教学论文参考文献
大学生都需要写论文，在写论文的时候很多人都会为参考文献而烦恼，下面我为大家整理了一些教育类参考文献范例，供大家参考
教学论文参考文献一
[1]陈向明：《质的研究方法与社会科学研究》，北京教育科学出版社2000年版.
[2]李明：《叙事心理治疗导论》，山东人民出版社2006年版.
[3]伍新春、胡佩诚：《行为矫正》，高等教育出版社2005年版.
[4][英]佩恩：《叙事疗法》，曾立芳译，中国轻工业出版社2012年版.
[5]包涵、郑田伟：《国内叙事心理治疗研究小议》，《社会发展》2012年第24期.
[6]吴熙娟：《熙娟叙语一一个咨询师的成长历程》，中国轻工业出版社2013版.
[7]邓红：《甘肃农村初中生厌学心理调查与分析(以榆中县为例)》，《兰州学刊》2008年第9期.
[8]平正、欧阳文珍：《儿童创造力发展支持性因素分析》，《四川教育学院学报》2009年第8期，第92-94页.
[9]李秀婷：《学校社会工作视角下的留守儿童厌学分析--乌兰察布市凉城县第三中学学生为例》，内蒙古师范大学2013年硕士学位论文.
[10]刘亮、赵旭东、缪绍疆：《后现代主义下的叙事治疗及其临床应用》，《上海精神医学》2007年第4期.
[11]马一波、钟华：《叙事心理学》，上海教育出版社2006年版.
[12]施铁如：《学校心理辅导的.叙事方式》，《教育导刊》2006年第1期.
[13]史云云、靳钰炜：《论社会建构主义形成的理论根源》，《科学之友》2008年第4期.
教学论文参考文献二
[1]陈设立：《长宁区学习型城区建设理论与实践探索2009》，上海科学技术文献出版社2010年版.
[2][美]罗伯特·D 帕特南着：《使民主运转起来》，王列、赖海榕译，江西人民出版社2001年版.
[3]陈设立：《长宁终身学习实践与思考2012》，上海科学技术文献出版社2013年版.
[4]何传启：《公民意识现代化》，中国经济出版社2000年版.
[5]季国强：《学习型社区建设与社区教育发展研究》，上海髙等电子音像出版社2008年版.
[6]王林兴：《浦东新区社区教育实验报告选集(三)》，浦东新区社区指导中心2009年版.
[7]叶忠海：《社区教育学基础》，上海大学出版社2000年版.
[8]韩子荣、连玉明：《中国社区发展模式--学习型社区》，中国时代经济出版社2005年版.
[9]张恒山：《卢梭与〈社会契约论〉》，人民出版社2010年版.
[10][美]彼德·圣吉、阿特·克雷纳、夏洛特·罗伯茨等着：《第五项修炼实践篇：创建学习型组织的战略和方法》，张兴等译，东方出版社2002年版.
在一篇严谨科学的小学 教育 论文写作中，引用参考文献论证自己的观点或者理念是十分必要的。下面是我带来的关于小学教育 毕业 论文参考文献的内容，欢迎阅读参考! 小学教育毕业论文参考文献(一) [1]张丹.我国地方政府支出与经济增长的关系研究[D].东北 财经 大学2010 [2]马越越.低碳约束下的中国物流产业全要素生产率研究[D].东北财经大学2014 [3]范丹.低碳视角下的中国能源效率研究[D].东北财经大学2013 [4]颜敏.能力偏误、教育溢价与我国工资收入差异[D].东北财经大学2012 [5]黄万阳.人民币实际汇率错位测度、效应与矫正研究[D].东北财经大学2005 [6]孟军.能源节约、碳减排与中国经济增长[D].东北财经大学2013 [7]潘祺志.我国工业能耗强度变动与节能路径选择[D].东北财经大学2010 [8]张有绪.品牌资产模型与测度 方法 研究[D].东北财经大学2009 [9]徐勇.中国国内旅游业发展及其与经济增长关系的计量分析[D].东北财经大学2012 [10]刘晖.基于盈余管理视角的中国上市公司管理层收购绩效研究[D].东北财经大学2012 [11]卢永艳.基于面板数据的上市公司财务困境预测[D].东北财经大学2012 [12]袁捷敏.产能和产能利用率新测算方法及其应用研究[D].东北财经大学2013 [13]夏艳清.中国环境与经济增长的定量分析[D].东北财经大学2010 [14]关大宇.基于货币政策传导的金融条件指数构建及应用研究[D].东北财经大学2010 [15]黄宇慧.我国粮食供给与需求综合平衡分析[D].东北财经大学2010 小学教育毕业论文参考文献(二) [1] 黄路阳、郇红.小学教育专业的专业定位和培养模式[J].继续教育研究，2009(3)：122～124. [2] 何齐宗.高师教育改革与教师发展[M].北京：中国社会科学出版社，2006.4～6. [3] 黄丽.浅谈数学教学中良好软环境的营造[J].中学教研，2000(8),13～15. [4] 刘久成.建构本科小学教育专业课程体系的思考[J].扬州大学学报，2004(1)：88～90. [5] 李玉.新课程背景下中小学教师专业素质现状调查[J].继续教育研究，2009(9)，：129～132. [6] 柳夕浪.课堂教学临床指导[M].北京：人民教育出版社，1998. [7] 刘兴杰.台湾小学教师素质培养及其启示[J].