关于都市圈论文范文资料

雅思写作的提高不仅需要自己勤加练习，还要多读多看，以下是我给大家整理的雅思写作 范文 及素材：城市化。希望对大家的雅思写作备考有所帮助

雅思写作大 作文 高分范文城市化的影响

Question

These days, it seems that an increasing number of people are leaving rural areas to live in the city.

Discuss some of the effects of rural depopulation ( migration from the country to the city) and suggest some ways in which this trend could be reversed?

Key words analysis

? rural areas: 郊区, 它的相对词是urban areas

? depopulation: 减少居民，后面括号内的内容是岁这个词的解释

? trend: 趋势，和tide, current同义

? reverse: 使倒转

Argument:

? 这是属于 议论文 中的problem的类型，通常会在要求学生表达对这个问题的看法和给出一些解决方案。

Possible effects :

? 过于拥挤的城市易影响城市的舒适度

? 过于拥挤的城市可能会导致失业率升高

Possible solutions:

? 政府进行商业性的引导

? 加强农村基础建设，提升生活便利性

Model Essay 1 – Part 1

Introduction

Rural depopulation is a very important issue in many parts of the world today. In this essay, I will discuss some of the main effects of this problem and also offer some possible solutions to it.

Main body 1

Firstly, it is clear that migration away from the country negatively affects life in the city. Serious environmental and social problems often occur when cities become overcrowded. Problems such as air, water and noise pollution are now increasingly common in urban areas around the world because there are simply too many people living there. Pollution can make city life very uncomfortable indeed and can even cause illness. Beijing is a very good example of this. Overcrowding in cities can also lead to high unemployment (especially in poorer parts of the world) and crime.

Model Essay 1 – Part 2

Main body 2

In order to prevent people from moving away from the country and reduce the size of cities, I feel we must make country life more attractive. In my view, the best way of doing this would be to improve services in the country. One of the main reasons that so many people have left the country is that facilities like shopping centres, cinemas, swimming pools, restaurants, libraries, schools and hospitals are generally better in the city. If such facilities were available in the country, more people would choose to live there. Another effective solution would be for the government to subsidies businesses and workers who move to the country.

Conclusion

n conclusion, I believe we must all recognise how serious this problem is. For the sake of the environment and our own quality of life it is vital that we preserve rural communities.

雅思考试大作文范文:过度城市化的原因和结果

雅思大作文题目：

Since cities have changed a lot, the size ofthe cities has grown enormously. Discuss thecauses and consequence of the enormous sizeof cities.

雅思大作文范文：

Nowadays, the maps of cities are updatedfrequently. With the development of city, more andmore suburbs become parts of the city. When thecities in the world are amplifying constantly, peoplediscuss the topic hotly, the causes andconsequence of the enormous cities. Different people have different answers by theirrespective views.

In my opinion, the evolution of society and the development of economy result in thegrowth of the vast size of cities. Since the number of population in every city is increasingcontinually, people need a large amount of space to live in. With the progress of the technology,the output of crops rises sharply. Fewer and fewer farmers are required, as a result, more andmore villages urbanize. The growth of the cities brings us many huge changes.

There are more job opportunities in the cities. For instance, China will hold the OlympicGames in Beijing in 2008. The government is amplifying the size of Beijing to build new gyms inorder to hold it excellently. Obviously, people in the cities could gain a lot of new jobs.

Of course, the enormous size of cities also has bad effects. Pollution is becoming more andmore serious all over the world with the amplification of the cities. For example, thepoisonous gas sent off by factories and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people tobreathe. Water waste keeps pouring into rivers and lakes; as a result, many water species aredying out. Furthermore, more people the city have, more rubbish we can find.

In a word, since each coin has two sides, we should be acquainted clearly with the reasonswhy the size of the cities has grown enormously and what it will bring us. Thus, we could makefull use of the positive effects and overcome the negative effects.

雅思大作文范文解析-如何解决城市建设带来的问题

题目

The world has many towns and cities constructed in previous centuries that are suitable and livable for people in those times. What problems will this cause today and what can be done to solve these problems?

题型：问题解决

翻译：世界上有许多几个世纪前建造的城镇，适合那时代的人们居住。这会导致今天出现什么问题以及如何解决这些问题呢?

写作结构

开头段：背景引入+话题介绍

主体段 1：可能造成的问题

主体段 2：可以采取的 措施

结尾段： 总结 概括

范文解析

开头段

交代背景“如今全球化和现代化超过了城镇建设，并带来一些问题”，政府需要采取措施解决它们。

背景句：Globalization and modernization nowadays have considerably outpaced the construction of new cities，which has brought some adverse impacts on people’s life.

