我这边有一个专门讲传统文化的网站，挺不错，你可以编辑剪切下来上面的文章，添加、修改、润色下，然后，用百度在线翻译，弄成英文，多棒啊~要多少有多少，我就是天才，哇咔咔！
这些东西都可以再网上查到！关于长城的传说 In the north of China, there lies a 6,700-kilometer-long (4,161-mile-long) ancient wall. Now well-known as the Great Wall of China, it starts at the Jiayuguan Pass of Gansu Province in the west and ends at the Shanhaiguan Pass of Hebei Province in the east. As one of the Eight Wonders in the world, the Great Wall of China has become the symbol of the Chinese nation and its culture. Lots of beautiful legends and stories about the Great Wall took place following along the construction, and since that time these stories have spread around the country. Those that happened during construction are abundant, such as Meng Jiangnu's story and the legend of the Jiayuguan Pass. Meng Jiangnu's story is the most famous and widely spread of all the legends about the Great Wall. The story happened during the Qin Dynasty (221BC-206BC). It tells of how Meng Jiangnu's bitter weeping made a section of the Great Wall collapse. Meng Jiangnu's husband Fan Qiliang was caught by federal officials and sent to build the Great Wall. Meng Jiangnu heard nothing from him after his departure, so she set out to look for him. Unfortunately, by the time she reached the great wall, she discovered that her husband had already died. Hearing the bad news, she cried her heart out. Her howl caused the collapse of a part of the Great Wall. This story indicates that the Great Wall is the production of tens of thousands of Chinese commoners. Another legend about the Jiayuguan Pass tells of a workman named Yi Kaizhan in the Ming Dynasty (1368BC-1644BC) who was proficient in arithmetic. He calculated that it would need 99,999 bricks to build the Jiayuguan Pass. The supervisor did not believe him and said if they miscalculated by even one brick, then all the workmen would be punished to do hard work for three years. After the completion of the project, one brick was left behind the Xiwong city gate. The supervisor was happy at the sight of the brick and ready to punish them. However Yi Kaizhan said with deliberation that the brick was put there by a supernatural being to fix the wall. A tiny move would cause the collapse of the wall. Therefore the brick was kept there and never moved. It can still be found there today on the tower of the Jiayuguan Pass. In addition to the above-mentioned stories about the construction of the Great Wall, there are also plenty of stories about current scenic spots. A famous one is the legend of the Beacon Tower. This story happened during the Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC-711 BC). King You had a queen named Bao Si, who was very pretty. King You liked her very much, however Bao Si never smiled. An official gave a suggestion that setting the beacon tower on fire would frighten the King's subjects, and might make the queen smile. King You liked the idea. The subjects were fooled and Bao Si smiled at the sight of the chaos. Later enemies invaded Western Zhou, King You set the beacon tower on fire to ask for help. No subjects came to help because they had been fooled once before. Thus, King Zhou was killed by the enemy and Western Zhou came to an end. Beautiful stories and legends about the Great Wall help to keep alive Chinese history and culture. In each dynasty after the building of the Great Wall, many more stories were created and spread. 历史 No one can tell precisely when the building of the Great Wall was started but it is popularly believed that it originated as a military fortification against intrusion by tribes on the borders during the earlier Zhou Dynasty. Late in the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC), the ducal states extended the defence work and built "great" structures to prevent the attacks from other states. It was not until the Qin Dynasty that the separate walls, constructed by the states of Qin, Yan and Zhao kingdoms, were connected to form a defensive system on the northern border of the country by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (also called Qin Shi Huangdi by westerners or the First Emperor). After the emperor unified the country in 214 BC, he ordered the construction of the wall. It took about ten years to finish and the wall stretched from Linzhao (in the eastern part of today's Gansu Province) in the west to Liaodong (in today's Jilin Province) in the east. The wall not only served as a defence in the north but also symbolized the power of the emperor. From the Qin Dynasty onwards, Xiongnu, an ancient tribe that lived in North China, frequently harassed the northern border of the country. During the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu (Han Wu Di), sent three expeditions to fight against the Xiongnu in 127 BC, 121 BC and 119 BC. The Xiongnu were driven into the far north of the Gobi. To maintain the safety of the Hexi Corridor (today's Gansu Province), the emperor ordered the extension of the Great Wall westward into the Hexi Corridor and Xinjiang region. The ruins of the beacon towers and debris of the Han Wall are still discernible in Dunhuang, Yumen and Yangguan. A recent report shows that ruins of the Han Wall have been discovered near Lopnur in China's Xinjiang region. Further construction and extensions were made in the successive Northern Wei, Northern Qi and Sui dynasties. The present Great Wall in Beijing is mainly remains from the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). During this period, bricks and granite were used when the workers laid the foundation of the wall and sophisticated designs and passes were built in the places of strategic importance. To strengthen the military control of the northern frontiers, the Ming authorities divided the Great Wall into nine zones and placed each under the control of a Zhen (garrison headquarters). The Ming Wall starts from Yalujiang River (in today's Heilongjiang Province), via today's Liaoning, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia provinces, to Guansu. The total length reaches 12,700 li (over 5,000 kilometers). The Shanhaiguan Pass and the Jiayuguan Pass are two well-preserved passes at either end. Today, the Wall has become a must-see for every visitor to China. Few can help saying 'Wow!' when they stand on top of a beacon tower and look at this giant dragon. For centuries, the wall served succeeding dynasties as an efficient military defence. However, it was only when a dynasty had weakened from within that invaders from the north were able to advance and conquer. Both the Mongols (Yuan Dynasty, 1271-1368) and the Manchurians (Qing Dynasty, 1644-1911) were able take power because of weakness of the government and poverty of the people but never due to any possibility of weakness of the Wall.或者The Great Wall was first built in the Spring and Autumn Period and it have a history over years. The Great Wall, that is called “the ten-thousand-li Great Wall”, is actually more than 6000 kilometers long, 6-7 meters high and 4-5 meters wide. Every a few hundred meters along the Great Wall there are watchtowers. We Chinese are proud of in the Great wall because it is one of the wonders in the world and it stands for China.. Today the Great Wall becomes a famous place of interest in the world. Every year, hundreds of thousands of people, not only from China from also all over the world, come to visit it.
