毕业论文公示语翻译

A Thesis Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of B. A./B. S. in ***这是标准的学士学位毕业论文的说法，.代表文学学士，.代表理学学士，***处填上专业。

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毕业论文用英语的翻译：毕业 论文 迅捷在线翻译：Graduation （毕业） thesis（论文）参考一下

“毕业论文”用英文是dissertation dissertation[ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn]n. 专题论文，学位论文；学术演讲 毕业论文； 博士论文； 论文； 学位论文 例句： was involved in writing his doctoral dissertation. 他在聚精会神地写他的博士论文.2. I have not yet footnoted my dissertation. 我还没有给我的论文加上脚注.3. I'm working my notes up into a dissertation. 我正在把我的笔记修改成论文.

这个是我的论文开题报告，已经会议通过了的论文（设计）题目 Translation of Public Signs From Pragmatic Perspective从语用角度看公示语翻译课题目的、意义及相关研究动态：目的：随着我国经济的发展和对外开放步伐的加快，国际间的友好往来及经济合作日益增多，对外联系和国际交流日益频繁。公示语是国际化都市、旅游目的地的语言环境和人文环境的重要组成部分。因此,汉语公示语的英译日趋重要。但现在在我国各大城市的公示语翻译中存在着参差不齐的错误，意义：现在在我国部分城市的公示语中，由于没有正确把握语用等效的原则,出现了信息偏差、信息错误和信息交际障碍，即语用失误，包含语用语言方面的失误和社交语用方面的失误。本文拟从语用角度分析在我国部分公示语的翻译问题，通过探讨公示语的语言特点和语用功能,提出公示语的翻译原则和方法。研究动态：吕和方指出了公示语的四种应用功能特征:指示性、提示性、限制性、强制性,分析了公示语的“动态”和“静态”信息,并对公示语独特的语言风格进行了阐述。王银泉、万正方、金龙等剖析了我国城市公共场所公示语英译中存在的失误现象,提出具体的可行性改进意见,探讨了公示语翻译的方法和规律。于秋、黄小明认为由于语言和文化的不同,汉语公示语在英译时经常出现语用失效问题,这些问题主要表现在语用语言失误和社交语用失误两方面。2003年8月,北京第二外国语学院开通了“汉英公示语研究在线”(http://www•;e-signs•info•com), 2004年9月负责主编了《汉英公示语词典》,系统总结了目前的公示语翻译,并成立了“汉英公示语研究课题组”。课题的主要内容（观点）、创新之处：主要内容：本文从语用的角度来讨论公示语的翻译，分析了公示语的分类及其特点，并引用大量例证说明我国现在在公示语翻译方面所存在的问题。提出在公示语的翻译中，应根据关联理论，充分考虑语境，运用语用等效的原则来进行翻译。创新之处：我国现有的研究公示语翻译的论文有很多，但本文提出公示语的翻译应该重视语境的作用,增加关联度,扩大认知环境,以达到语用等效目的。研究方法、设计方案或论文撰写提纲：研究方法：采用演绎法和文献资料法相结合的方法，运用事例型论据与理论型论据，提出在公示语的翻译中应遵循语用等效的原则。论文撰写提纲：引言一、公示语概述（一）公示语的定义及特点（二）公示语的分类（三）公示语的实用功能二、从语用等效角度看公示语汉英翻译中存在的问题（一）中式英语对语用语言等效的影响（二）文化因素对社交语用等效的影响三、关联理论与语用等效翻译（一）源语与语境之间的关联（二）相关的公示语言不同地位（三）如何达到语用等效四、语用等效在公示语翻译中的应用（一）逆向选择措辞或表达方式（二）熟知目标公示语习语表达（三）精简目标语中长句翻译（四）确定公示语所处语境（五）充分考虑目标公示语的文化因素结语完成期限和预期进度：1、选题：2008年10月15日以前2、下达任务书：2008年10月31日以前3、开题：2008年11月30日以前4、中期检查：下期开学以后，3月31日前5、答辩与成绩评定：2009年5月20日主要参考资料：Eugene A Nida. Language, Culture and Translating [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press,1993Eugene A. Nida & Charles R. Taber. The Theory and Practice of Translation [M].Halliday, M. A. K. An Introduction to Functional Grammar [M]. London: Edward Arnold, 1994Leo Hickey. The Pragmatics of Translation何自然.语用学与英语学习[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,1997.李怀奎,李怀宏.景观标识名称汉译英的语用等效研究[J].上海科技翻译,2004.刘建刚,闫建华.论告示的语用等效翻译[J].上海翻译,2005.王银泉.汉英公示语翻译及其译学理据[J]. 北京第二外国语学院学报(外语版),2007魏海波,刘全福.公示语英译中的语用关联分析[J]. 绍兴文理学院学报,2007杨丽波.国内公示语汉英翻译研究现状[J]. 怀化学院学报,2007指导教师意见：我可以帮你写，再联系

