不是每一个目标都会完全实现，也不是每一样工作都能够最终成功;接下来，我给大家准备了生命重在过程双语美文,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
生命重在过程双语美文
If you have ever been discouraged because of failure, please read on.
For often, achieving what you set out to do is not the important thing. Let me explain.
Two brothers decided to dig a deep hole behind their house. As they were working, a couple of older boys stopped by to watch.
"What are you doing?" asked one of the visitors.
"We plan to dig a hole all the way through the earth!" one of the brothers volunteered excitedly.
The older boys began to laugh, telling the younger ones that digging a hole all the way through the earth was impossible.
After a long silence, one of the diggers picked up a jar full of spiders, worms and a wide assortment of insects. He removed the lid and showed the wonderful contents to the scoffing visitors.
Then he said quietly and confidently, "Even if we don't dig all the way through the earth, look what we found along the way!"
Their goal was far too ambitious, but it did cause them to dig. And that is what a goal is for-to cause us to move in the direction we have chosen; in other words, to set us to digging!
But not every goal will be fully achieved. Not every job will end successfully. Not every relationship will endure. Not every hope will come to pass. Not every love will last. Not every endeavor will be completed. Not every dream will be realized.
But when you fall short of your aim, perhaps you can say, "Yes, but look at what I found along the way! Look at the wonderful things which have come into my life because I tried to do something!"
It is in the digging that life is lived. And I believe it is joy in the journey, in the end, that truly matters.
中文：
如果你曾因失败沮丧过，请继续读下去。
完成你经常开始要做的事可不是大事，让我娓娓道来。
有兄弟俩人决定在他们房子后面挖一个深洞。就在他们不停挖洞时，几个年龄大点的男孩在附近停下来观看。
“你们在做什么?”其中一个问道。
“我们计划挖一个洞，一直穿过地球到达另一端!”兄弟俩中的一个兴奋地抢先说道。
这些大男孩开始大笑，告诉这两个兄弟挖洞穿过地球是不可能的。
长长的沉寂之后，其中一个挖掘者从洞里拿出一个装满蜘蛛、蠕虫和各种各样昆虫的罐子，他打开盖子把这些奇妙的东西展示给那些嘲讽者看。
然后他平静而又自信地说：“即使我们挖不到地球另一端，但看看我们途中发现的东西!”
他们的目标是太过于雄心勃勃了，但确实鼓励他们去做了。而这就是目标之所在——使我们朝着我们所选择的方向前进，换句话说，就是让我们去挖掘!
但不是每一个目标都会完全实现，也不是每一样工作都能够最终成功;不是每一种关系都能够持久，也不是每一丝希望都能够实现;不是每一次爱都能够天长地久，不是每一次努力都会硕果累累，也不是每一个梦想都能够实现。
但当你没有达到目标时，也许你可以说：“是的，但看看我们途中所发现的东西!看看这些因为我尽力去做而走进我生活的美妙东西!”
生命正是在挖掘的过程中才具有活力。而且我相信到最后真正要紧的还是过程中的乐趣。 相关 文章 ：
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来，我们一起来欣赏美文吧!接下来，我给大家准备了经典 美文欣赏 “渴望”双语,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
经典美文欣赏“渴望”双语
By Laurie Lee
One of the major pleasures in life is appetite, and one of our major duties should be to preserve it. Appetite is the keenness of living; it is one of the senses that tells you that you are still curious to exist, that you still have an edge on your longings and want to bite into the world and taste its multitudinous flavours and juices.
By appetite, of course,I don’t mean just the lust for food, but any condition of unsatisfied desire, any burning in the blood that proves you want more than you’ve got, and that you haven’t yet used up your life. Wilde said he felt sorry for those who never got their heart’s desire, but sorrier still for those who did.
Appetite, to me, is that state of wanting, which keeps one’s expectations alive. In wanting a peach, or a whisky, or a particular texture or sound, or to be with a particular friend. For in this condition, of course, I know that the object of desire is always at its most flawlessly perfect. Which is why I would carry the preservation of appetite to the extent of deliberate fasting, simply because I think that appetite is too good to lose, too precious to be bludgeoned into insensibility by satiation and over-doing it.
Fasting is an act of homage to the majesty of appetite. So I think we should arrange to give up our pleasures regularly — our food, our friends, our lovers — in order to preserve their intensity, and the moment of coming back to them. For this is the moment that renews and refreshes both oneself and the thing one loves. Sailors and travellers enjoyed this once, and so did hunters, I suppose. Part of the weariness of modern life may be that we live too much on top of each other, and are entertained and fed too regularly.
Too much of anything — too much music, entertainment, happy snacks, or time spent with one’s friends — creates a kind of impotence of living by which one can no longer hear,or taste, or see, or love, or remember. Life is short and precious, and appetite is one of itsguardians, and loss of appetite is a sort of death. So if we are to enjoy this short life we should respect the divinity of appetite, and keep it eager and not too much blunted.
论“欲”
原著：(英)劳里·李(1914—1997)
欲之所尽，乃人生一大快事。欲之所存，乃人生一大追求。欲为何物?对生活的热诚，对万物的好奇以及渴望的热切。心中所想的是“吃”遍天下，尝尽世间的酸甜苦辣、人生百味。
欲者，并非专指食欲，而乃渴望而不及之状态，以及那证明你永不满足、活力依旧的满腔热血。王尔德曾言：梦不圆者我同情之，圆梦者我愈加同情之。
在我心里，欲即“向往进行时”——无时无刻不充满期待。一只蜜桃，一盏浊酒，一匹好布，一曲销魂，一友相伴，此等种.种，向往便是极乐。因我深知：向往之时，心中之人、之物总是处于完美无瑕的最高境界。正是因为此等向往，我甚至可以不吃不喝，以存食欲。只因欲之极乐，唯恐失去;欲之不易，唯恐纵欲饱食而失其敏锐。
禁欲乃是为了尊重欲望之庄严。因此，无论是对于佳肴美食，三朋四友，或是花前月下，我们都可以每隔一段时间，有意地节制其中之乐，以确保乐之强烈，留住重获极乐的时刻。唯有此时此刻，我们全身上下才焕然一新，我们心爱之人才光彩照人，我们心怡之物才令人耳目一新。此等快感，我想那些水手、旅客和猎人定深有体会。世人也许都看腻了彼此面孔，吃腻了山珍海味，所以充满着倦意。
凡事多不得—— 音乐欣赏 多了，娱乐享受多了，零食享用多了，或是与朋友相处久了，人就会变得对生活力不从心，再也无法聆听世间美妙的声音，无法品尝人间百味，无法饱览天下美景，无法经历花前月下，无法留住片片回忆。人生在世，短短数十年;生命可贵，需欲望之神将其守护。欲在人在，欲亡人亡。生命诚短暂，我们仍可乐在其中，只要我们将欲望之神供奉，让欲望之火熊熊燃烧，永不熄灭。
扩展：青色类英文词汇
青色 cerulean blue ; blue ; green
豆青 pea green; bean green
花青 flower blue
茶青 tea green
葱青 onion green
天青 celeste; azure
霁青 sky-clearing blue
石青 mineral blue
铁青 electric blue ; river blue
蟹青 turquoise ; ink blue
鳝鱼青 eel green
蛋青 egg blue
影青 misty blue; white blue
黛青 bluish
群青，伟青 ultramarine
暗青 dark blue; deep cerulean
藏青 navy blue; dark blue; Ming blue
靛青 indigo
大青 smalt
粉青 light greenish blue
鲜青 clear cerulean
浅青 light blue; light cerulean
淡青 pale cerulean ; light greenish blue 相关 文章 ：
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快乐的方式有很多种，不过什么才是真的快乐呢?接下来，我给大家准备了英译中 散文 另一种快乐,欢迎大家参考与借鉴。
英译中散文另一种快乐
A light drizzle was falling as my sister Jill and I ran out of the Methodist Church, eager to get home and play with the presents that Santa had left for us and our baby sister, Sharon. Across the street from the church was a Pan American gas station where the Greyhound bus stopped. It was closed for Christmas, but I noticed a family standing outside the locked door, huddled under the narrow overhang in an attempt to keep dry. I wondered briefly why they were there but then forgot about them as I raced to keep up with Jill.
