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毕业论文英文摘要英

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毕业论文英文摘要英

总纲毕业论文,是大学本科教学的最后一个环节。是对整个大学阶段学习的回顾与总结,是学生综合能力的体现,也是对学生的一次语言及相关科学研究的一次基本训练,因此,要求学生以高度认真负责的态度对待此项工作。做好毕业论文的指导工作是整个大学教学和教育的重要和必要内容,也是理论教学的重要组成部分。每一位教师都要以高度的社会责任感和敬业精神投入到此项工作中去,指导学生顺利完成毕业论文任务。二、毕业论文的阶段及要求论文工作主要分以下几个阶段:准备(资料的收集与整理、阅读文献)、撰写提纲、第一稿、第二稿、第三稿、定稿与答辩。(一)准备:学生可以自由选择研究范围(语言、文学、文化、社会问题、应用英语、经济、贸易、科技、社会生活等),但要在教师的指导下对研究对象进行资料的收集整理和分析来确定毕业论文题目。(二)撰写提纲:学生在指导教师的指导下分析和研究所采集的资料的基础上,撰写毕业论文提纲。同时也要求每一位指导教师在学生形成毕业论文提纲前一定要与每位被指导的学生进行讨论,毕业论文提纲应尽量做到全面缜密,理顺所要论述内容,避免以后反复修改。(三)第一稿:要求学生必须严格按照指导教师审定后的毕业论文提纲进行写作,不可自行其是,随意更换主题。第一稿完成以后,指导教师主要检查学生是否按照既定的提纲和思想在写作,及时发现问题及时纠正。如学生采取不认真的态度,指导教师应对其提出严肃的批评教育,拒不接受者,指导教师有权提出相应的处理意见,或交学院毕业论文工作小组处理。如果指导教师不认真指导,随意放学生过关,以后阶段出现的问题由该教师本人负责。(四)第二稿:要求学生不仅要继续补充第一稿之不足,同时要求在表达上要有所提高。在接到第二稿以后,指导教师阅读后应指出存在的问题,以便学生及时改正。(五)第三稿:要求学生在文风、文章格式、修辞等方面有所提高。指导教师要对第三稿进行全面的审阅,并提出修改意见,以保证定稿打印时所有的错误和疏漏都得到更正,错误率控制在规定范围内。同时,教师还要提醒学生在打印前再校对,以保证尽可能地将正确的版本打印出来。(六)毕业论文答辩:毕业论文的答辩是毕业论文工作的最后阶段,要求学生予以充分的准备和重视。论文答辩前,学生们必须充分熟悉论文,答辩时,要求学生能脱稿进行5~10分钟的毕业论文内容的陈述,并流利、准确地回答答辩委员提出的问题。在答辩过程中,参加答辩的教师要对答辩人的语言技能(语音、语法、词汇、语用)、口笔头能力、论文内容和答辩的表现进行认真纪录,客观公正地评分。二、毕业论文的内容:毕业论文的内容可以涉及语言知识、与语言有关的问题(如,语言教学、文化等)和相关专业的知识和内容(如经济、贸易、管理、市场营销等)。其他内容,须经论文审题小组集体审定。学生有选择的论文内容的自由,指导教师可以提出建议,但不能代替学生做出决定。论文内容要能反映社会和时代特征,具有理论价值或实践意义,有新颖性。论文可以对某个理论问题的探讨,也可以是实践问题的解决。论文不仅要反映学生的综合能力,而且要反映他们对相关问题的较为正确的论述,要有一定的独立见解。论文必须做到主题明确、论据清晰、内容具体而充实,切忌空谈。写翻译的论文,除实例分析外,还要提供原文的译文,以便弄清译论的依据。如果论文是实践性的,它必须提出一定的解决途径、方案。三、毕业论文的评审:指导教师在对论文评定成绩时,要参照学生的学习成绩、平时表现出的语言水平和专业八级考试的成绩,以正确衡量学生真实的语言和认识水平。指导教师对学生的毕业论文成绩提出异议,如不被采纳,可提交学院毕业论文工作小组商议和仲裁。指导教师如发现学生的毕业论文有抄袭现象,应及时向学生指出,学生若不接受批评,指导教师应提交到学院毕业论文工作小组处理,严重者取消论文资格。指导教师应杜绝送分的做法,也不可因个人原因影响对学生论文评价的客观性和公正性。四、论文的格式:论文的规格:正文长度5,500—8,500单词。使用的语言:英语论文分题目、引言、正文、参考文献、致谢等部分。引文要注明出处。直接引用要加引号,间接引文要以转述的方式出现。然后以括号把引文来源写清楚:(作者名,年份,引文所在页码)论文正文部分:1、题目大写,三号字,新时代罗马字,大写下面可写一个附标题,4号字;2、作者名,5号字,班级,学号3、指导教师名,5号字,职称4、摘要:用300词,5号字,英文一页,中文一页5、关键词:不能用专有名词,词与词之间空四格(或一个Tab键),不加标点符号6、正文:用5号字,大部分标题用5号字黑体、小部分、小小部分。大部分用罗马字,小不分用一般数字符号:言:引入正题,不超过2段.…

毕业论文中英文摘要的主要内容

转眼间大学生活即将结束,大学毕业前都要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式,那么你有了解过毕业论文吗?以下是我为大家收集的毕业论文中英文摘要的主要内容,希望能够帮助到大家。

1.摘要的作用

摘要也就是内容提要,是论文中不可缺少的一部分。论文摘要是一篇具有独立性的短文,有其特别的地方。它是建立在对论文进行总结的基础之上,用简单、明确、易懂、精辟的语言对全文内容加以概括,留主干去枝叶,提取论文的主要信息。作者的观点、论文的主要内容、研究成果、独到的见解,这些都应该在摘要中体现出来。好的摘要便于索引与查找,易于收录到大型资料库中并为他人提供信息。因此摘要在资料交流方面承担着至关重要的作用。

2.书写摘要的基本规范和原则

(1)论文摘要分为中文摘要和外文(一般为英文)摘要。摘要在篇幅方面的限定,不同的学校和机构有不同的要求,通常中文摘要不超过300字,英文摘要不超过250个实词,中英文摘要应一致。毕业论文摘要可适当增加篇幅。

(2)多向指导教师请教,并根据提供的意见及时修改,以期达到更高水平。

(3)摘要是完整的短文,具有独立性,可以单独使用。即使不看论文全文的内容,仍然可以理解论文的主要内容、作者的新观点和想法、课题所要实现的目的、采取的方法、研究的结果与结论。

(4)叙述完整,突出逻辑性,短文结构要合理。

(5)要求文字简明扼要,不容赘言,提取重要内容,不含前言、背景等细节部分,去掉旧结论、原始数据,不加评论和注释。采用直接表述的方法,删除不必要的文学修饰。摘要中不应包括作者将来的计划以及与此课题无关的内容,做到用最少的文字提供最大的信息量。