京剧的
Beijing Opera, say again "PiHuang", from "XiPi" and "
TLC identification method for erhuang are two basic accent its component
music material and sing some small places tunes (such as LiuZi cavity, ChuiQiang etc) and kunqu aims.
more than 200 years of history. In addition, "Beijing Opera" is a network with "terror term, meaning".
China's calligraphy is an ancient art and develops with the development of Chinese civilization. It has a long and profound scripts are generally divided into five categories: The seal character (zhuan), the official or clerical script (li).
the regular script (kai), the running hand (xing) and the cursive hand (cao).Brush, paper, ink stick and ink stone, commonly referred to as the "Four Treasures of the Study". If you want to have a good hand-writing, you must master these four tools well.
ArtsMain article: Chinese art Chinese art has varied throughout its ancient history, divided into periods by the ruling dynasties of China and changing technology, as well as influenced by great philosophers, teachers and religion. Early forms of art in China were made from pottery and jade in the Neolithic period, to which was added bronze in the Shang Dynasty. The Shang are most remembered for their bronze casting, noted for its clarity of detail. Early Chinese music and poetry was influenced by the Book of Songs, Confucius and the Chinese poet and statesman Qu Yuan. Early Chinese music was based on percussion instruments, which later gave away to string and reed early imperial China, porcelain was introduced and was refined to the point that in English the word China has become synonymous with high-quality porcelain. Around the 1st century AD, Buddhism arrived in China, though it did not become popular until the 4th century. At this point, Chinese Buddhist art began to flourish, a process which continued through the 8th century. Around this period, several well-known Chinese poets influenced Chinese poetry, which included Cao Cao and his sons and Tao Qian. It was during the period of Imperial China that calligraphy and painting became highly appreciated arts in court circles, with a great deal of work done on silk until well after the invention of architecture and sculpture thrived in the Sui and Tang dynasties, and the Tang dynasty was particularly open to foreign influence. Buddhist sculpture returned to a classical form, inspired by Indian art of the Gupta period. Toward the end of the Tang dynasty, all foreign religions were outlawed to support Taoism. Also during this period, Chinese poetry thrived and the Tang is considered the "Golden age" of Chinese poetry. In this period, the greatest Chinese poets, Li Po and Du Fu composed their poems. Late Tang poetry was marked by the influence of two poets, Li Shangyin and Li Yu, the latter of whom introduced the stanza form. Painting from the Tang dynasty period mainly consisted of landscape that was to grasp emotion or atmosphere to catch the "rhythm of nature." Also in the Tang dynasty, Chinese opera was the Song dynasty, poetry was marked by a lyric poetry known as Ci which expressed feelings of desire, often in an adopted persona. Also in the Song dynasty, paintings of more subtle expression of landscapes appeared, with blurred outlines and mountain contours which conveyed distance through an impressionistic treatment of natural phenomena. It was during this period that in painting, emphasis was placed on spiritual rather than emotional elements, as in the previous period. In the Yuan dynasty, painting by the Chinese painter Zhao Mengfu influenced modern Chinese landscape painting, while Yuan dynasty opera became a variant of Chinese opera which continues today as Cantonese imperial China was marked by two specific dynasties: Ming and Qing. Of Ming Dynasty poetry, Gao Qi was acknowledged as the greatest poet of the era. Artwork in the Ming dynasty perfected color painting and color printing, with a wider color range and busier compositions than Song paintings. In the Qing dynasty, Beijing opera was introduced; it is considered the best-known form of Chinese opera. Qing poetry was marked by a poet named Yuan Mei whose poetry has been described as having "unusually clear and elegant language" and who stressed the importance of personal feeling and technical Chinese art was heavily influenced by the New Culture Movement, which adopted Western techniques, introduced oil painting and employed socialist realism. Twentieth-century Chinese poetry was also influenced by the Cultural Revolution but several poets attempted to resist the Cultural Revolution by incorporating pro-democratic themes. Contemporary Chinese artists continue to produce a wide range of experimental works, multimedia installations, and performance "happenings" which have become very popular in the international art market.[Main article: Chinese architecture Mix of old and new at Jing'an Temple in downtown architecture, examples of which can be found over 2,000 years ago, has long been a landmark of Chinese culture. There are certain features common to Chinese architecture, regardless of specific region or most important is its emphasis on the horizontal. In contrast to Western architecture, which tends to grow in height and in depth, Chinese architecture stresses on the width of the buildings. The halls and palaces in the Forbidden City, for example, have rather low ceilings when compared to equivalent stately buildings in the West, but their external appearances suggest the all-embracing nature of imperial China. This of course does not apply to pagodas, which in any case are relatively important feature is its emphasis on symmetry, which connotes a sense of grandeur; this applies to everything from palaces to farmhouses. One notable exception is in the design of gardens, which tends to be as asymmetrical as possible. Like Chinese scroll paintings, the principle underlying the garden's composition is to create enduring flow, to let the patron wander and enjoy the garden without prescription, as in nature shui designed architecture plays an important role in Chinese Culture. For example, Paifang is a Feng Shui designed gate of China and ceramic waresChinese porcelain - Porcelain - Potter's wheel - Glazes]CinemaMain article: Cinema of China For many years Hong Kong has been a center of filmmaking. Traditionally, the majority of films made centered around the common themes of martial arts (Wu-xia films), organized crime (in particular Triads), and other traditionally Chinese themes. While these films were always popular in the domestic Hong Kong market, they were also popular around the globe, and especially in the United States. This reached its zenith in the 1970s, when martial arts films were very popular in the United States. Now, in the 2000s, Asian-made films seem to be having a resurgence in popularity abroad. In