Financial risk objectively and widely exists in all enterprises’ financial activities, and it is of great significance in realizing the financial goal of a company. Thus, it can not be avoided and neglected. It is predicted that, in the near future, most Chinese companies will enter the new financial-directed management stage. And risk financing is an important problem in the future fnancial management. Therefore, how to effectively resist and keep away from all risks and crisis ,is an important problem that must be researched and solved in finnacial mangerment.This is of great importance in the innovation and development of a company. To achieve effective financial management and strengthen the risk management mechanism, the enterprises must firstly understand the origin and charcateristics of financial risk, then predict and evaluate it correctly, and then control and keep away from it properly. Only by this way, can enterprises minimise the lost and make biggest profit.
Abstract:Acomputer-basedaccountingapplicationofmoderninformationtechnologytoachieveacomputerizedaccounting.Fromhandtothedevelopmentofacomputerizedaccountingoperationsandtechnologyandinformationhandlingofthemajorchanges.Itsaccountingmethodofaccountingtheoryandproposedaseriesofnewissues,thetraditionalpatternofaccountinggraduallybeingbroken,thenewaccountingideologicalandtheoreticalgraduallyestablished,thuspromotingthedevelopmentofitsownaccountingchangeand,therefore,thispaperComputerizedAccountingAndmanualaccountinginaccountingonacomparativeanalysis,abriefanalysisofthedifferencesbetweenthetwo,focusingonacomputerizedaccountingandtheimpactofaccountingchanges.（软件翻译的基本还可以）
Accounting work involved in all aspects of social and economic life, the more economic development, the more important accounting. However, in the socialist market economic system gradually improve today, while distortion of accounting information in China's economic life has become a prominent issue. At present, China's distortion of accounting information exposed more and more relevant to the decision makers has a negative impact on decision-making, accounting information distortion has been severely affecting the normal economic order and economic development, has become an important accounting reform. The article in the analysis of causes of false accounting information based on the treatment response。希望能帮上你。
[经济管理] 浅谈会计人才评价 [佚名][2007年4月24日][2] 简介：无 内容： 在以人为本、人才兴国的战略指导下，财政部从去年开始直接组织高层次会计人才培训，计划用10年左右的时间，培养和造就一批精通业务、善于管理、熟悉国际惯例、具有国际视野和战略思维的高素质、复合型领军人才，发挥会计人才在强化会计职能、宣传会计政策、组织继续教育、研究实务问题等方面的组织推动和辐射作用。这是促进我国会计队伍整体素质全面、迅速提高的一个重要举措。国家通过组织会计从业资格考试、会计技术职称考试、…… [Economic Management] on the evaluation of accounting personnel [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [2] Description: None Content: In people-oriented, human resources strategy of rejuvenating the country, under the guidance of the Ministry of Finance last year directly from high-level accounting personnel training, plans to use about 10 years time, to cultivate and foster a number of good business, good management, familiar with international practice, with an international perspective and strategic thinking of high-quality, complex-type leader personnel, accounting personnel to play in strengthening the accounting functions, accounting policies publicity, organization of continuing education, research and other aspects of the practical problems of organizations to promote the role and radiation. This is to promote the overall quality of China's accounting comprehensive, rapid increase in an important initiative. Through the organization of national accounting qualification examination, the examination of accounting titles, ... ... 12. [Economic Management] On Budget Accounting Problems and Solutions [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [7] Description: None Content: To 1 January, 1998 full implementation of "a total budget of the financial accounting system", "administrative accounting system", "accounting standards and institutions" (pilot), "Accounting systems and institutions" as the signs that have been out of our budget accounting under the planned economy model, embarked on the establishment of the need to adapt to a market economy with Chinese characteristics, scientific norms of the road budget for the accounting model. In recent years, with the financial management to accelerate the pace of structural reform, designed in accordance with the theory of public finance budget management model has to start building, budgeting, implementation and other aspects of the management system is undergoing a fundamental change in the budget accounting of customer ... ... 