小区挡土墙研究论文

一． 桥梁结构1. 大题条件：5根主梁间距2m，行车道板宽7m，人行道宽,桥总宽10m。桥跨度25m, 人行荷载3kn/m2，汽－20计算。1> 用偏心受压法求1号梁汽车横向分布系数。1号梁横向影响线坐标，近端远端，按两车道布载后得> 求人行荷载横向分布系数。边端,里端，宽，得。3> 已知横向分布系数，求汽车荷载下梁中最大弯距。4> 已知横向分布系数，求人行荷载下的最大弯距。2. 已知跨度25m及横活下的计算弯距，求弯距设计值。3. 已知横活下的计算剪力及梁材料及腹板最小处厚度及梁高，求梁端极限剪力值。4. 已知剪力设计值及梁有效高及材料，求梁腹板最小宽度。5. 已知跨度为12m宽度为9m与垂直方向呈30度角的棱形梁板桥，汽车行进方向为跨度方向，跨度方向每边有三个橡胶支座。判断哪组支座在静载下反力最大或最小。二． 地基基础1. 大题条件：埋深的条基，已知材料,地基承载力标准值等一些条件，有弱下卧层。1> 基底有弯距，求上部结构荷载有多大偏心时，基底反力均匀分布。2> 已知基底宽度，求附加应力。3> 已知上部荷载，求基底宽度。4> 求弱下卧层上附加应力。5> 求弱下卧层上自重应力。2. 概念题，相同宽度，埋深及基底附加应力的独基和条基础，判断哪个的沉降量大。3. 大题条件：重力式挡土墙，墙后土重度20，墙体材料重度24 ，挡土墙高上截面宽，下截面宽，墙后有堆载，主动土压力系数,摩擦系数(好象是)，墙背垂直。主动土压力与水平面呈10度角。1> 墙后堆载为零时求主动土压力。2> 墙后堆载为20求堆载产生的主动土压力。3> 已知主动土压力求挡土墙抗倾覆稳定系数。4> 已知主动土压力求挡土墙抗滑移稳定系数。三、算梁柱体积配箍率四、求二级框架梁（C45，28钢筋）边支座锚固长度，要熟悉构造,陷阱：C>40,d>25五、求100米高建筑求80米（平地，山顶）处风载，难点：求风振系数，阵风系数六、已知恒载下柱M，N，第一活载下M，N，第二活载下M，N，风载下M，N1）求最大柱弯矩的基本组合，2）恒载控制下的最小轴力基本组合，考点：恒载起控制时不考虑水平荷载。七、超过150米的框架、剪力墙、框剪框筒的层间位移限值，考点：按150米时位移值和250米的1/550插值八、装配式屋面砌体结构求墙和壁柱高厚比九、木结构屋架下弦杆螺栓抗剪设计承载力十、4层框架结构底层中间柱节点上下弯距分配。梁支座处剪力。十一、（1）四层框架结构底部剪力法求其中一楼层的剪力（2）同样条件，钢框架（阻尼比0。35）求楼层剪力，考点α计算公式 5>桩身配筋长度的概念题。三．高层1.大题条件：混凝土六层框架，一层G=7200KN层高5m，二层至五层G=6000KN层高，六层G=4800KN层高，T=，8度三类土。用底部剪力法计算。1> 求此底部剪力。2>求屋顶附加水平力。3>求第五层地震力。4>若为钢结构，阻尼比为,求底部剪力。2.大题条件：某100m高25x25m方形高层，100m处顶部有集中水平力P及弯距M，在城市郊区。基本风压>已知P,M及100m处的风压标准值，假设风压呈倒三角形分布，求楼底部弯距设计值。2>求80m高度处风压标准值。3>若此楼位于45m高的山坡上，求100m高度处的风压标准值。4>求100m高度处计算围护结构时的风压标准值。3.带转换层的框支剪力墙约束边缘构件设置的高度。形剪力墙承载力计算及约束边缘构件LC长度选择。四．砌体及木结构1. 带壁柱的单层，壁柱间距4m，长20m，窗,宽12m，居中一个门洞3m,纵墙高，山墙带壁柱处最高为。2.蒸压灰砖的承载力.3.多层房屋的局布每米承载力。4.构造柱墙的承载力。5.顶层挑梁下局压计算，及挑梁伸入墙长度的选择。6.木结构大题条件：TC11西北云衫屋架下玄，宽x高140x160，双夹板连接螺栓16，每边螺栓10个，两个一排五排，排间距120mm.夹板厚度100mm(不确定)1>求下玄承载力。2>已知力N求需要的螺栓数。五．钢结构1.抗震时梁柱节点域柱腹板最小厚度的计算。2.高强螺栓抗拉，抗剪。3.角焊缝正应力抗压。4.轴压构件平面内外不同计算长度时合理布置截面方向。5.大题条件：吊车梁下变截面双肢柱，柱高14m，吊车梁高,柱上截面宽,下柱 截面宽3m，吊车梁传递竖向力Q2=20kn,Q3=30kn(不确定)，P=,水平力 T=(作用在梁上翼缘),柱自重60kn,与下柱截面的偏心为向右偏，柱右边线垂直。荷载均为标准值，吊车为两台16t,中级工作制。1>双肢柱的内力计算（其中有吊车梁简支，两台吊车折减）缀条的内力计算,腹杆计算长度的选取等。6.支撑容许长细比的计算。7.概念题哪种螺栓布置方式承载力大。8 .型钢b/h<两轴分属不同类型，计算长度也不同,求轴压时柱的承载力。六．钢筋混凝土1.大题条件：四层混凝土框架在水平力作用下按反弯点法计算内力，已知一，二两层梁柱线刚度比及每层水平力值，一层层高6m,反弯点2/3H,二层层高5m,反弯点1/2H。框架一至三层跨数为三跨。1>求一层边柱上端弯距。2>抗震等级为二级，已知一层中柱顶梁柱节点处梁柱弯距计算值，求中柱上端弯距设计值。3>抗震等级为二级，已知二层楼面梁两端弯距计算值及重力荷载代表值下的剪力Vgb,求梁内剪力设计值。2.单筋梁，已知bxh及柯西值，混凝土材料，受拉钢筋,外界环境，求受弯承载力。3.混凝土耐久性有一道概念题。