公共场所的英文标志使用的准确性、规范性体现了一个城市的管理理念和服务理念,关系到城市的对外开放形象和文明程度,不容忽视。有必要对城市中的公示语进行全面的整顿, 消除城市中各种标志、路牌、标语上的双语错误, 净化语言环境, 优化国际交往空间, 提高我市的国际形象。公示语的翻译,已经引起了翻译界、媒体和普通民众的关注。改进我市站名、路名、街道名、公共标志等的英语译文,已经到了刻不容缓的地步。这是一个系统工程,牵涉更多方面的因素。我们希望引起有关各方的注意,使安阳市的公示语翻译走上一条规范化和与国际接轨的道路。在此,我们特提出改进措施建议如下: Public place's English symbolized that the use accuracy, the standards have manifested an urban management idea and the service idea, relates the city the opening to the outside world vivid and the civilized degree, not allow to neglect. It is necessary to carry on the comprehensive reorganization to the urban public announcement language, eliminates in the city in each kind of sign, the street sign, the slogan bilingual mistake, the purification language environment, the optimized international contact space, enhances my city the international image. The public announcement language's translation, had already caused translator, the media and the ordinary populace's attention. Improves my city station name, Lu Ming, the street famous, the public symbol and so on English translation, already arrived at the urgent situation. This is a systems engineering, involves more various factor. We hoped that brings to interested sides attention, causes Anyang's public announcement language translator to step onto a standardized and with the international trail connection path. Here, we proposed especially the corrective measure suggestion is as follows: 依法统一管理 英文标示牌的出台,如果不需要经过上级的审批,就会出现标示牌使用的随意性。加强英语公示语的准确性和规范性非个人行为。因此,从宏观的角度说,它需要我们政府和全社会的共同关注和努力,将其纳入法制化轨道,尽快出台我市公示语翻译标准,对城市公共场所英译进行统一规范的管理。这方面,上海市的经验值得借鉴。2003 年上海市政府率先出台了《关于加强本市公共场所英文译名使用管理的若干意见》,制定了《上海市公共场所中文名称英译基本规则》,确定了公共场所中文名称英译的基本原则和方法,对相同事物的英译名统一、音译和汉语拼音使用、意译等进行了规范,并起到了积极的效果Legally global administration English signpost's releasing, if does not need to undergo higher authority's examination, will present the capriciousness which the signpost will use. Strengthens English public announcement language the accuracy and the regulated non-personal behavior. Therefore, said from the macroscopic angle that it needs our government and the entire society's common attention and diligently, integrates the legalization track it, releases my city public announcement language translation standard as soon as possible, translates to urban public place UK carries on the unified regulations the management. This aspect, Shanghai's experience is worth using for reference. in 2003 the Shanghai Municipal government took the lead to appear "about To strengthen This city Public place English Translated name Use Management Certain Opinions", formulated "Shanghai Public place Chinese Name UK To translate Fundamental rule", had determined public place Chinese name UK translated the basic principle and the method, to the same thing's British translated name unification, transliterated with the Pinyin use, the transliteration and so on have carried on the standard, rose together simultaneously the positive effect就这样了，不知道能不能帮到你

