学报属于期刊类文献。
学报有两种,一种是学术刊物,一种是学校官方介绍学校方方面面报道的报纸,简称学报。
而报纸是以刊载新闻和时事评论为主的。
期刊文章的格式:
[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码
例如:
[1]何龄修.读南明史[J].中国史研究,1998,(3):167-173.
[2]OU J P,SOONG T T,et advance in research on applications of passive energy dissipation systems[J].Earthquack Eng,1997,38(3):358-361.
扩展资料:
这些期刊都是经新闻出版总署批准并配发国内统一刊号的。凡取得国内统一刊号的期刊,均为正式出版物。
新闻出版总署从未就学术程度的上下为这些期刊划分过级别,仅从出版管理的角度,依照期刊主管单位的不同将期刊分红中央期刊和中央期刊,这样划分是为了依照期刊主管单位的不同对期刊施行有效的行政管理。
有的期刊在封面上刊载“国家一级期刊”等字样,不是新闻出版总署组织评选出来的,并非政府行为。
参考资料:百度百科-报纸
参考资料:百度百科-学报
参考资料:百度百科-参考文献
学报属于[J]是期刊,根据《中国学术期刊(光盘版)检索与评价数据规范(试行)》和《中国高等学校社会科学学报编排规范(修订版)》的要求,参考文献的格式中,学报属于[J]。 扩展资料 参考文献类型相关信息介绍:参考文献标准格式是指为了撰写论文而引用已经发表的.文献的格式,根据参考资料类型可分为专著[M],会议论文集[C],报纸文章[N],期刊文章[J],学位论文[D],报告[R],标准[S],专利[P],论文集中的析出文献[A],杂志[G]。
参考文献学报格式
做人不可以锋芒毕露,肆意的张扬,只会给自己招来无谓的伤害。以下是我为大家整理的参考文献学报格式,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
1.尽量引用正式发表的文献,以确保读者能找到所引文献。(in press ) 形式的论文可以引用,但校对校样时要核实文章是否已经发表,已发表的应规范引用。
2.采用顺序编码制。依文中出现先后顺序排序号,论文中参考文献的序号根据文献在正文中第一次被引用的先后次序来编号。多次引用的同一文献不重复编号。
3.文献中的'所有作者姓名全部列出,不能“等”或“et al”代替。
4.刊名要给出带缩写号‘.’的正确缩写形式。书名写全名称,并给出出版地城市名,出版商和所引用内容的起止页码。
5. 英文作者姓名均应用“姓的全称 名的首字母”表示,多个作者之间用逗号分开,最后一个作者之前无“and”,之后也无逗号。中文作者姓名之间用逗号分开。
6.同一文献的不同名目用空格分开,比如作者和刊名之间,刊名和卷之间等。
《物理学报》参考文献格式
[期刊] 作者姓名 出版年 刊名 卷号 起始页码
[1] Sun Q C, Wang G Q 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 4667(in Chinese) [孙其诚,王光谦 2008 物理学报57 4667]
[2] Shahverdiev E M, Shore K A 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 016201
[专著] 著者姓名 出版年 书名 版次 (出版地城市名: 出版商)起止页码
[3] Bloembergen N 1965 Nonlinear Optics (New York: Benjamin) pp12—20
[4] Feng D, Jin G J 2003 Condensed Matter Physics (Vol. 1) (Beijing:Higher Education Press) p341 (in Chinese) [冯端,金国钧 2003 凝聚态物理学(上卷)(北京:高等教育出版社) 第341页]
[译著] 原作者姓名 译者姓名(translated by) 出版年 译著名 (出版地城市名:出版商)起止页码
[5]Eckertova L(translated by Wang G Y)1986 Thin Film Physics (Beijing: Science Press) pp110—113 (in Chinese)[埃克托瓦L著 (王广阳译) 1986 薄膜物理学(北京:科学出版社)第110 —113页]
[论文集] 作者姓名 出版年 论文集名称 (出版地城市名: 出版商)起始页码
[6] Hardie R C, Smith F 1983 Collection in Sensory Physiology (Berlin: Springer-Verlag)p13
[会议文集] 作者姓名 出版年 会议名称或会议文集名称 会议地点城市名,会议时间,起始页码
[7] Tabbal A M, Mérel P, Chaker M 1999 Proceedings of the 14th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry Prague, Czech Republic, August 2—6,1999 p1099
[硕/博论文] 作者姓名 年 论文题目 . Dissertation/ . Dissertation ( 城市名: 单位名)
[8] Yang K H 2001 Ph. D. Dissertation (Beijing: Peking University) (in Chinese) [杨凯华 2001 博士学位论文 (北京:北京大学)]
[9]Guo Z Y 2005 . Thesis ( Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China) (in Chinese) [郭哲颖 2005 硕士学位论文 (合肥:中国科学技术大学)]
[预印本]作者姓名 年arXiv号 [学科领域]
[电子文献] 作者姓名 网址 [引用日期]
[专利] 专利获得者姓名 年 专利号
[11] Plank C J 1978 US Patent 4 081 490