河南教育学院学报，1997(4)：6～9. [8] 刘瑞琼.高职高专英语教师教学素质提高与自我发展的策略分析[J].中国校外教育,2010(9)：69. [9] 刘聪.区域中小学教师教育科研素养的现状及提高对策[J].新课程学习，2010(12)：191～192. [10]蒋亦华.我国小学教师培养路径的现代特征与实践建构[J].教育理论与实践，2007(5)：26～28. [11]荣鸿利、王丽丽.论小学教师专业素质[J].教师园地，2006(9)：64～65. [12]蔡秀玲.课程改革与小学教师专业素质能力要求[J].教育管理研究，2010(37):60. [13]李瑾瑜. 专业精神——教师的必备素质[J].中小学管理，1997(4)：13～15 [14]李伟诗.浅析小学教师专业素质的特殊性及其专业水准[J].教学与管理，2010(7)：35～36. [15]朱琼敏、洪明.近年来美国中小学教师素质状况和改进举措[J].教师教育研究，2006(1):76～80. 小学教育毕业论文参考文献(三) [1]萧宗六，余白主编.学校管理学新编[M].湖北：华中师范大学出版社，2001. [2]柳斌，方亮主编.21 世纪教师队伍建设与管理实施全书(二)[M].北京：长城出版社，2000. [3]傅树京.教育管理学导论[M].北京：原子能出版社，2007. [4]罗宾斯(Stephen P. Robbins)，戴维 A 德森佐(David A. DeCenzo)，穆恩(Henry Moon).毛蕴诗主译.管理学原理(第六版)[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社，2008. [5]沈振佳主编.小学教育评价[M].广东：广东高等教育出版社，2000. [6]顾明远.教育大辞典[Z].上海：上海教育出版社，1998. [7]陶西平.教育评价词典[Z].北京：北京师范大学出版社，1998. [8]梅新林，吴峰民主编.中国教师队伍建设问题与建议--基于天津、吉林、江苏、浙江、河南、贵州、甘肃七省(市)的调研[M].中国社会科学出版社.2010. [9]赵勇，王安琳，杨文中.美国小学教师[M].北京：北京师范大学出版社，2011. [10]王斌华.教师评价：绩效管理与专业发展[M].上海：上海教育出版社，2005. 猜你喜欢： 1. 幼儿教育教学论文参考文献 2. 教育论文参考文献 3. 网上银行论文参考样本 4. 小学教育毕业论文参考文献 5. 学前教育专业论文参考文献
议论文中的优美句子
真正的成功是把自己喜欢做的事做好，尽量做得完美，让自己满意。接下来我给你们带来议论文中的优美句子，欢迎大家阅读与参考，希望对你们有帮助。
1.给我以慰藉和帮助。是它带给最无助的我以希望。它像一根蜡烛，虽然比不上灯塔的巍峨，但是，他照样能发出光彩夺目的光芒。它并不是那样渺小，它是爱的光环。它无私的燃烧着自己，却照亮着我。
2.夜静静的，星星月亮都去睡觉了。闷热的夏天，蝉时不时地叫两声，仿佛老在提醒星星不要睡得太沉似的。但无论它怎样提醒，万籁还是俱寂了。
3.其实，我最爱的是她的花雨，强风袭来，花瓣随风飘落，她在她生命的最后一刻，竭尽自己的所有，为世人表演了一段美得惊心动魄的舞蹈，那舞蹈，壮烈，无悔，至死不渝。
4.夜晚的静谧正好可以让我好好的冥想。我也曾输过无数次，可却每次都在失败的阴影中挣扎，最后站起来。可是这次的失败，让我被浓浓的挫败感笼罩，什么时候那样的挣扎才能显得有意义?我内心不断的问自己。
5.父亲，你对我做的一切，我双手接下。我知道，在你心中，我不懂事，不听话。但是，你放心，我一定用我的心，我的情。如你一般，虽白头，心依存!
6.那些美好的记忆，甜的，收藏在我的世界里。时光流逝，书页泛黄，内心的记忆、情义长存。父亲，一生的教导者，指引着。父爱如山，不如母爱细柔，但它深远巍峨。大概这就是他最好的表达吧!
7.从伴随着哇哇啼哭的诞生，到好奇的咿呀学语，再到跌跌撞撞的蹒跚学步，我的一生好像从小就注定是充满艰难险阻的。崎岖的成长道路上，是妈妈一直陪伴在我身边，为我冲破前方无限黑暗中迷茫的道路，让我看到了光明，让我走进了新的光明世界。
8.在人的一生中，可贵的是勇于承受世间最美的东西如爱情、亲情、责任等。可悲的是争着抢着去承受不应承受的东西，比如过分的私情、私欲。每当你往自己的篓子里多扔一块小石子，你的脊背就不得不因此弯曲一次，最终篓子里的重量让你只能匍匐于地，过完庸俗的甚至可鄙的一生，私欲就成了你唯一能为自己写下的墓志铭。
9.想到亲友送别，多数人的反应或心绪凝重，或泪眼涔涔，古人骆宾王“寂寥心事晚，摇落岁时秋”，今者席慕容“一去千里，往事终必成空”，很少有人能像李义山先生“却话巴山夜雨时”这样坦荡面对离别，希冀再会。
10.当你抛弃了名利之争、私欲之念的时候，你的心会自然而然地沉静下来，心胸也会宽阔无比。“海纳百川，有容乃大，壁立千仞，无欲则刚。”自然从容淡定、谦虚正直、廉洁奉公等就会成为你的优良品质，你就会成为“一个高尚的人，一个纯粹的人，一个有道德的人，一个脱离了低级趣味的人，一个有益于人民的人.