(6)摘要中不使用特殊字符,也不使用图表和化学结构式,以及由特殊字符组成的数学表达式,不列举例证。

3.摘要的四要素

目的、方法、结果和结论称为摘要的四要素。

(1)目的:指出研究的范围、目的、重要性、任务和前提条件,不是主题的简单重复。

(2)方法:简述课题的工作流程,研究了哪些主要内容,在这个过程中都做了哪些工作,包括对象、原理、条件、程序、手段等。

(3)结果:陈述研究之后重要的新发现、新成果及价值,包括通过调研、实验、观察取得的数据和结果,并剖析其不理想的局限部分。

(4)结论:通过对这个课题的研究所得出的重要结论,包括从中取得证实的正确观点,进行分析研究,比较预测其在实际生活中运用的意义,理论与实际相结合的价值。

4.撰写步骤

摘要作为一种特殊的陈述性短文,书写的步骤也与普通类型的文章有所不同。摘要的写作时间通常在论文的完成之后,但也可以采用提早写的方式,然后再边写论文边修改摘要。首先,从摘要的四要素出发,通读论文全文,仔细将文中的重要内容一一列出,特别是每段的主题句和论文结尾的归纳总结,保留梗概与精华部分,提取用于编写摘要的关键信息。然后,看这些信息能否完全、准确的回答摘要的四要素所涉及的问题,并要求语句精炼。若不足以回答这些问题,则重新阅读论文,摘录相应的内容进行补充。最后,将这些零散信息,组成符合语法规则和逻辑规则的完整句子,再进一步组成通畅的短文,通读此短文,反复修改,达到摘要的要求。

5.关于英文摘要

(1)英文摘要的写作方法要依据公认的写作规范。

(2)尽量使用简单句,避免句型单调,表达要求准确完整。

(3)正确使用冠词。

(4)使用标准英语书写,避免使用口语,应使用易于理解的常用词,不用生僻词汇。

(5)作者所做工作用过去时,结论用现在时。

(6)多使用主动语态。

6.关键词

关键词是为了文献标引工作从报告、论文中选出来用以表示全文主题内容信息目的单词术语。每篇报告、论文选取3~8个词作为关键词,以显着的字符另起一行,排在摘要的左方。如有可能,尽量用《汉语主题词表》等词表提供的'规范词。为了国际交流,应标注与中文对应的英文关键词。

关键词是主题词中的一类。主题词是一种新型检索词汇,多用于计算机网络检索。

关键词分为中文关键词和与之对应的英文关键词,分别置于中文摘要和英文摘要之下。为便于他人的检索,不能使用过于宽泛的词语。选择关键词既可以从论文的各级标题入手,也可以从论文本身的内容选取,将选出的关键词按照所涉及领域的范围从大到小顺序列出。

【论文摘要格式】

论文摘要是文章的内容不加诠释和评论的简短陈述。为了国际交流,还应有外文(多用英文)摘要。摘要是在文章全文完成之后提炼出来的,具有短、精、完整三大特点。摘要应具有独立性的自含性、即不阅读原文的全文.就能获得必要的信息。摘要中有数据、有结论、是一篇完整的短文.可以独立使用,也可以引用,还可以用于工艺推广。其内容应该包含与报告论文同等量的主要信息.以供读者确定有无必要阅读原论文全文,也可提供给文摘第二次文献采用。摘要一般应说明研究工作目的、实验方法、结果和最终结论等.而重点是结果和结论。中文摘要一般不宜超过300字,外文摘要不宜超过250个实词。除了实在迫不得已,摘要中不用图、表、化学结构式、非公知公用的符号和术语。摘要可用另页置于题名页(页上无正文)之前,学术论文的摘要一般置于题名和作者之后,论文正文之前。

论文摘要又称概要、内容提要。摘要是以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。其基本要素包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论。具体地讲就是研究工作的主要对象和范围,采用的手段和方法,得出的结果和重要的结论,有时也包括具有情报价值的其它重要的信息。摘要应具有独立性和自明性,并且拥有与文献同等量的主要信息,即不阅读全文,就能获得必要的信息。摘要不容赘言,故需逐字推敲。内容必须完整、具体、使人一目了然。英文摘要虽以中文摘要为基础,但要考虑到不能阅读中文的读者的需求,实质性的内容不能遗漏。为此,我国的科技期刊近年来陆续采用结构式摘要,明确写出目的、方法、结果和结论四部分。

a.目的(Objective):简明指出此项工作的目的,研究的范围。

b.方法(Methods):简要说明研究课题的基本做法,包括对象(分组及每组例数、对照例数或动物只数等)、材料和方法(包括所用药品剂量,重复次数等)。统计方法特殊者需注明。

c.结果(Results):简要列出主要结果(需注明单位)、数据、统计学意义(P值)等,并说明其价值和局限性。

d.结论(Conclusion):简要说明从该项研究结果取得的正确观点、理论意义或实用价值、推广前景。

中、英文摘要前需标明中、英文文题,作者姓名(至多3名)及作者单位(邮政编码)。英文摘要应隔行打字,以便修改。

【论文摘要范文】

【论文题目】

机动车尾气污染防治对策与城市交通改善研究

【中文摘要】

本论文通过分析机动车尾气污染产生的原因,论述了采取多种防治对策以旨在减少机动车的尾气污染排放,同时对城市交通改善问题进行了深入的研究。本文首先论述了我国由于机动车尾气排放造成的城市大气污染的严重形势。论述了机动车尾气污染的产生原因。通过总结国内外机动车污染控制的发展历程、经验及教训,作者从两方面重点论述了控制机动车尾气污染的途径。其一是从机动车本身入手,在机动车生产、检验、维护保养以及采用新技术等方面对机动车加以改造,力争从尾气排放污染源加以控制;其次,作者根据我国交通的具体状况,详细分析了城市交通改善与机动车尾气排放的关系,根据翔实的数据:说明了在我国交通拥堵是造成机动车尾气污染的最主要原因。在科学交通管理的原则指导下,作者详细论述了科学交通管理的卞要措施,特别分析了对路口的交通控制策略的仿真优化过程,通过仿真结果表明,对路口的交通控制策略的优化将对尾气排放产生非常重大的影响,可以显著地减少污染排放总量。因此作者认为,科学交通管理是控制城市机动车尾气污染排放的根本出路。

毕业论文中英文摘要格式如下:

论文摘要是整篇论文的高度概括和核心总结,内容上应该涉及本项科研工作的目的和意义、研究方法、研究成果和结论。本科生毕业论文的要求没有那么高,但是也要突出你所著论文的新观点。

今天给童鞋们详细说明在毕业论文中,中英文摘要的格式及字体要求。当你的毕业论文初稿完成,建议通过papertime论文查重工具进行初稿查重及修改降重。中文摘要部分的标题为“摘要”,用黑体三号字居中。摘要内容用小四号宋体字书写,两端对齐,汉字用宋体,外文字用Times New Roman体。

本科生毕业论文(设计)的中文摘一般情况是250字左右。

论文的关键词是为了文献标引工作从论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容的一组词语或术语,且不要超过5个。每个关键词之间空两个汉字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。英文摘要是为了国际交流的需要,内容及关键词应与中文摘要及关键词保持一致,要符合英语语法,语句通顺,文字流畅。

英文摘要部分的标题为“Abstract”,用Times New Roman体三号字加粗。摘要内容用小四号Times New Roman体字书写,两端对齐,标点符号用英文标点符号。“Key Words”与中文摘要部分的关键词对应;每个关键词的每个英文单词的第一个英文字母应大写;每个关键词之间空四个英文字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。

最后提醒一下,无论你前面通过的论文检测的相似率是多少,都要用学校规定的论文查重系统进行定稿查重。论文摘要的中文版与英文版要对应,且双面打印。

Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s suessful experience.