recent years Mainland China has also become a hotbed of filmmaking with such films as Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Hero, and House of Flying Daggers being popular not only in China but around the world. American filmmaker Quentin Tarantino plans to shoot his next film, a traditional Wu-Xia movie, in China and have its dialogue in Mandarin genre of films that become better known internationally is those depicting the exotic past of Hong Kong as a colonial city and of China with remarkable traditional symbols, notably under the directors Wong Kar-wai (Mandarin: Wang Jia-Wei) and Zhang Yimou. However, some critics argue that both directors distorted the history so as to make the depiction more of Dragon Throne used by the Qianlong Emperor of China, Forbidden City, Qing Dynasty. Artifact circulating in US museums on loan from Beijing[edit]DanceMain articles: dragon dance MusicMain article: Music of China ]OperaMain article: Chinese Language and literatureChinese astrology - Chinese calendar - Chinese classic texts - Chinese constellation - Chinese dragon - Chinese mythology - Chinese New Year - Chinese philosophy - Confucianism - Confucius - Eastern philosophy - Five elements - Futs-Lung - I Ching - Qilin - Lao Zi - Listing of noted Confucianists - Listing of noted Taoists - Lung - Lunisolar calendar - Mohism - Qi - Taoism - Yin Yang - Zhang San Feng]LanguageMain articles: Chinese language, Languages of China The majority of people in China speak one form or another of the Chinese language. In addition to their native local dialect, nearly all can speak Standard Mandarin. There has been ongoing debate as to whether "Chinese" is actually a defined "language" or in fact a family of many languages. The fact this debate exists is not only for political and unity reasons, but also partly due to the fact that written Chinese is a common standard throughtout China. For example a person who only speaks their local dialect is able to communicate with another person from a different area by using written Chinese. Although this written Chinese is itself based on one variety of spoken Chinese; Standard Mandarin or putonghua/guoyu. The written script across China is largely unified, and is the last of its kind that survives as a major language in the contemporary world. It is said, somewhat correctly, that Suzhou people cannot understand Shanghainese, despite them being less than 200km away from each other. This situation could be compared to the difference between French and character - Chinese numerals - Chinese written language - Classical Chinese - List of Chinese dialects - Pinyin - Zhuyin]LiteratureWikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Chinese proverbsMain article: Chinese literatureChinese classic texts - Chinese poetry - List of Chinese language poetsClothingChina's clothing varies by region, ethnic background, and economic situations. Contemporary urban clothing seemed to have developed an obsession with brand names (Giordano being one of the generic ones). In major urban centres, especially Shanghai, an increased western look is preferred, and there is an emphasis on formal wear over casual wear for adults on the streets. Teenagers prefer brand names. Children usually wear clothes that have a cartoon Chinese clothing - Qipao - Ming official headwear - Manchu official headwear - Mandarin squareContemporary Culture of ChinaEspecially beginning in the late 1980's and early 1990's, China became exposed to more western elements, notably pop culture. American cinema is very popular in China. Young people tend to gather late at night at bars and nightclubs. The obsession with brand names is becoming more apparent by the day, and teen slang is incorporating more and more western language article: Chinese cuisine American Chinese cuisine - Boba milk tea - Cantonese cuisine - Cardamom - Chinese Buddhist cuisine - Chinese food therapy - Chinese Islamic cuisine - Chiuchow cuisine - Chopsticks - Chop suey - Dim sum - Double steaming - Fingerroot - Five-spice powder - Fortune cookie - Ginger root - Hakka cuisine - Hot salt frying - Hot sand frying - Hunan cuisine - Longan - Lychee - Mandarin cuisine - Monosodium glutamate - Shanghai cuisine - Soy sauce - Stir frying - Szechuan cuisine - Szechuan pepper - Taiwanese cuisine - Tofu - Wok
Wine is an alcoholic beverage made of fermented grape juice.[1] The natural chemical balance of grapes is such that they can ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes or other nutrients.[2] Wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast which consume the sugars found in the grapes and convert them into alcohol. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are used depending on the types of wine being produced.[3]Although other fruits such as apples and berries can also be fermented, the resultant wines are normally named after the fruit from which they are produced (for example, apple wine or elderberry wine) and are generically known as fruit wine or country wine (not to be confused with the French term vin du pays). Others, such as barley wine and rice wine (. sake), are made from starch-based materials and resemble beer and spirit more than wine, while ginger wine is fortified with brandy. In these cases, the use of the term "wine" is a reference to the higher alcohol content, rather than production process.[4] The commercial use of the English word "wine" (and its equivalent in other languages) is protected by law in many jurisdictions.[5]Wine has a rich history dating back to around 6000 BC and is thought to have originated in areas now within the borders of Georgia and Iran.[6][7] Wine probably appeared in Europe at about 4500 BC in what is now Bulgaria and Greece, and was very common in ancient Greece, Thrace and Rome. Wine has also played an important role in religion throughout history. The Greek god Dionysos and the Roman equivalent Bacchus represented wine, and the drink is also used in Christian and Jewish ceremonies such as the Eucharist and word "wine" derives from the Proto-Germanic "*winam," an early borrowing from the Latin vinum, "wine" or "(grape) vine," itself derived from the Proto-Indo-European stem *win-o- (cf. Hittite: wiyana ,Lycian: Oino, Ancient Greek οῖνος - oînos, Aeolic Greek ϝοίνος - woinos).[8][9] Similar words for wine or grapes are found in the Semitic languages (cf. Arabic ﻭﻳﻦ wayn) and in Georgian (ğvino); some consider the term to be a wanderwort, or "wandering word".[10]Contents [hide]1 History 2 Grape varieties 3 Classification Europe classification Outside of Europe 4 Vintages 5 Tasting 6 Collecting 7 Production Exporting countries 8 Uses Religious uses 9 Health effects 10 Packaging 11 Storage 12 Film and television 13 See also 14 References 15 Further reading 16 External links pls contact me for the url,which is banned on baidu.
