肿瘤科论文英语并翻译

Cytology of soft tissue tumors: Cytological classification of soft tissue tumors 有关软组织肿瘤的细胞学：软组织肿瘤在细胞学上的分类 Manoj Kumar Choudhuri （名字） Department of Pathology, B S Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India BS医学院，病理学系，印度西孟加拉Bankura Depending on existing knowledge, classification of any disease changes from time to time, as is the case with soft tissue tumors. The WHO classification of soft tissue tumors was first published in 1969 and was revised twice in 1994 and 2002. 根据现存的知识，对於”疾病的变化”所做的分类，一直随时间在改变。对软组织肿瘤所做的分类就是这样一个例子。世界卫生组织(WHO)对软组织肿瘤所做的分类，最先发表於1969年，并分别於1994与2002年做过修订。 Following are some of the major changes that have taken place in the latest classification: [1],[2] 以下是”最新分类’上出现的一些主要改变。 Fibroblastic tumor / so-called fibrohistiocytic tumor : The most striking change in this group is that malignant fibrous histiocytoma has lost its glory and has been relegated to an "undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma." Myxoid fibrous histiocytoma has been replaced with "myxofibrosarcoma," which represents the most common soft tissue sarcoma in elderly individuals. 纤维组织母细胞肿瘤／即所谓的纤维组繊球性肿瘤(fibrohistiocytic tumor)： 这个群组最显著的改变在於，恶性纤维所构成的组织细胞瘤已经不像过去那样意义非凡，现已被贬为一种”未分化多形性肉瘤(undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma)”。 粘液样纤维构成的组织细胞瘤(myxoid fibrous histiocytoma)已经被黏液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrosarcoma)所取代，这是老年人最常见的软组织肉瘤。 Smooth muscle tumor and skeletal muscle tumors : There has been no significant change in this group. 平滑肌肿瘤与骨骼肌肿瘤：这个群组并未有明显的改变。 Adipocytic tumors : A well differentiated liposarcoma has no malignant potential, thus, "atypical lipomatous tumor" is the preferred term when the tumors arise at extremities and other surgically amenable sites. However, the term, "well differentiated liposarcoma" is reserved for tumors arising in the retroperitoneum and mediastinum. Incomplete resection results in local recurrence even in the absence of dedifferentiation. Myolipoma and chondroid lipoma are two new entities included in the recent classification. 脂肪细胞肿瘤：是一种不具恶性潜能的分化良好型脂肪肉瘤，因此，不典型脂肪瘤样肿瘤(atypical lipomatous tumor)这个名称被采用，因为肿瘤发生在身体末端如四肢，以及其它适合外科手术的地方。然而，分化良好型脂肪肉瘤(well differentiated liposarcoma)这个名称，则是被用於发生在后腹腔与纵膈腔的肿瘤。即使在没有”失分化”的情况下，切除不完整将导致局部性再发。肌脂瘤(myolipoma)与软骨样脂肪瘤(chondroid lipoma)是新加入分类中的两个种类。 Pericytic tumors : Some tumors previously categorized as hemangiopericytomas are indistinguishable from "solitary fibrous tumors." However, sinonasal hemangiopericytomas appear to be truly pericytic lesions. Large groups of pericytic / perivascular tumors have been renamed as "myopericytomas". 周细胞肿瘤：一些先前被归类为血管外皮细胞瘤(hemangiopericytoma)的肿瘤，与孤立性纤维性肿瘤(solitary fibrous tumor)的区分不是很明显。然而，鼻腔鼻窦血管外皮细胞瘤(sinonasal emangiopericytomas)看似真正周细胞的损害。 周细胞的大群组已被更名为肌周细胞瘤(myopericytomas)。 Vascular tumors : Spindle cell haemangioendotheliomas have been renamed as "spindle cell hemangiomas." 血管肿瘤：纺锤体细胞血管内皮瘤(Spindle cell haemangioendothelioma)已被更名为纺锤体细胞血管瘤(spindle cell hemangiomas)。 All of us appreciate that diagnosis by fine needle aspiration depends on pattern recognition. Thus, cytological classification of soft tissue tumors is based on the principal pattern. Immunocytochemistry has been increasingly used in the recent past for further categorization of the lesions. 藉细针吸取所做的诊断，是依赖於对形态(pattern)的辨识。因此，细胞学对软组织肿瘤的分类，就是根据”主要形态”(pattern)所建立的。免疫细胞化学於最近已经逐渐被使用在更进一步的器官损害之范畴内。 