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英语本科论文范文

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文(精选8篇)

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束,我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文,毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式,快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧!下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文,希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.the title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.i hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.the way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.so when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.next, it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five parts.part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.ok! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any correction.The topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.Angela Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve into.With the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and propositions.Next, is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five parts.Chapter one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the thesis.Chapter two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the future.Chapter three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual relationship.Chapter four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist matriarchy.And her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two genders.Chapter five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further study.OK! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. Li.With his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

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英语本科毕业论文范文摘要、关键词、目录、正文、参考文献、感谢词都有

在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等 教育 体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于 毕业 英语论文 范文 大全的内容,欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》 读后感 [摘要]:《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海 故事 。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题,诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来,宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微,水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物,他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物,也就除掉了对这个世界的感情,最后水手内心发生转变,以新的态度对待自然,为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]:老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父,被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学,熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学,与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命,但又都害怕革命暴力,于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区,致力于写诗,并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系,于是远离城市,隐居于昆布兰湖区,寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇,以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年,两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国 留学 ,被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区,与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾,故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加,1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物,令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真,并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设,不仅影响过他的同时代人,也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈,而且,对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者,仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位,是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。 二、《苦舟子咏》简介 《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事:一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开,赶快去赴宴,却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住,不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风,暴风过后,这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此,厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中,那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动,老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去,仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船,水手们一个个都死在甲板上,每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人,只有他没有死。后来,他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦,使死尸们站了起来,仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风,船却渐渐地移动。于是,这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸,出来迎接。但在他到这船之前,它却突然地沉下了,留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来,他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦,便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着,一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来,方才觉得舒服。 三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的 口号 是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张,又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用,而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步,因为它否定了人身依附关系,肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权,肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话,肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以,它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展,对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。 西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在,万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为:上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。 在这两种思想的支配下,作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁,表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物,他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物,也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意,违反自然规律,射死了无辜的信天翁,必然要受到惩罚。于是,灾难来了:风停了,船无法前进,阳光酷热,水手们口干舌燥。这时候,有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆,将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时,老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是,他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为,在道德情感系统中,羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后,就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为,道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说:“凡出自不公正的情感所作的,就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好,并且情感的内容有益于社会,而且还是以有益于社会方式施行,或有所感动,这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现,表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制,常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中,痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的,是低级形式的羞耻感,可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么,羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚,只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物,它激活潜在的思维和力量,专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为,促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏,那他将对道德不屑一顾,达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时,羞耻感要以自尊为前提,一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的,更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近,没有自尊的防卫,就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻,惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误,于是惶惶终日,不断自责自己。 事态进一步发展,在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了,但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去,只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重,导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中,一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析,是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情,感情是对需要的体验,是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素,推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素,推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后,良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为,它便于进行自我谴责,使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责,往往能形成一种力量,促使人们改正自己的行为。 后来,老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法,他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤,孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔,从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸,并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析,是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下,从而进行的对自己内心的深刻 反思 。通过反思,要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案,明白来者可追,逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中,要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思,主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。 故事的最后,老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕:他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人,让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众,承认自己的错误,说出自己的故事,解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔,但还是有种负罪感难以释怀,于是他渴望被人理解,宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样,当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候,不要封闭自己,找一个忠实的听众,把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好 方法 。 总之,柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称,其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶,生与死等哲学问题,宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上,而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面:时而风平浪静,沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起,一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时,柯尔律治并不熟悉大海,但他能凭借想象,使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织,把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体,充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上,长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉,炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体,而长诗的音韵与节奏之美,也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]: 《英美文学选读》 天津大学出版社出版 《英国文学简史》 河南人民出版社出版 《道德心理学》 中南大学出版社出版 毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的 文化 对比分析与翻译 一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段,为适应社会生产活动的需要,在符号的帮 助下产生的。"(苏金智,19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科 学的数字世界里,它的功能是计算,秩序严谨,职司分明,是 实数;而在人类 心灵的数字世界中,它的功能是表义,许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦,1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响,数 字的神化存在着东西方的差异 ,但也存在着共性,有着共同的规律。在"数的 灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天 数",而西方人 也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚 化"的过程。( 王秉钦,1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文, 如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数 科学语言》(商务印书馆,1998),英国人伦拉德·法 拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作 和论文,并开展过学术探 讨。如,王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围 比较 与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页, 语文出版社,1991,1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语 比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上,英汉文化对比专 业委员会会 员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模 式》展开了激烈的 讨论。本人认为东方人,尤其是中国人,自己心目中的天数 是"九"而不是"三",也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。 二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析 在我国,人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色 彩的数字, 是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning),在我国可 以说历时最久,涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一 般数字,在中国古代被 认为是一种神秘的数字,它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字,继而演化出"神 圣" 之意,于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋,便竭 力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天 分九层,极言其高,天证/诞日为正月初 九,天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例 如,北京 城有九门,天安门城楼面阔九问,门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。 汉语词汇中也常 用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓,如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。 根据阴阳五行与数的关系,万物之根均为数,宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10,五行也是数,按传统的五行 理论来划分,则1、2为木:1为阳木,2为阴 木。以3、4为火:3为阳火,4为阴火。以5、6为土:5为阳土,6为 阴土。 以7、8为金:7为阳金,8为阴金。以9、10为水:9 为阳水,10为阴水。这 就是将"象"、"数"与五行 结合起来推演变化,用以显示事物发展变化的内 在联系。由此看来,"九"是最大的阳数,象征着天。 传说 古 代中国人把天分 为九层,九层天是天的最高处,汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空, "九霄云外" ,"九天揽月","九天九地"等。另外,天坛,这个明清两代 祭天的场所,其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象 征意义。 民间传说中还有"九头 鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。 中国人以"九"为大数,刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道:"凡数 指其极者,皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说:"天地之数,始于一,终于 九。"因此,汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因 从"九"为数之 极而引出人生之限,故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎",避讳有“九”之 岁。例如:“ 老太太因明年八十一岁,是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般 认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征,因 为"九"与"苦"同音,因此忌讳 "九"。然而,《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点 ,采 用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计,结果发现 将"九"作为姓的只占极 少数(约占0.35%),而将"九"作为名的却不少(约 占35%)。看来,日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。 此外,《词源》中说:"九:虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时,是数的一种 语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词 典》中,"九"的意思有三个:(1)数目,八加一 后所得;(2)从 冬至 起每九天是一个"九",从一"九" 数起,二"九"、三 "九",一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九,夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次: 九泉,三 弯九转等。因此, 汉语中有不少和"九"有关的 成语 。如:"九牛一 毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。 在我国,数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十 分丰富。如,"九州"是指传 说中的我国上古行政区划,后用作"中国"的代 称。因此,有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns),古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子,各有所好"。因此,《红楼梦》第九回 中用"一龙生九种,种种各 别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多,龙蛇混杂,好坏不一,各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外,在文娱、体育等词汇中,数字"九"也比比皆是。如, 许多歌名都以"九"开头:"九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中,"九柱戏"(nine pins),兵器中 有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。 地名中也有一些以"九"开头的,如"九 寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外,中国人常把" 九"看成 为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时,人们宁愿多出 钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比 如,湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。 在西方,数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说, "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。 英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中 对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多,分别有: 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members,esp.a baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。 其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有: a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律:数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运 用于文娱和体育活动中。如, 保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球 球场有一十八个洞:跳子棋的棋板上各 方均为九个孔; 古 时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来,数字"九" 也倍 受西方人的青睐。 总之,在东西方文化中,数字"九"含有以下主要共性: 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字, 其象征意义均有"神 圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中,数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。 数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于:对中国人来说,其神奇色 彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意 义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其 涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。 三、数字"九"的翻译问题 罗马西塞罗说过:"翻译不是字当句对,而是保留语言的总风格和力 量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、 虚化了的"虚数","实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论,结合 东西方文 化的共性与个性,可采用如下的翻译方法,并遵循以下的翻译原则。 可采取的翻译方法主要有: (一)保留原数字 e.g. We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了,它并没死,只失掉九条命中的一条。 这样翻译过来,人们很容易接受,因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语, 并能够促进东西方文化的融合 。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 e.g.nine out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现", 这样翻译可以加深对奈 达的"对等"和纽马克的"转 换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字 比如,"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如 ,"九九归一,还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均 舍弃了数字,转译其 形象意义。 应遵循的原则主要有: (一)民族性原则 比如,汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力",《汉英词典》(外研社,1996)的译 文有三个:"strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”,成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转 化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则 比如:"匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子,月下嫦娥,那魂灵都飘到九霄云外 去了。"(《儒林外史》), 其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译 文因遵循了"习语性原则", 充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则 数字用于模糊意义时,一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时, 必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其 与 其它 的词结合后所产生的形象意义。 比如:"飞流直下三千尽,疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 ",因此,可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [i.e. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢: 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文

本科英语论文答辩范文

英语毕业论文答辩稿范文(精选8篇)

一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束,我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文,毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式,快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧!下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文,希望对大家有所帮助。

Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.