13. [Economic Management] of the bank accounting management [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [7] Description: None Content: Bank accounting is the emergence of banks and at the same time the birth. Each bank's business operation, that is, the operation of bank accounting, the accounting process to achieve through accounting. In other words, the bank accounts of the accounting process, that is specific for banking business and the realization of the basic functions of the banking process. Bank accounting is not only an important basis for the work of banks, the banks can be an objective starting to reflect the operations, accounting and supervisory role, and of these three banks accounting functions can also be counterproductive in the operation of banks, which are complementary to each other. Accounting functions of the bank to play properly, it may be to promote the bank's business ... ... 14. [Economic Management] of accession to the WTO to meet in rural areas, economic and accounting challenges [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [1] Description: None Content: I. Analysis of the current situation: the 21st century, peace and development remain the two main themes of the world. However, we are faced with the times and changes in the competitive environment. (-) Modern science and technology, the rapid development of knowledge-based economy. The 21st century, state-to-state competition in comprehensive national strength, the key is the competitive scientific and technological strength, the use of high precision, the new science and technology to improve the social productive forces, has been to increase the overall national strength has become an important tool. The overall development of science and technology, integrated and cross-cutting nature, science and technology of an unprecedented rapid spread of knowledge into application and production, will greatly promote the economic and social development. (B) of the whole ... ... 15. [Economic Management], after joining the WTO China's CPA industry supply and demand analysis [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [1] Description: None Content: After China's accession to the WTO Institute of Certified Public Accountants industry analysis of supply and demand has joined the World Trade Organization, which China's reform and opening up will enter a new phase. Accession to the WTO on China's accounting market is bound to a certified public accountant and have a profound impact on the industry, this has been done on a number of experts and scholars. This article from the perspective of supply and demand of China's accession to the WTO a certified public accountant, after an analysis of the industry and pointed out that China's CPA industry will face in the WTO situation and problems, and countermeasures to be taken. A needs analysis: a huge market demand and development of space after China's WTO entry, China's CPA industry needs to face the main ... ... 16. [Economic Management] on the application of a number of issues of Management Accounting Thoughts [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [1] Description: None Content: Management accounting is to meet the needs of economic management within the organization need to be gradually formed and developed, its main function is to improve operational efficiency and effectiveness of a variety of established system of internal accounting controls, preparation and delivery of internal management needs of the kinds of data, information and so on. Ways and means of its needs depending on the design, depending on its mode of economic organization in nature, size, operation and management mode to another. It is the most important function is the best business decisions for maximum operational efficiency and provide a variety of useful programs and information. At present, the Management Accounting in China in the application of business management are at a critical turning point ... ... 