Soft tissue tumors are classified into five groups [3] on the basis of their cytological results: 根据细胞学上的结果，软组织肿瘤被分为五个群组： Pleomorphic pattern : The aspirate is richly cellular and there is a marked variation in cell size and shape. Nuclear pleomorphism is striking and some of the tumor cells show large nucleoli; bizzare tumor giant cells can be detected. Pleomorphic liposarcomas, pleomorphic undifferentiated sarcomas, and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcomas belong to this group. 多形性形态：抽吸(aspirate)完全是细胞的，并且在细胞尺寸与形状上有非常大的差异。细胞核多形性很突出，并且有些肿瘤细胞显示有大细胞核；可侦测到怪异肿瘤巨大细胞。多形性脂肪肉瘤，多形性未分化肉瘤以及多形性横纹肌肉瘤都属於这个群组。 Spindle cell pattern : Spindle cells are shed as fascicles. A typical spindle cell has fusiform or ovoid nuclei; the cytoplasm is tapered, unipolar, or bipolar; mitotic figures are variable. Fibrosarcomas and leiomyosarcomas present with this classical spindle cell pattern. 纺锤体细胞形态：纺锤体细胞褪为丛团。典型的纺锤细胞呈纺绽状，或者卵圆形细胞核。该细胞质一端宽一端较细，单极的，或双极的；有丝分裂的外观是易变的。纤维肉瘤与子宫肌肉瘤出现典形的纺锤细胞形态。

马诺库马尔Choudhuri 病理科，医学院校学士学位， Bankura ，西孟加拉，印度 根据现有的知识，分类，任何疾病的变化时，如与软组织肿瘤。世卫组织分类的软组织肿瘤是首次出版于1969年两次修订在1994年和2002年。 以下是一些主要发生的变化，在最新的分类： [ 1 ] ， [ 2 ] 成纤维细胞肿瘤/所谓fibrohistiocytic肿瘤：最引人注目的变化在这组是恶性纤维组织细胞瘤已经失去了荣耀，并已降级为“未分化多形性肉瘤。 ”黏液纤维组织细胞瘤已改为“ myxofibrosarcoma ， ”这是最常见的软组织肉瘤老人个人。 平滑肌肿瘤和骨骼肌肿瘤：没有重大变化，这一群体。 Adipocytic肿瘤：一种分化良好的脂肪肉瘤没有恶性潜能，因此， “非典型脂肪瘤”是首选的肿瘤时，出现四肢及其他手术经得起网站。然而，长期， “分化良好脂肪肉瘤”是保留的肿瘤中产生的后腹腔和纵隔。不完全切除的结果局部复发甚至在没有分化。 Myolipoma和软骨瘤有两个新的实体包括在最近的分类。 Pericytic肿瘤：一些肿瘤以前归类为血管外皮细胞瘤是无法区分的，由“孤立性纤维瘤。 ”然而，鼻腔血管外皮细胞似乎是真正的pericytic病变。大型群体pericytic /血管瘤已更名为“ myopericytomas ” 。 血管瘤：梭形细胞haemangioendotheliomas已更名为“梭形细胞血管瘤。 ” 我们大家都明白，诊断细针穿刺取决于模式识别。因此，细胞学分类的软组织肿瘤的基础是主要的格局。免疫组化已越来越多地使用在最近的过去作进一步分类的病变。 软组织肿瘤分为五组[ 3 ]的基础上，他们的细胞学结果： 多形性的模式：是该送气音丰富的移动电话和有一个显着变化，细胞大小和形状。核多形性十分突出，一些肿瘤细胞的核仁较大; bizzare肿瘤巨细胞可以检测。多形性脂肪肉瘤，多形性未分化肉瘤和多形性横纹肌肉瘤属于这个组。 梭形细胞模式：主轴细胞的下跌作为分册。一个典型的梭形细胞有梭形或卵核;细胞质是锥形，单极或双极;核分裂的变数。纤维肉瘤和平滑肌肉瘤目前这一经典梭形细胞格局。分给我吧，我求你了

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious hazard to human health, but also worldwide, one of the most common malignant tumor. HBV infection caused by a large number of studies have shown that the proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma hepatocellular carcinoma is the world number about 75 to 85%, but the specific HBV causes liver cancer has not been fully elucidated the mechanism [1]. Recent studies of hepatitis B virus genotypes, and various genotypes of the mechanism of HBV induced liver cancer has become a hot research. Domestic and international research shows that, HBV genotype may be associated with disease progression after infection clinical presentation, prognosis and treatment response and other anti-virus are closely related. Now widely recognized that genotype C caused by inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis is more severe than type B, and C-related liver cirrhosis and liver cancer; genotype B, the cumulative survival rate was significantly higher than C-. Recent studies show that, HBV DNA mutation rate than other about 10 times, HBV gene variation and clinical outcome of disease associated variant can lead to increased pathogenicity and replication, an important change in the host immune response against the epitopes and the generation HIV drug resistance. HBV gene encoding the overlapping of different, such as promoter and enhancer regulatory sequences and is located within the gene encoding, a part of the gene mutation will affect the expression of multiple genes to form HBV gene mutation [2,3], so more complete study of hepatitis B virus genome variability and its biological significance is particularly important. HBV genotype on the domestic and foreign scholars in recent years, the variation between sites and the HCC study done a lot in recent years, Yunnan has on the distribution of HBV genotypes reported, but on the HBV genotype and HCC variation between sites not been reported yet. This study aimed to chronic HBV infection in Yunnan genotype infection to understand the detection of variable sites, to explore the genotype of chronic HBV infection, common variable sites and the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma.翻译整段还真不简单。。。。。