一、参考文献的类型
参考文献(即引文出处)的类型以单字母方式标识,具体如下:
M——专著 C——论文集 N——报纸文章
J——期刊文章 D——学位论文 R——报告
对于不属于上述的文献类型,采用字母“Z”标识。
对于英文参考文献,还应注意以下两点:
①作者姓名采用“姓在前名在后”原则,具体格式是: 姓,名字的首字母. 如: Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为:Cowley, .,如果有两位作者,第一位作者方式不变,&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面,姓放在后面,如:Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为:Norris, F. & .;
②书名、报刊名使用斜体字,如:Mastering English Literature,English Weekly。
二、参考文献的格式及举例
1.期刊类
【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名,出版年份,卷号(期号):起止页码.
【举例】
[1] 王海粟.浅议会计信息披露模式[J].财政研究,2004,21(1):56-58.
[2] 夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业论文教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育,2004(1):46-52.
[3] Heider, . The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62 – 67.
2.专著类
【格式】[序号]作者.书名[M].出版地:出版社,出版年份:起止页码.
【举例】[4] 葛家澍,林志军.现代西方财务会计理论[M].厦门:厦门大学出版社,2001:42.
[5] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.
3.报纸类
【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名,出版日期(版次).
【举例】
[6] 李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报,1998-12-27(3).
[7] French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from China[N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33).
4.论文集
【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[C].出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.
【举例】
[8] 伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C]. 上海:上海译文出版社,1979:12-17.
[9] Spivak,G. “Can the Subaltern Speak?”[A]. In & L. Grossberg(eds.). Victory in Limbo: Imigism [C]. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, .
[10] Almarza, . Student foreign language teacher’s knowledge growth [A]. In and (eds.). Teacher Learning in Language Teaching [C]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. .
5.学位论文
【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[D].出版地:保存者,出版年份:起始页码.
【举例】
[11] 张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集[D].北京:北京大学数学系数学研究所, 1983:1-7.
6.研究报告
【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[R].出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.
【举例】
[12] 冯西桥.核反应堆压力管道与压力容器的LBB分析[R].北京:清华大学核能技术设计研究院, 1997:9-10.
一、论文正文引用之处用圆括号作夹注,基本格式为“(作者,发表年份)”,同时将该引文详细信息列明在参考文献内。夹注中包含多篇文献时,各作者之间用分号隔开。
二、参考文献类型以字母方式标识:期刊J,专著M,报纸N,学位论文D,论文集C,报告R,标准S,专利P,数据库DB,计算机程序CP,电子公告EB。
三、电子文献的载体类型采用双字母表示:磁带MT,磁盘DK,光盘CD,联机网络OL。以纸张为载体的传统文献在引用时不必注明其载体类型。
四、参考文献列于文末,以“参考文献:”作为标志,先中文后外文,中文按照拼音前若干字母在字母表中的顺序排列;英文按单词前若干字母在字母表中的顺序排列。参考文献请标明序号,用数字加方括号表示,如“[1][2][3]”。
五、对于文献有多位作者的,只标明前三位作者,以“,”分隔,从第四位开始用“等”或者“et al.”代替。
六、外文参考文献格式与中文参考文献相同,标题的首字母及各个实词的首字母大写。
七、各类参考文献条目的具体编排格式及示例如下:
1.期刊:
[序号]作者.文章标题[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码.
[1]刘明辉,张宜霞.内部控制的经济学思考[J].会计研究,2002,(8):51-53.