With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.

Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.

With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.

Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.

For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.

In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.

Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.

Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.

Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.

I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems

Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.

Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.

Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.

Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.

OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.

Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.

The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style

in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.

I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.

Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .

This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.

Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!

I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.the title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.i hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.the way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.so when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.next, it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five parts.part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.ok! that is all. thank you!

Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.

stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any correction.The topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons.Angela Carter (1940-1992) is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve into.With the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and propositions.Next, is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five parts.Chapter one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the thesis.Chapter two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the future.Chapter three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual relationship.Chapter four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist matriarchy.And her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two genders.Chapter five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further study.OK! That is all. Thank you!

Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. Li.With his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.

Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.

Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.

Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.

For the above facts, I select this title.

Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.

The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.

The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.

The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.

The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.

The last part is the conclusion.

I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.

When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.

That’s all. Thank you.

英语专业论文答辩陈述范文

在学习和工作中,大家都写过论文吧,借助论文可以有效训练我们运用理论和技能解决实际问题的的`能力。相信很多朋友都对写论文感到非常苦恼吧,下面是我收集整理的英语专业论文答辩陈述范文,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am… and my supervisor is …

With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction. The title of my paper is An Analysis of the Influence of Popularity of Western Festival in China in Respect of Culture Diversity.

I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. With the development of reform and the expanding of foreign exchanges in China, western festivals gradually become a fashion in China. It has a special and extensive influence on our culture diversity and the values of young people. Foreign festivals are celebrated for fun in China today and give people more opportunities to relax. However, many people worry about this phenomenon, so in the Internet and newspaper, many articles hold an opinion that western festivals should not be celebrated in China. So I want to know whether the popularity of western festivals only take disadvantages for China.

This paper aims to find out the underlying reasons of popularity of western festivals in China and their influences on our cultural diversity so as to guide people out of the wrong region inwardly and roster Chinese festival culture with an active attitude. That is, to absorb the foreign reasonable factors and use it. At the same time, we should exam and reform the unsuitable things with an epoch perspective so that we can meet the coming of the universal civilization.

Meanwhile, as a English major, learning western festival culture is important to the study of English. But in order to improve our culture awareness and language skills, we should know the western festivals origin connotation and influence so that we can work smoothly in the field of cross-cultural communication. Meanwhile, we should also understand deeply not only the western festival culture but also Chinese traditional culture and its festivals.

Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.

The first part introduces the background of popularity of western festivals in China and the meaning of researching.

The second part is about analyzing the result of the questionnaire of the investigation and drawing a conclusion that western festivals are quite popular but they don’t influence the leading position of tradition festivals; what’s more, they are helpful with cultural diversity.

The three part studies the reasons of popularity of western festival in China.

Analysis on the Influence of the Popularity.

Great Impact on Chinese Traditional Festivals.

Impact on Cultural Diversity.

The Correct Attitude to the West Festival in Cultural Diversity Part six draws some conclusions that the popularity of western festivals in China is just outward phenomenon and traditional festivals are still playing an important role in people’s daily life. However, everything has two sides. We do not receive all the popularity of western festival cultures, and we shouldn’t ignore our own festival cultures. The appropriate attitude may be “Remove the dross while keeping the essence”! Western cultures can serve for the development of our own cultures.

本科英语学位论文范文

在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等 教育 体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于 毕业 英语论文 范文 大全的内容,欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》 读后感 [摘要]:《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海 故事 。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题,诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来,宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微,水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物,他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物,也就除掉了对这个世界的感情,最后水手内心发生转变,以新的态度对待自然,为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]:老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父,被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学,熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学,与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命,但又都害怕革命暴力,于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区,致力于写诗,并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系,于是远离城市,隐居于昆布兰湖区,寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇,以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年,两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国 留学 ,被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区,与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾,故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加,1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物,令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真,并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设,不仅影响过他的同时代人,也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈,而且,对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者,仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位,是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。 二、《苦舟子咏》简介 《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事:一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开,赶快去赴宴,却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住,不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风,暴风过后,这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此,厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中,那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动,老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去,仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船,水手们一个个都死在甲板上,每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人,只有他没有死。后来,他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦,使死尸们站了起来,仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风,船却渐渐地移动。于是,这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸,出来迎接。但在他到这船之前,它却突然地沉下了,留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来,他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦,便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着,一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来,方才觉得舒服。 三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的 口号 是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张,又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用,而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步,因为它否定了人身依附关系,肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权,肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话,肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以,它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展,对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。 西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在,万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为:上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。 在这两种思想的支配下,作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁,表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物,他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物,也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意,违反自然规律,射死了无辜的信天翁,必然要受到惩罚。于是,灾难来了:风停了,船无法前进,阳光酷热,水手们口干舌燥。这时候,有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆,将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时,老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是,他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为,在道德情感系统中,羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后,就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为,道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说:“凡出自不公正的情感所作的,就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好,并且情感的内容有益于社会,而且还是以有益于社会方式施行,或有所感动,这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现,表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制,常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中,痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的,是低级形式的羞耻感,可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么,羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚,只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物,它激活潜在的思维和力量,专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为,促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏,那他将对道德不屑一顾,达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时,羞耻感要以自尊为前提,一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的,更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近,没有自尊的防卫,就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻,惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误,于是惶惶终日,不断自责自己。 事态进一步发展,在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了,但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去,只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重,导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中,一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析,是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情,感情是对需要的体验,是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素,推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素,推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后,良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为,它便于进行自我谴责,使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责,往往能形成一种力量,促使人们改正自己的行为。 后来,老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法,他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤,孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔,从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸,并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析,是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下,从而进行的对自己内心的深刻 反思 。通过反思,要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案,明白来者可追,逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中,要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思,主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。 故事的最后,老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕:他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人,让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众,承认自己的错误,说出自己的故事,解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔,但还是有种负罪感难以释怀,于是他渴望被人理解,宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样,当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候,不要封闭自己,找一个忠实的听众,把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好 方法 。 总之,柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称,其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶,生与死等哲学问题,宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上,而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面:时而风平浪静,沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起,一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时,柯尔律治并不熟悉大海,但他能凭借想象,使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织,把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体,充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上,长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉,炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体,而长诗的音韵与节奏之美,也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]: 《英美文学选读》 天津大学出版社出版 《英国文学简史》 河南人民出版社出版 《道德心理学》 中南大学出版社出版 毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的 文化 对比分析与翻译 一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段,为适应社会生产活动的需要,在符号的帮 助下产生的。"(苏金智,19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科 学的数字世界里,它的功能是计算,秩序严谨,职司分明,是 实数;而在人类 心灵的数字世界中,它的功能是表义,许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦,1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响,数 字的神化存在着东西方的差异 ,但也存在着共性,有着共同的规律。在"数的 灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天 数",而西方人 也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚 化"的过程。( 王秉钦,1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文, 如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数 科学语言》(商务印书馆,1998),英国人伦拉德·法 拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作 和论文,并开展过学术探 讨。如,王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围 比较 与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页, 语文出版社,1991,1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语 比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上,英汉文化对比专 业委员会会 员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模 式》展开了激烈的 讨论。本人认为东方人,尤其是中国人,自己心目中的天数 是"九"而不是"三",也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。 二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析 在我国,人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色 彩的数字, 是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning),在我国可 以说历时最久,涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一 般数字,在中国古代被 认为是一种神秘的数字,它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字,继而演化出"神 圣" 之意,于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋,便竭 力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天 分九层,极言其高,天证/诞日为正月初 九,天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例 如,北京 城有九门,天安门城楼面阔九问,门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。 汉语词汇中也常 用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓,如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。 根据阴阳五行与数的关系,万物之根均为数,宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10,五行也是数,按传统的五行 理论来划分,则1、2为木:1为阳木,2为阴 木。以3、4为火:3为阳火,4为阴火。以5、6为土:5为阳土,6为 阴土。 以7、8为金:7为阳金,8为阴金。以9、10为水:9 为阳水,10为阴水。这 就是将"象"、"数"与五行 结合起来推演变化,用以显示事物发展变化的内 在联系。由此看来,"九"是最大的阳数,象征着天。 传说 古 代中国人把天分 为九层,九层天是天的最高处,汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空, "九霄云外" ,"九天揽月","九天九地"等。另外,天坛,这个明清两代 祭天的场所,其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象 征意义。 民间传说中还有"九头 鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。 中国人以"九"为大数,刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道:"凡数 指其极者,皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说:"天地之数,始于一,终于 九。"因此,汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因 从"九"为数之 极而引出人生之限,故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎",避讳有“九”之 岁。例如:“ 老太太因明年八十一岁,是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般 认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征,因 为"九"与"苦"同音,因此忌讳 "九"。然而,《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点 ,采 用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计,结果发现 将"九"作为姓的只占极 少数(约占0.35%),而将"九"作为名的却不少(约 占35%)。看来,日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。 此外,《词源》中说:"九:虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时,是数的一种 语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词 典》中,"九"的意思有三个:(1)数目,八加一 后所得;(2)从 冬至 起每九天是一个"九",从一"九" 数起,二"九"、三 "九",一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九,夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次: 九泉,三 弯九转等。因此, 汉语中有不少和"九"有关的 成语 。如:"九牛一 毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。 在我国,数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十 分丰富。如,"九州"是指传 说中的我国上古行政区划,后用作"中国"的代 称。因此,有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns),古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子,各有所好"。因此,《红楼梦》第九回 中用"一龙生九种,种种各 别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多,龙蛇混杂,好坏不一,各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外,在文娱、体育等词汇中,数字"九"也比比皆是。如, 许多歌名都以"九"开头:"九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中,"九柱戏"(nine pins),兵器中 有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。 地名中也有一些以"九"开头的,如"九 寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外,中国人常把" 九"看成 为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时,人们宁愿多出 钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比 如,湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。 在西方,数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说, "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。 英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中 对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多,分别有: 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members,esp.a baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。 其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有: a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律:数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运 用于文娱和体育活动中。如, 保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球 球场有一十八个洞:跳子棋的棋板上各 方均为九个孔; 古 时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来,数字"九" 也倍 受西方人的青睐。 总之,在东西方文化中,数字"九"含有以下主要共性: 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字, 其象征意义均有"神 圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中,数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。 数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于:对中国人来说,其神奇色 彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意 义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其 涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。 三、数字"九"的翻译问题 罗马西塞罗说过:"翻译不是字当句对,而是保留语言的总风格和力 量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、 虚化了的"虚数","实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论,结合 东西方文 化的共性与个性,可采用如下的翻译方法,并遵循以下的翻译原则。 可采取的翻译方法主要有: (一)保留原数字 e.g. We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了,它并没死,只失掉九条命中的一条。 这样翻译过来,人们很容易接受,因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语, 并能够促进东西方文化的融合 。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 e.g.nine out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现", 这样翻译可以加深对奈 达的"对等"和纽马克的"转 换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字 比如,"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如 ,"九九归一,还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均 舍弃了数字,转译其 形象意义。 应遵循的原则主要有: (一)民族性原则 比如,汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力",《汉英词典》(外研社,1996)的译 文有三个:"strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”,成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转 化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则 比如:"匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子,月下嫦娥,那魂灵都飘到九霄云外 去了。"(《儒林外史》), 其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译 文因遵循了"习语性原则", 充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则 数字用于模糊意义时,一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时, 必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其 与 其它 的词结合后所产生的形象意义。 比如:"飞流直下三千尽,疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 ",因此,可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [i.e. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢: 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文

