英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文
以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introduction
A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
英语论文开题报告范文参考
下面是一篇由我为您整理的英语论文的开题报告范文，虽然不是特别好，但也反应了开题报告的格式和写法，有一定的.借鉴价值。
Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies
1 Introduction
The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).
DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.
2 Outline
Development and major concepts of DTS
In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
Methodolgy
I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
DTS in contrast to other theories
A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
Case study
In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
Conclusion
Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)
附录1- 引文范例
“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)
“噢，这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰，1990：59-60)
附录2- 参考文献范例
Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988.
Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.
题目定了么，格式给我。
英语专业论文开题报告模板 题 目：呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫性格的双重性的分析一、选题的目的、意义(理论、现实)和国内外研究概况 1.目的和意义：《呼啸山庄》是十九世纪英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特生平创作的唯一一部小说。小说的故事情节主要是围绕希斯克厉夫和凯瑟琳的爱情展开的，希斯克厉夫的“爱一恨一复仇一人性复归”既是小说的精髓，又是贯穿作品始终的线索。评论家们对这部经典文学作品历来意见纷纭，尤其是对小说中的男主人公希斯克厉夫的讨论。评论家们对小说中希斯克利夫的性格从不同的方面进行了分析。全面而深入地分析希斯克厉夫这一人物对我们更好地研究小说起至关重要的作用。 小说中最精彩的部分就是希斯克厉夫与凯瑟琳之间的爱情故事，他们之间的爱情已远远超出了一般意义上的爱情，可以说是一种超人间的爱。但也就是这种爱情的产生和发展成了主人公西斯科历夫的性格中双重性形成的一个关键原因。本课题从西斯科历夫的被虐与自虐，懦弱与勇敢来分析主人公的性格成因，从而促使读者更好的理解艾米丽的呼啸山庄 2.国内外研究概况： 国内外许多的专家学者都对呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫的性格进行了分析。许多的专家学者从不同的角度分析了希斯克利夫的性格的双重性形成的原因进行分析，有的从社会背景原因进行了分析。有些学者认为他的性格是扭曲而自虐的，而有的学者则认为他是爱情中的英雄，敢爱敢恨。 许多的学者对希斯克利夫性格的成因进行了分析如闫红梅，张润翻译的艾米莉·勃朗特.呼啸山庄中说到因为欣德利“那样对待希斯克利夫，圣徒也会被他变成恶魔的” 。刘风辉也在《复杂的双面人》中说道希斯克利夫特殊的性格完全是他周围的环境所造成的。毋庸置疑，金钱主宰一切是当时社会的标准，贫穷是可耻的。无论是否因你的过错而导致的贫穷，无论是否你有努力的过程，只要你现在仍是衣衫褴 褛 ，你就注定遭受耻辱。贫穷带来的无穷无尽的耻辱生活就像一把刻刀，不断雕刻、改变着希斯克利夫的性格。而陈一萍在《希斯克利夫是浪漫主义英雄还是恶魔》中认为上帝是有报复性的，人类不会比他做得更好，希斯克利夫他不能超脱于人性，他也会为他所受到的.伤害进行报复。因此，从多角度出发，综合多种角度对希斯克利夫的性格分析有着重大的意义。 二、本课题的理论依据、研究内容和研究方法、步骤及进度安排 1.研究内容： 本课题对呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫的性格的双重性的形成进行分析，分析希斯克利夫性格中自虐与被虐的原因，在爱情中勇敢与懦弱的双重性性格成因。 首先会分析希斯克利夫在幼年时作为一个正常人得性格特征。 【幼年时的被虐】 其次分析长大后的希斯克利夫在复仇中所表现出来的冷酷与扭曲的性格。 【希斯克利夫的自虐】 再次：从希斯克利夫复仇后的性格分析，在他双重性的性格下是人性的扭曲。 最后通过对希斯克利夫的性格的分析，可以得到人性的回归。 2.研究方法： 查阅法：通过对相关文献进行查阅，从多种角度了解西斯科利福性格的成因。 分析法：通过对艾米丽笔下的西斯科历夫的性格分析，分析他性格双重性形成的原因。 比较法：通过西斯科厉夫的被虐与自虐，勇敢与懦弱进行对比。 3.步骤： 选题——开题——初稿——完善——截稿 4.进度安排： 11月 提交开题报告 12月 完成初稿 4月 完成论文写作 三、本课题的重点、难点，预期结果和成果形式 1.本课题的重点、难点： 本文将从西斯科历夫的被虐与自虐，勇敢与懦弱进行分析，从他最开始的正常性格到后来的性和扭曲的变化分析他性格中双重性的形成原因。以及他性格中的勇敢与懦弱也注定了他性格的扭曲。分析中凯瑟琳是一个影响西斯科厉夫的重要人物，而他们的爱情则是他性格双重性形成的至关重要的原因。最后，不论西斯科历夫的性格怎样扭曲，始终抵不过人性，从他最后的结局我们看到了人性的回归。 2.预期结果： 能够做到分析定位，表达清楚，提高对英文小说中人物性格的准确分析，达到论文研究的目的。 3.成果形式： 论文 ;
翻译专业开题报告
开题报告是毕业论文答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的一个重要依据材料。下面是我为大家收集整理的翻译专业开题报告，欢迎阅读。
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introduction
A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
选题的原因、基本内容：
英语成语(idiom)是英语的核心与精华。其内容丰富，寓意深刻，具有浓厚的感情色彩。如果能在文章、谈话或对外交往中，恰当地加以运用，会大大增加语言的表达能力，收到良好的效果。英语谚语是英语语言的'精华，是英国艺术宝库的瑰丽明珠。英语谚语的句式特点是句式简单，语言精炼，富于形象比喻，充满浓郁的民族色彩。学习和研究英语谚语有助于启迪思想，开拓视野，了解英国的历史文化、风土人情，以及英国人民的人生哲理，同时还可以学到生动活泼的大众语言。
本文通过比较英汉成语及谚语这两种语言的相似及不同之处，详细的介绍英语成语及谚语。第一部分主要从内容和形式两方面谈谈英语成语及谚语的基本特色;第二部分谈及英语成语及谚语的一般翻译方法和翻译时应该注意的一些问题。
相关资料收集情况：
陈亚光。小议英谚语和成语的创新。上海外国语学院学报，1983。
黄粉保。英汉成语翻译漫谈。云梦学刊，1999/2
顾雪梁。语成语英译探索。广州师范学院学报，1993/2。
张培基，喻云根，李宗杰，彭谟禹。《英汉翻译教程》。北京：中国外语教育出版社，xx/8
杨永和。英语谚语的修辞特点研究。重庆工学院学报,xx/3。
论文提纲：
thesis statemen：this essay discourse the features and translation of english
idioms and proverbs. and from the society culture to find out the basic different between chinese.
outline
ⅰ. introduction: for chinese students, english idioms and proverbs is a stumbling block. so the characteristics and translation of idioms and proverbs should be studied.