是翻成英文吗 Civil service system is the embodiment of the management system of personnel administration regularity, is promoting the modern government and the development of administrative system of anization design, it is perfect with innovation, related to the government administration quality and efficiency improvement. China in 1993 adopted the national civil service system, began to enter the modern government personnel management track. But overall, pared with foreign countries, the civil service system of our country is still relatively primitive, theoretical research is still relatively weak, and there are many aspects need reform and innovation. Therefore, the reform of the civil service system in China has bee an important task. This paper will be based on the civil service system on the basis of theoretical study, through to the Chinese and foreign civil servants system recorded in the annealing preferred, incentive coordination, the protection mechani *** of the three major aspects of the public servant system at home and abroad, to reveal the similarities and differences, to draw lessons from foreign civil servant system beneficial experience to perfect our civil servant system design. 我只把你摘要的发来了

Abstract The core petitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of petitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core petitive ability should be paid profound attention. Depending on a bination of core petence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core petitive ability in China,then bines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core petitive ability . Keywords The Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture

Urban vulnerable groups is in the interests of the economic system transformation relative damage, marginalized groups, with social transformation, economic restructuring and social factors such as industrial restructuring, urban vulnerable groups is being increasingly prominent, and has affected our economy development and social equity. Based on the situation of vulnerable groups of urban studies, that the size of the vulnerable groups in recent years in increasing the survival of the city status of vulnerable groups have not been effective improvement, therefore, an urgent need for government-led, to establish and improve various policies and mechani *** s to protect the basic rights of vulnerable groups in order to achieve the goal of building a well.

Along with continuous development of market economy and intensive structural reform of publish industry, financial management play a more and more important role on the development and management of publishing enterprise. Publishing enterprises must change their concepts and pay attention to financial management, building and insisting on the sense of innovation and human-oriented financial management, actively exploring and building a sound financial management system which is adaptive to market economic management system and operation mechani *** . Publishing enterprises must try a variety of ways and means to resolve the outstanding issues in financial management, making effort to improve the qualities of financial workers, strengthening the informational construction of financial management, realizing continuous innovation on financial centralized management and aounts receivable management, so as to promote the publishing industry develop in a healthy and good direction.

Abstract: The woman known as half of the sky in an era of growing concern in the feminist context, hold up half the sky in other men - their pressure, their difficulties, their sad, seems to have been used to And even taken for granted. But Chili as one of the representatives of women writers, she works in many men have expressed the concern of this group. Loss of life, questions of love, of self-worth of confusion, as the mon challenge facing the hero. Thus, character. environment. the fate of one man without the image of the intersection in question to the reality: our way is, Where is tomorrow? 摘要还必须包括关键词的。

英文摘要可以用百度翻译,然后复制上去,目录设定很简单,在word或者wps里面有目录设定,选中目录点选那个目录设定可以来设定是一级目录还是二级目录的。

[Abstract] In the 1980s and 1990s last century, the economy developed at a high speed with the sacrifice of damaging the environments which caused serious environmental problems and social problems. Gov and society began to think about it, therefore in the process of production and manufacturing, enterprises should take the corporate social responsibility (CSR). With the improvement of social system, many enterprises have realized the problem of social responsibility. More and more enterprises find that it is not contradicted beeen achieving the individual economic goal and fulfilling the social goal. To enhance the consciousness and initiative of fulfilling the social responsibility, enterprises should fulfill the social responsibility to convey related information to the society. It plays a key role to develop the social responsibility and social responsibility investments because it can better bring in the public opinion pressure and Gov supervision. High moral standards aord with the enterprises’ long-term benefit which will help gain reputation and trust in the daily operation and long-term cooperation. Enterprises can really catch the advantage of taking the social responsibility, the policy and regulation that push the enterprises to fulfill the social responsibility so that to find appropriate conduct system. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate obligation, significance of social responsibility, harmonious society

This thesis presents a detailed *** ysis of the current situation of the private enterprises of Chaoshan, gave emphasized *** ysis on both the advantage of its development and problems lied in, and found out the advantages as well as limitations of the district of Chaoshan. On the basis of this, this thesis also studied on the New Wenzhou Mode, while in the meantime proposed advices on the future development of private enterprises of Chaoshan district in view of strategy.

英语毕业论文摘要英文

英语毕业论文我可以帮你写的,需要的话和我联系啊

毕业论文英文摘要是对毕业论文研究内容、方法、结果和结论的简要概括,通常包括以下几个部分:1. 研究背景:简要介绍研究领域的背景和相关研究现状,说明本研究的意义和价值。2. 研究目的:明确研究的目的、问题或假设。3. 研究方法:简要介绍研究采用的方法、数据来源、样本及实验设计等。4. 研究结果:简要总结研究所得到的主要结果和发现。5. 结论与意义:总结研究的主要结论,并说明其在学术和实践领域的意义和价值。下面是一个毕业论文英文摘要的范例:Title: The Impact of Social Media on Consumer BehaviorAbstract: This study explores the impact of social media on consumer behavior. With the rapid development of social media in recent years, it has become an important platform for consumers to obtain information, communicate and make purchases. In order to investigate the impact of social media on consumer behavior, this study conducted a survey of 500 consumers in China, and analyzed the data using SPSS software. The results show that social media has a significant impact on consumers' purchasing decisions, brand loyalty, and word-of-mouth communication. In addition, social media also affects the way consumers perceive product quality and brand image. The findings of this study have important implications for marketers and businesses, providing insights into how social media can be used to effectively influence consumer behavior and enhance brand : Social media, Consumer behavior, Purchase decision, Brand loyalty, Word-of-mouth communication需要注意的是,英文摘要应该简洁明了、语言通顺、逻辑清晰,突出研究的重点和创新点,同时避免太过于细节和专业术语。建议在写作前多参考相关领域的论文摘要,以提高摘要的质量和规范性。

毕业论文中英文摘要格式如下:

论文摘要是整篇论文的高度概括和核心总结,内容上应该涉及本项科研工作的目的和意义、研究方法、研究成果和结论。本科生毕业论文的要求没有那么高,但是也要突出你所著论文的新观点。