[1] KANAMORI without Quaking[J].Science,2002,15(1):12-17.
2.专著:
[序号]著者.书名[M].出版地:出版者,出版年:起止页码.
[2]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1996:15-18.
[2]JONES R M. Mechanics of Composite Materials[M].New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1975.
3.报纸:
[序号]作者.文章标题[N].报纸名,出版日期(版次).
[3]陈毓圭.修订完善审计准则 保持持续全面国际趋同[N].上海证券报,2010-9-20(10).
[3]GUO Ai-bing. Auto Show Revs up Customers' Desire[N].China Daily,2002-06-07(1).
4.学位论文:
[序号]作者.文章标题[D].地点:单位,年.
[4]朱刚.新型流体有限元法及叶轮机械正反混合问题[D].北京:清华大学,1996.
[4]Sun Study of Helicopter Rotor Aerodynamics in Ground Effect[D].Princeton:Princeton University,1983.
5.论文集析出文献:
[序号]作者.文章标题[C]//编者.文集名.出版地:出版者,出版年:起止页码.
[5]张佑才.繁荣会计理论研究促进会计事业发展[C]//中国会计学会.1996年会计学论文集.北京:中国财政经济出版社,1997:537-548.
[5]Hunninghaks G W,Gadek J B,Szapiel S V,et Human Alveolar Macrophage[C]//Harris C Human Cells and Issues in Biomedical York:Academic Press,1980:54-56.
6.电子文献:
对于非纸张型载体的电子文献,当被引用为参考文献时需在参考文献类型标志中同时标明其载体类型[文献类型标志/载体类型标志],如“[J/OL]”。对于载体为“OL”的文献,还应标明发表或更新日期(加圆括号,有出版年的文献可不选此项)、引用日期和网址。
[序号]作者.文章标题[文献类型标志/载体类型标志].(发表或更新日期)[引用日期].网址.
[6]王军.振奋精神 潜心研究 大力推进会计理论研究的繁荣与发展[R/OL].(2005-01-08)[2006-11-12].
要按英文参考文献的格式将中文著作翻译成英文,且在参考文献后面加上(In Chinese).一般是:著作,著作名称,出版年份,出版社,出版社所在城市(In Chinese)
如果有官方的书名翻译,就用英语书名,没有就用拼音或者中文,不用附上中文原文。文章中:..........引用........ (作者,出版年) ps 作者用斜体Reference[1]姓,名,题名:其他题名信息[文献类型标志].其他责任者.版本项.出版地:出版者,出版年:引文页码[引用日期].获取和访问路径.ps 英文参考文献放前面,中文参考文献放在后面,分别按字母和拼音升序排序例如[5] WU C T,MCCULLOUGH R relationships for heterogeneous materials[C]//Holister G in Composite Science Publishers Ltd,1997:119-187.[3] 马克思.关于《工资、价格和利润》的报告札记[M]//马克思,恩格斯.马克思恩格斯全集:第44卷.北京:人民出版社,1982:505.
英文是世界范围内使用最广泛的语言,为知识的广泛传播作出了巨大的贡献。将自己的科研成果以英文论文的形式发表,对学术推广、职称晋升和国际交流都有着深远重大的现实意义。
我们在写英文论文时,很多地方需要引用国内的数据资料,如疾病在国内的发病率、产业的统计数据等等。这些资料都是以中文形式成文发表的,在英文论文写作中需要翻译成英文进行引用。如果没有英文引用格式,又该如何规范引用中文文献呢?
