真水岂无香
摘 要]本文从思维方式、价值观念、审美情趣、传统风俗文化心理及民族禁忌等层面探讨了广告翻译策略。广告翻译质量的关键在于能否使译入语文化背景下的受众产生原文在源语文化背景中的相应效果在于能否准确把握两种文化异同。本文拟从中西思维方式差异、文化背景与价值观念差异、审美情趣差异、从传统风俗文化心理及民族禁忌层面等层面阐述广告翻译策略。[关键词]广告文化心理翻译一、文化与广告语言语言是文化的载体它反映一个民族的特征不仅包含着该民族的历史和文化背景而且蕴藏着该民族对人生的看法及其生活方式和思维方式。广告是一门艺术广告作品要有艺术感染力不仅要吸引观众还要触动其情感使其对企业及商品产生好感进而引导购买行为(胡屹1999)。为达到攻心目的国际广告中语言文字的翻译一定要精心求善求美。广告本身也蕴含着丰富的文化内涵它从一个侧面揭示了一个民族的心理特征、信仰和价值观念。因此译者对广告的理解也不能只限于字面还要了解其引申意义及丰富的文化蕴涵。所以商品的译名应该是好读、好听、好看做到音、形、义的完美统一。在翻译英语广告文字时,无论是英译汉还是汉译英,绝不能满足于字面上的翻译,做“表面文章”。必须要使语言翻译得既准确又地道,尤其是要把原文中的“潜台词”(message)或言外之意传达出来,做到达意、传神和表形,收到意似、神似和形似三统一的效果。二、广告翻译策略分析王佐良先生曾指出“翻译中最大的困难就是两种文化的不同……翻译者必须是一个真正意义上的文化人。”作为跨文化交际的重要组成部分,广告翻译也同样受到文化因素的制约。广告文化具有明显的大众性、商业性、民族性和时代性的特点所以文化传统、信仰、价值观念在很大程度上影响广告活动。本文拟从中西思维方式差异、文化背景与价值观念差异、审美情趣差异、从传统风俗文化心理及民族禁忌层面等层面阐述广告翻译策略。1.从中西思维方式差异层面审视广告翻译策略语言是思维的工具,而文化的构成又离不开思维(心理文化就是思维的直接产物)人的语言表达是受思维方式支配的思维又影响和制约着语言。东、西方文化的思维方式有着很大的差异。东方人主张“天人合一”、“物我交融”追求和谐与对称平衡重综合、重归纳、重暗示。西方人则主张“人天分立”、“物我分明”崇尚个体思维、个性展示重形式论证重分析、细微、曲折挖掘惟恐不尽描写惟恐不周。例如在西方国家里妇女解放是人们关注的一个焦点。在一则题为“Why can't a woman be like a woman”的香水广告中列举了妇女形象、地位变化以及这些变化带来的矛盾和困惑广告最后写道:Cabriole is full of delicuous like the woman who'clever enough to rnjoy being awoman.香水作为一种女性化的商品在这里成为妇女“To befeminist and feminine”的中介。这则广告的创意充分利用了妇女对自身形象的关注细致地分析了妇女解放带给人们的心理困惑强调女性思维博得了广大女性对商品的好感达到了很好的广告效果。译者如果不了解受众的思维方式,广告商所做的广告不仅难以达到促销的目的反而会带来一些意想不到的麻烦。如在英语广告中unique是一个使用频率很高的词汇这在一定程度上反映了西方社会强调个性的思维方式。然而由于中华民族特有的文化心理对于unique的强调难以在汉语广告中达到相应的效果。与之相反在汉语广告中“大宝”牌化妆品的广告语:“儿子一瓶,我一瓶,再给老爸来一瓶,我给老婆买一瓶”迎合了注重家庭亲情的大众心理。可见不同的民族有着不同的思维方式。迎合人们的思维方式以唤起认同感准确生动地传达商品信息刺激广告受众的购买欲对于成功的广告翻译是十分重要的。2.从文化背景与价值观念差异层面审视广告翻译策略美国人类学家爱德华·泰勒在《原始文化》一书中把“文化”作为一个中心概念提出来提出文化是一个复合的整体其中包括知识、信仰、艺术、法律、道德、风俗以及人作为社会成员而获得的任何其他的能力和习惯文化的内容如此丰富,是一个民族经过几千年的沉淀、发展和承袭而形成一定社会和社会群体的共同意识和共同规范。不同的民族文化深受其背景的影响,形成其不同的价值观念。语言反映文化文化的核心是传统的价值观念。广告商正是利用这一点竭力迎合人们的价值观念以谋求最大的商业利益。同样是航空广告由于价值观念不同美国航空公司的广告是“Bigthrillsmall bills”(大刺激小价钱)强调刺激、新奇价格便宜这是美国人所崇尚的价值观。又如在美国的主流文化中追求成功是压倒一切的主旋律而成功与否乃至成功的大小往往是用金钱来衡量的。基于此一家证券公司打出这样的广告标语: Want To Succeed Not Just Survive;2 The Will ToSucceed Is Part Of Americans Spirit最后的点睛之笔为The SuccessYou Want We Help You不难想象这则广告将会给成功欲极强的美国人留下深刻的印象。又如“:Carefour”是外商投资的超市译为“家乐福”取“家家都快乐和幸福”之意。的确它为都市人提供了衣、食、用等方面的商品成了人们喜爱的购物场所。无独有偶“安而乐”卫生巾同样迎合了国人“平安幸福”的人生价值观让女性感到安全、快乐。又如“可口可乐”和百事可乐”译文和中文谐音而且具有美好的含义。如“乐凯”彩色胶卷的商标音译为“Luck”为“幸福”之意“;Stone”寓意是“坚如磐石”作为“四通”电脑的英文商标充分体现了“四通人”甘做中国电脑的铺路石创世界名牌坚韧不拔的精神。类似的译名还有上海补品来福(Life)果奶“乐百士”(Robust)等等。而法国某公司在中国某地区曾推出“鸦片”牌男用香水本想用鸦片的诱惑力使中国的男人使用“鸦片”牌香水像鸦片一样上瘾。但由于该公司不了解中国人对鸦片二字的感觉不是诱人而是痛恨此广告严重挫伤了我国民众的民族自尊心。结果此品牌香水上市后受到消费者的猛烈抨击。鉴于此广告的翻译工作最好由广告受众国的译者去做因为只有受众国的译者才能熟知本国的价值观念才能译出符合本国受众思维方式和文化习惯因而为他们所喜欢的广告语。3.从审美情趣差异层面审视广告翻译策略大众的审美心理与广告的翻译之间存在着非常密切的关系。审美心理是一种综合的文化意识涉及到政治观点、宗教观念、生活方式和风俗习惯等各个方面。