11.我和伙伴去草地上，鸟儿在歌唱，泉水惜细流，燕子在晨练，噢!各位都到齐了呀!再看看山底下的树木;桃树、杏树、梨树，你不让我，我不让你都开满了花赶趟儿，红的像火，粉的像霞，白得像雪!在这美丽的画卷上点缀着五彩缤纷的钻石，闪闪发光，红的映你的手，粉的照你的衣，青的也逼你的眼。闭上眼，让这美丽的画卷印入我的脑海，拿起笔，描绘这美好的一刻。
12.成长的脚印，从过去到现在，都是我最美好的回忆……在我的成长中，有爸爸、妈妈的呵护，使我在幸福的生活中成长，在成长中，我不断的在学习新的知识，不断的了解到了学习与生活中的艰辛与快乐。日复一日，年复一年，花开花落，悄无声息。
13.我赞美松的坚强，比起那柳树，也许它算不上婀娜多姿，比起那果树，也许它还没有香甜的果实。然而，它朴素、坚强。它虽然没有华丽的外表，但它有充实的内心。你看，它不畏严寒酷暑，不畏风霜雪欺，总是身着绿色战袍，笔直地站在那里，默默地忍受着大自然的考验。它把环境的锤炼，当作自己最大的快乐。
14.静心不易，原因之一：被名利所困。汲汲于名利，汲汲于富贵，乃世人常态，而潜心于学识研究，倾心于本职工作的人少之又少。如此物欲横流、金钱至上的社会，如果你视金钱、地位、权利如粪土的话，那人们会认为你是个傻子、呆子、头脑有病的人。“淡泊名利、清廉高洁”好像是多么遥远的古代的事情。
15.善良，是一个人应该具备的基本素质。如果世界上每一个人都在对人或者处理事的时候，心里都始终保持着“善良”信念的话，字典里还会有“战争”这个词语吗?矛盾，在生活里是不可避免的，但遇到它时，能保持温柔，心平气和的心态去处理它。我相信，那就是对化解矛盾最好的诠释。
16.六月鲜艳的杜鹃花，漫山遍野。我摘了最美的一束，偷偷地插在老师的桌上。淡淡的幽香洋溢在办公室里，我的心里乐开了花。
17.夕阳余晖下的白玉兰，因过早的开放而过早的凋零，在其他白玉兰还未开放时，她便已经燃尽了生命，但即使这样，她的美也是那样的动人心弦。
18.“静以修身，俭以养德，非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。”这句古训被历代仁人志士当作修身养性之本，强调保持内心的宁静，对一个人修身养性尤为重要。内而专静统一，外而整齐严肃。修身当从修心始，修心当从静心始。
19.秋天的落叶缓缓落下，古朴的钟声慢慢响起，走在阳光明媚的路上，听着让人沉迷的音乐，我的人生才能够算是更加完美，音乐给了我第二次生命，音乐带给我骄傲和自豪，伴随着婉转的旋律，细腻的音符缓缓流转，音乐总是能够带给我心灵上的震撼。
20.鹃花，漫山遍野。我摘了最美的一束，偷偷地插在老师的桌上。淡淡的幽香洋溢在办公室里，我的心里乐开了花。
21.夕阳余晖下的白玉兰，因过早的开放而过早的凋零，在其他白玉兰还未开放时，她便已经燃尽了生命，但即使这样，她的美也是那样的动人心弦。
22.“静以修身，俭以养德，非淡泊无以明志，非宁静无以致远。”这句古训被历代仁人志士当作修身养性之本，强调保持内心的宁静，对一个人修身养性尤为重要。内而专静统一，外而整齐严肃。修身当从修心始，修心当从静心始。
23.秋天的落叶缓缓落下，古朴的钟声慢慢响起，走在阳光明媚的路上，听着让人沉迷的音乐，我的人生才能够算是更加完美，音乐给了我第二次生命，音乐带给我骄傲和自豪，伴随着婉转的旋律，细腻的音符缓缓流转，音乐总是能够带给我心灵上的震撼。
1、潮湿的空气含氧量低,容易让人提不起精神.加上皮肤再接触潮湿的空气也会让人有心烦的感觉.
2、雨滴能吸纳声音,使周围环境比平时更安静,加上雨天出行的人比平时更少,所以恐怕除了雨点滴落的声音...我还能听见的就只有自己心里的声音了.
3、我选择善良，不是我软弱，因为我明白，人不是禽兽，恶行必遭报应; 我选择宽容，不是我怯懦，因为我明白，宽容了他人，也宽待了自己; 我选择糊涂，不是我真糊涂，因为我明白，有些东西争不来，不争也会来;我选择平淡生活，不是我不奢望繁华，因为我明白，功名利禄都是浮云，受得住寂寞才能升华。
4、一生里，总有一个人是你的明月光，一生中，总有一个人是你的致命伤，总有一个人是你滴不尽的相思泪，总有一个人是你解不开的心头结。一生里，很少有朋友能陪我们走完，总是一段又一段的陪伴，如此亦是好的。一生中，酸甜苦辣咸，个中滋味，如饮杯水，冷暖自知。
5、有爱情没有成为夫妻，是人生的一大遗憾;成为夫妻而没有爱情，是人生的一大悲哀。强迫和乞求来的爱情是不牢固的。不要去恨你爱过的人，不要去等他回头。男人往往承受不住幸福的考验，女人往往承受不住痛苦的考验。不要过于天真和幼稚，因为婚姻不是一个坦白的地方，而是一个外交的舞台。
6、我也喜欢夏天暴雨，它既没有冬雨的透滑，也没有秋雨的凄凉，更没有春雨的缠绵。它所有的只是倾盆。疯狂。你看它，张扬着，毫无顾忌的，狂扫一切事物宣泄着自己的力量。在它的洗刷后，天地间所污穗都被冲去了，万物换上了一层新装。
7、第一眼看见的放肆的大雨，雨并不像以往的“万根银针竖地面”那样竖着拉开雨帘，而是被风折磨成变形的“巨浪”!
8、出了门才发现雨下得比刚才在家看到的情形更猛，时不时还裹来一阵狂风，刮得我分不清东南西北!我撑着伞吃力的往前走着，听着豆大的雨粒打在伞上的响声，感觉伞顷刻间便会支离破碎似的。
9、我可以清楚地听到雨水落地的“哒哒”声和大雨的“哗哗”声。狂风咆哮着，猛地把门打开摔在墙墙上，风吹在电线上发出“呜--呜--”的惨叫声，一道道闪电划破了漆黑的夜幕，沉闷的雷声如同大炮轰鸣，使我惊恐万分。
10、乌云一下子便乌乌地压下来。沉闷的雷声从西北方向我们移来，紧接着，一串豆大的雨点，落了下来，刹那间，一串又一串的雨点，铺天盖地地倾盆而下。
11、夏天的雨，总是那麽急。不似初春的雨，滴答滴答，充满生机;也不像秋后的'雨，淅沥淅沥，那麽富有诗意;更不像冬天的雪，轻轻的，在空中翩翩起舞，再幽幽落下。夏天的雨，哗啦哗啦，总是那麽急，充满激情活力。
12、突然，黄豆大的雨滴斜落下来，地上就像是长了麻子的脸一样，遍地开花。雨越来越大，越来越急，越来越斜。不一会儿，地上就水流成河了。
13、抬头一看窗外，外面早就已经是倾盆大雨，就像有人斜着把水泼了出去，大风像是有人得罪了他一样，把家家户阳台上的衣架吹得东倒西歪。
14、滂沱大雨开始在城中肆虐起来。雨柱漫天飞舞，像成千上万支利箭飞速射向我们，势不可挡，威力无穷。植物在挣扎，拼命抓住大地，做最后的努力;动物在雨中飞奔，逃离大雨的侵袭。
15、雷声刚过，雨就变大了，大得连对面的教学楼都没有办法看清楚。这场大雨就像在天地之间挂上了一道大瀑布。雨“哗哗”地下着。由于当时吹南风，所以南面的走廊上都给大雨笼罩了。许多人被这狂风暴雨吓怕了，逃进了教室。
16、雨像是无止尽的，不知疲倦地下着，在平地上汇成积水，迅速扩大;在屋檐间架起瀑布，飞流直下。在狂风暴雨的帘幕下，“金蛇”狂舞。在巨雷轰顶的压力下，雨更加勇猛无敌威力无比，似乎只有我们投降，他才肯罢休。这种场景真是天下奇观，让我惊叹不已。
17、风加着雨星，像在地上寻找什么似的，东一头，西一头地乱撞着。豆大的雨点打在窗子上，打得玻璃“叭叭”直响，雨水沿着雨棚流下来，像断了线的珠子，渐渐地连成了线。地上的水越来越多，汇成了一条条小溪。
18、雨也来凑热闹了，一开始就是倾盆大雨，这么大的雨仿佛是一张大大的厚厚的雨帘。
19、风一阵紧似一阵，雨也一阵紧似一阵，倾盆大雨从天而降，像一道银帘挂在空中。耳边只有“哗哗”的响声，雨滴像密密的铁丝网一样，从天上漫无边际地吹到地上，好像是天河决了口子，落下了滔滔大雨。
20、几个拳头大的雨点掉了下来，发出“啪啪”的声音。雨越下越大，汇成一条条细流，雨点砸起一朵朵晶莹的水花。雨弟弟顽皮的跳跃着，敲打着伞，玻璃等一切能发出声音的器具，咯咯的笑着。闪电阿姨扭动着自己的身躯，在天空中一闪一闪的;雷伯伯敲打着自己的小鼓，在天空中隆隆作响，为雨弟弟助兴。
21、渐渐地，大雨倾盆而下，地上积起了一个个小水潭，小草和小花在雨中低着头。房子上的雨水汇成雨帘，顺流而下。
22、紧接着，大风使劲将大雨一吹，就仿佛是平静的海面被风一吹，翻起了巨浪，雨水拍打在千家万户的玻璃窗上，原来蓝色透明的窗户上也被这刚才的巨浪给“窗上添水”，无数个点点像是一张脸上长满了数不清的白色的大小不一的豆豆。