Once we got home, there was barely time to enjoy our presents. We had to go off to our grandparents' house for our annual Christmas dinner. As we drove down the highway through town, I noticed that the family was still there, standing outside the closed gas station.
My father was driving very slowly down the highway. The closer we got to the turnoff for my grandparents' house, the slower the car went. Suddenly, my father U-turned in the middle of the road and said, "I can't stand it!"
"What?" asked my mother.
"It's those people back there at the Pan Am, standing in the rain. They've got children. It's Christmas. I can't stand it."
When my father pulled into the service station, I saw that there were five of them: the parents and three children - two girls and a small boy.
My father rolled down his window. "Merry Christmas," he said.
"Howdy," the man replied. He was very tall and had to stoop slightly to peer into the car. Jill, Sharon, and I stared at the children, and they stared back at us.
"You waiting on the bus?" my father asked.
The man said that they were. They were going to Birmingham, where he had a brother and prospects of a job.
"Well, that bus isn't going to come along for several hours, and you're getting wet standing here. Winborn's just a couple miles up the road. They've got a shed with a cover there, and some benches," my father said. "Why don't y'all get in the car and I'll run you up there."
The man thought about it for a moment, and then he beckoned to his family. They climbed into the car. They had no luggage, only the clothes they were wearing.
Once they settled in, my father looked back over his shoulder and asked the children if Santa had found them yet. Three glum faces mutely gave him his answer.
"Well, I didn't think so," my father said, winking at my mother, "because when I saw Santa this morning, he told me that he was having trouble finding all, and he asked me if he could leave your toys at my house. We'll just go get them before I take you to the bus stop."
All at once, the three children's faces lit up, and they began to bounce around in the back seat, laughing and chattering.
When we got out of the car at our house, the three children ran through the front door and straight to the toys that were spread out under our Christmas tree. One of the girls spied Jill's doll and immediately hugged it to her breast. I remember that the little boy grabbed Sharon's ball. And the other girl picked up something of mine. All this happened a long time ago, but the memory of it remains clear. That was the Christmas when my sisters and I learned the joy of making others happy.
My mother noticed that the middle child was wearing a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl Jill's only sweater to wear.
My father invited them to join us at our grandparents' for Christmas dinner, but the parents refused. Even when we all tried to talk them into coming, they were firm in their decision.
Back in the car, on the way to Winborn, my father asked the man if he had money for bus fare.
His brother had sent tickets, the man said.
My father reached into his pocket and pulled out two dollars, which was all he had left until his next payday. He pressed the money into the man's hand. The man tried to give it back, but my father insisted. "It'll be late when you get to Birmingham, and these children will be hungry before then. Take it. I've been broke before, and I know what it's like when you can't feed your family."
We left them there at the bus stop in Winborn. As we drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at the little gihugging her new doll.
天上下着毛毛细雨，我和姐姐吉尔跑出卫理公会教堂，满心只想着快点回到家玩圣诞老人给我们和小妹妹莎伦准备的礼物玩具。教堂的对面是泛美油站，灰狗长途汽车会在那里中途停站。因为是 圣诞节 ，那天油站没开，不过我发现在紧锁的站门外站着一家人，他们挤在狭小的檐篷下，想尽量不被雨淋湿。我闪过一个疑问，他们为什么站在那里呢?但在我赶上吉尔的时候也就把这个疑团抛诸脑后了。
回到家后其实根本没时间让我们尽情把玩礼物，因为我们马上又得去爷爷奶奶家共进一年一度的圣诞大餐。在开车经过刚才那条大路时，我看到那一家人仍然站在紧闭的油站门外。
在那主干道上爸爸的车开得很慢。越接近去爷爷奶奶家的分岔路口，车子就越慢。突然，爸爸在半路中途来了个180度转弯，把车子原路驶回，他说："我实在不忍心!
"什么?"妈妈问他。
"那几个在雨中站在泛美油站外的人。他们还带着小孩呢。圣诞节当前，我真的不忍心啊。"
爸爸把车开到油站旁停下，我看见那一家总共有5个人：父母俩和三个孩子--两个女孩跟一个小男孩。
爸爸摇下车窗对他们说："圣诞快乐!"
"你好，"那个男人回了一句。他长得很高，要稍微弯下腰来往我们车里瞧。我和吉尔、莎伦盯着那几个小孩，他们也瞪眼看着我们。
"你们在等汽车吗?"爸爸问他们。
男人回答说是，他们准备去伯明翰，他有个哥哥在那边，而且期望能谋到一份工作。
"汽车起码要好几个小时后才到这里，站在这儿等车你们都会淋湿的。往前几英里就是温邦站，那儿有个棚屋，有地方避雨，还有些板凳。不如上车我送你们到那里吧。"
男人想了一下然后示意他家人过来。他们钻进车里，除了身上穿着的衣服，他们没有任何行李。
等他们坐好了，爸爸转过头来问那几个孩子，圣诞老人找到他们没有。三张忧郁的脸无声地回答了他。
"我看不是吧，"爸爸边说边向妈妈眨眼暗示，"早上我碰到圣诞老人了，他说找不到你们，想把给你们的礼物暂时放到我们家里来。现在咱们就去拿礼物吧，待会儿我再送你们去车站。
三个孩子的脸顿时阴霾尽散，还在后排座位蹦蹦跳跳，笑笑嚷嚷起来。
到了我家一下车，那三个孩子穿过大门就直奔摆在圣诞树下的礼物。其中一个小女孩发现了吉尔的洋娃娃礼物，马上把它抱入怀中。我记得那小男孩抓走了莎伦的小球，而另外一个女孩就挑走了一件我的东西。这些都是很久很久以前的事了，然而回忆起来还是那么清晰，因为在那个圣诞日我和我的姐妹领会到了让别人快乐而获得的愉悦。
妈妈看到他们家老二穿着的裙子是短袖的，便把吉尔仅有的毛衣给了她穿。
爸爸邀请他们一起去爷爷奶奶家吃圣诞大餐，但他们两夫妇拒绝了。就算怎么游说，他们还是坚拒了我们的好意。
回到车里在去温邦的路上爸爸问那男人有没有钱买车票。
他说哥哥寄了车票来。
爸爸从口袋里掏出仅有的两美元，本来是我们要熬到下次发工资的，他却把这钱塞到了男人的手里。男人想把钱推回来，但爸爸硬要他收下。"等你们到伯明翰就已经很晚了，路上孩子们会饿的。收下吧，我以前也曾一贫如洗，让家人挨饿的滋味不好受，我知道的。"
把他们送到温邦的车站后，我们就开车离开了。我从车窗回望良久，凝望着那小女孩拥着她的新洋娃娃。 相关 文章 ：
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6. 长篇美文英语唯美文章带翻译
每天分享一篇中英双语阅读，对英语口语的练习很有帮助Life Is Like a Coffee 生活是杯咖啡A group of alumni, highly established in their careers, got together to visit their old university professor. The conversation soon turned into complaints about stress in work and in life. Offering his guests coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and returned with a large pot of coffee and an assortment of cups -- porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some plain-looking, some expensive, some exquisite -- telling them to help themselves to the coffee.一群毕业生，各自在事业上都已有所建树，相约一起去看望他们年老的大学教授。谈话一会儿就变成了各自对工作和生活压力的抱怨。在用咖啡招待这些客人时，教授去厨房端来一大壶咖啡，并拿出各式各样的咖啡杯——陶瓷的、塑料的、玻璃的、水晶的，有看上去普通的、有价值不菲的、有做工精细的——让他们自己倒咖啡喝。 When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said: 当所有学生手中都端了一杯咖啡后，教授发话了 ： If you noticed, all the nice-looking expensive cups were taken up, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones. While it is normal for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the source of your problems and stress.“如果你们注意一下，就会发现所有好看的昂贵的杯子都被挑走了，剩下的只是那些普通的和便宜的。当然，每个人都只想拥有最好的，这很正常，但这也正是你们的问题和压力的根源所在。” What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you consciously went for the best cups and were eyeing each other's cups. “其实你们真正想要的是咖啡，而不是杯子，但你们却又都下意识去挑选最好的杯子，并观察别人拿到的杯子。”Now consider this: Life is the coffee and the jobs, money and position in society are the cups. They are just tools to hold and contain life, and do not change the quality of life. Sometimes, by concentrating only on the cup, we fail to enjoy the coffee God has provided. So, don't let the cups drive you ... enjoy the coffee instead. “现在设想一下：如果生活是杯中的咖啡，工作、财富和社会地位就是那些杯子。它们只是维持生活的工具而已，并不改变生活质量。有时候，我们在过于关注杯子的同时却忘了去品 味上帝赐予的咖啡。所以，不要成为杯子的奴隶…好好品味杯中的咖啡。”从今天开始，和我一起坚持吧，留言打卡 （部分素材来源于网络，侵删）