1. 现有摘要引用法
大部分的中文杂志社都要求发表文章时提供相应的题目、作者信息、摘要等内容的英文翻译。当需要将中文文献引用到英文论文中时,直接在网上搜索中文文献相应的英语摘要,导入文献管理软件(如Endnote、NoteExpress、医学文献王等)进行引用即可。
2. 自行翻译题录引用法
如果遇到十分古老或是足够冷门的没有英文摘要的中文文章,则采用自行翻译题录的方法进行引用。在文献管理软件中新建一个题录,按照中文文献的题录格式,在英文题录中依次翻译相应的条目,翻译完成后保存即可按一般题录进行引用。
首先,我们要清楚参考文献是面向读者的,是为了给他们传达文献的信息,从而能够准确、容易地找到这篇参考文献。所以,无论哪种方法,我们都应从这个角度出发。
以最被认可的写作格式规范之一的APA style(被很多期刊使用的文章格式规范标准)为例,APA格式比较建议在引用外文参考文献时,如果是拉丁外语,则保持原始信息,但要增加题目的翻译,
不需要,参考文献本来是什么样子就应该是什么样子。就好像你在中文论文中引用了外文文献一样,不是也没有都翻译成中文吗。一个道理。
不行,论文的标准格式里就有参考文献,不写的话不合格不说,还没有足够的说服力,还有可能侵权,!!你论文里引用的东西都要著名出处,参考文献中都要提及。理论的东西都不是凭空而来的,收集素材是必须的,没有足够的素材,是写不出好文章的。因此不可能没有参考文献的。实在写不出来,拿几本书,按照参考文献的格式,套也要套几个参考文献进去,证明你是有所准备,经过思考,总结得出的结论,是有说服力的!!!
写毕业论文为什么要写参考文献呢?因为你在做这方面的研究之前必须知道现在这一领域这一方面国内国外的研究到什么程度了,有什么成果,有什么发展,还有哪些方面是需要我们做研究和探索的。这时候你一定要去找和研究这方面的资料,这就是参考文献。当然,除非你所做的研究是世界首创,前人没有做过的,也就没有参考了。
一般标准的论文都要加参考文献的哦。大佬也可以随意,力学泰斗钱伟长就有一篇不用参考文献的论文。
参考文献是在学术研究过程中,对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴。除非征引过的文献在注释中已注明,毕业论文一般都要求在文后列举出参考文献。所以毕业论文不可以没有参考文献。
[1] 徐云红.《强化应收账款管理降低财务风险》2011年04期[2] 潘爱香.《财务报表分析》. 2011年9月.[3] 王仲兵.《会计制度设计》. 2011年5月.[4] 罗勇.《企业内部控制规范解读及案例精析析》.「J」2010年6月.[5] 范锋春.《企业会计工作中应收账款的内部管理》.2010年12月.[6] 陈颖.强化应收账款的日常管理[R].内江科技.2009年02期.
一、应收账款管理的相关研究二、信用风险测定的相关研究总 结[正文]前 言国内关于应收账款管理理论的研究不多,主要是在财务管理类书籍中,但作为一项专业研究并不多见。我们现在对应收账款管理的研究一般都是借鉴西方对应收账款管理研究的已有成果,结合具体的业务实际,形成了符合中国国情企业的应收账款管理特色。我国理论界与企业界对应收账款问题的研究介入的较晚,尤其计划经济时期,因为企业是公有制,无须研究企业信用问题,导致当时企业间三角债负担沉重。改革开放后,随着经济体制的改变,人们的观念也发生了深刻的变化。对应收账款管理的研究因市场的需要而逐渐多了起来,但我国学术界和实际工作部门对应收账款管理的研究和探讨都基本不涉及对信用风险的评级和防范问题。研究的应收账款的管理,是从企业应收账款管理存在的问题入手,分析企业自身存在的不足,结合企业自身经济实力、财务状况、财务人员水平、培训机制、财务规章、企业执行力强弱,以及客户财务实力、资信情况,来确定信用期限、信用额度、收款的风险、坏财损失等。最后找出解决办法,逐步完善公司应收账款管理制度。一、应收账款管理的相关研究国内外对应收账款管理方面的研究主要有三大方面:一是应收账款的分析,二是应收账款中不良资产的预测,三是应收账款价值的评定。 (1)应收账款分析[参考文献][1] 荆新、王化成.财务管理学,中国人民大学出版社,2002年6月第三版 [2] 注协考试委员会.财务成本管理,经济科学出版社,2007年4月版 [3] 汪晓莹.DLY公司应收账款管理系统研究.东北大学硕士学位论文,2005 [4] 袁园.关于企业应收账款管理问题的探讨,企业经济,2004年第 4期 [5] 孙铮.全泽,应收账款管理及其信息披露,上海会计,2003,4 [6] Robert Cole. Lon Mahler. Consumer and Business Credit Management. IrwinMcGraw-Hill companies, 1998 [7] Michael Dennis. Credit and Collection Handbook. Prentice Hall. 1999 ...[ 相关资料搜索 ]
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[2]师东菊,安祥林,赵兴艳.企业战略成本管理中存在的问题及策略研究[J].中国科技信息,2007,(02).[3]王宁.现代企业战略成本管理的探讨[J].会计之友(中旬刊),2007,(05).[4]李春献,高安吉,刘均敏.战略成本管理的特点及其应用[J].企业改革与管理,2007,(01).[5]袁华.战略成本管理的基本分析框架[J].商场现代化,2007,(14).[6]任利军,李永,张永宏.战略成本管理方法及其实施程序探析[J].会计之友(下),2007,(03).[7]熊建新.战略成本管理的运用[J].审计与理财,2007,(02).[8]刘芳.实施战略成本管理应注意的若干问题[J].商场现代化,2007,(03).\
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Personal Income Tax Personal Income Tax (PIT) is a direct tax levied on income of a person. A person means an individual, an ordinary partnership, a non-juristic body of person, a deceased person and an undivided estate. In general, a person liable to PIT has to compute his tax liability, file tax return and pay tax, if any, accordingly on a calendar year basis. 1. Taxable Person Taxpayers are classified into "resident" and "non-resident". "Resident" means any person residing in Thailand for a period or periods aggregating more than 180 days in any tax (calendar) year. A resident of Thailand is liable to pay tax on income from sources in Thailand on a cash basis, regardless where the money is paid, as well as on the portion of income from foreign sources that is brought into Thailand. A non-resident is, however, subject to tax only on income from sources in Thailand. 