23、雨落!我还没有反应过来，雨柱已从天上直泻而下，打在房子上，落在大路上，砸在行人和车上，发出扑通的声音，似乎是大自然要开一场宏伟的音乐会。
24、雨更大了，房顶上，街上，溅起了一层白蒙蒙的雾，宛如飘渺的素纱。雨点斜打在街面的积水上，激起了朵朵水花。那水花如同一个小小的喷泉。水花落在地上的时候，又变成了一个个小水泡，小水泡看起来就像一顶透明的小帽子，有趣极了。
25、突然，响起一阵雷声，天上雷公公不知跟谁吵起架来，很凶猛。雨下起来了，从小到大地下，嘀嗒嘀嗒……这些声音也越来越大。雷声轰隆隆连续响了几次，很大声，吓得同学们都捂住耳朵，心都好像要跳了出来。雨越下越大，直到放学都没有停下来，有些没带伞的同学挤在校门口，无奈地看着天。
26、今天清晨，下大雨了，雨下得很大，斜打着玻璃窗子那噼噼啪啪的想声像点着了一串串连珠鞭炮，风在外面疯狂地咆哮。可怕的雷声仿佛就像有万头猛虎像我跑来。
27、看，雷电一次次照亮漆黑的夜空。听，雨点一遍遍拍打着我家的雨棚。轰隆隆的雷声不断从远处传来，一阵响过一阵，像在比赛似的。看看楼下的马路，已被无数的雨点和雨雾笼罩。几辆花花绿绿的小轿车，像几只可怜的小虫子，拼命地在暴风雨中奔跑着，想快一点回到温暖舒适的家。它们越来越小，越来越小，最后变成了一个亮点，消失在雨雾中。
28、那雨，一会儿像瓢子往外泼，一会儿又像用筛子往下筛，一会儿又像喷雾器不停地喷洒。从屋里往外看，树呀!房子啊!都看不清了，好像天地之间挂了一幅巨大的窗帘。在街上，大雨把街变成了河流。人们有的躲在屋檐下，有的撑着雨伞，穿着雨衣赶回家去，还有的淋成了落汤鸡。
29、说是迟，那时快，天空掉下了一两滴雨，随后就哗哗得下了起来。那情形真像银河飞泻，瑶池崩塌，水珠汇成了水流，从上往下砸了下来。人们也顾不得别 的了，把面子都抛在了脑后，没命的往家跑。过了一会儿，水流变得更急了，像无数个********喷出的大水柱。这时，风又来了，大风把水柱吹得摇摇摆摆，水柱像无数条水蛇在疯狂的扭来扭去，好不瘆人。
30、大雨隆隆的下着，风也在呼呼的吹，耳边的雷声不断，好像是狮子在怒吼，让人感觉可怕极了。我知道这是暴风雨的象征，雨还是不停的下着。珍珠般的雨点打在了树枝上，打在了荷叶上，莲花机灵的躲到了荷叶的下面去，躲过了雨点的袭击!在荷叶下，等着雨点的停息。
1、各位老师，你们好!我来自对外汉语071班，我的论文题目是《小王子》的象征好处。论文是在霍继超老师的指点下完成的，在那里我向霍老师表示深深的谢意，向参加我的论文答辩的各位老师表示衷心的感谢，并对四年来的授课老师表示由衷的敬意。 下面是我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师做一个汇报，请各位老师批评指导。 2、各位老师，上午好! 我叫xxx，是土木工程0801班的学生，我的论文题目为西安市八十八中学办公楼的设计。设计是在姚力老师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的老师表示深深的谢意，也向在坐各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对上大学来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。 下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 首先我想简单介绍本设计。 本工程为西安市八十八中学办公楼采用多层框架结构，主体结构为6层，内外装修均为一般装修，为永久性建筑。该楼总建筑面积为3981㎡，拟建位置另行给定，抗震设防烈度为8度。 其次我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要资料。 3、各位老师，下午好!我叫***，是**级**班的学生，我的论文题目是--------------------，论文是在**导师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 首先，我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及好处。 4、各位老师好!我叫xxx，是xx级xx班的学生，我的论文题目是xxxxxx，论文是在xxx导师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 5、各位老师好!我叫xxx，来自xxx，我的论文题目是“行政系统中的非正式组织评估”。在那里，请允许我向XX老师的悉心指导表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞劳苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢。下面我将从论文的思想资料、结构框架、遣词造句三个方面向各位老师作一大概介绍，恳请各位老师批评指导。 6、各位老师，上午好!我叫……，是……级……班的学生，我的论文题目是……。论文是在……导师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 首先，我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及好处。 7、各位导师好!我是来自会计1班的xxx，我的论文题目是《中小企业直接融资风险研究》。首先我要感谢在坐的各位老师在百忙中抽空来为我们完成论文答辩。下面我来介绍一下我所写论文的大概资料。 8、各位老师，各位同学们，大家好，我叫xxx，是xx级xx班的学生，我的论文题目是“如何在高校进行物流回收浅析”，论文是在齐老师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里向我的导师表示深深的谢意，想各位老师和同学们不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对四年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一一汇报，恳请各位老师、同学批评指导! 首先，我想谈谈这篇毕业论文设计的思路与目的及好处! 9、各位老师，下午好!我叫***，是**级**1班的学生，我的论文题目是《基于C/S的图书销售管理系统》，论文是在朱**导师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对三年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 首先，我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及好处。 10、各位老师，下午好!我叫***，是**级**班的学生，我的论文题目是...论文是在**导师的悉心指点下完成的，在那里我向我的导师表示深深的谢意，向各位老师不辞辛苦参加我的论文答辩表示衷心的感谢，并对四年来我有机会聆听教诲的各位老师表示由衷的敬意。下面我将本论文设计的目的和主要资料向各位老师作一汇报，恳请各位老师批评指导。 首先，我想谈谈这个毕业论文设计的目的及好处。 其次，我想谈谈这篇论文的结构和主要资料。
英语专业毕业论文答开场白
早上好。
尊敬的教授和老师们，女士们，先生们，谢谢您参加口头答辩。
我是XX。首先，我要对我的上司教授的聪明的指导，宝贵的指导和对我的论文的评价表示由衷的感谢。在他的宝贵帮助下，我终于完成了本论文。
我的主题是“历史转折处的悲剧人物”。全文共分六个部分。第一部分将简要介绍Kong和Rip的消极，逃避和保守态度，以及该主题在现实社会中的意义。第二部分将分析这些人物的背景，以显示悲剧的历史必要性。第三部分将进一步探讨悲剧英雄根据其生存环境所遭受的性格败坏，第四部分则是探讨他们在社会中的性格倾向和行为倾向。然后，作者将在第五部分中深入探讨悲剧的根本原因，
谢谢!
英语专业毕业论文答辩开场白
中英文思维和表达方式大不相同。英语是一种静态语言，倾向于使用更多的名词。汉语是动态的，经常使用动词。因此，当我们将英语翻译成中文时，我们应该知道这一点并改变词性。接下来，这是我的论文提纲。在本文的主要部分，我将其分为五个部分。