对于大部分的中国学生来说,由于语言环境的缺乏,阅读是他们接触英语的主要途径。因此,在英语教学中,培养学生的阅读技能以提高其自主阅读的能力极其重要。本文是优美的中英双语短文，希望对大家有帮助! 优美的中英双语短文：打字代替写字?Typing Replaces Writing? As the development of high technology, the function of high-tech products improves greatly. People can type the text through the cellphone and they can write down whatever they want with computer. It seems that typing the information is so fast and convenient, so most young people don’t pay attention to write the words by their hands. When they learn to write the Chinese, their hand-writing is really bad. Though computer is popular, we need to practice our hand-writing. The one who writes the good words will impress the other person. As the saying that writing is the reflection of a person’s character, so we should not abandon our tradition. 随着高科技的发展，高科技产品的功能发展得很快。人们能通过电话来输入信息，通过电脑，他们能写下一切。似乎输入信息是如此的方便和快速，因此大部分人不关注用手写字。当他们学习些中文字的时候，手写是如此的糟糕。虽然电脑很流行，但是我们需要练习手写。写得一手好字的人能给别人留下好印象。就像有句话说书写就是一个人性格的体现，因此我们不应该丢掉我们的传统。 优美的中英双语短文：读书的好处The Good Sides Of Reading People have to spend so many years to go to school before they can be independent and earn money. We are told that reading books is good for us, but the fact is that we may find many bosses go to work in the early age and they don’t read many books. In fact, reading books doesn’t mean the person can make a lot of money, but reading books can broaden a person vision. Books provide us all kinds of knowledge, we can see the different sceneries, reading the books is like traveling to different places. What’s more, we can considerate things in different viewpoints. When we face difficulties, we will treat them in the peaceful way, we won’t lose our way, because we believe things will change one day, we have hope in our hearts. Reading books makes us have a good attitude towards life. 人们在独立并且挣钱前要花费很多年时间来上学。我们被告知读书对于我们是有好处的，但是事实上，我们可以发现很多老板早早就出来工作，没有读很多书。实际上，读书并不意味着人们可以挣很多钱，但是读书可以开阔一个人的视野。书本给我们提供了各种各样的知识，我们能够看到不同的风景，读书就好比去不同的地方旅游。而且，我们可以从不同的视角看东西。当我们面对困难的时候，能够平静面对困难，不会迷失方向，因为我们相信事情总会好转，心中满怀希望。读书让我们乐观面对生活。 优美的中英双语短文：付出与收获The Pay and The Gain Many years ago, the news that an Australian travel institution recruited a worker to guard an island, the worker could not only enjoy the sunshine and the beach, but also could get the very high pay in half a year. People were crazy about the job, they wanted to be the worker. Two years passed, people saw the news about the recruit, it was said that the lucky guy became the guider of the island, but he was not that happy, because he was alone in the island, which suffered him. The high pay job always has the reason, as the saying that no pain, no gain, the high salary comes from hard work. Just like our study, if we want to do well, we must have to study hard. The pay brings the gain, it is very fair. 很多年前，有则新闻报道澳大利亚一个旅游局招聘一名员工来守护一个小岛，这名员工不仅能享受到阳光和沙滩，也能在半年后拿到很高的酬劳。人们为这份工作感到疯狂，他们想要成为这名员工。两年过去了，人们看到了关于那次招聘的新闻，据说，有位幸运的人成为了小岛的护卫，但是他并不是那么的开心，因为他独自在岛上，这让他烦恼。高酬劳的工作总是有原因的，正如有句话说没有付出就没有收获，高酬劳来自辛勤的工作。就如我们的学习，如果我们想要做得好，就必须努力学习。付出才能带来收获，这是很公平的。 优美的中英双语短文：家乡的清晨Morning In My Hometown My hometown is a beautiful place, it is in the countryside, because it is far away from the city, so the environment is very natural. The water is very clean, I can even see the fish and the mountain has many green trees. But I like the morning best, because the air is very fresh and there are voices from nature. The frogs and other animals always are calling in the morning, I like listening to their voices, they sound like the songs for me. What’s more, the fog makes the country look like the wonderland, I will never know who will come to me until it is close to me, I like this mysterious feeling. 我的家乡是个美丽的地方，它在乡村，由于它远离城市，因此那里的环境很自然。水很清澈，我几乎能看到鱼，山上有很多绿油油的树。但是我最喜欢早上的时候，因为空气很清新，还有很多来自大自然的声音。青蛙和 其它 动物总是在早上叫，我喜欢听到他们的声音，听起来像在为我歌唱。而且，雾气让整个乡村看起来像仙境一样，我永远都不知道谁向我走来直到它走进我，我喜欢这样神秘的感觉。
《自私的巨人》是英国唯美主义作家奥斯卡·王尔德创作的童话作品，讲述了自私的巨人从自私变得慷慨，最终在上帝的指引下走入了天堂故事温馨感人。
The Selfish Giant
自私的巨人
Every afternoon, as they were coming from school, the children used to go and play in the Giant's garden.
每天下午，孩子们放学回来，总会去巨人的花园里玩耍。
It was a large lovely garden, with soft green grass. Here and there over the grass stood beautiful flowers like stars, and there were twelve peach-trees that in the spring-time broke out into delicate blossoms of pink and pearl, and in the autumn bore rich fruit. The birds sat on the trees and sang so sweetly that the children used to stop their games in order to listen to them. "How happy we are here!" they cried to each other.
这是一个可爱的大花园，长满了柔嫩的青草。草丛间到处盛开着美丽的鲜花，如繁星点点。花园里还有十二棵桃树，每到春天，粉红色和珍珠色的花朵姣美诱人，到了秋天树上果实累累。鸟儿栖息在枝头动听地唱着，孩子们都禁不住停止游戏，细心聆听。“我们在这儿多么快乐!”他们互相欢叫。
One day the Giant came back. 1-1e had been to visit his friend the Cornish ogre, and had stayed with him for seven years. After the seven years were over he had said all that he had to say, for his conversation was limited, and he determined to return to his own he arrived he saw the children playing in the garden.
有一天巨人回来了。他去拜访康沃尔的怪物朋友，和他一起住了七年。七年结束了，巨人说完了想说的话，因为他的话总有个尽头，他决定回到自己的城堡。当他到家的时候，看见孩子们正在花园里玩耍。
"What are you doing here?" he cried in a very gruff voice, and the children ran away.
“你们在这儿做什么‘!”他非常粗暴地喊道，孩子们跑开了。
"My own garden is my own garden," said the Giant; "any one can understand that, and I will allow nobody to play in it but myself." So he built a high wall all round it, and put up a notice-board.