今天给童鞋们详细说明在毕业论文中,中英文摘要的格式及字体要求。当你的毕业论文初稿完成,建议通过papertime论文查重工具进行初稿查重及修改降重。中文摘要部分的标题为“摘要”,用黑体三号字居中。摘要内容用小四号宋体字书写,两端对齐,汉字用宋体,外文字用Times New Roman体。

本科生毕业论文(设计)的中文摘一般情况是250字左右。

论文的关键词是为了文献标引工作从论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容的一组词语或术语,且不要超过5个。每个关键词之间空两个汉字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。英文摘要是为了国际交流的需要,内容及关键词应与中文摘要及关键词保持一致,要符合英语语法,语句通顺,文字流畅。

英文摘要部分的标题为“Abstract”,用Times New Roman体三号字加粗。摘要内容用小四号Times New Roman体字书写,两端对齐,标点符号用英文标点符号。“Key Words”与中文摘要部分的关键词对应;每个关键词的每个英文单词的第一个英文字母应大写;每个关键词之间空四个英文字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。

最后提醒一下,无论你前面通过的论文检测的相似率是多少,都要用学校规定的论文查重系统进行定稿查重。论文摘要的中文版与英文版要对应,且双面打印。

Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s suessful experience.

是翻成英文吗 Civil service system is the embodiment of the management system of personnel administration regularity, is promoting the modern government and the development of administrative system of anization design, it is perfect with innovation, related to the government administration quality and efficiency improvement. China in 1993 adopted the national civil service system, began to enter the modern government personnel management track. But overall, pared with foreign countries, the civil service system of our country is still relatively primitive, theoretical research is still relatively weak, and there are many aspects need reform and innovation. Therefore, the reform of the civil service system in China has bee an important task. This paper will be based on the civil service system on the basis of theoretical study, through to the Chinese and foreign civil servants system recorded in the annealing preferred, incentive coordination, the protection mechani *** of the three major aspects of the public servant system at home and abroad, to reveal the similarities and differences, to draw lessons from foreign civil servant system beneficial experience to perfect our civil servant system design. 我只把你摘要的发来了

Abstract The core petitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of petitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core petitive ability should be paid profound attention. Depending on a bination of core petence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core petitive ability in China,then bines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core petitive ability . Keywords The Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture

Urban vulnerable groups is in the interests of the economic system transformation relative damage, marginalized groups, with social transformation, economic restructuring and social factors such as industrial restructuring, urban vulnerable groups is being increasingly prominent, and has affected our economy development and social equity. Based on the situation of vulnerable groups of urban studies, that the size of the vulnerable groups in recent years in increasing the survival of the city status of vulnerable groups have not been effective improvement, therefore, an urgent need for government-led, to establish and improve various policies and mechani *** s to protect the basic rights of vulnerable groups in order to achieve the goal of building a well.

Along with continuous development of market economy and intensive structural reform of publish industry, financial management play a more and more important role on the development and management of publishing enterprise. Publishing enterprises must change their concepts and pay attention to financial management, building and insisting on the sense of innovation and human-oriented financial management, actively exploring and building a sound financial management system which is adaptive to market economic management system and operation mechani *** . Publishing enterprises must try a variety of ways and means to resolve the outstanding issues in financial management, making effort to improve the qualities of financial workers, strengthening the informational construction of financial management, realizing continuous innovation on financial centralized management and aounts receivable management, so as to promote the publishing industry develop in a healthy and good direction.

Abstract: The woman known as half of the sky in an era of growing concern in the feminist context, hold up half the sky in other men - their pressure, their difficulties, their sad, seems to have been used to And even taken for granted. But Chili as one of the representatives of women writers, she works in many men have expressed the concern of this group. Loss of life, questions of love, of self-worth of confusion, as the mon challenge facing the hero. Thus, character. environment. the fate of one man without the image of the intersection in question to the reality: our way is, Where is tomorrow? 摘要还必须包括关键词的。

英文摘要可以用百度翻译,然后复制上去,目录设定很简单,在word或者wps里面有目录设定,选中目录点选那个目录设定可以来设定是一级目录还是二级目录的。

[Abstract] In the 1980s and 1990s last century, the economy developed at a high speed with the sacrifice of damaging the environments which caused serious environmental problems and social problems. Gov and society began to think about it, therefore in the process of production and manufacturing, enterprises should take the corporate social responsibility (CSR). With the improvement of social system, many enterprises have realized the problem of social responsibility. More and more enterprises find that it is not contradicted beeen achieving the individual economic goal and fulfilling the social goal. To enhance the consciousness and initiative of fulfilling the social responsibility, enterprises should fulfill the social responsibility to convey related information to the society. It plays a key role to develop the social responsibility and social responsibility investments because it can better bring in the public opinion pressure and Gov supervision. High moral standards aord with the enterprises’ long-term benefit which will help gain reputation and trust in the daily operation and long-term cooperation. Enterprises can really catch the advantage of taking the social responsibility, the policy and regulation that push the enterprises to fulfill the social responsibility so that to find appropriate conduct system. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate obligation, significance of social responsibility, harmonious society

This thesis presents a detailed *** ysis of the current situation of the private enterprises of Chaoshan, gave emphasized *** ysis on both the advantage of its development and problems lied in, and found out the advantages as well as limitations of the district of Chaoshan. On the basis of this, this thesis also studied on the New Wenzhou Mode, while in the meantime proposed advices on the future development of private enterprises of Chaoshan district in view of strategy.

毕业论文摘要要英文

毕业论文英文摘要是对毕业论文研究内容、方法、结果和结论的简要概括,通常包括以下几个部分:1. 研究背景:简要介绍研究领域的背景和相关研究现状,说明本研究的意义和价值。2. 研究目的:明确研究的目的、问题或假设。3. 研究方法:简要介绍研究采用的方法、数据来源、样本及实验设计等。4. 研究结果:简要总结研究所得到的主要结果和发现。5. 结论与意义:总结研究的主要结论,并说明其在学术和实践领域的意义和价值。下面是一个毕业论文英文摘要的范例:Title: The Impact of Social Media on Consumer BehaviorAbstract: This study explores the impact of social media on consumer behavior. With the rapid development of social media in recent years, it has become an important platform for consumers to obtain information, communicate and make purchases. In order to investigate the impact of social media on consumer behavior, this study conducted a survey of 500 consumers in China, and analyzed the data using SPSS software. The results show that social media has a significant impact on consumers' purchasing decisions, brand loyalty, and word-of-mouth communication. In addition, social media also affects the way consumers perceive product quality and brand image. The findings of this study have important implications for marketers and businesses, providing insights into how social media can be used to effectively influence consumer behavior and enhance brand : Social media, Consumer behavior, Purchase decision, Brand loyalty, Word-of-mouth communication需要注意的是,英文摘要应该简洁明了、语言通顺、逻辑清晰,突出研究的重点和创新点,同时避免太过于细节和专业术语。建议在写作前多参考相关领域的论文摘要,以提高摘要的质量和规范性。