2. TAX BASE Assessable Income Income chargeable to the PIT is called "assessable income". The term covers income both in cash and in kind. Therefore, any benefits provided by an employer or other persons, such as a rent-free house or the amount of tax paid by the employer on behalf of the employee, are also treated as assessable income of the employee for the purpose of PIT. Assessable income is divided into 8 categories as follows: (1) income from personal services rendered to employers; (2) income by virtue of jobs, positions or services rendered; (3) income from goodwill, copyright, franchise, other rights, annuity or income in the nature of annual payments derived from a will or any other juristic Act or judgment of the Court; (4) income in the nature of dividends, interest on deposits with banks in Thailand, shares of profits or other benefits from a juristic company, juristic partnership, or mutual fund, payments received as a result of the reduction of capital, a bonus, an increased capital holdings, gains from amalgamation, acquisition or dissolution of juristic companies or partnerships, and gains from transferring of shares or partnership holdings; (5) income from letting out of property on hire and from breaches of installment sales or hire-purchase contracts; (6) income from liberal professions; (7) income from construction and other contracts of work; (8) income from business, commerce, agriculture, industry, transport or any other activity not specified earlier. Deductions and Allowances Certain deductions and allowances are allowed in the calculation of the taxable income. Taxpayers shall make deductions from assessable income before the allowances are granted. Therefore, taxable income is calculated by: TAXABLE INCOME = assessable income - deductions - allowances Deductions allowed for the calculation of PIT Type of Income Deduction Income from employment Income received from copyright Income from letting out of property on hire - Building and wharves - Agricultural land - All other types of land - Vehicles - Any other type of property Income from liberal professions Income derived from contract of work whereby the contractor provides essential materials besides tools Income derived from business,commerce, agriculture, industry, transport, or any other activities not specified earlier 40% but not exceeding 60,000 Baht 40% but not exceeding 60,000 Baht 30% 20% 15% 30% 10% 30% except for the medical profession where 60% is allowed actual expense or 70% actual expense or 65-85% depending on the types of income Allowances (Exemptions) allowed for the calculation of PIT Types of Allowances Amount Personal allowance - Single taxpayer - Undivided estate - Non-juristic partnership or body of persons Spouse allowance Child allowance (child under 25 years of age and studying at educational institution, or a minor, or an adjusted incompetent or quasi-incompetent person) Parents allowance (parents over 60 years of age with income less than 30,000 Baht) Old age allowance (over 65 years of age) 30,000 Baht for the taxpayer 30,000 Baht for the taxpayer's spouse 30,000 Baht for each partner but not exceeding 60,000 Baht in total 30,000 Baht 15,000 Baht each (limited to three children) 30,000 Baht each190,000 Baht income exemption each Education (additional allowance for child studying in educational institution in Thailand) Life insurance premium paid by taxpayer or spouse Approved provident fund contributionsLong term equity fund 2,000 Baht each child Amount actually paid but not exceeding 50,000 Baht each Maximum allowance (exemption) of 300,000 Bath, but not exceeding 15% of incomeMaximum allowance (exemption) of 300,000 Bath, but not exceeding 15% of income Home mortgage interest Social insurance contributions paid by taxpayer or spouse Charitable contributions Amount actually paid but not exceeding 50,000 Baht Amount actually paid each Amount actually donated but not exceeding 10% of income after standard deductions and allowances Tax Credit for Dividends Any taxpayer who domiciles in Thailand and receives dividends from a juristic company or partnership incorporated in Thailand is entitled to a tax credit. In computing assessable income, a taxpayer shall gross up his dividends by the amount of the tax credit received. The amount of tax credit is then creditable against his tax