ⅱ. the characteristics of english idioms and proverbs
a. the characteristics of english idioms
1. simple but rich
2. harmonious phonology
3. vivid metaphor
b. the characteristics of english proverb
1. concise and clear
2. symmetrical sentence pattern
3. rich and varied rhetoric
ⅲ. the translation of english idioms and proverbs
a. the theories of translation
1. literal translation
2. free translation
3. mechanical application of the synonym chinese proverb
4. literal translation and free translation
b. the points of translation
1. the literal translation of proverbs prohibited
2. the translation of proverbs to keep the original text style
3. the translation of proverbs to notice the national characteristic
4. the translation of proverbs to notice the artistic characteristic
ⅳ. conclusion
指导教师意见：
指导教师签名：
年 月 日
英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文
以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introduction
A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
在网上找的 我也刚写完 这个差不多很规范了本科毕业论文开题报告论文题目the Application and Innovation of Gothicism in Wuthering Heights 一、选题的意义和研究现状1．选题的目的、理论意义和现实意义 长时期以来, 人们视艾米莉•勃朗特为英国文学中的“斯芬克斯”。关于她本人和她的作品都有很多难解之谜, 许多评论家从不同的角度、采用不同的方法去研究, 得出了不同的结论, 因而往往是旧谜刚解, 新谜又出, 解谜热潮似永无休止。 本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉, 指出艾米莉•勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统, 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力, 将现实与超现实融为一体, 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力, 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一, 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的“黑色浪漫主义”, 又超越了维多利亚时代的“现实主义”, 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。2．与选题相关的国内外研究和发展概况 各民族的文学中都有许多惊险、恐怖的故事, 但似乎没有哪一种文学像英美文学那样不仅创作出数量众多、质量优秀的恐怖文学作品, 而且还形成了一个持续发展、影响广泛的哥特传统( Gothic tradition) 。哥特文学现在已经成为英美文学研究中的一个重要领域。对哥特文学的认真研究开始于20 世纪二三十年代, 到70 年代以后, 由于新的学术思潮和文学批评观念的影响, 该研究出现了前所未有而且日趋高涨的热潮。根据在国际互联网上的搜索, 到2000 年9月为止, 英美等国的学者除发表了大量关于哥特文学的论文外, 还至少出版专著达184部, 其中1970 年以后为126 部, 仅90 年代就达59 部, 几乎占总数的三分之一。当然,近年来哥特文学研究的状况不仅在于研究成果迅速增加, 更重要的是它在深度和广度方面都大为拓展, 并且把哥特传统同英美乃至欧洲的历史、社会、文化和文学的总体发展结合起来。二、研究方案1．研究的基本内容及预期的结果（大纲） 研究的基本内容:本文立足于欧美文学中的哥特传统研究《呼啸山庄》的创作源泉, 指出艾米莉•勃朗特在主题、人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都借鉴了哥特传统, 同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力, 将现实与超现实融为一体, 给陈旧的形式注入了激烈情感、心理深度和新鲜活力, 达到了哥特形式与激情内容的完美统一, 使《呼啸山庄》既超越了哥特体裁的“黑色浪漫主义”, 又超越了维多利亚时代的“现实主义”, 从而展现出独具一格、经久不衰的艺术魅力。 预期的结果（大纲）:1．A Survey of Gothic Definition of Gothic the Origin of Gothic Novels Historical Reasons Folklore in Germantic Nationality Drama in the Renaissance the Bible and Legends in Christianity Development of the Novel Itself Challenge of Romanticism to Rationalism Sublime and Beautiful2. Emily’s Gothic Heritage Theme Good and Evil Revenge Characters Description Villain-hero Delicate Young Girl Atmosphere, Environment and Plot Terror Mystery ’s Gothic Innovation Combination of romanticism and Realism Change of the Background Use of Symbolism Stream of Consciousness Illusion and Subconsciousness . Description of Figure Emotion and PsychologyReference2．拟采用的研究方法 主要有资料查找、理论探讨研究、阅读法3.研究所需条件和可能存在的问题研究所需条件：纸张、打印设备、图书馆、互联网上获取国内外文献资料；可能存在的问题：(1)文献不足; (2) 由于个人的观点和能力，使对研究对象分析不够全面和深入。三、研究进度安排、参考文献及审查意见1．研究进度安排（1）论文指导第一周（学期第八周）：学生完成初稿。（2）论文指导第二周（学期第九周）：指导教师审阅论文初稿后发回修改。（3）论文指导第三周（学期第十周）：学生交论文第二稿。（4）论文指导第四周（学期第十一周）：指导教师审阅第二稿并发回给学生进一步修改。（5）论文指导第五周（学期第十二周）：定稿（6）论文指导第六周（学期第十三周）：交定稿的打印稿和电子文本。（7）论文指导第六周（学期第十三周）：本周星期五至论文指导第七周（学期第周）星期五，指导教师和评阅教师写评语，学生做好答辩准备。（8）论文指导第七周（学期第十四周）：星期三至论文指导第八周（学期第十五周）开展答辩工作。2. 应收集资料及主要参考文献（不少于8条）[1] Bronte, Charlotte. 1907. Charlotte Bronte’s preface to the second edition, Wuthering Heights. London: J. M. Dent Sons Ltd. p. 20.[2] Gerin, Winifred. 1971. Emily Bronte [M]. New York: Oxford University Press.[3] Marie, Mulvey-Roberts. ed. handbook to gothic literature [A]. New York: New York University Press. p. 83.[4] Punter, David. 1980. The Literature of Terror [M]. London: Longman. p. 6.[5] 方平. 1993 .希望在人间—论〈呼啸山庄〉(《呼啸山庄》译序) [M]. 上海译文出版社. 第24页.[6] 盖斯凯尔夫人. 2000 .夏洛蒂•勃朗特传[M]. 张淑荣等译. 北京: 团结出版社. 第11—12页.[7] 肖明翰. 2001. 英美文学中的哥特传统[J]. 外国文学评论第3期.[8] 鲜于静. 2003. 神秘和怪诞的魅力——福克纳小说《八月之光》的哥特艺术研究[MA]. 中国学位论文全文库.
英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文
以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introduction
A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