17. [Economic Management] Accounting for the current problems and countermeasures [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [0] Description: None Content: The current issue of Accounting and Accounting Measures of the work of my late start, from the 20th century until the late 70s, has experienced trying to stage, stage of development of spontaneous and organized, planned and steady development stage, to current management accounting software-based phase of development. More than 20 years in this course of development, has made great progress, the commercialization of GM of the financial software is widely used. Many of the accounting software development is moving toward specialization, commercialization and socialization of the track. However, due to the financial characteristics of the work itself, as well as the rapid development of networks, the rapid emergence of e-commerce, etc., some ... ... 18. [Economic Management] accounting integrity remodeling [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [2] Description: None Content: Securities market in 2001, the Guangxia, MACAT, ST Dawn of listed companies, such as a series of accounting fraud cases came to light, like a nuclear bomb, the explosion of China's accounting profession, and the outbreak of the end of last year the United States the wake of the Enron case, as well as the recent WorldCom, Xerox, the company's accounting fraud case, it led to a serious crisis in international accounting, the past was known as the iron abacus accounting staff, as a rat running across the street. The credibility of accounting has been severely damaged, resulting in Premier Zhu Rongji in Shanghai National Accounting Institute made no inspection of the school motto accounting. Facing a serious crisis of confidence, how to rebuild the credibility of accounting, ... ... 19. [Economic Management] The essence of strategic management accounting research and analysis of the characteristics [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [0] Description: None Content: First, the nature of strategic management accounting studies, the nature of Strategic Management Accounting Strategic Management Accounting (Strategic Management Accounting hereinafter SMA) is the development of management accounting, but also of the SMA did not form a unified understanding. Although many people have heard their is a clear lack of understanding. Here the author and from the strategic management of SMA, SMA, and the meaning and the development of SMA with the traditional distinction between the management of three areas of accounting, the nature of the SMA. (A) Strategic Management and the SMA SMA-shaped ... ... 20. [Economic Management] Internet era accounting system of innovation: to define property rights and market-oriented [Anonymous] [April 24, 2007] [10] Description: None Content: 【Abstract】 The development of network technology, making accounting information in order to lower cost is expected to be completed to define property rights, which means private products to sell in the market; to negotiate lower costs, so that the original accounting controls may become loose; information distance real-time transmission costs decline, making the production functions of accounting information may be completed by the market, that is, shareholders can be the production of accounting information entrusted to the enterprise other than the trustee, and so on. Finally, this paper, the direction of future research. 【Key Words】 accounting information network technology to hand over power market transaction costs of technology innovation, as well as existing accounting in many ... ...12. [经济管理] 试论我国预算会计存在的问题与对策 [佚名][2007年4月24日][7] 简介：无 内容： 以1998年1月1日起全面执行《财政总预算会计制度》、《行政单位会计制度》、《事业单位会计准则》(试行)、《事业单位会计制度》为标志，表明我国预算会计已摆脱计划经济体制下的模式，走上了建立适应市场经济需要，具有中国特色、科学规范的预算会计模式的道路。