可以去中国期刊全文数据库 找找
1.关键词规范关键词是反映论文主题概念的词或词组，通常以与正文不同的字体字号编排在摘要下方。一般每篇可选3~8个，多个关键词之间用分号分隔，按词条的外延(概念范围)层次从大到小排列。关键词一般是名词性的词或词组，个别情况下也有动词性的词或词组。应标注与中文关键词对应的英文关键词。编排上中文在前，外文在后。中文关键词前以“关键词：”或“[关键词]”作为标识;英文关键词前以“Key words：”作为标识。关键词应尽量从国家标准《汉语主题词表》中选用;未被词表收录的新学科、新技术中的重要术语和地区、人物、文献等名称，也可作为关键词标注。关键词应采用能覆盖论文主要内容的通用技术词条。2.选择关键词的方法关键词的一般选择方法是：由作者在完成论文写作后，从其题名、层次标题和正文(出现频率较高且比较关键的词)中选出来。论文正文要点⑴引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义，并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2)论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：a.提出问题-论点;b.分析问题-论据和论证;c.解决问题-论证方法与步骤;d.结论。为了做到层次分明、脉络清晰，常常将正文部分分成几个大的段落。这些段落即所谓逻辑段，一个逻辑段可包含几个小逻辑段，一个小逻辑段可包含一个或几个自然段，使正文形成若干层次。论文的层次不宜过多，一般不超过五级。
Chinese Drinking Culture
写作思路：首先可以开篇点题，直接给出文章的主旨，接着表达自己的想法以及观点，用举例子的方式来进行阐述论证自己的看法，中心要明确等等。
一、开设中国传统文化课程的意义
古巴比伦、古埃及、古印度和中国是国际上认可度较高的四大文明古国，形成了人类最早时期的文明。追溯中国历史，至今已有5000年文化积淀，文字从甲骨文、金文、小篆、隶书、草书、楷书、行书经过了多种字体的演变，并由此将中国最具代表性的文化传承了下来。
作为中华儿女，我们不仅要以中国传统文化引以自豪，而且要从中汲取传统文化精髓和智慧，将中华文化发扬光大。
二、中国传统文化课程在汉语言文学专业的地位
汉语言文学是一门古老的、综合性的学科，也是文史类和师范类院校必开的一门课程，目的是让广大莘莘学子了解中国优秀的、传统的、悠久的古老文化，将这种文明与思想继承下去，影响更多的人。
然而，中国传统文化作为汉语言文学专业的基础课程，广义上来讲，中国的文艺理论和汉语言文学都属于中国传统文化的范畴。各种形态的文学思想皆与中国文化中的儒家、道家、佛教、玄学等古代哲学密不可分，构成了中国最丰富的古代文化组成部分。
学习中国传统文化课程有助于帮助学生更全面地了解中国古代整体文化，对学习中国古汉字、音乐、舞蹈、宗教等文化具有一定帮助。
三、汉语言文学专业中国传统文化课程的教材建设
汉语言文学是我国高校开设最早的课程之一，该专业注重学生文学修养、文学鉴赏、古文阅读等各方面能力的培养，课程的开设与中国社会变革是联系在一起的。随着90年代全民经商大潮的兴起，文坛上百花齐放的局面一去不复返，文学的表现形式越来越少，90后一代更热衷于现代西方文化，普及和推广中国传统文化势在必行。
四、汉语言文学专业中国传统文化课程的教学方式探讨
中国传统文化课程虽讲述的是古典文化和艺术，着重培养学生的人文素质，但在教学过程中并不影响教师采用高新技术，开展多媒体教学，集文字、图形、视频、声音于一体的方式还原当时历史时期的场景，激发学生对传统文学的兴趣，使学生通过影像更直观地了解中国古代艺术、教育、佛学等文化。
除此以外，通过实地考察和开设孔子学院，也能够更好地推广和普及中国几千年的传统文化。
汉语言文学是古老而又具有系统性的一门学科，重点是培养学生的人文修养、文学鉴赏、古文阅读等能力，为社会培养出一批通晓中国古今文化的文坛之士。
两汉时期的经学、隋唐时期的佛学、宋明时期的理学、清明时期的朴学及近代民主思想等乃是中华传统文化的精髓。通过全面的学习，能够培养学生的人文素质，使学生身为中华儿女感到自豪。
新时代的大学生同时肩负着巨大的历史任务，可利用多媒体或互联网工具，将中国悠久且古老的文化传播到世界各地。
茶原本不是姓茶，是姓荼、姓槚，是神农尝百草而得之，故先为药用。经过多少人的演化、改进，去粗取精，终于形成了茶。中国唐朝是茶文化的发端，期间不但有陆羽的《茶经》问世和禅宗"吃茶去"公案的诞生，中国茶还漂洋过海到达日本，这也为以后日本茶道的演进和发展奠定了基础。 "茶兴于唐而盛于宋"，这种说法可能和风行宋朝的"斗茶"有关，除此之外，在宋徽宗赵佶的《大观茶论》，也记载着宋代对茶之产地、茶季、采茶、蒸压、制造、品质鉴评等发展情况。 在公元4-5世纪，中国茶最早传到了朝鲜（古高丽国）。到了明代嘉靖年间，中国茶文化知识开始在欧洲传播，这在威尼斯作家拉摩晓写就的一本《中国茶摘记》里有详尽的说明。明代万历年间，中国茶开始传入沙俄。明崇祯年间，英国威特斯船长专程率船从中国购买茶叶。到了清代顺治年间，中国茶开始传入到德国。十九世纪末期，中国茶叶、茶树、茶种又先后传入了印度尼西亚、印度、锡兰、乌干达、马来西亚等国……中国古代茶文化之花可谓遍地开放，在世界各地显示出不同的文化风采。于是中国这朵民族文化的奇葩一变成为世界的了，及至今日，这个世界已经变成了没有不饮茶的国家，没有不饮茶的民族"了。 