China foreign processing trade reforming research abstract the processing trade the status is prominent in our country foreign trade, affects widely, will therefore be profound to the processing trade development present situation as well as the future development direction's research significance. The paper use mass data, the graph and the statistical data, through the strict logic reasoning and the massive fact analysis, have proven our country processing trade status and the function from many aspects, carries on the analysis and to our country processing trade development's tendency and so on puts forward the proposal variously in management by politics. as soon as the processing trade's development cannot look down, but, appears in view of our country processing trade the question, the country also carried on a series of measures to strengthen the supervision, the jamming crack, and profited from the international experience and the method, established the special area for processing export products, was also consummating the processing trade gradually the management. To impel our country processing trade unceasingly the healthy development, the challenge which after greeting joins WTO, faces, our country processing trade policy needs gradually to the international trail connection, this need period of time endeavor. This article through to the processing trade present situation and trend of development's analysis, put forward development processing trade some related proposals, because myself knowledge is limited, in solution processing trade some aspect question, also can only proposes oneself some views. The trust in the near future, these questions will be able to obtain the good solution. in brief, this article from China processing trade's present situation, from the internationalization background to China's own condition and the demand, after the achievement which obtained to the existence question and so on has carried on systematically, the comprehensive analysis variously from oneself, and using the qualitative quota many kinds of analysis methods, insisted throughout China's development will place the world in the development, placed the entire Chinese economy and in the industrial development processing trade's development analyzes, overall carried on the assurance, and drew the conclusion finally: China should continue to develop the processing trade, and integrates take this as the upholstery to the world economics. key word: Processing trade; Reforming promotion; Compared with superiority
在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等 教育 体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于 毕业 英语论文 范文 大全的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》 读后感 [摘要]：《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海 故事 。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题，诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来，宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微，水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情，最后水手内心发生转变，以新的态度对待自然，为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]：老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父，被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学，熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学，与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命，但又都害怕革命暴力，于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区，致力于写诗，并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，于是远离城市，隐居于昆布兰湖区，寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇，以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年，两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国 留学 ，被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区，与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾，故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加，1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物，令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真，并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设，不仅影响过他的同时代人，也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈，而且，对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者，仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位，是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。 二、《苦舟子咏》简介 《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事：一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开，赶快去赴宴，却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住，不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风，暴风过后，这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此，厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中，那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动，老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去，仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船，水手们一个个都死在甲板上，每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人，只有他没有死。后来，他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦，使死尸们站了起来，仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风，船却渐渐地移动。于是，这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸，出来迎接。但在他到这船之前，它却突然地沉下了，留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来，他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦，便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着，一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来，方才觉得舒服。 三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的 口号 是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张，又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用，而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步，因为它否定了人身依附关系，肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权，肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话，肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以，它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展，对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。 西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在，万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为：上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。 在这两种思想的支配下，作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁，表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意，违反自然规律，射死了无辜的信天翁，必然要受到惩罚。于是，灾难来了：风停了，船无法前进，阳光酷热，水手们口干舌燥。这时候，有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆，将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时，老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是，他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为，在道德情感系统中，羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后，就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为，道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说：“凡出自不公正的情感所作的，就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好，并且情感的内容有益于社会，而且还是以有益于社会方式施行，或有所感动，这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现，表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制，常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中，痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的，是低级形式的羞耻感，可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么，羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚，只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物，它激活潜在的思维和力量，专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为，促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏，那他将对道德不屑一顾，达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时，羞耻感要以自尊为前提，一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的，更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近，没有自尊的防卫，就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻，惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误，于是惶惶终日，不断自责自己。 事态进一步发展，在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了，但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去，只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重，导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中，一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析，是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情，感情是对需要的体验，是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素，推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素，推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后，良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为，它便于进行自我谴责，使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责，往往能形成一种力量，促使人们改正自己的行为。 后来，老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法，他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤，孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔，从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸，并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析，是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下，从而进行的对自己内心的深刻 反思 。通过反思，要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案，明白来者可追，逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中，要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思，主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。 故事的最后，老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕：他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人，让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众，承认自己的错误，说出自己的故事，解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔，但还是有种负罪感难以释怀，于是他渴望被人理解，宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样，当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候，不要封闭自己，找一个忠实的听众，把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好 方法 。 总之，柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称，其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶，生与死等哲学问题，宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上，而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面：时而风平浪静，沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起，一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时，柯尔律治并不熟悉大海，但他能凭借想象，使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织，把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体，充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上，长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉，炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体，而长诗的音韵与节奏之美，也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]： 《英美文学选读》 天津大学出版社出版 《英国文学简史》 河南人民出版社出版 《道德心理学》 中南大学出版社出版 毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的 文化 对比分析与翻译 一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段，为适应社会生产活动的需要，在符号的帮 助下产生的。"(苏金智，19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科 学的数字世界里，它的功能是计算，秩序严谨，职司分明，是 实数;而在人类 心灵的数字世界中，它的功能是表义，许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦，1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响，数 字的神化存在着东西方的差异 ，但也存在着共性，有着共同的规律。在"数的 灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天 数"，而西方人 也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚 化"的过程。( 王秉钦，1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文， 如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数 科学语言》(商务印书馆，1998)，英国人伦拉德·法 拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作 和论文，并开展过学术探 讨。如，王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围 比较 与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页， 语文出版社，1991，1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语 比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上，英汉文化对比专 业委员会会 员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模 式》展开了激烈的 讨论。本人认为东方人，尤其是中国人，自己心目中的天数 是"九"而不是"三"，也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。 二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析 在我国，人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色 彩的数字， 是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning)，在我国可 以说历时最久，涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一 般数字，在中国古代被 认为是一种神秘的数字，它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字，继而演化出"神 圣" 之意，于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋，便竭 力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天 分九层，极言其高，天证/诞日为正月初 九，天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例 如，北京 城有九门，天安门城楼面阔九问，门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。 汉语词汇中也常 用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓，如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。 根据阴阳五行与数的关系，万物之根均为数，宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10，五行也是数，按传统的五行 理论来划分，则1、2为木：1为阳木，2为阴 木。以3、4为火：3为阳火，4为阴火。以5、6为土：5为阳土，6为 阴土。 以7、8为金：7为阳金，8为阴金。以9、10为水：9 为阳水，10为阴水。这 就是将"象"、"数"与五行 结合起来推演变化，用以显示事物发展变化的内 在联系。由此看来，"九"是最大的阳数，象征着天。 传说 古 代中国人把天分 为九层，九层天是天的最高处，汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空， "九霄云外" ，"九天揽月"，"九天九地"等。另外，天坛，这个明清两代 祭天的场所，其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象 征意义。 民间传说中还有"九头 鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。 中国人以"九"为大数，刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道："凡数 指其极者，皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说："天地之数，始于一，终于 九。"因此，汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因 从"九"为数之 极而引出人生之限，故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎"，避讳有“九”之 岁。