你可以在Google上面搜，里面有免费的英文文献，还有一些付费的或者要账号密码的，可以求助别人，也可以获得~！如果你有同学在大学的或者研究所的，可以请求他们帮助，他们可以通过学校的数据库免费下载文章~！ 其实你附加的问题我不是明白，不过附在参考文献里的文章按理来说是要直接引用的，你是说你引用的话意思是和参考文献中的表述不一致，但是中心思想是差不多的~，是这个意思吗？如果是这样，我觉得你引用的文献也可以附在参考文献中~！希望我的解答对你有所帮助~！
提供两个外文链接。希望有用
Accounting for R&D in the National Accounts Dennis Fixler Bureau of Economic Analysis 24 February 2009 Paper presented at ASSA meetings in San Francisco, January 2009 %20for%20RD_02_pdf Accounting information as political currency* Karthik Ramanna Harvard Business School du and Sugata Roychowdhury MIT Sloan School of Management du This draft: March 31, 2008 Abstract: We test whether accounting can be used as political Our setting is the US congressional election of 2004, where outsourcing of US jobs was a campaign We find that the largest corporate donors to principal candidates in closely watched congressional races manage earnings downwards in the two quarters immediately preceding the 2004 We find no evidence of such downwards earnings management among corporate donors to candidates in all other congressional Election outcomes for candidates are also systematically associated with the extent of donors' downwards earnings management in closely watched races, but not all other The findings are consistent with firms managing accounting information in circumstances where this is likely to benefit allied -pdf 哈佛商学院2008年3月31日
Bibliography China's State Council General Office,(2008) Norms of the State Council General Office on the clean-up activities related to various types of vocational qualification notice, Huang,YQ,(2009) Chapter Four,PPT International Accounting Standards Board,(2003) International Accounting Standards, China Financial and Economic Publishing House MBA,(2009) Materiality Principle, _Principle Peng,F,(2008) Affect the quality of accounting information of the human factors and regulatory response，IFMA Robert,David,Kenneth,NFA,(2007) Accounting:Text and Cases, China Machine Press Wang,YH,(2006) Quality evaluation of financial accounting information to explore a number of issues, Zeng,FY,(2002)On the Behaviour Pattern of the Users of Financial Information, Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences） ·China's State Council General Office,(2008) Norms of the State Council General Office on the clean-up activities related to various types of vocational qualification notice, ·Huang,YQ,(2009) Chapter Four,PPT ·International Accounting Standards Board,(2003) International Accounting Standards, China Financial and Economic Publishing House ·MBA,(2009) Materiality Principle, _Principle ·Peng,F,(2008) Affect the quality of accounting information of the human factors and regulatory response，IFMA ·Robert,David,Kenneth,NFA,(2007) Accounting:Text and Cases, China Machine Press ·Wang,YH,(2006) Quality evaluation of financial accounting information to explore a number of issues, ·Zeng,FY,(2002)On the Behaviour Pattern of the Users of Financial Information, Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences）
[1] Kotaro Ishi，Mark Stone，and Etienne BY Unconventional Central Bank Measures for Emerging Economies[A]IMF， working paper， October， [2] Makoto Minegishi and Boris C Monetary Policy Response to the Crisis and Exit Strategies[A] working paper， September， [3] Peter JM the Role and Effectiveness of Unconventional Monetary Policy[J] The Journal of the Korean Economy， April，2010，vol
同学你好，很高兴为您解答！ [1] 李秀柱 企业管理会计与财务会计的融合[J] 华章 2013(18)[2] 葛家澍,叶凡,冯星,高军 财务会计定义的经济学解读[J] 会计研究 2013(06)[3] 刘英辉 财务会计与管理会计融合的理论与模型构建[J] 中国商贸 2013(05)[4] 秦高翔 企业管理会计与财务会计的融合[J] 中国管理信息化 2013(01)[5] 汤伟 浅谈管理会计在我国企业管理中的应用[J] 市场研究 2012(07)[6] 杨月娟,黄迈 决策有用观与受托责任观问题探讨[J] 企业导报 2012(13)[7] 李玉丰,王爱群 管理会计与财务会计的融合——基于会计价值评价的视角[J] 长春大学学报 2012(05)[8] 曾雪云 会计管理活动论的理论涵义——回顾、重述与展望[J] 上海立信会计学院学报 2011(06)[9] 佟成生,潘飞,吴俊 企业预算管理的功能:决策,抑或控制?[J] 会计研究 2011(05)[10] 王扬 财务会计的本质和特征—基于经济学视角的分析[J] 市场周刊(理论研究) 2011(02)[11] 程艳 新形势下财务会计与管理会计的融合[J] 财会研究 2011(02)[12] 董必荣 企业对外智力资本报告研究[J] 会计研究 2009(11) 希望我的回答能帮助您解决问题，如您满意，请采纳为最佳答案哟。 再次感谢您的提问，更多财会问题欢迎提交给高顿企业知道。[13] 张琼 财务会计与管理会计的融合性研究[J] 会计之友(上旬刊) 2009(10)高顿祝您生活愉快！
cost much more because of the theoretical concept of Cooper Kaplan in 1987, in an article entitled "Cost Accounting System to distort what Qu product costs, "the article which first proposed the" cost drivers "(cost driving factor cost) theory that, in essence, is a function of or interaction with the various independent factors (variables) to drive So what factors are driving a cost, or what the motive force for the cost? Traditionally, businesses (eg, yield) as the sole cost driver (variables) At least that distribution plays a decisive role in restraining its cost, and other factors (motivation), both According to this thinking fluctuation, the full costs into variable costs and fixed two Based on this understanding, as a fundamental analysis and dependent on the volume of production costs in the budget management flexibility in the specific This can be regarded as an effective