“我自己的花园就是我自己的，”巨人说道，“随便什么人都明白。除了我以外，我不允许任何人在花园里玩。”于是他在花园的四周砌起了高高的围墙，支起一块告示牌。
TRESPASSERS
越界者
WILL BE
将会
PROSECUTED
受到重惩
He was a very selfish Giant.
他是一个非常自私的巨人。
The poor children had now nowhere to play. They tried to play on the road, but the road was very dusty and full of hard stones, and they did not like it. They used to wander round the high wall when their lessons were over, and talk about the beautiful garden inside. "How happy we were there," they said to each other.
可怜的'孩子们没有玩的去处了。他们试着在公路上玩.但是公路上尘土飞扬，到处是坚硬的石子.他们并不喜欢那里。功课结束之后，他们常常在高高的城墙外徘徊，互相谈论着墙内漂亮的花园。“我们从前在那里多么快乐呀!”他们互相说着。
Then the Spring came, and all over the country there were little blossoms and little birds. Only in the garden of the selfish Giant it was still winter. The birds did not care to sing in it as there were no children, and the trees forgot to blossom. Once a beautiful flower put its head out from the grass, but when it saw the notice-board it was so sorry for the children that it slipped back into the ground again, and went off to sleep. The only people who were pleased were the Snow and the Frost. "Spring has forgotten this garden," they cried, "so we will live here all the year round." The Snow covered up the grass with her great white cloak, and the Frost painted all the trees silver. Then they invited the North Wind to stay with them, and he came. He was wrapped in furs, and he roared all day about the garden, and blew the chimney-pots down. "This is a delightful spot," he said, "we must ask the Hail on a visit." So the Hail came. Every day for three hours he rattled on the roof of the castle till he broke most of the slates, and then he ran round and round the garden as fast as he could was dressed in grey, and his breath was like ice.
春天到了，整个村庄到处盛开着小花，到处都有气小鸟欢唱。只有自私的巨人的花园里依然是冬天。鸟儿们不愿意去那儿歌唱，因为那里没有孩子们的踪迹，树木也忘了开花。一次，一朵美丽的花儿从草间伸出头来，可是当它看到告示牌的时候，它为孩子们感到难过，又把头缩回到地里，继续沉睡。唯一高兴的是白雪和霖降。“春天忘记了这座花园，”他们嚷道，“那么我们可以常年住在这里了。”雪用她厚重的白色外衣覆盖住草地，霜降给所有的树木刷上了银色的外衣。之后他们还邀请北风来和他们同住，北风来了。他裹在毛皮里，整日在花园里呼啸，还吹掉了烟囱管帽。“这是一个让人愉悦的地方，”他说，‘我们一定要叫冰雹来做客。”于是冰雹也来了。每天他都要在城堡的屋顶连续不断地敲打三个小时，直到大部分瓦片被砸破为止，然后他又以最快的速度绕着花园奔跑。他穿着一身灰衣，气息如冰一般。
I cannot understand why the Spring is so late in coming," said the selfish Giant,as he sat at the window and looked out at his cold white garden; "I hope there will be a change in the weather."
“我不懂为什么春天迟迟不来，”自私的巨人说，他坐在窗边，看着寒冷的雪白的花园，“我希望天气会变好一些。”
But the Spring never came, nor the Summer. The Autumn gave golden fruit to every garden, but to the Giant's garden she gave none. "He is too selfish," she said. So it was always Winter there, and the North Wind, and the Hail, and the Frost, and the Snow danced about through the trees.
但是春天始终没来，夏天也没有降临。秋天给每座花园送去了金色的果实，却没有给巨人的花园送来什么。“他太自私了，”秋天这样说。所以，巨人的花园里总是严冬，北风、冰雹、霜冻和雪花纷纷在树木间舞蹈。
Half-way from rags to richesApr 24th 2008From The Economist print editionVietnam has made a remarkable recovery from war and penury, says Peter Collins (interviewed here). But can it change enough to join the rich world?EyevineCorrection to this articleKNEES and knuckles scraping the ground, the visitors struggle to keep up with the tour guide who is briskly leading the way through the labyrinth of claustrophobic burrows dug into the hard earth. The legendary Cu Chi tunnels, from which the Viet Cong launched waves of surprise attacks on the Americans during the Vietnam war, are now a popular tourist attraction (pictured above). Visitors from all over the world arrive daily at the site near the city that used to be called Saigon, renamed Ho Chi Minh City after the Communists took the south in the wreckage of an abandoned M41 tank another friendly guide demonstrates a dozen types of improvised booby-traps with sharp spikes that were set in and around the tunnels to maim pursuing American soldiers. The Vietnamese not only welcome the tourist dollars Cu Chi brings in, but are also rather proud of it. They feel it demonstrates their ingenuity, adaptability, perseverance and, above all, their determination to resist much stronger foreign invaders, as the country has done many times down the centuries. These days Vietnam also has plenty of other things to be proud of. In the 1980s Ho Chi Minh's successors as party leaders damaged the war-ravaged economy even more by attempting to introduce real communism, collectivising land ownership and repressing private business. This caused the country to slide to the brink of famine. The collapse soon afterwards of its cold-war sponsor, the Soviet Union, added to the country's deep isolation and cut off the flow of roubles that had kept its economy going. Neighbouring countries were inundated with desperate Vietnamese “boat people”. Since then the country has been transformed by almost two decades of rapid but equitable growth, in which Vietnam has flung open its doors to the outside world and liberalised its economy. Over the past decade annual growth has averaged . Young, prosperous and confident Vietnamese throng downtown Ho Chi Minh City's smart Dong Khoi street with its designer shops. The quality of life is high for a country that until recently was so poor, and its larger cities have retained some of their colonial charm, though choking traffic and constant construction work are beginning to take their toll. An agricultural miracle has turned a country of 85m once barely able to feed itself into one of the world's main providers of farm produce. Vietnam has also become a big exporter of clothes, shoes and furniture, soon to be joined by microchips when Intel opens its $1 billion factory outside Ho Chi Minh City. Imports of machinery are soaring. Exports plus imports equal 160% of GDP, making the economy one of the world's most open. All this has kept government revenues buoyant despite cuts in import tariffs. The recent introduction of company taxes is also helping to fill the government's coffers. Spending on public services has surged, yet public debt, at an acceptable 43% of GDP, has remained fairly stable. Having made peace with its former foes, Vietnam hosted Presidents Bush, Putin and Hu at the Asia-Pacific summit in 2006 and joined the World Trade Organisation in 2007. This year it has one of the rotating seats on the UN Security Council. Vietnam's Communists conceded economic defeat 22 years ago, in the depths of a crisis, and brought in market-based reforms called doi moi (renewal), similar to those Deng Xiaoping had introduced in China a few years earlier. As in China, it took time for the effects to show up, but over the past few