购物网站设计论文

网络购物行业呼叫中心解决方案电子商务发展到今天，许多网民已经习惯足不出户从网上购物。整个买卖过程电子化、数字化和网络化，购物成本低且方便，使得网上购物这种方式获得了网民尤其是年轻网民的喜爱。但是据网民反映网络购物主要存在两个问题：一是这种新兴的购物方式与人们传统的购物习惯不符合，网民无法仅仅根据网页上的信息做出购买决定，常需要交互式的询问与回答才能完成购买活动；问题二是网民对网上购物的投诉也日趋增多。网上购物买来次品、售后维修困难等等问题都是困扰网民进行网络购物的大问题。因此，在购物平台内部设立一个咨询、投诉客户服务中心，集中处理客户在网上购物时所产生的产品咨询与服务投诉，以及为产品的售后服务提供中间服务，可以免去客户网上购物的后顾之忧，提高网站的服务质量以及客户的满意度与忠诚度。购物网站后台呼叫中心客服系统的建立，不仅为网站与网民之间架起一座良好沟通的桥梁，为顾客的购买过程提供实时咨询、购买指导等服务，为顾客提供了强大的支持，很大程度上缓解了不少网民对网上产品“看得见，摸不着”的顾虑。同时，客服人员通过呼叫中心进行的回访调查、投诉、售后服务等能够消除客户对售后服务的后顾之忧，从而提高网上成交率，促进整个购物平台的营业额的上升，同时也将提高网站后台客服人员的工作效率，优化后台资源，降低管理成本与人力成本。购物网站建设呼叫中心系统的现实意义1. 提升购物网站形象，彰显购物网站实力；2. 有利于购物网站的宣传，拓展客户群体和广告客户群体；3. 加强与客户的联系，提升客户忠诚度；4. 提高购物网站内部管理效率及员工满意度；5. 7*24小时服务，保证客户与广告客户服务的连续性；6. 增强与客户的互动联系，是购物网站争夺客户的有效武器；7. 多方面降低购物网站的管理和运营成本；8. 良好的售后服务与沟通机制让顾客免去后顾之忧，提高网上成交率。系统概述系统将语音查询、自助服务、人工服务紧密结合，把购物网站进销存、配送资源、供应链资源、客户资源等通过网络进行整合，建立起网络购物的快速反应机制，增强客户群体与购物网站的互动，实现资源的统一分配与利用。系统为一个开放的对话平台，购物网站客服人员与客户进行互动和协作，从而完成客户服务与客户关怀；同时，客服人员能够随时了解到网站内部的进销存状况，方便对商品和供应商的各项信息进行掌握。系统功能1. 自助服务客户致电购物网站呼叫中心首先进入语音查询系统，在语音导航的指引下输入不同按键，选择自己想要的信息。在自助服务中，客户可以得到如下服务：1) 产品查询；2) 促销产品信息查询；3) 购物网站介绍；4) 会员积分查询；5) 订单状态查询；6) 电话挑选商品并下订单；7) 自助查询并选择付款方式及配送方式；8) 自助订阅购物网站新品信息；9) 客户与购物网站间的互动，例如投票、竞选等活动；10) 自助传真；11) 相关政策法规查询；12) 广告商信息查询；13) 投诉、建议等语音留言，等等。2. 自动通告自动通告为语音导航的一部分，客户致电后可首先听到这部分内容。自动通告可发布的内容有：1) 购物网站介绍及最新动态；2) 重要信息公布；3) 购物网站优惠活动发布；4) 合作信息；5) 最新政策法规，等等。3. 客户咨询客户在网页选择商品时可随时通过电话、自助语音服务、电子邮件、传真、即时聊天工具等方式与客服人员取得联系，咨询商品性能、类别、使用方法等细节信息，客服人员根据客户的需求提供购物指导，方便客户进行购买判断。购物网站的客户咨询主要包括：挑选产品实时咨询、支付方式咨询、配送方式咨询、售后服务咨询、合作项目咨询等等。系统对于老客户可建立一对一的亲情关系，将老客户的来话直接转接到以前曾与之通过话的客服人员处，有助于客户的维系和服务的延续性。4. 业务受理客户除在网页上点选商品、生成订单并提交之外，还可以通过呼叫中心的自助语音服务自助下单，以及通过转人工服务来下单。多种购买方式让客户随心选择。客服人员受理客户所下订单，生成派单并转发给相应部门进行配送。待处理结果通过网络返回到购物网站呼叫中心后，工作人员以电话、传真、短信息、电子邮件等方式回复客户。客户也可随时通过本系统了解所提交订单现处于哪一环节及哪一部门所处理。主要受理业务内容除了下单之外，还有选择付款方式、选择配送方式、产品报修等业务。5. 主动服务/客户关怀购物网站客服人员通过本系统的外拨功能，可以实现对客户的主动服务。外拨方式分为四种：外拨语音架构，外拨语音文件，群发短信和传真。客户关怀的具体内容有：1) 对意向客户群体的关怀与跟踪；2) 对潜在客户的信息告知；3) 最近购物网站活动通告；4) 网上调查、投票、征集等活动；5) 客户满意度调查、客户消费习惯与需求调查；6) 购物网站促销活动告知；7) 老客户回访调查；8) 付款、配送等信息的提醒与确认；9) 客户购买产品的确认、提醒与祝福，等等。6. 客户投诉与建议通过人工服务、语音信箱、传真、电子邮件等方式，客户可将投诉或建议反馈给购物网站客服人员。客服人员接到反馈信息后，可将电话转接给相关部门处理，有助于投诉或纠纷的圆满解决。7. 购物网站调查在电子商务逐渐成为企业营销趋势的今天，购物网站需要建立一个能够直接了解市场和客户的需求变化的窗口。系统通过外拨方式可进行市场调查、客户满意度调查、客户消费习惯与需求调查等活动，制定针对性的改善方案，调整购物网站的经营管理策略，提高管理决策的科学性，提高购物网站整体品牌形象，从而提高效益和效率，降低管理和经营成本。8. 统计报表系统可根据来去电的详细情况进行有效统计，包括客户在线等待时间、来电记录、自助查询记录、收发短信息记录等，并且生成各种统计图形。购物网站客服人员可以灵活地自定义统计内容，为购物网站决策提供权威有效的数据。统计报表主要包括以下数据：1) 客户在语音查询中各项产品的查询统计；2) 每一位购物网站客服人员的接入、拨出电话的数量、时间统计；3) 每一通来电的客户在线等待时间的记录与统计；4) 购物网站客服人员的状态记录：示闲、示忙、话务处理；5) 收发短信的记录与统计，等等。通过统计报表中的各项统计分析数据，购物网站可以清楚地获知哪类产品或服务最畅销，哪一类产品或服务客户投诉最多，等等。统计报表可为网站及时捕捉和改善服务质量提供科学依据。9. 扩展服务本系统具有开放性，可与网络购物企业自有的会员管理、进销存系统、办公系统等实现无缝结合，还可根据企业的具体要求定制开发某些功能。

