专业翻译细分领域研究论文

应用语言学中的术语翻译问题研究论文

摘要：目前，我国对应用语言学的研究已经逐步趋于成熟，但是其中仍然存在一定的问题阻碍该学科的发展，比如：专业术语的翻译不规范、专业术语的使用不符合原则等等。以上问题的出现，使语言学领域的各学者对术语翻译和使用的问题给予高度重视，为了提升术语翻译的规范性和标准性，提出术语翻译所必须遵循的原则和标准。

关键词：应用语言学；术语翻译；规范化；翻译原则

作为一门语言学科，基础的理论知识、概念和专业化术语是必不可少的，通过这些理论基础、相关定义和专业化的术语体现出两种事物之间所存在的深层关系。应用语言学的学科术语表现出两个特性，即：单一性和理论性。也有少部分的学科术语体现出一定的文化性。但是现阶段，对该学科相关术语的翻译呈现出极大的问题，例如：术语翻译的不规范，而且一些非常重要的专业化术语呈现出多种翻译的方法，而这也导致专业术语的使用非常不标准的重要原因。如果不能够提升该学科专业术语翻译的标准化和规范化，将会导致语言学研究学者之间的交流出现阻碍，而且对该学科的发展也会产生极其不利的影响[1]。

一、专业术语翻译所遵循的基础原则

我国近代启蒙思想家严复专业术语的翻译保持高度重视，从他的言论中可以看出所有翻译工作的入手点和落脚点都是专业术语的翻译。如果一篇英语文章或者是英语著作中的专业术语翻译中出现错误，那么对整部翻译作品的质量造成极为严重的影响。

纵观我国近年来英语翻译工作和翻译学的发展历程，有关英语专业术语的翻译还存在极大的问题，最突出的问题就是译者对术语翻译重要性的认知程度较低。还包括其他几个方面的问题，第一，英语中的专业术语所属的学科门类较为广泛，所以难以明确专业术语翻译的统一标准与规范。第二，由于全球经济一体化时代的到来，世界各国之间的交流越来越密切，同时也包括文化之间的交流与碰撞，在这一过程中，我国对国外学术理论的研究和引进将会逐步增强，所以专业术语的翻译问题将会更加显著。而且相对于发达国家的翻译领域来讲，我国对专业术语翻译问题的研究还比较欠缺。这就要求我们语言学研究领域的学者能够提升对术语翻译的认知，从而加快应用语言学学科的快速发展与进步。我国翻译学领域的学者在著作中提到，术语翻译对本民族文化的作用具有双面性，一方面，能够促进我们民族文化的发展，逐步使我们的本族语言更加丰富。另一方面，阻碍我们本族语言的发展，由于术语翻译过程中出现的问题，导致术语翻译没有统一化的标准，所以语言翻译领域内的学术风气被破坏。专业术语的翻译中，往往会遇到一些非常专业化而且极其重要的词汇，往往会由于翻译不当引发各种连锁反应，从而对我国的专业学术用语产生影响，而且还会使我们民族语言的'标准化和规范性受到影响。

因此，为了保证应用语言学中的术语翻译准确性和规范性，就必须制定统一化的原则和标准。应用语言学领域的翻译学者对术语翻译所需要遵循的原则的总结非常多样化，但是大致的原则可以归纳为以下三个，即：准确性、透明性以及简洁性。

（一）术语翻译必须遵循准确性原则

专业化的术语，往往包含着一个学科的重要概念和定义，其自身往往就只有一个解释，而且对该名词的定义非常的准确。所以准确性原则是术语翻译中所需要遵循的最基础原则。为了保证翻译的精确性，要求译者首先能够深入了解专业术语在特定语境背景下的本意，切记将专业术语的日常解释用于译著中，将该术语在其他学科的解释用于该学科也是不正确的做法[2]。

在大多数的情况下，统一术语往往会出现在不同的学科领域内，所以就有学者将其他学科领域内的译法运用到另外一门学科类，有些时候这种做法并不会对原意造成较大的改变，但是需要进行适当的改变，使之更加符合当前的语境。

（二）术语翻译必须遵循透明性原则

透明性原则的判断标准就是读者能够根据译著，最大程度的还原作品。而且在该原则下，翻译出来的著作具有极其强烈的原文色彩，所以很多读者难以接受这种译著。比如：专业的英语名词“non-interface position”往往被翻译成无接口观点，在这个专业术语的翻译过程中就遵循该原则。但是读者在理解该术语的时候往往会觉得难以理解。但是该英语词汇所传达的词义是外显知识与潜在知识是两种完全不同的知识体系，而且不能够以直接的途径进行转变，也可以被说为两者之间缺少连接点。但是术语翻译所遵循的透明性原则具有极强的相对性，也就是在实际的术语翻译过程中，我们不能够为了保证翻译的透明性，从而忽视翻译所需要遵循的准确性原则，避免出现术语翻译的错误或者是翻译之后的词义与原意偏离。比如，应用语言学科中最常使用的研究方法是实地调研，其英语表示为“field work”，也就是在实际的生活中，利用各种调查方法，从而获得所需要的语言材料。而如果不考虑准确性原则，那么该词汇将会被翻译为野外工作，这显然与原句中的含义不符。