years economic liberalisation has been fostering rapid, poverty-reducing World Bank's representative in Vietnam, Ajay Chhibber, calls Vietnam a “poster child” of the benefits of market-oriented reforms. Not only does it comply with the catechism of the “Washington Consensus”—free enterprise, free trade, sensible state finances and so on—but it also ticks all the boxes for the Millennium Development Goals, the UN's anti-poverty blueprint. The proportion of households with electricity has doubled since the early 1990s, to 94%. Almost all children now attend primary school and benefit from at least basic no longer really needs the multilateral organisations' aid. Multilateral and bilateral donors together have promised the country $ billion in loans and grants this year, but with so much foreign investment pouring in, Vietnam's currency reserves increased by almost double that figure last year. At least the aid donors have learned from the mid-1990s, when excessive praise discouraged Vietnam from continuing to reform, prompting an exodus of investors. Now the tone in private meetings with officials is much franker, says a diplomat who attends them. Vietnam has become the darling of foreign investors and multinationals. Firms that draw up a “China-plus-one” strategy for new factories in case things go awry in China itself often make Vietnam the plus-one. Wage costs remain well below those in southern China and productivity is growing faster, albeit from a lower base. When the UN Conference on Trade and Development asked multinationals where they planned to invest this year and next, Vietnam, at number six, was the only South-East Asian country in the top ten. The government's programme of selling stakes in publicly owned firms and exposing them to market discipline has recently gathered pace. At the same time the switch from a command economy to free competition has allowed the Vietnamese people's entrepreneurialism to flourish. Almost every household now seems to be running a micro-business on the side, and a slew of ambitious larger firms is coming to the stockmarket. Much of the praise now being showered anew on the country is deserved. The government is well on course for its target of turning Vietnam into a middle-income country by 2010. Its longer-term aim, of becoming a modern industrial nation by 2020, does not seem unrealistic. But from now on the going may get tougher. As Mr Chhibber notes, few countries escape the “middle-income trap” as they become richer. They tend to lose their reformist zeal and see their growth fizzle. A study in 2006 by the Vietnamese Academy of Social Sciences concluded that further reductions in poverty will require higher growth rates than in the past because the remaining poor are well below the poverty line, whereas many of those who recently crossed it did not have far to stench of corruptionThe Communist Party leadership openly admits that the Vietnamese public is fed up with the endemic corruption at all levels of public life, from lowly traffic policemen and clerks to the most senior people in ministries. In 2006, just before the party's five-yearly congress, the transport minister resigned and several officials were arrested over a scandal in which millions of dollars of foreign aid were gambled on the outcome of football matches. The leadership insists it is doing its best to clean up, but a lot remains to be as bad as the corruption is the glacial speed of legislative and bureaucratic processes. Proposed laws have to pass through all sorts of hoops before taking effect, with endless rounds of consultations to build consensus. The dividing line between the Communist Party, the government and the courts is not always clear. The justice system is rudimentary. Lawyers have no formal access to past case files, so they find it hard to use precedent in legal government is part-way through a huge project to slim the bureaucracy and streamline official procedures. It recently cut the number of ministries from 28 to 22. Yet for the moment the bureaucratic logjam is stopping the country building the roads, power stations and other public works it needs to maintain its growth rate. Nguyen Tan Dung, the prime minister, says that if growth is to continue at its current rate, the country's electricity-generating capacity needs to double by 2010. That seems a tall order, to put it mildly. Soaring car-ownership is leaving the country's underdeveloped roads increasingly gridlocked. In an admirably liberal attempt to limit price distortions as oil surged above $100 a barrel, the government slashed fuel subsidies in February. But one effect will be to stoke inflation, already worryingly high at in March. Bank lending surged by 38% last year as firms and individuals borrowed to speculate on shares and government is finding it much harder to manage an economy made up of myriad private companies, banks and investors than to issue instructions to a limited number of state institutions, especially as the public sector is currently suffering a drain of talent to private firms that are able to offer much higher pay. What could go wrongAll this leaves Vietnam's continued economic development exposed to a number of risks: • Rising inflation—which is hurting low earners in particular—and a growing shortage of affordable housing could create a new urban underclass among unskilled workers who have left the land for the cities. Combined with rising resentment at official corruption and the increasing visibility of Vietnam's new rich, this could cause social friction and bring strikes and protests, chipping away at the political stability that has underpinned Vietnam's strong growth and investment.• Trade liberalisation and increased domestic competition will benefit some firms and farmers but hurt others—especially inefficient state enterprises. These could join forces and press the government to halt or even reverse the reforms.• The slumping stockmarket or perhaps a property crash could cause a big firm or bank to fail. Given the country's weak and untested bankruptcy laws and financial regulators, the authorities may find it hard to deal with that kind of calamity.• Natural disasters, from bird flu to floods, could cause chaos.• The economy could come up against the limits of its creaking infrastructure and the shortage of people with higher skills. Jammed roads, power blackouts and the inability to fill managerial and professional jobs could all bring Vietnam's growth rate crashing has set itself such demanding standards that even if some combination of these factors did no more than push annual growth below 5%, it would be seen as a serious setback. The foreign minister, Pham Gia Khiem, notes that Vietnam's current growth of around 8-9% is lower than that in Asia's richest economies at the same stage in their development. Despite the risks ahead, Vietnam has already provided the world with an admirable model for overcoming war, division, penury and isolation and growing strongly but equitably to reach middle-income status. This model could be followed by many impoverished African states or, closer to home, perhaps by North Korea. If it can be combined with gradual political liberalisation, it might even offer something for China to think about.