开题报告怎么写一、课题开题报告含义与作用开题报告， 就是当课题方向确定之后，课题负责人在调查研究的基础上撰写的报请上级 批准的选题计划。 它主要说明这个课题应该进行研究，自己有条件进行研究以及准备如何开 展研究等问题， 也可以说是对课题的论证和设计。开题报告是提高选题质量和水平的重要环节。二、开题报告的结构与写法开题报告主要包括以下几个方面：(一)课题名称(二)课题研究的目的、意义(三)国内外研究现状、水平和发展趋势。就是本课题有没有人研究，研究达到什么水平， 存在什么不足以及正在向什么方向发展等。开题报告写这些内容一方面可以论证本课题 研究的地位和价值， 另一方面也说明课题研究人员对本课题研究是否有较好的把握。我们进行任何科学研究，必须对该问题的研究现状有清醒的了解，这在第一部分已经谈到。(四)课题研究的理论依据。我们现在进行的课题基本上都是应用研究和发展研究，这就要求我们的研究必须有一些基本的理论依据来保证研究的科学性。比如： 我们要进行活动课实验研究，我们就必须以课程理论、学习心理理论、教育心理学理论为研究试验的理论依据。我们进行教学模式创新实验，就必须以教学理论、教育实验理论等为理论依据。(五)课题主要研究内容、方法(六)研究工作的步骤(七)课题参加人员的组成和专长。主要看参加人员的整体素质与水平，尤其是课题负责人的水平怎么样。如果参加人员和负责人既没有理论又没有实践经验， 这个课题就无法很 好地完成，也就无法批准立项。(八)现有基础。主要是人员基础和物质基础。很多课题对人员和设备方面要求是比较高的，如果基本的研究条件都没有，这个课题同样不能立项。(九)经费估算。就是课题在哪些方面要用钱，用多少钱，怎么管理等。
百度文库搜索文档或关键词毕业论文 开题报告毕业论文开题报告范文VIP免费 2019-03-26 2页 用App免费查看毕业论文开题报告范文[1]毕业论文开题报告 开题报告是指开题者对科研课题的一种文字说明材料。这是一种新的应用写作文体，这种文字体裁是随着现代科学研究活动计划性的增强和科研选题程序化管理的需要应运而生的。开题报告一般为表格式，它把要报告的每一项内容转换成相应的栏目，这样做，既便于开题报告按目填写，避免遗漏；又便于评审者一目了然，把握要点。 开题报告包括综述、关键技术、可行性分析和时间安排等四个方面 。 开题报告作为毕业论文答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一。 由于开题报告是用文字体现的论文总构想,因而篇幅不必过大,但要把计划研究的课题、如何研究、理论适用等主要问题。 开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题,并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法。 开题报告是由选题者把自己所选的课题的概况(即"开题报告内容")，向有关专家、学者、科技人员进行陈述。然后由他们对科研课题进行评议。亦可采用"德尔菲法"评分；再由科研管理部门综合评议的意见，确定是否批准这一选题。开题报告的内容大致如下：课题名称、承担单位、课题负责人、起止年限、报名提纲。报名提纲包括： (1)课题的目的、意义、国内外研究概况和有关文献资料的主要观点与结论； (2)研究对象、研究内容、各项有关指标、主要研究方法(包括是否已进行试验性研究)； (3)大致的进度安排； (4)准备工作的情况和目前已具备的条件(包括人员、仪器、设备等)； (5)尚需增添的主要设备和仪器(用途、名称、规格、型号、数量、价格等)； (6)经费概算； (7)预期研究结果； (8)承担单位和主要协作单位、及人员分工等。 同行评议，着重是从选题的依据、意义和技术可行性上做出判断。即从科学技术本身为决策提供必要的依据。[2]如何撰写毕业论文开题报告开题报告的基本内容及其顺序：论文的目的与意义；国内外研究概况；论文拟研究解决的主要问题；论文拟撰写的主要内容（提纲）；论文计划进度；其它。 其中的核心内容是“论文拟研究解决的主要问题”。在撰写时可以先写这一部分，以此为基础撰写其他部分。具体要求如下： 1．论文拟研究解决的问题 明确提出论文所要解决的具体学术问题，也就是论文拟定的创新点。 明确指出国内外文献就这一问题已经提出的观点、结论、解决方法、阶段性成果、……。 评述上述文献研究成果的不足。 提出你的论文准备论证的观点或解决方法，简述初步理由。 你的观点或方法正是需要通过论文研究撰写所要论证的核心内容，提出和论证它是论文的目的和任务，因而并不是定论，研究中可能推翻，也可能得不出结果。开题报告的目的就是要请专家帮助判断你所提出的问题是否值得研究，你准备论证的观点方法是否能够研究出来。 一般提出3或4个问题，可以是一个大问题下的几个子问题，也可以是几个并行的相关问题。 2．国内外研究现状 只简单评述与论文拟研究解决的问题密切相关的前沿文献，其他相关文献评述则在文献综述中评述。基于“论文拟研究解决的问题”提出，允许有部分内容重复。 3．论文研究的目的与意义 简介论文所研究问题的基本概念和背景。 简单明了地指出论文所要研究解决的具体问题。 简单阐述如果解决上述问题在学术上的推进或作用。 基于“论文拟研究解决的问题”提出，允许有所重复。 4．论文研究主要内容 初步提出整个论文的写作大纲或内容结构。由此更能理解“论文拟研究解决的问题”不同于论文主要内容，而是论文的目的与核心。[3]毕业论文开题报告的格式(通用) 由于开题报告是用文字体现的论文总构想，因而篇幅不必过大，但要把计划研究的课题、如何研究、理论适用等主要问题说清楚，应包含两个部分：总述、提纲。1 总述开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题，并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法、必要的数据等等。2 提纲开题报告包含的论文提纲可以是粗线条的，是一个研究构想的基本框架。可采用整句式或整段式提纲形式。在开题阶段，提纲的目的是让人清楚论文的基本框架，没有必要像论文目录那样详细。3 参考文献开题报告中应包括相关参考文献的目录4 要求开题报告应有封面页，总页数应不少于4页。版面格式应符合以下规定。开 题 报 告学 生：一、 选题意义1、 理论意义2、 现实意义二、 论文综述1、 理论的渊源及演进过程2、 国外有关研究的综述3、 国内研究的综述4、 本人对以上综述的评价三、论文提纲前言、一、1、2、3、··· ···二、1、2、3、··· ···三、1、2、3、结论四、论文写作进度安排毕业论文开题报告提纲一、开题报告封面：论文题目、系别、专业、年级、姓名、导师二、目的意义和国内外研究概况三、论文的理论依据、研究方法、研究内容四、研究条件和可能存在的问题五、预期的结果六、进度安排[4]毕业论文毕业论文是高等学校应届毕业生总结性的独立作业，是学生运用在校学习的基本知识和基础理论，去分析、解决一两个实际问题的实践锻炼过程，也是学生在校学习期间学习成果的综合性总结，是整个教学活动中不可缺少的重要环节。撰写毕业论文对于培养学生初步的科学研究能力，提高其综合运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题能力有着重要意义。开通VIP，免费获得本文 版权说明：本文档由用户提供并上传，收益归属内容提供方，若内容存在侵权，请进行举报或认领分享收藏下载转存打开App，查看更多同类文档 活动图片相关推荐文档 专业PPT定制-七天内免费修改 开题报告范文用App免费获取 开题报告范文用App免费获取 开题报告范文用App免费获取 论文开题报告推荐用App免费获取 毕业设计开题报告热门用App免费获取 开题报告毕业答辩好评 毕业论文开题报告范本 毕业论文开题报告范文.doc 优秀报告范文：本科优秀毕业论文开题报告范文 毕业论文开题报告__最佳范文!精品课程耶鲁大学公开课：麦克米兰报告￥299德鲁克管理课堂17课节2020年软考系统规划与管理师：论文精讲￥128定位软考11课节如何撰写“教学实施报告”-获奖教师经验分享￥老张创作传媒2课节查看百度文库官方百度文库，让每个人平等地提升自我为你推荐论文指导发表论文研究生毕业论文开题报告毕业论文硕士论文开题报告旅游论文免费领文库VIP下载并登录文库大学生APP领取加入VIP免费下载低至元/天
要做一份体育地论文开题报告，那么你们知道怎么做更好吗?下面是我为大家整理的体育论文开题报告范文，欢迎阅读。
题目来源社会实践题目种别理论研究指导教师
选题的目的、意义(理论意义、现实意义)：
海拔差异就是利用海拔差，针对要进行参加比赛、参加体育的考生进行的赛前和考前的集训，体育论文开题报告范文。本课题研究的是世居高原的体育考生(冷环境的刺激)、通过短时间的练习。下达到比世居海拔要低的高海拔进行考试。丽江相对于昆明来说、就相当于高原、丽江体育考生在每年的三月份都同一上昆明参加体育专业分考试(云南省同一举行)。然而高原练习是当前运动练习中的一个热门。与相对低的高原相比,它具有一定的特殊性和难度,作为一种特殊的练习方法,对竞技体育的发展和体育考生的成绩将起到巨大的作用,但还有很多方面值得进一步探讨,只有在实践中不断积累经验,把握它的规律性才能运用成功。
针对海拔差异对丽江体育考天生绩的影响。能够让丽江带训体育考生的教练有一定的帮助。让前人的经验来更进一步的提醒和引导。让丽江体育考生能达到一个新的高度而努力。海拔高度让我们占据了重要地理位置，还有就是天气也给我们创造了有力条件。让云南体育重新审阅我们丽江体育考生的成绩;让中国乃至世界熟悉丽江海拔高度创造的运动成绩;让我们的体育考生考出更好的成绩。然而当高原世居者从高原到达次高原,即脱离低气压、低氧环境,进进到正常大气压,正常氧含量的环境时,适应了高原环境的生理性能需要作重新的调整以适应新的环境。此间可出现心率减慢,心搏量增加,过度通气消失等,这种改变称为低原反应或脱适应。这种"脱适应"反应,可能出现倦怠、无力、嗜睡、胸闷、头昏、腹泻等症状,还会出现血红蛋白含量降低、心率缓慢、心排血量和血容量增加、肺动脉高压逆转等症状,对身体造成不良后果。义乌网站优化对于世居高原体育考生来说,专业考试在次高原举行,机体从习惯的低压、低氧环境到相对的高压、高氧环境,这种外环境的改变必然对运动员的运动能力产生影响。次高原的高压、高氧环境对运动员的身体性能是否会出现次高原反应(脱适应反应),如何影响世居高原体育考生的运动水平;如何根据次高原考试时间和运动员下高原后身体性能的变化而确定下高原的时间等,这些都是高原教练员所关注的题目。从而了解宁蒗的体育考生的成绩状况(短跑.中长跑.耐力性项目等)…更好的利用海拔高度、天气等条件;使丽江(宁蒗)体育考生的成绩进步的基础上。在考条件前两星期以上的适应时间上昆明。致使世居高海拔的体育考生在高住高训转化适应低住低训;使丽江体育考生的成绩在原成绩上得到一定进步。