问题一:为什么一篇中文论文需要一个英文的摘要? 好的 [新手] 从正规的说法看,是为了和轨国际接轨。从实际看,我国学术尚在低潮期,需要与外国比较然后找出出路,所以在学术训练中做英文摘要是一种途径。佛教初入中国时,翻译佛经的一个词会动用几百甚至上千的高智商的人,在此激础上,才有禅宗和理学的出现,所以,对英语的消化也有一个过程。 文章八股自古皆然,历史上写诗文的大家大多是八股高手,起承转合破题承题都是在写八股过程中练出来的,关键不在他的死格式而在活思想, *** 论说文气势磅礴,论证严谨有力,其实他的出发点主要是孟子、庄子、韩愈,八股的活力是有的,关键在思想。 中国的工科学术落后于西方 用英语一旦发表就可以让他人检索到 ,可以与西方相应国家的相关技术有可比性,分出孰优孰劣,有利于自己论文的修改和提高。同时我国正全面进行小康社会的建设,改革开放是一个必要渠道,学术上的交流更突出其重要性。因此通过英文摘要,可以为中西方的学术交流提供了一个便利平台。从上面意义上说,要求在论文中写英语摘要就是用心良苦的一件事了 问题二:什么样的论文需要写英文摘要 是否要写英文摘要,要看论文发表的杂志级别。一般说来,国家级的、省级的、市级的专业杂志发表的论文都需要英文摘要。只不过,市级以下级别的杂志有些混乱,原因是有些杂志为了抬高地位或是其他原因,故意而为。所以,要不要英文摘要,还要以杂志编辑部要求为准。大学生毕业生的毕业论文,则依据学院的要求。 问题三:综述性论文的中文摘要和英文摘要是一个意思吗 什么时间要呢,我给你一篇如何???内容摘要 内容摘要要求把论文的主要观点提示出来,便于读者一看就能掌握论文内容的要点。目前比较通用结构式摘要,包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论。摘要应有高度的概括力,且要全面反映论文要点,简明、明确、畅达。 问题四:为什么论文的摘要必须要有中英文的 摘要是用来简述论文所论述问题和作揣观点的,可以通过摘要检索到关于某一学术问题的的文章。所以摘要有中英文可以增加被检索范围 问题五:毕业论文中英文摘要必须在同一页上吗? 看要求了。如果没有明确亥要求,先中文摘要、关键词,再英文摘要、关键词,按正常的往下排即可,不用管放在哪一页。 如果有要求,就要分页了。 问题六:论文中的英文摘要需要和中文摘要一致吗? 要一致,英文摘要就是中文摘要的翻译 问题七:论文英文摘要是中文摘要的翻译版吗? 大多是互译的,也可以得不一样,但中心要是一样的,毕竟论文是一份。所以表达的意思是一个。当然不一定要一次一句的翻译。。。 问题八:写论文的英文摘要应注意什么 首先要弄清楚摘要的目的,是让别人搜索论文的时候可以知道你的论文大概是讲什么的,吸引人家看论文全文,后面有关键词,方便搜索。摘要不宜长篇大论,扼要介绍论文的背景和解决了什么问题就可以了。很多学生的毛病是把该写在引言里的内容都放到摘要里来了。 写英文摘要的话,很多人是直接翻译中文摘要,但是不一定翻译得好。注意千万别用软件自动翻译,效果非常差。我的意见是中英文摘要的内容不必一一对应得那么死。例如中文中的“我国”,在英文中应该翻译成 China 而不是 our country,因为理论上看英文摘要的不一定是中国人。 假如你是大学生,要交毕业设计,最好的做法是用你自己能明白的英语把论文介绍一下,同时注意专业名词要准确翻译。 假如要正式发表,最好的做法,是从外国人的角度思考,假如他们对这个论题有兴趣的话,他们会怎样搜索论文,看到什么描述会想看看论文全文。 问题九:毕业论文中中文摘要是否要跟英文摘要分开 每个学校都有自己的要求,你们没有格式要求吗? 一般来说,分开页。

英文摘要格式如下:

1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言,提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文(内容基本与中文摘要相同,但不用完全逐句对应)。

2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页(1页即可),放在中文摘要页之后。

3、英文字体与行间距:统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”,倍行间距。

4、英文题目:使用三号字加粗。

5、英文摘要:“Absract”顶格,使用四号字,并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。

6、英文关键词:“Key Words”顶格,使用四号字并加粗。每个关键词使用四号字。

论文摘要应包含以下内容:

(1)从事这一研究的目的和重要性。

(2)研究的主要内容,指明完成了哪些工作。

(3)获得的基本结论和研究成果,突出论文的新见解。

(4)结论或结果的意义。

以上内容参考:百度百科-摘要

以上内容参考:百度百科-论文摘要

现在毕业论文都很严格,肯定需要英文摘要。但是写英文摘要的时候一定要注意,中文摘要确定无误了再翻译成英文!否则,中文摘要改了,英文摘要还要重新翻译!

英专毕业论文摘要

英文论文选题:英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行,即英语文学,语言学和翻译学。英语文学:选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行:国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。 在进行国别文学研究选题时,一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家(如海明威),某一经典作品(如《双城记》),某一写作手法(如象征手法的运用)或某一文学思潮(如浪漫主义运动)作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名,容易引起学生的兴趣,如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》,学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时,应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义,不能流于肤浅的分析。 文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生,因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段,本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。 比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的(如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”),也可以是不同国别的(如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》)语言学:选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行:普通语言学和应用语言学。 普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究,如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究(如“一般现在时及其交际功能”)。 应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题,也要避免过大范围的选题,而应对一个具体问题进行研究,最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有:“个性与英语教学”,“方言对英语学习的影响”等。 翻译学:翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行:翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下,对翻译活动的研究更多一些,这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究(如“汉语成语的英译”)。应该注意的是,在对翻译活动作研究时,往往需要某种翻译理论支撑,总结规律,并对这一活动作出评价,要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。英语专业毕业论文格式要求:学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。前置1.英文封面:由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。 2.目录:由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成,排在英文封面之后另页。 3.中、英文内容摘要:摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述,宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论,是一篇完整的短文,可以独立使用,中文摘要一般在200字左右 4关键词:关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索,学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”,这些关键词就是论文的中心词,以显著的字符另起一行,分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。主体部分 主题部分包括引言(Introduction)、正文(Body)、结论(Conclusion)、参考文献(Bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。 1.引言:主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。 2.正文:论文的正文是核心部分,占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。要求论据充分,论点明确。行文必须实事求是,客观真切,准确完备,合乎逻辑,层次分明,简练可读。正文部分要有分级标题,章、条、款、项的序号编码方法,采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法,论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列,依次从1开始,连续编号,中间用“.”相隔,最末级编号之后不加点。3.结论:学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论,它是对正文部分的论述的概述,也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。4.参考文献:写作学位论文过程中,阅读或运用过某些文献所列出的书目清单,置于正文之后,另页开始。5.文内所引文献:要求附夹注,应在引文后加括号注明作者姓名(英文只注姓),出版年和引文页码。若为转引文献,则加quoted in 字样。6.文献中列出的文献应该与正文中标注的文献一一对应。正文中没有出现的,不应出现在参考文献中。