经济学人：加拿大的住宅市场Finance and Economics; 财经；Canada's housing market; 加拿大的住宅市场；Time for a bigger needle; 该出手时就出手；The latest attempt to prick a bubble;戳破泡沫的最新举措；经济学人：Canada's reputation for financial regulation is starry. Its banksgot through the crisis unscathed. According to Moody's, a ratings agency, Royal Bank of Canadasits alongside HSBC and JPMorgan Chase in the top tier of global banks. And Canadianpolicymakers are old hands at pulling “macroprudential” levers of the sort now in vogue amongrich-world central banks.加拿大的金融监管一向广受赞誉。它的银行业在这场危机中做到了独善其身。根据评级机构穆迪的报告，加拿大皇家银行与汇丰银行以及摩根大通同列，跻身全球银行界的第一梯队。同时，加拿大的政策制定者也是运用宏观审慎政策的老手，这一政策如今也常被其他富国的央行使用。But questions still nag. Some say that Canada's banks are flattered by a huge indemnity offeredby Canada Mortgage and Housing Corp (CMHC), a public institution that insures mortgages witha loan-to-value ratio of more than 80%. CHMC's book grew to 567 billion Canadian Dollar(557 billion Dollar) in 2011, up from 345 billion Canadian Dollar four years earlier. And Canada'shousing market looks very frothy on some measures: The Economist's analysis of price-to-rentratios suggests that Canadian properties were about 75% above their long-run “fair value” in thefirst quarter of 2012 (see chart). Although less than of CHMC's mortgages are in arrears, such exuberance is a worry. The central bank recently labelled housing as “the most importantdomestic risk to financial stability in Canada”.但是，仍有问题缠身。部分人士认为，加拿大的银行被加拿大抵押和住房公司（CMHC）提供的巨额补偿金美化了，CMHC是一家为贷款估值比率超过80%的抵押贷款提供保险的公共机构。在2011年，CHMC的抵押贷款额从四年前的3450亿增长到了5670亿加元（合5570亿美元）。并且，从一些指标来看，加拿大的房地产充斥着泡沫：《经济学人》以房价租金比所做的分析显示，在2012年第一季度，加拿大的物业价格高出它们的长期公允价值75%。纵然仅有低于的CHMC抵押贷款存在拖欠的情况，但这样的繁荣仍让人忧虑。最近，央行也冠以楼市 “危及加拿大金融稳定性的最大国内隐患”。Repeated efforts by policymakers to take the heat out of housing have not had a noticeableeffect. So on June 21st Jim Flaherty, the finance minister, had another go, his fourth in fouryears. Some of the new measures were cosmetic. Buyers of homes worth more than 1m Dollarhave been able to get mortgage-default insurance from CMHC with a downpayment of only 5%. In practice, it is hard to find buyers in this bracket who do not have lots of equity in their homes. But after July 9th mortgages for homes of this value will not be eligible for CMHC coverage.政策制定者们给楼市降温的不断尝试并无明显成效。于是，在6月21日，加拿大财长吉姆·费拉逖，在四年来第四次出台了一些新举措。新措施中的一些不过是表面功夫。价值过百万美元住宅的买主能得到由CMHC担保的债务违约保险以及首付仅付5%的优惠待遇。而事实上，很少有这类购房者在购房时不以大量自有资金支付价款的。不过，在6月9日之后，这类住宅将不再适用于CMHC的保险范围。Other measures have more teeth. The maximum amortisation period for a mortgage will now be25 years, down from 30. That should hurt demand: last year about 40% of new mortgages werefor terms longer than that. Refinancing a home will be allowed only up to 80% of its value, downfrom 85%. Homebuyers will have to demonstrate their housing costs are no more than 39% oftheir gross household income. On top of Mr Flaherty's measures, the Office of theSuperintendent of Financial Institutions, Canada's banking regulator, slapped a loan-to-value limitof 65% on borrowing against home equity.其他那些则更为有力。抵押贷款最长还贷期限如今将从30年降低至25年。这势必将减少需求：去年约有40%的新贷款的期限是超过25年的。允许的房屋再融资的上限从房屋价值的85%降至只有80%。购房者还须证明他们的住房支出不超过家庭总收入的39%。费拉逖的举措中，紧随其后的是，加拿大的银行监管部门，联邦金融机构监督办公室，将贷款和自有资金间的贷款估值比率的限制猛降至65%。Craig Alexander, the chief economist for TD Financial Group, estimates all this will be theequivalent of about a 1% rise in mortgage rates for most homebuyers. He believes that willproduce a slow unwinding of the housing market. If he is right, and Mr Flaherty's variousinterventions avoid the collateral damage that would be caused by an actual interest-rate rise, Canada's admirers will have another thing to swoon over.多伦多道明银行金融集团首席经济学家，克雷格·亚历山大估计，所有这些措施对于购房者而言将等同于抵押贷款利率上升1%。他认为这将促使房产市场缓慢回归。如果他的观点正确，并且费拉逖的各种干预手段能够避免可能引发实际利率上升的附带伤害，那么如此一来，加拿大的崇拜者们又将有一个可以津津乐道的话题了。
next and the joy of the game of livin
一, 与市场,运营情况有关的形容词小结形容市场活跃, 繁荣1 dynamic 有活力的,有生机的2 prosperous 繁荣的3 brisk 兴隆的4 volatile 不稳定的, 活跃浮动的形容市场萧条,不景气5 bleak 惨淡凄凉的6 declining 下滑的,衰退的7 slump 委靡的8 sluggish 不景气,萧条的9 stagnant 停滞不前的, 萧条的二, 关于是“商品”的小结10 merchandise 商品(集合名词)(单数)11 goods 货物(复)12 commodity 商品, 期货futures 13 product 产品 14 produce 农产品 15 freight 运输的货物 ; 运费 16 cargo (船,飞机) 装载的货物 三, 和会议,集会有关的词小结17 convoke 召集18 rally 集合 19 gathering 聚会 20 function 集会，仪式event, happeningOur sports day is the most important function of the year.运动会那一天是我们一年里最盛大的活动。21 adjourn 延会,休会22 confer 商谈四, 常见犯罪小结23 mug 抢劫,(从背后袭击)24 steal 偷 25 loot 抢夺26 pickpocket 扒手27 burglary 夜盗28 smuggle 走私五, 常见支付方式小结29 by cash 现金 30 by check 支票31 by credit card 信用卡32 by money order 汇票33 by installment 分期伏款34 by mail 邮寄六, 关于性格的描述小节35 outgoing 外向活泼36 sociable 善于交际37 adaptable 适应性强38 ambitious 有野心39 hard-working 工作努力40 energetic 有活力41 enterprising 富于进取,有创业精神42 honest 诚实43 reserved 保守,稳重44 responsible 负责 45 optimistic 乐观46 independent 独立 七, 名词1 inflation 通货膨胀2 deflation 通货紧缩3 feasibility 可行性4 overhaul 彻底检查 5 custom 海关6 bruise 擦伤7 indices 是index的复数 注意读音是 / / (听力) 8 commotion 暴动,骚乱9 interest rate 利率10 disposition (1)性情气质 (2) 处理11 carat, karat 克拉12 hallmark 品质证明, 纯正之证明13 asylum 收容所, 养老院 14 orphanage 孤儿院15 morale 士气,人心16 pennant 锦旗17 vicinity 附近, 短语是 in the ~ of 18 interrogation 询问,审讯 短语是 put sb under ~19 intersection 交点20 intermission 休息时间 21 physician 内科医生22 surgeon 外科医生, 军医,船医23 breadwinner 养家糊口的人24 recipe 食谱,方法25 tender 招标,a public ~, ask for tender26 syllabus 课程纲要27 Spaniard 西班牙人28 dispassion 冷静客观29 levity 轻率30 expulsion 开除,除籍31 defamation 诽谤32 payroll 薪水册,工资表33 contraction 收缩 34 renewal 更新35 deduction 扣除(额)36 escalator 电动扶梯37 elevator 电梯,升降梯(美)38 lift 电梯(英)39 emblem 象征标志 同logo symbol 40 dereliction 玩忽职守 ~ of duty41 milk shake 奶昔42 endorsement 背书保证,找明星代言43 approbation 批准许可44 probation 试用 trial 45 deference 顺从尊重46 minor infraction 轻微违法major violation 重大47 vacate 疏散 evacuation 48 anarchy 无政府49 collusion 共谋,勾结50 downturn 下滑take a sudden downturn 51 spa 温泉52 freelance writer 自由撰稿人53 articles 用品,商品54 management 资方 union 工会55 turnover 运转,周转56 turnout (集会)出席者a large turnout 57 annuity 养老金 pension 58 extension 分机59 innovation 革新翻新, renovation装修60 dosage 剂量61 rash 疹子62 clientele 顾客,老主顾63 leave 请假 He is often absent without leave 64 partition 隔间,区分65 junk 垃圾 punk 朋克 66 menopause 更年期 67 razor 剃刀68 crop strains 作物品种 69 headphone 耳机earphone70 automated teller machine 自动提款机ATM71 civilians 听力中注意与surveillance区分72 subsidiary 子公司 73 strip mining 露天采矿74 national (某国的)国民 we employ various nationals at our local companies. 