不知道下面这个能否合你要求。呵呵 (因字数有限制,我可发给你)英语本科毕业论文The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'UrbervillesThesis statement:Everyone knows that Tess’s life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion.OutlineⅠ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'UrbervillesA. Women’s role in industrial movements during 19th century in EnglandB. A brief commentary of the novel1. the writer --Thomas hardy2. general introduction of the novelⅡ.Tess’s spirit of revolt all through her lifeA. Tess’s fight to the moribund society1. the moribund society2. Tess’s fight to the moribund societyB. Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept1. the traditional moral concept2. Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral conceptC. Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion1.the hypocritical religion in that time2. Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religionD. Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage1.Tess’s unfortunate marriage2. Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriageⅢ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring.AbstractThis paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess’s fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life.key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate内容提要本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先,本文对小说的背景做了介绍。然后,对文本进行简要评论。再次,本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论:(1) 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争;(2) 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗;(3) 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗;(4) 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。最后,揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。关键词:悲剧,反抗精神,工业运动,不幸命运

随着人类社会的快速发展,英语在不同国家的地理环境里和社会政治、经济、 文化 影响下发展状况自然不尽相同甚至产生了很大的变化。下文是我为大家整理的关于本科英文论文的 范文 ,欢迎大家阅读参考! 本科英文论文篇1 浅谈英汉文化差异和习语翻译 摘 要:一个民族的语言和文化相互依存、密不可分, 而习语作为语言精华更是承载了极其丰富的文化内涵,充满了人类文化活动痕迹,沉积了浓厚的民族文化。因为自然环境、历史渊源、宗教、文化、风俗民情等方面的差异,习语也就承载了不同的民族文化特色和文化信息,所以英汉习语的翻译常常会遇到许多困难。译者应遵循一定的翻译原则,找到适当的翻译 方法 ,保留原有独特味道,又使读者明确其表达意义。 关键词:文化 习语 差异 翻译方法 习语与本民族的社会风俗、历史和文化一脉相连。一个民族的价值观念、传统观念、 思维方式 都得以在其习语中反映出来。英汉两种语言历史悠长久远,其中更是包含了大量习语,它们活灵活现,典雅含蓄给人不同感受。然而不了解语言中的社会文化,就无法真正掌握语言,更不用说准确翻译。 一、习语的含义及来源 1.1习语的含义 习语是语言在使用过程中形成的独特而固定的表达方式。习语是固定的惯用 短语 ,包括 成语 、俗语、 谚语 等。习语即是语言中重要修辞手段,同时他们本身也是各种修辞手段的集中体现。习语大多以比喻为衬托,具有鲜明的形象性和浓重的民族色彩,其寓意丰富,联想翩翩,经常用在文艺作品中,在政论 文章 中与常见到。 1.2习语的来历 首先,自然环境影响着民族文化的形成和发展。我们的祖先居住在亚洲东北部北温带,平原辽阔,气候温和,逐渐形成自给自足的农业经济,并且相信人和自然能够和谐相处,因此与土地和农业有关的习语也就很多。如Every potter praises his pot. 指“王婆卖瓜,自卖自夸”、 “ 大雪 兆丰年”、 “苗要好,虫除早”等。而英国因为是个岛国,其渔业和航海业有着举足轻重的地位,但常年受天气影响。大量自然有关的习语便形成了。如in deep water 比喻“陷入困境”; spend money like water 比喻“花钱如流水”; to miss the boat 比喻“错失良机”。 其次,习语源自寓言、神话 传说 。古希腊传说和 故事 对英语有着深远影响,许多习语源于其中并得以广泛使用。如希腊寓言中kill the goose to get the eggs,讲述一个乡下人,急于发财杀死了一只能够下金蛋的鹅,认为这样就能一次获得想象中全部金子,最终一无所获;十七世纪英国因为没有排水口,一旦下起暴雨来街道就会水流成河,许多无家可归的流浪猫狗因为淹死而漂浮在水中,居民以为这些尸体是从天而降,从此to rain cats and dogs 就表示“下倾盆大雨”。 再次,文学作品与历史 典故 也是产生习语重要来源之一。“刻舟求剑”出自《吕氏春秋?察今》。Talk of the devil and he comes. “说曹操,曹操就到”出自中国古典名著《三国演义》。再如be seized with imaginary fears表示“风声鹤唳”。Life is but an empty dream. “人生如梦”,源于美国诗人Longfellow的诗文。The Heel of Achilles直译是“阿基里斯的脚踵”,常用来表示“致命弱点”。 最后,宗教亦是习语的重要来源之一。Don’t you see the writing on the wall? 难道你没有看出大难临头了吗?其中writing on the wall意为“不详之兆”,出自《旧约全书》。 二、英汉习语文化差异 2.1风俗习惯差异 在中国人传统观念中,狗是一种卑微的动物。常常用来比喻恶行,含有贬义。如“狗仗人势”、“狼心狗肺”、“狗嘴里吐不出象牙”等,如lead a dog’s life表示“过着猪狗不如的生活”。在西方英语国家中,则常常视狗为伴侣,认为狗是忠实、聪敏的象征,常用狗比喻人的行为。如love me, love my dog“爱屋及乌”;You are a lucky dog.“你是一个幸运儿”; Every dog has his day.“凡人皆有得意日”;as faithful as a dog用来表示“忠诚”。 自古以来,龙在中国人心中就是象征着吉祥的一种瑞兽,古代多以龙代表天子以及权威。在汉语习语中龙一般表示褒义。如“望子成龙”、“龙腾虎跃”、“龙凤呈祥”、“乘龙快婿”等。但是在西方神话中的“dragon”,多是一种长着翅膀和利爪,拖着一根长长的蛇尾,带着满身鳞片并口吐烈火的猛兽。西方人认为龙凶残暴虐,让人感觉恐怖,多用来形容凶悍的人,含有贬义。 由于习惯不同,不同颜色在中英文中便有了不同的文化内涵。比如红色,在中国人的传统观念中,红色象征着温暖、喜庆、吉利,过年的时候会贴红 对联 、送红包,而对别人表示祝福的习语有“红红火火”、“走红运”。但在英语国家中,红色多和灾难、激进、暴力、危险、流血等坏事联系在一起,如on red alert就表示“处于紧急戒备状态”;catch someone red-handed原意指抓到杀人凶手的时候罪犯手上还带有血迹,现比喻“做坏事被当场抓住”。 2.2宗教信仰差异 宗教是人类思想文化组成的重要部分,宗教习语中往往带有浓厚的宗教文化特色。中国人信奉佛教和道教,而英语国家多数信奉____。这使得习语在汉英文化中有着各自的色彩。在汉语中与佛教有关的习语有很多,如“三生有幸”、“ 放下屠刀,立地成佛”、“一尘不染”、“临时抱佛脚”、“六根清净”等等。道教中的习语有:“一人得道鸡犬升天”、 “福兮祸所伏,祸兮福所倚”、“ 道高一尺,魔高一丈”、“灵丹妙药”等。《圣经》在基督____有重要地位,因此大量习语都与之有关。例如Judas kiss“犹大之吻”;eye for eye, tooth for tooth “牙还牙,以眼还眼”,出自《旧约?出埃及记》;make bricks without straw形容“根本做不到的事”;ask for bread and be given a stone直译为想要面包,反而给石头,比喻“得非所求”。God在西方人的心中无所不能,与其有关的习语也有很多。如God helps those who help themselves.“天助自助者”; God sends fortune to fools.“傻人有傻福”; God damn you.则表示诅咒一个人。 死亡对于人类是个可怕又神秘的字眼,为了消除人类对死亡的焦虑和恐惧,各宗教都对死亡作出了解释,对死后的世界进行了描述。中国的佛教称其为“圆寂”、“归真”、“成佛”、“坐化”等等。道教追求得道成仙,对于死亡的描述有如“仙逝”、“羽化”、“得道”、“回光返照”等。____中认为人是上帝用泥照自己的样子捏出来的,有to return to dust/earth一说,意思是人最终会回归尘土,用以来表达死亡。to be called to God“应上帝之召”。再如to join the angelic choirs“与天使同在”都是以一种积极的态度来表示死亡。 2.3自然环境差异 中西方地理环境迥异,中英文中便存在着大量与地理环境有关的习语。英国地处西半球,中国地处东半球,对于风的态度他们与中国人不同,我们所说的eastwind“东风”是温暖的春风,然而在英国eastwind是寒冷的风,让人感到不舒服,因此biting eastwind就指“刺骨东风”。