第一部分介绍语音和转换部分的基本概念。
第二部分讨论了翻译的定义，强调了词性转换在翻译过程中的重要性。
第三部分通过说明性例子给出了四种转换词性的基本方法。英语单词被转换成中文动词，名词，形容词和副词。
第四部分介绍了有关转换的一些问题，并提出了解决这些问题的建议。
第五部分得出一些结论，即语音部分之间的转换对于我们实现良好的翻译是必要的。事实证明，我们可以很好地掌握转换并改进翻译。此外，我们必须不断学习和探索各种翻译实践。
以上就是环球青藤小编关于英语本科毕业论文答辩开场白的相关分享，希望对各位小伙伴们有所帮助，想要了解更多毕业论文相关的内容，欢迎大家关注本平台。
英文论文答辩结尾
同学们设计好开场白的同时也要想好怎样结尾，给老师一个好的影响。
Good morning, professors and everyone. I come from JMU College. I am XXX and my supervisor is prof XXX. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, I have finished my paper.
The title of my paper is An Analysis of Ahab’s Personality Tragedy in Moby Dick. I choose this title as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this work as this is one of the texts in our American literature course . Last but not least , Moby-Dick is widely recognized as the summit not only of Melville’s art but of American nineteenth-centry fiction.
The purpose of this essay is to study Captain Ahab,the role in Moby-Dick, whose leg was bitten by the white whale in his process of the whaling. After losing his leg, he determined to revenge Moby Dick and tried to kill it. In order to revenge, Ahab ultimately dooms the crew of the Pequod (save for Ishmael) to death by his obsession with Moby Dick. By taking the comprehensive analysis perspective of Moby-Dick, this thesis will point out that the main characteristics of Ahab.
This paper consists of three parts. Part one presents an introduction to the Social Background and the life of the Author Herman Melvillehe ,Part two presents The Main Characteristics of Ahab. there are three aspects have been divided to analyze his characters: his monomania , his selfishness, and his individualism. Part three presents The Consequences of Ahab's Personality Tragedy.
OK, that's all. Thank you !
Questions :
1. 怎样运用理论去分析的
2. 针对你论文中的'某个商标翻译而考你噢，所以要熟悉你论文中作为例子的翻译
3. 什么是monomania(偏执狂)?
4. 白鲸记的象征意义有哪些
5. 亚哈船长为何复仇
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) ：
I am Zhao Jing. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Zhong Ming, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
The title of my paper is The Masculine Spirit of The Old Man and the Sea
The whole thesis consists of 3 parts. The first part will give brief introductions on the background which contains the social and cultural aspects and the introduction to the author of the masterpiece. In The second part is going to have a brief
introduction of the old man and the sea and analyze the masculine spirits in the old man and the sea such as the faith optimistic and the wisdom of the hero. In the third part, it is the natural conclusion and the deep consideration.
I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this novel as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times. Last but not the least, I’m deeply appreciated to the masculine spirit and hope I can get and practice it in my future. For the above facts, I select the subject of The Masculine Spirit of The Old Man and the Sea as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this novel we can know more about the author Hemingway and his honorable masculine spirit. “A man can be destroyed but not be defeated.” Such kind of spirit can
help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
That’s all.Thank you!
辩论赛常用英语句子
1 How to agree strongly with an opinion
I couldn't agree more!
That's absolutely true!
Absolutely!
I take your point.
I'd go along with you there.