摘 要 近年来，随着Internet的迅速崛起，互联网已日益成为收集提供信息的最佳渠道并逐步进入传统的流通领域。于是电子商务开始流行起来，越来越多的商家在网上建起在线商店，向消费者展示出一种新颖的购物理念，本购物系统基于B/S模式，实现了当前购物网站的基本功能。 本论文就此购物系统进行了详细全面的论述。系统中用户的主要功能有：用户登录、注册、商品浏览、商品购买、订单管理以及个人信息管理。管理员的主要功能有：商品管理、用户管理以及订单信息管理。 全文共分为五个部分，第一部分是介绍相关理论知识；第二部分介绍系统总体设计；第三部分介绍系统具体实现过程；第四部分是测试工作。最后是结论。关键词：电子商务；购物系统；JSP；数据库 The Design and Realization of shopping Online System Based on JSPAbstract In recent years, Internet has become the best channel for collection of information and entered the traditional field of circulation with the rapid rising. E-commerce has been popular, and more and more online stores are established on the Internet, displaying a new idea of shopping. This Shopping system based on B/S mode, realize the base function of the current Shopping site. This paper introduces the Shopping system in detail. The main functions of people in system include login, registration, view and purchasing of goods, management of the Orders and customers. The main functions of administrator include management of the goods, users and Orders. There are five sections in this paper, the first is introduction of Related theoretical knowledge; the second is introduction of the design of system; the third is introduction of the process of realization; the forth is test; and the conclusion in the words: E-commerce; Shopping System; JSP; Database 目 录论文总页数：22页1. 引言 1 网上购物系统的发展 网上购物的现状 网上购物系统的构建 12. 相关理论基础 JSP技术 JSP的简介 JSP的优点 JSP的工作原理 数据库及相关技术简介 SQL语言简介 Microsoft SQL Server 简介 JAVA技术简介 TOMCAT简介 43. 系统总体设计 系统设计 本文来自: 一流设计吧( ) 详细出处参考： 记得采纳啊

网络购物行业呼叫中心解决方案 电子商务发展到今天，许多网民已经习惯足不出户从网上购物。整个买卖过程电子化、数字化和网络化，购物成本低且方便，使得网上购物这种方式获得了网民尤其是年轻网民的喜爱。但是据网民反映网络购物主要存在两个问题：一是这种新兴的购物方式与人们传统的购物习惯不符合，网民无法仅仅根据网页上的信息做出购买决定，常需要交互式的询问与回答才能完成购买活动；问题二是网民对网上购物的投诉也日趋增多。网上购物买来次品、售后维修困难等等问题都是困扰网民进行网络购物的大问题。 因此，在购物平台内部设立一个咨询、投诉客户服务中心，集中处理客户在网上购物时所产生的产品咨询与服务投诉，以及为产品的售后服务提供中间服务，可以免去客户网上购物的后顾之忧，提高网站的服务质量以及客户的满意度与忠诚度。 购物网站后台呼叫中心客服系统的建立，不仅为网站与网民之间架起一座良好沟通的桥梁，为顾客的购买过程提供实时咨询、购买指导等服务，为顾客提供了强大的支持，很大程度上缓解了不少网民对网上产品“看得见，摸不着”的顾虑。同时，客服人员通过呼叫中心进行的回访调查、投诉、售后服务等能够消除客户对售后服务的后顾之忧，从而提高网上成交率，促进整个购物平台的营业额的上升，同时也将提高网站后台客服人员的工作效率，优化后台资源，降低管理成本与人力成本。 购物网站建设呼叫中心系统的现实意义 1. 提升购物网站形象，彰显购物网站实力； 2. 有利于购物网站的宣传，拓展客户群体和广告客户群体； 3. 加强与客户的联系，提升客户忠诚度； 4. 提高购物网站内部管理效率及员工满意度； 5. 7*24小时服务，保证客户与广告客户服务的连续性； 6. 增强与客户的互动联系，是购物网站争夺客户的有效武器； 7. 多方面降低购物网站的管理和运营成本； 8. 良好的售后服务与沟通机制让顾客免去后顾之忧，提高网上成交率。 系统概述 系统将语音查询、自助服务、人工服务紧密结合，把购物网站进销存、配送资源、供应链资源、客户资源等通过网络进行整合，建立起网络购物的快速反应机制，增强客户群体与购物网站的互动，实现资源的统一分配与利用。系统为一个开放的对话平台，购物网站客服人员与客户进行互动和协作，从而完成客户服务与客户关怀；同时，客服人员能够随时了解到网站内部的进销存状况，方便对商品和供应商的各项信息进行掌握。 系统功能 1. 自助服务 客户致电购物网站呼叫中心首先进入语音查询系统，在语音导航的指引下输入不同按键，选择自己想要的信息。在自助服务中，客户可以得到如下服务： 1) 产品查询； 2) 促销产品信息查询； 3) 购物网站介绍； 4) 会员积分查询； 5) 订单状态查询； 6) 电话挑选商品并下订单； 7) 自助查询并选择付款方式及配送方式； 8) 自助订阅购物网站新品信息； 9) 客户与购物网站间的互动，例如投票、竞选等活动； 10) 自助传真； 11) 相关政策法规查询； 12) 广告商信息查询； 13) 投诉、建议等语音留言，等等。 Online shopping solution for call center industry The development of electronic commerce today, many users have become accustomed to from the Internet without leaving home. The entire process electronic transactions, digital and network-based, low-cost and convenient shopping, online shopping in this way allows access to the Internet users, especially young netizens love. However, according to reflect the network users to the main two problems: First, this new way of shopping and traditional shopping habits of people do not meet, users can not be based solely on the information page to make purchase decisions, and often the need for interactive questions and answers to complete the purchase of