软组织肿瘤细胞学：软组织肿瘤细胞学分类 马诺库马尔，乔德户瑞 印度，西孟加拉邦，班库拉，学校院，病理科 根据现有的医学水平，任何疾病随时都在发生变化，以软组织肿瘤为例，世界卫生组织软细胞肿瘤科目首次于1969年出版，并于1994年和2002年做了两次修订。以下是发生在最近科目的一些主要变化: [1],[2] 成纤维细胞肿瘤/所谓纤维组织细胞性肿瘤：这科目最明显的变化是恶性纤维组织细胞肿瘤失去它的作用，并转移为未分化多形性肉瘤，粘液纤维组织细胞肿瘤已经转化为粘液纤维肉瘤，这也就是最常见的软组织肉瘤晚期。平滑肌肿瘤和骨骼肌肿瘤：在这块没有很明显的变化。脂肪细胞肿瘤：好难啊，明天再回来

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious hazard to human health, but also worldwide, one of the most common malignant tumor. HBV infection caused by a large number of studies have shown that the proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma hepatocellular carcinoma is the world number about 75 to 85%, but the specific HBV causes liver cancer has not been fully elucidated the mechanism [1]. Recent studies of hepatitis B virus genotypes, and various genotypes of the mechanism of HBV induced liver cancer has become a hot research. Domestic and international research shows that, HBV genotype may be associated with disease progression after infection clinical presentation, prognosis and treatment response and other anti-virus are closely related. Now widely recognized that genotype C caused by inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis is more severe than type B, and C-related liver cirrhosis and liver cancer; genotype B, the cumulative survival rate was significantly higher than C-. Recent studies show that, HBV DNA mutation rate than other about 10 times, HBV gene variation and clinical outcome of disease associated variant can lead to increased pathogenicity and replication, an important change in the host immune response against the epitopes and the generation HIV drug resistance. HBV gene encoding the overlapping of different, such as promoter and enhancer regulatory sequences and is located within the gene encoding, a part of the gene mutation will affect the expression of multiple genes to form HBV gene mutation [2,3], so more complete study of hepatitis B virus genome variability and its biological significance is particularly important. HBV genotype on the domestic and foreign scholars in recent years, the variation between sites and the HCC study done a lot in recent years, Yunnan has on the distribution of HBV genotypes reported, but on the HBV genotype and HCC variation between sites not been reported yet. This study aimed to chronic HBV infection in Yunnan genotype infection to understand the detection of variable sites, to explore the genotype of chronic HBV infection, common variable sites and the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma. 希望是你需要的译文！谢谢！

选我把Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious hazard to human health, but also worldwide, one of the most common malignant tumor. HBV infection caused by a large number of studies have shown that the proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma hepatocellular carcinoma is the world number about 75 to 85%, but the specific HBV causes liver cancer has not been fully elucidated the mechanism [1]. Recent studies of hepatitis B virus genotypes, and various genotypes of the mechanism of HBV induced liver cancer has become a hot