I'm with you on that.
That's just what I was thinking.
That's a good point.
That's just how I see it.
That's exactly my opinion.
2 How to half agree with an opinion
Yes,perhaps.
Well,yes.
Yes,in a way.
Mmm,possibly.
Yes,I agree up to a point.
Well,you've got a point there.
There's something in that,I suppose.
I guess you could be right.
Yes,I suppose so.
That's worth thinking about.
3 How to disagree politely with an opinion
I am not sure really.
Do you think so?
Well,it depends.
I'm not so certain.
Well,I'm not so sure about that.
I'm inclined to disagree with that.
No,I don't think so really.
以上是我为大家整理好的范文，希望大家喜欢
写论文的时候，通常要求大家以后写十篇左右的参考文献。参考文献的要求应该和你写的题目有关。你写的是会计论文，后面的参考文献是体育论文，是完全不行的。下面和小编一起来了解论文怎么查参考文献？ 论文参考文献通常需要10~15个左右，有些学校需要两个英文参考文献。参考文献通常有自己独特的格式，参考文献主要分为期刊和论文。许多学生不知道如何查看这些参考文献，其实并不难。最简单的方法就是直接从查重报告上抄下来。小编推荐的查重系统是Paperfree，将论文上传到该系统进行查重，通常等待15-30分钟左右，会有详细的查重报告。本查重报告将列出本文引用的一些参考文献，因此您只需将本查重报告上的一些参考文献原封不动地复制到您的论文中。这种查找参考文献的方法是最简单方便的，可以原封不动的复制，也可以保证参考文献的格式不会出错。 另一种方法是在早期写论文时阅读大量的参考文献，许多学生会记录这些参考文献的名称。您还可以阅读以前做的阅读笔记，并将这些参考文献摘录到论文中。
以下四种方式查找参考文献：
1.检索头牌：Pubmed
Pubmed作为美国国家医学图书馆所属的国家生物技术信息中心开发的一款论文搜索引擎，凭借其海量的文献数据和简便快捷的搜索方式，成为了网上使用最广泛的生物医学方面的文献搜索工具。我们可以通过最简单的在标题和摘要中搜寻相关的关键词或相关公式，来寻找相关的文章。
2.用之不易的Google学术
这个其实并不能算是文献检索工具，但其有个很大的特点就是能够对全文进行搜索，而不是像上面说的那两个只是搜索标题和摘要。因此当要搜索事实型依据的时候，比如，要搜索“某病的发病率为36%”这样的出处，在摘要中可能没有具体的数据，所以需要google来进行全文搜索。
Google学术的功能还是挺强大的，不过在天朝却被封了，要是想用还得翻墙。不过不知道是应广大学者的呼唤，据说，最近Google又可以用了，这机会可是来自不易，小伙伴们还是抓紧时机享受这一福利吧。
3.关联检索：Web of Science
这个方法比较适合研究机构，因为Web of Science的数据库是要收费的，但其搜索引擎比Pubmed更高级，不但能够限定文章的学科，还能限定作者的国籍单位等等，非常好用。值得一提的是它里面的逻辑连接词比Pubmed多了一个很实用词——Near，这个能在相邻的两个句子中寻找关键词。比方说要搜索高血压和糖尿病的关系，如果使用一般”AND“来连接，可能会出现头一句是说的糖尿病，然后结尾出来个高血压，其实并无联系。但用”Near”的话，由于两个词之间的距离被限定了，因此相关的概率也会高的多。
4.中文检索：万方，知网，维普等。
寻找论文参考文献的最佳方法包括以下几个步骤：
1、使用学术搜索引擎：Google Scholar、PubMed、Web of Science等学术搜索引擎可以帮助你找到相关的论文。你可以输入关键词、作者名、文章标题等信息来搜索相关的文献。
2、查找参考文献：如果你已经找到了一篇相关的文章，你可以查看其中的参考文献列表。这些2、文献可能会指导你找到更多的相关文献。
3、查找书籍：如果你正在撰写一篇研究性论文，你可能需要查找一些书籍作为参考文献。你可以在学术图书馆、在线书店、学术搜索引擎等地方寻找相关的书籍。
4、参考专家意见：如果你对某个特定领域不熟悉，你可以寻求专家的意见。你可以咨询你的导师、同事或其他领域专家，询问他们能否提供相关的文献或建议。
总之，寻找论文参考文献需要广泛查阅各种资源，建立起全面的文献库，并逐渐筛选出适合自己研究的内容。同时，在查阅文献时也需要注意文献的真实性、可靠性以及文献的质量等方面。
论文的写作技巧：
写作论文需要具备一定的技巧和方法，以下是一些论文写作的技巧：
1、确定论文的主题和范围：在开始写作之前，确定你要写的论文的主题和范围。这有助于你避免偏离主题或者写作无头绪。
2、选择正确的结构：论文应该有一个清晰的结构，包括引言、文献综述、方法、结果和讨论等部分。根据你的论文主题和范围，选择合适的结构。
3、明确你的目标读者：在写作过程中，始终牢记你的目标读者是谁。这有助于你写作更加清晰、简明，并且能够使读者更容易理解你的论文。
4、确保你的论点清晰：在写作过程中，确保你的论点清晰明了。你需要有充分的证据和例证来支持你的论点。
5、保持逻辑连贯：论文应该有一个清晰的逻辑结构。每个段落应该有一个主题句，并且每个段落应该与下一个段落紧密相连。
6、使用正确的语言和风格：论文应该使用专业术语和正确的语法。同时，选择一个适合你论文主题和范围的风格，如学术风格、科技风格等。
7、引用正确的文献：在论文中引用正确的文献是非常重要的。你应该使用正确的引文格式，并确保引用的文献是可靠的。
8、仔细校对论文：在完成论文后，仔细校对你的论文以检查拼写、语法和标点错误。同时，确保你的论文逻辑连贯、明确，并符合格式要求。
向他人寻求反馈：将你的论文交给他人阅读，以获得他人的反馈和建议。这有助于你发现论文中的问题，并进行必要的修改和完善。
以上这些技巧可以帮助你写作一篇清晰、有条理的论文。
开头部分： How nice to hear from you again. Let me tell you something about the activity. I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th. I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit. I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America. 结尾部分： With best wishes. I’m looking forward to your reply. I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier. 二、口头通知常见写作模板 呼语及开场白部分： Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 正文部分： All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes. Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups. Please come on time and don’t be late. 结束语部分： Please come and join in it. Everybody is welcome to attend it. I hope you’ll have a nice time here. That’s all. Thank you. 三、议论文模板 1.正反观点式议论文模板 导入： 第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should... （导入话题） Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧） 正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方观点） Here are the reasons. First... Second... Finally...(列出2~3个赞成的理由) 第3段：However, the others are strongly against it. （反方观点） Their reasons are as follows. In the first place... What’s more... In addition...(列出2~3个反对的理由) 结论： 第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.（个人观点） オ 2.“A或者B”类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段： Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages. 正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that ... Another reason is that...(赞同A的原因) 第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent... (列出1~2个B的优势) 结论： 第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that ...(得出结论) オ 3.观点论述类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对） The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下） 正文： 第2段：First of all... Secondly... Besides...(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由) 结论： 第3段：In conclusion, I believe that... （照应第1段，构成"总—分—总"结构） 4."How to"类议论文模板： 导入： 第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题 正文： 第2段： Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all... Another way to solve the problem is ... Finally...(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论： 第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to...(强调解决此类问题的根本方法) 四、图表作文写作模板 The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题. The first thing we notice is that 图表最大特点 . This means that as (进一步说明). We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 . After 动词-ing 细节一中的第一个变化， the动词-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化) . The figures also tell us that图表细节二 . In the column, we can see that accounts for (进一步描述). Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that (结论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that (给出原因). / It is high time that we (发出倡议). 五、图画类写作模板：1.开头 Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture... 2.衔接句 As we all know, .../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life. 3.结尾句 In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated...