（三）术语翻译必须遵循简洁性原则

术语翻译中往往需要进行不同语言之间的信息交换，当一种语言被转变为的其他语言的过程中，虽然需要保持原有的词义，但是由于文化差异会出现多余的词汇，所以需要尽可能的精简所翻译的著作，但是需要保证译著的精炼和准确，而且简洁必须有度[3]。

二、结束语

基于应用语言学，探究术语翻译中出现的各种问题。我们需要明确的是，虽然我们对术语翻译的原则进行了简单的总结，但是语言特有的性质也会使术语翻译中出现的问题变得极其复杂，而这是由于人们的接受水平存在差异，而且术语翻译往往会出现多种译著，这是难以长时间共存的。

参考文献

[1]胡叶，魏向清.语言学术语翻译标准新探--兼谈术语翻译的系统经济律[J].中国翻译，2014，35（04）：16-20.

[2]陈智淦，王育烽.中国术语翻译研究的现状与文学术语翻译研究的缺失[J].当代外语研究，2013，（03）：59-67.

[3]郑述谱.术语翻译及其对策[J].外语学刊，2012，（05）：102-105.

翻译论文研究方法有哪些_论文研究方法有哪些文库_大学论文研究方法有哪几种写论文时具体使用的研究方法是什么调查法调查法是科研中最常用的方法之一。 是一种有目的、有计划、系统地收集研究对象现实情况和历史情况资料的方法。 调查方法是科研常用的基本研究方法，综合运用历史法、观察法等方法和对话、问卷调查、案例研究、测试等科学方式，规划、周密、系统地进行教学现象…… .论文翻译中常用的翻译方法是什么论文翻译中常用的翻译方法是根据英汉两种语言的不同思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时添加一些词、句子或句子，更加准确地表达原文中的含义汉语文学专业论文的研究方法是什么1、文献法文献法是一种古老而富有生命力的科学研究方法。 每个社会活动都想留下永久的痕迹，但各种各样的文献都不可或缺。 人的活动和认识的无限性与个人的生命和认识的有限性的矛盾决定了我们在研究死亡事实时必须依赖文献。 比较研究法作为一种思维方式，比较研究通晓教育研究的全部…… .论文中的研究方法翻译本文采用的研究方法主要是概念…… .theresearchmethodofthistexthasadoptedmainlyincludes : conceptanalysismethod，evidence anal“本论文主要研究内容如下”如何翻译正确？您可以这样翻译theminstarerecontofthispareareasfollows或theminstocontofthisthesareasfollows论文中的研究方法翻译^_^theresereationmetofthisthethasedpatedmainlyincludes : conceptanalysismethod，evidence analysis method，comparison analysis method ww毕业论文的研究方法应该怎么写？研究思路、研究方法、技术路线和实施步骤1、研究如何确定研究课题科学研究是问题―问题―课题教学是研究(掌握方法很重要，否则不是研究)。 进步和成果增长。 教育科学研究的课题主要来自两个方面： a .实践的来源—客观存在或潜在的教育实际问题，教育教育实践本身存在的问题…… .英语论文开头报告的研究方法和手段如何翻译？你的开题报告有什么要求？ 开题报告书需要多少字？ 具体形式的要求是什么？ 我希望你能帮助我。 顺利的开题报告主要包括以下几点。 (1)论文名称是课题名称的第一，名称必须正确规范。 正确地说，论文的名称必须明确论文研究的问题是什么、研究的对象是什么、论文是什么…… .英语专业论文、研究用语的翻译、研究方法是什么？研究方法Method这就够了英语毕业论文题目：从XX理论到散文翻译以XXX为例的文献综述是怎么写的？翻译方向的英语毕业论文可探讨某理论应用于英语翻译。 (选题越具体越好)，但还是要注意一些问题： 1。 这个理论不太古老，可以表达你的新意2 .例如从名家的翻译中选择，典型的3 .请从这个理论本身开始：论述这个理论的提出和发展现状，并且重点研究翻译的起源，最后进行总结。 …是.

英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文

以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!

How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation

I. Purpose and Significance

With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.

It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.

According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.

Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.

II. Literature Review

Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.

With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.

Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.

I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.

Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.

In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.

I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.

In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.

III. Feasibility Analysis

This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:

have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.

have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .

have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in

translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.

have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.

have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.

instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.

IV. Problems of the research and solutions

1. Problems

Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.

2. Solutions

(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.

(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.

(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.

V. Necessary conditions

1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.

2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.

3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.

VI. Outline

I. Introduction

A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation

B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis

C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation

1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English

2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure

II. The Principles of Ellipsis

A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works

B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test

C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident

Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis

A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression

B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression

1. Ellipsis of Articles

a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles

2. Ellipsis of Prepositions

3. Ellipsis of Pronouns

a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns

b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns

c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns

4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions

a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions

b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions

5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric

a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words

b. Ellipsis of Synonyms