cost management However, the volume of business is not the only factor driving According to Cooper Kaplan's "successful action by the theory of" cost drivers can be grouped into five categories : number of factors which installment cause, products cause, motivation processing factories From this point of view, we should on the basis of analysis of the various cost drivers, open up and find new ways to control For example, According to activity-based costing (ABC --Activity Based Costing) Cost Driver analysis of the cost of doing business can be divided grounds driven by short-term changes in business motivation costs (such as direct materials, direct wages, and so on) and the motivation driven by the volume of long-term changes in operating costs (mainly indirect costs) Based on this understanding, management may consider in the cost of doing business through the appropriate scale of operation to effectively control costs, usually more conducive to large-scale small scale units to reduce product If procurement costs are not simply constrained by the volume of procurement, and the frequency of purchased large quantities of lower unit cost of procurement; Marketing costs to be incurred by sales volume are not simply restricted, The installment sales with a large number of domestic unit sales to reduce the burden of marketing In such cases, if the analysis of the motivation (variables) and the costs (variable), the relationship between The specific function of cost model can be further used mathematical methods to determine the optimal size of the Management accounting policy described in the optimal order quantity model is a concrete example of Through further analysis can be found, in addition to the objective factors driving Cost will be artificially driven by subjective factors, that is, cost function can be expressed as : cost = f (objective subjective motivation) It is precisely because people have the greatest motivation, man subjective motivation driving the cost of doing business is also an important For example, workers cost management, quality, collective consciousness and awareness of business ownership, work and responsibility, among workers and between workers and the leadership of interpersonal relationships, the level of subjective factors are affecting the cost of doing and thus may be considered as the driving cost From the point of view of cost control, people's subjective motivation has tremendous Practice shows that the responsibility for cost accounting center, controllable cost, the cost of research and analysis actively work to improve cost management in a practical In short, enterprise cost management, it should establish a motive theory based on more than the cost of management Based on the analysis of the establishment of such a fluctuation in the cost of management and often can be induced to produce new ideas and effective cost management
会记电算化原文，是英文，如下：China's accounting work of the late start from the 1970s until the end of the year, try going through the stages of development and self-organized and planned way stage of steady development, the current management accounting software-development In the 20 years of development, has made considerable progress, and commercialization of GM's financial software is widely Many accounting software development has been toward specialization, commercialization and socialization of the However, due to the financial characteristics of the work itself, as well as the rapid development of the network, the rapid rise of e-commerce and so on, a number of advanced, modern things keep cropping up on the accounting system, a higher demand, so that the establishment of modern Enterprise development needs of the new financial system has become Since the accounting is a systematic project, in the process of development there is much work to do, there are many issues to be resolved in a timely manner or face serious obstacle to China's accounting to a deeper This article on China's accounting process and must be resolved on a few First, people's thinking to solve problems Computerization of China's cause of a late start, people thought the idea has not yet fully aware of the significance and importance of Most units are used in computerized accounting in place of hand, is only alleviate the burden on the accounting staff and improve efficiency of the accounting aspects, it does not recognize the establishment of a complete accounting information systems for enterprises, so that the existing accounting information provided Timely and effective decision-making and enterprise management At the same time, software updates and hardware investment in areas such as lack of support, not to mention the establishment of enterprise local area network as well as the registration of their Web site, did not make use of the advantages of information technology to improve the operational efficiency of Accounting for this understanding