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国际贸易毕业论文参考文献

大学生活又即将即将结束,众所周知毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种有计划的、比较正规的检验大学学习成果的形式,那么应当如何写毕业论文呢?以下是我帮大家整理的国际贸易毕业论文参考文献,希望对大家有所帮助。

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[5]崔到陵,任志成. 外国直接投资与中国人力资本成长的实证分析——以“长三角”为例[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2006,(03) .

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[7]秦晓钟,胡志宝.外商对华直接投资技术外溢效应的实证分析[J].江苏经济探讨,1998(4):47-50

[8]饶燕.知识产权保护对国际技术扩散途径的门槛回归分析[D]].硕士学位论文,浙江工业大学,2007

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[13]陈涛涛,宋爽.影响外商直接投资行业内溢出效应的政策要素研究[J].金融研究,2005(5):56-66

[14]崔到陵,任志成.外国,[J].国际贸易问题,2006(3):87-93

[15]代谦,别朝霞.外国直接投资、人力资本与经济增长:来自中国的.数据[J].经济论坛,2006(4):59-65

[1]李丽.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].财贸经济,2014.

[2]郭璟坤.论低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].中国管理信息化,2015.

[3]王舒.低碳经济对国际贸易的影响及中国的对策[J].当代经济,2011.

[4]龙宁曲.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2015.

[5]郑欢.探讨低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2016.

[6]刘琦.低碳经济环境下的国际贸易发展态势探讨[J].湖北经济学院学报(人文社会科学版),2014(12).

[7]王杰.低碳经济对国际贸易发展的影响[J].北方经贸,2014(03).

[8]谢守红,薛红芳,徐西原.低碳经济与国际贸易结构转型研究综述[J].世界地理研究,2013(02).

[9]龙宁曲.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2015,(23)

[10]丁黎.低碳背景下我国国际贸易与环境保护协同发展研究[J].河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,02:67-72+92-93.

[11]郭璟坤.论低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].中国管理信息化,2015,(22)

[12]孙丹,谭芹兰.低碳经济背景下我国国际物流发展的问题及策略研究[J].中国商论,2015,07:88-90.

[13]郑峥.国际贸易规则视角下低碳经济对我国对外贸易的影响[J].商业经济研究,2016,06:145-146.

[14]王旭坤.基于低碳经济国际贸易规则重塑下的我国对策分析[J].现代商业,2016,11:57-58.

[15]刘佳佳.试分析低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及我国的策略[J].商场现代化,2016,15:1-2.

感觉相关的就行吧,这是我今天刚交老师的Solidarity tradeThe current fair trade movement was shaped in Europe in the 1960s. Fair trade during that period was often seen as a political gesture against neo-imperialism: radical student movements began targeting multinational corporations and concerns that traditional business models were fundamentally flawed started to emerge. The slogan at the time, “Trade not Aid”, gained international recognition in 1968 when it was adopted by the UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) to put the emphasis on the establishment of fair trade relations with the developing world. The year 1965 saw the creation of the first Alternative Trading Organization (ATO): that year, British NGO Oxfam launched "Helping-by-Selling", a program which sold imported handicrafts in Oxfam stores in the UK and from mail-order catalogues. In 1969, the first Worldshop opened its doors in the Netherlands. The initiative aimed at bringing the principles of fair trade to the retail sector by selling almost exclusively goods produced under fair trade terms in “underdeveloped regions”. The first shop was run by volunteers and was so successful that dozens of similar shops soon went into business in the Benelux countries, Germany, and in other Western European the 1960s and 1970s, important segments of the fair trade movement worked to find markets for products from countries that were excluded from the mainstream trading channels for political reasons. Thousands of volunteers sold coffee from Angola and Nicaragua in Worldshops, in the back of churches, from their homes, and from stands in public places, using the products as a vehicle to deliver their message: give disadvantaged producers in developing countries a fair chance on the world’s market, and support their self-determined sustainable development. The alternative trade movement blossomed, if not in sales, then at least in terms of dozens of ATOs being established on both sides of the Atlantic, of scores of Worldshops being set up, and of well-organized actions and campaigns attacking exploitation and foreign domination, and promoting the ideals of Nelson Mandela, Julius Nyerere, and the Nicaraguan Sandinistas: the right to independence and self-determination, to equitable access to the world’s markets and consumers. 团结贸易现今公平贸易运动形塑于1960年代的欧洲,公平贸易于这时期通常被视为一种反抗新帝国主义的政治姿态,基进的学生运动开始关注跨国公司,并出现了一种认为传统商业模式基本上是有缺陷的共识,那时的口号“贸易,而非援助”(Trade not Aid),被1968年所召开的联合国贸易及发展会议(United Nations Conference on Trade and Development,简称UNCTAD)所采用,并得到国际认同,会议中强调与发展中世界建立公平的贸易关系。1965年诞生了第一个另类贸易组织(Alternative Trading Organization,简称ATD):那年,英国的非政府组织乐施会(Oxfam)发起了”以销售来帮忙”(Helping-by-Selling)的活动,一个以邮购及在乐施会商店销售进口手工艺品的计划。1969年,第一个“世界商店”在荷兰开张,这个开创性的构想,是以销售符合公平贸易规则的“发展中区域”的产品,将公平贸易的法则带入零售部门,第一个商店由志工营运,非常成功,之后数十个类似的商店开始在比利时、荷兰、卢森堡及德国等其他西欧国家开始营业。在1960和1970年代,公平贸易运动里很重要的部份是,为那些因为政治因素而被排斥于主流贸易管道的国家,协助他们的产品寻找市场。数千名志工在教会后面和世界商店销售来自安哥拉及尼加拉瓜的咖啡豆,以这些产品从家里和公共场所的摊位传达一个讯息:给那些来自发展中国家的弱势生产者一个公平的机会,就是支持他们自主的永续发展。另类贸易活动的盛行,若不从贸易量来说,至少以在数量上,有数十个另类贸易组织(ATO)在大西洋两岸成立,同时随着世界商店的扩张,有许多计划性的行动与专案,抨击国际间的剥削与支配的现象,宣扬著曼德拉、朱利叶斯•尼雷尔及尼加拉瓜桑定政权的理念:自主及独立的权利,与接触全球市场及消费者的公平管道。