对英国人来说west wind才是春天里温暖而又和煦的风,英国诗人雪莱就著有闻名世界的Ode to the West Wind《西风颂》。在中国热对于东风还有不同喻意。如All is ready except for the east wind.“万事俱备只欠东风”。 英国是一个岛国,因此其渔业十分发达,英语中与航海有关的习语数不胜数。如:a drop in the ocean“沧海一粟”、keep one’s head above water“奋力图存” 、in deep water“陷入严重困境”、 as weak as water “弱不禁风”。中国土地广袤肥沃,多名山大川,与农业和山有关的习语有很多。如“开门见山”、 “留得青山在,不愁没柴烧”、“瑞雪兆丰年”、“捡了芝麻,丢了西瓜”等。 因为地域不同,语言就会存在明显差异。汉语中有“不到长城非好汉”、“有眼不识泰山”、“不到黄河心不死”等。英语则有All roads lead to Rome.“条条大路通罗马”、Take a French leave.“不辞而别”、Carry Coals to Newcastle.直译为把煤送到纽卡斯尔,因为纽卡斯尔盛产煤,因此喻意为“多此一举”等等。 2.4历史典故差异 中英两个国家都有着悠久历史和深厚文化积淀,两种语言中有着大量由历史典故而来的习语。如英文中swang song“绝唱”;castle in the air“空中楼阁”源于神话传说;a Pandora’s box“潘多拉之盒”; cat’s paw源自《伊索寓言》比喻“受人愚弄的人”; meet one’s waterloo源自拿破仑滑铁卢兵败,比喻“一败涂地”。汉语中有 “名落孙山”、“ 完璧归赵” 、“四面楚歌”、“拔苗助长”、 “卧薪尝胆”等等。 三、英汉习语互译主要方法 3.1直译法 英语中有些习语和汉语的表达方法完全或基本相同,这个时候照译即可。如as easy as turning one’s hand“易如反掌”; as busy as a bee“像蜜蜂一样忙”; Love money as one love one’s life.“爱财如命”; sharpen one’s spear only before going into battle“临阵磨枪”; New wine in old bottles.“旧瓶装新酒”; draw water in a bamboo basket“竹篮打水一场空”; The cat weeps over the mouse.“猫哭耗子”; a stone dropped into the sea“石沉大海”;golden age “黄金时代”; as clear as crystal直译为“清澈如水晶”; as proud as a peacock “像孔雀一样骄傲”。 3.2意译法 由于文化差异有些习语不能够直译,读者对其原本形象不够了解,这个时候可保留原文意思而丢弃其原文形象和修辞,避开原有文化背景,采用意译法。例如,to volunteer one’s service“毛遂自荐”; A fish out of water.“很不自在”; You can’t achieve the goal without a risk.“不入虎穴,焉得虎子”; in a frantic rush“手忙脚乱”; run the source of supply “涸泽而渔”; trust to chance and stroke of luck“守株待兔”; keep one’s nose down to the grindstone“埋头苦干”; what is done cannot be undone“覆水难收”。 3.3增补法 有时根据读者需要,翻译时为了使译文更加明确易懂,文字更加通达,会结合上下文需要和原文内涵,增添原文字面上本没有但是意思上包含的词汇。例如,a bull in a china shop“公牛闯进瓷器店──肆意捣乱/一动就闯祸”; to shed crocodile tears“流鳄鱼眼泪──假慈悲”; Judas kiss “犹大之吻,背叛行为”; 盲人瞎马“A blind man on a blind horse―rushing headlong to disaster.”; preparation may quicken the process “磨刀不误砍柴工”。 Pandora’s box“潘多拉的盒子,灾难根源”。 四、结束语 总而言之,习语被人们频繁地使用,它生动形象,是一个民族语言的精华。习语有着本民族的文化色彩,传达本族文化信息,不同民族文化有一定文化差异,因此习语的翻译比较困难。但是根据不同方法,灵活处理形式和内容的关系就可使译文再现原文之美,更好促进文化交流和传播文化知识,帮助人类沟通思想感情。 参考文献: [1]方楚之.英汉翻译基础教程[J].北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2005. [2]宋天锡.翻译新概念:英汉互译实用教程[J].北京:国防工业出版社,2005. [3]刘重德.英汉语比较与翻译[J].青岛出版社,1988. [4]王德军等.实用英汉翻译教程[J].北京:国防工业出版社,2007. 本科英文论文篇2 美国英语与英国英语差异浅析 【摘要】 “英国英语”在美国特有的地理环境里受美国历史文化的影响,随着国家的兴盛发达和其在国际社会中政治地位的迅速提高渐渐产生地区性的变异,形成了“美国英语”。两者在不同国家的地理环境里和社会政治、经济、文化长期影响下,发展状况自然不尽相同、甚至产生了很大的差异。 【关键词】 美国英语 英国 英语 差异 美国独立300多年后的今天,很多美国人(包括那些根本没有英国人血统的)仍把英国英语当作自己的母语――事实上,英国英语确可称为一切英语的基础;但随着人类社会的快速发展,英语在不同国家的地理环境里和社会政治、经济、文化影响下发展状况自然不尽相同甚至产生了很大的变化。因此,英美国英语虽然同根但它们分别在一个历史较短而又较开放的多民族移民国家和一个有着1500多年的相对闭塞的岛国发展了约400年后自然会产生或多或少的不同。总的说来,美国英语简单适用,同时词意丰富具有幽默感和独创性;英国英语纯正、规范。两者具体差别体现在以下几个方面: (一)语法方面 美国英语起源于17世纪已进入早期现代英语的英国英语,当代语法在那时已趋稳定。近400年来美国英语与英国英语虽因隔着大西洋而各自在水一方,但由于语法属于语言内在要素,基本上不受外在的自然地理、社会环境变化的影响,语音的语法体系也就不会在短时期内产生多大的差异;另一方面,现代化的交通工具和传播工具为英美两地人民之间的沟通交流创造了可能,使两者之间少许的语法差异逐渐淡化。因而准确地说,英美国英语在语法上并不存在本质差异,只是一些语法形式在两者的使用中频率有高低之分,并无明显规律。常见情况如下:1. 在动词使用上,英美两地人在使用动词have时会出现少许不同。美国人说:Do you have a pen ? 而英国人往往说:Have you got a pen? 还有一些动词,如burn,dream, learn, smell, spell, spill 和spoil的过去式、过去分词形式在美国英语中都是规则的,而在英国英语中这些动词更常被用作不规则动词;与此同时,也有些动词如fit,quit,wet,dive等在英国英语中都是规则的,而在美国英语中这些动词更常被用作不规则动词。此外,must 一词在美国英语中都可用于肯定的推测,但 must not 表否定推测只见于美国英语且不可缩写成must’t 而英国人一般用can’t或 can not;又如used to, dare, need 既可作实义动词也可用作情态动词,但美国人喜欢把它们用作实义动词,英国人却更愿意把它们用作助动词。2. 在代词使用上,英国人用one’s而美国人有时用his 指代不同性别。 (二)词汇方面 提到英美国英语词汇差异,不同的人对此认识差别很大。其实,英美国英语既然属于同一语言,它们用于表示与人们生活密切相关的基本词汇当然是相同的,英美国英语并不存在各自独立的词汇系统。尽管如此,这两者由于所服务的对象不同而产生的差异自然而然地体现在了语言的基本组成单位――词汇上。其中差异主要表现在同词异义,同义异词和特有词三种形式上:如,表达同样的意思“人行道”美国人用sidewalk 而英国人却用pavement; 有时,同一单词或词组在英美国英语意义却大相径庭,如 wash up 美国人取“洗手”之义而英国人用它表达“洗碟子”的意思。独有词属一国特有词汇,它用于表现一个国家社会政治、生活、文化等鲜明特征。既然英美两国已各自独立发展了近400年,它们的语言自然会带上其政治、经济、文化、生活的烙印。如filibuster 一词只在美语中使用,用来指美国国会中的故意拖延议事现象。 (三)拼写方面 美国人注重实效。在他们看来语言既然是为人类服务的交际工具就应该便于人们使用,因此在美国英语的发展过程中在拼写方面也出现过类似我国简化汉字的运动以求得拼写形式与发音相一致,从而使他们所使用的语言比原先更简单也更实用。这项运动取得一定程度的成功使得美语中一些单词中不发音的某些字母被删除,这也正是造成英美国英语拼写差异的最重要的原因之一。这个差异归纳起来主要有以下几种:1. 在美国英语中词尾为l但不是重读音节的动词分词形式不双写l,如travel, signal, dial, equal等,而在英国英语中却并非如此。2. 许多在美国英语中以ze结尾的动词如realize, organize, analyze, civilize, memorize, recognize等在英国英语却往往被拼作se. 3. 还有几组在美国英语中拼写形式被根据发音规则简化了的常见单词,如本以our结尾的单词labour, favour, honour, colour, 在美国英语中都简化成了以or 结尾;原先拼作centre, theatre的单词在美国英语中也被变了形,成了音形一致的拼法er. 4. 更有简化得更彻底的一些单词如catalogue, dialogue, analogue, gramme, programme, kilogramme等在美国英语都被去掉了不发音的字母成了 catalog, dialog, analog, gram, program,kilogram. (四)发音方面 英国语言学家P.strevens曾在其书中指出英美国英语上的发音差异要比两者之间的语法差异有规律得多。这就是等于告诉我们:英美国英语之间的最大的差别在于发音。美国英语发音具有不同于英国英语的两大特点:一是在vast, cast, last, laugh 一类词中英国英语发的/a:/音美国人却发成/ ?/;二是在英国英语中元音后的r不发音而在美国英语中只要拼写中出现字母r 就发音,这也正是卷舌音“ r ”能成为美音最为明显的特征的原因。这两个发音特点正好体现了美国英语守旧的一面,因为它们真实地再现了伊利莎白时代这两类词的发音。概括地说,美国英语发音的一个最基本的特点也是优点就是发音与拼写的高度一致性,也正因为这个原因,越来越多的 英语学习 者更愿意接受美国英语。 参考文献 [1] 侯维瑞.英国英语和美国英语.1990年7月. [2] 英语的发展和英美语的比较.1995年1月. [3] R.穆斯曼.美国背景 (Background to the USA).世界图书出版社(北京);1995,2. [4] R.穆斯曼.英语国家背景(Background to English-speakingcountries ).世界图书出版社(北京);1995,2 .