activities; problem Second, users of online shopping is also more and more complaints. Defective goods bought online shopping, after-sales maintenance and so on are difficult to users of network problems to the big problem. Therefore, to establish a platform for consultation, complaint customer service centers to focus on online shopping customers to products arising from the consultation and service complaints, as well as provide after-sales service for the products among the services, customers can avoid the worry about online shopping, improve the quality of service, as well as site customer satisfaction and loyalty. Back to site customer service call center system, not only for websites and Internet users to build a good communication between the bridges, the purchase process for customers to provide real-time advice, guidance and other services to buy, to provide customers with a powerful support, to a large extent alleviate a lot of users on-line products "visible or touched" concerns. At the same time, customer service call center through a return visit to conduct the investigation of complaints, after-sales service, such as to eliminate the worry about customer service, thereby enhancing the turnover rate of the Internet, promoting the platform to increase turnover, but also will improve customer service background site the efficiency of the background to optimize resources and reduce management costs and human costs. Call centers to Web site building system practical significance 1. To enhance the image of shopping sites, shopping sites shows strength; 2. Is conducive to the promotion website, to expand customer base and advertising clients; 3. To strengthen ties with customers and enhance customer loyalty; 4. To improve the internal management of shopping efficiency and employee satisfaction; * 24-hour service, customers and advertisers to ensure the continuity of the service; 6. To enhance interaction with customers is to site an effective weapon to compete for customers; 7. To reduce the multi-site management and operating costs; 8. A good after-sales service and communication mechanism that allows customers to worry about replacing to improve the rate of online transactions. System Overview System will be voice information, self-service, service manual closely with the shopping site Invoicing, distribution resources, supply chain resources, customer resources, network integration, to establish a network of rapid response mechanisms, and enhance customer groups and shopping sites interaction, resource allocation and utilization. System as a platform for open dialogue, customer service personnel to site to interact with customers and collaboration in order to complete the customer service and customer care; At the same time, customer service staff to be kept informed of the situation Invoicing internal website to facilitate the suppliers of goods and grasp the information. System function 1. Self-Service Customer call center at the first site to enter the voice query system, under the guidance of voice navigation in different input