中国国民稳固的心里结构以“仁”、“务实”、“忍耐”为基本内容。形成特有的审美取向这里有很大成分是受儒家的“中庸”之道思想方法影响。审美要求“内敛”且有美善统一的自觉要求与西方审美观中的张扬的唯心主义片段性的思维相比更客观一些。西方的审美心理强调主体感情、想象、直觉产生的美、美感受康德美学思想中人的主体能力的影响形成全力张扬的现代主义的审美观这种审美观是非理性的具有意志、直觉、潜意识等方面把握美之本身的唯美化倾向。这种审美心理差异形成了中西广告文化的不同心理。中国人在文化上表现为大一统观念例如重权威、轻事实还有从众心理;有小农意识重实惠轻意念且人格至上。西方人的文化心理结构较为复杂以“人本”、“认知”、“行为”为基本内容。审美情趣是一种综合的文化意识涉及生活方式、风俗习惯等方面。而广告又是面对大众的一种重要的商品宣传手段它要迎合大众的审美心理。广告的翻译没有固定的模式应采用灵活多变的方法最大限度地再现原广告的神韵和风格提倡吸引力、诱惑力和表达方式的大众化同时要尊重普通人的审美情趣。因此广告商要深入了解商品出口国的文化背景了解异域广告受众的审美情趣这一点在出口商品的名称翻译中尤为重要。如我国有种叫“芳芳”的口红国人看到“芳芳”二字心中会产生美好的联想仿佛看到一位美丽善良的少女又好像闻到了她周身袭来的香气。而此商标音译成“Fang Fang”英语国家的消费者听了心中不禁生起一种恐怖之情因为Fang恰好是一个英文单词其义是a snake'spoison tooth(蛇的毒牙)。因此他们联想到的并不是一位涂口红的美丽少女而是毒汁四溅的毒蛇。翻译出现了这一败笔口红的销路便可想而知了。Whisper卫生巾音译为“护舒宝”。Whisper的英文意思是耳语、密谈富含女性用品的形象性和女性味。而翻译为中文时则传达给中国女性消费者的是该产品的功能和优良的品质给人以舒爽、安全、美妙的感觉从而达到了名牌效应。再如宝洁公司的洗发用品Head&Shoulder如果仅根据原文直译为“头和肩”或像我国台湾地区一样翻译为“海伦仙杜丝”消费者会感到茫然不知所云而译为“海飞丝”高雅的词义迎合了广告受众的审美情趣使人联想到怡人的大海以及青春美少女飘逸柔顺的秀发随风飞扬的画面自然会激发消费者强烈的购买欲望。优雅的名称对商品来说是一种“包装”对消费者而言是一种“诱惑”。翻译广告时要符合大众的审美情趣只有当一个译名在人的心目中产生与本国消费者相似的美感时该产品才会被接受。4.从传统风俗文化心理及民族禁忌层面审视广告翻译策略一个国家、民族都有千百年来形成的风俗文化及审美习惯。因此译者应充分考虑到商品所销国家和地区的文化、历史和风俗尽量避免带有文化禁忌色彩的词语和形象这样才不会影响商品的销路。例如:中国有一种电扇商标为“蝙蝠”是因为“蝠”和“福”同音蝙蝠被认为是吉祥的动物。在日本韩国蝙蝠也象征幸福。但是如果翻译为Bat会引起西方人反感。类似的还有Dragon(龙)在我国历史上龙是一个图腾形象而在西方文化中;Dragon却代表罪恶、邪恶。英国人不喜欢Magpie(喜鹊)、大象。伊斯兰教国家对Panda(熊猫)很反感。数字在中西方喜好也有区别。日本不喜欢“4”认为与“死”同音。“7”在欧美国家有积极意义。“13”则象征不幸。出口英国的商标最好不用“666”因为它在圣经里象征魔鬼。还有对花类的青睐禁忌也有区别。如日本人忌讳荷花喜欢樱花意大利人偏爱玫瑰讨厌菊花。翻译时颜色的广告词也不可忽视。如:美国人大都不喜欢紫色;法国人讨厌墨绿色而偏爱蓝色;比利时人最忌蓝色;西方国家以白色象征纯洁把黑色当作死亡。总之各种禁忌无奇不有广告翻译者应大力研究。广告语言承载丰富的文化蕴涵。如MercedesBenz的中译“平治”这两个字马上使人联想到《大学》里所说的“齐家、治国、平天下”。平治汽车是身份的象征车主非富则贵即使不是国家、天下的领导者至少在治、平两方面有些参与。与平治同为名车的BMW译为“宝马”是取B与M的发音。现代的名车就是古代的宝马这两种汽车的翻译就很体现中国的文化内涵迎合了消费者的心理。不熟悉外族文化不了解异域人民的审美心理就会在商标翻译中出现败笔。还有一种出口干电池的商标叫“白象”英译成“WhiteElephant”应该是百分之百的正确。殊不知awhiteelephant这条固定的英文短语意为“沉重的负担”或“无用而累赘的东西”。由于翻译中的这一败笔商品的销路可想而知。为了向译者忠实地转达原文的信息和实现广告语的艺术性有时要做适当的文化转换。如“玉兔”这一商标英译成“MoonRabbit”而不译成“JadeRabbit”。原因是“玉兔”乃是我国神话中陪伴吴刚生活在月宫桂花树下的兔子因此它又成为月的代称。将它译成MoonRabbit体现了我国东方文化的风采使英文不易产生异解不会误以为是玉做成的兔子。三、结束语广告语言本身充满着丰富的想象力和极大的创造性。促销是它惟一的目的而把一国的广告语译成另一国广告语时由于社会文化、语言、民族心理等多方面的原因这种翻译绝非只是一种一一对应的语码转换。要求译者要具备语言、社会文化、民俗、心理学等、经济市场学、广告原理等方面的知识。二、参考文献:三、[1]王秉钦:文化翻译学[M].天津:南开大学出版社1995四、[2][美]萨丕尔:语言论[M].北京:商务印书馆1985五、[3]王佐良:翻译:思考与试笔[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社1989
种菜的阿布
Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on, imaginative, unusual ideas, language and imaginative, strong feelings. Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life, and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens, France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the writer. Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society, the dark, in-depth criticism of the reality of evil, France Balzac and Maupassant, the United Kingdom of Charlotte, Bronte,. Russia's Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this category. Value today, the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary fiction. East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the case. Second, the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel, the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1, the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters, language and the details of the description, in contradiction to the conflict to display the images, but the character of a single, small changes in the absence of the main flu. Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description, stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind, good at writing full, the changes in the strong sense of the main characters. Again, "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts, but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent, and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character, but Jane Eyre's character is the brave, strong, warm, kind-hearted, and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng's. In short, people in the area described in the West has its own unique features. 2, China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete story. Plot twists and turns, the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional arts. The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid characteristics. Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous, magnificent anomaly, rigorous and clever, dramatic plot development. The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular, undulating waves, Cuoluoyouzhi, careful structure, an integral whole. "A Dream of Red Mansions", everywhere She Fu, Hui turning point, the story of Jia's best writing. Western plot in respect of the outstanding works, although there are many, but it can not be compared with the Chinese novel. 3, concise and lively Chinese language novel, rich in content and rich Western novels. Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language, at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose, often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the people. Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge, involve the community in many ways, so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many areas. Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are more. Western novels have different characteristics, and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent related. 4, Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression destroyed. Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult, Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame, so many great writers living, creating the conditions are not covered, many of the great works of authors who do not know. Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow, and many talented writers were forced to church services, wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry hole. Third, Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty, China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system, the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each other. Of course, due to historical reasons, the Chinese side of the draw a little more. To this day, the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm, although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent, but the United States are interlinked. We have every reason to believe that in the near future, the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate, develop and reach new artistic heights. References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election," Zhang Zhong, such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考,请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。
WJH卡琪屋
1、 (英语系毕业论文)中西戏剧发展快慢对比及其原因 摘 要 中西戏剧都有悠久的历史,无论是西方戏剧还是中国戏剧,都起源于民间,并与原始人祭祀神灵,欢庆节日的仪式密切联系在一起的。回顾希腊戏剧产生形成的历史,它发展快,成就高,在世界上的影响很... 类别:毕业论文 大小:95 KB 日期:2007-07-14 2、 (英语系毕业论文)从中美管理方式的不同透析中西方文化差异与整合 摘 要随着全球化的来临,中国与外界的交流越来越频繁,特别是在商界。本论文主要探讨中美在管理上的交流。如今的商界,如同一个大家庭,参与者遍布世界各地。正是由于这个原因,各国的管理模式也趋于一体化。但是... 类别:毕业论文 大小:85 KB 日期:2007-06-26 3、 (英语系毕业论文)在经济全球化下中西方文化差异与跨文化管理 摘 要伴随着世界经济的快速增长,跨国公司的飞速发展, 全球商业活动的猛烈激增,同时伴随着在文化多样化环境下的相关管理问题的出现,跨国公司的人员必须与来自不同文化背景的人打交道,这种文化差异时而会造成... 类别:毕业论文 大小:96 KB 日期:2007-06-26 4、 (英语系毕业论文)中西服饰文化差异对语言的影响 摘 要中西服饰受其各自不同哲学和文化的影响体现出不同的特征:儒家思想和大陆文明使中国服饰呈现出繁冗,宽博的特征。它不注重外表的装饰,以宽松的衣服遮掩身体的曲线,在思想上追求人格的完美,以“谦谦君... 类别:毕业论文 大小:90 KB 日期:2007-06-25 5、 (英语系毕业论文)快餐食品对中西方传统饮食文化的影响力 摘 要自古以来,中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区,礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响,目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同... 类别:毕业论文 大小:88 KB 日期:2007-06-25 6、 (英语系毕业论文)从礼仪角度谈中西文化的差异性 摘 要自古以来,中国就是一个以礼待人的礼仪之邦。而在不同的国家、不同的地区,礼仪的形式也有所不同。本文主要从礼仪的角度谈论了礼仪与中西方文化之间的联系及相互影响,目的是为了消除不同国家之间的不同... 类别:毕业论文 大小:85 KB 日期:2007-06-23 7、 (英语系毕业论文)中西饮食文化及其差异 摘 要中国悠久历史5000年,西方世界五六百年的社会历程。中国有灿烂丰富、博大精深的饮食文化;西方国家则有精巧专维、自成体系的饮食文明。民以食为天,中国有自己独特丰富的饮食文化底蕴。然而今天除了中国... 类别:毕业论文 大小:100 KB 日期:2007-06-21 8、 (英语系毕业论文)中西酒店文化比较及探讨 摘 要在经济蓬勃发展的今天,旅游业风风火火地发展起来了,作为与旅游业相配套的酒店业也相应的完善起来,且更加趋于国际化。中国已经入世,这更给中国的酒店业带来一个新的发展契机,但世界上酒店发展规模空前,...
