Objective: Through the study of animal experiments to observe the United Yishen soup benazepril 5 / 6 nephrectomized rats renal function improved efficacy and reduced TGF-β1 expression in renal tissue and other advantages, and to explore the soup Yishen possible to improve the renal function of mechanism of action. Methods: 1. Select SPF class healthy adult male SD rats with 50 only as the research object, adaptive feeding one weeks later, 10 randomly selected as the sham-operated group (A group), and the remaining 40 with 5 / 6 nephrectomy CRF-made law model. 2. After the success of model selection criteria in line with the study group 32 rats were divided into B: model group, 8; C groups: benazepril group 8; D group: the Chinese Medicines Board 8; E Group : Yishen Decoction United benazepril group referred to as traditional Chinese and western medicine group of eight, together with the A Group of 5 Group. 3. Successful modeling start after delivery, the groups were given corresponding drugs decoction. 4. The end of the experiment 24 hours after the detection of urinary protein and blood BUN, Scr, RBC, Hb, and renal histology observation and renal tissue TGF-β1 expression assay. Results: 1. The general situation: during the experiment, sham-operated rats demonstrated alertness, quick reaction, dense fur, clean and shiny, growth, consumption and the activities had no significant abnormalities, weight gain; model group was significant malnutrition, make them apathetic, slow activity, loss of appetite, fluffy fur, haggard Matte, died in the course of treatment at 2, probably because of renal failure due consideration; benazepril rats than sham-operated group spirit apathetic, slow activity, fur, fluffy; medicine the performance of rats with similar benazepril group; WM rats with sham-operated rats without much difference in general performance, but dry dark fur. 2. Of blood BUN, Scr impact: benazepril group, traditional Chinese medicine group, in the WM group significantly decreased BUN, Scr level, compared with the model group has significant difference (P <), but still high in sham-operated group; traditional Chinese and western medicine group and the Chinese medicine group, benazepril group has significant difference (P <); Chinese medicine group and the benazepril group was no significant difference (P> ). 3. Hematology impact: Chinese medicine group and the TCM-WM group was significantly increased blood RBC, Hb, compared with the model group has statistically significant difference (P <), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P> ); benazepril group compared with the model group was no significant difference (P> ). 5. Pathologic changes, acceptance of renal rat subtotal excision were visible matrix hyperplasia, glomerular sclerosis, but the model group compared to the treatment group significantly lesser degree of glomerular sclerosis, one of traditional Chinese and western medicine to renal small ball for the lightest sclerosis; Immunohistochemistry results showed that the treatment group in renal tissue expression of TGF-β1 were significantly lower than model group (P <), and traditional Chinese and western medicine group can reduce the TGF-B1 in renal tissue Expression, and traditional Chinese medicine group and the benazepril group has statistically significant difference (P <). Conclusion: Yishen soup through Yiqi Jianpi, huoxuehuayu, dampness Xiexin Turbidimetry, CRF can reduce blood BUN, Scr, improve anemia and reduce proteinuria, can be reduced effectively with 5 / 6 nephrectomy-induced CRF rat kidney tissue expression of TGF-β1, thereby reducing the accumulation of ECM, slowing the development of renal fibrosis, and delay the progress of CRF. Fully Yishen soup has a good anti-renal fibrosis, but also after the United benazepril better efficacy.
艾德思可以做这个。
医学论文润色的话，建议你去找清北医学翻译，你这篇医学论文找他们在合适不过了
我当时没办法解决，英文不好，找的清北医学翻译。医学翻译的第一。非常好。
NaQing sex deep overburden front teeth tooth meets the clinical experience treatmentAbstract: objective to investigate NaQing sexual front teeth tooth overburden match not deep treatment of factors, correction method and the matters needing attention. Methods selection NaQing sex deep overburden front teeth and 18 cases, are not case tooth correction. Results treatment completion time 15 to 21 months, average months. Correction by first teeth together, facial side cover normal appearance was coordination. Conclusion anterior tooth NaQing sex should be repeated in deep choosing good indications fits the tooth under treatment.