例如：“ 老太太因明年八十一岁，是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般 认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征，因 为"九"与"苦"同音，因此忌讳 "九"。然而，《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点 ，采 用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计，结果发现 将"九"作为姓的只占极 少数(约占)，而将"九"作为名的却不少(约 占35%)。看来，日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。 此外，《词源》中说："九：虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时，是数的一种 语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词 典》中，"九"的意思有三个：(1)数目，八加一 后所得;(2)从 冬至 起每九天是一个"九"，从一"九" 数起，二"九"、三 "九"，一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九，夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次： 九泉，三 弯九转等。因此， 汉语中有不少和"九"有关的 成语 。如："九牛一 毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。 在我国，数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十 分丰富。如，"九州"是指传 说中的我国上古行政区划，后用作"中国"的代 称。因此，有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns)，古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子，各有所好"。因此，《红楼梦》第九回 中用"一龙生九种，种种各 别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多，龙蛇混杂，好坏不一，各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外，在文娱、体育等词汇中，数字"九"也比比皆是。如， 许多歌名都以"九"开头："九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中，"九柱戏"(nine pins)，兵器中 有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。 地名中也有一些以"九"开头的，如"九 寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外，中国人常把" 九"看成 为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时，人们宁愿多出 钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比 如，湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。 在西方，数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说， "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。 英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中 对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多，分别有： 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members, baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。 其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有： a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律：数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运 用于文娱和体育活动中。如， 保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球 球场有一十八个洞：跳子棋的棋板上各 方均为九个孔; 古 时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来，数字"九" 也倍 受西方人的青睐。 总之，在东西方文化中，数字"九"含有以下主要共性： 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字， 其象征意义均有"神 圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中，数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。 数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于：对中国人来说，其神奇色 彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意 义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其 涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。 三、数字"九"的翻译问题 罗马西塞罗说过："翻译不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总风格和力 量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、 虚化了的"虚数"，"实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论，结合 东西方文 化的共性与个性，可采用如下的翻译方法，并遵循以下的翻译原则。 可采取的翻译方法主要有： (一)保留原数字 . We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了，它并没死，只失掉九条命中的一条。 这样翻译过来，人们很容易接受，因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语， 并能够促进东西方文化的融合 。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现"， 这样翻译可以加深对奈 达的"对等"和纽马克的"转 换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字 比如，"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如 ，"九九归一，还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均 舍弃了数字，转译其 形象意义。 应遵循的原则主要有： (一)民族性原则 比如，汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力"，《汉英词典》(外研社，1996)的译 文有三个："strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”，成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转 化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则 比如："匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子，月下嫦娥，那魂灵都飘到九霄云外 去了。"(《儒林外史》)， 其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译 文因遵循了"习语性原则"， 充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则 数字用于模糊意义时，一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时， 必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其 与 其它 的词结合后所产生的形象意义。 比如："飞流直下三千尽，疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 "，因此，可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢： 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文
毕业论文英文摘要是对毕业论文研究内容、方法、结果和结论的简要概括，通常包括以下几个部分：1. 研究背景：简要介绍研究领域的背景和相关研究现状，说明本研究的意义和价值。2. 研究目的：明确研究的目的、问题或假设。3. 研究方法：简要介绍研究采用的方法、数据来源、样本及实验设计等。4. 研究结果：简要总结研究所得到的主要结果和发现。5. 结论与意义：总结研究的主要结论，并说明其在学术和实践领域的意义和价值。下面是一个毕业论文英文摘要的范例：Title: The Impact of Social Media on Consumer BehaviorAbstract: This study explores the impact of social media on consumer behavior. With the rapid development of social media in recent years, it has become an important platform for consumers to obtain information, communicate and make purchases. In order to investigate the impact of social media on consumer behavior, this study conducted a survey of 500 consumers in China, and analyzed the data using SPSS software. The results show that social media has a significant impact on consumers' purchasing decisions, brand loyalty, and word-of-mouth communication. In addition, social media also affects the way consumers perceive product quality and brand image. The findings of this study have important implications for marketers and businesses, providing insights into how social media can be used to effectively influence consumer behavior and enhance brand : Social media, Consumer behavior, Purchase decision, Brand loyalty, Word-of-mouth communication需要注意的是，英文摘要应该简洁明了、语言通顺、逻辑清晰，突出研究的重点和创新点，同时避免太过于细节和专业术语。建议在写作前多参考相关领域的论文摘要，以提高摘要的质量和规范性。
Human resource plays the pivotal role in social economy development increasingly. 5P model is regarded as a very important model in human resource management, while it delivers the huge purpose and instant effect. But we have to realize that the application of 5P needs to one environment that cooperation of every department and plan the relevant policies, therefore enterprises utilize 5P model depending on practical situation. This anticle tries to realize the huge effect of 5P model very well through both discussing the content of 5P model and 洛北春酒业集团`s suessful experience.
是翻成英文吗 Civil service system is the embodiment of the management system of personnel administration regularity, is promoting the modern government and the development of administrative system of anization design, it is perfect with innovation, related to the government administration quality and efficiency improvement. China in 1993 adopted the national civil service system, began to enter the modern government personnel management track. But overall, pared with foreign countries, the civil service system of our country is still relatively primitive, theoretical research is still relatively weak, and there are many aspects need reform and innovation. Therefore, the reform of the civil service system in China has bee an important task. This paper will be based on the civil service system on the basis of theoretical study, through to the Chinese and foreign civil servants system recorded in the annealing preferred, incentive coordination, the protection mechani *** of the three major aspects of the public servant system at home and abroad, to reveal the similarities and differences, to draw lessons from foreign civil servant system beneficial experience to perfect our civil servant system design. 我只把你摘要的发来了
Abstract The core petitiveness of enterprises is the basis of the sustainable development of enterprise and the source of petitive advatages. As a growth point of China's national economy, Real Estate directly affects the national economic development and the people's livelihood. Therefore, the construction of real estate enterprises'core petitive ability should be paid profound attention. Depending on a bination of core petence theory, this paper is in view of the status quo of the estate enterprise'core petitive ability in China,then bines the author's opinion under the help of the related books,documents and the teacher, and finally turn out the means of the construction of enterprises'core petitive ability . Keywords The Core Competiveness of Enterprises Brand Strategy Enterpise Culture
Urban vulnerable groups is in the interests of the economic system transformation relative damage, marginalized groups, with social transformation, economic restructuring and social factors such as industrial restructuring, urban vulnerable groups is being increasingly prominent, and has affected our economy development and social equity. Based on the situation of vulnerable groups of urban studies, that the size of the vulnerable groups in recent years in increasing the survival of the city status of vulnerable groups have not been effective improvement, therefore, an urgent need for government-led, to establish and improve various policies and mechani *** s to protect the basic rights of vulnerable groups in order to achieve the goal of building a well.
Along with continuous development of market economy and intensive structural reform of publish industry, financial management play a more and more important role on the development and management of publishing enterprise. Publishing enterprises must change their concepts and pay attention to financial management, building and insisting on the sense of innovation and human-oriented financial management, actively exploring and building a sound financial management system which is adaptive to market economic management system and operation mechani *** . Publishing enterprises must try a variety of ways and means to resolve the outstanding issues in financial management, making effort to improve the qualities of financial workers, strengthening the informational construction of financial management, realizing continuous innovation on financial centralized management and aounts receivable management, so as to promote the publishing industry develop in a healthy and good direction.
Abstract: The woman known as half of the sky in an era of growing concern in the feminist context, hold up half the sky in other men - their pressure, their difficulties, their sad, seems to have been used to And even taken for granted. But Chili as one of the representatives of women writers, she works in many men have expressed the concern of this group. Loss of life, questions of love, of self-worth of confusion, as the mon challenge facing the hero. Thus, character. environment. the fate of one man without the image of the intersection in question to the reality: our way is, Where is tomorrow? 摘要还必须包括关键词的。
英文摘要可以用百度翻译，然后复制上去，目录设定很简单，在word或者wps里面有目录设定，选中目录点选那个目录设定可以来设定是一级目录还是二级目录的。
[Abstract] In the 1980s and 1990s last century, the economy developed at a high speed with the sacrifice of damaging the environments which caused serious environmental problems and social problems. Gov and society began to think about it, therefore in the process of production and manufacturing, enterprises should take the corporate social responsibility (CSR). With the improvement of social system, many enterprises have realized the problem of social responsibility. More and more enterprises find that it is not contradicted beeen achieving the individual economic goal and fulfilling the social goal. To enhance the consciousness and initiative of fulfilling the social responsibility, enterprises should fulfill the social responsibility to convey related information to the society. It plays a key role to develop the social responsibility and social responsibility investments because it can better bring in the public opinion pressure and Gov supervision. High moral standards aord with the enterprises’ long-term benefit which will help gain reputation and trust in the daily operation and long-term cooperation. Enterprises can really catch the advantage of taking the social responsibility, the policy and regulation that push the enterprises to fulfill the social responsibility so that to find appropriate conduct system. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate obligation, significance of social responsibility, harmonious society
This thesis presents a detailed *** ysis of the current situation of the private enterprises of Chaoshan, gave emphasized *** ysis on both the advantage of its development and problems lied in, and found out the advantages as well as limitations of the district of Chaoshan. On the basis of this, this thesis also studied on the New Wenzhou Mode, while in the meantime proposed advices on the future development of private enterprises of Chaoshan district in view of strategy.