复习学位英语的考试,你是选择先复习作文还是其它?下面是我给大家整理的学位英语考试范文,供大家参阅!

Directions: For this part, you are to write a composition of no less than 120 words on The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents. You should write according to the three-point outline given below.

1. 跨世纪人才应具备哪些素质;

2. 为什么需要具备这些素质;

3. 怎样才能成为跨世纪人才。

The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents

In order to survive and succeed in the 21st century, the cross-century talents should have a good education background, strong communication skills and an open mind, etc.

Because our society is characterized by the "knowledge economy", education background is becoming vital to all of us. We surely need to learn modern technology in order to succeed in our life. As the world economy becomes more and more globalized, we need to contact different people in different parts of the world. A good command of a foreign language and an understanding of cultural difference become increasingly important. As the world becomes "smaller", we need to be more open-minded to new ideas.

To become a cross-century talent, we need to bear in mind that learning is no longer a once-and-for-all experience, but an on-going process, or in other words, the idea of lifelong renewal will prevail.

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Machine Translation and Human Translation. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1)现在诸多的电子辞典及相关翻译软件被开发出来,人们不再需要翻阅厚重的字典。

2)有人认为以后机器翻译会完全取代人工翻译。

3)你是否同意这种观点,为什么?

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种新兴事物,提纲第2点针对该事物提出一种有争议的观点,提纲第3点要求表明“我”是否同意这种观点,由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。根据所给提纲,本文应包含如下内容:描述电子辞典和翻译软件的使用现状,引出机器翻译会代替人工翻译的观点;表明“我”对这一观点的态度并说明理由;总结“我”的观点,提出建议。

【参考范文】

Machine Translation and Human Translation In recent years, all kinds of electronic dictionaries and translation software have been developed. With the development of technology, these electronic dictionaries and software can help us translate not only words and phrases but even sentences and paragraphs. So some people come to the conclusion that machine translation will replace traditional human translation. However, I couldn't agree with this argument. Admittedly, translation machines and software bring much convenience for our study and our work. With them, we needn't bother to leaf through the heavy dictionaries. However, machine translation has its disadvantages. First, generally speaking, translation software only can give direct translation, which is sometimes not in accordance with the original articles in logic and meaning. Second, some people depend on electronic dictionaries and software too much, which is unfavorable to their improvement in language ability. Considering the above-mentioned, I think that machine translation cannot replace human translation, but it is a good complementary to human translation. Therefore, we should combine machine translation with human translation efficiently.