1. Risk-Based Capital Standards and the Riskiness of Bank Portfolios: Credit and Factor Risks [] Steven R. Grenadier & Brian J. Hall1995 Downloadable (with restrictions)! Bank risk-based capital (RBC) standards require banks to hold differing amounts of capital for different classes of assets, based almost entirely on a credit risk criterion. The paper provides both a theoretical and empirical framework for evaluating such standards. A model outlining a pricing methodology for loans subject to default risk is presented. The model shows that the returns on such loans are affected by the complicated interaction of the likelihood of default, the consequences of default, term structure variables, and the pricing of factor risks in the economy. When we examine whether the risk weights accurately reflect bank asset risk, we find that the weights fail even in their limited goal of correctly quantifying credit risk. For example, our findings indicate that the RBC weights overpenalize home mortgages, which have an average credit loss of 13 basis points, relative to commercial and consumer loans. The RBC rules also contain a significant bias agains 2. Pricing Derivatives on Financial Securities Subject to Credit Risk [] Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart MDownloadable (with restrictions)! Author(s): Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart M. 1995 Abstract: This article provides a new methodology for pricing and hedging derivative securities involving credit risk. Two types of credit risks are considered. The first is where the asset underlying the derivative security may default. The second is where the writer of the derivative security may default. The authors apply the foreign currency analogy of R. Jarrow and S. Turnbull (1991) to decompose the dollar payoff from a risky security into a certain payoff and a 'spot exchange rate.' Arbitrage-free valuation techniques are then employed. This methodology can be applied to corporate debt and over the counter derivatives, such as swaps and caps. Copyright 1995 by American Finance Association. 3. The nature of credit risk in project finance [] Marco SorgeDownloadable ! Author(s): Marco Sorge. 2004 Abstract: In project finance, credit risk tends to be relatively high at project inception and to diminish over the life of the project. Hence, longer-maturity loans would be cheaper than shorter-term credits. 4. Valuation of Credit Risk in Agricultural Mortgages [] Sherrick, Bruce J & Barry, Peter J & Ellinger, Paul N2000 Downloadable (with restrictions)! A credit-risk valuation model is developed and empirically implemented to estimate the cost of loss distributions across a broad set of loan-level and pool-level characteristics is used to assess insuring against credit risks in pools of agricultural mortgage loans. Probabilistic information about insurance valuation and solvency likelihood. The effects on the value of credit-risk insurance of pool size, deductibles, timing alterations, premium loadings, adverse loan selection, and changing underwriting standards are also estimated. Results indicate that actuarial insurance costs are initially highly sensitive and then become relatively insensitive as pool size increases. Copyright 2000 by American Agricultural Economics Association 5. Could Regional and Cantonal Banks Reduce Credit Risk through National Diversification? [] Bertrand Rime2007 Downloadable! This paper evaluates the reduction of credit risk that can be achieved in Switzerland by a national diversification of bank lending. Using a credit risk model based on corporate default rates, I find that the risk of a nationally diversified loan portfolio is up to 20% smaller than the sum of the risks of regional portfolios. From a financial stability perspective, this substantial risk diversification potential should motivate particular scrutiny on the more than hundred Swiss banks staying on the regional business model. 6. The Credit Risk Transfer Market and Stability Implications for . Financial Institutions [] Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-LauDownloadable ! Author(s): Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau. 2006 Abstract: The increasing ability to trade credit risk in financial markets has facilitated its dispersion across the financial and other sectors. However, specific risks attached to credit risk transfer (CRT) instruments in a market with still-limited liquidity means that its rapid expansion may actually pose problems for financial sector stability in the event of a major negative shock to credit markets. This paper attempts to quantify the exposure of major . financial groups to credit derivatives, by applying a vector autoregression (VAR) model to publicly available market prices. Our results indicate that use of credit derivatives does not pose a substantial threat to financial sector stability in the United Kingdom. Exposures across major financial institutions appear sufficiently diversified to limit the impact of any shock to the market, while major insurance companies are largely exposed to the 7. Ratings versus equity-based credit risk modelling: an empirical analysis [] Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone VarottoDownloadable ! Author(s): Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone Varotto. Abstract: Banks have recently developed new techniques for gauging the credit risk associated with portfolios of illiquid, defaultable instruments. These techniques could revolutionise banks' management of credit risk and could in the longer term serve as a more risk-sensitive basis for calculating regulatory capital on banks' loan books than the current 8% capital charge. In this paper, examples are implemented of the two main types of credit risk model developed so far: ratings-based and equity-based approaches. Using price data on large eurobond portfolios, the paper assesses, on an out-of-sample basis, how well these models track the risks they claim to measure. 8. Comparing mortgage credit risk policies : an options-based approach [] Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, LauraDownloadable ! Author(s): Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, Laura. 2003 Abstract: Buckley, Karaguishiyeva,Van Order, and Vecvagare analyze the structure of approaches to mortgage credit risk that are now being used in a number of OECD and transition economies. The authors'basic approach is to show how option pricing models can help measure and evaluate the risks of various schemes. They find that mortgage default insurance can be a cost-effective tool for both improving housing affordability and efficiently addressing some of the rationing that characterizes this market. When correctly structured, as it is in a number of transition and market countries, this kind of program can be expected to reduce nonprice rationing at an actuarially fair price. At the same time, considerable care must be exercised in the development of such instruments. Geographical risk diversification, particularly across borders, can play a major role in the success of these programs. 9. Quadratic Portfolio Credit Risk models with Shot-noise Effects [] Gaspar, Raquel M. & Schmidt, Thorsten2005 Downloadable!
We propose a reduced form model for default that allows us to derive closed-form solutions to all the key ingredients in credit risk modeling: risk-free bond prices, defaultable bond prices (with and without stochastic recovery) and probabilities of survival. We show that all these quantities can be represented in general exponential quadratic forms, despite the fact that the intensity is allowed to jump producing shot-noise effects. In addition, we show how to price defaultable digital puts, CDSs and options on defaultable bonds. Further on, we study a model for portfolio credit risk where we consider both firm specific and systematic risks. The model generalizes the attempt from Duffie and Garleanu (2001). We find that the model produces realistic default correlation and clustering of defaults. Then, we show how to price first-to-default swaps, CDOs, and draw the link to currently proposed credit indices. 10. Macro stress testing with a macroeconomic credit risk model for Finland [] Virolainen , KimmoDownloadable ! Author(s): Virolainen , Kimmo. 2004 Abstract: In the discussion paper, we employ data on industry-specific corporate sector bankruptcies over the time period from 1986 to 2003 and estimate a macroeconomic credit risk model for the Finnish corporate sector. The sample period includes a severe recession with significantly higher-than-average default rates in the early 1990s. The results suggest a significant relationship between corporate sector default rates and key macroeconomic factors including GDP, interest rates and corporate indebtedness. The estimated model is employed to analyse corporate credit risks conditional on current macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the paper presents some examples of applying the model to macro stress testing, ie analysing the effects of various adverse macroeconomic events on the banks’ credit risks stemming from the corporate sector. The results of the stress tests suggest that Finnish corporate sector credit risks are fairly limited in the current macr