昆明位于中国西南云贵高原中部.海拔1895米;丽江市位于云南省西北部云贵高原与青躲高原的连接部位.市区中心海拔高度为2418米;宁蒗彝族自治县位于云南省西北部.县城在海拔2240米的大兴镇。
选题的研究现状(理论渊源及演化、国外相关研究综述、国内相关研究综述)：
丽江相对于昆明来说，就相当于高原。然而高原练习是当前运动练习中的一个热门。与相对低的高原相比,它具有一定的特殊性和难度,作为一种特殊的练习方法,对竞技体育的发展和体育考生的成绩将起到巨大的作用,但还有很多方面值得进一步探讨,只有在实践中不断积累经验,把握它的规律性才能运用成功。高原练习起源于20世纪50年代,伴随世居非洲高原的中长跑选手的崛起,国际上已经留意到高原环境对运动能力的影响,并开始有意识地开展高原练习以及对它进行研究。高原练习在国际的研究最早可以追溯到1963年前后(1963年国际奥运会在海拔2240m的墨西城举办),世界各国纷纷开展了高原练习,纵观这50年的发展历史,可将高原练习概括为4个阶段：萌芽阶段(50年代);第一个*阶段(60年代);争议中的探索阶段(70~80年代);快速发展阶段(90年代以后),高原练习方法得到了长足的发展,尤其西方一些国家在重大的赛前对竞技运动员进行高原练习已形成体系。一、高原练习理论与实践研究的现状中国事开展高原练习较早的国家之一,早在1961年春,国家体科所陈宝庆等对八一队36名中长跑运动员在昆明冬训四个月期间的生理性能进行测试,至此开创了中国高原练习理论与实践研究的先河。任何一门学科的发展都同良好的政治环境有关,也受到经济、社会文化和人们思想的约束。在竞技体育运动中,尤其在耐力项目中,居住在高原和高山地区的运动员对我国耐力性项目的发展做出了突出的贡献,并有着重要的地位。对于高原运动员来说,由于世居或长期生活在高原,通过一系列代偿反应,已基本对所居住海拔高度低氧环境产生钝化,如何更好地进步高原运动员的运动能力是个需要探讨的题目。
目前、全世界约5亿多人口居住在高原、高山地区,约占世界人口的十分之一。在竞技体育运动中,尤其在耐力项目中,居住在高原和高山地区的运动员取得了辉煌的成绩,并处于领先地位。早在1960年罗马奥运会上,地处海拔2500-3000m的埃塞俄比亚优秀运动员阿贝基拉获得马拉松冠军,之后,他又多次获得该项目的金牌。处于非洲同样地理条件的肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚和摩洛哥的长跑运动员相继也获得了国际长跑冠军。在我国,地处高原的云南、内蒙古、青海、甘肃的运动员,对我国耐力性项目的发展作出了突出贡献,并有着重要的地位。世居高原人的生理特点：人在高原生活,血液中的红细胞和血红蛋白的增高与神经系统、体液调节有关。世居高原的人,由于机体长期受缺氧刺激,促使红细胞天生素增多,红细胞天生增加,血红蛋白、红细胞压积增高。世居中等高度地区的人群,由于长期受轻度或中度缺氧刺激,产生了代偿性反应,从而心血管系统、呼吸系统的性能都较低海拔地区人群强,对于从事耐力性运动极为有利。
对于海拔差异对体育考生影响这片领域研究的既有代表性的文章目前作者未查到。在我所查阅的文献资料中，新浪微博注册前人对高原练习的研究是比较全面：人类自逐渐揭开高原环境的奥秘,熟悉其对人体内环境的影响以来,约有100多年历史,但有目的地对运动员进行高原练习,其时间不过半个多世纪。国际高原练习的研究最早可以追溯到1963年前后、尤其西方一些国家在重大的赛前对竞技运动员进行高原练习已形成体系。中国事开展高原练习较早的国家之一,早在1961年春,国家体科所陈宝庆等对八一队36名中长跑运动员在昆明冬训四个月期间的生理性能进行测试,至此开创了中国高原练习理论与实践研究的先河。20世纪90年代以来,高原练习进进一个快速发展阶段,高原练习受到了前所未有的重视。高原练习的实践经验和基础理论的研究进一步得到重视和完善;练习方法也在精益求精;科学化练习程度不断进步;并建立了一些新的练习手段及模拟练习方法;高原练习的成效明显增加。但是由于高原练习在刺激机体产生潜能的同时,也给机体产生一些负面影响，如血液浓缩造成循环阻力加大、对肌肉代谢的不利影响等。据报道,采用高原练习的项目已经发展到了几乎所有的奥运会项目。我所查阅的文献资料有：1：陈文聪.浙江省体育科学研究所(高原练习的起源、现状及发展方向)2：山本正嘉.高原对人体运动的影响.体育科学(日本),：安彦(1984-),女,山西太原人,助教,研究方向：运动生理学。久居或世居高原运动员的高原练习4：海拔差异影响大学生达标成绩的研究马小明1,任中海2(1青海民族学院,青海西宁810007;2青海大学,青海西宁810004)5：张冰中国体育博士高原练习的理论与实践--模拟不同时程高原练习对大鼠心肌影响的机制研究等等。莱文最初的成功实验是将9名长跑运动员分为两组：低地组3人,居住练习在1300m练习4周,专心率、血乳酸和摄氧量监测练习。高原组(6人)与低地组相比：摄氧量高5%;5km计时快30s;血容量高原练习后,高原组增加500ml,低地组下降150ml。该作者以为对高原的适应是进步运动能力的最重要因素。1994年冈德森(Stray-Gundersen)和莱文再次作高住低练试验,6名长跑运动员先在平原(海拔150m)进行4周练习,接着高住低练4周(高住2500m,低练1250m)之后,又在平原减量练习2周,前后共10周,4次测试,内容有：5km计时跑,亚极量跑台运动员时间,最大摄氧量,无氧能力,经高原练习4周末运动员在平原运动的能力最佳,无氧能力也出现较高值，开题报告《体育论文开题报告范文 ◆分享好文◆马尔丁(Martin,1994)利用高原缺氧效应结合短时间下山(每周2-3次)完成速度练习方法取得了一定的成绩。如在加利福尼亚基地,利用莱克-塔霍(1990m)和奥兰治韦尔(120m)进行(中间间隔132km)交替练习;在亚利桑那基地,利用弗拉格斯塔夫(2134m)和菲尼克斯(332m)进行(中间间隔22km)交替练习。目前,高住低练法已得到国际上的认可,并已用于高原练习中。1982年日本泳联进行了两次高原练习，K我音乐盒第一次是在美国科罗拉高原(海拔1800米)停留21天，在此期间反复多次到海拔4400米处进行跑步练习，其结果是女运动员的血红蛋白，血细胞比容都增加，且多数人的运动成绩都得到进步，德国著名教练居兰根(现澳大利亚执教.以前曾执教于中国)建议高原练习安排3一5次，且海拔高度逐渐升高。例如：第一次，800一2300米;第二次，2300一3400米;第三次，一800米(中跑)和2300米(长跑)，每次高原持续时间不断变化(如4一6一3周)较为有益，夏天，他常把队伍拉到墨西哥的托卢卡绿荫覆盖的丘陵(海拔2300米)，长满树木道路宽广的山地(海拔3200米)处练习，这些作法，打破了1974年墨尔本国际运动医学学会第20届运动医学会议所规定的界限，即超过2286米高度的练习要给予密切的留意，并禁止在3048米以上高度举行比赛，在实践中，高原地区运动员的练习高度也超出了这一规定。李福田先生剖析我国男子中长跑成绩落后的原因时指出：目前我国地处高原的省、区长年在高原练习，赛前下平原比赛，运动成绩也取得了一定的进步，但忽视了高原与平原交叉的系统练习，尚未充分利用高原效应的作用。高原练习;高原.平原和低海拔的交替练习都在一定程度上得到了较理想的成绩。
提出相应的对策或建议，综合国内外对此课题(高原练习)的研究。接合本地区的实际情况。在前人的基础上提出有利于本地区的独特见解和创新之处。致使丽江体育考生的成绩得到一定程度的进步和让带训教师在总结上次经验;来更好的带好下一届的体育考生。
论文(设计)主要内容(提纲)
一：前言
二：研究对象与方法
研究对象：昆明-丽江海拔差异;丽江体育考生(宁蒗民族中学、丽江市一中)
研究方法
文献资料法
访谈法(调查法)
实证法
三：昆明、丽江两地海拔差以及天气环境的比较。
昆明市中心的海拔高度和天气环境
丽江市海拔高度以及天气环境
丽江市城区的海拔高度以及天气环境
宁蒗县县城的海拔高度以及天气环境
昆明、丽江两地海拔差异以及天气环境的比较
昆明、宁蒗县县城两地海拔差异以及天气环境的比较
昆明、丽江市城区两地海拔差异以及天气环境的比较
两地海拔差异、天气环境比较总结
四：总结丽江部分中学体育考生自2005-2007年两地考试成绩比较
丽江部分中学赴昆明前所测成绩
宁蒗县民族中学
丽江市第一中学
丽江体育考生上昆明考试的成绩
宁蒗县民族中学
丽江市第一中学
两地考试成绩比较
五：带训老师为何提前两星期带体育考生上考试地
六：回纳两地海拔差异对丽江体育考生的影响
低压低氧对体育考生练习的影响
练习方法和手段对体育考生的影响
上考试地对体育考生生理的影响
考试前、考试中存在的题目以及分析
上昆明为何会出现这一系列题目
针对出现的题目分析解决方案
七：建议和相对应的措施
八：参考文献
拟研究的主要题目、重点和难点：
主要题目：根据自己的实践以及经过访谈、调查丽江体育考生基本情况进行片面性的了解。依据了解的内容以及结合自己对丽江部分中学体育练习情况的了解。进行总的构思，融会贯串。阐述丽江与昆明两地海拔差异、天气环境的偏差、以及在此基础上回纳其影响的原因和提出针对性的建议及相对应的措施。调查、访谈、查阅资料时所得到的资料不尽全面。在此过程中涉及到相应的访谈。相对所用的时间和精力就多也比较困难。
重点：研究利用本地区的海拔、天气等上风如何更好的进步体育考生的成绩;两地海拔差异所造成的影响。
难点：调查、访谈的全面性;资料的正确性;相关资料的的难查性。
参考文献：
1：昆明、丽江市海拔数据资料.
2：体育学院通用教材,运动生理学[M].北京：人民体育出版社,1990.