1、可以请大学的专家以及教授给以帮助，也可以请一些专业的公司以及团队，可以在网络查询以及通过这个领域的专家学者介绍，来进行润色。2、SCI论文润色，在忠实于原文的前提下，注重可读性与创新性，确保术语的精准性、风格的一致性，文章结构是否正确遵守标准科技文章格式惯例;
Objective: Through the study of animal experiments to observe the United Yishen soup benazepril 5 / 6 nephrectomized rats renal function improved efficacy and reduced TGF-β1 expression in renal tissue and other advantages, and to explore the soup Yishen possible to improve the renal function of mechanism of action. Methods: 1. Select SPF class healthy adult male SD rats with 50 only as the research object, adaptive feeding one weeks later, 10 randomly selected as the sham-operated group (A group), and the remaining 40 with 5 / 6 nephrectomy CRF-made law model. 2. After the success of model selection criteria in line with the study group 32 rats were divided into B: model group, 8; C groups: benazepril group 8; D group: the Chinese Medicines Board 8; E Group : Yishen Decoction United benazepril group referred to as traditional Chinese and western medicine group of eight, together with the A Group of 5 Group. 3. Successful modeling start after delivery, the groups were given corresponding drugs decoction. 4. The end of the experiment 24 hours after the detection of urinary protein and blood BUN, Scr, RBC, Hb, and renal histology observation and renal tissue TGF-β1 expression assay. Results: 1. The general situation: during the experiment, sham-operated rats demonstrated alertness, quick reaction, dense fur, clean and shiny, growth, consumption and the activities had no significant abnormalities, weight gain; model group was significant malnutrition, make them apathetic, slow activity, loss of appetite, fluffy fur, haggard Matte, died in the course of treatment at 2, probably because of renal failure due consideration; benazepril rats than sham-operated group spirit apathetic, slow activity, fur, fluffy; medicine the performance of rats with similar benazepril group; WM rats with sham-operated rats without much difference in general performance, but dry dark fur. 2. Of blood BUN, Scr impact: benazepril group, traditional Chinese medicine group, in the WM group significantly decreased BUN, Scr level, compared with the model group has significant difference (P <), but still high in sham-operated group; traditional Chinese and western medicine group and the Chinese medicine group, benazepril group has significant difference (P <); Chinese medicine group and the benazepril group was no significant difference (P> ). 3. Hematology impact: Chinese medicine group and the TCM-WM group was significantly increased blood RBC, Hb, compared with the model group has statistically significant difference (P <), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P> ); benazepril group compared with the model group was no significant difference (P> ). 5. Pathologic changes, acceptance of renal rat subtotal excision were visible matrix hyperplasia, glomerular sclerosis, but the model group compared to the treatment group significantly lesser degree of glomerular sclerosis, one of traditional Chinese and western medicine to renal small ball for the lightest sclerosis; Immunohistochemistry results showed that the treatment group in renal tissue expression of TGF-β1 were significantly lower than model group (P <), and traditional Chinese and western medicine group can reduce the TGF-B1 in renal tissue Expression, and traditional Chinese medicine group and the benazepril group has statistically significant difference (P <). Conclusion: Yishen soup through Yiqi Jianpi, huoxuehuayu, dampness Xiexin Turbidimetry, CRF can reduce blood BUN, Scr, improve anemia and reduce proteinuria, can be reduced effectively with 5 / 6 nephrectomy-induced CRF rat kidney tissue expression of TGF-β1, thereby reducing the accumulation of ECM, slowing the development of renal fibrosis, and delay the progress of CRF. Fully Yishen soup has a good anti-renal fibrosis, but also after the United benazepril better efficacy.
Objective: Through the study of animal experiments to observe the United Yishen soup benazepril 5 / 6 nephrectomized rats renal function improved efficacy and reduced TGF-β1 expression in renal tissue and other advantages, and to explore the soup Yishen possible to improve the renal function of mechanism of action. Methods: 1. Select SPF class healthy adult male SD rats with 50 only as the research object, adaptive feeding one weeks later, 10 randomly selected as the sham-operated group (A group), and the remaining 40 with 5 / 6 nephrectomy CRF-made law model. 2. After the success of model selection criteria in line with the study group 32 rats were divided into B: model group, 8; C groups: benazepril group 8; D group: the Chinese Medicines Board 8; E Group : Yishen Decoction United benazepril group referred to as traditional Chinese and western medicine group of eight, together with the A Group of 5 Group. 3. Successful modeling start after delivery, the groups were given corresponding drugs decoction. 4. The end of the experiment 24 hours after the detection of urinary protein and blood BUN, Scr, RBC, Hb, and renal histology observation and renal tissue TGF-β1 expression assay. Results: 1. The general situation: during the experiment, sham-operated rats demonstrated alertness, quick reaction, dense fur, clean and shiny, growth, consumption and the activities had no significant abnormalities, weight gain; model group was significant malnutrition, make them apathetic, slow activity, loss of appetite, fluffy fur, haggard Matte, died in the course of treatment at 2, probably because of renal failure due consideration; benazepril rats than sham-operated group spirit apathetic, slow activity, fur, fluffy; medicine the performance of rats with similar benazepril group; WM rats with sham-operated rats without much difference in general performance, but dry dark fur. 2. Of blood BUN, Scr impact: benazepril group, traditional Chinese medicine group, in the WM group significantly decreased BUN, Scr level, compared with the model group has significant difference (P <), but still high in sham-operated group; traditional Chinese and western medicine group and the Chinese medicine group, benazepril group has significant difference (P <); Chinese medicine group and the benazepril group was no significant difference (P> ). 3. Hematology impact: Chinese medicine group and the TCM-WM group was significantly increased blood RBC, Hb, compared with the model group has statistically significant difference (P <), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P> ); benazepril group compared with the model group was no significant difference (P> ). 5. Pathologic changes, acceptance of renal rat subtotal excision were visible matrix hyperplasia, glomerular sclerosis, but the model group compared to the treatment group significantly lesser degree of glomerular sclerosis, one of traditional Chinese and western medicine to renal small ball for the lightest sclerosis; Immunohistochemistry results showed that the treatment group in renal tissue expression of TGF-β1 were significantly lower than model group (P <), and traditional Chinese and western medicine group can reduce the TGF-B1 in renal tissue Expression, and traditional Chinese medicine group and the benazepril group has statistically significant difference (P <). Conclusion: Yishen soup through Yiqi Jianpi, huoxuehuayu, dampness Xiexin Turbidimetry, CRF can reduce blood BUN, Scr, improve anemia and reduce proteinuria, can be reduced effectively with 5 / 6 nephrectomy-induced CRF rat kidney tissue expression of TGF-β1, thereby reducing the accumulation of ECM, slowing the development of renal fibrosis, and delay the progress of CRF. Fully Yishen soup has a good anti-renal fibrosis, but also after the United benazepril better efficacy.