中国茶文化的关键不在于茶叶的本身，而在于茶文化的内涵上。从茶文化的内涵上来看，其"精神"层面上的东西最为重要，它是一种行为文化和心态文化，属于精神文明的范畴，将饮茶与人生处世哲学相结合，上升至哲理高度，"茶是人生"便由此而发，若再品出更深的境界，就成了"吃茶去"公案的禅宗开示以及茶道的精神之源。茶文化由于有了中国儒、释、道思想的加盟，形成了茶礼、茶德、茶道、茶艺等等，这就是中国茶文化的核心部分。但是它又不是完全脱?quot;物质文明"的文化，而是两者相结合。先前，中国老百姓不太注重茶文化，因为每天要饮茶，方知青、红、黄、绿茶之类，这多半是和自己的饮茶习惯有关。但是，真正喜爱和关心茶文化的人，并不注重茶类之分，茶品之分。茶类、茶品他们早已烂熟于心中了。比如龙井、碧螺春、铁观音、君山银针、毛尖、毛峰、云雾等，谁人不知？而是注重着这些茶的"味"外之音--感兴着一种民族的审美趣尚，浸润着一派清雅的文化氛围，涵养着一个廉净的精神境界，充溢着一缕优美茵蕴诗意，提升着一种道德的精神素质。所以我说，茶文化精神层面上的一切是关键。在这一点上，日本的茶道体现的较为深刻。 星换斗移，时移势迁，人们常说的"三十年河东、三十年河西"，我认为是适用于宇宙间万事万物，茶文化何能例外！在举世审美价值、审美标准、审美观念剧变的情况下，青年人首当其冲。中国的美食甲天下，然而抵挡不住麦当劳、肯德基等等的冲击，茶不也难逃可口可乐、百事可乐、星巴克咖啡等洋饮料的夹击吗？遑论茶文化！令人难过的是，时下一些"酒文化"、"咖啡文化"、"可乐文化"等这些不在精神文明范畴的亚文化，倒是充塞在各种媒体的时尚版块中大放异彩，真叫人看不懂了。振兴中国茶文化的呼声已经响起了许多年，然而，一直到今天，却收效甚微，有识之士，憬然忧之。我想，现在国内寥寥可数的几本茶刊，如上海的《茶报》杂志、杭州的《茶博览》杂志、广州的《茶文化》杂志等且都是内部刊物，流通范围太小。唯江西的《中国茶文化》号虽为公开发行，但也只能将就在《农业考古》编辑部的名下。这不能不说是中国茶文化刊物的悲哀，但无论怎样讲，这些办刊之人毕竟是弘扬中国茶文化的领头羊，他们真是劳苦功高，让读者能深刻而又具体的感悟中国茶文化的博大精深，茶文化中有许多细致的情况，圈外人是难以知识的，通过这些刊物，大大地开阔了我们的眼界，我想读者对此会十分感激的。 这样能不能就振兴和弘扬中华茶
浅说中国文化若说中国文化，只怕要从远古时期说起。但这一时期，一来离我们太远，二来我也不太清楚，便从封建时期说起。许多讨论或研究中国文化的学者都承认一桩事实：中国文化的基调是倾向于人间的，是关心人生，参与人生，反映人生的。我们的圣贤才智，历代著述，大多围绕一个主题，即治乱兴废与世道人心。无论是春秋战国的诸子哲学，汉魏各家的传经事业，韩欧柳苏的道德文章，程朱陆王的心性义理；无论是先民传唱的诗歌、戏曲，还是村里平淡的快板、小说，皆洋溢着强烈的平民特性，以及那无所不备的人伦大爱，同对平凡的留心与尊敬，对于千秋家国的情怀，对苍生万有的期待，激荡交融，缤纷灿烂地构造了平易近人，博大久远的中国文化品格。然而前头还有一个“近代”。任何东西到了近代都很奇怪，文化也不例外。数不尽的冲击难以详述，单挑最惨的一回——五四运动。之前已有“弃旧易新”的新文化运动将传统文化砍杀得飘摇欲坠，随后紧跟着爆发了五四运动，彻底树起了“白话文学”的大旗，文言最后成为一件历史文物躲进史书一隅供人瞻仰。这两次运动大大推动了中国历史的进程，但在文化上却是严重的“左倾”。白话文学固然激发了俚语俗言的活力，提升了大众文学的地位和社会群体的文化参与力，却也设置了与文言文学不可逾越的天堑，几乎削去了对传统文化的继承力。老一辈学子影响尚轻，对于我们其误就越发明显了。以往属于孩童启蒙的“小学”教育，属于读书人必备的经学常识，都在新式教育的推动下，变得无比艰涩与隔阂，特别是近年来，电视、电脑等大众媒体的普遍流通，更造成了一个“畸形文化”当道、社会价值浮动的生活形态，使我们在现代化的整体架构上模糊了着力的点，漫漶了精神的面，却易于目迷五色地跌入学者所批评的“时尚文化”的辐射圈内，变得中不中，洋不洋。余秋雨在《风雨天一阁》中写道：“只有文化，才能让这么悠远的历史连成缆索，才能让这么庞大的人种产生凝聚，才能让这么广阔的土地长存文明的火种。”此三言一语道破文化的本质作用，可谓精辟。中国文化历时五千载，到底何去何从，便不是我这个毛头小子可以阐述的了。只好双手合十，默然祈祷，了我作为一个炎黄子孙，对母语中文难以割舍的孺慕之情。
儒家思想是中国传统文化的内核，也是维护封建君主专制统治的理论基础。儒家思想、君主专政制度构成了中国古代政治史的两大主体内容。1.儒家思想的形成与发展(1)孔子是儒家学派创始人，他提出“仁”，具有古典人道主义的性质：主张“礼”，维护周礼这是孔子政治思想中的保守部分。儒家文化后来发展成为中国古代正统文化。(2)孟子是战国时期儒家的代表，他主张施行仁政，并提出“民贵君轻”思想;主张“政在得民”，反对苛政;主张给农民一定的土地，不侵犯农民劳动时间，宽刑薄税。(3)西汉的董仲舒以儒学为基础，以阴阳五行为框架，兼采诸子百家，建立起新儒学。其核心是“天人感应”，“君权神授”。他的思想集中于《天人三策》和《春秋繁露》。(4)魏晋之际出现的玄学用老庄思想解释儒家的易经，这是为士族辩护的一种消极思想。《周易》、《老子》、《庄子》称之为“三玄”。玄学主张君主无为、门阀专政，主要活动在洛阳。代表人物有何晏、王弼和竹林七贤。