3：张冰主编.高原练习的理论与实践--模拟不同时程高原练习对大鼠心肌影响的机制研究【M】.北京：北京体育大学出版社，k狗音乐：3-138 4：杨生岳,等高原移居汉族和世居躲族低高氧通气反应性研究[J]中国应用生理学杂志,1995,11(2)：87-189
5：马小明\任中海.海拔差异影响大学生达标成绩的研究[J].中国体育报.2003，03(1)：1-6 6：安彦.久居或世居高原运动员的高原练习【J】.体育科学报，2008，01(1)：25-30 7：陈文聪.高原练习的起源、现状及发展方向【J】.体育科学报，(5)：24-28 8：山本正嘉.高原对人体运动的影响【J】.体育科学(日本),1990,40(6)：431~436
指导教师意见：
研究目标：
1：了解两地海拔差异以及天气环境的基本情况。
2：回纳2005-2007丽江部分中学体育考生两地的成绩。
3：阐述海拔差异(高原)对世居高原体育考生的有关影响。
4：提出与实际相符合的建议及改进措施。
研究方法、技术路线、实验方案、可行性分析：
研究方法：文献法、调查法、访谈法、实证法。
技术路线：查阅大量相关的文献资料，得到有力的数据。
整理文献资料，让自己更进一步的了解丽江体育考生，心中明确那里的体育考生的练习方法和手段。
依据路线：古城区--宁蒗县的部分中学进行调查、访谈。得到有力的数据、较正确的信息。为本课题的研究更具有说服力和真实感。
实验方案：通过对宁蒗民族中学2004--2006届30个学生和丽江一中8个学生进行调查、分析;访谈带训体育老师、讨论练习中出现和影响练习的因素、下达考试地所要留意事项及考试地对考生的相关影响;笔者参与实践(笔者属2004届高考体育考生)、访谈、实证法验证其真实正确性。
可行性分析：练习方面：根据本地区的实际情况以及所占有利条件。采用与世居高原的体育考生相符的练习方法(高原练习)与考虑时间而制定练习计划。在短时间内进步考生的运动成绩。从调查、实践等中得出这是可能的。
影响方面：海拔差对体育考生的影响(练习过程中相关影响、下达昆明的生理适应以及考试环境的相对适应等的影响)这些题目将在本课题中谈论到及作者提出对这些题目的个人见解。
研究的特色与创新之处：
海拔差异(冷环境)和有效的练习方法、手段影响体育考天生绩已成为事实。引领云南其它地区的体育考生走进丽江的练习基地;将海拔差异练习影响体育考天生绩得到进一步证实;提出相对适应世居高原的体育考生的练习方法与手段。
进度安排及预期结果：
进度安排：
进行论文相关资料分析总结阶段：调查、SEO访谈以及文献资料的分析。
论文设计阶段：论文内容设计分析;论文设计规划。
论文初稿的完成。
体育因其在教育、健康、文化、经济以及对外交往等方面发挥的重要作用,逐渐引起了世界各国的广泛关注。下面是我为大家整理的体育类开题报告范文，欢迎阅读。
设计(论文)题目：高校体育教育专业学生就业核心竞争力构成要素与对策研究
课题的根据：
1)说明本课题的理论、实际意义
2)综述国内外有关本课题的研究动态和自己的见解
一、本课题研究的理论意义、实际意义
1.本课题研究的理论意义
随着1999年第一次大扩招，大学毕业生就业与市场需求的暴露，大学生就业已经成为社会广泛关注的问题。当前，我国已进入高等教育大众化、国际化进程加快的时代，高校毕业生是我国急需的宝贵人才资源，每年有数万体育教育专业毕业生涌向社会寻求工作。据反映，受传统的教育体制和培养模式的影响，我国高校体育教育专业面对市场经济条件下各种体育人才的需求变化反应迟钝，应变性差，培养出来的学生也缺乏品牌竞争的优势，从而在社会竞争中处于非常不利的地位。因此，要想立足于竞争、并获得竞争优势，体育教育学生就必须要增强竞争实力，尤其是要培育和提升自身的核心竞争力，构建以学校核心竞争力为中心，形成学校人才培养成本低，高质量的竞争优势。
本课题综合应用系统论、中心地理论、可持续发展理论、市场经济学等加强和深化体育教育专业发展理论的研究，为高校体育教育专业学生更好就业提供理论指导。
2.本课题研究的实际意义
许多高校在很早以前就开始重视大学生的就业核心竞争力，并通过各种途径努力提高其本校大学生的就业核心竞争力，在这方面取得了显著的成果并积累了丰富的经验。而我校(湖南城市学院)作为一个新升本的院校，在这方面显得相对滞后，除了教学中软硬件投入和师资力量的不足外，还没有真正重视和采取具体的措施来培养和提高我校大学生的就业核心竞争力，因此我校体育教育专业就业现状不容乐观，我校体育教育专业毕业生无论在知识理论储备和实践能力方面都略显不足，继续升造(如考研)人数相对较少，学生整体素质有待提升，就业压力逐年增加。
本文主要就是从当前体育教育专业毕业生在面临激烈的人才竞争环境下如何能立于不败之地的角度提出了核心竞争力的概念,综述和分析了提高体育教育专业就业核心竞争力的时代背景和就业核心竞争力的特点以及我校体育教育专业就业核心竞争力的现状，对我校体育教育专业就业核心竞争力的构成要素与对策进行了探讨，同时从就业方面和体育教育专业学生自身方面提出了提高专业核心竞争力的几种途径。在相关理论的指导下，根据当代高校体育教育专业大学毕业生的实际情况，对此专业毕业生的就业竞争力进行合理、全面、系统的分析，明确影响体育教育专业就业和发展的各项构成要素，能帮助大学生认清自身的努力方向，促进大学生的全面发展。为高校体育教育毕业生的就业实践提供参考和借鉴。
二、国内外研究动态和自己的见解
1.国外研究状况
核心竞争力 (core competence) 也称之为核心能力或核心特长，这一理论来源于企业管理，代表人物是普拉哈拉德()和哈默尔()。1989年发表于《哈佛商业评论》的《与竞争者合作-然后胜利》这一论文，提出了核心竞争力是造就和增强公司的长期决定因素。1990 年，在《哈佛商业评论》又发表了《 公司的核心竞争力》一文，对核心竞争力做了如下定义：组织中的累积性学识，特别是关于如何协调各种生产技能和整合各种技术的学识。1991 年，杰伊.巴尼(jay barney )对核心竞争力的特征进行了概括，指出核心竞争力具有珍贵性、异质性、不能模仿、难以替代等特征，从而确定了核心竞争力的四项标准：有价值、稀有性、难模仿、无替代。
国外直接以“高校核心竞争力”为题进行研究的成果为数不多。不过，一些研究高等教育的文献中渗透着核心竞争力的思想，主要有4个角度：资源观、文化观、专业的动态能力、可持续发展。然而对于就业核心竞争力的构成，至今并没有一致的定论。美国培训与开发协会(ASTD，1990)将就业所需要的能力特征分为5个类别、16项技能，这五个类别分别是：基本胜任力、沟通能力、适应能力、群体效果、影响能力。瑞士联邦工业大学高等教育中心主任教授所领导的研究小组曾就大学毕业生获得职业成功的问题做过大规模的调查研究，得到并归纳出使大学生顺利就业并取得职业成功的5个要素，它们是：就业动机及良好的个人素质;人际关系技巧;掌握丰富的科学知识;有效的工作方法;敏锐的、广阔的视野。由此看出，国外对高校就业核心竞争力有一定的研究，对高校体育教育专业就业核心竞争力的发展有一定的参考意义。
2.国内研究状况
国内前人关于大学核心竞争力的研究主要分为四个方面：
第一种观点，“能力整合论”。主要代表者是北京师范大学的赖德胜、武向荣，他们从核心竞争力规范定义出发，在《论大学生核心竞争力》提出“大学的核心竞争力就是大学以技术能力为核心，通过对战略决策、科学研究以及成果产业化、课程设置与讲授、人力资源开发、组织管理等的整合或通过其某一要素的效用突现而使学校获得持续竞争优势的能力”。孟丽菊则在《大学核心竞争力的含义及概念塑型》认为，大学核心竞争力是大学独有的、长期形成并融入大学内质中支撑大学竞争优势，使大学在竞争中取得可持续生存与发展的能力系统。她强调大学核心竞争力的独有性和积累性。
“能力整合论”考虑到了大学内部和外部的环境，把核心竞争力归结为综合能力，其中几种能力是大学核心竞争力的支柱，由竞争结果反映竞争力的强弱。
