嗷哟嗷哟
中文摘要西方文学史当中，维多利亚时期被视为是一个重要的分水岭。在此之前，人类习惯用宗教的角度去看待世界，但十八世纪中开始，工业革命在西方展开，各种机器的发明使得当时科学极具的发达，科学带来的影响逐渐改变当时的人民，人类开始采用科学的角度去思考这个世界。达尔文(Charles Darwin)的两部作品，包括物种原始(Origin of Species)及人类原始及类择(The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex)，当中进化论和物种原始的概念造成维多利亚时期社会的一片震撼。本文主要使用达尔文的两大概念—天择及性择—探讨狄更斯(Charles Dickens)的小说—远大期望(Great Expectations)。第一章主要介绍达尔文的进化论及其理论产生背景，其中包含天择(Natural Selection)及性择(Sexual Selection)，其中看出为求生存，生物会自行突变以适应环境的变化，第二章主要针对天择的概念探讨狄更斯之小说，透过物竞天择、均变论(Uniformitarianism)及巨变论(Catastrophism)的对照、达尔文对演化概念及唯物论(Materialism)的诠释、推论出外在环境对生物的影响。第三章则是针对性择的概念探讨书中女性与男性角色之互动，透过无性生殖(Parthenogenetic Reproduction)、母性本能(Maternal Instinct)及男性竞争天性(Male Competitive Tendency)的概念，探讨达尔文及狄更斯作品所中隐含之性别意识。英文摘要The Victorian period can be regarded as a watershed of the history of literature. Before the Victorian period, people tended to see the world from a religious point of view. Because of the improvement of science, Victorians began to change their attitudes and started to consider things from a scientific perspective. Charles Darwin, the author of The Origin of Species and The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex, introduced evolutionary theory and created a heated dispute that has lasted, to some degree, even until today. This thesis applies Darwin’s two ideas— natural selection and sexual selection— to investigate into Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations. The introduction briefly discusses Darwin’s evolutionary theories and their application in Dickens’s Great Expectations. The first chapter investigates natural selection and sexual selection with more specifics. Simply put, for example, organic beings evolve in order to adapt to the environment. Male of all species try to seduce females in order to propagate. The second chapter deals with the difference between uniformitarianism and catastrophism, and how Darwin challenges the idea of “progress” and how natural selection applies to the notion of materialism. In addition, recalling Darwin’s observation that organic beings would change themselves due to the pressure of survival, readers of Dickens’s novels see how environmental changes bring effects upon characters. The third chapter concentrates on Darwin’s sexual selection, including the contrast between parthenogenetic reproduction and sexual selection, female supremacy in the animal world and male dominance in the human society, as well as female’s maternal instincts and male’s competitive tendencies. Finally, I conclude with the gendered ideology that both Darwin and Dickens reveal in their works. In conclusion, approaching Dickens’s novel from the perspective of Darwin’s evolutionary theories, we see how Victorian literature and science merged together.我只知道这些！ 不能抄我回答！
中暑山庄产橘子
《远大前程》又译《孤星血泪》，是英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯晚年写成的 教育 小说。下面是我给大家整理的远大前程英文 读后感 ，希望能帮到大家!
There was a man who had seven sons, but he had no daughter, greatly though he longed for one. At last his wife told him that they could again expect a child and, sure enough, when it was born it was a baby girl. There was great rejoicing, but the child was weak and puny, so weak that it had to be christened at once. The father told one of the boys to go quickly to the spring and fetch christening water; the other six ran along with him, and because each of them wanted to be the first to dip the jug into the well, it fell in and sank. So there they stood and didn‘t know what to do, and none of them dared go home. When they didn‘t come back their father got impatient and said:“ I‘ll wager they‘ve been playing some game again and forgotten all about it, the godless brats.“ He was afraid the little girl would have to die unbaptized, and in his rage he cried out:“ I wish those boys would all turn into ravens.“ He‘d scarcely spoken the words when he heard a whirring of wings in the air overhead, looked up and saw seven coal-black ravens flying away.
Went to the bookstore during the holiday, I chose a book from a lot of world masterpieces, named Great Expectation, when I pick up this book, I have not expected that such an English book will have a so great impact on me, making my thoughts and feelings very deep, I think that the form and content of this book are all very outstanding.
It is written by Charles Dickens,a famous writter from England,and it is not I will turn to the topic on how it can attract me.
The character in this masterpiece left me the deep impression is falls in love with studied as hard as he himself for did he love Estella so much? Just for her beautiful face? because she is pretty? She is rich? She is proud? In fact, I think Pip pay out so much for the didn't treat him well and even that she didn't respect him at all! She put the food for him as a dog,but he didn't hate her. On the contrary, he left from his home and his friends. He just want to be a abandoned a lot than he got. I can't understand why he do it in this way. I think it's not worth at all. If one person don't like you or not respect you,you needn't do everything for her. So it made me quite feel sorry for Pip. He had a very difficult life...
Miss Havisham is aslo a character who left me a deep was a pitiful mother died farther was very rich and very only one child,Miss Havisham,by his first fact, she should have a nice life,but her wedding was destroied by her broke her heart and she was want to retaliate all was really a abject she chose a wrong way to continue her life..She wanted to hurt other she had is no good for made her feel a little there was more victims in the are so many persons in the they were hurt they want to hurt other innocent this is no good for them,but they did do not know why they did the world full of is difficult to understand.
That's my thought.
In this summer holidays, I read a book called Great Expectations, it was written by Charles Dickens, one of the most famous English writers. He wrote lots of wonderful novels. This book is one of his compositions. People always like to compare with their
In this summer holidays, I read a book called < Great Expectations>, it was written by Charles Dickens, one of the most famous English writers. He wrote lots of wonderful novels. This book is one of his compositions.
People always like to compare with their friends. It is a big foible of all the people. If other people have a lot of money, we also want to be rich. If all the people around us are poor , we never mind that we are very poor, too. we will not ashamed because of our folly. This is a social problem.
If we never possess anything, we will not mind we lost some thing. Since we don’t want to be very rich ,we will not feel despond because poor.
The protagonist of this novel is Pip (Handel). His parents died when he was a baby. His sister had brought him up ‘by hand’. His sister married to Joe Gargery, the village blacksmith. They didn’t have much money, and Pip never went to school to study. But he was often very happy .Because all of his friends are like him. It isn’t very unfortunate to them, this is their lives. But by a chance, Pip helped a convict; he gave much food to him. Then he met Miss Havisham, a very strange old woman and she was very rich.
Four years later, Miss Havisham wants Pip to be removed from his home and educated as a gentleman who expects inherit a fortune when he grow up.
After hearing that . Pip started to despise his poor friends. He even feel ashamed because he live with the poor man . Pip’s ‘great expectations’ destroyed his life.
This novel told us that we cannot compare with others .Don’t feel envy at the others money. And if one day you be very rich , please don’t despise your poor friends.
夏萱萱大人
[1]An analysis of female character Miss Havisham in Great Expectations JOURNAL OF CHENGDU UNIVERSITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 第22 卷 2007 年8 月 作者：Tang Wangxia&Xie Benyu p:133-188[2Symons, J. (1974). Introduction to great expectations. London: Pan Books Ltd.[3]Zhang, D., & Wu, G. (2002). A New Concise History of English Literature. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education.
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