英文摘要格式如下：
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。
4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词：“Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。每个关键词使用四号字。
论文摘要应包含以下内容：
（1）从事这一研究的目的和重要性。
（2）研究的主要内容，指明完成了哪些工作。
（3）获得的基本结论和研究成果，突出论文的新见解。
（4）结论或结果的意义。
以上内容参考：百度百科-摘要
以上内容参考：百度百科-论文摘要
英语毕业论文提纲模板
紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束，毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板，希望能够帮助到大家。
Acknowledgements 4-6
Contents 6-10
List of Figures 10-12
List of Tables 12-20
Abstract 20-22
摘要 23-25
Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32
Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29
Significance of the study 29-30
Organization of the study 30-31
A note on terminology 31-32
Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51
T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35
Defining coherence 32-33
T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42
T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42
T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44
The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47
Training in T/TP 47-49
Summary 49-51
Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70
Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55
Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53
Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54
Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55
Theme and thematic progression 55-70
Theme 56-62
Thematic progression 62-70
Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88
The participants and the educational context 70-73
Background of the participants and the participating school 70
The allocation of participants to the training 70-71
The sample sizes 71-72
The pilot study 72-73
The interventional procedures 73-74
The questionnaire 74-75
The training 75-80
Considerations behind the training 75-76
The training material 76-79
The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80
Data analysis 80-86
Analysis of the writing 80-86
Analysis of the questionnaire 86
Ethical considerations 86-88
Informed consent 86-87
Anonymity 87
Harm 87-88
Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115
Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100
Interpersonal Themes 100-102
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107
Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110
Summary 110-115
Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137
Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126
Interpersonal Themes 126-129
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131
Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132
Summary 132-137
Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155
Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145
Interpersonal Themes 145-147
Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149
Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150
Summary 150-155
Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165
Findings from closed questions 155-160
EEL participants' general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157
EEL participants' perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158
EEL participants' perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159
EEL participants' perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160
Findings from open questions 160-164
The changes that occurred 161-162
The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163
The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163
EEL participants' suggestions for future training 163-164
Summary 164-165
Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195
Findings with regard to research questions 165-187
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181
Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 181-187
Positioning the study within the literature 187-190
T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 187-189
Effects of training on Chinese college students' use of T/TP 189-190
Implications 190-194
Pedagogical implication 190-193
Methodological implication 193-194
Limitations 194-195
Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200
Summary 195-197
Putting everything together 197-199
Suggestions for future work 199-200
Notes 200-202
References 202-214
Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215
Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217
Appendix 3: Training material 217-229
Appendix 4: Teachers' guide to the training 229-237
Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238
Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239
Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239
中文摘要 3-4
ABSTRACT 4
Chapter One Introduction 7-10
Motivation of the present study 7-8
Significance of this study 8
Composition of this thesis 8-10
Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19
Language production 10-14
L1 Production 10-11
L2 Production 11-12
Dimensions of language production 12-14
Theories on oral output 14-15
Skehan’s dual-model system 14
Swain’s Output Hypothesis 14-15
Task Repetition 15-17
Task 15-16
Task repetition 16-17
Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19
CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25
Research justification and questions 19
Hypothesis 19-20
Methods 20-25
Participants 20-21
Material 21
Research design 21-23
Measures 23-25
Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41
Results and Analysis 25-34
Quantitative analysis 25-27
Qualitative analysis 27-34
Discussion 34-41
Fluency 34-36
Complexity 36-38
Accuracy 38-39
interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41
Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44
Conclusion and implication 41-43
Limitations and recommendations 43-44
Acknowledgements 44-45
References 45-49
Appendixes 49-54
A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50
B. The same-content task 50-51
C. The different-content task 51-52
D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53
E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54
F. Sample of writing repetition task 54
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
Research Background
Significance of the Study
Research Goals and Questions
Data Collection and Methodology
Analysis Procedures
Organization of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
Introduction to Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad
Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home
Studies on Personal Statements
Introduction to Personal Statement
Summary
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
An Overview of Attitude System
Affect Resources
Judgment Resources
Social Esteem
Social Sanction
Appreciation Resources
Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Summary
Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies
Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study
References
Acknowledgements
英语论文摘要怎么写?英语论文摘要格式模板(附范例)
英语论文摘要
英语专业毕业论文摘要怎么写
英文论文摘要怎么写
怎么写好英语论文摘要
……
这些都是百度知道中网友们提出来的热点话题，在此我为大家总结了英语论文摘要的写法，英语论文摘要的格式参考，并附上范例一则，希望对大家的英语论文摘要写作有所帮助。
英语专业本科毕业论文论文摘要格式
中英文摘要对应，内容要基本保持一致;中文在前，英文在后。字数为300-500字左右。
1.中文摘要
①首行居中打印论文中文标题(宋体四号加粗)
②下空一行居中打印“摘要”二字(宋体小四号加粗)，字间空一字符。
③“摘要”二字下空一行打印摘要内容(宋体小四号)。
④摘要内容后下空一行打印“关键词”三字(宋体小四号加粗)，其后接着打印关键词(3-7个，宋体小四号)，各关键词之间用逗号隔开，最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。
2.英文摘要
①首行居中打印论文英文标题(Times New Roman四号加粗)
②下空一行居中打印英文单词“Abstract”(Times New Roman小四号加粗)。
③下空一行打印摘要内容(Times New Roman小四，倍行距，两端对齐)
④摘要内容后下空一行打印“Key Words”( Times New Roman 小四号加 粗)，其后接着打印关键词(3-7个关键词，Times New Roman小四号)。除了专有名词外，其他单词的首字母不大写。各关键词之间用分号隔开，最后一个关键词后不打标点符号。
⑤摘要正文各自然段首行空5个字符。
Self-Knowledge of Emma
(空1行)
Abstract
(空1行)
Emma lives in a quite simple environment. When she is a little child, her mother dies and she is spoiled by her father. Having such a background, Emma is dominant, aggressive and imaginative. After she experiences the two major affairs in her life----the relationship with Harriet and her emotion towards Mr. Knightley, she realizes her own faults and acquires self-knowledge of both moral faults and emotion.
After Emma fails to be a match-maker of Harriet and Mr. Knightley, she comes to know that feelings can not be imagined and that she should not force her own idea on others’ mind. And this is the very beginning of Emma’s self-knowledge.
(空1行)
Key Words: Emma; characters; match-making; self-knowledge
范例：
A Brief Discussion on Cultural Difference between Chinese and English
Abstract
Word is the product of society,which is the history of mankind and which is the crystallization of history and embodied a nation's social consciousness from generation to generation, history, culture, and other areas all the features of human society. The essence of which is dependent because of their different cultural background, language background and traditional factors above. chinese and english are quite as mode of living,values,atandard of behavior,formality,customs. Language is is both the carrier and the product of culture, the cultural enrichment of information is an important part of culture, Language reflects the culture of development and changes, but also a direct reflection of the cultural we all know china and english has different cultural atmosphere .china has a long history and rich culture. English in the contemporary world political, economic, cultural and other fields to play with temporary no other language can replace the role of English in a number of countries in addition to the mother tongue but also as a second language or foreign language in common use in many countries. As a symbol system, "English" is a kind of language, on their use, in today's world there are all sorts of "English" and "English" is in fact the name of a simple terms, we can not hope that justice Literal It is a single, homogeneous phenomenon it is all around the world and under different circumstances the use of the many variants of the English pool. However, due to geographical, historical, cultural, and social customs of different factors such as the impact of today's visit to English furniture has evolved into a wider impact on the two variants of the worldwide English, which is British English and American English. With the development of their own language, their own characteristics of the formation, and there are differences between. In American English and British English, is concerned about the characteristics of the "norms" word. In this paper, the British and American English in origin and development of a simple introduction, the United Kingdom and the United States in terms of language study and to explore differences in the two English-speaking characteristics and differences, the right to express and enrich the relevant knowledge of English, improve application English ability.