近几年，随着财政管理体制改革的步伐加快，按照公共财政理论设计的预算管理模式已开始建立，预算编制、执行等环节的管理制度正在发生根本性的变化，预算会计的客…… 13. [经济管理] 浅谈银行会计管理 [佚名][2007年4月24日][7] 简介：无 内容： 银行会计是与银行的出现而同时诞生的。银行每一笔经营业务的运作过程，也就是银行会计的运作、核算过程，都要通过会计来实现。也就是说，银行会计的核算过程，就是具体办理银行业务和实现银行基本职能的过程。 银行会计不仅是银行的重要基础工作，可以客观地对银行的经营运作起反映、核算和监督作用，而且银行会计的这三个职能还可以反作用于银行的经营运作，它们是相辅相成的。银行会计的职能发挥得当，就可能会促进银行的经营…… 14. [经济管理] 浅谈加入世贸组织,迎接农村、经济、会计的挑战 [佚名][2007年4月24日][1] 简介：无 内容： 一、当前形势分析： 21世纪，和平与发展仍然是世界的两大主题。但是我们正面临着时代条件和竞争环境的变化。（—）现代科技、知识经济迅速发展。21世纪，国与国之间综合国力的竞争，关键是科技实力的竞争，利用高、精、尖、新的科学技术提高社会生产力，己成为各国提高综合国力的一个重要手段。科学技术发展的整体性、综合性和交叉性，科技知识的空前快速传播、转化应用和生产，将极大地推动经济和社会的发展。（二）全…… 15. [经济管理] 入世后我国注册会计师行业的供求分析 [佚名][2007年4月24日][1] 简介：无 内容： 入世后我国注册会计师行业的供求分析 我国已经加入世界贸易组织，这标志着我国改革开放将进入一个新阶段。入世必将对我国会计市场和注册会计师行业产生深刻影响，对此已有许多专家学者做过论述。本文仅从供给和需求角度，对入世后我国的注册会计师行业进行分析，并指出我国注册会计师行业在入世后将面临的形势和问题，以及应采取的对策。 一、需求分析：巨大的市场需求和发展空间 入世后，我国注册会计师行业面临的需求主…… 16. [经济管理] 关于我国管理会计应用若干问题思考 [佚名][2007年4月24日][1] 简介：无 内容： 管理会计主要是为适应经济组织内部的经营管理需要而逐步形成和发展起来的，它的主要职能是为提高经营效率和效益而建立的各种内部会计控制制度，编制和提供内部管理需要的各种数据、资料等。它的方法和手段视不同的需要而设计，其模式视不同的经济组织性质、规模大小、经营管理方式而异。它是最重要的职能是为最优经营决策和最高经营效率提供各种有用的方案和资料。 目前，管理会计在我国企业管理中的应用正处在一个关键的转折点…… 17. [经济管理] 会计电算化目前的问题及对对策 [佚名][2007年4月24日][0] 简介：无 内容： 会计电算化目前的问题及对对策 我国的会计电算化工作起步较晚，从20世纪70年代末才开始，经历了尝试阶段、自发发展阶段和有组织、有计划地稳步发展阶段，到目前的管理型会计软件发展阶段。在这20多年的发展过程中，已取得了长足的进步，商品化、通用化的财务软件得到了广泛的应用。许多会计软件的开发已经走向专业化、商品化、社会化的轨道。但由于财务工作本身的特点，以及网络的迅速发展、电子商务的迅速兴起等等，一些…… 18. [经济管理] 重塑会计诚信 [佚名][2007年4月24日][2] 简介：无 内容： 在2001年的证券市场上,银广夏、麦科特、ST黎明等一系列上市公司会计造假案件曝光，像一枚枚重磅炸弹，在我国会计界炸开，而在去年年底美国爆发的安然事件，以及近来的世界通信公司、施乐公司的会计造假案，则引发了一场严重的国际性会计危机，昔日被称为铁算盘的会计人员，成为过街老鼠。会计的信誉已受到了严重损害，以致于朱总理在上海国家会计学院视察时提出了不做假账的校训。面临严重的信任危机，如何重塑会计的诚信，…… 19. [经济管理] 战略管理会计的本质研究和特点分析 [佚名][2007年4月24日][0] 简介：无 内容： 一、战略管理会计的本质研究 一、战略管理会计的本质 战略管理会计（Strategic Management Accounting以下简称SMA）是对管理会计的发展，但目前人们对SMA还没有形成统一的认识。许多人虽然对其有所耳闻，却缺乏一个清晰的理解。这里笔者从战略管理与SMA、SMA的发展及含义和SMA与传统管理会计的区别三个方面，阐述SMA的本质。 （一）战略管理与SMA SMA的形…… 20. [经济管理] 网络时代会计的制度创新：产权界定与市场化 [佚名][2007年4月24日][10] 简介：无 内容： 【摘要】网络技术的发展,使得会计信息可望以较低的成本完成产权界定,从而以私人产品的方式在市场上出售;谈判成本的降低,使原本的会计管制可能变得宽松；信息远程实时传送成本的下降，使得会计信息的生产职能可能由市场来完成，即股东可将会计信息的生产委托给企业经营者以外的受托人，等等。最后，本文提出了未来的研究方向。【关键词】会计信息 网络技术 交易成本 交权市场化 技术的不断创新以及现行会计在许……
会计类专业毕业论文提纲范例
毕业论文是会计学专业教学计划的一个重要的综合教学环节，学生撰写毕业论文的目的在于综合运用所学的基础理论知识、专业知识去发现、分析和解决会计、财务管理、审计等领域中的实际问题的能力，掌握撰写达到相应水平的学术论文的一般程序和方法。下面是我整理的会计类专业毕业论文提纲范例，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、论文的选题
1、毕业论文选题的一般原则：培养学生综合运用所学基础理论知识和专业知识、分析和解决问题的能力。
2、选题应尽力结合有关单位会计、财务管理、审计等工作的具体业务活动，优先选择具有一定社会价值的应用课题，力求提高学生的实践动手能力。
二、毕业论文工作对学生的要求
学生在撰写毕业论文的过程中应做到：
1、在教师的指导下独立进行工作，认真完成毕业论文任务书中规定的各项任务。论文力求做到观点正确，方法科学，技术先进。
2、围绕毕业论文主题开展调查研究。掌握有关方针、政策、法规，收集必要的数据资料，查阅和使用有关技术资料工具书，通过计算、绘制图表等工作提高从事会计、财务管理、审计等工作的能力以及编写文件的能力。
3、领会会计、财务管理、审计等理论和实践的正确关系，培养严格的科学态度和认真踏实的工作作风。
4、论文内容杜绝抄袭。如果论文中需要引用其他论文的观点 、理论、方法、流程等内容，必须在论文中注明参考文献，文责自负。
5、论文遵守国家安全保密条例，注意技术、方法、模式等涉及专利的保密。特别是应用类论文，论文内容应当获得合作单位的许可。
6、按时完成毕业论文各个环节的工作，并得到指导教师的确认。
7、不能按时完成任务，论文内容有抄袭的一律取消答辩资格，做不合格记录。不能按时参加论文答辩的作不合格处理。凡是不合格者在下一学年重作毕业论文，参加下一学年的论文答辩。
三、毕业论文的组织过程
撰写毕业论文一般分为以下几个阶段：
(一)下达毕业论文任务书
毕业论文的选题由学生在教师的指导下选定，由指导教师填写毕业论文任务书，在任务书中应包括以下主要项目：
1、毕业论文的具体要求
(1)确定调研单位和调研内容
(2)确定应查阅的参考书及文献
(3)确定应深入研究的2～3个专题的`内容
2、毕业论文的进度计划
3、其他注意事项
(二)准备工作
学生根据毕业论文任务书的要求与计划安排，首先要了解、熟悉选定的课题的内容和范围，应积累的原始资料及数据，要求解决的问题，然后围绕选题查阅收集有关资料、文献或深入现场了解实际情况，测试采集有关的数据。
(三)检查与指导
为确保毕业论文工作的质量，指导教师应分期分批的组织2～3次报告会。
1、调查报告会和读书心得报告会(第4～5周)
2、专题研究报告会(第8～9周)
其中，专题研究报告会的成果应达到下列要求之一：
(1)对解决本专题有新的见解，新的论点或思路;
(2)对本专题的问题进行了新分析、新论证或新预测;
(3)对解决某项问题提出了新建议，新方案或新举措。
报告会的目的在于交流学生心得及经验，考察学生的毕业论文进度与质量，培养与选拔优秀毕业论文，激发学生分析与思考问题的积极性与创造性。报告会由指导教师与相关教师组成评议组，评出报告阶段的成绩，有关负责人随时检查落实情况。
(四)撰写阶段
在调研和深入研究分析课题的基础上，根据总体撰写方案的要求完成论文的结构布局、段落层次等，运用有关素材写成初稿。
论文应包括下列内容：
1、课题名称、目录及页次;
2、中英文内容提要。扼要叙述内容与要求、原理方法，要求文字精练;
3、正稿。包括问题的提出、原理论述和论点说明、研究方法及成果、绘制图表等;
4、结论。总结本文的理论意义和实用价值，指出特色和新见解，得出结论;
5、参考文献。所有参考文献应注明资料的名称、作者、日期、页码、出版社等。
要求学生独立完成论文，论文观点正确，论据充分，阐述清楚，文字简洁，书写工整。穿插必要的插图、表格和图纸，并装订成册。
(五)定稿阶段
初稿撰写后，送交指导教师审阅定稿。然后按规定格式，用A4 纸打印。最后送论文指导小组。
四、 时间及阶段安排
毕业论文全阶段需要12周。
毕业论文时间进程表
阶段 内容 时间(周)
1 熟悉课题 1
2 调研、收集资料、翻译资料 4
3 确定写作方案 1
4 写初稿、包括计算、绘图、并修改 3
5 送审、修改 1
6 定稿、调整 1
7 准备论文答辩 0.5
8 论文答辩与评定成绩 0.5
合计 12
五、毕业论文的内容
会计学专业毕业论文工作最终应完成下面几部分内容：
1、毕业论文 约1.2万字
2、调研报告 约3千字
3、读书报告 约3千字
4、资料综述 约3千字
5、外文资料翻译 约1.2万个英文字符
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会计学的毕业论文 那就很多了啊 之前没做的话 可能有点难度 我是专门做论文的 有需要的话 可以help you
