朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨”,所以我们在学习古文时,应善于把古人和今人的情感放在一起对比联想,从而揣摩古人的思想,准确的理解文言文所反映的实质。 第四,把握课本,扎实文言文基础。

平时的文言文学习,一定要熟练掌握课本中所出现的知识点:①字音,包括多音字和异读字。②词义,包括古今异义、一词多义、词类活用。

③文言句式,包括特殊句式和文言复句。 第五,在学习一篇文言文中应做到如下几点:首先,整体把握文章,理解文章的主要内容;其次,在整体把握课文上落实对段的理解;再次,在具体的语言环境中,联系上下文进一步理解词句;最后,在前三个条件的基础上,进一步理解文章的深层含义。

总之,平时的学习能做到以上几点就会为高考打下坚实的基础.。

每天一篇英语文章阅读

没用,因为你没有消化,学英语要有目的性方向要明确,

这是循环渐进的过程 话说回来 你把单词背好了 句子成分构造分清了 再做 效果更好

应该可以,至少可以培养语感

一天一篇太少一天不在乎做几篇,在于做过的都仔细研读,不会的单词语法句子段落都要弄明白,要适时复习,才算做过有效果。日积月累,最起码坚持三个月吧才能有明显提升自己弄不明白要找明白人问。

读者卷首语100篇文章

三年级作文集卷首语:

1、生活的每一天都能欣赏,失败也有失败的美。

2、选择是一种智慧也是一次又一次选择的结果。

3、情不知所起,一往而深,生者可以死,死可以生。

4、总有一段文字,影响生命的成长,总有一个人在生命中,留下抹不去的痕迹,朗读者一个人一段文。

5、人生,缘始于“遇见”,情长于“陪伴”。陪伴是温暖人心的力量;陪伴是最长情的告白;陪伴,是我能给你最好的礼物。一篇好文,一个好故事,一次真诚的分享。朗读,也是一种陪伴。不喧哗,自有声。

6、生存还是毁灭,这是一个永恒的选择题,以至于到最后我们成为什么样的人,可能不在于我们的能力,而在于我们的选择。

7、朗读者就是朗读的人,在我看来可以分为两部分来理解,朗读是传播文字,而人则是展现生命,和值得关注的文字完美结合,就是我们的朗读者。

卷首语就是扣题,要很鲜明的点出你写的东西是干什么用的。以员工日志为例:首先你要在卷首语里点明你这本东西是什么,主要记录了些什么,然后为什么出这本东西。比如庆祝10周年,就可以开头点明,逢XX十年庆典,回顾这10周年来,(公司发展程度如何),这些发展都是与员工的辛勤奉献离不开的,借此机会出版员工日志,主要包含了XX内容,为了XX目的。其中具体内容自己斟酌了,卷首语不用字数很多,100-200字足够,关键是要点出你后面员工日志是为什么制作,主要内容,以及通过制作要达到什么目的即可。

导语:写卷首语不必拘泥于某种现成的所谓格式,只要是能够阐明意义,或是表达想法即可。可以是对杂志的总结,也可以是杂志的来龙去脉或是应某某之邀的缘由,甚至是个人的感悟或心灵的思索。要注意,一得贴近受众,不能脱离杂志宗旨。二得有亮点,因为这是开卷第一篇文章,要让人能读得下去,要么有意境,要么有趣味。

卷首语怎么写

形式有散文、篇幅短小的故事或几句话。 卷首语:可以增添人性的关怀,每日更新20字左右,一段产业感言或者流行车评,题材内容涉及广泛。

《读者》的“经典卷首语”始于 1985 年第 1 期。本刊的老读者可能记得,那 一年的“卷首语”基本上是主编写的“本期导读”。1986 年,编辑部发现, 读者对“卷首语”的希求已在导读之上。

于是编辑部决定,将“卷首语”的 版面让给名家和名篇。从此,《读者》的“卷首语”逐步演化为一个知名的 栏目。在编辑看来,每期的“卷首语”应是钻石之于珠宝;在读者看来,“卷 首语”则是精华之于精品。

卷首语怎么写

幸福的柴门

栖云

假如通往幸福的门是一扇金碧辉煌的大门,我们没有理由停下脚步;但假如通住幸福的门是一扇朴素的简陋的甚至是寒酸的柴门,该当如何?