国贸论文英文参考文献

国际贸易论文参考文献

在现实的学习、工作中,说到论文,大家肯定都不陌生吧,通过论文写作可以培养我们的科学研究能力。如何写一篇有思想、有文采的论文呢?下面是我收集整理的国际贸易论文参考文献,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友!

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[9]仇睿,姚俭建.自然资本简论[J].东南学术.2002(01).

[10]李刚.基于可持续发展的国家物质流分析[J].中国工业经济.2004(11).

[11]刘宇辉,彭希哲.基于生态足迹模型的中国发展可持续性评估[J].中国人口.资源与环境.2004(05).

[12]黄玖立,李坤望.出口开放、地区市场规模和经济增长[J].经济研究.2006(06).

[13]杨充霖,文先明.自然资本的起因、含义及问题[J].求索.2006(04).

[14]曹淑艳,谢高地.基于投入产出分析的中国生态足迹模型[J].生态学报.2007(04).

[15]林娅,孙文营.深化自然资本理念与发展循环经济[J].中国人民大学学报.2008(05).

[1]金实.一本书读懂经济学[M].九州出版社,2010年1月.

[2]李毅.中国纺织服装产品可能遭遇的保障措施和几种特保措施比较研究[J].国际贸易问题,2005年,第4期:第105-108页.

[3]乔生.‘特保条款’及其对我国出口贸易的负面评析[J].国际贸易问题,2005年,第5期,第102页.

[4]钱磊.论特保条款中几个主要问题[J].广西政法管理干部学院学报,2005年,第1期,第58页.

[5]华民.西方混合体制[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,1995.

[6]郑秉文.公司治理:美国模式之谜[N].经济观察报,2002-08-12.

[7]李俊江.论代国际贸易方式创新及对我国的经济影响,2003-9-28.

[8]还有许多纸和电视上的新闻,因看的时候没有仔细记录,故现在不能详尽的罗列.

[1]陈策.外国直接投资的国际贸易效应:基于我国行业数据的分析[J].国际贸易问题,2007(3):28-33

[2]陈丽珍,王术文.技术扩散及其相关概念辨析[J].现代管理科学,2005(2):56

[3]黄晓玲. 我国中西部区位优势与吸收外国直接投资类型定位[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2003,(01) .

[4]姚利民 ,唐春宇. 独资与合资方式的技术溢出效果比较[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2005,(10) .

[5]崔到陵,任志成. 外国直接投资与中国人力资本成长的实证分析——以“长三角”为例[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2006,(03) .

[6]平新乔等.外国直接投资对中国企业的溢出效应分析:来自中国第一次全国经济普查数据闭.世界经济,2007(8):3-13

[7]秦晓钟,胡志宝.外商对华直接投资技术外溢效应的实证分析[J].江苏经济探讨,1998(4):47-50

[8]饶燕.知识产权保护对国际技术扩散途径的门槛回归分析[D]].硕士学位论文,浙江工业大学,2007

[9]Cheung, ., Lin P. Spillover effect s of FDI on innovation in China: Evidence from province vincial data [J] .China Economic Review, 2004, 15 (1):25-441.

[10]Hejazi,Walid,Sufarian, Spillovers[J] .Journal of International Economics, 1999, 30 (3) :491-511 .

[11]Kokko, . Technology, market characteristics, and spillovers [J] .Journal of Development Studies, 1994, 42 (2) :279-293 .

[12]熊晶晶,史本山. 外商直接投资的技术溢出机理研究[J]. 商业研究, 2006,(22) .

[13]陈涛涛,宋爽.影响外商直接投资行业内溢出效应的政策要素研究[J].金融研究,2005(5):56-66

[14]崔到陵,任志成.外国,[J].国际贸易问题,2006(3):87-93

[15]代谦,别朝霞.外国直接投资、人力资本与经济增长:来自中国的数据[J].经济论坛,2006(4):59-65

国际贸易毕业论文参考文献

大学生活又即将即将结束,众所周知毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种有计划的、比较正规的检验大学学习成果的形式,那么应当如何写毕业论文呢?以下是我帮大家整理的国际贸易毕业论文参考文献,希望对大家有所帮助。

[1]陈策.外国直接投资的国际贸易效应:基于我国行业数据的分析[J].国际贸易问题,2007(3):28-33

[2]陈丽珍,王术文.技术扩散及其相关概念辨析[J].现代管理科学,2005(2):56

[3]黄晓玲. 我国中西部区位优势与吸收外国直接投资类型定位[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2003,(01) .