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lunwen最好还是自己写吧
1、广泛阅读会计学相关期刊杂志及学术类文献； 2、找到自己感兴趣，有想法的方向定题； 3、记录自己的感想，总结看到的观点； 4、列出论文提纲； 5、动手写，并一遍遍润色修改。
您的金融专业的论文具体是什么题目呢 有什么要求呢 论文是需要多少字呢 开题报告 任务书 都搞定了不 你可以告诉我具体的排版格式要求，希望可以帮到你，祝顺利 1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。 2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录） 3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。 4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于资讯系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。 5、论文正文： （1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。 〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容： a.提出-论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证； c.解决问题-论证与步骤； d.结论。 6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献着录规则》进行。 中文：标题--作者--出版物资讯（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物资讯所列参考文献的要求是： （1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。 （2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物资讯。
给你提供了会计学毕业论文看看，看能不能从中发现点什么 中文摘要 对外开放、吸引外资是我国的一项长期基本国策。为了吸引国外的经济资源流入本国，我国一直实行两套所得税法。但随着我国企业改革的逐步深入,内外有别的企业所得税制的弊端日益显现出来，两税合并已成为当前企业所得税制改革的必然。日前，《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》已于第十届全国人大五次会议表决通过并定于2008年1月1日起实施。合并后的企业所得税法将在四个方面得到统一：即统一了内外资企业所得税法；统一并适当降低了企业所得税税率；统一和规范了税前扣除办法和标准；统一了税收优惠政策。本文认为：“两税合一”虽然会在一定程度上减少我国的财政收入，但其为内外资企业打造一个公平竞争的平台，有助于提高内资企业的活力和竞争力，也有助于外资企业的优化，促进我国经济的和谐发展。 关键词：内资企业，外资企业，所得税合并 目录 中文摘要 1 Abstract 2 一、内外资企业所得税合并的研究背景 4 （一） 两税并存产生的历史背景 4 （二） 两税并存的作用 4 二、内外资企业所得税合并的必要性 4 （一） 内资企业和外资企业所得税分立所导致的问题 5 （二） WTO的非歧视原则要求企业所得税的统一 6 （三） 我国关税的减让与非关税措施的全面取消，迫切需要尽快合并两税 7 三、关于合并内外资企业所得税的措施 7 （一） 统一并降低企业所得税税率，为内外资企业创造公平竞争的环境 7 （二） 统一税前扣除范围和标准，是保证公平税负的基础 8 （三） 统一税收优惠，有利于经济稳定发展和资源合理配置 8 （四） 设定过渡期，降低所得税“合并”对外资企业的影响 9 四、合并内外资企业所得税后的影响 9 其他更多的会计学毕业论文，你可以参考 :wendangtianxia./search.asp?m=2&s=0&word=%BB%E1%BC%C6&x=28&y=5
我先前也是对论文的写作非常非常头大，还好后来找品学论文网的老师帮忙才搞定。论文里面的核心部分，分析和资料处理是最难的，包括我身边的一些同学写到一半写不下去了，我都介绍的品学论文网给他们，非常专业，有的甚至把整篇都找帮忙的
先定题目 再想大纲 然后写论文 如果不行我可以给你模板
农村信用社财务管理问题的探讨论文编号:KJ008 字数：6680，页数：8摘 要 面对日益激烈的金融市场竞争，农村信用社应该加强财务管理，促进经营效益的不断提高，才能在竞争中占据主动。但当前农信社财务管理过程中由于受当地党政部门的干预较多、内部管理体制不畅，以及金融市场缺乏公平有序的竞争机制等诸多因素的影响，在一定程度上导致了管理机制的失灵。对此，笔者认为应该从推进财务管理创新、确立财务管理在经营中的导向地位，并从科学合理地制定各项财务指标、努力降低财务成本着手来解决这一问题。 关键词：农村信用社 财务管理 目 录 一、农村信用社财务管理工作中存在的主要问题………………………………1（一）财务管理体制松散，使得财务管理职能未能充分发挥…………………1（二）信贷资产质量低下，使得财务管理目标难以真正实现…………………1（三）非生息资产占比连年攀升，使得财务管理受到一定程度抑制…………1（四）筹资成本不断上升，使得财务管理工作面临巨大的压力………………2（五）财务考核指标设定不合理、科学，使得财务管理凸现负面效应………2二、导致农村信用社财务管理出现问题的原因 ………………………2 三、解决农村信用社财务管理问题的方法和措施………………………………3（一）推进财务管理创新，提升农村信用社的财务管理能力…………………3（二）确立以利润为中心，实现效益最大化的财务目标………………………3（三）努力降低财务成本…………………………………………………………4（四）科学合理地制定各项财务指标……………………………………………4（五）确立财务管理在经营活动中的导向地位…………………………………4\以上回答来自: :lwtxw.49/
微控制器控制交通灯设计 摘要 交通指示灯控制系统包括：控制电路、开关电路、状态显示电路、状态设定电路及控制系统的电源电路。选用AT89C51微控制器作主控制器，程式设计写入微控制器，实现对交通指示灯亮灭、相应状态指示灯亮灭及时间显示的控制。系统交通指示灯供电采用220V交流电源，控制系统供电采用220V交流整流稳压电源，能源获取很方便；电子开关采用光电隔离器MOC3041，安全效能好；控制台采用发光二极体指示相应被控交通指示灯，采用LED数码管静态显示通行时间，非常直观。系统实用性强、操作简便、扩充套件性强 。 关键词：交通指示灯；微控制器；控制 主要技术指标： （1）十字路 *** 通指示灯分红灯、黄灯、绿灯共12路，电源～220V； （2）微控制器控制各色交通指示灯亮灭，以指示可通行与不可通行； （3）可通行与不可通行时间可由按键调整设定； （4）在工作台配合显示状态，采用LED数码管显示。 目录 1引言 1 2交通指示灯控制系统硬体设计 2 2.1十字路 *** 通指示灯亮灭警示分析 2 2.2方案论证 3 2.3交通指示灯控制系统框图 3 2.4交通指示灯控制系统各部分电路设计 4 2.4.1控制电路设计 4 2.4.2开关电路设计 7 2.4.3状态显示电路设计 8 2.4.4状态设定电路设计 9 2.4.5控制系统电源电路设计 10 2.5交通指示灯控制系统原理图 11 3交通指示灯控制系统软体设计 12 3.1程式流程框图 12 3.1.1总程式流程图 12 3.1.2主程式流程图 12 3.2状态开关控制字及记忆体RAM分配 13 3.2.1状态开关控制字 13 3.2.2记忆体RAM分配 14 3.3源程式清单 14 4系统除错及效能分析 15 4.1系统除错 15 4.2系统性能分析 15 5结束语 16 参考文献 17 致谢 18 附录 19 附录1 整机电原理图 19 附录2 PCB板图 20 附录3 元件清单 21 附录4 源程式清单 22
Internal audit is an important component of China's audit supervision part of the establishment of modern enterprise system, improve and perfect the internal audit framework to re-build, internal audit is also the need for further expansion of business scope, the study of internal audit once again become a hot spot . Strengthen the internal audit is to establish enterprise legal system and property rights system needs, but also to ensure that increasing the value of corporate assets, maintenance of property rights owners and the legitimate rights and interests of business operators needs. Internal audit work to do well must give full play to their supervision, appraisal, staff and other functions. Keywords: Internal audit function