第二种观点，“构成要素论”。持这种观点的研究者一般都从我国办学的实际出发提出高校核心竞争力的要素模型。王继华、文胜利在《论大学核心竞争力》中认为，“高校核心竞争力”要扬弃其原有涵义，用以指那些“促进大学走向成功，在大学竞争中起关键作用的要素”。我国大学核心竞争力要从我国大学办学历程和现实国情出发来界定，应重视以下核心要素:教师、管理和大学校长。李景渤认为，形成高校核心竞争力的要素有五个:人是形成核心竞争力的基础、技术是核心竞争力形成的关键、科学的管理体系能发挥整体优势、完善的信息系统是核心竞争力形成的重要保障、创新是保持长久竞争优势的动力。同样，罗红在《核心竞争力培养与竞争教育平台》认为，学校核心竞争力由三个要素构成:技术(教育能力、管理能力与科研能力)是关键，文化是基础，制度是保证。胡建华则在《试析研究型大学的本质一学问的生产能力》提出，大学的社会职能是培养人才、发展科学、服务社会，研究型大学发挥社会职能的基础是人才生产能力和学问生产能力。人才生产能力主要表现为生产的人才的规格、数量和质量等;学问的生产能力则指在科学的理论、法则、概念、物质的发明与发现方面的数量和质量。而学问生产能力是研究型大学的本质特征。株洲工学院书记兼院长张晓琪在《面向市场办学是新形势下大学校长的首要任务》一文中认为，普通本科院校的核心竞争力是“教学质量”，(其发展的灵魂是创新、形成自己的包装学科群和专业群)。应智国在《论专业群建设与高职办学特色》提出，专业群(专业体系和实训体系)设是职业技术学院的核心竞争力。专业群是指一个或若干个相近相关专业及其专业方向共同组成的专业群体。通过专业群建设可以形成自己的优势。(“人无我有，人有我优，人优我精”)。马士斌从分析高校竞争力的结构出发论述其核心要素。他认为高校竞争力要素共有七个层次:办学资金;知名度和美誉度;科研成果和毕业生;办学方向和办学能力;人的因素;内部管理体制与人力资源管理运行机制;高校主要负责人的素质等。在既定的外部管理体制条件下，人的因素是高校竞争力的核心。人的数量、素质、结构、配置、积极性、合作与竞争等影响核心竞争力的形成，而核心竞争力中的核心力量是教师。
“要素论”从大学的局部出发，把其中的一个或几个关键要素作为核心竞争力发展的契机，以便形成自己独特的核心竞争力。
第三种观点，“资源论”。夏仕武在《大学核心竞争力的内涵及其形成特征》认为，大学核心竞争力是“优势资源”，.是主体对大学资源有效运作而产生的，其表现为“深植于竞争主体的各种资源之中，以自身独有的核心能力为支撑点，在履行教学、科研、社会服务三大职能中运作自身资源所形成的整体能力”。金勇则在《大学竞争力机理分析与核心竞争力的形成》认为，高等院校的核心竞争力就是利用现有的资源使经济效益和社会效益最大化的并重与统一。经济效益是指多种渠道争取尽可能多的办学经费、投向合理的学科专业、努力降低培养成本、提高办学经费的使用效益;同时高校更应注重社会效益，高校的社会效益包括学校贡献给社会的人才、研究成果的数量和质量。许涛和龚波在《解读大学核心竞争力》提出，大学的核心竞争力与占有资源的多寡和配置有关，并且这种资源具有高度的稀缺性。主要包括市场资源、知识资源、人力资源和精神资源。
“资源论”把大学之间的竞争的本质归结为争夺稀有资源的能力，谁占有了稀有资源谁就拥有了核心竞争力。
第四种观点，“知识基础论”。以林莉，刘云芳为代表的“知识观”，在《.知识管理与高等学校核心竞争力》认为高等学校核心竞争力“是识别和提供优势的知识体系”，它“以高等学校基础设施为依托、以高等学校精神为共同愿景”，在“办学理念、组织管理、学术梯队、校园文化以及外部资源等竞争力诸要素协同作用”下形成，“是高等学校内部一系列互补的知识和技能的组合，它具有使高等学校达到国内甚至世界一流水平的能力”。同时提出知识管理是提高高等学校核心竞争力的一条有效途径。具体说来，通过创新价值观和管理观念、优化校园知识共享体系、改进激励机制、强化知识产权、激活知识价值等有效措施，加强对信息的有效控制和对知识的有效管理，这些举措可以有效地提升高等学校的核心竞争力。徐学兰从大学的知识特性入手认为，知识既是高校独特的资源，更是高校竞争优势的根源。不仅因为其内部知识特别是隐性知识难以被对手模仿，还在于当前的知识存量所形成的知识结构决定了每一所高校有不同的发现未来的机会、不同的创新能力，也正是这现有的知识决定了高校内各种资源发挥效能的程度不同。总之，只有知识才是高校竞争优势的源泉，是高校核心竞争力的本质特征之所在，是高校核心竞争力的基础。
“知识基础论”认为学习是核心竞争力的核心，核心竞争力的基础是知识。
设计 (论文)题目：对XX区中小学体育场馆使用与管理现状的调查研究
综述本课题研究动态、选题目的及意义
目前国内外主要研究体育场馆的设计、开放及利用现状、经营管理对策研究、利用率与开放率、发展存在的问题、向公众开放若干问题等方面，都取得较好的成果。如北京体育大学 郑俊秋，李玫红著《我国公共体育场馆对外开放活动定价研究》， 主要研究了体育场馆的对外开放的意义与影响因素;重庆邮电大学 李健 姚辉洲著《体育场馆的利用率与开放率》，主要研究了体育场馆的使用效率的统计与评价等都写了与题目相关的作品。
万州区作为重庆市第二大城市，地处西部。中小学体育场馆设施的使用与管理现状如何值得研究，于是本课题就以这个为选题，旨在通过对重庆市万州区中小学体育场地现状使用率和管理进行调研并分析其存在的问题，在有针对性的提出改进对策建议。
体育场馆资源是体育事业发展的重要物质保障，其开发利用已成为实施全民健身计划的关键因素。体育场馆是否向社会开放并用于群众活动的开展，是评价体育场馆是否发挥其主要作用的最重要的标志。我国现阶段存在场馆资源短缺与浪费并存的现象，在短缺问题不可能迅速解决的情况下，避免浪费、提高利用就显得更为重要。体育场馆资源是体育产业领域中的一个重要组成部分，是体育事业发展的重要物质保障。而中小学体育场馆资源作为体育产业的基础力量、体育场馆资源的生力军，能否适应新的社会环境的深化改革，在教育资源共享方面进行实践，将有着十分重要的意义。
研究基本内容、拟解决的主要问题
研究内容：
1、学校体育场馆有效利用与科学管理的重要意义。
2、对万州区中小学体育场馆的使用情况、管理情况调查，摸清有关现状。
3、在摸清有关现状的基础上，分析存在的问题和不足。
4、针对存在的问题和不足，提出进一步改进的对策建议。
拟解决的主要问题：
如何提高场地使用率。
学术堂整理了一份毕业论文开题报告的范文模板，供大家进行参考：毕业论文(设计)开题报告1.本课题的目的及研究意义研究目的：张爱玲与电影有过长期亲密的接触，在小说写作中创造性地化用了电影化技巧，使她的文字组合带有丰富的视像性和表现力。文本以恐怖电影的表现手法为切入口，对张爱玲中短篇小说出现的恐怖电影式镜头进行解析。试图更近距离地感受张爱玲艺术感觉的细微独特之处，并且在此基础上揭示张爱玲小说所蕴涵的悲剧感和死亡意识。研究意义：本文通过对张爱玲中短篇小说出现的恐怖电影式镜头进行解析，试图在体会张爱玲语言的“现代性”的基础上，尝试性地提出1种独特的审美方式，从不同的视角解读张爱玲小说的表现手法。2.本课题的国内外的研究现状国内研究现状：国内对张爱玲小说的电影化表现手法的研究主要从小说的电影画面感、电影造型、电影化技巧等角度切入，考察了张爱玲作品对电影艺术手法的借鉴技巧：(1)研究张爱玲小说的电影画面感：《犹在镜中——论张爱玲小说的电影感》(何蓓)等;(2)研究张爱玲小说的电影造型:《论张爱玲小说的电影化造型 》(何文茜)等;(3)研究张爱玲小说的电影化技巧：《张爱玲小说的电影化技巧》(何文茜);《张爱玲小说的电影化倾向》(申载春);《论张爱玲小说的电影手法》(张江元);《张爱玲小说对电影手法的借鉴》(屈雅红)等;(4)研究张爱玲小说的死亡意识：李祥伟《论张爱玲小说中的死亡意识》等国外研究现状：海外研究对张爱玲的研究可以分为两个阶段“第1阶段1957-1984年夏志清，唐文标等人对她作品的介绍与评述”“第2阶段1985年至今，辐射面波及北美等地的华文文学的影响研究分析和评价”。