话题介绍：Under pressure, the government needs to identify them to reduce complaints from citizens.

主体段 1

商业开发为一些城市的城市化带来了一些问题，如交通堵塞，住房紧张等。

主题句：Commercial development gives a facility to urbanization in some cities where the basic infrastructure does not match the needs of enormous flow of dwellers.

平行列举 1：In some cases, the shortage of transportation means that the road would be blocked by vehicles especially during rush hours. This low efficient traffic can have negative implications on business to some extent.

平行列举 2：Apart from stagnated traffic, there are accommodation issues to be considered. This is because the advances of economy surely require large numbers of migrants. If single-storey constructions without necessary facilities including heating, sewage system and even electricity supply take a dominating place in city, it would be difficult for those workers to dwell comfortably.

主体段 2

为解决上述问题，政府可以采取一些措施。如建设高架桥和地下交通系统减轻道路交通;说服房地产公司建造更多功能性的区域来甘山城市面貌。

主题句：To solve the problems identified above, the most influential factor may be the government who is responsible for modifying the old cities.

平行列举：Perhaps viaducts are needed to accommodate more vehicles and underground traffic systems such as railways or underpass tunnels can serve to ease road traffic dramatically. Persuading estate companies to construct more functional concrete jungles would probably be an effective strategy to mitigate the terrible living or working conditions. It would also help to improve the overlook of city if some districts are demolished for central business areas, public parks or statues.

结尾段

总结概括 文章 内容。

Overall, the governors play a vital role in city development, and tax payers should have the awareness of maintaining their new cities.

重点表达

impact on... 对...产生影响

to some extent 在某种程度上

it will/would be difficult for sb to do sth 对某人来讲做某事是有困难的

serve to 服务于

play a vital role in 在某方面发挥巨大作用

雅思大作文范文解析-如何解决城乡差异大的问题

题目

Some people think a rise in standard of living in a country only seems to benefit cities more than rural areas. What problems may those differences cause? How to solve those problems?

题型：问题解决

翻译：有些人认为，提高一个国家的生活水平似乎给城市带来的好处比农村更大。这些差异会造成什么问题?如何解决这些问题?

写作结构

开头段：引入背景+话题介绍

主体段 1：可能造成的问题之一

主体段 2：可能造成的问题之二

结尾段：可采取的措施

范文解析

开头段

交代背景“一个国家的工业化和城市化大大提高了公民的生活水平。然而，许多人断言发展的成就城市超过农村，并产生了许多问题”，表示“应采取措施解决问题”。

背景句：The industrialization and urbanization of a country have massively improved the living standard of its citizens. However, many people assert that the developmental achievements have benefited cities much more than rural areas and a series of problems have arisen.

话题介绍：This essay will discuss the problems and then offer feasible solutions to cope with the situation.

主体段 1

高度发达的大都市区占据了多数的优质资源，提供了大量的就业和商业机会，导致大量年轻农村居民涌入城市寻求机会，直接导致欠发达地区的劳动力和资金严重短缺。

主题句：The imbalance of economic and social progress between rural and urban areas is starkly visible and have triggered a number of problems.

平行列举：First, the highly developed metropolitan areas have occupied the quality resources of education, medical service, finance, commerce and entertainment, providing numerous opportunities in employment and business. As a result, a large number of young rural dwellers crowd into the city to pursue education, hunt jobs and make investments, directly leading to the severe shortage of available labour force and capital in the underdeveloped places. The loss in population and finance would inevitably worsen the overall economic development in rural districts.

主体段 2

由于农村和城市居民的受 教育 程度、职业和收入不同，可能导致农村居民进城务工的时候收到歧视。

主题句：The second problem resides in the aftermath of rural-urban migration.

平行列举：As a multicultural destination, the city holds a huge population with diverse backgrounds in terms of education, profession, income, social class, and even accent. Individuals from underdeveloped places tend to have less professional competence and personal wealth, due to the lack of educational and commercial resources in rural areas. Such discrepancy might trigger discrimination towards the rural residents who struggle their way through the urban jungle. What's worse, the widening wealth gap might even force the poorer ones to commit crimes to obtain more material possession.

结尾段

可采取措施解决发展不平衡的问题，如政府应该帮助农村居民利用当地资源发展旅游和商业贸易产业;在农村地区的教育系统中投入更多的劳动力和资金;还需要立法和监管来打击与歧视和暴力有关的行为。

Several solutions could be taken into account to improve the situation. The government should help rural residents exploiting local resources, such as natural landscape and specialty products, to develop industries in tourism and commercial trade. Once the industries are on the rise, job opportunities would be generated, along with a growing business revenue and average income. In addition, more workforce and fund should be invested into the education system in rural areas. If rural dwellers could obtain a specific skill or a certain academic qualification, they would be more professionally competent and employable. Furthermore, legislation and regulation are also required to fight against conduct related to discrimination and violence.