liability. Tax credit = dividend x corporate tax rate/(100-corporate tax rate) 3. Tax Rates Progressive Tax Rates Personal income tax rates applicable to taxable income are as follows. Tax rates of the Personal Income Tax Taxable Income Tax Rate (%) Tax Amount Accumulated Tax 0 - 80,000 (before 2004) Exempt - - 0 - 100,000 (2004 onwards) Exempt - - 100,001 - 500,000 10 40,000 40,000 500,001 - 1,000,000 20 100,000 140,000 1,000,001 - 4,000,000 30 900,000 1,040,000 4,000,001 and over 37 In the case where income categories (2) - (8) mentioned in are earned more than 60,000 Baht per annum, taxpayer has to calculate the amount of tax by multiplying to the assessable income and compare with the amount of tax calculated by progressive tax rates. Taxpayer is liable to pay tax at the amount whichever is greater. Separate Taxation There are several types of income that the taxpayer shall not include or may not choose to include such income to the assessable income in calculating the tax liability. Income from sale of immovable property Taxpayer shall not include income from sales of immovable property acquired by bequest or by way of gift to the assessable income when calculating PIT. However, if the sale is made for a commercial purpose, it is essential that such income must be included as the assessable income. Nevertheless, from January 2003, gains from sales of residential buildings shall not be included as income if such gains are spent on purchasing a new home within 1 year before or after selling his primary residence. Interest Interest income may, at the taxpayer's selection, be excluded from the computation of PIT provided that a tax of 15 per cent is withheld at source. However, the following forms of individual's interest income are exempt from 15 per cent withholding tax; (1) interest on bonds or debentures issued by a government organization, (2) interest on saving deposits in commercial banks if the aggregate amount of interest received is not more than 20,000 Baht during a taxable year, (3) interest on loans paid by a finance company, (4) interest received from any financial institutions organized by a specific law of Thailand for the purpose of lending money to promote agriculture, commerce or industry. Dividends Taxpayer who is a resident in Thailand and receives dividends or shares of profits from a registered company or a mutual fund which tax has been withheld at source at the rate of 10 per cent, may choose to exclude such dividends from the assessable income when calculating PIT. However, in doing so, taxpayer will be unable to claim any refund or credit as mentioned in . 4. Withholding Tax For certain categories of income, the payer of income has to withhold tax at source, file tax return (Form PIT 1, 2, or 3 as the case may be) and submit the amount of tax withheld to the District Revenue Office. The tax withheld shall then be credited against tax liability of a taxpayer at the time of filing PIT return. The following are the withholding tax rates on some categories of income. Types of income Withholding tax rate 1. Employment income 5 - 37 % 2. Rents and prizes 5 % 3. Ship rental charges 1 % 4. Service and professional fees 3 % 5. Public entertainer remuneration - Thai resident - non-resident 5 % 5 - 37% 6. Advertising fees 2 % 5. Tax Payment Taxpayer is liable to file Personal Income Tax return (Form PIT 90 or 91) and make a payment to the Area Revenue Branch Office within the last day of March following the taxable year. Taxpayer who derives categories of income (5) - (8) during the first six months of the taxable year is also required to file half - yearly return (Form PIT 94) and make a payment to the Area Revenue Branch Office within the last day of September of that taxable year. Any withholding or half-yearly tax, which has been paid, can be used as a credit against the tax liability at the end of the year.