[4]姚利民 ,唐春宇. 独资与合资方式的技术溢出效果比较[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2005,(10) .

[5]崔到陵,任志成. 外国直接投资与中国人力资本成长的实证分析——以“长三角”为例[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2006,(03) .

[6]平新乔等.外国直接投资对中国企业的溢出效应分析:来自中国第一次全国经济普查数据闭.世界经济,2007(8):3-13

[7]秦晓钟,胡志宝.外商对华直接投资技术外溢效应的实证分析[J].江苏经济探讨,1998(4):47-50

[8]饶燕.知识产权保护对国际技术扩散途径的门槛回归分析[D]].硕士学位论文,浙江工业大学,2007

[9]Cheung, ., Lin P. Spillover effect s of FDI on innovation in China: Evidence from province vincial data [J] .China Economic Review, 2004, 15 (1):25-441.

[10]Hejazi,Walid,Sufarian, Spillovers[J] .Journal of International Economics, 1999, 30 (3) :491-511 .

[11]Kokko, . Technology, market characteristics, and spillovers [J] .Journal of Development Studies, 1994, 42 (2) :279-293 .

[12]熊晶晶,史本山. 外商直接投资的技术溢出机理研究[J]. 商业研究, 2006,(22) .

[13]陈涛涛,宋爽.影响外商直接投资行业内溢出效应的政策要素研究[J].金融研究,2005(5):56-66

[14]崔到陵,任志成.外国,[J].国际贸易问题,2006(3):87-93

[15]代谦,别朝霞.外国直接投资、人力资本与经济增长:来自中国的.数据[J].经济论坛,2006(4):59-65

[1]李丽.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].财贸经济,2014.

[2]郭璟坤.论低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].中国管理信息化,2015.

[3]王舒.低碳经济对国际贸易的影响及中国的对策[J].当代经济,2011.

[4]龙宁曲.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2015.

[5]郑欢.探讨低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2016.

[6]刘琦.低碳经济环境下的国际贸易发展态势探讨[J].湖北经济学院学报(人文社会科学版),2014(12).

[7]王杰.低碳经济对国际贸易发展的影响[J].北方经贸,2014(03).

[8]谢守红,薛红芳,徐西原.低碳经济与国际贸易结构转型研究综述[J].世界地理研究,2013(02).

[9]龙宁曲.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2015,(23)

[10]丁黎.低碳背景下我国国际贸易与环境保护协同发展研究[J].河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,02:67-72+92-93.

[11]郭璟坤.论低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].中国管理信息化,2015,(22)

[12]孙丹,谭芹兰.低碳经济背景下我国国际物流发展的问题及策略研究[J].中国商论,2015,07:88-90.

[13]郑峥.国际贸易规则视角下低碳经济对我国对外贸易的影响[J].商业经济研究,2016,06:145-146.

[14]王旭坤.基于低碳经济国际贸易规则重塑下的我国对策分析[J].现代商业,2016,11:57-58.

[15]刘佳佳.试分析低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及我国的策略[J].商场现代化,2016,15:1-2.

《国际贸易》参考文献目录(1)Steven Husted, Michael Melvin, International Economics[M], (the fifth edition),高等教育出版社,2002,影印版(2)Dominick Salvatore, International Economics[M], (the fifth edition),清华大学出版社,1997,影印版(3)保罗.克鲁格曼.黄胜强译.克鲁格曼国际贸易新理论[M].中国社会科学出版社,2001(4)迈克尔.波特.李明轩,邱如美译.国家竞争优势[M].华夏出版社,2002(5)陶明,吴申元等.服务贸易学[M].山西经济出版社,2001(6)亚当.斯密.国民财富的性质和原因的研究[M].商务印书馆,1981(7)大卫.李嘉图.政治经济学及赋税原理[M].商务印书馆,1981(8)B俄林.地区间贸易与国际贸易[M].商务印书馆,1986(9)朱彤.发展中国家在WTO中的地位和利益[M].经济科学出版社,2001(10)温思美.农产品国际贸易[M].中国农业出版社,2002(11)陈同仇、薛荣久.国际贸易(1997年版).对外经济贸易大学出版社.第一章(12)李岳云.国际贸易基础.中国农业科技出版社.第一章(13)杨全发.新编国际贸易.中山大学出版社.第一章(14)《世界经济》杂志(15)《世界经济研究》杂志(16)《国际商报》(17)《国际贸易》杂志(18)《国际贸易问题》杂志(19)《WTO导刊》杂志

一般你可以直接去知网里搜相关领域的文章,里面很多参考文献,尤其是EI级别的文章,中英文参考文献都有,现成的。如果你还是找不到,可以百度搜下:普刊学术中心,也有很多参考文献讲解