With the modern social and economic development, after nearly 10 years of development, China Institute of Certified Public Accountants industry from scratch, its status and role of the community was growing awareness of the ranks of Certified Public Accountants has developed steadily, and its services from a simple audit To the progressive development of capital accounting statement audit, capital and accounting system designed to provide management consulting, tax returns agent, and so on. Although China's accounting market has been gradually established, but the development of society so that the CPA is facing intense competition, which is often accompanied by unfair competition, this series of cut-throat competition in China Institute of Certified Public Accountants for the quality of their work, the public image of the industry Growth of the user's financial information has brought about tremendous benefits. Standardize the management of the establishment of a level playing field accounting services market has become a current priority of the CPA. Key words: competition in the market impact of accounting regulation
With the modern social and economic development, after nearly 10 years of development, China Institute of Certified Public Accountants industry from scratch, its status and role of the community was growing awareness of the ranks of Certified Public Accountants has developed steadily, and its services from a simple audit To the progressive development of capital accounting statement audit, capital and accounting system designed to provide management consulting, tax returns agent, and so on. Although China's accounting market has been gradually established, but the development of society so that the CPA is facing intense competition, which is often accompanied by unfair competition, this series of cut-throat competition in China Institute of Certified Public Accountants for the quality of their work, the public image of the industry Growth of the user's financial information has brought about tremendous benefits. Standardize the management of the establishment of a level playing field accounting services market has become a current priority of the CPA.
摘要：Abstract:随着现代社会经济的发展，经过近十年的发展，我国注册会计师行业从无到有，其地位和作用日益被社会所认识，注册会计师队伍也稳步发展，其服务领域也从单纯的查帐验资逐步发展到会计报表审计，验资、设计会计制度，提供管理咨询、代理纳税申报等各个方面。With the development of modern social economy China's Certified Public Account (CPA)profession has grown gradually from nothing through the development for near ten years, its position and roles have been increasingly recognized by the society, and the ranks of CPA has also grown steadily. Now the service scope of CPA has been gradually expanded from simple capital adult and capital verification to various aspects such as adult of accounting statement, capital veriation, design of accounting systems,providing managemeent consultancy,acting tax returns.虽然我国的会计市场已经逐渐地建立起来，但社会的发展使注册会计师行业面临着激烈的竞争，其中往往伴随着不公平竞争，这一系列恶性竞争为我国注册会计师执业质量、公众形象、行业的壮大、财务信息使用者的利益带来了极大的影响。规范管理，建立公平竞争会计服务市场成为了当前注册会计师行业的当务之急。Although China's accounting market has been established gradually, the CPA profession is facing keen competition owing to the social development, of which unfair competitions often can be seen. Such kinds of malicious competitian bring about tremendous impact on the work quality, public image,and growth of CPA, as well as the benefits of financial information users. Consequently, to standardize the management and establish fairly competitive accounting services market has become a current priority of the CPA profession.关键词：会计市场 竞争 影响 规范管理Key Words: accounting market, competition,impact, standardized management
WER23根据我搜集的一些网站来看，建议看看这个，要做毕业论文以及毕业设计的，推荐一个网站 ，里面的毕业设计什么的全是优秀的，因为精挑细选的，网上很少有，都是相当不错的毕业论文和毕业设计，对毕业论文的写作有很大的参考价值，希望对你有所帮助。别的相关范文很多的，推荐一些比较好的范文写作网站，希望对你有帮助，这些精选的范文网站，里面有大量的范文，也有各种文章写作方法，注意事项，应该有适合你的，自己动手找一下，可不要照搬啊，参考一下，用自己的语言写出来那才是自己的。 如果你不是校园网的话，请在下面的网站找：毕业论文网： 分类很细 栏目很多毕业论文： 毕业设计： 开题报告： 实习论文： 写作指导：
写作思路：结论先行，把想要向人们传达的信息亮出来，随着信息化时代的推进，在寻求更多信息的同时，速度也越来越重要。在当今繁华的时代，对于大多数人来说还是想尽快挺多结论。很多人常挂在嘴边的话便是“简而言之是什么”“到底想说明什么”。
正文：