(1) 电脑和互联网给电影产业带来多种影响

(2) 阐释各种影响及原因

(3) 我的看法

专家支招

这是一个解释现象型的题目,探讨了电脑和互联网对于电影产业的影响,写作时应当围绕提纲进行构思:① 第一段简要说明这一现象,第二段阐释各种影响及其原因,第三段提出自己的看法。② 写作时注意语言做到准确流畅,可以适当应用复合句,使文章衔接更加自然。

名师点评

The Influence of Computer on the Movie Industry

The movie industry is quite different from what it was before. It has become ① even more so with the aid of computers. Computers and the Internet have made many influences on the movie industry. ② These, however, come down to the following aspects.

First, the development of computer graphics has enabled the movies to have more terrific ③ visual effects. The digital technology can create vivid images ④ out of thin air. And the 3D picture is another breakthrough of visual enjoyment. Second, the development of personal computers and the Internet has made it easier to download piratical movies, thus the box office of movies will be impacted. However, it can also help promote movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.

In my opinion, the further development of computer and the Internet may make more changes to the movie industry. There may be more technologies to bring us ⑤ multi-dimensional enjoyments. Maybe one day we can have totally immersive impressions of movies with the help of computer.

Analysis

① even more so用于强调当前的情况更加严重,可以用于提出话题。

② come down to表示“归结为”。

③ visual effects意为“视觉效果”,是高分表达。

④ out of thin air表示“无中生有”,属于固定搭配。

⑤ multi-dimensional意为“多维的”,可以用于有多方面意义或多角度讨论的话题。

举一反三

1. Computers and the Internet have made many influences on the movie industry.

a. Computers and the Internet have influenced the movie industry a lot.

b. Computers and the Internet have great effects on the movie industry.

2. However, it can also help promote movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.

a. However, it can also increase the fame of movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.

b. However, it can also contribute to the promotion of movies by the wide spread of film reviews and comments.

商务英语本科论文范文

随着全球经济一体化趋势日益加快,国际商务活动日益频繁。这些商务活动的许多领域,如技术引进、对外贸易、招商引资等,所使用的英语统称为 商务英语 。下面是我带来的关于商务英语 毕业 论文摘要的内容,欢迎阅读参考!商务英语毕业论文摘要(一) 商务英语特点浅析 [摘 要]商务英语是外贸人员同世界各地开展进出口贸易时用于洽谈交易、联系业务的一种应用语言。由于英汉两种截然不同语言的差异及其特定的社会功能和题材内容决定了商务英语自身与众不同的写作特点。本文拟从跨 文化 交际学的角度对商务英语的特点作一番探析,从而事倍功半地达到成功交际的目的。 [关键词]商务英语 跨文化交际 合作原则 礼貌原则 关联原则 商务英语毕业论文摘要(二) 商务英语翻译浅析 [摘要]商务英语翻译在国际贸易中起着越来越重要的作用。本文从商务英语的内涵、特点、翻译策略等方面,对商务英语的翻译进行了浅要的分析。 [关键词]商务英语翻译策略 商务英语毕业论文摘要(三) 浅谈英语商务 谈判技巧 [摘要] 随着经济全球化的发展。中国的国际贸易也越来越发达。要想和外国人做好每一笔生意,你必须了解世界各国的文化。国际贸易中跨国的商务谈判在所难免,所以你也必须懂得把全界各国商人的谈判风格研究从文化的角度来探讨国际商务谈判,分析国际商务谈判过程、世界各国商人的谈判风格,增强中国商人在国际贸易中的竞争力。 [关键词] 语言技巧谈判风格谈判技巧 以下是我带来的关于商务英语的论文,希望能帮到您! 浅谈商务英语教学 摘 要:随着中国在世界经济中的日益活跃,大学中的商务英语需求也随之增多,这是因为商务英语专业培养的是有着扎实的英语基础同时具备外贸专业知识的复合型人才;同时,教师如何讲好这门课也日益受到关注。所以,本文就以商务英语教学为话题进行浅谈,企在与同行有所交流并最终相互促进与提高,使学生和教师双赢。 关键词:大学;商务英语;教学 随着中国在国际经济活动中的日益活跃以及自身发展的迫切需要,商务英语专业也日益成为了大学热门专业之一。商务英语专业培养的是有着扎实的英语基础同时又具备外贸专业知识的复合型人才,因此,对于商务英语的教学既要考虑到英语知识的授予,又要注重英语能力的提高。如同一般英语一样,阅读也是商务英语语言运用中的一项重要活动,通过阅读既可以让学生掌握相关阅读技巧,从而提高阅读速度和语言能力;同时又可以培养学生接触商务知识和熟悉商务运作流程的实用能力。所以,本文就以商务英语中教学方面进行浅谈,企在与同行有所交流和相互促进与提高。 一般来说,商务英语教学应该涵盖语言学习和商务知识两方面内容,是集语言理论、商务理论及商务实践于一体的综合性教学。所以,教师的教学要结合所用教材,灵活运用 教学 方法 ,并且在教学活动中要注意活跃课堂气氛,让学生在轻松愉悦的氛围里进行知识的学习,最重要的是提高学生实际应用语言并进行交流的能力。对于该课程的教学,笔者根据多年的相关教学 经验 , 总结 出了如下的教学建议: 第一,基本词汇是商务英语的基础,以此为基础,扩充词汇的学习,这是进行相关商务 英语阅读 的基础。可以通过将生词与已知词汇进行相关联系来实现对生词的记忆和掌握,当然,将生词放在阅读 文章 中进行学习也是一个很好的方法,或者将二者联系起来回更好。下面举例说明。 confirm一词在普通英语中作动词时的意思是“确认,证实”,如: ● His guilty expression confirmed my suspicions. (他内疚的表情证实了我的猜疑。) 而在商务英语中,confirm应该译为“保兑信用证”,即指一家银行所开的由另一家银行保证兑付的一种银行信用证。如下句: ● Payment will be made by 100% confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit available by sight draft。(付款方式为100% 即期,保兑,不可撤消信用证。) 那么,教师再阅读短文中就可以先将需要讲解的词汇标出,让学生说出在一般英语中的其意义;然后,在进行商务英语中所表示出的意义的讲解;最后,让学生思考并练习这些“商务意义”,注意一定要在句中,然后是整篇文章中进行理解和熟悉。 第二,具备一定商务英语词汇后就要以篇章为单位来进行训练,目的是进一步巩固所学新意(商务英语中该词汇的意义)。此阶段,最好选取一些有实用价值的英语阅读材料,在真实的商务场景中进行语言知识和商务知识的双方面习得。如:阅读文章中摘出的两句话: ● You may get a 5% discount if your order is on a regular basis. ● If a seller extends credit to a time draft, they have made a trade acceptance. The seller can request that the bank finance the transaction by buying the draft. The bank is said to discount the draft. 通过加深巩固练习,学生可以跟深刻地理解discount一词。 下一步,以对话或是篇章进行知识的延伸。如下面关于产品介绍的对话: ● A: These are our new models. B: What are their strong points? A: There's a lot to be said for them. In the first place, they are more durable than any similar ones on the market. B: Why does it take longer to wear out than the others? A: The yarn is carefully selected for quality and woven very tightly in this fabric. B: Can you leave these samples with us? A: How long do you want to keep them? B: About three days. ● A: That's all right 此时,引导学生进行整体把握,即:“为什么在这种语境会这么说?”为下一步中西方差异做铺垫。并且可以考虑在这个阶段的学习后增加一些课堂对话练习的活动,激发学生使用的欲望,增添真实的语境。 第三,在商务英语的教学中一定要注重商务礼节的介绍,并且还要特别之处中西方商务礼节或习惯方面的差异,以免在今后的实际运用中造成跨文化差异而带来的不必要的困扰。如:在中国,对于对方的赞美或是夸奖,为了表现出礼貌,通常受赞美或是夸奖的一方一定会说“哪里哪里”等拒绝性的答复;但是,西方人一般会去高兴地接受,往往是Thank you. / Thank you very much. 等,因为他们认为拒绝是极为不礼貌的。又如,在商务谈判时,中国人喜欢委婉而谦和地表达自己的观点;而西方人一般会开门见山,直奔主题。因此,在平时的教学中必须指出诸如此类的文化差异,一方面解答而来学生对于一些商务英语文章背景的不理解问题,另一方面也提高了学生的学习兴趣和求知的欲望,充满了好奇感和探究感。 总之,在课堂教学中一定要同时兼顾英语的基础知识而后专业知识的储备,以及英语技能和相关商务知识的积累这两方面的内容。但是,这些不是孤立的,而是相互关联和相互渗透的,可以说,一环扣一环,环环相关,某一个方面出现问题,就会影响 其它 方面的学习和提高。因此,我们在日常的教学中应该多角度、多方面进行指导,同时,也要求我们教师也要多学习、多更新自己的知识,这样才能满足学生的需求和自身的提高。 参考文献 [1] 蔡芸。培养复合型人才的有效方式--商务英语专业课程评价[J]。外语与外语教学,2001(4)。 [2] 陈建平。案例教学法与商务英语教学[J]。宁波大学学报( 教育 科学版), 2004(5)。 [3] 刘江凤。论本科院校商务英语专业学生职业技能的培养[J]。考试周刊,2011(5)。 [4] 莫再树,张小勇,张云。基于语言经济学的商务英语教育研究[A].。湖南大学学报(社会科学版),2006(4)。 [5] 叶兴国。新形势下的商务英语教学与研究[C]。上海:上海外语教育出版社。2008年10月。 猜你喜欢: 1. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 2. 商务英语毕业论文范本 3. 关于商务英语毕业论文范文 4. 商务英语专业论文范文 5. 商务英语相关毕业论文范文