重点表达

living standard 生活水平

a series of 一系列

cope with 处理，解决

labour force 劳动力

simon雅思写作观点总结之城市化

Simon 写作观点集：Cities 城市化

for Urbanization 城市化的原因

People move to cities in search of job opportunities

Cities offer greater employment possibilities and a higher standard of living

People migrate to cities from the countryside

Traditional activities like farming need fewer workers nowadays

of City Life 城市生活的缺点

Life in cities has its drawbacks

The cost of living is higher than in rural areas

Some people d not manage to find work

Housing is usually much more expensive

Homelessness and poverty are common on cities

There is a gap between rich and poor

Life in cities can be extremely stressful

There are problems like traffic congestion and crime

Cities lack a sense of community

People do not even know their neighbor

Cities are sometimes described as “concrete jungles”.

Areas 人行道

Pedestrian zones in city centre can improve the local environment

Banning cars encourages people to walk or cycle

Many European cities have built bicycle lanes

Dependence on cars is linked to health problems like obesity

People who walk or cycle regularly are generally healthier

Pedestrian areas are safer and more attractive for both residents and tourists

城市是人类社会经济文化发展到一定阶段的产物。城市的出现以社会生产力除能满足人们基本生存需要外，尚有剩余产品为其基本条件。下面是由我整理的关于城市规划的论文范文，谢谢你的阅读。

浅论城市规划

摘要：在当今世界，城市是现代文明的集中体现，城市的发展对一个地区经济社会发展起着至关重要的推动作用。城市就像一块巨大的磁铁，吸引着各种生产要素的集聚。并在集聚效应和规模效应合作协作的催化作用下，各种经济迅速发展，从而带动了城市经济的迅猛发展。可以看出，做好城市的规划对发展经济有很大的帮助。

关键词：城市规划园林景观生态环境

Abstract: In today's world, the city is a concentrated expression of the modern civilization, the development of the city plays a vital role in promoting economic and social development in a region. The city is like a giant magnet, attracting a variety of factors in production agglomeration.

Keywords: urban planning; landscape; ecological environment

中图分类号：TU984 文献标识码：A文章编号：

城市是人类社会经济文化发展到一定阶段的产物。城市起源的原因和时间及其作用，学术界尚无定论。一般认为，城市的出现以社会生产力除能满足人们基本生存需要外，尚有剩余产品为其基本条件。城市是一定地域范围内的社会政治经济文化的中心。城市的形成是人类文明史上的一个飞跃。

一、城市规划的任务

我国城市规划的任务是：根据国家城市发展和建设方针、经济技术政策、国民经济和社会发展长远计划、区域规划，以及城市所在地区的自然条件、历史情况、现状特点和建设条件，布置城市体系;确定城市性质、规模和布局;统一规划、合理利用城市土地;综合部署城市经济、文化、基础设施等各项建设，保证城市有秩序地、协调地发展，使城市的发展建设获得良好的经济效益、社会效益和环境效益。

各国城市规划的共同和基本任务：通过空间发展的合理组织，满足社会经济发展和生态保护的需要。从城市的整体和长远利益出发合理有序地配置城市空间资源;通过空间资源配置，提高城市的运作效率，促进经济和社会的发展;确保城市的经济、社会与生态环境相协调，增强城市发展的可持续性;建立各种引导机制和控制规则，确保各项建设活动与城市发展目标相一致;通过信息提供，促进城市房地产市场的有序和健康的运作。

二、城市规划的发展

城市的发展是人类居住环境不断演变的过程，也是人类自觉和不自觉地对居住环境进行规划安排的过程。在中国陕西省临潼县城北的新石器时代聚落姜寨遗址，我们的先人就在村寨选址、土地利用、建筑布局和朝向安排、公共空间的开辟以及防御设施的营建等方面运用原始的技术条件，巧妙经营，建成了适合于当时社会结构的居住环境。可以认为，这是居住环境规划的萌芽。要实行规划区范围内全覆盖规划，统筹城乡发展，规划在保护自然生态环境基础上，重点突出中心城区职能、空间结构的调整与优化，合理确定和强化各组团产业依托，切实改善城镇生产、生活环境，推进村屯用地结构性调整。规划期内，逐步实现退宅还耕、退宅还林，促进农村人口向中心村、城镇集中;逐步缩小城镇与中心城区的差距，促进小城镇由数量型向质量性转变;逐步发展壮大组团，与中心城区形成联系紧密、资源互补的城市空间。最终实现城乡一体、协调共生的城市发展格局。突出社会公益设施建设，统筹经济与社会发展，规划健全各类公共服务设施，建立合理的级配体系;发挥公共投资导向性作用，促进规划区空间结构的形成和发展;进一步完善中心城区省会服务职能，加强现有城市中心的商业、文化娱乐等公共服务职能;努力促进以信息、金融等现代服务业为主的南部新中心的形成;结合市级文化、会展、体育等专项服务中心的设置，带动分区级中心形成与发展;以建设文化名城为目标，促进公益性文化事业繁荣兴旺，推动经营性文化产业蓬勃发展，全面提高社会文化生活质量。