Key word: dependent; culture; atmosphere
中西方文化差异
摘要
词是社会的的结晶，是人类历史和文化的结晶。它凝聚着一个民族世代相传的社会意识，历史文化，风俗习惯等各方面人类社会所有的特征。不同的文化背影和文化传统，使中西方在思维方式，价值观念，行为准则和生活方式等方面也存在有相当的文化差异。语文是文化的载体，词汇是文化信息的浓缩，是语言的重要组成部分，它反映着文化的发展和变化，同时也直接反映着文化的差异。我们都知道中西方有着不同的文化氛围。中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化遗产。英语在当今世界政治、经济、文化等领域发挥着暂时无其他语言可以替代的作用，英语除了是一些国家的母语之外，还作为第二语言或通用外语在许多国家使用。作为一种符号系统，“英语”是一种语言，就其使用情况而言，当今世界存在着各种各样的“英语”，“英语”这个名称事实上只是一个简单的称呼，我们不能望文生义地认为它是一种单一的，同质的现象;它是在世界各地和各种不同情况下使用的许多英语变体的集合。但是由于地理、历史、文化、社会习俗等不同因素的影响，当今的英语之行演化成为家具有广泛影响的两种世界性的英语变体，那就是英国英语和美国英语。随着语言本身的发展，它们之形成各自的特点，并且相互间存在差异。在美国英语和英国英语方面，关注的特点在于“规范”两字。本文对英、美英语的起源和发展简单介绍后，就英、美语在词汇方面的差异研究并探讨这两种英语的特点及其差异，有利于正确地表达、丰富相关的英语知识，提高运用英语的能力。
关键词：:独立;文化;氛围
在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等 教育 体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于 毕业 英语论文 范文 大全的内容，欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》 读后感 [摘要]：《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海 故事 。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题，诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来，宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微，水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情，最后水手内心发生转变，以新的态度对待自然，为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]：老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父，被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学，熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学，与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命，但又都害怕革命暴力，于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区，致力于写诗，并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，于是远离城市，隐居于昆布兰湖区，寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇，以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年，两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国 留学 ，被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区，与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾，故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加，1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物，令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真，并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设，不仅影响过他的同时代人，也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈，而且，对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者，仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位，是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。 二、《苦舟子咏》简介 《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事：一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开，赶快去赴宴，却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住，不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风，暴风过后，这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此，厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中，那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动，老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去，仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船，水手们一个个都死在甲板上，每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人，只有他没有死。后来，他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦，使死尸们站了起来，仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风，船却渐渐地移动。于是，这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸，出来迎接。但在他到这船之前，它却突然地沉下了，留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来，他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦，便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着，一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来，方才觉得舒服。 三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的 口号 是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张，又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用，而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步，因为它否定了人身依附关系，肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权，肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话，肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以，它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展，对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。 西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在，万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为：上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。 在这两种思想的支配下，作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁，表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物，他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物，也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意，违反自然规律，射死了无辜的信天翁，必然要受到惩罚。于是，灾难来了：风停了，船无法前进，阳光酷热，水手们口干舌燥。这时候，有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆，将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时，老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是，他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为，在道德情感系统中，羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后，就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为，道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说：“凡出自不公正的情感所作的，就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好，并且情感的内容有益于社会，而且还是以有益于社会方式施行，或有所感动，这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现，表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制，常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中，痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的，是低级形式的羞耻感，可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么，羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚，只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物，它激活潜在的思维和力量，专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为，促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏，那他将对道德不屑一顾，达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时，羞耻感要以自尊为前提，一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的，更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近，没有自尊的防卫，就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻，惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误，于是惶惶终日，不断自责自己。 事态进一步发展，在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了，但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去，只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重，导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中，一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析，是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情，感情是对需要的体验，是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素，推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素，推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后，良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为，它便于进行自我谴责，使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责，往往能形成一种力量，促使人们改正自己的行为。 后来，老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法，他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤，孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔，从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸，并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析，是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下，从而进行的对自己内心的深刻 反思 。通过反思，要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案，明白来者可追，逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中，要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思，主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。 故事的最后，老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕：他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人，让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众，承认自己的错误，说出自己的故事，解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔，但还是有种负罪感难以释怀，于是他渴望被人理解，宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样，当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候，不要封闭自己，找一个忠实的听众，把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好 方法 。 总之，柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称，其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶，生与死等哲学问题，宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上，而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面：时而风平浪静，沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起，一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时，柯尔律治并不熟悉大海，但他能凭借想象，使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织，把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体，充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上，长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉，炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体，而长诗的音韵与节奏之美，也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]： 《英美文学选读》 天津大学出版社出版 《英国文学简史》 河南人民出版社出版 《道德心理学》 中南大学出版社出版 毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的 文化 对比分析与翻译 一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段，为适应社会生产活动的需要，在符号的帮 助下产生的。"(苏金智，19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科 学的数字世界里，它的功能是计算，秩序严谨，职司分明，是 实数;而在人类 心灵的数字世界中，它的功能是表义，许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦，1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响，数 字的神化存在着东西方的差异 ，但也存在着共性，有着共同的规律。在"数的 灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天 数"，而西方人 也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚 化"的过程。( 王秉钦，1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文， 如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数 科学语言》(商务印书馆，1998)，英国人伦拉德·法 拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作 和论文，并开展过学术探 讨。如，王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围 比较 与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页， 语文出版社，1991，1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语 比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上，英汉文化对比专 业委员会会 员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模 式》展开了激烈的 讨论。本人认为东方人，尤其是中国人，自己心目中的天数 是"九"而不是"三"，也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。 二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析 在我国，人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色 彩的数字， 是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning)，在我国可 以说历时最久，涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一 般数字，在中国古代被 认为是一种神秘的数字，它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字，继而演化出"神 圣" 之意，于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋，便竭 力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天 分九层，极言其高，天证/诞日为正月初 九，天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例 如，北京 城有九门，天安门城楼面阔九问，门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。 汉语词汇中也常 用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓，如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。 根据阴阳五行与数的关系，万物之根均为数，宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10，五行也是数，按传统的五行 理论来划分，则1、2为木：1为阳木，2为阴 木。以3、4为火：3为阳火，4为阴火。以5、6为土：5为阳土，6为 阴土。 以7、8为金：7为阳金，8为阴金。以9、10为水：9 为阳水，10为阴水。这 就是将"象"、"数"与五行 结合起来推演变化，用以显示事物发展变化的内 在联系。由此看来，"九"是最大的阳数，象征着天。 传说 古 代中国人把天分 为九层，九层天是天的最高处，汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空， "九霄云外" ，"九天揽月"，"九天九地"等。另外，天坛，这个明清两代 祭天的场所，其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象 征意义。 民间传说中还有"九头 鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。 中国人以"九"为大数，刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道："凡数 指其极者，皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说："天地之数，始于一，终于 九。"因此，汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因 从"九"为数之 极而引出人生之限，故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎"，避讳有“九”之 岁。例如：“ 老太太因明年八十一岁，是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般 认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征，因 为"九"与"苦"同音，因此忌讳 "九"。然而，《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点 ，采 用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计，结果发现 将"九"作为姓的只占极 少数(约占)，而将"九"作为名的却不少(约 占35%)。看来，日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。 此外，《词源》中说："九：虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时，是数的一种 语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词 典》中，"九"的意思有三个：(1)数目，八加一 后所得;(2)从 冬至 起每九天是一个"九"，从一"九" 数起，二"九"、三 "九"，一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九，夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次： 九泉，三 弯九转等。因此， 汉语中有不少和"九"有关的 成语 。如："九牛一 毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。 在我国，数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十 分丰富。如，"九州"是指传 说中的我国上古行政区划，后用作"中国"的代 称。因此，有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns)，古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子，各有所好"。因此，《红楼梦》第九回 中用"一龙生九种，种种各 别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多，龙蛇混杂，好坏不一，各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外，在文娱、体育等词汇中，数字"九"也比比皆是。如， 许多歌名都以"九"开头："九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中，"九柱戏"(nine pins)，兵器中 有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。 地名中也有一些以"九"开头的，如"九 寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外，中国人常把" 九"看成 为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时，人们宁愿多出 钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比 如，湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。 在西方，数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说， "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。 英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中 对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多，分别有： 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members, baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。 其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有： a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律：数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运 用于文娱和体育活动中。如， 保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球 球场有一十八个洞：跳子棋的棋板上各 方均为九个孔; 古 时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来，数字"九" 也倍 受西方人的青睐。 总之，在东西方文化中，数字"九"含有以下主要共性： 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字， 其象征意义均有"神 圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中，数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。 数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于：对中国人来说，其神奇色 彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意 义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其 涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。 三、数字"九"的翻译问题 罗马西塞罗说过："翻译不是字当句对，而是保留语言的总风格和力 量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、 虚化了的"虚数"，"实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论，结合 东西方文 化的共性与个性，可采用如下的翻译方法，并遵循以下的翻译原则。 可采取的翻译方法主要有： (一)保留原数字 . We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了，它并没死，只失掉九条命中的一条。 这样翻译过来，人们很容易接受，因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语， 并能够促进东西方文化的融合 。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现"， 这样翻译可以加深对奈 达的"对等"和纽马克的"转 换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字 比如，"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如 ，"九九归一，还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均 舍弃了数字，转译其 形象意义。 应遵循的原则主要有： (一)民族性原则 比如，汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力"，《汉英词典》(外研社，1996)的译 文有三个："strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”，成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转 化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则 比如："匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子，月下嫦娥，那魂灵都飘到九霄云外 去了。"(《儒林外史》)， 其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译 文因遵循了"习语性原则"， 充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则 数字用于模糊意义时，一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时， 必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其 与 其它 的词结合后所产生的形象意义。 比如："飞流直下三千尽，疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 "，因此，可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢： 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文
有很多的同学在写英语 作文 的时候，也会写一些经典的议论文，我整理了相关范文，希望会对大家有所帮助！
英语作文范文带中文翻译
Manyyearsago,themovieabouttheyouthbecameverypopular,everyyear,wecanseemanyhotmoviesabouttheprotagonist’’youthareaboutfighting,’intention,’syouth,forwhichtheydon’.