建筑工程大体积混凝土施工技术研究摘要大体积混凝土在建筑工程中得到了广泛的应用，在现代工程建设中，占有重要地位，工业与民用建筑中对大体积混凝土的需求越来越多，同时对其质量要求也越来越高。大体积混凝土的施工技术也不断地进行提高。目前在大体积施工过程之中最容易出现的质量通病就是结构的裂缝，结构裂缝给工程质量造成严重影响。而结构的裂缝最主要的原因是因为水泥水化热产生的温度应力超过了混凝土的抗拉强度所造成的。本文通过对大体积混凝土结构裂缝产生原因的分析，总结出对混凝土施工温度的控制措施，从而达到控制温度应力，避免结构裂缝的目的。同时本文对大体积混凝土施工工艺进行了探讨研究，对大体积混凝土后浇带的设计、施工和大体积混凝土冬期施工的防冻和防裂进行了论述，总结出安全可靠的技术措施，通过工程实例验证，取得了较好的施工效果，为大体积混凝土施工积累了资料。关键词:大体积混凝土裂缝温度“三掺”技术目录:第一章绪论~·“···~·~···········“~····~·~一、·“”·….·..·.~..~...……1那一1大体积混凝土的定义····················································...·.……1如一2大体积混凝土裂缝分析······················································……2如一3控制大体积混凝土裂缝的方法分析·······································……7芬1一4本文研究内容·······························································……11第二章“三掺”技术在大体积混凝土中应用的试验研究··················……12犯一1试验研究的目的····························································……12芍2一2膨胀剂、粉煤灰、减水剂的性能··················，····，····，·············……12夸2一3“三掺”混凝土配合比设计及试配·······································……巧胆一4试验结果········································……‘.…‘.’…“’二”“’·”””‘17壮一5试验结果分析·······························································……20芬2一6小结···········································································……24第三章大体积混凝土温度场及温度应力研究····································……25妇一1水泥水化热与混凝土绝热温升······························，···········……25怪3一2混凝土温度及温度应力分析·············································……26妇一3大体积混凝土温度应力的近似值计算·································……28夸3一4控制温度应力，防止裂缝的措施···················，······················……犯第四章大体积混凝土施工方案和施工技术研究·································……34夸4一1大体积混凝土的设计构造要求··········································……34料一2混凝土配合比及其材料···································，···············……35抖一3混凝土的浇筑与养护························……’‘·‘””’‘·’‘”””’“‘’‘”’‘’37芬4一4大体积混凝土“后浇带”的设计与施工·································……40科一5大体积混凝土的冬期施工················································……42大连理工大学工程硕士论文目录第五章大体积混凝土施工实例······························.·...·........................……46夸5一1工程概况·····································································……46夸5一2施工方案及技术措施······················································……46朴一3温度测试·····································································……47扣一4温度测试结果分析·························································……49第六章结束语··············································································……59参考文献······································，···············，············································……60致谢············································································································……61