英国饮食文化毕业论文

英文: English style of eating habits is also easy, pay attention to nutrition. Breakfast is usually porridge milk or a cup of red juice, coated with butter toast, fried bacon or sausage, eggs. At noon, the children eat lunch at school, adults at lunch on the job on the vicinity to buy a sandwich, a cup of coffee on, just kill. Only to the weekend, the British people will be rich on a table. Usually the main course is meat, such as grilled chicken, roast beef, fish and so on. A wide variety of vegetables, like cabbage, fresh peas, potatoes, carrots and so on. Vegetables in general are no longer processed, mounted on a tray, poured from the supermarket to buy ready-made sauce will be consumed. After the main course there will always be together digestible of sweets, such as cooking fruit, fruit pudding, cheese, ice cream and so on. Fried fish and fries (Fish and chips) This is the traditional British fast food nation (fast food). It is in the 19th century 60's pop up. At that time, the railway put start fresh fish one night directly (direct) transported from the east coast to London. English at the fish paste on top ofgood deep-fried in oil, and fried potatoes be eaten together. People put a mixture of salt and vinegar sauce and pour it into the article on fish and potatoes, with a newspaper bag, and then eat from the paper in hand. Today, people often use a clean paper packaging, and to provide a fork (fork). Cha (Tea) British National enjoy a cup of tea. At the traditional British (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea. The majority of British people like to drink strong tea, but I want to add much milk. Many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water. Coffee (Coffee) Now in the United Kingdom, as popularity of coffee and tea. People either do not add milk or add milk, or drink coffee or preparing a new instant coffee. Wine (Wine) English wine industry is very strong. More and more of the many vineyards are producing wine and red wine (red wine). English pubs everywhere, has several flavors, each with 10,000 large and small pubs, which have many hundreds of years of history, this old pub is usually haunted legends, it is interesting that not only did not care about the owner, but also his house ghost Li Chuan-story as the general put on a table in each. Something fishy about the pub business better and sell more expensive. Eating habits with knife and fork pyronaridine ~ British people generally preferred way of cooking there is: cooked in soy and vinegar, barbecue, fried and fried. Of meat, seafood, game cooking methods are unique; However, the categories of the beef they have special preferences, such as barbecue beef (ROASTED BEEF), is attached not only in the consumption of seasonal vegetables, baked potato, but also will add some steak on the mustard sauce; at the use of seasoning on the butter and liquor preferences; at spice up the taste of meat Kou, cinnamon and other spices fresh. The more well-known British cuisine has: beef kidney allocation (STEAK KIDNEY PIE), fish Pai (ENGLISH FISH CHIP), the Royal butter chicken (CHICKEN A LA KING) and so on. British people enjoy hunting, only once a year at the hunting period, there is much of the hotel or restaurant will be introduced to game meal, such as deer (VENISON), rabbits (HARE), pheasant (PHEASANT),, such as cooking. General cooking game when using some gin or berries and wine, this approach is in order to remove the smell of mutton flavor of the food itself. Breakfast is very important to the British people, British restaurants in the supply of a wide range of meals, have fruit juice, fruit, eggs, meat, wheat porridge category, bread, jam and coffee. Nowadays the popular afternoon tea (HIGH TEA) is the mass from the United Kingdom, and its more famous there is Victoria-style VICTORIAN STYLE), the contents can be said to be all-inclusive, including all kinds of small points, muffin, fruit tarts (TARTE ) and sandwiches. Supper on the daily lives of English is also one of the most important part of the meal of their choice is usually late, and are eating betterto promote friendship between meals can imagine they belong to are very autonomous nation, and a supper for them could take hours. The United Kingdom at the local, there will be lot of people who love to drink, mainly because it itself is also a wine producing country. English at the cost of alcohol consumption on the expenditure than the other also to the many. Nobu Restaurant This is a world-renowned Japanese-style sushi restaurant, perfect interpretation of the cultural diversity of London. Enjoy the best way is to let the staff recommend, another is called a reversal of the world's black cod, point of confusing the champagne glass. Of course, the best have someone else foot the bill! Remember the location you want in advance, otherwise. St. John's Restaurant