【翻译】很多年以前，关于青春的电影很受欢迎，此后每年，我们都可以看到很多热门电影是关于主人公逝去的青春。人们喜欢回忆他们逝去的青春，这才是让这类电影好卖的原因。但是我发现了这些电影的共同点，那就是所有的主人公的青春都是关于大家，恋爱和其他消极的东西。我明白导演们的意图，他们想要告诉人们青春是不完美的，存在遗憾。当然电影是夸张化的，真正的青春是关于学习，至少，大部分人是如此努力的学习，为了进入理想的大学。电影所刻画的弥补了一些人的青春，对于他们没有机会去体验这些东西。我们不应该被电影误导，对于青少年来说，他们的工作是学习，这样他们才能有一个美好的未来。
高中英语作文范文80词
’’tworryaboutlosingface,.
我喜欢英语。我觉得我可以和你分享一下我的英语学习方法。首先，培养对英语的兴趣。我的方法是看国外电影。一开始，我会留着字幕一起看。之后我就会不看字幕，只留英文。渐渐地，我对英语表现出极大的兴趣。其次，背诵词汇。词汇是学习英语的必要根基。这一点你只能强迫自己去背了。第三，完全理解基本语法。如果我不懂基本语法，我会很难理解一整个句子的意思。最后但并非最不重要的是要多说。学习语言的基本目的就是进行沟通。因此，尽可能多的用英语交谈。不要担心丢脸，因为每个人都会犯错误的。这些就是我的方法。
英语作文100词左右带翻译——珍惜时间
(this)(inanyway).Forthisreason,wemay(can)saythattimeismorevaluablethanmoney.
(this)(keep)inmindthatwastingtimeisequaltowastingyourlife.
【翻译】英国有句谚语说，时间就是金钱。我认为这是不对的。为什么？因为我们大家都知道我们能够用工作赚钱，但无论如何却无法把时间争取回来。基于此种理由，我们可以说时间比钱钱更宝贵。
许多人不知爱惜时光。这确实是可惜的。我们必须记住浪费时间等于浪费生命。
毕业了，我们说好不哭泣，可散伙饭那天眼泪却不听话的流出来了。毕业了，也许还会怀念寝室卧谈会那轻松，愉悦的感觉。毕业了，不再为作业，论文烦恼了，可却要面临更加艰巨的挑战。下面是关于毕业感人英语句子的内容，欢迎阅读！ 1、再见了，学生证。 Goodbye, student ID card. 2、看着毕业照，好想哭。 Looked at graduation photos, really want to cry. 3、相逢是问候，分手是祝福！ Meet is a greeting, break up is a blessing! 4、我想要一段永不毕业的友情。 I want a friendship that never graduated from school. 5、在毕业照上面，我们笑的多美好。 In graduation photo above, we laugh more beautiful. 6、同桌至上，这个夏天，我们不毕业。 Sit at the same table first, this summer, we do not graduate. 7、毕业季。友情不毕业，青春不毕业。 Graduation season. Friendship does not graduate, youth does not graduate. 8、记得在毕业典礼上说来不及说的话。 Remember the graduation ceremony, said the words can not say. 9、大学几年，长了见识，也长了头发。 A few years of University, long experience, but also long hair. 10、我们赢得起，输的起，有什么可怕的！ We win, lose, there's nothing to be fearful of! 11、最后的一科，老师和同学们都哭成了一片。 The last section, the teachers and students are crying into a piece of. 12、同桌，没我在身边唠叨，会不会有些不习惯。 Sit at the same table, without me nagging, will not have some not used. 13、也许一个转身，真的是永远恴别离毕业赠言。 Maybe a turn, it is always stainless parting graduates. 14、大学毕业那天，你就拿着你家户口本来接我吧。 University graduation day, you take your home account had to pick me up. 15、下辈子再上大学，一定找一所晚上11点不熄灯的。 My next life to the University, must find a 11 . no lights. 16、毕业以后我们不哭。但是不争气的泪水还是划落了下来。 We don't cry after graduation. But disappointing tears still fall down. 17、下一个夏天，教室里又会坐满了，可惜再也不是我们了。 Next summer, the classroom will be filled again, but it is not us. 18、毕业了，也许还会怀念寝室卧谈会那轻松，愉悦的感觉。 After graduation, may miss the bedroom lying on the relaxed and joyful feeling. 19、毕业照上，并没有我们灿烂的笑容。因为我们即将分离。 Graduation photos, and not our brilliant smile. Because we are about to separate. 20、彼此间不需要再多的言语，这一刻，只要紧紧的拥抱就够了。 Between each other do not need more words, this moment, as long as the tight hug is enough. 21、要毕业了，想到再看不见那些甜甜的酒窝，心就莫名的失落。 To graduate, want to see those dimples, heart inexplicable loss. 22、毕业相总会有那么一两个人会抢了你费尽心机准备好的镜头。 There will always be one or two people will be robbed of your ready to grab the lens. 23、感谢所有所有大学这3年来的同学们，我会记得，一辈子的记得。 Thank all the students in the University for 3 years, I will remember, a lifetime of remember. 24、相逢又告别，归帆又离岸，是往日欢乐的终结，未来幸福的开端。 Meet and bid farewell to the sail and offshore, is the end of the past happy, the beginning of the future of happiness. 25、和我一起走过四年的同窗如今就要分别了，想想心里就无比伤痛。 And I walked through the four years of the students are now, respectively, to think about the pain in the heart. 26、我也并不是总舍不得你走，只是总想看见你的笑容，听你的笑声。 I don't always want to leave you, just want to see your smile, hear your laughter. 27、朋友，再会！朋友，珍重！流水匆匆，岁月匆匆，唯有支情永存心中。 Friends, goodbye! Friends, treasure! Running water in a hurry, time in a hurry, only the hearts of love forever. 28、毕业了，我们说好了开心的离开，可散伙饭那天眼泪却不听话的流下来。 After graduation, we say happy to leave, but tears are not obedient farewell dinner that day to flow down. 29、还记得我们一起疯，一起颠的日子吗？我希望毕业后，我们还可以继续。 Do you remember the days when we were together? I hope we can continue after graduation. 30、在俯卧撑的时候，能够偶尔想起曾经一起打酱油的酱友和哪个酱油店…… In the push up time, can occasionally remember once together soy sauce and soy sauce which friends shop...... 31、点半一下子蹦起来，忘记了还要去学校，等洗牙完才发现，已经毕业了。 At half past sprang up and forget about going to school, and a finish found, have graduated. 32、毕业离别时的'伤感。互相登上离开车。充满伤感的车站。飞驰而过的站牌。 Sadness when graduation. Get on each other and get out of the car. A sad station. Fast stop. 33、时间过得好快、好快，让我感觉不到它的速度，没有任何东西可以追上它。 Time passed quickly and quickly, so I can't feel it, nothing can catch up with it. 34、有人居然说，爱情在分别时就会减退，其实心爱之物得不到时滋味更甜美。 Some people actually say that love will decline in the respectively, in fact, when the love is not the taste more sweet. 35、我们用双手紧紧地握别，让感觉在手中轻轻撩过，共享一份难忘的温馨…… We shake hands firmly with both hands, let the feeling in the hands gently brushed, sharing an unforgettable warmth...... 36、离别是暂时的，共度人生是永远的，离别滋生相思情，使我们的爱情更炽热。 Parting is temporary, and the life is forever, leaving the breeding of love, so that our love is more intense. 37、想想曾经同宿舍，毕业过后就各奔前程了，心中真是不舍。同学，前途多珍重。 It has the same dormitory after graduation, the heart is really each one pursues his onward journey, don't give up. Students, the future of many treasure. 38、看着空荡荡的宿舍和柜子，总觉得留下了什么，原来我留下了我对你们的思念。 Looking at the empty dormitory and the cabinet, always feel left behind, I left my missing for you. 39、偶已心有所属，纵是孤栖独宿，亦不随波逐流，有负公子美意，再见还是朋友。 I have been attached, are solitary habitat to sleep alone, did not follow the crowd, there are good friends or negative childe, goodbye. 40、又是一年毕业时。兄弟，疏远的是我们之间的距离，离不开的使我们之间的友谊！ Another year of graduation. Brother, the distance between us is the distance, can not be separated from the friendship between us! 41、今天，我们是亲密的同学；明天，我们将是竞争的对手。愿友谊在竞争中更加深厚。 Today, we are close classmates; tomorrow, we will be competitors. May the friendship be more profound in the competition. 42、不管未来有多长久，请珍惜相聚的每一刻；不管多少个春夏秋冬，我们是永远的朋友。 No matter how long the future, please cherish every moment, no matter how many seasons, we are forever friends. 43、毕业前我们总在埋怨学校这个破地方，毕业后它确实我们最想念的地方，回忆起太多事。 We always complain about school this place before graduation, after graduation, it did we miss the most, remember too much. 44、我多么希望你能留下去，那份千言万语化成的不舍，尽在这不言之中，但那已经不可能了。 How I wish you could stay down, the thousands and thousands of words into the shed, as far as in the words do not, but that was not possible. 45、聚也不是开始，散也不是结束，同窗数载凝的无数美好瞬间，将永远铭刻在我的记忆之中… Poly is not the beginning, is not the end of the school, the number of students to set the number of wonderful moments, will be forever engraved in my memory... 46、白浪给你献花，阳光与你拥抱，海鸥与你话别，啊，生活的大海托着你青春的船只启航了。 Whitecaps give you flowers, sunshine and you hug, the seagulls say good-bye to you, ah, life big hajto with your youth ships set sail. 47、要毕业了，说好了不许哭哦，哭的是小狗哦，要分开了，发誓了不准忘记哦，忘记的是小猪。 To graduate, said not to cry oh, crying is the puppy Oh, to separate, and vowed not to forget Oh, forget the pig. 48、那一天我们毕业了，各自向着自己的目标努力发展，而使我们就像那平行线终究不会交集的。 That day we graduated, each to their own goals and efforts to develop, and make us like the parallel lines will not be the intersection of the. 49、红叶纷飞的枫林里，我们曾拥有多少回忆。那飘舞着的枫叶，将我们带进一个无比美妙的境界。 Fenglin of leaves falling, we have have a number of memories. Wave the maple leaf, will bring us a very beautiful state. 50、毕业前不敢对你说我爱你，是因为我怕你会不理我毕业后不敢，是因为我怕我们会变得更陌生。 I didn't dare to tell you that I loved you before I graduated, because I was afraid that you would not be afraid of me, because I was afraid that we would become more strange. 51、大学生活固然五彩缤纷，但它只是你远航中的一个港湾；而你人生的内容是--港湾之外的征服。 University life is colorful, but it is only you sail away in a harbor; and the content of your life is outside the harbor - the conquest.
毕业留言英语句子（精选60句）
无论是在学校还是在社会中，大家都看到过许多经典的句子吧，不同的句子类型在文章中具有不同的'作用。那么什么样的句子才更具感染力呢？以下是我为大家整理的毕业留言英语句子（精选60句），希望对大家有所帮助。
day,after the alma mater,hear the familiar get out of class whispered,as if we saw the scenes of our heart to play.
graduation,you may have a lot of puzzled,there may be many reluctant,maybe there will be a lot of regret,maybe some regret,maybe there will be many nostalgia.
to all the three years of college students,I will remember,remember all my life.
and bid farewell to the sail and off the coast,is the end of the joy of the past,the beginning of the future happiness.
us waved away,in that infinite space roaming; trance of life on the road,the fate will always meet.
about the same table we have,after the college entrance examination on the future,and my heart is really future more treasures!
is a line,set up the bridge we meet,cut our side of the community; friendship is a altar of wine,far from the north to drink a total of not drunk,he finally meet again and again.
graduation,do not sit in the classroom to listen to the teacher lectures,but to start living for the rush.
do not want to be able to succeed,since the choice of the piece of oasis,it is no longer looking back!
I graduated,when I was living alone,I would raise a cat called the wholesale to accompany me.
graduation,after tears,always does not change,that adhere to is forever.
is the alma mater,that is where you call him eight times a day but not allow others to curse the place.
goodbye,sail voyage,forget the friend,is that you throw the friendship of the cable,virtually tied to my heart.
not think that can be mixed to graduation on the is also important to master the skills.
Yiyi,do not depend on,a thousand words for speechless; you can not forget me,I can not forget you,meet will have a period.
years or long or short have been time to take away,leaving the memories have become a touch of the War.
last sentence: you look at the book,I look at you again.
can the vicissitudes of life,how can there be no painful moment? For the cause,we let the tears of farewell.
let us go to the same sky,chase together,grow together,laugh together.
are lucky,every good time; we have aura,to seize the opportunity,the future in our body.
dear I want to love you well,I have to be happy not graduated
the same table,no I nagging around,will not be some accustomed to.
say good cry,can be scattered food that day tears do not obey the flow out.
if the season stranded,memory precipitation,that thin film with the years of fading,but also rinse out that piece of warmth.
go to school every day,everyone still laugh so bright,imitation brush there are 10 million flowers at the same time our hearts clear,everyones heart,in fact,have a touch of melancholy.
the students recorded on the words you write me,I am happy to shed tears.
is the life of the nectar!It will give the future into the victory,it will stay in our lips,leaving endless memorable.
a college admission notice to sleep,wake up and found a notice into a diploma,that I have been here to sleep.
not extend a career before graduation,let me remember the three years of good.
this hot sun season,we will leave,for a better banquet,more lively.
years we graduated from the scattered things clearly hard to cry but also pseudo-strong.