在全球化时代,随着国际交流日益增多,中国对高质量英语人才的要求也达到了前所未有的高度。英语教学在中国高等 教育 体系中占据着举足轻重的地位,也肩负着社会培养高质量人才的重任。下文是我为大家搜集整理的关于 毕业 英语论文 范文 大全的内容,欢迎大家阅读参考!毕业英语论文范文大全篇1 浅谈老水手的心理历程——《苦舟子咏》 读后感 [摘要]:《苦舟子咏》是英国19世纪湖畔派诗人柯勒律治的一首长诗。全诗是一个充满了奇幻之美的的航海 故事 。全诗探索人生的罪与罚问题,诗人把热爱宇宙的万物泛神论思想和____思想结合起来,宣传仁爱和基督____罪思想。诗中的水手的心理活动刻画得细致入微,水手杀掉信天翁表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物,他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物,也就除掉了对这个世界的感情,最后水手内心发生转变,以新的态度对待自然,为此他才得以解脱出来。 [关键词]:老水手;道德;内疚;痛苦;赎罪 Abstract: “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” is one of Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s masterpieces. It is a long poem, telling a story in the form of ballads .The poem can be approached as a dream voyage to another realm, as a story of sin and expatiation, or as the quiet essential representation of the alienated isolated modern individual. 一、作者简介 塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治(Samuel Taylor Coleridge)1772年10月21日生于英格兰西南部德文郡一个乡镇牧师的家庭。9岁丧父,被送往伦敦基督慈幼学校上学,熟读希腊、罗马文学。19岁入剑桥大学,与骚塞相识。当时两人都同情法国革命,但又都害怕革命暴力,于是设想去美洲建立乌托邦社会。计划失败后柯尔律治移居英格兰部西部湖区,致力于写诗,并与华兹华斯结成密友。他憎恶资本主义城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系,于是远离城市,隐居于昆布兰湖区,寄情山水或缅怀中世纪的宗法社会。他们创作出歌颂大自然的或美化宗法制农村生活方式的诗篇,以抵制丑恶的资本主义现实。因此被称为“湖畔派诗人”。1798年,两人合作出版著名的《抒情歌谣集》。同年他与华兹华斯兄妹到德国 留学 ,被康德的哲学和耶拿派的诗歌理论和创作所吸引。回国后继续居住于湖区,与华兹华斯保持往来。柯尔律治年青时代即患有风湿痛等多种疾病。为求镇痛他长期服食鸦片竟至上瘾,故健康大受损害。晚年他贫病交加,1834年7月25日逝世于海格特。柯尔律治的作品以真的细节描绘超自然的神秘事物,令人甘愿暂时不去考虑普通情理而信以为真,并在领略到一种怪异的美的同时获得教益或良知的觉醒。柯尔律治的创作实践和理论建设,不仅影响过他的同时代人,也影响了包括和他政治态度相左的拜伦、雪莱和济慈,而且,对于时至今日的诗歌艺术探索者,仍具有重要的借鉴价值。他在英国文学史上有重要地位,是浪漫主义思潮的重要代表。 二、《苦舟子咏》简介 《苦舟子咏》是柯尔律治唯一一部完整的长诗。这部长625行的叙事谣曲是一个神秘恐怖的浪漫故事:一名老水手对一个赴结婚宴的客人讲述了他自己的可怕的故事。客人想走开,赶快去赴宴,却为老水手眼中的特殊表情所吸引住,不得不站在那里把这个故事听完了。老水手和同伴们坐了一艘船出海去。一路上很平安。然后遇到了一阵暴风,暴风过后,这位水手却无端地射杀一只了航海者认为好运象征的信天翁。因此,厄运又降临了。船驶进静海中,那里没有风也没有浪;太阳如火如荼地照耀着。海水绿绿地满载着腐物。船停在那里不动,老水手被视为这次厄运的造因者。水手们都渴得要死去,仿佛有一只船要驶进救他们却又消失不见了。那是一只幻船,水手们一个个都死在甲板上,每个死者的眼光都注定在这位杀死信天翁的水手身上。全船的人,只有他没有死。后来,他对于自所做的恶罪觉得悔恨。于是天使们可怜他的悲苦,使死尸们站了起来,仍去做水手们的职务。他们开上了帆。虽然没有风,船却渐渐地移动。于是,这船一直驶到了老水手的故乡。一个领航者离了海岸,出来迎接。但在他到这船之前,它却突然地沉下了,留下了这位老水手在海波中与死神挣扎着。他被领航者所救。后来,他一想起那时受的言之不尽的痛苦,便不能忍。他的心在体内烧着,一直到了把这可怕的故事说了出来,方才觉得舒服。 三、分析老水手的心理历程 “自由、平等、博爱”是资产阶级道德重要规范。“自由、平等、博爱”的 口号 是资产阶级革命时期提出来的。它既是资产阶级的政治主张,又是资产阶级道德的重要内容。这一口号的提出不仅在政治上曾经起过推动历史进步的作用,而且在人类道德发展史上也是一个巨大的进步,因为它否定了人身依附关系,肯定了人身自由;否定了等级特权,肯定了人的平等;否定了把人不当人的非人道主义的博爱思想。一句话,肯定了人的尊严、价值以及个人对幸福的追求。所以,它对个性的张扬和自我意识的发展,对人们挣脱禁欲主义、蒙昧主义、等级主义的枷锁都起到了巨大的革命作用。 西方____的万物泛神论主张神无处不在,万物都是神的表象。这种主张认为:上帝就等于万事万物;任何个别事物就是上帝;世上的事物实际上都是虚无的。 在这两种思想的支配下,作者把信天翁认为是基督____徒。老水手无端地射死了信天翁,表示他拒绝社会给他的礼物,他除掉了深爱自己并代表超自然的事物,也就除掉了对这个世界的感情。老水手违反上天的指意,违反自然规律,射死了无辜的信天翁,必然要受到惩罚。于是,灾难来了:风停了,船无法前进,阳光酷热,水手们口干舌燥。这时候,有人指责老水手——“你怎敢放肆,将神鸟射死!是它引来了南风。”此时,老水手开始意识到自己行为的错误。于是,他开始不断地感到内疚。心理学认为,在道德情感系统中,羞耻感是其中的一个元素。毕达哥拉斯要求人们对自己言行进行反省以后,就应该在内心里对卑劣的行为感到羞耻、悲哀和恐惧;对善良行为感到欣喜。沙莆慈伯利认为,道德上的善恶主要取决于感情系统中的羞耻感。他说:“凡出自不公正的情感所作的,就是不义恶行和过失;如果情感公正、健全、良好,并且情感的内容有益于社会,而且还是以有益于社会方式施行,或有所感动,这就必定在任何行动中构成我们所说的公平和正直。”不义、恶行和过失将引起人们的羞耻感。羞耻感是个人的自我道德意识的一种表现,表示一个人对自己的行为、动机和道德品质的谴责时的内心体验。良心是羞耻感的的主要作用机制,常表现出焦虑、羞愧和内疚等情绪。道德焦虑是一种复合情绪。其中,痛苦和畏惧是主要构成“因子”。但它仅以避免外在处罚为目的,是低级形式的羞耻感,可又是羞耻感发生的基础。那么,羞耻感的真正作用是什么?