中国钢铁贸易论文英文文献

AbstractIn recent years China steel industry obtained booming development.Crude steelproduction ofChina increased from 182.2 million ton of2002 year to 418.78 millionton of 2006 year.China’S share in the word total steel production increased from20.15%in 2002 to 34.29%in 2006.Absolutely China has been the largest country ofsteel production.But the largest country of steel production does not mean that It is the strongcountry of steel trade.In long time China is always the large steel import country.In2003 China even became the largest steel product import country in theword.However great change take place in 2006,the export trade of China steelproduct obtain remarkable development,the total export finished at 43 million tonsand became the largest export of steel product.The export trade of China steelproduct in 2006 has a historical change.In this thesis we began to research the issue of China steel export trade from thehistorical change.First.analyze the main characteristic of export trade on the basis ofintroducing the basic situation ofour country steel industry.Second,research the rapiddevelopment reason of steel export trade from the intematiorml factor and domesticfactor,Third,analyze the possible risk which our country steel export trade wasconfronted in future.Fourthly,forecast the development foreground of China exporttrader in future.Finally we draw a conclusion that the booming steel export of Chinasteel product is a long and inevitable process.It is the necessary outcome that theword industry is adjusting and changing under global economic incorporate.Keyword:China Steel Export trade ResearchII摘要近几年,中国的钢铁工业获得了迅猛的发展。中国的粗钢产量由2002年的1.822亿吨迅速上升到2006年的4.1878亿吨。占世界粗钢产量的比重也由20.15%迅速提高到2006年的34.429%。中国毫无疑问的成为世界钢铁生产大国。但是,钢铁生产大国并不意味着是钢铁贸易的强国。长期以来,中国一直是钢材进口的主力军。2003年更是成为全球最大的钢材进口国。然而形势在2006年发生了逆转,中国的钢材出口贸易突然迅猛增长,全年共出口钢材4300万吨,一跃成为全球最大的钢材出口国。中国的钢材出口贸易在2006年发生了历史性的转变。本文就是针对这一历史性转变,在介绍中国钢铁工业现状的基础上。首先分析中国钢铁出口贸易的现状和特点。然后分别从国际和国内因素来探讨中国钢铁出口贸易迅速发展的原因。在此基础上,分析中国钢铁出口贸易目前所面临的风险。并对今后的钢铁出口贸易发展形势进行了展望。最后得出结论:中国铡铁产品的大量出口是一个难以逆转的长期趋势,这也是全球一体化主导下,世界产业调整和分工的必然结果。关键词:中国钢铁出口贸易研究 资料找的,请采纳

国际贸易美国增加对欧洲不锈钢废钢的出口量,南非禁止铬矿出口,南非取消不锈钢产品进口关税,首届揭阳五金不锈钢制品博览会今年11月举办。作者:无刊名::市场与信息机构:不详分类:F740 关键词:国际贸易 不锈钢制品 进口关税 出口量 钢产品 博览会 南非国际贸易一、简答题1.假定国际分工前,英国和葡萄牙都生产酒和毛呢两种产品,各自的产量与劳动人数如下表所示;如果国际分工后,两国劳动力的数量不变,则根据比较优势理论,两国应如何进行国际分工?分工后,酒与毛呢的产量分别为多少?作者:无刊名:河北自学考试机构:不详分类:F740关键词:国际贸易 国际分工 比较优势理论 劳动力 简答题 葡萄牙 产量国际贸易印度有关机构建议继续对美日不锈钢征收反倾销税;2005年8月美国不锈钢进口量上升3%;2005年第四季度南非铬铁价格谈判延长。作者:无刊名::市场与信息机构:不详分类: 关键词:印度 不锈钢 反倾销税 美国 进口量 铬铁 市场价格国际贸易欧洲钢铁工业联盟对中国不锈钢提起反倾销诉讼;2007年欧洲进口中国不锈钢数量趋势尚未明朗;五矿钢协声明:中国出口钢材未损害欧钢企;广东新会区不锈钢制品出口增长35.9%;德国政府表示支持欧盟对中国钢材启动反倾销程序作者:无刊名::市场与信息机构:不详分类:F740关键词:国际贸易 不锈钢制品 钢铁工业 德国政府 反倾销 中国 新会区 欧洲国际贸易欧盟电子垃圾法规出台中国百亿美元出口犯难 美国可能因盗版问题制裁中国 菲旅游贸易合作重点瞄准中国 中国对原产美韩荷的三元乙丙橡胶进行反倾销调查 作者:无刊名:当代经理人机构:不详分类:F832 F752关键词:中国 旅游贸易 出台 美元 国际贸易 反倾销调查 出口 制裁 盗版问题 欧盟国际贸易欧盟未来9个月暂停对中国钼铁产品征收反倾销关税;上海克虏伯10月份不锈钢出口量情况;原料价格上涨 日本12月份不锈钢出口价格上涨;韩国近期对中国出口以430冷轧料为主。作者:无刊名::市场与信息机构:不详分类:F740关键词:国际贸易 价格上涨 出口量 不锈钢 反倾销 中国 关税 征收国际贸易美国不允许终止来自4个国家不锈钢棒材产品的反倾销税美国商务部基于一项快速的“日落评审”做出决定,将不允许终止来自4个国家不锈钢棒材产品的反倾销税。不过,据了解,在今年后期,美国国际贸易委员会可能会以最终的伤害判决而推翻这一决定。作者:无刊名::市场与信息机构:不详分类:F740关键词:国际贸易 反倾销 不锈钢 商务部 美国 委员会 产品 棒材国际贸易作者:无刊名:当代经理人机构:不详分类:F752关键词:中国 鱼 虾 袜子 家禽 出口 国际贸易国际贸易太钢继续上调出口韩国的不锈钢价格;韩国可能对中国不锈钢采取反倾销措施;俄罗斯对进口不锈钢管展开安全调查;日本将取消高碳铬铁进口关税 最快2008年4月实施;欧盟开始对中国钢材进行价格调查.作者:无刊名::市场与信息机构:不详分类:F740关键词:国际贸易 不锈钢管 进口关税 价格调查 安全调查 高碳铬铁 反倾销 俄罗斯国际贸易电解铝铁合金出口退税取消,土耳其将我42类纺织品列入特保广度深度超美国,洋酒关税大降国产葡萄酒价格全面松动作者:无刊名:当代经理人机构:不详分类:关键词:国产葡萄酒 洋酒 国际贸易 出口退税 关税 取消 电解铝 广度 深度 美国