then on,recall meet each times the soul dream and to the silver cylinder according to,still afraid to meet is a dream.
photo,and we do not have a bright we are about to separate.
of the shelling,are mature to the have any of the past,only the most to each of you,and the finest,years of love.
topic is no longer gossip,learning,replaced by work,the future and marriage.
you go to Cape End of the World,and no matter how long will be separated,I will wait for waiting.
flowers,four years of dreams,it is necessary to bid farewell to the new horn has been ringing to the campus we are going to in the future of life on everyone we can smooth sailing.
fact,graduation is not terrible,terrible is to grow up,before the classmate friends do not remember their own.
is my alma mater,when you first came to anxious to go early,can be really when you want to go,and eager to stay more than a day or two.
classmates break up,Road one: treasure!Alumni reunion tomorrow,he heard: success!
the course of life is a route,where it extends depends on the compass,then the most important thing is to recognize the pointer on the compass.
has a valuable asset,that is - life!Hope you can use it effectively.
gives you an ordinary and precious gift,this is wish you with enthusiasm,work hard to return to life!
youth as hot as the sun,even in the face of frost,but also can melt into Oasis,to nourish the earth,irrigation pastoral.
secret of success lies in the goal of perseverance.
is like Yin Yan,often fly to our window lattice; the opportunity is like a bell,always echoed in our need us to look with the eyes to catch,with the ears to listen.
is like a spark,it can be extinguished,you can burn it,let it burn into a raging fire.
fruit does not belong to the spring of flowers,but belongs to the spring of the sow the seeds of creation in the spring of life,will come to the golden life of the fall!
the snow is covered with green leaves,is colorful,is a bird flower wish you with excellent results to meet the spring!
and real numbers are meaningful; ideas,and only with the action to make a brilliant.
is to strive for something that naturally does not give us.
there is always a round of sediment,but the surging river is always running in the established direction.
is climbing!May you bear the fate of the heavy load,trekking,climbing on a consciousness,character,sentiment,knowledge of the peak of it!
you head high when the chest,my dear child,please pay attention to the foot of the stone or cut off the ditch.
leaves of the bud said: growth!Grow!White flowers said: open!Open!Dark red fruit said:brilliant!Brilliant!
the journey of life,hope you write this joy trilogy.
the picture of life,occasionally cast a gray,does not foretell your sinking,it is important,in the gray to extract the green hope.
18 graduation to the students of the message selected 3 graduation to the students of the message selected 3 no way,we took a road,there are many roads,we hesitated,which go But when we are hesitant,the time has been quietly slip not hesitate,and choose a quasi-one to a solid footprints,to the success of the end,forward!
you have lost a wonderful result in your dream last night; perhaps,you have lost this morning show a colorful vision; perhaps you have lost a beautiful evening in the evening sunset But as long as you never lost your relentless Effort,never lost You constantly improve the self,youth,heater will be full of your life sails.
is no embarrassment of failure,there will be no pride of success; failure is not terrible,as long as they can stand up from failure.
关于毕业的英语句子如下：
1、Nothing seek, nothing find.无所求，则无所获。
2、Victory won't come to me unleI go to it.胜利是不会向我走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。
3、All thing in their being are good for something.天生我才必有用。
4、Failure is the mother of .失败乃成功之母潘恩
5、The good seaman is known is bad weather.惊涛骇浪，方显英雄本色。
6、The darkest hour is that before the dawn.黎明之前最黑暗。
7、A thousand -li journey is started by taking the first step.千里之行始于足下。
8、Boys be ambitious.年轻人应胸怀大志。
9、Nothing in the would is difficult for one who sets his mind on it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
10、A man is not old as long as he is seeking some-thing. A man is not old until Regrets take the place of dreams.只要一个人还有追求，他就没有老，直到后悔取代了梦想，一个人才算老。
1. Parks provide people with a place to amuse themselves and to escape their busy lives for a while
2. Its purpose is to involve visitors in physical exercise and athletic competition
3. Disneyland is named after Walt Disney, the famous film maker
4. there are future parks, where people can go on imaginary trips to space and use advanced computer techniques to experience life in the future
5. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London- so famous indeed that he attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies
6. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera
7. It seemed that the water is to blame
8. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak
9. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and new methods of dealing with polluted water be found
10. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of other plants in the sky make sense
11. How many countries does the UK consist of?
12. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries
13. To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war
14. England is the largest of the four countries and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones
15. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London
16. The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time
17. I still cannot believe that I am taking up my prize that was won last year
18. Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air
19. Think about how many changes there have been in the last one thousand years!
20. My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in this part of space
21. He handed the mask to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for me to rest
22. Never will Zhang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily
23. Only when you have seen what he or she dose, can you cover a story by yourself
24. We say a good reporter must have a “nose” for a story That means he or she must be able to tell when people are not telling the whole truth and try to discover it
25. If the person being interviewed agrees, we sometimes use small recorders to make sure that we get all our facts straight
26. Have you ever had a case where somebody accused your reporters of getting the wrong end of the stick
27. First aid is the kind of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found
28. First aid is a very important first step in the treatment of burns
29. He was honored for carrying out lifesaving first aid on his neighbor after a shocking knife attack
30. It was John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved her life
高中生英语的好句子精选
1. Some actors can astonish us with the deep feelings they can inspire in us for a character they are playing
2. Chaplin produced, directed, and wrote the movies he starred in
3. In he was given a special Oscar for his lifetime outstanding work
4. You do not want to disappoint your boss, and this is an exciting experience for you, so you stand watching and listening
5. Not all cultures greet each other in the same way, nor are they comfortable touching strangers or being too close or too far away
6. A smile is the universal facial expression—it is intended to put people at ease
7. If you stand with your arms across your body, you are always protecting yourself from being physically attacked
8. In general, it is better not to kiss somebody you don’t know as you may surprise them
9. The big companies that own theme parks expect to make a profit not just by the charges for admission, but also by selling souvenirs in their shops and advertising them on television.
parks have a certain idea--- a certain theme----that the whole park is based on.
高考英语作文万能句子
1.首先，尤其重要的，最重要的above all
2.偶然，无意中by accident
3.对(于)…很积极be active in
4.合计为add up to
5.承让错误admit one’s mistake
6.接受某人的建议take/follow one’s advice
7.就…提出建议give advice on
8.建议某人做某事advice sb. to do sth.