论文易-致力于为用户提供最好的学术平台Abstract是对论文最精髓的提炼。其重要性体现在:将论文发给审稿人后,审稿人一般会用最短的时间阅读abstract,判断论文内容是否为其所熟悉的领域,决定是否接受审稿。故abstract和 Coverletter一样是论文的门面,会给审稿人留下极为重要的第一印象。如果“第一口苹果的味道不好”,审稿人会拒绝评审您的论文。这样会使得杂志需要再次筛选合适的审稿人而延长审稿时间。更为严重的是,有的审稿人甚至会直接寻找理由建议主编退稿。此外,abstract 也是电子期刊数据库免费提供的部分,能读到abstract的读者远比能读到全文的读者多得多,读者会根据abstract来判断是否需要阅读全文,因此abstract的清楚表达十分重要。杂志对摘要的形式要求大致可以分为:报道性摘要(informativeabstract)、指示性摘要(indicative abstract)和报道指示性摘要(informative-indicative abstract)三种。摘要一定要简明扼要(多数杂志会在投稿指南中标明要求的规定数字),按照规定的顺序介绍主要的研究目的(objective)、研究背景(background)、研究过程(methods andmaterials)、结果 (results)以及结论(conclusion),这种介绍必须让审稿专家及读者能够看懂并把握整个实验的主要过程及结果。撰写摘要常采用的句型:(1)以to eluicdatie the mechanism..…,to investigate..…, 或者 for the purpose of ..,讲述研究目的。注意写出最适合表达目的的动词。(2)… was/were carried out..写研究的内容及方法,注意一般是过去时态。(3) The results showed that ,讲述研究得出的主要结果。不一定要面面俱到地列出具体数据,可根据杂志习惯把握详细程度。(4) The result of the present work implied that.,讲述您得出的结论。这种表达方法会让读者感到作者对科学研究具有严谨的态度,使其对结果的可信度增高。注意要避免空泛、夸大结论等常见问题。另外,在写abstract时应尽可能避免用到参考文献,如果一定要用,那么一定要将全部细节写出来。要始终记住一点,abstract是一个独立的部分;换句话说,别人不看您的论文,只看您的abstract就能了解您的研究工作。经验是:在写论文正文时,先写一篇abstract的草稿,使这个草稿发挥正文提纲的作用,写完正文;正文定稿以后,回过头再检查abstract能否堪任论文最精华缩影的作用,如果不能则再做修改。始终记住好的abstract和好的论文一样是改出来的,不是写出来的。写作中需要谨慎、正确地使用时态,因为科学领域的职业道德规范决定了在撰写论文是应正确使用时态。论文发表后,其内容就成为科技领域中的已有知识;后人在提及发表的科研成果,都应该表示出应有的尊敬:而表示尊敬的方法就是使用现在时态。相反,如果已发表的研究成果后来被证实是错误的,那么在论文中提及该研究结果时使用过去式更为合适。

英语论文摘要怎么写?英语论文摘要格式模板(附范例) 英语论文摘要 英语专业毕业论文摘要怎么写 英文论文摘要怎么写 怎么写好英语论文摘要 …… 这些都是百度知道中网友们提出来的热点话题,在此我为大家总结了英语论文摘要的写法,英语论文摘要的格式参考,并附上范例一则,希望对大家的英语论文摘要写作有所帮助。 英语专业本科毕业论文论文摘要格式 中英文摘要对应,内容要基本保持一致;中文在前,英文在后。字数为300-500字左右。 1.中文摘要 ①首行居中打印论文中文标题(宋体四号加粗) ②下空一行居中打印“摘要”二字(宋体小四号加粗),字间空一字符。 ③“摘要”二字下空一行打印摘要内容(宋体小四号)。 ④摘要内容后下空一行打印“关键词”三字(宋体小四号加粗),其后接着打印关键词(3-7个,宋体小四号),各关键词之间用逗号隔开,最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。 2.英文摘要 ①首行居中打印论文英文标题(Times New Roman四号加粗) ②下空一行居中打印英文单词“Abstract”(Times New Roman小四号加粗)。 ③下空一行打印摘要内容(Times New Roman小四,倍行距,两端对齐) ④摘要内容后下空一行打印“Key Words”( Times New Roman 小四号加 粗),其后接着打印关键词(3-7个关键词,Times New Roman小四号)。除了专有名词外,其他单词的首字母不大写。各关键词之间用分号隔开,最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。 ⑤摘要正文各自然段首行空5个字符。 Self-Knowledge of Emma (空1行) Abstract (空1行) Emma lives in a quite simple environment. When she is a little child, her mother dies and she is spoiled by her father. Having such a background, Emma is dominant, aggressive and imaginative. After she experiences the two major affairs in her life----the relationship with Harriet and her emotion towards Mr. Knightley, she realizes her own faults and acquires self-knowledge of both moral faults and emotion. After Emma fails to be a match-maker of Harriet and Mr. Knightley, she comes to know that feelings can not be imagined and that she should not force her own idea on others’ mind. And this is the very beginning of Emma’s self-knowledge. (空1行) Key Words: Emma; characters; match-making; self-knowledge 范例: A Brief Discussion on Cultural Difference between Chinese and English Abstract Word is the product of society,which is the history of mankind and which is the crystallization of history and embodied a nation's social consciousness from generation to generation, history, culture, and other areas all the features of human society. The essence of which is dependent because of their different cultural background, language background and traditional factors above. chinese and english are quite as mode of living,values,atandard of behavior,formality,customs. Language is is both the carrier and the product of culture, the cultural enrichment of information is an important part of culture, Language reflects the culture of development and changes, but also a direct reflection of the cultural we all know china and english has different cultural atmosphere .china has a long history and rich culture. English in the contemporary world political, economic, cultural and other fields to play with temporary no other language can replace the role of English in a number of countries in addition to the mother tongue but also as a second language or foreign language in common use in many countries. As a symbol system, "English" is a kind of language, on their use, in today's world there are all sorts of "English" and "English" is in fact the name of a simple terms, we can not hope that justice Literal It is a single, homogeneous phenomenon it is all around the world and under different circumstances the use of the many variants of the English pool. However, due to geographical, historical, cultural, and social customs of different factors such as the impact of today's visit to English furniture has evolved into a wider impact on the two variants of the worldwide English, which is British English and American English. With the development of their own language, their own characteristics of the formation, and there are differences between. In American English and British English, is concerned about the characteristics of the "norms" word. In this paper, the British and American English in origin and development of a simple introduction, the United Kingdom and the United States in terms of language study and to explore differences in the two English-speaking characteristics and differences, the right to express and enrich the relevant knowledge of English, improve application English ability. Key word: dependent; culture; atmosphere 中西方文化差异 摘要 词是社会的的结晶,是人类历史和文化的结晶。它凝聚着一个民族世代相传的社会意识,历史文化,风俗习惯等各方面人类社会所有的特征。不同的文化背影和文化传统,使中西方在思维方式,价值观念,行为准则和生活方式等方面也存在有相当的文化差异。语文是文化的载体,词汇是文化信息的浓缩,是语言的重要组成部分,它反映着文化的发展和变化,同时也直接反映着文化的差异。我们都知道中西方有着不同的文化氛围。中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化遗产。英语在当今世界政治、经济、文化等领域发挥着暂时无其他语言可以替代的作用,英语除了是一些国家的母语之外,还作为第二语言或通用外语在许多国家使用。作为一种符号系统,“英语”是一种语言,就其使用情况而言,当今世界存在着各种各样的“英语”,“英语”这个名称事实上只是一个简单的称呼,我们不能望文生义地认为它是一种单一的,同质的现象;它是在世界各地和各种不同情况下使用的许多英语变体的集合。但是由于地理、历史、文化、社会习俗等不同因素的影响,当今的英语之行演化成为家具有广泛影响的两种世界性的英语变体,那就是英国英语和美国英语。随着语言本身的发展,它们之形成各自的特点,并且相互间存在差异。在美国英语和英国英语方面,关注的特点在于“规范”两字。本文对英、美英语的起源和发展简单介绍后,就英、美语在词汇方面的差异研究并探讨这两种英语的特点及其差异,有利于正确地表达、丰富相关的英语知识,提高运用英语的能力。 关键词::独立;文化;氛围