research. Domestic and international research shows that, HBV genotype may be associated with disease progression after infection clinical presentation, prognosis and treatment response and other anti-virus are closely related. Now widely recognized that genotype C caused by inflammatory necrosis and fibrosis is more severe than type B, and C-related liver cirrhosis and liver cancer; genotype B, the cumulative survival rate was significantly higher than C-. Recent studies show that, HBV DNA mutation rate than other about 10 times, HBV gene variation and clinical outcome of disease associated variant can lead to increased pathogenicity and replication, an important change in the host immune response against the epitopes and the generation HIV drug resistance. HBV gene encoding the overlapping of different, such as promoter and enhancer regulatory sequences and is located within the gene encoding, a part of the gene mutation will affect the expression of multiple genes to form HBV gene mutation [2,3], so More complete study of hepatitis B virus genome variability and its biological significance is particularly important. HBV genotype on the domestic and foreign scholars in recent years, the variation between sites and the HCC study done a lot in recent years, Yunnan has on the distribution of HBV genotypes reported, but on the HBV genotype and HCC variation between sites Not been reported yet. This study aimed to chronic HBV infection in Yunnan genotype infection to understand the detection of variable sites, to explore the genotype of chronic HBV infection, common variable sites and the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma.回答完毕~！请鉴定~！

下面是我整理的一些关于肿瘤科的英语术语，以供大家学习参考。 SCID 严重复合免疫缺失症 Cysticfibrosis 囊性纤维变性 家族性脾性贫血 Gaucher's病 Familialhypercholesterolemia 家族性胆固醇过多症 HemophiIia 血友病 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency 嫖吟核苦酸磷酸酸缺乏症 Alpha- Iantitrypsin deficiency a-抗甲状腺素缺乏症 Fanconi sanemia Fanconi's贫血症 Hunter'ssyndrome 亨特氏综合症 adenocarcinoma 腺管上皮: 腺癌 adrenal cortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质: 肾上腺皮质癌 American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging; AJCC 美国癌症分期联合委员会 angiosarcoma 血管内皮: 血管肉瘤 basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞: 基底细胞癌 calcitonin 抑钙素 carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA 癌胚抗原 carcinoma 恶性上皮肿瘤 Carcinoma in situ 原位癌 catecholamine 儿茶酚胺 chondrosarcoma 软骨: 软骨肉瘤 choriocarcinoma 胎盘上皮: 绒毛膜癌 direct extension 直接蔓延 dysgerminoma 恶性胚胎瘤 Dysplasia 异生 fetoprotein; AFP 胎蛋白 fibrosarcoma 纤维组织: 纤维肉瘤 FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 国际妇产科学联盟 glioma 神经胶细胞: 神经胶细胞瘤 hematogenous metastasis 血行转移 hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma 肝细胞: 肝细胞癌 histopathological grading 组织病理分化 human chorionic gonadotropin; HCG 人类绒毛膜促性腺素 immature teratoma 全能细胞: 未成熟畸胎瘤 International Union against Cancer; UICC 国际防癌联盟 Invasive carcinoma 侵袭癌 leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌: 平滑肌肉瘤 leukemia 造血细胞: 白血病 liposarcoma 脂肪组织: 脂肪肉瘤 lymphangiosarcoma 淋巴管内皮: 淋巴管肉瘤 lymphatic metastasis 淋巴转移 lymphoma 类淋巴组织: 淋巴瘤 malignant melanoma 神经外胚层: 恶性黑色素瘤 malignant meningioma 脑膜: 恶性脑膜瘤 malignant mesothelioma 间皮: 恶性间皮瘤 malignant mixed tumor 唾液腺: 恶性混合瘤 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant schwannoma 神经鞘: 恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤 malignant pheochromocytoma 肾上腺髓质: 恶性嗜铬细胞瘤 malignant phyllodes tumor 乳房: 恶性叶状瘤 malignant teratoma 恶性畸胎瘤 metastasis 远处转移 Microinvasive carcinoma 微侵袭癌 mild dysplasia 轻度异生 moderate dysplasia 中度异生 moderately differentiated 