1995年9月后，她在美国辞世后，海外学者多运用西方现代文艺理论来剖析。3.本课题的研究内容和方法研究内容：张爱玲的小说映照了1个阴阳不分、鬼气森森的世界，恐怖镜头繁复缤纷，在她的作品里以人拟鬼，她笔下的人物均飘荡在凄冷荒凉的宿命轨道上。本文尝试根据恐怖电影的表现手法，从场景造型、人物造型、以及道具造型等角度入手，对张爱玲小说中出现的恐怖镜头进行研究、阐释。更近距离地感受张爱玲艺术感觉的细微独特之处，并且在此基础上揭示张爱玲小说所蕴涵的悲剧感和死亡意识。研究方法：本文采用比较研究的方法，根据恐怖电影的表现手法，在学术界既有研究资料的基础上，从张爱玲小说、相关的研究书籍及其评论等出发，分析整理资料，从场景造型、人物造型、以及道具造型等角度入手，对张爱玲小说当中出现的恐怖镜头进行研究、阐释。毕 业 论 文(设 计)开 题 报 告4.本课题的实行方案、进度及预期效果方案、进度：2006年11月—2007年2月初：收集资料。重读作品，确定论文题目，查阅相关资料。2007年2月—2007年3月中旬：在老师的指导下，拟定写作提纲和开题报告。2007年3月—2007年4月：论文修改。听取老师意见，撰写论文初稿，并交指导老师评审。2007年4月：定稿。
百度文库搜索文档或关键词毕业论文 开题报告毕业论文开题报告范文VIP免费 2019-03-26 2页 用App免费查看毕业论文开题报告范文[1]毕业论文开题报告 开题报告是指开题者对科研课题的一种文字说明材料。这是一种新的应用写作文体，这种文字体裁是随着现代科学研究活动计划性的增强和科研选题程序化管理的需要应运而生的。开题报告一般为表格式，它把要报告的每一项内容转换成相应的栏目，这样做，既便于开题报告按目填写，避免遗漏；又便于评审者一目了然，把握要点。 开题报告包括综述、关键技术、可行性分析和时间安排等四个方面 。 开题报告作为毕业论文答辩委员会对学生答辩资格审查的依据材料之一。 由于开题报告是用文字体现的论文总构想,因而篇幅不必过大,但要把计划研究的课题、如何研究、理论适用等主要问题。 开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题,并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法。 开题报告是由选题者把自己所选的课题的概况(即"开题报告内容")，向有关专家、学者、科技人员进行陈述。然后由他们对科研课题进行评议。亦可采用"德尔菲法"评分；再由科研管理部门综合评议的意见，确定是否批准这一选题。开题报告的内容大致如下：课题名称、承担单位、课题负责人、起止年限、报名提纲。报名提纲包括： (1)课题的目的、意义、国内外研究概况和有关文献资料的主要观点与结论； (2)研究对象、研究内容、各项有关指标、主要研究方法(包括是否已进行试验性研究)； (3)大致的进度安排； (4)准备工作的情况和目前已具备的条件(包括人员、仪器、设备等)； (5)尚需增添的主要设备和仪器(用途、名称、规格、型号、数量、价格等)； (6)经费概算； (7)预期研究结果； (8)承担单位和主要协作单位、及人员分工等。 同行评议，着重是从选题的依据、意义和技术可行性上做出判断。即从科学技术本身为决策提供必要的依据。[2]如何撰写毕业论文开题报告开题报告的基本内容及其顺序：论文的目的与意义；国内外研究概况；论文拟研究解决的主要问题；论文拟撰写的主要内容（提纲）；论文计划进度；其它。 其中的核心内容是“论文拟研究解决的主要问题”。在撰写时可以先写这一部分，以此为基础撰写其他部分。具体要求如下： 1．论文拟研究解决的问题 明确提出论文所要解决的具体学术问题，也就是论文拟定的创新点。 明确指出国内外文献就这一问题已经提出的观点、结论、解决方法、阶段性成果、……。 评述上述文献研究成果的不足。 提出你的论文准备论证的观点或解决方法，简述初步理由。 你的观点或方法正是需要通过论文研究撰写所要论证的核心内容，提出和论证它是论文的目的和任务，因而并不是定论，研究中可能推翻，也可能得不出结果。开题报告的目的就是要请专家帮助判断你所提出的问题是否值得研究，你准备论证的观点方法是否能够研究出来。 一般提出3或4个问题，可以是一个大问题下的几个子问题，也可以是几个并行的相关问题。 2．国内外研究现状 只简单评述与论文拟研究解决的问题密切相关的前沿文献，其他相关文献评述则在文献综述中评述。基于“论文拟研究解决的问题”提出，允许有部分内容重复。 3．论文研究的目的与意义 简介论文所研究问题的基本概念和背景。 简单明了地指出论文所要研究解决的具体问题。 简单阐述如果解决上述问题在学术上的推进或作用。 基于“论文拟研究解决的问题”提出，允许有所重复。 4．论文研究主要内容 初步提出整个论文的写作大纲或内容结构。由此更能理解“论文拟研究解决的问题”不同于论文主要内容，而是论文的目的与核心。[3]毕业论文开题报告的格式(通用) 由于开题报告是用文字体现的论文总构想，因而篇幅不必过大，但要把计划研究的课题、如何研究、理论适用等主要问题说清楚，应包含两个部分：总述、提纲。1 总述开题报告的总述部分应首先提出选题，并简明扼要地说明该选题的目的、目前相关课题研究情况、理论适用、研究方法、必要的数据等等。2 提纲开题报告包含的论文提纲可以是粗线条的，是一个研究构想的基本框架。可采用整句式或整段式提纲形式。在开题阶段，提纲的目的是让人清楚论文的基本框架，没有必要像论文目录那样详细。3 参考文献开题报告中应包括相关参考文献的目录4 要求开题报告应有封面页，总页数应不少于4页。版面格式应符合以下规定。开 题 报 告学 生：一、 选题意义1、 理论意义2、 现实意义二、 论文综述1、 理论的渊源及演进过程2、 国外有关研究的综述3、 国内研究的综述4、 本人对以上综述的评价三、论文提纲前言、一、1、2、3、··· ···二、1、2、3、··· ···三、1、2、3、结论四、论文写作进度安排毕业论文开题报告提纲一、开题报告封面：论文题目、系别、专业、年级、姓名、导师二、目的意义和国内外研究概况三、论文的理论依据、研究方法、研究内容四、研究条件和可能存在的问题五、预期的结果六、进度安排[4]毕业论文毕业论文是高等学校应届毕业生总结性的独立作业，是学生运用在校学习的基本知识和基础理论，去分析、解决一两个实际问题的实践锻炼过程，也是学生在校学习期间学习成果的综合性总结，是整个教学活动中不可缺少的重要环节。撰写毕业论文对于培养学生初步的科学研究能力，提高其综合运用所学知识分析问题、解决问题能力有着重要意义。开通VIP，免费获得本文 版权说明：本文档由用户提供并上传，收益归属内容提供方，若内容存在侵权，请进行举报或认领分享收藏下载转存打开App，查看更多同类文档 活动图片相关推荐文档 专业PPT定制-七天内免费修改 开题报告范文用App免费获取 开题报告范文用App免费获取 开题报告范文用App免费获取 论文开题报告推荐用App免费获取 毕业设计开题报告热门用App免费获取 开题报告毕业答辩好评 毕业论文开题报告范本 毕业论文开题报告范文.doc 优秀报告范文：本科优秀毕业论文开题报告范文 毕业论文开题报告__最佳范文!精品课程耶鲁大学公开课：麦克米兰报告￥299德鲁克管理课堂17课节2020年软考系统规划与管理师：论文精讲￥128定位软考11课节如何撰写“教学实施报告”-获奖教师经验分享￥老张创作传媒2课节查看百度文库官方百度文库，让每个人平等地提升自我为你推荐论文指导发表论文研究生毕业论文开题报告毕业论文硕士论文开题报告旅游论文免费领文库VIP下载并登录文库大学生APP领取加入VIP免费下载低至元/天
身为一名硕士，你知道自己的毕业论文开题报告要怎么写吗?下面是我为大家整理的硕士毕业论文开题报告范文，欢迎阅读。
童装设计海岛服设计
选题依据及研究意义
选题依据：
指导老师的研究项目，
服装设计的开题报告怎么写