我们千里迢迢而来,带着对幸福的憧憬、热望和孜孜不倦的追求,带着汗水、伤痕和一路的风尘,沧桑还没有洗却,眼泪还没有揩干,沾满泥泞的双足拾级而上,凝望着绝非梦想中的幸福的柴门,滚烫的.心会陡然间冷却吗?失望会笼罩全身吗?我决不会收回叩门的手。

岁月更迭,悲欢交织,命运的跌打,令我早已深深懂得什么是生命中最最值得珍惜的宝贝。只要幸福住在里面,简陋的柴门又如何,朴素的茅屋又如何!幸福的笑容从没因身份的尊卑贵贱失去它明媚的光芒。我跨越山川大漠,摸爬滚打对求的是幸福本身,而不是幸福座前的金樽、手中的宝杖。幸福比金子还珍贵,这是生活教会我的真理。

卷首语怎么写

如果生命的春天重到,古老的凝冰都哗哗地解冻,那时,我会再看见灿烂的微笑,再听见明朗的呼唤,这些迢遥的梦。这些好东西都绝不会消失,因为一切好东西都永远存在,它们只是像冰一样凝结,而有一天会像花一样重开。我想,等待一朵花的开放,应该是这世上最为美妙的事了。初冬时节,楚楚落雪,满目银白,落叶的枝头上,依然是光秃秃一片,想象着春天时那满树繁花、姹紫嫣红的美景,依稀看见那洁白而美丽的花朵,开满了一树,那娇嫩的花朵呀,慢慢地绽放,一朵,一朵,静静地开。我站在树下,笑看生命的美丽。看呀,天是那么的蓝,花是那么的美,鸟声是那么的脆。于是,等待花开。

应是择自《新老年》杂志,作者孔鸣。新老年新气象孔 鸣“新老年”这个概念尚未在文坛出现,本刊先行一步,走到时代前沿,开拓这片“夕阳事业”“朝阳产业”。创刊的消息一经公布,来稿踊跃,可用海量这个词来形容。从自然来稿中淘稿,其难度和工作量之大,可想而知。受人力所限,所有来稿不能一一回复,但对于一些有潜质的作者,我还是忍不住提出修改意见,给予鼓励,望其成篇。印象最深的是《母亲的红包》。王福日的文字带给读者阅读的快乐,行文举轻若重,一个伟大母亲的形象跃然纸上,欢笑之后,是内心的苦涩和含泪的感动。成雪宇的《父亲和他的<菜根潭>》读来也是令人动容——文中的父母形象个性鲜明独特,互相依靠的生活场景,没有真情实感的生活体验是写不出来的。“新老年”作家辛国云的《陪母亲看戏》,与其说是行孝,更是报恩。姜还是老的辣,文笔凝重,对戏剧的评述,母子二人入戏的神态,描述到位,仅品文字,也是一种享受,更何况“人戏合一”,情感动人。“六十花季”出自一位将军之手。他是第一个给我打电话询问投稿情况的作者。放下电话,我就去邮箱里“大海捞针”调取他的来稿,结果是一上午也没找到,只好给他打电话过去,让他发到我的个人邮箱里,而他不是太懂电脑方面的事,是孩子帮他投稿,好在他会玩微信,就通过微信发来这篇文章。题目让我眼前一亮,便决定留用。我与作者有缘,这很有意思。“亲情亦香”的作者刘建,五十多岁的人了在外地打工,通过文字抒发对女儿的思念之情,一颗“拳拳父爱”的“新老年”形象凸现眼前,文中的月季花香与女儿的音容笑貌相溶,此情此景,的确令人怦然心动。李玉红的“忘忧草”也是此类手法,花与人相互映照,歌颂平凡的母亲所彰显的伟大母爱,值得品读。沈会芬的小小说《情韵》,难能可贵之处是不落俗套,避开了平铺直叙最后突然来一个意外结果的“欧·享利”式写作。她耍了点小手腕,视角转换切到了解放战争时期,让小说有了“历史纵深感”,有了“双重文本”效果,有了深刻的内涵。小小说虽小,但只要蕴含大能量,就令人刮目相看。本期推出的80后青年诗人刘忠伟的组诗“仙人球”,接地气,温暖亲切,像个“新老年”在跟你拉家常,但字里行间无不透出作者的“亲情关怀”。“新老年”刚刚问世,尚若婴儿,“夕阳”刚从东方升起,还是一轮朝气蓬勃的“朝阳”。感谢广大作者、读者的厚爱,本刊将不负众望,努力打造“新老年”这个品牌。新老年新观念,本刊的办刊理念是抒写当下老年人积极的精神状态,弘扬引领时代的积极能量,成为青年人的导师,老年人的楷模,更是老年人心灵的寓所、精神的家园。

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