buttons, select the information you want. In self-service, customers can get the following services: 1) product inquiries; 2) information marketing products; 3) Introduction to Web site; 4) Members of integral inquiry; 5), order status inquiries; 6) the selection of merchandise and telephone orders; 7) self-service query and select the payment method and delivery mode; 8) Self-Subscribe to site new information; 9) the client and to the interaction between sites, such as voting, campaigning and other activities; 10) self-Fax; 11) policies and regulations related inquiries; 12) information to advertisers; 13) the complaint, the proposed voice mail, etc., and so . 自动通告 自动通告为语音导航的一部分，客户致电后可首先听到这部分内容。自动通告可发布的内容有： 1) 购物网站介绍及最新动态； 2) 重要信息公布； 3) 购物网站优惠活动发布； 4) 合作信息； 5) 最新政策法规，等等。 3. 客户咨询 客户在网页选择商品时可随时通过电话、自助语音服务、电子邮件、传真、即时聊天工具等方式与客服人员取得联系，咨询商品性能、类别、使用方法等细节信息，客服人员根据客户的需求提供购物指导，方便客户进行购买判断。 购物网站的客户咨询主要包括：挑选产品实时咨询、支付方式咨询、配送方式咨询、售后服务咨询、合作项目咨询等等。系统对于老客户可建立一对一的亲情关系，将老客户的来话直接转接到以前曾与之通过话的客服人员处，有助于客户的维系和服务的延续性。 4. 业务受理 客户除在网页上点选商品、生成订单并提交之外，还可以通过呼叫中心的自助语音服务自助下单，以及通过转人工服务来下单。多种购买方式让客户随心选择。 客服人员受理客户所下订单，生成派单并转发给相应部门进行配送。待处理结果通过网络返回到购物网站呼叫中心后，工作人员以电话、传真、短信息、电子邮件等方式回复客户。客户也可随时通过本系统了解所提交订单现处于哪一环节及哪一部门所处理。主要受理业务内容除了下单之外，还有选择付款方式、选择配送方式、产品报修等业务。 5. 主动服务/客户关怀 购物网站客服人员通过本系统的外拨功能，可以实现对客户的主动服务。外拨方式分为四种：外拨语音架构，外拨语音文件，群发短信和传真。客户关怀的具体内容有： 1) 对意向客户群体的关怀与跟踪； 2) 对潜在客户的信息告知； 3) 最近购物网站活动通告； 4) 网上调查、投票、征集等活动； 5) 客户满意度调查、客户消费习惯与需求调查； 6) 购物网站促销活动告知； 7) 老客户回访调查； 8) 付款、配送等信息的提醒与确认； 9) 客户购买产品的确认、提醒与祝福，等等。 6. 客户投诉与建议 通过人工服务、语音信箱、传真、电子邮件等方式，客户可将投诉或建议反馈给购物网站客服人员。客服人员接到反馈信息后，可将电话转接给相关部门处理，有助于投诉或纠纷的圆满解决。 7. 购物网站调查 在电子商务逐渐成为企业营销趋势的今天，购物网站需要建立一个能够直接了解市场和客户的需求变化的窗口。系统通过外拨方式可进行市场调查、客户满意度调查、客户消费习惯与需求调查等活动，制定针对性的改善方案，调整购物网站的经营管理策略，提高管理决策的科学性，提高购物网站整体品牌形象，从而提高效益和效率，降低管理和经营成本。 8. 统计报表 系统可根据来去电的详细情况进行有效统计，包括客户在线等待时间、来电记录、自助查询记录、收发短信息记录等，并且生成各种统计图形。购物网站客服人员可以灵活地自定义统计内容，为购物网站决策提供权威有效的数据。统计报表主要包括以下数据： 1) 客户在语音查询中各项产品的查询统计； 2) 每一位购物网站客服人员的接入、拨出电话的数量、时间统计； 3) 每一通来电的客户在线等待时间的记录与统计； 4) 购物网站客服人员的状态记录：示闲、示忙、话务处理； 5) 收发短信的记录与统计，等等。 通过统计报表中的各项统计分析数据，购物网站可以清楚地获知哪类产品或服务最畅销，哪一类产品或服务客户投诉最多，等等。统计报表可为网站及时捕捉和改善服务质量提供科学依据。 9. 扩展服务 本系统具有开放性，可与网络购物企业自有的会员管理、进销存系统、办公系统等实现无缝结合，还可根据企业的具体要求定制开发某些功能。 Online shopping solution for call center industry The development of electronic commerce today, many users have become accustomed to from the Internet without leaving home. The entire process electronic transactions, digital and network-based, low-cost and convenient shopping, online shopping in this way allows access to the Internet users, especially young netizens love. However, according to reflect the network users to the main two problems: First, this new way of shopping and traditional shopping habits of people do not meet, users can not be based solely on the information page to make purchase decisions, and often the need for interactive questions and answers to complete the purchase of activities; problem Second, users of online shopping is also more and more complaints. Defective goods bought online shopping, after-sales maintenance and so on are difficult to users of network problems to the big problem. Therefore, to establish