75 mortgage 抵押76 compartment 隔间 Ask the flight attendant if we can put our things in that compartment 77 helping (食物的)一分I had a second helping 78 subcontractor 转包商79 speculation 投机 ~ in real estate80 avocation 副业81 kickback 回扣82 spectator 观众 audience 听众 83 stroller (1)四轮婴儿车 (2)漫步者84 seniority 年长,资深 ~ has priority 85 toner 调色剂86 luncheon 正式午餐，下午餐会87 fa�0�4ade 建筑物正面（法）88 decoy 欺，引诱 envoy 使者，代表 alloy 合金 convoy 护送陪伴 89 interface 交互界面 (desktop 桌面) desktop video conference 桌面视频会议90 boutiques 小店精品店 banquet宴会 bouquet 花束 91 casino 俱乐部，游乐场92 complex 整套设施 (an office complex) Oedipus complex93 commencement ceremony授学位典礼 inception开始 induction 入伍94 modem 调制解调器95 fraud 96 magnate 工业巨头97 gourmet 美食家98 ordinance 法令99 cursor 光标100 liaison 交流合作 101 portfolio 公文包，文件夹 102 corrosives 易腐蚀品103 corporation 企业， (听力中注意和cooperation区分)104 minute 会议录105 recreation 娱乐，休闲 =relaxation 八, 动词1 strand 使搁浅，陷入困境2 relate 叙述3 facilitate 使便利4 excel 优出胜出 ~ in 名词 excellence 5 exceed 超过6 remit 汇款，宽恕7 highlight 强调8 inoculate 接种9 vaccinate 接种疫苗10 remedy 补救11 undermine 诋毁 12 reverse 颠倒 ~ the verdict 判决13 slam 使劲关 ~ dunk14 equip 配备15 capsize 倾覆（船）16 simmer 炖，煨17 retrench 减少，节约18 discredit 使失去权威性，破坏名誉的19 curb 阻止，控制 ~ the use of marijuana 20 process 加工21intercept 中途拦截 22 segregate 隔离，分开分离23 quarantine 隔离检疫24 seclude 隔绝，隐退，隐秘25 appeal 呼吁，恳求，上诉26 lift 解除，提起精神27 rescind 废止，取消28 audit 查帐29 condemn 非难，判罪30 condone 宽恕，容忍31 deviate 偏离，跑题 ~ from 32 disabuse 解惑，矫正 33 disavow 否认34 transfuse 输血35 mingle 交往，混合36 forfeit 没收 confiscate 37 staple 用订书器钉 ADJ 主要的重要的38 deregulate 解除对---的管制39 block 阻挡N 楼40 launch 推出新产品，实施 (an investigation into the scandal) 41 house V. 为---提供住房42 expel 开除，驱除43 reimburse 报销，伏款 = refund44 observe 遵守 ~ the smoking rule45 syndicate （在报刊，杂志联盟）多家报刊上同时发表 46 commute 通勤47 rotate 旋转，循环48 implement 实行49 liquidate 清算，清偿债务50 accrue 增长，自然增殖九, 形容词1 fragile 易碎的2 latter 后者3 latest 最新的 4 later 过一会，过后5 eligible 合格的 illegible 难懂的 6 edible 可食用的 audible 可听到的 7 duplicate 副本的，复制的8 potamic 河川的 9 faulty 有错误的 ~ transformer 变压器 10 supersonic 超音速的11 foremost 首要的 12 affluent 富足的13 explicit 明晰的 14 implicit 暗含的15 hustle-bustle 熙来攘往16 obese 肥胖的17 manifold 各样的，多种18 imprudent 轻率的19 effete 疲惫枯竭 20 ebullient 沸腾的，热情洋溢的21 enervated 无力的衰弱的22 spacious 宽敞的23 selective 精挑细选的24 precocious 早熟的，过早的 25 remiss 疏忽的26 facile 容易的，流畅的27 intangible 无形的28 illicit 不合法的 = illegal 29 diagonal 对角线的 30 methodically 有条不紊的31definitive 限定的，决定的32 plausible 似合理的33 propitious 吉祥的，有利的34 auspicious 吉祥的35 intelligible 可识别的36 inflammable 易燃的37 nonflammable 不易燃的38 quality 质量好的 ~~ product/items/materials 39 state-of-the-art 最新水平40 illegitimate 不合法的，私生的41 tailored 定制的 ~ devise programs to our needs 42 custom-made = tailor-made 特制的43mandatory 强制性的44 provisional—temporary 暂时的，临时的45luxurious 奢侈的46 bear market ”熊市”，也称空头市场，指行情普遍看淡。延续时间相对较长的大跌。47 bull market ”牛市”，也称多头市场，指市场行情普遍看涨，延续时间较长的大升。48 clean 的其他说法： 卫生的hygienic（名词hygiene）干净的 sanitary49 tricky 棘手的，复杂的（工作） 50 languishing 衰弱下去的十 词组1 a handful of people 少数的人2 adjacent to 与---临近3 put on airs 摆架子4 discharge from hospital 出院5 halt buses and subway all day 使公车地铁一天停止6 graphic design 平面设计7 3D design 三维设计8 medical insurance coverage 保险项目，范围9 default rate 拖欠债务率10 full professor 正教授11 potent antibiotics 强效抗生素12 make a rule of doing something 形成---习惯13 chanber of commerce 商会 14 leteter of credit (L/C) 信用证（支付方式的一种）15 stock dividend 股息16 devaluation of the currency 货币贬值17 sprain one’s ankle 扭伤脚踝18 holistic medicine 整体医学19insurance premium 保险费用20 his Hair receding from his fore head 从前额掉头发21 express train 快车 limited train 特快车22 probation/trial period 试用期23 take a hard line with 强权策略 24 tread mission 贸易代表团25 long term objective 长期目标26 the audit department 审纪部27 International Herald Tribune 国际先驱论坛28 top copy 复印原件29 take steps to do 着手落实Many countries have taken steps to improve airport security。 30 pertaining to 适合，合宜，关于 31 a panorama of 齐全，品种繁多 32 24 hours a day = 7 days a week 24小时营业，无休息33 dog days 三伏34 column writer 栏目作者35 staff appraisal 员工评估36 at one’s fingertips 在手头，目前37 lodge and accommodation 膳宿38 fringe benefit 福利，补贴 39 go into liquidation 倒闭40 lag behind 落后 41 phase something out 逐步废止42 write—offs 破旧的无从修理43 abide strictly by 严格恪守44 clearance sale 清仓大处理45 have/take title to 有---特权46 staff attendant 员工出勤情况47 down payment 定金，分期付款的首次款 48 know-how 专项技能，窍门49 cross-reference 互相参照50 labor-intensive industry 劳动密集型行业 一篇中国09年经济展望的论文：Chinese economic outlook for 2009From my point of view, generally speaking, china would forced to face many challenges in 2009 due to the undertaking recession issues, but in the global economic world, it would still be expected to act as one of the first countries to get recovered from the recession. There are five major issues regards to Chinese economic condition in 2009. First, China will be challenged by the influence from international economic crisis. Secondly, due to the combination impact from the home and abroad, the macroeconomic regulation in China would become more complicated; in another word, it may result in a repeating domestic inflation and deflation. Thirdly, the above situations might have side-effects on Chinese stock market and real estate market; further, the small and medium companies might face serious liquidation issues. In Addition, there is a great possibility of a dramatic decline on the employment rate. Last but not least, it would become tremendous difficulty for government to maintain a balanced financial status and also inject further confidence into Chinese economic. To sum up, from the above analysis, it is clear that the economic situation in China for 2009 is not in positive. However, with more focus on Chinese domestic market and increasing living allowances of our lower-income groups, it is possible to achieve a stabilized economic and social position even in such a serious condition.