(5)唐朝中期的儒学大师韩愈，从维护封建统治出发，用儒家的天命论和封建纲常来反对佛道的观点。(6)理学是以儒家思想为基础，吸收佛教和道教思想形成的新儒学，是宋代主要的哲学思想。朱熹是理学发展的集大成者，朱熹继承了北宋哲学家程颢、程颐的思想，进一步完善和发展了客观唯心主义的理学体系，后人称之为程朱理学。其核心内容为：“理”是宇宙万物的本源，是第一性的;“气”是构成宇宙万物的材料，是第二性的。把“天理”和“人欲”对立起来，认为人欲是一切罪恶的根源，因此他提出“存天理，灭人欲”。这实际上是为封建等级秩序辩护。(7)明中叶的王阳明反对朱熹把心与理视为两种事物的观点，创立与朱熹相对立的主观唯心主义理论——心学。理学由客观唯心主义向主观唯心主义演变，说明它已经走到极端。2.进步的思想家对传统儒学的批判(1)元朝的邓牧：自称“三教外人”，著书大胆否定封建君主专制统治，其非君思想，对明清进步思想家有一定影响。(2)明朝：李贽是明后期“异端”进步思想家，他指责儒家经典并非“万世之至论”，揭露道学的虚伪，反对歧视妇女和压抑商人。他是我国反封建的思想先驱，他的思想在一定意义上反映了资本主义萌芽时代的要求，带有民主性色彩。(3)清初：①黄宗羲：在明亡后，隐居著述，对封建君主专制制度进行激烈的批判，提倡“法治”反对“人治”，反对重农抑商，他的思想震动了当时的学术界，对晚清民主思潮的兴起也有一定的影响。②顾炎武：明末清初思想家，强调“经世致用”的实际学问。主张把学术研究与解决社会问题结合起来，力图扭转明末不切实际的学风。著《天下郡国利病书》，他提倡“实学”的目的在于批判理学，反对君主专制政治，顾炎武的学风对清代学者影响很大。③王夫之是一位杰出的唯物主义思想家，他认为“气”是物质实体，“理”是客观规律;提出“气者，理之依也”和“天下惟器”的唯物主义观点，朱熹的理学和王阳明的心学，给予批判，他还提出“静即含动，动不舍静”，否定理学家主静的形而上学思想。他用发展观点来看待历史，认为历史发展是有规律的，他提出在政治上要“趋时更新”。王夫之的思想闪烁着革新的光芒。同步导学中国古代对治国思想的选择：史学界认为：自汉武帝至清末，中国统治阶级选择的治国模式是外儒内法而剂之以道。即以儒家文饰政治，以法家支持政治，以道家调剂政治。这种治国模式的形成，在秦汉以前经历了较长时期的选择和探索的过程。在原始社会，生产力水平低下，社会生活原始粗放，民风淳朴，没有私有观念，人人平等相亲，过着一种美好的无忧无虑的生活。在氏族公社和部落联盟事务的管理上享有充分的民主，主要靠部落联盟首领的智慧和美德来教化民众，治理国家的思想处于萌芽状态。在奴隶社会随王位世袭制取代“禅让制”，产生了阶级和国家，统治者一方面制定了宗法等级制度以维护奴隶主阶级的统治，一方面以武力作为统治的后盾。春秋战国时期，中国社会处于奴隶制崩溃封建制确立时期，历史经历着划时代的变革，周王室衰微，诸侯坐大，维护奴隶主宗法等级制度的“周礼”遭到极大破坏，诸侯争霸，社会处于动荡之中。这时候代表各阶级利益的知识分子异常活跃，成为一支重要的社会力量，他们纷纷登上历史舞台，著书立说，提出解决社会现实问题的办法，形成了诸子百家争鸣的繁荣局面。其中影响最大的是儒家、法家、道家，他们各自为新兴的地主阶级设计了一套结束割据，实现统一的治国方案，为秦汉以后的封建社会治国思想的选择奠定了基础。西汉建立之初，由于长期战乱，生产遭到严重破坏，以致人口锐减，农民流亡，经济凋弊，府库空虚。鉴于这种形势与秦之败亡，汉初统治者便采取了“与民休息”的政治，缓和阶级矛盾，发展生产力，以巩固统治。一方面对人民采取“轻徭薄赋”、“奖励耕织”以及缓刑等政策，以恢复生产，发展经济，安定民心;另一方面在当时郡国并行的制度下，对地方诸侯王采取不过多干涉的政策，以巩固封建统治。与这种形势相适应，黄老思想也就得到广泛流行，成为西汉前期起主导地位的治国思想。其核心是清静无为，因循而治。实践证明，完全适应了当时社会的需要，起到了促进生产恢复与发展的作用，并出现了著名的封建盛世“文景之治”。道家“无为而治”的治国之道对中国古代政治有一定的影响。每当大的政治动乱之后，统治阶级为了稳定社会秩序，往往采用道家治国之策，与民休息，以蓄国力，以安民心，以固社稷根基。除汉初以外，唐、宋初年也有相似的做法。西汉武帝在位时期封建国家强盛，这给封建统治稳定创立了前提。为维护大一统的局面，必须建立与之相适应的思想体系。董仲舒吸收了道家、法家等有利于君主统治的成分，对儒学进行了改造，增加了“君权神授”和大一统的思想，这在客观上有利于封建中央集权的加强和国家的巩固，也利于社会的稳定，从此儒家思想逐渐成为封建社会占统治地位的正统思想。纵观两千多年来儒家之所以能独领风骚，一方面是因其思想内核即哲学上的天人观念、伦理上以“仁”为核心的“三纲五常”、政治上的大一统主张，在根本上都有适应了封建专制统治需要的因素。另一方面是因为儒家具有强烈的社会责任感，能够随时代需要的变化而不断改变面目。先秦儒家没有为当时的统治者所接受甚至还遭到了秦始皇毁灭性的打击，这是由先秦儒家初创时自身的理论缺陷导致的。先秦儒学的内容体系充满着浓重的、温柔淳朴的伦理亲情色彩，显得“迂远而阔于事情”。例如，孔子的“仁学”，目的在于通过“正名”恢复“周礼”所代表的时代已一去不复返，所以孔子的思想不会为新兴地主势力所青睐。孟子的“仁政”说，虽已转到新兴地主势力的立场上，但其“仁政”说是建立在“民为贵”、“君为轻”的基础上的，过分突出了小农利益，因而也不会得到统治者的赞赏。历史发展到汉武帝时期，封建国家强盛，这给封建统治稳定创立了前提。