a platform for consultation, complaint customer service centers to focus on online shopping customers to products arising from the consultation and service complaints, as well as provide after-sales service for the products among the services, customers can avoid the worry about online shopping, improve the quality of service, as well as site customer satisfaction and loyalty. Back to site customer service call center system, not only for websites and Internet users to build a good communication between the bridges, the purchase process for customers to provide real-time advice, guidance and other services to buy, to provide customers with a powerful support, to a large extent alleviate a lot of users on-line products "visible or touched" concerns. At the same time, customer service call center through a return visit to conduct the investigation of complaints, after-sales service, such as to eliminate the worry about customer service, thereby enhancing the turnover rate of the Internet, promoting the platform to increase turnover, but also will improve customer service background site the efficiency of the background to optimize resources and reduce management costs and human costs. Call centers to Web site building system practical significance 1. To enhance the image of shopping sites, shopping sites shows strength; 2. Is conducive to the promotion website, to expand customer base and advertising clients; 3. To strengthen ties with customers and enhance customer loyalty; 2. Automatic circular Automatic circular part for voice navigation, customers can call to hear the first part of the contents. Automatic notices can be issued are as follows: 1) to website and the latest developments; 2) The publication of important information; 3) The site offers to release; 4) cooperation in information; 5) the latest policies and regulations, and so on. 3. Customer Inquiry Customers to choose products on the page at any time by phone, voice self-service, e-mail, fax, instant messenger, etc. get in touch with the customer service staff, the Advisory commodity performance, type, details use of information, customer service personnel in accordance with customer needs guidance to facilitate the purchase of customers to judge. Web site consultation to clients include: the selection of products in real-time consultation, advice of payment, delivery consultation, after-sales consulting, project consulting and so on. System could be established and existing customers for one-on-one family relationship to the old customers directly, then have them transferred to the customer service personnel through the Department, then to help customers maintain and service continuity. 