Very authentic British restaurant, under the name of the solemn nostalgia,thick sauce, verytraditional British dishes. Pig here are LOGO, shows a simple kick! Have to roast whole pigs, Yorktraditional rural English dishes. Confections are a weight of more down 2,3个. Good to eat! Ensure that you spot, the United Kingdom must go FREE to try! Hakkasan Restaurant An average consumption of 60 pounds in London's top restaurants. Is not a false faceskill, newspapers comment on is "the history of the sexiest Chinese restaurant", are impartial appraisal. Hot and sour soup, pipa duck, pork Doo British sparkling wine, Greece white Portuguese. It seems that Chinese and Western, at tip of tongue on an. 中文: 英国人的饮食习惯亦式样简单，注重营养。早餐通常是麦片粥冲牛奶或一杯果汁，涂上黄油的烤面包片，熏咸肉或煎香肠、鸡蛋。中午，孩子们在学校吃午餐，大人的午餐就在工作地点附近买上一份三明治，就一杯咖啡，打发了事。只有到周末，英国人的饭桌上才会丰盛一番。通常主菜是肉类，如烤鸡肉、烤牛肉、烤鱼等。蔬菜品种繁多，像卷心菜、新鲜豌豆、土豆、胡萝卜等。蔬菜一般都不再加工，装在盘里，浇上从超市买回的现成调料便食用。主菜之后总有一道易消化的甜食，如烧煮水果、果料布丁、奶酪、冰激凌等。 鱼和油炸土豆条（Fish and chips） 这是英国民族传统的快餐食品（fast food）。它是在19世纪60年代流行起来的。那时，铁路开始把新鲜的鱼一夜间直接（direct）从东海岸运到伦敦。英国人在鱼上面裹上糊放在油里炸好，和炸土豆条一起吃。人们把盐和醋的混合调料倒在炸鱼和土豆条上，用报纸包上，然后从纸包里拿着吃。如今，人们经常用清洁的纸包装，并提供一个餐叉（fork）。 茶（Tea） 英国民族喜欢喝茶。在英国传统（tradition）上人们用瓷茶杯泡茶，一人一个茶杯，一匙茶。大多数英国人喜欢喝浓茶，但是要加许多牛奶。多年前，人们习惯先把牛奶倒入茶杯，然后再放茶，最后加水。 咖啡（Coffee） 现在在英国，咖啡和茶一样受欢迎。人们或是加牛奶或是不加牛奶，或是喝新泡制的咖啡或速溶咖啡。 酒（Wine） 英国的酒业很强盛。越来越多的葡萄园正在生产白酒和红酒（red wine）。英国的酒馆无所不在，有好几万家大大小小各具风味的酒馆，其中还有不乏数百年历史的，这样的老酒馆通常传说闹鬼，有趣的是，主人不但不避讳，还把他家的鬼故事像立传一般摆在每一张桌子上。有鬼的酒馆生意更好，而且卖得更贵。 饮食习惯用刀叉咯~ 英国人一般较喜爱的烹饪方式有：烩、烧烤、煎和油炸。对肉类、海鲜、野味的烹调均有独到的方式；然而，他们对牛肉类方面又有特别的偏好，如烧烤牛肉（ROASTED BEEF），在食用时不仅附上时令的蔬菜、烤洋芋，还会在牛排上加上少许的芥茉酱；在佐料的使用上则喜好奶油及酒类；在香料上则喜好肉寇、肉桂等新鲜香料。 较为人知的英国料理菜名有：牛肉腰子派（STEAK KIDNEY PIE）、炸鱼排（ENGLISH FISH CHIP）、皇家奶油鸡（CHICKEN A LA KING）等。英国人喜欢狩猎，在一年只有一次的狩猎期中，就有许多的饭店或餐厅会推出野味大餐，如野鹿（VENISON）、野兔（HARE）、雉鸡（PHEASANT）、野山羊（WILDSHEEP）等的烹调。而一般烹调野味时，均采用些杜松子或浆果及酒，此做法是为了去除食物本身的膻腥味。 英国人对早餐非常讲究，英国餐馆中所供应的餐点种类繁多，有果汁、水果、蛋类、肉类、麦粥类、面包、果酱及咖啡等。 时下所流行的下午茶（HIGH TEA）也是传来自于英国，其较知名的有维多莉亚式VICTORIAN STYLE），内容可说是包罗万象，包括各式小点、松糕、水果挞（TARTE）及三明治等。 晚餐对英国人来说也是日常生活中最重要的一部份，他们选择的用餐时间通常较晚，而且都是边吃边喝边聊，以促进用餐人之间的情谊，可想见他们是属于极有自主性的民族，而一顿晚餐对他们来说可能要花上好几个钟头。 在英国当地，会有许多爱好喝的人士，主要是因为它本身也是个产酒国家。英国人在饮酒上的花费比起其它的支出还来的多。 Nobu餐厅 这是一家享誉全球的日式寿司餐厅，完美诠释了伦敦的多元文化。最好的享受方式就是让店员推荐，再多叫一份颠倒世界的黑鳕鱼，点一杯晕头转向的香槟。当然，最好还有别人买单！事前要记得定位啦，不然免谈。 圣约翰餐厅 很正宗的英国餐厅，顶着怀旧庄严的名字，汁浓酱稠、入味十分的传统英式菜。猪是这里的LOGO，透着一股纯朴劲儿!有转烤全猪、约克夏布丁等传统的英国乡村菜。甜点的分量更是一份打倒2、3个。 很好吃的！保证让你过瘾，有空去英国一定要尝一尝！ Hakkasan餐厅 一家平均消费60英镑的伦敦顶级中餐厅。绝不是死撑面子的假把式，报纸上的评论是“史上最性感的中餐厅”,是中肯的评价。酸辣汤、琵琶鸭、五花肉斗英国气泡酒、希腊白葡。似乎中西合璧，在舌尖上共谱一曲。

