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Accounting for R&D in the National Accounts Dennis Fixler Bureau of Economic Analysis 24 February 2009 Paper presented at ASSA meetings in San Francisco, January 2009 Accounting information as political currency* Karthik Ramanna Harvard Business School and Sugata Roychowdhury MIT Sloan School of Management This draft: March 31, 2008 Abstract: We test whether accounting can be used as political currency. Our setting is the US congressional election of 2004, where outsourcing of US jobs was a campaign issue. We find that the largest corporate donors to principal candidates in closely watched congressional races manage earnings downwards in the two quarters immediately preceding the 2004 election. We find no evidence of such downwards earnings management among corporate donors to candidates in all other congressional races. Election outcomes for candidates are also systematically associated with the extent of donors' downwards earnings management in closely watched races, but not all other races. The findings are consistent with firms managing accounting information in circumstances where this is likely to benefit allied politicians. 哈佛商学院2008年3月31日
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用accounting supervision搜到的,全英,无中~PDF Role of Accounting Data in Performance Evaluation, Budgetary Participation, and Organizational Effectiveness uses of role hierarchies in access Survey of Integrated Financial Sector Supervision 更多accounting supervision是关于banking的,我弄错没?
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财务论文的英文参考文献大全
财务是非常有前途的一个职业,也是一个很容易规划自己发展路径的职业。下面是我为大家整理的财务论文英文参考文献,欢迎阅读。
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Businesses recognize impairment when the financial statement carrying amount of a long-lived asset or asset group exceeds its fair value and is not recoverable. A carrying amount is not recoverable if it is greater than the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected from the asset’s use and eventual disposal. FASB defines impairment loss as the amount by which the carrying value exceeds an asset’s fair value. CPAS need not check every asset an entity owns in each reporting period. When circumstances change indicating a carrying amount may not be recoverable, CPAS should test the asset for impairment. A test may be called for when one or more of these events occur: A significant decrease in the market price of a long-lived asset. A significant change in how a company uses a long-lived asset or in its physical condition.
1 [美] Philip Kotler著.梅汝和等译. 营销管理. 北京:中国人民大学出版社,2002 2 赵乃真主编. 网络营销. 北京:中国劳动社会保障出版
网络论文的参考文献可以反映论文作者的科学态度和论文具有真实、广泛的科学依据,参考文献在一定程度上影响着论文的质量。下文是我为大家整理的关于网络论文参考文献的内容
不管毕业论文,还是学术论文,有一项必不可少的就是要在文章的最后加上参考文献,为了不影响文章的整体效果,参考文文献的格式还是要注意下的,特别是英文的参考文献格式。
Accounting for R&D in the National Accounts Dennis Fixler Bureau of Economic Ana
如果你写的中文文章,就按照国内杂志的统一格式书写,附如下如果要发表在国外杂志,按照各杂志特定格式引用,和国内的是不一样的。1 参考文献是对期刊论文引文进行统计和