一般0-2岁的婴幼儿不可用大红大绿等刺激性强的色彩去伤害视觉神经;浅淡色不仅能避免染料对皮肤的毒害，还可衬托出婴幼儿清澈的双眸和粉嫩的皮肤。
儿童在2~3岁可认识颜色，善于捕捉和凝视鲜亮的色彩。
岁儿童可以认识4种以上的颜色，能从浑浊暗色中判别明度较大的色彩。
~12岁是儿童德智体全面发展的关键时期，色彩的应用会直接影响到
儿童的心理素质。
本次的设计是以童装色彩设计为重点，结合现代时尚以及相关元素的基
本使用法则，进行具有时代特点的童装设计。
研究意义：
制作一系列童装，巩固专业知识，学会灵活运用专业所学。
选择好童装的色彩是做好童装销售的重要环节。
通过研究可以发现童装的色彩对于儿童的心里状态有很深的影响
通过此项研究来开发童装的色彩以适应儿童心里需求
文献综述(对已有相关代表性研究成果的综合介绍与评价)
《服装材料学》朱松文等编
这本书系统的介绍了服装用纤维原料、纱线、织物、皮革等各类服装材料的种类、结构和形态，以及它们的各种性能对服装的影响。同时他还介绍了服装的各种辅料的种类、性能和选用方法，国际服装新材料及其流行趋势，各类服装对材料的要求和选用方法。
《时装设计艺术》刘晓刚、许玥著
是我在本次设计方面参考的书籍，这本书弥补了我在设计方面的不足，让我知道了设计的本质就是服务于社会，让自己所设计的服装能够最终穿在人们的身上。
《中国服装辅料大全》孔繁薏，姬生力主编
本书在内容上涵盖了服装辅料的各个种类，介绍了各辅料的品种、分类、规格、性能、工艺、品质标准，以及在服装上的运用。
研究内容(包括基本思路、框架、主要研究方式、方法等)
基本思路：
了解指导老师的研究项目，进行分析研究，在一定的基础上进行创新，拟订设计稿，确定要设计的题目。最后的制作，根据美观、舒适、实用的理念制作出一系列的童装，
框架：
确立设计的题目为 童装设计 后，从以下多方面来制作论述：
根据指导老师研究项目，并进行相关设计;
进行与设计主题相关的研究，并分析将要进行的设计的特点以及优势;根据儿童生理心里的特点，设计出儿童喜爱的童装;
具体设计的总体草图中，按照设计的要求，进行选择绘制一个系列(4套)效果图拟订设计稿和制作方案;
后期的制作和整理;
主要研究方式方法：
研究进程安排
月1日-3月19日：毕业实习;
月22日-4月2日：市场调研、分析;
月5日-4月9日：草图设计;
月12日-4月16日：效果图讲评与确认;
月19日-4月23日：纸样设计与制图;
月26日-5月21日：服装剪裁、服装加工、服饰设计;
月24日-6月18日：完成论文/报告书、服装;
月21日-6月25日：上交论文/报告书、毕业设计电子文件、答辩。
主要参阅文献
[1]《人类心灵的展示》杨治良主编湖南教育出版社2015-04-01第1版
[2]《每天懂一点色彩心理学》：(日)原田玲仁著;郭勇译陕西师范大学出版社2015-6-1第1版
[3]《面料与服装设计》朱远胜主编中国纺织出版社,2015年11月第1版
[4]《服饰心理学》华梅著中国纺织出版社2015年7月第1版
[5]《服装材料学》朱松文等编中国纺织出版社2015年2月第3版
[6]《中国服装辅料大全》孔繁薏，姬生力主编中国纺织出版社2015年3月第2版
[7]《时装设计艺术》刘晓刚、许玥著东华大学出版社2015年9月第2版
[8]《品牌服装设计》刘晓刚著中国纺织大学出版社2015年6月第1版
[9]《纺织品设计的面料再造》王庆珍著西南师范大学出版社2015年2月第一版
主要网络：其它说明
指导教师是否同意开题
签名：
年月日
教研室教学负责人签署
签名：
年月日
本课题的研究目的及意义
意义：音乐教学涉及一般教育学，心理学，社会学的问题，也是音乐学的一个重要部分，而对儿童音乐的启蒙教育更是其中的一个重要环节。促进儿童发展是儿童教育的任务，是确定教育目标、设计和组织教育活动首先要考虑的问题。音乐教育则要尽音乐艺术之所能，发挥音乐艺术教育之优势来促进儿童的发展。音乐艺术之所能，音乐教育之优势，都可从音乐艺术的特殊性中去探索，去挖掘。从事儿童音乐教育工作，既要把握儿童发展的规律和特点，又要熟悉音乐艺术的特殊性，把两者有机地结合起来，使儿童音乐教育能够切实有效地促进儿童发展。音乐教育可以陶冶学生的情操，增强学生欣赏和理解音乐的能力，从而促进学生音乐素质的提高。音乐的声音确不具有确定的含义，是非语义性的。但音乐能通过音调的变化表现出音乐的基本含义。音乐用声音来表达思想内容，是一种表情性的音响。我们知道音乐艺术的主要传播方式是声音，声音只为听觉接受，儿童只有通过聆听音乐，接触音乐，有了一幅音乐的耳朵，才能更好的欣赏音乐，理解音乐，表现音乐，创造音乐。
已了解的本课题国内外研究现状
年霍华德?加德纳提出了多元智能理论，把音乐作为人的八大智能之一。这一理论在美国和世界各地的教育家和教育工作者中受到广泛而热烈的欢迎。柯达伊?左尔坦终生追求的目标是 让音乐属于每个人 。这个教育目标的哲学思想基础是他对于音乐与人的全面发展的关系的理解。他认为音乐和人的生命本体有着密切关系，人的生命中不能没有音乐，没有音乐就没有完满的人生。音乐是人的心灵的表现，音乐满足人在精神上的需要，是每天生活的有机部分。 音乐是不能被其他东西所代替的精神食粮，得不到它的人只能生活在精神的贫血症中，没有音乐就没有健全的精神生活。 他认为，音乐是人类文化绝不可少的部分，对于一个缺少了音乐的人来讲，他的文化是不完善。他还认为，好的音乐教育不但能够极大地提高学生的音乐能力，而且能够促进学生其他学科的发展，促进儿童智力和情感的平衡、健康成长。这样培养出的儿童，精神生活是丰富的，不管他将来从事何种职业，都会成为一个比音乐上无知的人更有用的社会成员。音乐教育在学校的重要性，甚至超过音乐本身，培养音乐的听众就是在培养一个社会。近年来，在加德纳的 多元智能 理论的影响下，人们对个体差异的理解发生了变化，由过去认为的认知能力强弱差异，个性差异演化为认知结构、发展速度及心理特质的差异。要真正尊重幼儿的个体差异，发挥幼儿学习的主动性，就必须使学习内容、学习方法、学习进度等适合每一个幼儿身心发展特点与水平。
本课题的研究内容
研究内容：
) 概述音乐教育与儿童发展
) 研究当前小学音乐教育现状
) 如何运用音乐教育促进儿童发展的对策、建议、途径和方法等
本课题研究的步骤、方法及进度安排
开题报告怎么写一、课题开题报告含义与作用开题报告， 就是当课题方向确定之后，课题负责人在调查研究的基础上撰写的报请上级 批准的选题计划。 它主要说明这个课题应该进行研究，自己有条件进行研究以及准备如何开 展研究等问题， 也可以说是对课题的论证和设计。开题报告是提高选题质量和水平的重要环节。二、开题报告的结构与写法开题报告主要包括以下几个方面：(一)课题名称(二)课题研究的目的、意义(三)国内外研究现状、水平和发展趋势。就是本课题有没有人研究，研究达到什么水平， 存在什么不足以及正在向什么方向发展等。开题报告写这些内容一方面可以论证本课题 研究的地位和价值， 另一方面也说明课题研究人员对本课题研究是否有较好的把握。我们进行任何科学研究，必须对该问题的研究现状有清醒的了解，这在第一部分已经谈到。(四)课题研究的理论依据。我们现在进行的课题基本上都是应用研究和发展研究，这就要求我们的研究必须有一些基本的理论依据来保证研究的科学性。比如： 我们要进行活动课实验研究，我们就必须以课程理论、学习心理理论、教育心理学理论为研究试验的理论依据。我们进行教学模式创新实验，就必须以教学理论、教育实验理论等为理论依据。(五)课题主要研究内容、方法(六)研究工作的步骤(七)课题参加人员的组成和专长。主要看参加人员的整体素质与水平，尤其是课题负责人的水平怎么样。如果参加人员和负责人既没有理论又没有实践经验， 这个课题就无法很 好地完成，也就无法批准立项。(八)现有基础。主要是人员基础和物质基础。很多课题对人员和设备方面要求是比较高的，如果基本的研究条件都没有，这个课题同样不能立项。(九)经费估算。就是课题在哪些方面要用钱，用多少钱，怎么管理等。