9.后天the day after tomorrow
10.深吸一口气take a deep breath
11.屏息;憋住气hold one’s breath
12.上气不接下气out of breath
13.刷牙brush one’s teeth
14.突然哭起来burst into tears
15.突然一阵大笑a burst of laughter
16.要不是but for
17.呼救声a call for help
18.保持镇静(别慌)keep calm
19.保持安静(别吵)keep quiet
20.保持不动(别动)keep still
21.保持沉默(别说话)keep silent
22.夏令营a summer camp
23.去野营go camping
24.情不自禁…cannot help doing
25.由…负责in the charge of
在英语教学中, 英语 作文 的写作是教学的重点和难点。加强对学生作文的批改,并且对该作文进行多次评价在提升英语教学质量方面有着积极的意义。下面是我带来的高中英语万能作文 句子 ，欢迎阅读!高中英语万能作文句子篇一 1实现梦想 realize one's dream/ make one's dream come true 2.我们还有很长的路要走 We still have a long way to go. 3. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到 教育 ，大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。 4. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。 5. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that ……尽管这一观点被广泛接受，很少有证据表明…… 6. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事实上，我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。 7. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。 8. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.从这几年我搜集的信息来看，这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。 9. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.即使最优秀的 毕业 生，要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。 10. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary(意想不到的) progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.人们普遍认为现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化，近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。 11. By taking a majorrelated partjob, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, they will never be able to get from the textbooks.通过做一份和专业相关的工作，学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力，而且能获得从课本上得不到的 经验 。 12. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期，缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。83. In addition to the obvious problem-loneliness, another major obstacle, in my opinion, is the alien environment of campus.除了孤独这一明显的问题之外，我认为另一个困难是对校园环境的不熟悉。 13. 从另一个角度 from another perspective 14.做出共同努力 make joint efforts 15.眼前利益 short-term interest 高中英语万能作文句子篇二 1) As for me, I am on the latter part of the argument. The reasons are as follows. 至于我，我支持争论的后半部分。原因如下： 2) From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. 在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。 3) The following reasons can account for my inclination. 如下的原因可解释我的倾向。 4) To make myself as plain as I can, I should give my standards for … 为使我的观点更加清楚，我给出我关于…的标准。 5) I disbelieve, and therefore strongly resent, the claim that … 我不相信，因此强烈反对，这一主张，即… 6) My final and perhaps my best reason for not doing something is … 我不做某事最终的，或许最好的理由是… 7) For the same reason, it matters to me that … 同样原因，我很在乎… 8) For these reason, I recommend that … 出于这些原因，我推荐/建议… (recommend做建议讲时，接从句要用虚拟，即谓语用(should)+动词原形) 9) My answer is that …. I have several reasons, and they’re good ones. The first is the one that … 我的回答是…。我有几个理由而且它们是很充分的理由。第一个是… 10) My view is that … 我的观点是… 11) Like almost everybody else, I believe that … 正如几乎所有人一样，我相信… 12) I just don’t get excited over the idea of … 我对…主张并不感到激动。 13) I’m not entirely convinced of … 我并不完全信服… 14) I cannot entirely agree with the idea that … 我无法完全同意这一观点… 15) I’m not suggesting that … 我并不是建议… (该句中suggest做建议讲要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形) 16) I do not choose to … merely because I feel that … 我没有选择…知识因为我觉得… 17) I have nothing against something. But … 我并不反对某事，但… 18) I think it’s time we put a stop to something. 我认为是我们停止某事的时候了。(it’s time (that) 后的从句要用虚拟，既(should)+动词原形) 19) I find the statement of … to be too narrow. 我觉得…的观点过于狭隘。 20) I can tell you from experience that … 凭我的经验可以告诉你… 21) Personally, I am standing on the side of … 就个人而言，我站在…的一边。 22) Although doing something might seem a wild idea, I believe that … 虽然做某事似乎狂妄，但我相信… 23) At an individual level, I feel that … 从我个人的角度出发，我觉得… 24) I sincerely believe that … 我真诚地相信… 25) But for me, I would rather think of the matter in an (optimistic) way. 至于我，我宁愿以乐观的态度来看待这一问题。 高中英语万能作文句子篇三 But I do not think that this view can hold water. 但我并不认为这一观点能站得住脚。 It is not half so important to do something as it is to do something. 和做某事相比，做某事的重要性连一半都不及。 There are some people who hold that …. And on the other hand, there are some other people whoargue that…. Both opinions are very popular…. But I cannot accept either view. 有一些人认为…，然而还有另外一些人认为…。上述两种观点都很流行，但我两种观点都不能接受。 Although many people (believe) that …, I doubt whether the (argument) bears further (analysis). 虽然有许多人相信…，但我怀疑这个论点能否经得起进一步的推敲。 In my opinion, it is more advisable to do something than to do something. 在我看来，做…比做…更明智。 In the nationwide discussion, many people suggest that …. But I argue that … 在全国范围内的讨论中，许多人提出…。但我却认为… (该句suggest引导的从句应用虚拟。) As opposed to widely held belief, I believe that … 与普遍接受的看法不同，我认为… From a personal perspective, I also prefer to … 从个人的角度来看，我也喜欢… Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why I would choose to …最后，坦白地讲，我选择…还有一个更为现实的原因。 Some people think that …. To be frank, I cannot agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 一些人认为…，坦白地讲，我不赞同他们的观点，理由如下： The situation is not rare. It is one of many examples I have encountered. 这种情景并不少见，它也是我遇到的许多情况之一。 There is another reason why I cast my preference for … 我倾向于…还有另外一个原因
最后一段的The poet used visual imagery, abstract image, tactile image, gustatory imagery, auditory imagery and kinesthetic imagery to fully mobilize and has effectively stimulated readers a variety of senses, so that readers in the visual, tactile, auditory and taste can understand and feel the arrival of autumn, autumn's omnipresent and autumn to be riotous with colour the fruits of autumn, and the music. Poets use these images to abstract, invisible, intangible, empty, fuzzy fall into specific, palpable, appreciable, visual, vivid autumn, empty feeling becomes real sense, invisible autumn is endowed with specific shapes and colors. Originally lifeless autumn also with life and power. Full of vitality, vigor and vitality. The golden autumn everywhere is a school full of vigour, fruitful prosperity, one is to the colorful world of art.
In this poem the poet used concrete visual image, taste, olfactory, tactile imagery imagery imagery and auditory imagery. Through a series of images, so that readers such as the history of its king, feel rich visual image ( Visual image ): the poem with many describing specific things the visual imagery, such as the first day, fourth lines, seventh lines in the" round the thatch eaveS"," to be: Nd withapples"," to swell the gourd"," plump the hazel sheHs", a piece of autumn all mature full picture unfolds before our eyes. In the second section, third lines fourth lines" a 'nee sittin careless Oil ] a granary floor, hair soft, hhed by by the winnowing wind;" the poet described as if let us to see a woman sitting in a barn on the ground, with the wind blowing hair to the king as, produce the visual enjoyment of olfactory image ( Olfactory image ) : the case of the second section of the third lines of" Drows ' dwith thefume ofpoppies" we seem to smell the field of poppies strong fragrance, has the beautiful olfactory : the first section such as gustatory image" sweet kernel" and" ripeness to the core" we seem to enjoy the autumn day ripe apples are sweet and delicious sweet and hazel nuts, give a person with taste of beauty, enables the reader to see at the same time, it also enjoy the autumn fruit. These gustatory image inspires readers to Feng Shuo autumn desire and tactile image ( Tactile image ): this poem has many touch sense words and phrases. Such as" load and bless"," bend","""," SweH"," plump"," soft - lifted"," winnowing wind"," sound asleep, borne aloft", when the reader this poem, autumn day is no longer abstract, it becomes visible, touchable concrete autumn, deepen the readers of autumn scenery visual sound image ( Auditory image ): rhythm and sound together we call poetry music" [3 ] ( P 180) [3 ] Laurence Perrine . Sound and Sense: An Introduction to Poetry [M ]. Harcourt: Brace & World Inc, 1991 poets spectrum gave us a beautiful autumn song. As of third the last seven lines, the poet describes the " gnats iilourn"," full - grown lambs loud bleat"," H tge crickets sirIg"," the red breast whistle gathering swallows twitter. '"". The autumn come into many specific biological: insects, flock, crickets, Robin and group flying swallow, in the bright autumn light, seems to have heard the sad bird, creatures of nature who bemoans the fact that autumn day is short and the winter near near. Multiple voices appear alternately, as poetry adds a layer of deep beauty of artistic conception and the hazy beauty of color .... An outstanding poet will make the sound to his , forming a sound style ( if it can be phrased it). No doubt, the sound has the amazing power, it can make the image is stamped in the reader's mind." [6 ] ( P 105 [6] The Correspondence of Alexander Pope [M ]. Vol. : The Clarendon Press, 1956 and Keats is so. These auditory imagery to a song of autumn passed to the reader's ears, so that readers such as I by the sum up, we can say, the poet using visual images, abstract image, tactile imagery, gustatory imagery, auditory imagery and kinesthetic imagery to fully mobilize and has effectively stimulated readers a variety of senses, so that readers in the visual, tactile, auditory and taste can understand and feel the arrival of autumn, autumn the omnipresent to be riotous with colour and autumn, autumn fruit and music. Poets use these images to abstract, invisible, intangible, empty, fuzzy fall into specific, palpable, appreciable, visual, vivid autumn, empty feeling becomes real sense, invisible autumn is endowed with specific shapes and colors. Originally lifeless autumn also with life and power. Full of vitality, vigor and vitality. The golden autumn everywhere is a school full of vigour, fruitful prosperity, one is to the colorful world of art.