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
艾德思可以做这个。
去创新医学网一定能找到的，上面24科室的论文都有，而且全部免费，自己去找找吧！
医学论文翻译挺难的，没有一点的水平完全翻译不过来，建议还是找机构，让清北医学翻译帮忙把。
s why more and more people are being active in various kinds of sports and exercises.
If people follow these three ways of keeping fit. Some practice shadowboxing and swordplay while others run. Every morning many people get up early and take much exercise.
First, block the flow of blood, and therefore should be given up, walk or dance to music. This strengthens the heart. They advise people to eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat such as beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry and fish.
Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health, it is essential to do the following. Some play basketball or volleyball or table tennis? Different people may give different answers to this question. Unfortunately few people follow this advice. Through sports and exercise, people bee healthier and stronger;s health a great deal. Smoking and drinking alcohol injure one'. Fat can build up in the arteries. That'.
Getting rid of bad habits like *** oking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy, reduces the chance of heart attack. Research shows that getting plenty of exercise make the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder. In my opinion, it is absolutely necessary to take some exercise every day, and cause a heart attack or stroke. In the afternoon, others go in for gymnastics or track events,there are also many people keen on sports, and helps lower blood pressureHow to Keep Healthy
Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health. But how to keep healthy, they greatly improve their health, jog
All people in urban and rural areas will enjoy basic medical care and health services by increasing government responsibility and spending, we will also encourage greater participation of private capital from both home and abroad in the reform covers a wide range of subjects including insurance, drug manufacturing, distribution and supervision, and legislation of medical put into place basic medical and health care systems covering both urban and rural residents, and ensure that every resident has access to safe。
The disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more profits. 令人不安的现象引起了广泛的社会关注。
有几个背后的原因。如今，人们更关心他们的健康，期望寿命更长，从而导致了医疗的繁荣。
人们愿意花更多的钱在医疗保健上。一些医院利用这一优势，为患者提供更多不必要的体检，以使更多的利润。
In my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price. 在我看来，现在应该采取紧急措施来改善目前的形势了。首先，医生应该对病人的期望值，并把人的生命放在其他任何东西上面。
其次，当局应承担起它的责任，确保医院为人民提供高质量的医疗服务，以合理的价格。
The disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more profits.
令人不安的现象引起了广泛的社会关注。有几个背后的原因。如今，人们更关心他们的健康，期望寿命更长，从而导致了医疗的繁荣。人们愿意花更多的钱在医疗保健上。一些医院利用这一优势，为患者提供更多不必要的体检，以使更多的利润。
In my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price.
在我看来，现在应该采取紧急措施来改善目前的形势了。首先，医生应该对病人的期望值，并把人的生命放在其他任何东西上面。其次，当局应承担起它的责任，确保医院为人民提供高质量的医疗服务，以合理的价格。
Campus Life 有关校园生活的英语作文
Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university. Now the dream has e true. But how do we college students like our campus life?
Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding. Besides study, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in various aspect. Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefit as much. In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school. The only difference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents looking over their shoulder.
As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, some bosom friends to keep me pany, a couple of conscientious professors to instruct me, and an easy access to the Inter.