1. Risk-Based Capital Standards and the Riskiness of Bank Portfolios: Credit and Factor Risks [] Steven R. Grenadier & Brian J. Hall1995 Downloadable (with restrictions)! Bank risk-based capital (RBC) standards require banks to hold differing amounts of capital for different classes of assets, based almost entirely on a credit risk criterion. The paper provides both a theoretical and empirical framework for evaluating such standards. A model outlining a pricing methodology for loans subject to default risk is presented. The model shows that the returns on such loans are affected by the complicated interaction of the likelihood of default, the consequences of default, term structure variables, and the pricing of factor risks in the economy. When we examine whether the risk weights accurately reflect bank asset risk, we find that the weights fail even in their limited goal of correctly quantifying credit risk. For example, our findings indicate that the RBC weights overpenalize home mortgages, which have an average credit loss of 13 basis points, relative to commercial and consumer loans. The RBC rules also contain a significant bias agains 2. Pricing Derivatives on Financial Securities Subject to Credit Risk [] Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart MDownloadable (with restrictions)! Author(s): Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart M. 1995 Abstract: This article provides a new methodology for pricing and hedging derivative securities involving credit risk. Two types of credit risks are considered. The first is where the asset underlying the derivative security may default. The second is where the writer of the derivative security may default. The authors apply the foreign currency analogy of R. Jarrow and S. Turnbull (1991) to decompose the dollar payoff from a risky security into a certain payoff and a 'spot exchange rate.' Arbitrage-free valuation techniques are then employed. This methodology can be applied to corporate debt and over the counter derivatives, such as swaps and caps. Copyright 1995 by American Finance Association. 3. The nature of credit risk in project finance [] Marco SorgeDownloadable ! Author(s): Marco Sorge. 2004 Abstract: In project finance, credit risk tends to be relatively high at project inception and to diminish over the life of the project. Hence, longer-maturity loans would be cheaper than shorter-term credits. 4. Valuation of Credit Risk in Agricultural Mortgages [] Sherrick, Bruce J & Barry, Peter J & Ellinger, Paul N2000 Downloadable (with restrictions)! A credit-risk valuation model is developed and empirically implemented to estimate the cost of loss distributions across a broad set of loan-level and pool-level characteristics is used to assess insuring against credit risks in pools of agricultural mortgage loans. Probabilistic information about insurance valuation and solvency likelihood. The effects on the value of credit-risk insurance of pool size, deductibles, timing alterations, premium loadings, adverse loan selection, and changing underwriting standards are also estimated. Results indicate that actuarial insurance costs are initially highly sensitive and then become relatively insensitive as pool size increases. Copyright 2000 by American Agricultural Economics Association 5. Could Regional and Cantonal Banks Reduce Credit Risk through National Diversification? [] Bertrand Rime2007 Downloadable! This paper evaluates the reduction of credit risk that can be achieved in Switzerland by a national diversification of bank lending. Using a credit risk model based on corporate default rates, I find that the risk of a nationally diversified loan portfolio is up to 20% smaller than the sum of the risks of regional portfolios. From a financial stability perspective, this substantial risk diversification potential should motivate particular scrutiny on the more than hundred Swiss banks staying on the regional business model. 6. The Credit Risk Transfer Market and Stability Implications for . Financial Institutions [] Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-LauDownloadable ! Author(s): Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau. 2006 Abstract: The increasing ability to trade credit risk in financial markets has facilitated its dispersion across the financial and other sectors. However, specific risks attached to credit risk transfer (CRT) instruments in a market with still-limited liquidity means that its rapid expansion may actually pose problems for financial sector stability in the event of a major negative shock to credit markets. This paper attempts to quantify the exposure of major . financial groups to credit derivatives, by applying a vector autoregression (VAR) model to publicly available market prices. Our results indicate that use of credit derivatives does not pose a substantial threat to financial sector stability in the United Kingdom. Exposures across major financial institutions appear sufficiently diversified to limit the impact of any shock to the market, while major insurance companies are largely exposed to the 7. Ratings versus equity-based credit risk modelling: an empirical analysis [] Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone VarottoDownloadable ! Author(s): Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone Varotto. Abstract: Banks have recently developed new techniques for gauging the credit risk associated with portfolios of illiquid, defaultable instruments. These techniques could revolutionise banks' management of credit risk and could in the longer term serve as a more risk-sensitive basis for calculating regulatory capital on banks' loan books than the current 8% capital charge. In this paper, examples are implemented of the two main types of credit risk model developed so far: ratings-based and equity-based approaches. Using price data on large eurobond portfolios, the paper assesses, on an out-of-sample basis, how well these models track the risks they claim to measure. 8. Comparing mortgage credit risk policies : an options-based approach [] Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, LauraDownloadable ! Author(s): Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, Laura. 2003 Abstract: Buckley, Karaguishiyeva,Van Order, and Vecvagare analyze the structure of approaches to mortgage credit risk that are now being used in a number of OECD and transition economies. The authors'basic approach is to show how option pricing models can help measure and evaluate the risks of various schemes. They find that mortgage default insurance can be a cost-effective tool for both improving housing affordability and efficiently addressing some of the rationing that characterizes this market. When correctly structured, as it is in a number of transition and market countries, this kind of program can be expected to reduce nonprice rationing at an actuarially fair price. At the same time, considerable care must be exercised in the development of such instruments. Geographical risk diversification, particularly across borders, can play a major role in the success of these programs. 9. Quadratic Portfolio Credit Risk models with Shot-noise Effects [] Gaspar, Raquel M. & Schmidt, Thorsten2005 Downloadable!
We propose a reduced form model for default that allows us to derive closed-form solutions to all the key ingredients in credit risk modeling: risk-free bond prices, defaultable bond prices (with and without stochastic recovery) and probabilities of survival. We show that all these quantities can be represented in general exponential quadratic forms, despite the fact that the intensity is allowed to jump producing shot-noise effects. In addition, we show how to price defaultable digital puts, CDSs and options on defaultable bonds. Further on, we study a model for portfolio credit risk where we consider both firm specific and systematic risks. The model generalizes the attempt from Duffie and Garleanu (2001). We find that the model produces realistic default correlation and clustering of defaults. Then, we show how to price first-to-default swaps, CDOs, and draw the link to currently proposed credit indices. 10. Macro stress testing with a macroeconomic credit risk model for Finland [] Virolainen , KimmoDownloadable ! Author(s): Virolainen , Kimmo. 2004 Abstract: In the discussion paper, we employ data on industry-specific corporate sector bankruptcies over the time period from 1986 to 2003 and estimate a macroeconomic credit risk model for the Finnish corporate sector. The sample period includes a severe recession with significantly higher-than-average default rates in the early 1990s. The results suggest a significant relationship between corporate sector default rates and key macroeconomic factors including GDP, interest rates and corporate indebtedness. The estimated model is employed to analyse corporate credit risks conditional on current macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the paper presents some examples of applying the model to macro stress testing, ie analysing the effects of various adverse macroeconomic events on the banks’ credit risks stemming from the corporate sector. The results of the stress tests suggest that Finnish corporate sector credit risks are fairly limited in the current macr