英文论文格式要求及字体大小
论文既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段，又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。下面是我帮大家整理的英文论文格式要求及字体大小，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
一、论文的题目要求
1、论文题目以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合，并有助于选定关键词和编制目录
2、论文题目不能用缩略词、首字母缩略词、字符、代号和公式等
3、论文题目一般不超过20个字
4、论文题目语义未尽可用副标题补充说明
二、论文摘要的要求
应具有独立性和自含性，是一篇完整的短文，它说明论文的主要思想、结构框架，或研究工作的目的、实验方法、结果和最终结论
三、论文的关键词
每篇论文必须选中3--5个中、英文关键词，以显著的'字符另起一行，排在其对应摘要的左下方，中文关键词尽可能用《汉语主题词表》等词表提到的规范词
四、论文的字体及字号格式
1、英文统一使用Microsoft Word软件中的Times New Roman字体，所用中文使用“宋体”字体
2、内封大标题使用“粗体三号字”，内封其他信息使用“粗体四号字”
3、正文大标题使用“粗体小三号字”，章节标题使用“粗体四号字”
4、正文使用字体为 Times New Roma，大小为12 font（也就是小四）“小四号字”，正文中成段的引文使用“五号字”
5、行距 为 或 2倍 行距，段与段之间需要空一行
6、对齐方式为左对齐 或者 两侧对齐（总之，左起必须顶格）
7、Reference（参考文献）必须另起一页，且不计入文章字数
英文论文标准的格式:
1、论文题目：（下附署名）要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。
2、目录
目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）
3、内容提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。
4、关键词或主题词
关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作计算机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。
每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在提要的左下方。
主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题分析，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。（参见《汉语主题词表》和《世界汉语主题词表》）。
5、论文正文：
（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。
(2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：
a.提出问题-论点；
b.分析问题-论据和论证；
c.解决问题-论证方法与步骤；
d.结论。
6、参考文献
英文论文的格式如下：
一共就六大点：标题、提纲、摘要、正文、文中引述、文献目录。
一、标题
一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。
如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。打印时,如无特殊要求,每一行均需double space,即隔行打印,行距约为(论文其他部分行距同此)。
二、提纲
英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。
主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母；处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。
需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。
三、摘要
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距： 统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。
4、英文题目： 使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要： “Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。
英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词： “Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。
四、正文
有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。
正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码；阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。
在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。
五、文中引述
正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节；既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 （即英语论文参考文献）的规范性。
引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。
六、文献目录
论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:
目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。
目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码；如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。
标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为；各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为,不必留出更多空白。
各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等；各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志、期刊等条目分列。各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。
英语论文摘要又称文摘，是论文的重要组成部分，它是以提供文献内容梗概为目的，不加评论和补充解释，简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。摘要应具有独立性和自明性，并拥有与文献同等量的主要信息，即不需阅读全文，就可获得重要的信息。
摘要通常置于文题之后，文章之首。在论文发表后，论文摘要常被文献检索系统所收集。英语论文摘要一般为200-300单词，并有与英文摘要表达观点一致的中文摘要与之对应。
问一个基本问题 翻译论文 后面的参考文献要翻译吗 我们学校没有要求翻译参考文献，但是要按照正常的格式写在后面，比如毕业论文要求参考文献是国标，而有些杂志有自己的参考文献格式。 英文文献翻译参考文献需要翻译吗 英文参考文献不必翻译，直接用英文引用即可。 翻译论文时参考文献需要翻译吗 当然了，论文科目的不同，翻译术语就不一样。需要专业的词库的，建议你还是直接找知行翻译公司翻译吧 毕业论文外文翻译里的参考文献是否要翻译成中文？ 不用，这些没有必要。英文论文的中文参考文献 要翻译吗 。 论文里的参考文献是外文的需要翻译成中文吗 论证是用论据来证明论点的过程。论证的目的在于揭示出论点和论据之间的内在逻辑关系。 （一）议论文的论证一般分为立论和驳论两大类型。 ①立论是对一定的事件或问题从正面阐述作者的见解和主张的论证方法。 表明自己的态度时，要注意以下三点： 1)这些看法和主张必须是经过认真的思考或者一定的实践，确实是自己所独有的正确的认识和见解，或者是切实能解决实际问题的主张。要使读者感到有新意，增长知识，提高对事物的认识。 2)必须围绕所论述的问题和中心论点来进行论证。开篇提出怎样的问题，结篇要归结到这一问题。在论证过程中，不能离题万里，任意发挥，或者任意变换论题。如果有几个分论点，每个分论点都要与中心论点有关联，要从属于中心论点。所有论证都要围绕中心论点进行。这样读者才能清楚地了解分论点和中心论点。议论文的逻辑性很强，论证必须紧扣中心，首尾一致。 3)“立”往往建立在“破”的基础之上。在立论的过程中，需要提到一些错误的见解和主张，加以否定和辩驳，以增强说服力，使读者不会误解自己的观点。 ②驳论是以有力的论据反驳别人错误论点的论证方式。有三种方法：反驳论点、反驳论据、反驳论证。由于议论文是由论点、论据、论证三部分有机构成的，因此驳倒了论据或论证，也就否定了论点，与直接反驳论点具有同样效果。一篇驳论文可以几种反驳方式结合起来使用，以加强反驳的力量和说服力。 论文参考文献是中文的，要求附英文版的，直接翻译吗，还是可以去哪找？ 最好找那种中英文对照的文献啊，我们大四弄毕业论文的时候就这样，实在没有就下载中文的，然后用金山快译翻译，稍微调整一下顺序，注意不要有语法错误就可以了。 但参考文献是中国文献，需要把它们翻译成英文吗 在最后附录可以不用，在文中可以自己按字面名字翻译一下帮助别人理解。比如Yi Jing，a Chinese workship which concludes the rules of prediction. 外文翻译参考文献要翻译吗？ 一般需要
你要是引用的是中文版的内容那就写中文文献，要是引用的是英文原版里的句子那就写外文文献。
参考文献是本科毕业论文的重要组成部分，是作者在写作研究过程中，对某一着作或论文的整体或部分的参考借鉴，毕业论文对参考文献格式有明确要求，以此来保障参考文献的规范化、标准化，本文以中文、英文参考文献格式为主题，为大家分享“本科毕业论文参考文献格式要求与写作技巧”。一、参考文献的类型分类。M——专着（含古籍中的史、志论着）C——论文集N——报纸文章J——期刊文章D——学位论文R——研究报告S——标准P——专利A——专着、论文集中的析出文献Z——其他未说明的文献类型电子文献类型以双字母作为标识：DB——数据库CP——计算机程序EB——电子公告非纸张型载体电子文献，在参考文献标识中同时标明其载体类型：DB/OL——联机网上的数据库DB/MT——磁带数据库M/CD——光盘图书CP/DK——磁盘软件J/OL——网上期刊EB/OL——网上电子公告二、本科中文毕业论文参考文献格式要求中文参考文献的类型以单字母方式标识，通常来说， 参考文献按照在正文中出现的先后次序列于文后，参考文献的序号左顶格，并用数字加方括号表示，如[1]、[2]、…，以与正文中的指示序号格式一致。不同文献各对应一个序号；当文献题名相同而仅页码不同，作为一条文献，可将页码注在正文中的指示序号后，如 [5]520。每一参考文献条目的末尾均以“.”结束。下面，对各类参考文献的编排方式进行详细说明：1、期刊文章：第一作者，第二作者，．．．第N作者．年份．文章名称. 刊物名称，卷号（期号）：起始页~终止页．2、专着：第一作者，第二作者，．．．第N作者．年份．书名. 出版地：出版社：起始页~终止页．3、论文集中的文章：第一作者，第二作者，．．．第N作者．年份．文章名称. 见：XXX, XXX，．．．，(等). 主编. 书名. 出版地：出版社：起始页~终止页．4、学位论文：研究生姓名. 论文完成年份. 论文题目[博士/硕士/学士学位论文]. 导师：导师姓名. 城市：学校或研究单位.5、报纸文章：作者.出版年.题目[N].报纸名，年-月-日（第-版）.报纸的文件类型[N]建议写明。6、网上文献：作者.出版年.题目[OL].(更新日期)[引用日期]http://网址.按GB/T 7714—2005，更新日期可省，引用日期不可省！日期的格式必须是类似于：“2011-06-21”的形式。且文献类型[OL]不可省略。7、研究报告作者. 篇名[R].出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.8、专利专利所有者.题名[P].国别:专利号,发布日期.9、条例颁布单位.条例名称,发布日期三、本科英文毕业论文参考文献格式英文参考文献与中文参考文献的格式要求基本相同，但写英文参考文献要注意一点，外文作者姓名的着录格式采用姓在前（全拼，首字母大写），名在后（缩写为首字母），中间用空格；着作类文献题名的实词首字母大写，期刊文献题名的首词首字母大写，期刊名称请用全称，勿用缩写。具体如下：1、单一作者着作的书籍姓，名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市：出版社.如：Sheril, R. D.(1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego:、两位作者以上合着的书籍姓，名字首字母., & 姓，名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市：出版社.如：Smith, J., & Peter, Q. (1992).Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON:McMaster University 、文集中的文章如：Mcdonalds, A.(1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment ofsupernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies:Case studies in application (pp. 42–64). London: OtherWorld 、期刊中的文章(非连续页码)如：Crackton, P.(1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change?Canadian Change, 64(7), 34–、期刊中的文章(连续页码)：姓，名字首字母.(年). 题目. 期刊名(斜体). 第几期，页码.如：Rottweiler, F. T.,& Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink ofdestruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66–、月刊杂志中的文章如：Henry, W. A., III.(1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.以上就是“本科毕业论文参考文献格式要求与写作技巧”全部内容，希望这些技巧能帮助同学们顺利完成写作。发布于 3 年前著作权归作者所有赞同 50喜欢 40