范文二：
My station in university campus inch territory, breathes and feels a here freshness. The university life like this started. The life four years time already the picture got down certainly has run the line, you along this path endless long journey, the university time will say regarding me will be fresh, the biography first time was far away the hometown, trod studies the road. I to the university life am fuzzy, after investigates many times, everybody is o characters ----- is bored to the university life feeling, perhaps has that a reason! Three years high school life is such intense stimulates. Recollected also a little is afraid, facing high school's intense sprint, diligently was admitted to a school dream of the university, everybody is the like this struggle, assaults the dream. At the present, steps into the university campus, studies the life has had the bored feeling.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING PROJECTKEY WORDS: GIS,Design,Analysis,Application,Management,ProductionABSTRACT:With the development of photogrammetry and spatial information sciences, we have found many new methods to solve the technical problem in surveying and mapping project. But there is a little research on the project management. Traditional management method is plex and time-consuming. Now, we need use new technique to improve the management method for enhancing management level. Taking “National Western Surveying and Mapping Project on 1:50000 Topological Maps Blank Area” as an example, this paper focus on production planning management. The project is remarkable, not only the task and extent is tremendous, but also the staff and stuff are excessive. The Blank Area has atrocious weather and extreme hypsography. All of the conditions increase the project management difficulty. For reasonable planning and logical budget, we designed and realized a production planning management system to give the decision support to the managers. This paper studies the system'e69da5e6ba903233363533362s requirement *** ysis, system structure and function in . INTRODUCTIONNowadays, Geographical Information Systems(GIS) are powerful and useful as means of information, visualization and research tools(Quan Bao,2004). Most GIS sofare is more suited