鹭鹭的宝贝妞
建议你先找找案例。而且你给你内容也太宽泛了, 西方国家之间的文化也有很大的差异,建议你给出一个特定的国家和地区 再搜索结果。 而且作为毕业论文,引文要20篇以上才够说话。如果你有特定需要,可以留言联系我, 本人在美国读MBA
苦丁茶1苦丁茶
Abstract: Dress culture is a cultural phenomenon unique to human beings. As it has different aesthetic ideas, different dressing concepts and different dress etiquette in China and west, it forms Chinese and western dress culture of the different connotation and characteristics. This thesis is divided into four major sections. The first part describes the different features of Chinese and western dress and why people wear clothing. The second part describes cultural differences between Chinese and western clothing. The third part gives an analysis of Chinese and western dress culture. The last part describes Chinese and western dress aesthetic culture and dress concept. Based on the analysis, the thesis finally draws a conclusion. Chinese and western dress culture each has rich connotation and distinct characteristics, which are precious cultural legacy which is left by human ancestors and are the world culture heritage. At the same time, we treasure our own civilization of five thousand years instead of belittling ourselves. It is significant to promote and develop our unique costume culture. We are confident and make contributions to realizing the rejuvenation of our Chinese nation and enriching the clothing culture of the whole world. Key words: Chinese and western clothing; culture;differences;aesthetic culture and clothing concepts 摘要摘要摘要摘要::::服饰文化是人类特有的文化现象。由于中西方各民族的审美观念、着装理念和服饰礼仪的不同,从而形成了不同内涵、不同特色的中西方服饰文化。本文共分为四部分。第一部分主要介绍了中西服饰的不同特征以及为什么人要穿衣服,第二部分写中西方服饰的差异,第三部分写导致中西方服饰文化差异的原因,第四部分则写中西方服饰审美文化和着装理念。通过以上简单的论述,最后得出结论,中西方服饰文化各具有丰富的内涵和鲜明的特色,她们都是人类祖先留下来的宝贵文化遗产 ,是世界文化的瑰宝。与此同时,我们应该珍惜自己五千年的文明而不是贬低自己的文明。促进和发展我们独特的民族服饰文化具有重要的意义。为了实现我们中华民族的文化复兴和丰富整个世界的文化,让我们自信起来吧! 关键词关键词关键词关键词::::中西服饰;文化;差异性;审美文化与着装理念Introduction Costume culture, carried by costume, is a respect of our physical and spiritual life and a mixture of our psychological activities like consciousness, emotion, idea and ideal. The rapid development of advanced technology makes multiculturalism stand out and also makes conflicts between China and the West increase. In that case, it becomes more and more important to recognize the similarities and differences of costume culture between China and the West. Nowadays, the whole world is, to some extent, dominated by the western costume culture, which has wound its way into the daily life of the whole world, together with technology, life style and values from the West. Quite popular in China, it’s nominally called “internationalization” or “globalization”. In recent years, the costume industry of China has developed swiftly. The “international” costume, featured by the western costume culture, has become a pretty important part of our daily life. However, as our economy takes off, international status rises and living standard improves, a wave of national costume culture resurgence is rising. Moreover, people from the West pay more and more attention to the giant dragon in the East——China. Western costume designers constantly introduce Chinese costume cultural elements to their latest designs. Those phenomena arouse a series of thoughts: what distinguishes Chinese costume culture from the western one? Are there any similarities between them? What kind of costume culture will we Chinese hold as the mainstream in the future, the so-called “international” western one, the Chinese one or the fusion of the two? To obtain the answers to these questions, we are supposed to study and contrast carefully the characteristics and developing processes of them, and then draw some regularity. To contrast the costume culture between China and the West, it is necessary for us to master a good knowledge of the Chinese and western costume cultural 1 Chinese and western dress The different