Dissertation writing, I need the translation of the following essay `` `` mishandled also hope you can help in English translation under translation. Since graduation, so do not need to translate content online. ~ Need to master the statement asked. ~ ~ In addition, the imminent delivery date, I hope that高手帮帮忙, help me complete the thesis at an early date would be grateful `` `! ! ~~~~~ English signs in public places to use the accuracy of the normative manifestation of a concept of urban management and service concepts, related to the city's image and the degree of civilization of the outside world, can not be ignored. The need for cities to conduct a comprehensive public language reorganization, the elimination of the city in a variety of signs, road signs, bilingual banners on errors, purify the language environment, and international exchanges to optimize space and improve the international image of our city. Public language translation, translation industry has been aroused, the media and general public concern. Improve our city stations, and road names, street names, public signs, such as the English translation, has reached a critical state. This is a systematic project, involving more factors. We hope to arouse the attention of the parties concerned so that the public in Anyang City to embark on a standardized language and the path in line with international standards. Here, we put forward proposals to improve the measures are as follows: According to the unified management The introduction of signs in English, if not after the approval of their superiors, there will be the use of arbitrary signs. Strengthen the accuracy of the English language publicity and the normative acts of non-personal. Therefore, from a macro point of view that it requires our government and society as a whole of common concern and efforts to incorporate them into the orbit of the rule of law, as soon as possible in our city public language standards, the English translation of the city in public places for a standardized management. This regard, the experience in Shanghai. Shanghai Municipal Government in 2003 introduced the first "on the strengthening of the city's public places have been translated into English a number of views on the use of management" and formulated the "public places in Shanghai the basic rules of the English translation of the Chinese name of" public places identified the English translation of Chinese name of the basic principles of and methods, the same unity of things have been translated into English, Pinyin transliteration, and the use of a paraphrase, such as norms, and has played a positive effect汗！！！

Thesis For Graduation毕业论文Thesis For Academic Degree学位论文Thesis表示比较严肃的文章，是带有一定目的的，研究性的文章。学位论文，研究报告。

内容要求毕业论文一般应包括以下九个主要组成部分（注意此次序即为装订次序）： 1.封面 采用全校统一制作格式，填写的内容为：论文题目（包括英文和中文题目）、学号、作者姓名、指导教师姓名、毕业论文完成日期。 2. 英文摘要 英文摘要应是毕业论文的中心内容，应具有独立性和自含性，即读者不需要阅读全文，就能获得必要的毕业论文信息。摘要内容涉及本项科研工作的目的和意义、研究方法、研究成果、结论。要注意突出毕业论文中具有创造性的成果和具有新见解的部分。 3. 中文摘要 中文摘要应与英文摘要相对应。 4.目录 目录作为毕业论文的提纲，是其各组成部分的小标题，应简明扼要。 5. 毕业论文正文 毕业论文正文是主体，一般由引言开始，以结论结束。毕业论文的内容可因研究课题的性质不同而变化，一般可包括文献综述，理论框架、研究方法、数据分析和讨论，以及本研究方法与已有研究方法的比较等。毕业论文正文应不少于6000英文词。 6.参考文献 参考文献是撰写毕业论文时引用的有关图书资料。应按作者姓氏的首字母顺序排列，英文文献在前，中文文献在后。 7.附录 研究中使用的问卷、重要的测试结果、图表、程序等可列在附录中。 8.致谢 对给予各类资助、指导和协助完成研究工作以及提供各种条件的单位和个人表示感谢。致谢应实事求是，切忌滥用浮夸庸俗之词。 9. 任务书 10. 开题报告 11.综合评定意见表