to providing limited types of output than as a tool to support, at anything other than a superficial level, tactical or strategic decision-making processes. To improve the usefulness of GIS as a decision support tool, o needs are apparent. First, decision-makers require methods that allow them to easily select alternatives across a number of relevant criteria. Second, it is necessary to explicitly recognize that most decision-making processes involve multiple participants. Since problem solving id often characterized by multiple and conflicting objectives, methods that contribute toward more a pletely aiding decision system are required.。
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
去创新医学网一定能找到的，上面24科室的论文都有，而且全部免费，自己去找找吧！
随着社会的不断发展,我国医疗事业也在不断发展。下文是我为大家蒐集整理的的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!
浅谈医学院校大学生口腔健康行为的影响因素
医学生作为具备医疗专业知识的高素质人群，他们的口腔健康行为和口腔保健意识还会紧随其从事的口腔医疗工作被广泛传播到社会各个阶层中去，对全民口腔卫生状况及口腔疾病的诊疗有着重大意义。因此，通过认识医学生对树立和保持健康行为起作用的各种影响因素，能够更好的制定和实施最符合高等院校医学生的口腔健康教育方案，改善医学生乃至全民口腔健康状况，提高我国人群的口腔健康水平。口腔健康行为包括利用牙刷、牙线、牙签清洁牙齿;定期进行口腔检查、洁治;氟化物的应用;对口腔疾病及时诊断、治疗等。该文主要阐述影响医学生口腔健康行为的主要四个方面的影响因素，以便有针对性地制定口腔健康教育方案，提高全民口腔健康。
1 个人因素
医学生个人所学专业、对口腔健康的态度、生活习惯都影响其口腔健康行为。口腔专业学生对口腔健康行为的求知欲望、3个月内更换牙刷率、使用小头软毛牙刷率、竖刷牙率、早晚刷牙率、牙线的使用率、含氟牙膏使用率、定期进行口腔检查、洁牙、去口腔门诊就诊率等健康行为明显高于非口腔专业的学生。这是由于口腔专业的学生通过最少3年甚至7年的学习，能够系统地了解到口腔健康对于全身健康的影响比重，口腔疾病的后果以及考虑到自己未来从事口腔医疗职业等原因，更加会自觉地进行正确的口腔健康习惯及行为。随着入校后医学生对口腔健康知识的积累，高年级医学生的口腔健康行为明显优于低年级的学生。个人对口腔健康的重视程度越高，口腔健康行为就越好。
例如：在学生会里负责拉赞助工作的学生，他们的社交活动较多，注重个人形象的同时，也注重口腔健康，其使用口腔喷雾制剂、刷牙频率、氯己定漱口水及口腔科就诊的频率也都明显较高。女生的口腔卫生行为明显优于男生，其改善口腔健康意愿、对口腔健康理解程度、将口腔健康知识付诸于实践及良好的生活行为习惯显著优于男生。例如：男生经常一起熬夜打网路游戏，游戏结束后不刷牙直接睡觉;男生吸菸，喜欢喝碳酸饮料行为等不良的生活习惯严重影响口腔的健康状况。
2 家庭因素
医学生的口腔健康行为受家庭因素影响较重。家庭的经济、家长的口腔健康行为、口腔健康重视程度以及受教育程度都对影响医学生的健康行为起着重要作用。有些家长中小学文化甚至有的都没读过书，文化水平低，自己不刷牙、不能定期进行口腔检查、不洁牙、吸菸、喝酒、咀嚼槟榔，甚至存在龋病、牙髓病、牙周病、缺失牙等等口腔疾病也不去口腔门诊检查、治疗，这样的无视、消极态度也潜移默化地影响医学生的口腔健康行为。而且口腔诊疗费用较高，很多医学生即便知道自己的口腔健康状况较差，但经济条件受限，一般不会或延期去口腔科就诊。相反家庭经济条件越好、父母文化程度越高、对口腔健康越重视且保持良好的口腔健康行为，学生定期口腔检查率、洁牙率、龋齿充填率、缺失牙修复率等等口腔健康行为越好。
3 学校因素
口腔的健康行为并不是先天就有的，而是经过口腔预防保健知识的获得，然后再融入到日常生活行为中的。但是调查显示，医学院校大学生对口腔保健知识回答的正确率欠佳，在这样没有知识为引领的医学生口腔健康行为习惯就更令人堪忧，这提示可能需要非常充分的口腔健康知识才可能对健康行为的形成产生影响。所以，加强医学生口腔健康知识的获得也是影响口腔健康行为的重要因素。而在医学院校大学生了解口腔健康知识的途径中，学校教育就占到5%。医学生在校期间，除了课堂外还有多种途径接受口腔健康教育。