英语论文摘要怎么写?英语论文摘要格式模板(附范例)

英语论文摘要

英语专业毕业论文摘要怎么写

英文论文摘要怎么写

怎么写好英语论文摘要

……

这些都是百度知道中网友们提出来的热点话题,在此我为大家总结了英语论文摘要的写法,英语论文摘要的格式参考,并附上范例一则,希望对大家的英语论文摘要写作有所帮助。

英语专业本科毕业论文论文摘要格式

中英文摘要对应,内容要基本保持一致;中文在前,英文在后。字数为300-500字左右。

1.中文摘要

①首行居中打印论文中文标题(宋体四号加粗)

②下空一行居中打印“摘要”二字(宋体小四号加粗),字间空一字符。

③“摘要”二字下空一行打印摘要内容(宋体小四号)。

④摘要内容后下空一行打印“关键词”三字(宋体小四号加粗),其后接着打印关键词(3-7个,宋体小四号),各关键词之间用逗号隔开,最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。

2.英文摘要

①首行居中打印论文英文标题(Times New Roman四号加粗)

②下空一行居中打印英文单词“Abstract”(Times New Roman小四号加粗)。

③下空一行打印摘要内容(Times New Roman小四,倍行距,两端对齐)

④摘要内容后下空一行打印“Key Words”( Times New Roman 小四号加 粗),其后接着打印关键词(3-7个关键词,Times New Roman小四号)。除了专有名词外,其他单词的首字母不大写。各关键词之间用分号隔开,最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。

⑤摘要正文各自然段首行空5个字符。

Self-Knowledge of Emma

(空1行)

Abstract

(空1行)

Emma lives in a quite simple environment. When she is a little child, her mother dies and she is spoiled by her father. Having such a background, Emma is dominant, aggressive and imaginative. After she experiences the two major affairs in her life----the relationship with Harriet and her emotion towards Mr. Knightley, she realizes her own faults and acquires self-knowledge of both moral faults and emotion.

After Emma fails to be a match-maker of Harriet and Mr. Knightley, she comes to know that feelings can not be imagined and that she should not force her own idea on others’ mind. And this is the very beginning of Emma’s self-knowledge.

(空1行)

Key Words: Emma; characters; match-making; self-knowledge

范例:

A Brief Discussion on Cultural Difference between Chinese and English

Abstract

Word is the product of society,which is the history of mankind and which is the crystallization of history and embodied a nation's social consciousness from generation to generation, history, culture, and other areas all the features of human society. The essence of which is dependent because of their different cultural background, language background and traditional factors above. chinese and english are quite as mode of living,values,atandard of behavior,formality,customs. Language is is both the carrier and the product of culture, the cultural enrichment of information is an important part of culture, Language reflects the culture of development and changes, but also a direct reflection of the cultural we all know china and english has different cultural atmosphere .china has a long history and rich culture. English in the contemporary world political, economic, cultural and other fields to play with temporary no other language can replace the role of English in a number of countries in addition to the mother tongue but also as a second language or foreign language in common use in many countries. As a symbol system, "English" is a kind of language, on their use, in today's world there are all sorts of "English" and "English" is in fact the name of a simple terms, we can not hope that justice Literal It is a single, homogeneous phenomenon it is all around the world and under different circumstances the use of the many variants of the English pool. However, due to geographical, historical, cultural, and social customs of different factors such as the impact of today's visit to English furniture has evolved into a wider impact on the two variants of the worldwide English, which is British English and American English. With the development of their own language, their own characteristics of the formation, and there are differences between. In American English and British English, is concerned about the characteristics of the "norms" word. In this paper, the British and American English in origin and development of a simple introduction, the United Kingdom and the United States in terms of language study and to explore differences in the two English-speaking characteristics and differences, the right to express and enrich the relevant knowledge of English, improve application English ability.

Key word: dependent; culture; atmosphere

中西方文化差异

摘要

词是社会的的结晶,是人类历史和文化的结晶。它凝聚着一个民族世代相传的社会意识,历史文化,风俗习惯等各方面人类社会所有的特征。不同的文化背影和文化传统,使中西方在思维方式,价值观念,行为准则和生活方式等方面也存在有相当的文化差异。语文是文化的载体,词汇是文化信息的浓缩,是语言的重要组成部分,它反映着文化的发展和变化,同时也直接反映着文化的差异。我们都知道中西方有着不同的文化氛围。中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化遗产。英语在当今世界政治、经济、文化等领域发挥着暂时无其他语言可以替代的作用,英语除了是一些国家的母语之外,还作为第二语言或通用外语在许多国家使用。作为一种符号系统,“英语”是一种语言,就其使用情况而言,当今世界存在着各种各样的“英语”,“英语”这个名称事实上只是一个简单的称呼,我们不能望文生义地认为它是一种单一的,同质的现象;它是在世界各地和各种不同情况下使用的许多英语变体的集合。但是由于地理、历史、文化、社会习俗等不同因素的影响,当今的英语之行演化成为家具有广泛影响的两种世界性的英语变体,那就是英国英语和美国英语。随着语言本身的发展,它们之形成各自的特点,并且相互间存在差异。在美国英语和英国英语方面,关注的特点在于“规范”两字。本文对英、美英语的起源和发展简单介绍后,就英、美语在词汇方面的差异研究并探讨这两种英语的特点及其差异,有利于正确地表达、丰富相关的英语知识,提高运用英语的能力。