在每一个未拥有自己真正职业的人的心中，都会有一份憧憬。或许迷茫：看到老师想自己是否也可以教书育人；看到医生想自己是否可以救死扶伤；看到警察想自己是否可以维持正义。或许清晰：从开始定位自己的方向，看一行爱一行，干一行钻一行。
我相信，这样的人生会更精彩。也不知从何时开始，开始关注会计这一专业。或许是因为会计是文科专业中就业率最高的，又或许因为会计对自己来说是一项挑战。
会计是一项经济管理活动，是对一个单位的经济活动进行监督与核算，是与数字打交道，通俗点说就是和钱打交道。这是一项严谨，综合能力强的工作。同时需要从业者心细，稳重，头脑灵活，反应快，对数字敏感。
就本身而言，我从小数学成绩不太好，为人也比较感性。但是，如果每个人都藏起自己的短板，那么生活一定很辛苦。或许做自己喜欢的事情是一项自在的事情，但是做自己不擅长的事情，将是一件极具挑战性的事情。虽然，人不能十全十美，但是如果努力弥补自己的短板，生活将变得五彩纷呈。
有的人学会计最终还是没有走出来，只见树木不见森林。因为他只看到了会计核算的一个层面，对会计没有全面的了解。学习会计，也是有方法的。如将会计专业性语言要有意识的运用，使他成为你语言的一部分，最后会形成一定的语言思维。
会计还分一定的层次和等级，追求不一样，等级就不一样。如果你只是为谋生计，那么很简单，在公司做一个小职员，拿固定的工资。又或者你想超越，想提高，那么可以考虑一下注册会计师，说白了，注册会计师是会计学里面最难的，必须要有一定的决心和信心。
人的一生不一定要风风火火，但一定要充实与快乐。注册会计师可能比我想象的还要难，还要难。获得注册会计师要每一年都参加考试，所以一个注册会计师必须每一年都准备考试，要忙碌，要不断学习。
但是，充满挑战的人生才会更精彩。我幻想着，我可以坐在自己的办公桌前，看着自己写的“财务会计报告“。幻想着可以在忙碌的备考之后，拿到满意的成绩。
但这一切都只是幻想。纸上谈来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。一切都得落在实处。路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。不经历风雨怎能见彩虹。我们要时刻保持一颗清醒的头脑。
其实，每个人心中都有一座山，雕刻着理想、信念、追求、抱负；每个人心中都有一片森林，承载着收获、芬芳、失意、磨砺。一个人，若要获得成功，必须拿出勇气，付出努力、拼搏、奋斗、成功。机遇不相信眼泪，不相信颓废，不相信幻影，只相信爱挑战的人！
据学术堂了解，论文的摘要是在整篇论文中作为一个独立文体存在的。论文摘要主要表述论文课题研究和学习的方法，研究体系，研究过程中有何重大发现，重要问题的发现与解决等。用相对简单明确扼要的词句对论文全篇内容加以概括。论文摘要撰写时，要注意几个要点：一是要用精准的的关键词描述出你此次研究的目的是什么，指示出这次研究课题所涉及的研究范围与研究结果的重要性；二是简单扼要的表述一下此次将研究项目的设计理念，是如何通过基本的课题设计得到其结果的；三是简单的总结出此次研究的结果，比如此次研究有哪方面的突出贡献，有什么新的研究发现，罗列出准确的研究数据并指出其学术价值等等。前面说了，论文摘要是一个独立的文体，要有单独写作思想，摘要单独拿出来可以着重的反映出作者研究的重点在哪，让读者不用通读论文就能明白你的研究方向。摘要应做到客观事实，不能夹杂空谈评论，没有任何的自我表扬或自我批评（摘要不用自我发扬风格，想要发扬风格或自恋一番在论文结尾写）。切记不要用词含糊不清，没有重点，有模棱两可的观点现象出现，让读者读完摘要不知道你要研究的是什么。还有一点要注意，论文的摘要要用第三人称的格式来撰写，不能用第一第二人称来写。摘要是站在第三方立场对论文内容做出结构严谨，语义精确，简明扼要的总结，着重突出作者研究重点。如果出现第一或第二人称的陈述主语势必会影响到论文摘要表述的客观性，严谨性。祝同学们顺利通过论文检测！
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会计信息失真的危害、原因及对策研究 【关键词】 会计信息; 失真; 原因; 对策; 【英文关键词】 Accounting Information Distortion Reasons; Countermeasures; 【中文摘要】 随着市场经济的发展，会计工作的范围也在不断扩展，经济业务的会计处理日趋复杂，会计信息使用者对会计信息披露的要求也越来越高。会计信息是一种综合性的经济信息，在微观管理、宏观调控及促进经济发展等方面，都发挥着巨大作用。会计信息真实与否直接关系到信息使用者的经济决策是否合理有效。根据《会计法》的规定，会计核算必须提供真实、合法、准确和完整的会计信息。《企业会计准则》中也把客观性原则列为会计核算十二条一般原则之首，客观的会计信息必须是内容真实，数据准确，资料可靠，具有真实性、可靠性和可验证性的会计信息。由此可见，会计信息的真实性是会计工作的生命。 失真的会计信息不可靠，不可用，不可比，不可传，误导宏观调控和微观决策。在现实经济活动中，会计信息失真现象越来越普遍，而且越来越严重，一直困扰着我国的经济秩序，也一直为政府和全社会所关注，因此，当前我国的会计工作秩序亟待解决。 本文从会计信息的基本概念、质量特征及其真实性入手，进而分析会计信息失真的表现、危害与分类，并着重阐述会计信息失真的原因及其治理对策。论文共分为四章。 第一章是本文的基础... 【英文摘要】 Along with the development of market economy, the scope of accounting works is expanding constantly, accounting information users' requirements about announcement of accounting information are getting higher and higher. Accounting information is a kind of synthetic economic information. It is playing the enormous role of microcosmic management, macroscopic control and promoting development of economics. The truthfulness of accounting information is very important to the effectiveness of the accou... 会计信息失真的危害、原因及对策研究(www.daixielunwen010.com)第一章 会计信息总论 第一节 会计信息的概念 第二节 会计信息的质量特征 第三节 会计信息的真实性 第二章 会计信息失真的表现、危害及分类 第一节 会计信息失真的表现 第二节 会计信息失真的危害 第三节 会计信息失真的分类 第三章 会计信息失真的原因 第一节 无意识的会计信息失真的原因 第二节 有意识的会计信息失真的原因 第四章 治理会计信息失真的对策 第一节 治理无意识会计信息失真的对策 第二节 治理有意识会计信息失真的对策 参考文献
As everyone knows, the audit of CPA has become the whole social economic supervision system is an indispensable important part in such a great environment, accounting firms have become social and economic development services indispensable role. At present, in the service of Henan province most industrial and commercial enterprises accounting firm for the vast majority of small and medium-sized accounting firm. Therefore, visible in small and medium-sized accounting firm in the development of social economy of Henan province service work importance. This paper combines with the author 's small CPA firm 's actual situation, on small firms in the human resources management in humanistic management advantages and disadvantages in the aspects of the analysis and the discussion.When it comes to humane management of the pros and cons, on one hand, any enterprises toward standardization development and promotion, it should not be, or should abandon the humanity this undesirable management way, replace sb. Is scientific and normalized management system ; on the other hand, under the influence of traditional Chinese culture : " employees first" and " people-oriented" as many companies advocating humane management concept, but in real work," people first " and " people-oriented" but there are a lot of places not just as one wishes, managers should be how to define "staff first " and " people-oriented" in the actual operation, how to correctly grasp the "staff the first" and " people-oriented" humane management, combined with the actual spread out to this problem were analyzed and discussed.