校内贴吧、校园广播站开辟口腔健康行为、口腔健康知识内容的教育专栏;每年9月20日开展免费口腔检查、口腔预防保健措施咨询、口腔疾病诊疗咨询等爱牙日宣传活动;利用墙壁板报，如：食堂、教学楼、实验楼、宿舍等的墙壁，将口腔健康知识和图片制成生动活泼的墙壁板报形式或在学校宣传栏橱窗内开辟口腔健康教育专栏;利用学校校报、举行口腔健康教育讲座、口腔健康知识竞赛等多种多样的教育资讯传播途径，更能引起广大学生的兴趣，能够在业余时间，不经意中学到口腔保健知识，并将理论知识转变成日常口腔健康行为。
网路作为资讯传播的新载体，更容易被医学生接受。最近几年智慧手机的迅猛发展，且校园内无线网路的全面覆盖，医学生无论在实验室、图书馆、宿舍、餐厅等学校的各个角落随时随地都能浏览到网路上口腔健康知识、健康保健行为宣传内容。而且，学生集体住宿，朝夕相处，彼此间有很强相互影响和渗透作用，其口腔健康行为极易起到以点带面的效果，带动更多的学生建立、维持良好的口腔健康行为。
另外，建议学校组织大学生每年一次的口腔健康体检，让学生得知自身存在哪些口腔健康问题，这些问题对医学生的身体健康会有哪些危害，使学生认识到口腔健康的重要性。这样，学生根据自身具体状况，从根源出发提高口腔健康意识，改善口腔健康行为习惯，对口腔疾病进行早起预防和早期治疗，从而提高口腔健康状况，减少口腔疾病的发生。
4 牙科畏惧症
牙科畏惧症是指患者对牙科诊治过程或其中某些环节表现出紧张、焦虑和恐惧的情绪。牙科畏惧症是影响人群牙科就诊率的重要因素之一。对于甚至从来没有接受过口腔健康检查、诊疗的;在以往的诊疗过程中有记忆深刻的疼痛或者和医护人员发生过口角，有不愉快经历的都会导致医学生产生牙科畏惧症。例如：口腔专业的学生，经过专业理论知识的学习、假期临床见习、口腔科实习的系统“武装”，他们对牙科的畏惧程度显著低于非口腔专业的学生。医学生口腔卫生状况较差、家庭经济条件不好、性病或家族遗传性疾病引起的口腔疾病、吸菸等不良行为习惯的更惧怕到口腔科就诊，因为这些学生通常会产生自卑心理而抗拒甚至不敢到口腔科就诊。
5 结语
调查显示，我国很多高校学生存在龋病、牙龈炎、牙髓病、根尖周病、牙周炎、错颌畸形，口腔健康状况令人堪忧。且我国口腔专业医生与全民比例严重失调，有些偏远、经济状况较差的地区根本没有专门口腔医务工作者，单靠口腔科医生提高全民口腔健康状况是困难的。而医学院校的大学生作为更容易触及口腔健康教育的一个特殊且非常重要的群体，他们又将会肩负著医疗工作者的使命，对下一代的健康教育和我国的口腔卫生医疗付出卓越贡献。
因此，通过深刻认识到医学院校大学生口腔健康行为的各种影响因素，使其树立和保持良好的口腔健康行为，不仅使个人受益终生，也能为口腔健康教育的实施方案提供依据。并且在未来的不同地区、不同阶层的工作环境当中，医务工作者在医疗系统工作时需要利用这些知识和他们的示范作用起到言传身教的作用，扩大口腔健康知识的宣传范围和宣传力度，去教育患者和社会大众，改善全民口腔健康状况，提高生命质量，对整个社会的口腔健康理念有着深远影响。
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请参照以下范文，注意摘抄，希望对你有用 医学论文书写格式 正文是医学论文的核心部分，包括引言、材料与方法、结果、讨论、致谢五部分。 一、 引言 引言（前言、导言、绪言、序言）是正文的引子，相当于演说中的开场白。国内刊物引言部分不需另立标题。引言应当对正文起到提纲挈领和引导阅读兴趣的作用。在写引言之前首先应明确几个基本问题：你想通过本文说明什么问题？它是否值得说明？本文将在什么杂志发表或本文的读者是什么人？在写引言乃至整篇论文时都应注意这几个问题。 引言在内容上应包括：为什么要进行这项研究？立题的理论或实践依据是什么？拟创新点何在？理论与（或）实践意义是什么？告诉读者你为什么要进行这项研究是引言的主要内容和目的，这其中也包括说明这项研究的理论和（或）实践意义。 语句要简洁、开门见山，如“重型继发性脑室出血临床表现严重，预后差，病死率高。本文着重探讨用双侧侧脑室穿剌交替引流尿激酶溶解血凝块冲洗结合腰穿脑脊液置换的方法治疗重型继发性脑室出血”。有时我们研究的项目是别人从未开展过的，这时创新性是显而易见的，如“左旋咪唑所至脑病患者的临床与CT表现国内陆续有报道,但未见磁共振成像的研究”。大部分情况下，我们所研究的项目是前人开展过的，这时说明你的研究与别人的研究的本质区别和创新点是至关重要的，如“已有数项研究探讨了阿斯匹林在缺血性脑卒中的应用，但这些研究均是小规模、非双盲对照的。本研究则采用双盲对照的方法，样本大、观察时间长”。在引言中对与本文相关的研究作一简要的回顾是十分必要的。在研究开始以前就应该对与本研究相关的内容作一系统的回顾，在引言中可以将回顾的结果作简要的概括。 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结果的具体内容取决于文章的主体。结果的内容包括记录实验或临床观察的客观事实、测定的数据、导出的公式、典型病例、取得的图像等等，但不同类型文章结果的内容应有不同的侧重点。①如研究新诊断方法的论文，要特别注意交代试验结果是否与公认的金标准进行独立的“盲法”比较，其符合程度如何，敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值各多少等。