要了解一种文化，饮食也是其中很重要的一个方面。英国本土的餐饮比较注重营养，并不注重烹调方式，巧克力和薯条仍然是他们的最爱，在做许多食物的时候，他们都爱添加一些巧克力，而薯条的消费更是惊人，每星期全英国能消耗五百多万公斤的薯条。餐餐吃啥英国人的饮食很丰富，除了本国的饮食以外，还有许多的外国餐馆。饭店的饭好吃，但价格比较贵，所以大部分的英国人还是在家吃传统的英国饮食。传统的早餐被称为Full English或者The Full English Fry-up ，一般有鸡蛋、猪排（bacon）、火腿（sausages）、煎面包（fried bread）、烤豆（baked beans）和蘑菇（mushrooms）(如图所示)，另加一杯咖啡。现在除了饭店或餐馆还供应这样的早餐以外，多数人只是吃一碗麦片粥（a bowl of cereal），一片面包(a slice of toast),喝点橘子汁（orange juice）或一杯咖啡（冬天的时候，有很多人会用热的稀饭代替麦片粥或咖啡）。另外，英国人鸡蛋的吃法主要有三种，分别是水煮荷包蛋 (poached），煮蛋（boiled）, 搅碎了的鸡蛋（scrambled）,但他们不吃蒸蛋（steamed）.典型的英式晚餐一般由肉和两种蔬菜组成，调料就是煮肉时的肉汤（gravy）。英国的畜牧业很发达，牛肉（beef）和羊肉(mutton,lamb)较多，价格也比较便宜，但猪肉很少；由于他们的气候不适合作物的生长，所以蔬菜通常比较贵，很多蔬菜和粮食都需要进口，当地土生的蔬菜主要有土豆、胡萝卜、豆类（peas)、卷心菜（cabbages）和洋葱，消费量也非常大。实际上现在英国人的晚餐也有很大的变化，有一种说法就是，现在已经没有多少英国人吃英国饭了。据最近的调查表明，大多数人的晚餐吃印度的咖喱（curry）；现在，米饭和意大利面条也被称为“英式晚餐”，但他们的米饭是蒸的而不是煮的，比我们的夹生饭还要生，一粒粒都可以数过来，很难吃。礼拜天的正餐一般在中午，称为Sunday lunch, 一般是一片烤肉(roast meat)----可以是牛羊肉，也可以是鸡肉或猪 肉，约克郡布丁（yorkshire pudding），另外再加上两种蔬菜(如图所示)，但口味需要自己调，因为除了烤肉是加盐的，另外还有一些高汤（gravy）以外，其它都是不加盐的，蔬菜就是用水煮熟了而已。他们吃肉时都比较讲究，为了达到最好的效果，不同的肉配不同的酱（sauce）,牛肉配辣根酱（horseradish sauce）,猪肉配甜苹果酱（sweet apple sauce），小羊肉（lamb）配薄荷酱（mint sauce）。喝点啥英国是饮茶大国，平均每天要喝掉亿杯的茶，每年要进口万吨的茶叶。他们喝的茶一般都很浓的红茶，通常是在每个人的茶杯中添加一匙茶叶，然后再在茶壶中加一匙，喝的时候还喜欢再加点奶。源于他们对茶的偏爱，在英语中有好多跟茶有关的词汇，例如，如果喜欢某物，可以说，“It’s my cup of tea.” 不喜欢的话就是“It’s not my cup of tea。” 还有tea time, tea party, tea break, high tea, cream tea等。如果有人问你: “Do you like a cuppa?”, 实际上就是问你要不要喝杯茶；另外，主动提出给别人从茶壶中倒茶的表达方式也很有意思，“Let me be mother”或 “Shall I be mother?”，跟是否想当妈妈没有一点关系。跟茶能够旗鼓相当的饮料就是咖啡了，通常有black coffee和white coffee之分,区别就在于加不加奶。酒精饮料主要有啤酒和白酒，其中最有名的啤酒（ale）是bitter（苦啤酒）,颜色较深，酒劲比lager(度数较小的啤酒)大一点。白酒比较有名气的是苏格兰威士忌(Scottish whisky)等。无论年轻还是年长，酒吧几乎是每个英国人必去的地方，是他们生活中必不可缺的。酒吧的里面往往比较暗，灯光昏黄，个别有情调的小酒吧还会用蜡烛代替电灯；吧台有一溜不同的饮料开关，侍者大部分都会微笑着问你要点哪种饮料，当然消费量最大的还是啤酒。特色饮食英国人发明了三明治（sandwiches）,另外还有一些特色饮食，这里抛砖引玉挑选几个有代表性的做一介绍。约克郡布丁（Yorkshire Pudding）。英国大部分的布丁 都是作为餐后甜点的甜食，但Yorkshire pudding 却是主菜中的开端，本身由面粉、鸡蛋、奶等原料发酵后在烤炉中烤熟，用来配蔬菜和高汤。炸鱼和土豆条（Fish and chips）。英国最传统的快餐。鱼主要有鳕鱼（cod）, 黑线鳕（haddock）, 鲽鱼（plaice）,挂糊后再炸熟，配上同样炸好的土豆条，调料一般需要自己加，口味很好，但比较油腻。早期就用报纸包着卖，现在换上了干净的包装。在英国北部，有人还把它配着mushy peas(一种磨碎了的加工好的豆子)吃。窝在洞里的蟾蜍（Toad in the hole）。名字这么好笑，但实际上就是用yorkshire pudding 装着的香肠，另外配着蔬菜和高汤吃。牧羊人派（Sheperd’spie）。做法就是把搅碎了的牛肉，蔬菜，蘑菇汤等搅合在一起，然后把煮熟后的土豆捏碎洒在上面，最后加一层奶酪进烤箱烤，奶酪完全融化后就好了。农夫的午餐（A ploughman’s lunch）。现在主要是餐馆中提供的冷餐，主料是面包、奶酪、泡菜，另加半个苹果，一段芹菜和甜菜等。斑点迪克/狗（Spotted Dick/ Dog）。一个有悠久历史的甜点布丁， 即加了葡萄干或醋栗的点心。斑点指的是其中的干果。

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