国贸论文文献

国际贸易论文参考文献汇总

论文中参考文献的主要作用为:体现研究的背景,明确研究的基础,提供论证的依据,区分成果的所有,便于读者的.检索,下面是我搜索整理的国际贸易论文参考文献范例,希望对你的论文写作有帮助。

国际贸易论文参考文献一:

[1] 张恒义,刘卫东,王世忠,单娜娜,梁红梅. “省公顷”生态足迹模型中均衡因子及产量因子的计算--以浙江省为例[J]. 自然资源学报. 2009(01)

[2] 王闰平,荣湘民. 山西省农业生态经济系统能值分析[J]. 应用生态学报. 2008(10)

[3] 蔡九菊,王建军,张琦,李广双. 钢铁企业物质流、能量流及其对CO2排放的影响[J]. 环境科学研究. 2008(01)

[4] 刘遵义,陈锡康,杨翠红,Leonard Sung,祝坤福,裴建锁,唐志鹏. 非竞争型投入占用产出模型及其应用--中美贸易顺差透视[J]. 中国社会科学. 2007(05)

[5] 刘建兴,王青,初道忠,顾晓薇,李广军,梁桂燕. 中国三大产业生态足迹的投入产出分析[J]. 生态环境. 2007(02)

[6] 毕秀水. 我国经济有效增长研究--基于自然资本库兹涅茨曲线的经济学分析[J]. 东北师大学报. 2005(03)

[7] 陈艳莹,原毅军. 基于自然资本的经济增长可持续条件研究[J]. 当代经济科学. 2003(04)

[8] 徐中民,张志强,程国栋,陈东景. 中国1999年生态足迹计算与发展能力分析[J]. 应用生态学报. 2003(02)

[9] 仇睿,姚俭建. 自然资本简论[J]. 东南学术. 2002(01)

[10] 李刚. 基于可持续发展的国家物质流分析[J]. 中国工业经济. 2004(11)

[11] 刘宇辉,彭希哲. 基于生态足迹模型的中国发展可持续性评估[J]. 中国人口.资源与环境. 2004(05)

[12] 黄玖立,李坤望. 出口开放、地区市场规模和经济增长[J]. 经济研究. 2006(06)

[13] 杨充霖,文先明. 自然资本的起因、含义及问题[J]. 求索. 2006(04)

[14] 曹淑艳,谢高地. 基于投入产出分析的中国生态足迹模型[J]. 生态学报. 2007(04)

[15] 林娅,孙文营. 深化自然资本理念与发展循环经济[J]. 中国人民大学学报. 2008(05)

国际贸易论文参考文献二:

[1] 张晓京,张玉喜,赵丽丽,张路蓬. 货币危机理论和汇率理论:发散与交融[J]. 经济研究导刊. 2013(05)

[2] 唐斌. 资本理论的脉络及延展[D]. 复旦大学 2013

[3] 杨宏. 马克思主义消费理论视域下我国老龄消费市场开发研究[D]. 大连海事大学 2011

[4] 梁茵. 构建民营企业和谐劳动关系研究[D]. 东北师范大学 2011

[5] 黄雯. 人和自然关系的探讨:从马克思到当代[D]. 福建师范大学 2011

[6] 李. 论进一步推进人民币汇率形成机制改革[J]. 学术研究. 2013(01)

[7] 黄先禄. 人民币汇率改革路径分析[J]. 现代商贸工业. 2012(22)

[8] 陈雨露,侯杰. 汇率决定理论的新近发展:文献综述[J]. 当代经济科学. 2005(05)

国际贸易毕业论文参考文献

大学生活又即将即将结束,众所周知毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种有计划的、比较正规的检验大学学习成果的形式,那么应当如何写毕业论文呢?以下是我帮大家整理的国际贸易毕业论文参考文献,希望对大家有所帮助。

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[4]姚利民 ,唐春宇. 独资与合资方式的技术溢出效果比较[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2005,(10) .

[5]崔到陵,任志成. 外国直接投资与中国人力资本成长的实证分析——以“长三角”为例[J]. 国际贸易问题, 2006,(03) .

[6]平新乔等.外国直接投资对中国企业的溢出效应分析:来自中国第一次全国经济普查数据闭.世界经济,2007(8):3-13

[7]秦晓钟,胡志宝.外商对华直接投资技术外溢效应的实证分析[J].江苏经济探讨,1998(4):47-50

[8]饶燕.知识产权保护对国际技术扩散途径的门槛回归分析[D]].硕士学位论文,浙江工业大学,2007

[9]Cheung, ., Lin P. Spillover effect s of FDI on innovation in China: Evidence from province vincial data [J] .China Economic Review, 2004, 15 (1):25-441.