三、城市发展中存在的问题

我们的城市发展还存在一些问题，比如盲目争建国际化大都市;盲目争建中心商务区;盲目追求高层建筑;盲目建设大量城市雕塑等，以上盲目的做法其实是城市在经济发展过程中不成熟的表现。明确城区发展方向，促进分区发展，为加快经济发展，促进城区、开发区和县域经济发展，在开展大量前期研究的基础上，提出了各城区、开发区的发展方向和功能定位。进一步调整能源消费结构，提高使用清洁能源的比重，发展集中供热，加强对汽车尾气的治理，综合整治大气污染。加快城市污水集中处理设施和城市垃圾无害化处理设施的建设。大力保护和改善生态环境，要保护好已有植被和各组团之间生态防护绿化带，进一步提高城市绿化覆盖率。要加强城市环境综合整治，改善城市生态环境。

四、城市景观规划的具体做法

城市景观规划是城市规划的一个重要环节，根据不同的地区，有不同的地理环境和人文历史。所以，城市景观规划要根据实际情况来设计和计划。要有选择，有目地，有侧重点的进行建设。具体的做法有以下几点：

1、确定景观的活跃元素

在分析了景观的基础上，寻找此景观的特色，最具历史意义的景观风貌，作为此景观的主角。这也是创造文明城市的根本所在。

2、划分特色景观区

要根据城市景观的特色和地理位置的功能进行建设，并渐渐的强化它的特色，从而继承和发扬城市的历史文化。

3、组织轴线景观

这要通过城市的主要干道来决定。

4、控制景观视廓

景观视廓就是为了使各个景观处于通透的状态，在各个方向都能欣赏到，而建立起来的景观走廊。

5、勾勒城市天际线

城市天际线是指自然景观和人工建筑物等形成的轮廓线。天际线轮廓应和景观视廓相配合，相协调。

五、城市景观要素

城市景观要素包括人工景观要素和自然景观要素。其中人工景观要素包括广场、建筑物、集贸市场、园林绿化、艺术小品、文化遗址。那么，自然景观有，大小山丘，石头、湖泊、海洋、古木名树。这些景观为文明城市做了重要的贡献，提高了人民的生活水平，陶冶了人们的情操。

六、经济发展与环境建设的关系

要处理好城市经济发展和环境建设的辩证关系。注意保护和改善城市生态环境，防止污染和其他公害，加强城市绿化建设和市容环境卫生建设，保护历史文化遗产、城市传统风貌、地方特色和自然景观;不能片面追求经济效益，以污染环境。破坏生态平衡、影响城市发展为代价，避免重复“先污染，后治理”的老路，而要使城市的经济发展与环境建设同步进行。人与环境是相互依存的有机整体，保持人与自然相互协调，既是当代人类的共同责任，也是城市规划工作的基本原则。

七、结语

城市的发展越来越快，人们的生活水平越来越高，城市规划成了社会的追求。城市研究任务艰巨而纷繁，这也说明它丰富的活力。城市永远在发展，城市问题也总是相伴而生，但人类必将更为自觉地运用广泛的知识与丰富的想象力、创造力，发展城市环境的规划、建设和管理。城市规划工作从最初社会经济发展的战略研究起，最终要落实到物质建设上，形成供人们生活和工作的形体环境。

城市规划是建筑和园林建设的前提，并为所需的空间准备条件，城市规划研究的进展也为建筑学和园林学的开拓提供了前所未有的广阔天地。规划师与建筑师、园林设计师的工作目标是一致的。随着人类社会的发展，这三学科的有机结合和协同创造，势必将形体环境的建设推向更高的境界。

参考文献：

俞孔坚《景观、文化、生态与感知》 北京科学出版社 1998

陈易《自然之韵――生态居住社区设计》 同济大学出版社 2003年

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