关键词::独立;文化;氛围

毕业论文摘要中英

毕业论文中英文摘要格式如下:

论文摘要是整篇论文的高度概括和核心总结,内容上应该涉及本项科研工作的目的和意义、研究方法、研究成果和结论。本科生毕业论文的要求没有那么高,但是也要突出你所著论文的新观点。

今天给童鞋们详细说明在毕业论文中,中英文摘要的格式及字体要求。当你的毕业论文初稿完成,建议通过papertime论文查重工具进行初稿查重及修改降重。中文摘要部分的标题为“摘要”,用黑体三号字居中。摘要内容用小四号宋体字书写,两端对齐,汉字用宋体,外文字用Times New Roman体。

本科生毕业论文(设计)的中文摘一般情况是250字左右。

论文的关键词是为了文献标引工作从论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容的一组词语或术语,且不要超过5个。每个关键词之间空两个汉字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。英文摘要是为了国际交流的需要,内容及关键词应与中文摘要及关键词保持一致,要符合英语语法,语句通顺,文字流畅。

英文摘要部分的标题为“Abstract”,用Times New Roman体三号字加粗。摘要内容用小四号Times New Roman体字书写,两端对齐,标点符号用英文标点符号。“Key Words”与中文摘要部分的关键词对应;每个关键词的每个英文单词的第一个英文字母应大写;每个关键词之间空四个英文字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。

最后提醒一下,无论你前面通过的论文检测的相似率是多少,都要用学校规定的论文查重系统进行定稿查重。论文摘要的中文版与英文版要对应,且双面打印。

英语论文摘要怎么写?英语论文摘要格式模板(附范例)

英语论文摘要

英语专业毕业论文摘要怎么写

英文论文摘要怎么写

怎么写好英语论文摘要

……

这些都是百度知道中网友们提出来的热点话题,在此我为大家总结了英语论文摘要的写法,英语论文摘要的格式参考,并附上范例一则,希望对大家的英语论文摘要写作有所帮助。

英语专业本科毕业论文论文摘要格式

中英文摘要对应,内容要基本保持一致;中文在前,英文在后。字数为300-500字左右。

1.中文摘要

①首行居中打印论文中文标题(宋体四号加粗)

②下空一行居中打印“摘要”二字(宋体小四号加粗),字间空一字符。

③“摘要”二字下空一行打印摘要内容(宋体小四号)。

④摘要内容后下空一行打印“关键词”三字(宋体小四号加粗),其后接着打印关键词(3-7个,宋体小四号),各关键词之间用逗号隔开,最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。

2.英文摘要

①首行居中打印论文英文标题(Times New Roman四号加粗)

②下空一行居中打印英文单词“Abstract”(Times New Roman小四号加粗)。

③下空一行打印摘要内容(Times New Roman小四,倍行距,两端对齐)

④摘要内容后下空一行打印“Key Words”( Times New Roman 小四号加 粗),其后接着打印关键词(3-7个关键词,Times New Roman小四号)。除了专有名词外,其他单词的首字母不大写。各关键词之间用分号隔开,最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。

⑤摘要正文各自然段首行空5个字符。

Self-Knowledge of Emma

(空1行)

Abstract

(空1行)

Emma lives in a quite simple environment. When she is a little child, her mother dies and she is spoiled by her father. Having such a background, Emma is dominant, aggressive and imaginative. After she experiences the two major affairs in her life----the relationship with Harriet and her emotion towards Mr. Knightley, she realizes her own faults and acquires self-knowledge of both moral faults and emotion.

After Emma fails to be a match-maker of Harriet and Mr. Knightley, she comes to know that feelings can not be imagined and that she should not force her own idea on others’ mind. And this is the very beginning of Emma’s self-knowledge.

(空1行)

Key Words: Emma; characters; match-making; self-knowledge

范例:

A Brief Discussion on Cultural Difference between Chinese and English

Abstract

Word is the product of society,which is the history of mankind and which is the crystallization of history and embodied a nation's social consciousness from generation to generation, history, culture, and other areas all the features of human society. The essence of which is dependent because of their different cultural background, language background and traditional factors above. chinese and english are quite as mode of living,values,atandard of behavior,formality,customs. Language is is both the carrier and the product of culture, the cultural enrichment of information is an important part of culture, Language reflects the culture of development and changes, but also a direct reflection of the cultural we all know china and english has different cultural atmosphere .china has a long history and rich culture. English in the contemporary world political, economic, cultural and other fields to play with temporary no other language can replace the role of English in a number of countries in addition to the mother tongue but also as a second language or foreign language in common use in many countries. As a symbol system, "English" is a kind of language, on their use, in today's world there are all sorts of "English" and "English" is in fact the name of a simple terms, we can not hope that justice Literal It is a single, homogeneous phenomenon it is all around the world and under different circumstances the use of the many variants of the English pool. However, due to geographical, historical, cultural, and social customs of different factors such as the impact of today's visit to English furniture has evolved into a wider impact on the two variants of the worldwide English, which is British English and American English. With the development of their own language, their own characteristics of the formation, and there are differences between. In American English and British English, is concerned about the characteristics of the "norms" word. In this paper, the British and American English in origin and development of a simple introduction, the United Kingdom and the United States in terms of language study and to explore differences in the two English-speaking characteristics and differences, the right to express and enrich the relevant knowledge of English, improve application English ability.

Key word: dependent; culture; atmosphere

中西方文化差异

摘要

词是社会的的结晶,是人类历史和文化的结晶。它凝聚着一个民族世代相传的社会意识,历史文化,风俗习惯等各方面人类社会所有的特征。不同的文化背影和文化传统,使中西方在思维方式,价值观念,行为准则和生活方式等方面也存在有相当的文化差异。语文是文化的载体,词汇是文化信息的浓缩,是语言的重要组成部分,它反映着文化的发展和变化,同时也直接反映着文化的差异。我们都知道中西方有着不同的文化氛围。中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化遗产。英语在当今世界政治、经济、文化等领域发挥着暂时无其他语言可以替代的作用,英语除了是一些国家的母语之外,还作为第二语言或通用外语在许多国家使用。作为一种符号系统,“英语”是一种语言,就其使用情况而言,当今世界存在着各种各样的“英语”,“英语”这个名称事实上只是一个简单的称呼,我们不能望文生义地认为它是一种单一的,同质的现象;它是在世界各地和各种不同情况下使用的许多英语变体的集合。但是由于地理、历史、文化、社会习俗等不同因素的影响,当今的英语之行演化成为家具有广泛影响的两种世界性的英语变体,那就是英国英语和美国英语。随着语言本身的发展,它们之形成各自的特点,并且相互间存在差异。在美国英语和英国英语方面,关注的特点在于“规范”两字。本文对英、美英语的起源和发展简单介绍后,就英、美语在词汇方面的差异研究并探讨这两种英语的特点及其差异,有利于正确地表达、丰富相关的英语知识,提高运用英语的能力。

关键词::独立;文化;氛围

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