会计电算化与企业信息管理研究 Accounting computerization and enterprise information management research 摘要 the 会计电算化能完成凭证录入、记账算账和报账等核算工作。 Accounting computerization can finish vouchers entry, charge accounts and reimbursement etc accounting. 它是集核算和管理于一体的会计信息系统，财务会计信息为管理提供重要的信息资料，作为其信息来源和依据。 It is the collection accounting and management in the integration of accounting information system, financial accounting information for management to provide important information, as the source of information and the basis. 而企业信息管理是企业管理的重要组成部分，它在现代企业经营中的重要性是不言而喻的，可以说，一个企业信息资源的开发利用和管理水平直接决定着企业的生命。 And the enterprise information management is an important part of enterprise management, it is in the modern enterprise management the importance is self-evident, can say, an enterprise information resources exploitation and management level directly determine the life of the enterprise. 随着电子信息技术与互联网、电子商务的飞速发展，传统的会计核算难以做到信息资源的及时共享。 As the electronic information technology and the Internet, e-commerce's rapid development, the traditional accounting hard information resources sharing in time. 如何将会计电算化融入现今的企业信息管理系统之中，是现代化管理和会计自身改革与发展的需要，是现代科技发展的必然。 How will the accounting computerization in today's enterprise information management system of modern management and accounting itself of the reform and development of modern science and technology development needs, is the inevitable. 本文通过对会计电算化与企业信息管理进行全面的研究，分析了二者之间的关系与相互的影响，从而使会计电算化更好的为企业管理者提供有效的会计信息,提高会计信息质量,为企业管理服务，从而实现会计电算化与企业管理的一体化。 This article through to the accounting computerization and enterprise information management thorough research, analyzes the relation between the two and mutual influence of computerized accounting, thereby better for the enterprise managers provide effective accounting information, improve the quality of accounting information, for enterprise management service, so as to achieve the accounting computerization and enterprise management of integration. 关键词：会计电算化； Keywords: accounting computerization, 企业信息管理； Enterprise information management, 会计电算化与企业管理一体化 Accounting computerization and enterprise management integration
Completed voucher entry, computerized accounting bookkeeping, reporting and other accounting work and therefore. It is a set of accounting and control in one of accounting information systems, financial and accounting information provides important information for management, as its information source and basis. Enterprise information management is an important part of enterprise management, its importance is self-evident in the modern business, it can be said that a level of resource utilization and management of enterprise information directly determines the life of the enterprise. With the rapid development of electronic and information technology and the Internet, e-commerce, traditional accounting difficult and timely sharing of information resources. How the integration of computerized accounting today's enterprise information management system, is a modern management and accounting reforms and development of their own needs, is a necessity of modern science and technology development. This article on computerized accounting and enterprise information management conducted a comprehensive study, an analysis of relationship and mutual influence between the two, so that better computerized accounting for valid accounting information provided by the enterprise, improving the quality of accounting information and management services for the enterprise, enabling integration of computerized accounting and business management.Keywords: computerized accounting enterprise information management; electronic accounting and business management integration