下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板，希望对你们有帮助。
Abstract
Since Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.
According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmen from a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS 19.0. And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.
Abstract
A large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。 However, no consensus hasbeen reached yet (Choo, Lin, & Pandian,2012; Mohsen & Balakumarohsen, 2011)。
Despite the fact that some narrative reviews have evaluated and explored thesecontradictory results, this study aims at quantifying the overall effectiveness oftechnology-enhanced English vocabulary learning with a different approach to review:meta-analysis and performing in-depth moderator analyses of learning method and testtype further.
Totally, twenty effect sizes from thirteen pieces of primary research are obtainedafter collecting related literature published or unpublished in recent ten years via fourchannels and selecting through three filters. Later, all the primary research is coded anddata are computed in random-effects model with software ComprehensiveMeta-Analysis.
Results show that: (1) Technology has a positively large effect on Englishvocabulary learning according to Cohen's standards as proposed in 1992 (g = 1.26,witha 95% confidential interval of [0.86, 1.66])。 (2) Learning methods (intentional learning,incidental learning, and integrated learning) have impacts on the overall effectiveness.
Heterogeneity exists in the three learning methods (g = 9.22,p = 0,01 < 0.05)，Effectiveness of intentional learning, incidental learning and integrated learning is ^ =0.61, g 二 2.14, g = 0.98 respectively. Incidental learning under technology-enhancedenvironment yields the largest effectiveness on English vocabulary learning. (3) Testtypes (recognition tests, recall tests,recognition + recall tests) also have impacts on theoverall effectiveness. The three test types are heterogeneous as well {Q = 17.04, p =0.000 < 0.05)。 Recognition tests, recall tests, and recognition + recall tests have effectsizes of 3.59,0.71 and 0.37 respectively. Technology-enhanced English vocabularylearning achieves the largest effectiveness in recognition tests.
Abstract
The present study, which is based on the Competing Values Framework (i.e. CVF:a framework to identify the organizational effectiveness and to define organizationalculture)， aims to investigate English teachers, teaching motivation at universities, theirperception of the organizational culture in the target university,their professionalaspiration and how they affect each other. The research questions to be addressed are asfollows: (1) How do the English teachers perceive the organizational culture at theirworkplace? (2) How much effort will the teachers pay for their professionalengagement and aspiration? (3) What kinds of motivation do the English teachers in thetarget university appear to have? (4) How will the organizational culture and theprevious experience affect teachers' motivation?
This study employed four different questionnaires as the research instruments,including one demographic questionnaire and three research questionnaires, i.e. thedemographic questionnaire, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (i.e. theOCAI) (Cameron & Quinn, 1999)，the Professional Engagement and CareerDevelopment Aspiration-scale (i.e. the PECDA-scale) (Watt & Richardson, 2008b)，andthe Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers Teaching (i.e. the WTMST) (Fernet et al.,2008)，to investigate the above mentioned research questions. The whole investigationtook roughly 12 weeks and involved three stages: the preparation stage,the pilot study,and the main study.
The findings of the present study show that most of the teachers are intrinsicallymotivated and with identified regulation influenced by the performance culture and theclan culture which are the dominant culture types of the target research site. Results alsoindicate that the overseas experience and length of teaching experience affect teachers'perception of tixe organizational culture and motivation. The participants who haveoverseas experience tend to be more with the sense of professionalism, moreintrinsically motivated and be more confident with their competence in the academicarea; and the ones who have longer years of teaching experience are with moreidentified regulation and introjected motivation and are more committed and moreassured of staying in the education field. The participants in the target universitybasically belong to the highly engaged persisters,and the male teachers expect to be theleadership.
Abstract
Owing to the economic, social and academic needs as well as the advantages of EGAP(General Academic Purpose in Chinese College English) itself, there exist 这 great deal ofnecessity and feasibility for applying English for EGAP class. It is our understanding thatwriting plays an extremely important role in the course of EGAP and genre is a quiteinfluential factor in improving students5 writing competency. However,the investigation ofstudents' current writing situation shows that being deeply influenced by traditional writingteaching methods which emphasize grammar and vocabulary; the students have littleknowledge about genre approach theoretically or systematically and lack the awareness ofgenre. Because of this,it becomes necessary to put forward an English writing teachingapproach which is effective as well as applicable to the situation in China so as to enhancetheir writing competence.
This paper firstly gives a brief introduction to the developing trend of EGAP bydiscussing its necessity and applicability in China and the main views of two schools of genretheory, the tiieoretical foundation and genre-based approaches of three main schools of genrestudy and practice. And also,their characteristics are compared and the adaptability inChinese College EGAP class is analyzed, based on which it puts forward a modifiedGenre-based approach in EGAP writing class in order to enhance students' genre awarenessand improve their writing skills.