features of Chinese and western dress China is known as “Xia” as it’s a land of propriety, and it’s also known as “Hua” with the beauty of its costume. (①《左传》p83) Our national costume is Hanfu. It originated in the Yanhuang era, formed in the Spring and Autumn Period and officially took form in Han Dynasty. That’s the reason why it’s called “Hanfu”. Since then, in spite of historical evolutions of all ages, their basic characteristics have never changed. Hanfu, on the whole, can be divided into four developing stages: Zhou Han Hanfu, Wei Jin Hanfu, Sui Tang Hanfu and Song Ming Hanfu. Zhou Han Hanfu was featured by dignity and simplicity, while Wei Jin Hanfu by chic and elegance, Sui Tang Hanfu by dignified, graceful, elegant and poised style. Hanfu in Song and Ming Dynasties epitomizes the characteristics of the past-simple, dignified, elegant, etc. In Qing Dynasty, Hanfu was forbidden by the government and disappeared from the land of China. The main features of Chinese clothing are focusing on the right collar’s overlap, the band deducted hidden, big sleeves, no buttons and using string binding, giving the impression of free and easy flowing. These characteristics are obviously different from those of other ethnic costumes. Hanfu is divided into uniform and common clothing. With strict standards, uniform is dressed on formal occasions while the common clothing, without long sleeves, is very convenient to people’s daily life. However, the western clothing is different form the Chinese clothing. The West belongs to Marine civilization, it emphasizes the subjective and objective separation and that we should rationally treat clothing, advocate releasing personality, stress dress effect and be good at showing beautiful the posture of the body. Besides, we use various clipping, color collocation means to perfect bodily curve and give a person with visual comfort in the modeling. A suit, also known as a business suit, comprises a collection of matching clothing consisting of: a coat﹙commonly known as a jacket﹚,a waistcoat﹙optional﹚﹙USA vest﹚for men, a pair of trousers﹙USA pants﹚, or for women, a shirt or trousers. A suit is generally accompanied by torment, a shirt and tie or for women, a blouse. Why people wear clothingChinese people are concerned more about its social function of helping to rule a country well than that of keeping warm or decorating. It has a lot to do with ruling a country to regulate the dressing way of the common people. Nevertheless, the westerners pay more attention to its wealth value and function. Therefore, people put on clothing for functional and social reasons. The functional reason The first use of clothing is to resist the cold and cover the body. Functions of clothing include providing the human body protection against extremes of climate (extreme heat, icy winters, and drenching storms) and protection against insects, noxious, chemicals, and contact with abrasive substances. In sum, clothing protects human beings against anything that might injure the naked, unprotected human body. The social reason Clothing also delivers social messages to other humans. Social messages sent by clothing, accessories, and decorations can involve social status, occupation, ethnic and religious belief, marital status, cultural degree and sexual availability, etc. For example, only Roman citizens can wear “Toga” in Rome while dragon robe can only be dressed by the emperor in China.
由于我国与西方的生活习惯以及民族习俗的不同,中西方 文化 存在许多差异。下面是我为大家整理的中西方文化差异论文,供大家参考。 摘要: 从历史文化的角度来说,
摘 要]本文从思维方式、价值观念、审美情趣、传统风俗文化心理及民族禁忌等层面探讨了广告翻译策略。广告翻译质量的关键在于能否使译入语文化背景下的受众产生原文在源语
摘要: 改革开放以来,我国同世界各国的交往日益增多,与外国人的交往也日益频繁。商务邀宴是非常具有潜力的商业工具,中西餐是其主要形式,餐饮礼仪中又有中餐礼仪和西餐
The culture differences between the East and WestAs we know ,there are so many d
浅谈中西方语言、思维与文化差异的现代思考论文 摘要:以英、汉两种语言的形式和表达习惯为切入点, 进一步印证萨皮尔-沃尔夫假设有关语言决定思维并影响思维的基本结论