为维护大一统的局面，必须建立与之相适应的思想体系，儒学随之有了恢复生机的条件。儒家提倡德政、礼治和人治，强调道德感化;法家提倡“一断于法”，实行法治，强调暴力统治;道家提倡顺乎自然，“无为而治”，三者具有很大的互补性。经过秦、西汉初年的治国实践从正反两个方面证明：在动荡年代，军阀割据，难以用儒家路线实行全国大一统，而法家路线却能收到这样的效果;在动荡结束之初，人口凋弊，生产破坏，应该实行道家无为政治，与民休息，以恢复和发展生产;当国家稳定，走上正常运行轨道之后，不能再实行严刑峻法的暴力统治，而以儒家路线为宜。三者之间表现出了互相融合趋势。到了汉武帝时期，董仲舒以儒家路线为基础，以法家路线为辅助，兼采道家的合理思想，奠定了中国封建社会统治思想的基本格局。从此以后，以儒家伦理道德为中心，以法家的严刑峻法为辅助，以道家权术政治为手段的法国模式基本上符合中国古代的国情，成为历代统治阶级奉行不变的治国圭臬。对汉武帝“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”的认识：西汉前期，封建统治者迫于经济凋弊、民心思治的社会形势，以退为进，奉行黄老之学为统治思想，试图达到无为而治。但随着历史条件的变化，到汉武帝时期开始实行有为政治，统治思想也必然面临新的抉择。汉兴以来，除黄老之学外，儒家思想也一直比较活跃并有所发展，景武之际的董仲舒便是西汉儒学的代表人物。元光元年(前134年)，董仲舒以贤良对策。他在《天人三策》中提出，思想统治，也应遵循“大一统”的“常经通谊”，而“今师异道，人异论，百家殊方，指意不同，是以上亡以持一统”，因此他建议，“诸不在六艺之科孔子之术者，皆绝其道，勿使并进。”董仲舒从理论上阐明尊崇儒学的思想统治原则，受到汉武帝赏识。随后武帝采取一系列措施，从而确立了儒学的统治思想地位。建元五年(前136年)，武帝设置儒学五经博士，同时罢免其他诸子博士，把儒学以外的百家之学排斥出官学，史称“抑黜百家，表彰六经”。元朔五年(前124年)，武帝下诏批董仲舒、公孙弘建议，在长安兴办太学，用儒家经书教育青年子弟，从此儒学成为官办学校的主体内容。武帝改造选官制度，规定博士弟子成绩优异者可任为郎官，吏有通一艺者可选拔担任重要职务，还打破常规起用布衣儒生公孙弘为丞相。这样随着儒学地位的上升，封建政治与儒学密切结合起来，西汉皇帝诏令和廷议中多称引儒家理论，司法过程中以《春秋》义例决狱。武帝时遵循儒家思想，举行封禅、改正朔、修郊祀、定历数等重大礼制活动，初步形成儒家政治的历史传统。需要理解的是武帝这一政策与秦代有很大不同，官学独尊后其它思想学派并未被禁止，所提倡的儒学本身也广泛吸收了法家、阴阳家等各家学说，统一的思想带有一定的综合倾向，因而获得了成功。儒家兴学，把教育、考试与选官结合起来，是武帝的创造，在客观上促成了重视知识、重视教育的社会风尚，儒家思想逐渐渗透到社会各方面，造成了中国传统文化的基本范式。但从本质上看，这仍是一种封建专制主义文化政策。汉武帝运用皇权干预思想学术，抑制了民族思想的自由发展，禁锢了思想界的探索精神，违悖了思想统一于真理的规律，有明显的消极作用。如何正确对待包括儒家思想在内的中国传统文化?对待中国古代传统文化的态度问题，近代以来一直存在着两种对立的思想倾向：一是国粹派，认为中国传统文化一切都好，甚至对二十四孝也不加批判地完全肯定：一是西化派，把中国落后的一切根源归之于文化传统，主张完全抛弃中国的传统文化而全盘西化。这两种观点都是错误的，我们对待传统文化的科学态度和方法应该是古为今用，批判继承。但是如何进行“古为今用，批判继承”呢?我们认为：(1)对哪些在长期历史实践中形成的优秀价值原则，可以转化为时代精神来继承。例如《周易大传》中“天行健，君子以自强不息”的刚健有为精神，《论语》中所提倡的舍生取义、见利思义、见危授命、“三军可夺帅，匹夫不可夺志”的品质，以及“士不可以不弘毅，任重而道远”的历史使命感，《孟子》中提出的“富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈”的独立人格以及“乐以天下，忧以天下”的忧患意识，《春秋公羊传》中强调的天下统一的思想等，都是很容易转化为新的时代的。尤其是强调统一的思想传统，更具有现实意义。(2)对有些内容可抽取其封建性的思想内核，提取其有用的精神因素，使之成为今天新文化建设有用的思想要素。如“民本”思想。从西周初年的“敬天保民”到孟子的“民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻”再到荀子的“君者，舟也;庶人者，水也。水则载舟，水则覆舟”，民本思想构成了中国古代政治思想的重要组成部分。当然古代“民本”的真正内涵，不是也不可能是人民的利益。今天我们剔除其封建内核，则可以从人民当家作主的角度来转化古代的民本思想，将其发展为人民的利益高于一切的社会主义观念。儒家提出“修己安人”、“正心修身”等命题，在建立社会主义市场经济的今天仍具现实意义。今天我们仍需要提倡自身修养和为社会主义而献身的精神。(3)对传统文化中的糟粕，必须否定和抛弃。如“三从四德”的女性观，“天不变道也不变”的自然观，“别尊卑，明贵贱”的封建等级观等。中国传统文化概论论文范文二中华上下五千年，文化源远流长，涉及宗教、教育、书法、思想、音乐、文学等方方面面。自古至今无一人可统一而论，又岂我一凡夫俗子可为之!凡事必有线索或言核心。 五千年来，经济最繁华时莫过于唐朝，军事鼎盛时当属元朝。其主要不分都是封建王朝，他们奉行的是孔子的儒家思想。如罢黜百家，独尊儒学。此时也形成了独特的中华文化精神：刚健有为，自强不息;仁者爱人，修身崇德;贵和尚中，推崇和谐……这些宝贵的文化精神曾经影响了一代又一代的中国人，成为我们生生不息的精神源泉。