中度分化 myeloma 浆细胞: 骨髓瘤 neuroblastoma 神经节细胞: 神经母细胞瘤 neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤 neuron-specific enolase; NSE 神经特异性烯醇 node 淋巴结 oma 良性肿瘤 osteosarcoma 硬骨: 骨肉瘤 poorly differentiated 分化不良 prostate-specific antigen; PSA 前列腺特异性抗原 prostatic acid phosphatase; PAP 前列腺酸性磷酸 renal cell carcinoma 肾脏上皮: 肾细胞癌 rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌: 横纹肌肉瘤 sarcoma 恶性间叶肿瘤 seminoma 生殖细胞: 精细胞瘤 severe dysplasia 重度异生 squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状上皮: 鳞状细胞癌 stage 期别 synovial sarcoma 滑膜: 滑膜肉瘤 thymic carcinoma 胸腺上皮: 胸腺癌 transitional cell carcinoma 泌尿道上皮: 过渡细胞癌 tumor marker 临床检验: 含肿瘤标记 undifferentiated 未分化 well differentiated 分化良好 melanoma 癌症 黑素瘤 renaleelI 肾细胞癌 ova-rian 卵巢癌 neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤 cerebroma 脑瘤 lung cancer 肺癌 hepatoma ;liver cancer 肝癌 breast carcinoma 乳腺癌 colon cancer 结肠癌 prostatic csarcinoma 前列腺癌 mesothelioma 间皮瘤 leukemia 自细胞瘤 lymphoma 淋巴肉瘤 multiple myeIoma 多发性骨髓瘤

Asked the medical history, prior to the onset of patients with no contact with animals such as pigs, it no products with such a vivid history of exposure to animals, the Department of muslim patients, but no history of pork consumption. According to the application of sensitivity tests have cefoperazone, sulfamethoxazole and rifampicin ------。 However, high fever, chills still beyond the control of symptoms, daily attacks, ----- to the incidence of the first day, began to lower back pain, lumbar spine X-ray film abnormalities not to give oral anti-inflammatory painkiller Mobic , 2 / day after treatment is still waist pain, bedridden. MRI prompted L4 / 5 disc signal has changed, there is pus intervertebral space at the front and the rear, the rear has a similar disc of pus into the spinal canal, as, from top to bottom edge of vertebral body bone without damage, the corresponding plane of bilateral psoas major muscle with no abscess. Into orthopedics, general anesthesia in lumbar 4,5 posterior lumbar laminectomy, exploratory L4 / 5 space, open the posterior longitudinal ligament, immediately there is light yellow pus-like outflow of middle-thick, about 4ml, degenerative disc nucleus was broken kind. Try surgery to remove the disc degeneration necrosis, repeated washing intervertebral space, the rear surface of the dural sac drainage pipe 2, properly fixed, confirmed lavage, drainage, open, close the wound. After perfusion of antibiotics from a saline wash, then a suction tube. Patients during the first due to changes in posture from a clear tube structures have lead to purulent yellow, about 3ml. 1 weeks after the drainage of fluid pulled clear after the temperature is normal drainage. After surgery in patients with decreased body temperature, low back pain significantly reduced, to 1 week after the temperature returned to normal. Salmonella choleraesuis pus still cultivate. After two weeks of intravenous antibiotics, discharged from service after a month of ciprofloxacin. After a month to get up at the waist under the protection of activity, no back pain and lower limb neurological symptoms. Six months after the referral, barriers to activity in patients with no waist, body temperature normal. Lumbar MRI showed 4 / 5 gap-free abscess lesions, a high degree of intervertebral space has lower than normal. X-ray examination showed lumbar 4 / 5 intervertebral space narrowing, vertebral body to form the leading edge of osteopontin has. Follow-up to March 2009, had fully recovered, no low back pain and other symptoms of lumbar instability.