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[13]陈涛涛,宋爽.影响外商直接投资行业内溢出效应的政策要素研究[J].金融研究,2005(5):56-66

[14]崔到陵,任志成.外国,[J].国际贸易问题,2006(3):87-93

[15]代谦,别朝霞.外国直接投资、人力资本与经济增长:来自中国的.数据[J].经济论坛,2006(4):59-65

[1]李丽.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].财贸经济,2014.

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[3]王舒.低碳经济对国际贸易的影响及中国的对策[J].当代经济,2011.

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[5]郑欢.探讨低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2016.

[6]刘琦.低碳经济环境下的国际贸易发展态势探讨[J].湖北经济学院学报(人文社会科学版),2014(12).

[7]王杰.低碳经济对国际贸易发展的影响[J].北方经贸,2014(03).

[8]谢守红,薛红芳,徐西原.低碳经济与国际贸易结构转型研究综述[J].世界地理研究,2013(02).

[9]龙宁曲.低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].现代经济信息,2015,(23)

[10]丁黎.低碳背景下我国国际贸易与环境保护协同发展研究[J].河海大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,02:67-72+92-93.

[11]郭璟坤.论低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及中国的对策[J].中国管理信息化,2015,(22)

[12]孙丹,谭芹兰.低碳经济背景下我国国际物流发展的问题及策略研究[J].中国商论,2015,07:88-90.

[13]郑峥.国际贸易规则视角下低碳经济对我国对外贸易的影响[J].商业经济研究,2016,06:145-146.

[14]王旭坤.基于低碳经济国际贸易规则重塑下的我国对策分析[J].现代商业,2016,11:57-58.

[15]刘佳佳.试分析低碳经济对国际贸易规则的影响及我国的策略[J].商场现代化,2016,15:1-2.

国际贸易类英文论文参考文献

1.李金林.国际贸易实务.北京大学出版社2.李溯婉.多哈中止中国贸易摩擦将居高不下.第一财经日报,.李金林.我国的市场经济与市场经济地位.中国当代经济,2004(12)1.朱颖.美国储蓄不足和全球储蓄过剩是美国贸易逆差产生的根本原因.国际贸易问题,.李晓.“经济主义”时代的中日关系.国际经济评论,-4[1]胡锦涛论农村基层组织建设[J]1当代贵州,2005,(11)1[2]瞿振元,李小云,王秀清.中国社会主义新农村建设研究[M],北京:社会科学文献出版社,2006.[3]建设社会主义新农村学习读本编写组.建设社会主义新农村学习读本[Z],北京:新华出版社,2006.[4]许兴文,许建明.转型社会的乡村发展与政府效能研究[M],北京:中国农业出版社,2004.[5]艾医卫,李健,唐美元.提高乡镇行政效能的几点思考[J],乡镇建设,1999,(9).[6]任翔.新形势下乡镇工作的难点和对策[J],铜仁地委党校学报,2005,(3).[7]龚志兴.加强党在农村执政能力建设的途径和方法[J],党建,2005,(10).[8]杜赞奇.王福明译.文化、权力与国家———1900~1942年的华北农村[M],南京:江苏人民出版社,1995.[1]谷祖莎.贸易、环境与中国的选择[J],山东大学学报(哲社版),2005,(6).[2]李慕菡,等.我国国际贸易中污染产品的跨境转移[J],国际贸易问题,2005,(10).[3]程名望,等.国际贸易中环境成本内在化的经济学分析[J],中国地质大学学报,2005,(3).[4]沈亚芳,应瑞瑶.对外贸易、环境污染与政策调整[J],国际贸易问题,2005,(1).[5]马丽,等.外商投资对地区资源环境影响的机制分析[J],中国软科学,2003,(10).[6]邵宏华,等.国际贸易与环境保护[J],世界经济,1996,(12).

国际贸易论文参考文献

在现实的学习、工作中,说到论文,大家肯定都不陌生吧,通过论文写作可以培养我们的科学研究能力。如何写一篇有思想、有文采的论文呢?下面是我收集整理的国际贸易论文参考文献,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友!

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[1]徐盈之,郭进.开放经济条件下国家碳排放责任比较研究[J].中国人口.资源与环境.2014(01).

[2]赵兴国,潘玉君,王爽,姚辉,崔文芳.云南省耕地资源利用的可持续性及其动态预测——基于“国家公顷”的生态足迹新方法[J].资源科学.2011(03).

[3]任力,黄崇杰.中国对外贸易与碳排放——基于面板数据的分析[J].经济学家.2011(03).

[4]刘华军,闫庆悦.贸易开放、FDI与中国CO2排放[J].数量经济技术经济研究.2011(03).

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Influence and Countermeasures of International economic integration on China’s foreign tradeAt present, the world economy is moving to the new trend of regional blocs and economic , the economic integration is gradually breaking continental limits to the Pan-Africa development of international economic integration will inevitably lead to deeper integration of its internal trade barriers and strengthening the dual external results, leading to non-group increasing competition among countries, protectionism is rampant. These are constraints of the international economy, especially the freedom of foreign economic development in developing countries.

我的是毕业论文参考文献 很有用 《国际服务贸易》 李小牧电子工业出版社 《国际服务贸易:自由化与规则》何茂春 世界知识出版社 《国际服务贸易》程宪 程大中高等教育出版社 《世界贸易组织与中国对外贸易研究》王文举 安广实 经济日报出版社 《国际服务贸易》汪素芹 机械工业出版社 《联合国国际货物买卖合同公约》 《国际贸易理论与实务》贾建华首都经济贸易大学出版社 《国际服务贸易发展趋势及动因分析》 刘绍坚 《国际服务贸易》张汉林 对外经济贸易大学 《服务业跨国转移的趋势、影响及对策》 王子先,王雪坤,杜娟. 《国际服务贸易》 饶友玲对外经济贸易大学 《国际服务贸易》 程宪立信会计出版社 《国际服务贸易》 刘东升 中国金融出版社国家统计局 () 《GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES》 Trade Statistics. 2000

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