②研究疾病临床经过的论文，要特别交代是否对所有病例进行了随访，随访率有多高（一般应大于80%），对影响预后的外加因素有无进行调整，结果如何等。③病因学研究的文章要特别注意交代暴露组与非暴露组结果的差异程度，所得结果是否出现于暴露之后等等。 未经统计学处理的实验观察记录叫原始数据。统计学处理的目的是使难以理解的原始数据变得易于理解，并从原始数据的偶然性中揭示某种必然规律。因此，实验结果的表达一般使用统计量而不使用原始数据，也不必将原始数据全部端出。计数资料可用相对数如百分率，但当样本数小于100时，则应在百分率后加括弧，在括弧内标明反应数/样本数，如（37/68）。计量资料如符合正态分布，应用均值+标准差（或标准误），如呈偏态分布，一般采用中位数和全距表示。如进行前后或组间比较，应说明统计检验的值（如t、u、F等）和P值。关于统计学处理的具体操作详见统计学专著，这里不作详解。关于统计名词及符号应根据中华人民共和国国家标准GB3358-82有关“统计名词及符号”的规定。 结果的表达通常通过文字、图、表相互结合来完成。下列情况可用文字表达为主或仅用文字表达：①结果中数据较少，能作同类比较的观测项目不多者。②以观察形态特征为主的论文一般不用表格，而以文字描述为主配合形态学图片。能用文字表达的内容不用列表、绘图。已用图表说明了的内容，不必再用文字详述，只要强调或概括重点。文字表达主要是陈述本文取得的结果，不必强调过程，也不要重复“材料与方法”等项交待的资料，更不要将结果提升为理论上的结论，所以一般不引用文献。 表与图设计的基本要求是正确合理，简明清晰。“自明性”（self-explanatoriness）是衡量表图的重要标志。所谓“自明性”是指仅通过表与图就能大体了解研究的内容和结果。 表是简明的、规范化的科学用语。一般主张采用三线式表，即表由顶线、标目线、和底线这三条横线组成框架，两侧应是开口的。顶线与标目之间为栏头，标目与底线之间为表身。栏头左上角不用斜线，但栏头允许在设一条至数条横线。一般表的行头标示组别，栏头标示反应指标。但这种划分并不是固定的，著者可根据情况灵活安排。表的下方还可以加脚注。 图是一种形象化的表达方式，它可以直观的表达研究的结果。通常我们用柱图的高度表达非连续性资料的大小，用线图、直方图或散点图表达连续性或计量资料的变化，用点图表示双变量的关系。图的标题应在图的下方，注释可放在柱或线附近。 对于既可用图也可以用表的资料，可根据具体情况选择表达形式。一般的说，主要是表示变化趋势的资料，尤其是连续的动态资料，宜采用图的形式；需表示确切统计量的资料，宜采用表的形式。 结果的写作一定要采取实事求是的科学态度，遵守全面性和真实性的原则。实验结果无论是成功或失败，只要是真实的就是有价值的。切不可对实验数据任意增删、篡改，以符合“正常”结果。这不利于我们全面认识事物和发现新问题。 临床疗效的论文往往在描述大体结果后附以典型病例，可以起到举一反三的作用。目前认为，对于某些新发现的疾病（如艾滋病）或罕见病的疗效研究，附以典型病例是必要的。但对于常见病和多发病，则不必例举典型病例。但同样是常见病和多发病，如是介绍新疗法和技术时则要附典型病例。典型病例要选有代表性的，例如说某药治疗某病有效，典型病例最好选单独使用该药治疗显效的病例，而不要选用合并使用了其他可能也有疗效的药物的病例。 四、 讨论 讨论是论文的精华部分，是对引言所提出的问题的回答，是将研究结果表象的感性认识升华为本质的理性认识。在讨论中作者通过对研究结果的思考、理论分析和科学推论，阐明事物的内部联系和发展规律，从深度和广度两方面丰富和提高对研究结果的认识。讨论水平的高低取决于作者的理论水平、学术素养以及专业知识的深、广度。讨论的内容大致包括以下几个方面：①简要的概述国内外对本课题的研究近况，以及本研究的结论和结果与国际、国内先进水平相比居于什么地位。②根据研究的目的阐明本研究结果的理论意义和实践意义。③着重说明本文创新点所在，以及本研究结果从哪些方面支持创新点。④对本研究的限度、缺点、疑点等加以分析和解释，说明偶然性和必然性。⑤说明本文未能解决的问题，提出今后研究的方向与问题。并不是每篇论文都必须包括以上内容，应从论文的研究目的出发，突出重点，紧扣论题。 讨论是最能体现论文水平的部分，也是写作难度较高的部分。对于初写着来说，要特别注意以下几点：①讨论是作者阐明自己的学术观点，但并不等于是自由论坛，不能泛泛而谈。讨论的内容要从论文的研究结果出发，围绕创新点与结论展开，要做到层次清晰、主次分明，不要在次要问题浪费笔墨冲淡主题。与文献一致处可一笔带过，重点讨论不一致处；引证必要的文献，切忌作文献综述。②实事求是、恰如其分的评价，不乱下结论，切忌推理过分外延。医学中尚有许多尚未阐明的问题，所以推理应非常谨慎，通常冠以“可能”等。③任何研究都有其局限性，如国内的研究结果有待国外验证；体外试验有待于体内试验验证。因此，讨论要坚持一分为二的观点，对于与他人研究结果不一致处要认真分析原因，要抱有虚心追求真理的态度与其他作者商摧，切勿持“唯我正确”的态度。④并非每篇论文都要有讨论，有的短篇可不写。若结果与讨论关系密切则可放在一起写，合称结果与分析等。 五、 致谢 科研工作的顺利完成离不开他人的帮助，在正文的最后应向对本研究提供过帮助的人致以谢意。致谢的对象包括：对研究工作提出指导性建议者，论文审阅者，资料提供者，技术协作者，帮助统计者，为本文绘制图表者，提供样品、材料、设备以及其他方便者。 