is very detrimental to the Accounting is the accounting work in computer applications in the short to the computer is represented by modern data-processing tools and information theory, systems theory, cybernetics, databases and computer networks, such as new theories and technology used in accounting Accounting and financial management work to improve the management of accounting and economic benefits, and the realization of the modernization of We must recognize that accounting is not only changed the accounting method in the form of data storage, data-processing procedures and methods to expand the areas of accounting data to improve the quality of accounting information, but also changed the accounting and internal control audit methodology and technology, Thus promoted the theory of accounting and accounting for the further development of technology to improve and promote the accounting management system reform, is the study of accounting theory and accounting practice a fundamental On the face of it, accounting only applies to the computer accounting work to reduce the labor intensity of accountants, accounting to improve the speed and accuracy to the computer to replace manual In fact, accounting is not only accounting tools and methods to improve accounting, and would doubtless have been a division of accounting and personnel changes, and promote the quality of personnel and accounting knowledge structure, accounting efficiency and quality of the all-round improvement Accountants to save time and energy, changing the functions of accounting, accounting theory and accounting to promote technological progress, raise the level of accounting work, a significant increase in economic efficiency of enterprises, accounting theory and practice so that all aspects will be unprecedented in-depth C For example, with a focus on data storage and management features of the "Computerized Accounting", the use of advanced database and data warehouse technology, data classification has focused on storage, the total abolition of a variety of accounting and reconciliation operation, the various statements of the data Able to share data through timely and accurately Second, attention should be paid to accounting theory research Theory is the precursor of action, accounting dependent on the development of computerized accounting theory of the development of computerized accounting theory behind the study, will be restricted accounting software maturity and development, computerized accounting The theory is to guide and promote the new accounting on the basis of constant improvement and development of practice In a sense, the emergence and development of the computerized accounting process, but also break the traditional concept of accounting, the current method of accounting theory and new issues, new issues, as well as research and the establishment of new theories and If the computerized accounting system in the design, work organization, information processing and accounting procedures to deal with ways and means to change itself to the current accounting theory and methods and improve the Although in the short term, the impact of these is the gradual, but in the long run, with the rapid development of electronic technology and computerized information systems of universal application, new problems and new issues will arise, such as: information-processing network After the establishment of enterprises will not only how to achieve the legitimate provision of accounting information in a timely manner, can the effective protection of trade secrets; accounting of the two sub-systems combine to achieve, how to improve the existing financial reporting; information on existing economic theories and methods of accounting have any effect on the And so On the subject of a new in-depth study will become a new accounting theory and methods, and new accounting theory and methods to establish and make computerized accounting on a new basis for further improvement and Traditional accounting theory of how to use the main computer system by hand, and the system did not have higher requirements of the characteristics of its own, this is not Computerized Accounting theoretical research that is the realization of the computerized accounting information systems, accounting procedures and management systems, accounting methods, as well as the use of the computer as the main tool for accounting after the accounting theory, the impact of the accounting system and accounting The work of the new Computerized Accounting theoretical study to determine the electronic accounting information system the basic functions of the system, regulate the operation and characteristics of the interface audit, accounting files, and other basic requirements, it is consistent with the basic requirements of the accounting manual, at the same time, with their own Some of the Computerized Accounting fundamental question of thorough