To achieve this, two non-English major classes of freshmen in East China University ofScience and Technology (ECUST) have been selected as the experimental class andcontrolled class, and the research lasts one semester. The Genre-based approach is applied inthe experimental class following a modified Genre-based approach. And a comparison hasbeen made on the same subject at the beginning and the end of the semester and thecomparison and contrast between the experimental class and controlled class have also beenmade. Owing to various factors,such as learning motivation, different students show variedextent of acceptance to certain teaching approaches. Therefore, emphasis has not only beenput on the overall changes,but also on the individual differences.
There are three hypotheses:
1. Can Genre-based approach enhance students' genre awareness? 2. Can “genreawareness” really improve students' writing ability in EGAP? If the students can get overallimprovement, is there any difference in gender and the students with diverse learningaptitudes because of the individual difference? If some students fail to improve, what's thepossible reason behind it? 3. Will Chinese students accept and adapt to Genre-basedApproach?
Three sets of data from six writing assignments, writing in final-term examination andquestionnaires are collected and analyzed with the help of the software SPSS 19.0. And thestudy indicates that: (1) Genre-based approach has a significant effect in sensitizing students'genre awareness, improving holistic writing competence; (2) during the whole experimentalprocess, girls have a stable superiority over boys, however, boys' improvement fluctuation iscomparatively obvious; (3) students of medium efficiency have the greatest potential to makebig improvement; (4) Unavoidably, in this research there are some students who fail to gainimprovement in terms of writing ability or get changed in terms of writing notions, andthrough analysis it has been found that the main objective reasons are: the difficulty ofwriting itself,the differences of culture and ways of thinking between east and west,thelimited teaching period, etc.; and subjective reasons mainly come from: the limitedcompetence of students themselves, the lack of interest in English writing, etc(5) aoverwhelming majority of students are liable to accept this approach and able to adapt to itpretty well, yet acceptation is not absolutely accompanied by adaptation; (6) feedback is adispensable part in English writing teaching, and more specific feedback will bring strongermotivation in students' self-correcting and developing;In the end,the author presents some limitations in her research and hopes that this cangive some hints and tips to further research in EFL writing classes.
Abstract
In college English listening & speaking classrooms, language and other semioticsystems cooperate together to help students construct meaning. It can be reflected inthe design of textbooks and the use of audios, videos and images, etc. Thus, in thisthesis, the theoretical foundation is the theory of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA)derived from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Social Semiotics. The essence ofMDA is that other semiotic resources such as: images, audios, etc. are as important aslanguage in the meaning-making system. Visual Grammar, Acoustical Grammar andthe integrated frameworks of MDA are the main analysis approaches in this thesis.
Meanwhile, the results of the teaching investigation and the MDA for textbooksare the practical foundation for the multimodal teaching design, providing feasibleand effective suggestions in this thesis. According to the results, it can be concludedthat students have more or less realized multimodality in this course and argue thatmultimodality should be used in moderation; multimodal classroom activities, socialcontent, etc. should be brought into the class; teachers should remind students to payattention to images, fonts change and other multimodal factors in textbooks.
Therefore, when conducting the multimodal teaching design, attention should bepaid to: (1) Modalities influence each other with clear priorities in this course. (2)Words modality and acoustical modality are the primary modalities, while othermodalities are just used as tools to provide supplementary information and to improveteaching efficiency. (3) The chosen modalities should provide supplementaryinformation to make the learning material more easily understood and help studentsconcentrate. Then, on the basis of the above principles and the writer's teachingexperience, a sample teaching design has been worked out, then its' feasibility andeffectiveness have been verified by an empirical study with the method of interview.
Abstract
Degree adverbs play a crucial role in daily language communication. However,owing to their wide varieties and similar meanings, it is hard for language learners toreally master their meanings and usages.
With the aid of AntConc 3.4.lw and based on the corpora of FROWN (TheFreiburg-Brown Corpus of American English)，FLOB (The Freiburg-LOB Corpus ofBritish English) and CLEC (Chinese Learner English Corpus)， the study aims tocompare the actual use of common English degree adverbs in terms of semanticprosody between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers. The researchprocedures consist of two steps. First, AntConc 3.4.lw is launched to extractconcordance lines of the target node words in each corpus and the semantic featuresof the node words' collocates are analyzed; then, the semantic prosodies of these nodewords are summarized and comparisons are made between the two corpora.
The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.
Chinese EFL learners tend to underuse the negative semantic prosodies of fairly,highly, and totally?,overuse the negative semantic prosodies of extremely; and misusethe semantic prosody of terribly. The results also show that some problems exist inChinese learners' use of semantic prosodies of degree adverbs, and the reasons mayinclude their first language transfer, intralingual transfer, and the lack of informationabout the semantic prosody in dictionaries and textbooks.
Recently,the problem of__________has aroused people's concern. However, different people hold different attitudes toward. A lot of people seem to think that__________________ There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of______________.It does us much harm(good)I quite agree with the statement that ________________,The reason are chiefly as follows, to start with___________,in addition_________,perhaps the primary reason is ___________,It has more advantages than disadvantages(disadvantages thanadvantages)。In my opinion, Taking all these factors into consideration, We naturally came to the conclusion that_________________. Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 最近，_______问题已引起人们的关注，然而，人们的态度各不相同，很多人似乎以为_________ 毫无疑问，对________问题应该给予足够的重视。它对我们很有坏处（好处）。我十分赞同这一论述_________________，主要的原因包括_____________一个原因是_________ 另一个原因_________或许最主要的是_________________.它的利多弊少。弊多利少 在我的观点，把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论_______________________。显然，现在我们提出解决问题方案正是时候。
一、引出开头1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）二、表达不同观点1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）三、表示结尾1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）5:There is no doubt that (job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点）6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）四、提出建议1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）5：Sparenoeffortto+V（不遗余力的）五、预示后果1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）六、表示论证1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句.（我真诚地相信……）5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）七、给出原因1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...） 2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons .First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是……2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……3;It is obvious that……很显然……4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……九、表示好处和坏处1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处十、表示重要、方便、可能1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是……2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难十二、显示变化1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%十三、表明事实现状1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.4:becloselyrelatedto~~（与...息息相关）十四、进行比较1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.十五、常用英语谚语1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里7：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母8:Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老10:Knowledge is power.知识就是力量11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人