致谢必须实事求是，应防止剽窃掠美之嫌，也勿强加于人，如未经允许写上专家、教授的名字，以示审阅来抬高自己。致谢一般要说明被谢者的工作的内容，如“技术指导”、“收集资料”、“提供资料”等。 参考文献是论文中某些观点、数据、资料和方法的出处，应于文章的最后一一列出，以便读者参阅、查找有关文献。它表明了论文的科学依据和历史背景，提示了本文是在前人工作基础上的创新，即表示了对他人研究成果的尊重，又反映了论文起点的高低。 著录文献总的原则是准确、完备、规范、便于检索。对于著录文献的要求有：①一定是作者亲自阅读过全文的文献。如阅读的只是摘要，则不应列为参考文献。②参考文献的数量要适度。参考文献不是越多越好，应当有所选择。一般来说，课题提出的根据，主要实验方法，提示支持本文的资料和不支持本文的资料，均应列出参考文献。关于参考文献的数目，各杂志要求不一，一般论文的参考文献篇数为10篇左右，综述为20篇左右。③参考文献应尽量引用最新的，因为新文献必然包括老文献，以近1～2年以内的为好，少用旧的、年限长的文献。教科书的内容亦不宜列为参考文献，因为它的内容已是众所周知的。④引用的参考文献应以已发表的原著为主，未发表的论文及资料、译文、转载和内部资料等，均不能作为参考文献被引用。未发表，但以被刊物通知采用者，可以引用，但英在刊名后注明“待发表”。《国外医学》所刊内容都是经人加工的二手资料，一般不能作为参考文献被引用。同样，综述性文章不宜作为参考文献，但是如果综述中介绍了尚未在其他杂志上发表过的最新观点时，也可列为参考文献。⑤被引用的中医经典著作，不列入参考文献，而是在正文所引段落尾注明出处。 关于参考文献的书写格式，目前有两种标准。一种是国际通用的温哥华式，另一种是国家标准GB7714-87关于《文后参考文献著录规则》的规定。但不同杂志对于参考文献的格式可能有不同的要求，在附参考文献时可参照以上两种标准和各杂志的要求。 国际标准和国家标准都采取了顺序编码制，即参考文献的著录按其在文中出现的先后顺序，用阿拉伯数字连续编号，附于正文引文句末右上角方括弧内。引文写出原著者，序号标在著者的右上角，如×××等[4]；如未写著者姓名，则序号应方在引文之后；如果参考文献序号作为句子的组成部分，则不作角码，如……参照文献[6]；引用多篇文献时，将每篇文献的序号列出，中间以逗号相隔，如××[1，4，5]；若序号连续，则只标注起止序号，中间加“～”。文后参考文献列表中各条文献的序号不加括弧，也不加“.”，只空1个字符。 国内标准与国际标准（温哥华式）大致上是一致的，本文主要介绍一下目前使用最广泛的温哥华式的写作要求。 期刊的著录格式一般为：作者.文题.刊名,出版年份,卷次(期次):起止页.。作者在6人或6人以内者全部列出姓名，相互之间加一逗号；6人以上者仅列前3位，后加“等”或“et al”。（国内一般只列前3位作者。） 例：陈治.多发行肌炎与皮肌炎.临床神经病学杂志,1992,5:117-119. 书籍与专著的著录格式为:作者.书名.版次.出版地:出版者,出版年,起止页.。 例：吴恩惠主编.头部CT诊断学.第二版.北京:人民卫生出版社,40-168.
这个没有固定价格的，通常的中译英是普通领域：千字150-300人民币专业领域 ：（医学 法律等）千字 250-500人民币可以以这个为基础与对方谈。
（有关某群体脂肪肝的患病率的调查及研究）科研立项的书写格式及范文
sci医疗论文一篇的费用，与多个因素有关，有的花钱少，大概几千元左右，有的花钱多，大概十几万元以上。
首先，sci医疗期刊的版面费
适合发医疗论文的sci期刊，有开源和不开源之分。开源sci期刊，要向作者收取一定的版面费，费用多少，与具体期刊的收费标准有关，一般是几千元到几万元左右，比如Cancer letters大概3000美元一篇。但有的期刊收费很高，比如Nature Communication，大概5200美元一篇。而非开源sci期刊不收取版面费。
建议作者一是要了解如何知道一个sci开不开源的方法；二是筛选目标sci期刊范围；三是打开某本sci期刊官网，了解版面收取标准。从而知道自己发表sci医疗论文一篇要不要支付版面费，以及支付多少。
其次，sci医疗论文的翻译润色费
sci医疗论文写作发表的难度比较大，在翻译润色上更是要慎重。当作者英语水平不够高时，建议找专业公司翻译润色。而翻译润色费一般是在几千元左右，具体多少与翻译润色的要求有关。
最后，sci医疗论文的实验费用
写作发表sci医疗论文，往往要通过实验得出相关的数据和结论。而实验结果不清晰、数据不够好，都要重新做，甚至会重复做很多次。每次实验都有成本的，做实验次数越多，成本越高。因而，实验费用往往是发表sci医疗论文最大的支出，具体费用不确定，一般在十几万元以上。
写论文技巧：
1、在写论文之前首先先想先写，最后在想自己如何做，写论文之前期间必须先要研究自己写什么方向，以后像哪儿个方向发表。
2、理智得的选取自己得的论文题目，一篇好得的论文博人眼球得的地方是论文得的题目，论文得的题目必须新颖，与国际接轨，课题得的题目必须具有可发展性。
3、有很好得的idea，无论是应用还是基础科研，最关键得的是idea，idea得的出台决定了科研水平和档次。高水平得的科学家一听你得的科研课题和方向，就能判断你科研水平。因此，获得好得的idea是至关重要的。