中英文都可以刊名称：CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS期刊缩写：CHINESE J CATAL中文名称：催化学报发行国家：中国出版社：Elsevier Science出版社影响因子（IF）：（期刊主页介绍为，中国科学技术信息研究）期刊主页：简介： ISSN: 0253-9837，本刊开辟有研究快讯、研究论文和综述等栏目。内容主要包括多相催化、均相络合催化、生物催化、光催化、电催化、表面化学、催化动力学以及有关边缘学科的理论和应用的研究成果。 根据美国汤森路透(Thomson Reuters)2012年6月29日公布的2011年度《期刊引证报告》(Journal Citation Reports, JCR),《催化学报》2011年SCI影响因子首次突破, 达到, 总被引频次为1529, 5年影响因子为. 其中, 影响因子和5年影响因子均位居SCI收录的中文化学类期刊第1名, 也是历年来我国中文化学类期刊SCI影响因子的最高值. 这表明,《催化学报》正在被越来越多的国内外同行阅读和参考, 该刊在国际学术交流中的作用进一步提高. 《催化学报》取得的成绩离不开广大作者、审稿专家和读者多年来的大力支持和帮助,在此向您表示衷心感谢!英文文章为选择部分高质量的中文稿要求作者翻译，在爱思维尔出版社的网上刊出，内容跟中文版一样。目的是提高催化学报的国际影响力。2006年本刊与Elsevier合作在ScienceDirect网络平台上出版《催化学报》英文电子版期刊《Chinese Journal of Catalysis》. 旨在促进国内外催化领域的学术交流,进一步扩大中国催化研究在国际上的影响力. 该英文版期刊与中文版期刊同步出版,其文章由本刊编委会从中文版中挑选并由作者进行翻译. 英文版期刊中文章的引用信息与中文版期刊中的同一篇文章完全相同.
在中国有些比较好的杂志是直接EI或者SCI送检的，只要是被此杂志录用的文章，最终会被EI、SCI数据库收录。这只个数据库不是发表文章的地，发表的就去* 品 优 刊。
可以登录ei 中国网站查询最新的收录名录，2013年删除了好多期刊，包括大连理工大学学报等好几个大学学报都给取消收录了，同时也新增了一些收录，比如长安大学学报（自然科学版）
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS《中国化学快报》（英文版）是SCI收录 中文的化学期刊这些是SCI收录，楼主可核实一下。ACTA CHIMICA SINICA《化学学报》（中文版）CHEMICAL JOURNAL OF CHINESE UNIVERSITIES-CHINESE《高等学校化学学报》（中文版）CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY《中国化学》（英文版）ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA《物理化学学报》（中文版）)CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN CHINESE UNIVERSITIES《高等学校化学研究》（英文版）CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS《中国化学快报》（英文版）CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY《分析化学》（中文版）CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS《催化学报》（中文版）CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING《中国化学工程学报》（英文版）
《中国化学工程学报》杂志是中国化工学会主办的学术刊物，主要刊登化学工程、化学工艺、化工机械等方面的学术论文和评述。1956年中国化工学会筹备委员会成立后，即于1957年正式编辑出版《中国化学工程学报》，半年刊，至1960年暂停，共计出版8期。按年份编排，不列卷号。1965年改为季刊,至1966年下半年停刊，共计出版6期。1979年下半年复刊,季刊。在全世界公开发行。1982年9月起,出版英文本《化工学报选辑》，为不定期期刊，1986年改为《化工学报》英文版，半年刊，列卷号。
中文的是EI，英文版的是SCIE
Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering中国化学工程学报(英文版） Journal of Environmental Sciences环境科学学报(英文版） Science China Life Sciences中国科学 生命科学(英文版） Biomedical and Environmental Sciences生物医学与环境科学(英文版) Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)金属学报(英文版)