4. Business admissibility In addition to merchandise click on the page to generate and submit orders, but also through self-help call center voice self-service orders, as well as services through the transfer of a single artificial. Purchase a variety of ways to allow customers to choose heart. Customer service staff receive customer orders, generating and sending a single transponder for distribution to the appropriate departments. Pending the outcome of the network to return to the site after the call center staff by phone, fax, short messaging, e-mail reply to clients. Customers may also request at any time by understanding the system is now in order to submit links and which departments which are dealing with. In addition to the main contents of the admissibility of business orders, there are payment options to choose, select delivery methods, product repair services. 5. Active Service / Customer Care Customer service shopping site through the outbound function of the system can be achieved in active service to customers. Outbound mode is divided into four categories: structure of outbound voice, outbound voice files, mass text messaging and fax. The specific content of customer care are as follows: 1) of intention to customer care and follow-up groups; 2) information to potential customers; 3) the recent circular to site activities; 4) The online survey, voting, assembly and other activities; 5) customer satisfaction survey, customer habits and needs of the consumer survey; 6) Web site promotional activities to inform; 7) return the survey and existing customers; 8) payment, delivery information such as a reminder and confirmation; 9) confirmed that customers buy products, and best wishes to remind, and so on. 6. Customer complaints and suggestions Through artificial service, voice mail, fax, e-mail, customer complaints or suggestions can be fed back to customer service personnel to site. Customer feedback upon receipt of information, may be call forwarding to the relevant departments to deal with, contribute to complaints or disputes satisfactorily resolved. 7. To site survey In e-commerce has gradually become the trend of today's corporate marketing, shopping sites need to establish a direct understand the market changes and customer demand for the window. System can be carried out through the outbound market research, customer satisfaction surveys, customer habits and needs of the consumer survey and other activities, to develop targeted programs to improve and adjust the operation and management of shopping strategy that will improve the scientific nature of management decision-making and improve the overall shopping brand image, thereby enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency, reduce management and operating costs.

网上购物系统论文摘要本文以当今火爆流行的ASP技术开发设计了”maomao电子购物街”交互式电子商店系统。采用结构化生命周期法，自顶向下、逐层分解，模块化的系统结构设计。全文共分为绪论、软件计划、需求分析、概要设计、软件的详细设计与编码、网站的运行维护及系统测试和总结等七章。绪论中阐述了电子商务的起源与电子商务的意义。软件计划中阐述了市场调查、可行性研究、软件工程方法以及构建本网站所需的开发环境。需求分析阶段阐述了本网站的功能需求、外部接口的需求，将来可能提出的功能需求，并设计系统的逻辑模型。概要设计中阐述了网站的总体设计思想、首页的设计、网站的总体功能设计以及数据库的逻辑设计。在软件的详细设计中阐述了数据库的详细设计、网站各模块功能的具体实现，完成了本系统的ASP交互式电子商店的系统。系统运行与维护中阐述了软件维护和测试的重要性。文中详细说明了系统分析、系统设计的方法在系统实际开发中应用，并总结了开发过程中的一些经验和体会。关键字 网上购物系统，电子商务，ASP，HTML，系统开发目 录第一章 绪论电子商务的起源电子商务的意义第二章 软件计划市场调查可行性研究结构化生命周期法构建网站的开发环境构建Web服务器安装与设置使用脚本编辑器数据库的选择第三章 需求分析功能需求功能划分功能描述外部接口需求系统将来可能提出的要求系统逻辑模型的提出数据流图数据字典第四章 概要设计网站的总体结构设计网站首页的设计网站的总体功能设计第五章 软件的详细设计与编码数据库设计数据库的结构创建数据库的安全性及配置网站各模块功能的具体实现第六章 网站的运行维护及系统测试网站的运行维护网站的系统测试第七章 展望与总结