是内疚,只有内疚才是高度的主体意识的产物,它激活潜在的思维和力量,专注与对过失的懊悔和追悔的行为,促进个体的心理成熟。如果个体内疚匮乏,那他将对道德不屑一顾,达不到“有羞知格”的认识。同时,羞耻感要以自尊为前提,一个没有自尊的人是不会知耻的,更不会自责。自尊体现了对自我社会话的切近,没有自尊的防卫,就不可能有自责的意识和行为的发生。老水手对自己的不道德行为知耻,惭愧和悔恨。老水手真是由于良心发现才深感自己行为的错误,于是惶惶终日,不断自责自己。 事态进一步发展,在他忏悔和祈祷下挂在脖子下的鸟掉下来了,但是同行的水手都因为缺水而一个个地死去,只有老水手一个人活着。这似乎是上帝对他的又一个惩罚。他一方面觉得自己的罪行深重,导致了其他水手的死亡——痛苦;另一方面在茫茫大海中,一条船上就他孤零零的一个人——恐惧。于是他的内心又经历了一场痛苦与恐惧的考验。良心是每个人自身内部的道德评析,是自己对自己行为道德价值的认识、认知、判断、态度、感情、体验、意向、意志、动机等一切心理反应活动。老水手不断对自己惊醒良心谴责。良心的基本因素是感情,感情是对需要的体验,是心理的动力因素。它一方面产生良心的认知因素,推动自己去判断自己行为的道德价值;另一方面则产生良心意志因素,推动自己做出改过迁善的选择。在行为过后,良心对行为的后果有影响和评价作用。对于履行了道德义务并产生了好后果的影响和行为,它便于进行自我谴责,使人感到内疚、惭愧和悔恨。这种自我谴责,往往能形成一种力量,促使人们改正自己的行为。 后来,老水手虔诚地祈求海蛇破开魔法,他才获救得以回家。人非圣贤,孰能无过?人生在生活中不免发生道德过失。道德反省就是通过对道德过失的追悔,从而激励人们采用新的道德行为去补救已经酿成的道德不幸,并且通过对道德过失的觉醒为将要开始的道德行为提供罗盘。道德反省的实质在于主体对自己已作的道德选择进行批判性的分析,是在主体已经体验到自己的道德行为存在着过失的情况下,从而进行的对自己内心的深刻 反思 。通过反思,要为今后的行为提供新的路线和方案,明白来者可追,逝者可补。在今后的行动过程中,要用千倍的补偿替代原有的损失;通过反思,主体对自我发展和自我需要与社会道德的系统会领悟得更加深刻。 故事的最后,老水手回到了家。于是出现了开篇的那一幕:他极力拉住去赴婚宴的人,让他们听他讲这个离奇的故事——他想寻找听众,承认自己的错误,说出自己的故事,解除内心的痛苦——赎罪。尽管老水手已经虔诚忏悔,但还是有种负罪感难以释怀,于是他渴望被人理解,宣泄出来以排除内心的痛苦。生活也是这样,当我们遇到困难、痛苦的时候,不要封闭自己,找一个忠实的听众,把自己的苦恼说给他听。这是一种释放压力的好 方法 。 总之,柯尔律治的这首诗歌以神秘、怪诞著称,其中的心理描写可谓是典范!诗歌探讨了罪与罚、善与恶,生与死等哲学问题,宣传了一切生物皆上帝听造的教义。但诗歌的真正价值并不在故事本身或它所包含的哲理上,而在以造型艺术的精确性和音乐的流动感为读者创造了一幅幅神奇的海洋画面:时而风平浪静,沉寂安宁;时而风暴骤起,一片喧嚣。在写作此诗时,柯尔律治并不熟悉大海,但他能凭借想象,使真实的情形与幻想的景象互相交织,把平凡的细节与诗意的象征融为一体,充分显示了瑰丽奇特的想象能力。在诗艺上,长诗将英国民歌的自由与古典文人诗的谨严冶于一炉,炼就出适合表达浪漫主义情绪的活泼自然的诗体,而长诗的音韵与节奏之美,也表现了诗人能让文字进行歌唱的本领。 [参考文献]: 《英美文学选读》 天津大学出版社出版 《英国文学简史》 河南人民出版社出版 《道德心理学》 中南大学出版社出版 毕业英语论文范文大全篇2 浅谈东西方数字九的 文化 对比分析与翻译 一、前言 "数是人类思维发展到一定阶段,为适应社会生产活动的需要,在符号的帮 助下产生的。"(苏金智,19 91)"数字是语言学中的一个特殊的领域。在科 学的数字世界里,它的功能是计算,秩序严谨,职司分明,是 实数;而在人类 心灵的数字世界中,它的功能是表义,许多数字经过“神化”后成为“玄数”、 “虚数”、“ 天数"。它们有着极其丰富的外延和内涵。"(王秉钦,1998) 由于受东西方文化传统、宗教信仰、语言崇拜、地理环境等方面的影响,数 字的神化存在着东西方的差异 ,但也存在着共性,有着共同的规律。在"数的 灵物崇拜"上各民族都有普通性。东方人有自己心目中的"天 数",而西方人 也有自己心目中的"神数"。神秘数字的演化规律一般经过"神化—泛化—虚 化"的过程。( 王秉钦,1998) 东西方已有不少有关数字科学的专著和论文, 如毕达哥拉斯(phythagoras) 学派的T·丹齐克的《数 科学语言》(商务印书馆,1998),英国人伦拉德·法 拉的《七的探源》;国内也有不少学者就数字写过著作 和论文,并开展过学术探 讨。如,王秉钦教授在其《语言与翻译新论》的中篇第六章就以"数的语义范围 比较 与翻译"为专题;苏金智曾写过《数的灵物崇拜》(载〈语言、社会、文化》 440页, 语文出版社,1991,1) 等。在1998 年南昌大学主办的"中国英汉语 比较研究会第二届年会暨第三次学术研讨会"上,英汉文化对比专 业委员会会 员曾就中南工业大学外语学院吴玲英老师的《中西文学中"以三为法”的文化模 式》展开了激烈的 讨论。本人认为东方人,尤其是中国人,自己心目中的天数 是"九"而不是"三",也并非完全是因为"九" 是"三"的倍数。 二、东西方数字"九"的文化对比分析 在我国,人们之所以把"九"看成是自己心目中的"天数"和最富有神奇色 彩的数字, 是因为"九" 这个数字的象征意义(symbolicmeaning),在我国可 以说历时最久,涉及面也最广。 "九"作为数不同于一 般数字,在中国古代被 认为是一种神秘的数字,它起初是龙形(或蛇形)图腾化之文字,继而演化出"神 圣" 之意,于是中国古代历代帝王为了表示自己神圣的权力为天赐神赋,便竭 力把自己同“九”联系在一起。如天 分九层,极言其高,天证/诞日为正月初 九,天子祭天一年九次。更有趣的是连皇宫建筑都与"九"有关。例 如,北京 城有九门,天安门城楼面阔九问,门上饰有九路钉(即每扇门的门钉纵横各九排)。 汉语词汇中也常 用"九"来形容帝王将相的称谓,如"九五之尊"(imperial throne);称官位仅次于皇帝的王爷为"九千岁 "等。 根据阴阳五行与数的关系,万物之根均为数,宇宙也是数。数始于1而终于 10,五行也是数,按传统的五行 理论来划分,则1、2为木:1为阳木,2为阴 木。以3、4为火:3为阳火,4为阴火。以5、6为土:5为阳土,6为 阴土。 以7、8为金:7为阳金,8为阴金。以9、10为水:9 为阳水,10为阴水。这 就是将"象"、"数"与五行 结合起来推演变化,用以显示事物发展变化的内 在联系。由此看来,"九"是最大的阳数,象征着天。 传说 古 代中国人把天分 为九层,九层天是天的最高处,汉语中有关词汇有"九重霄"(指极高的天空, "九霄云外" ,"九天揽月","九天九地"等。另外,天坛,这个明清两代 祭天的场所,其建筑无处不体现着“九”的象 征意义。 民间传说中还有"九头 鸟"(nine-headed bird: a fabulous bird whose appearance was f ormerlyregarded as a bad omcn)的故事。 中国人以"九"为大数,刘师培在《古书疑义举例补》一书中写道:"凡数 指其极者,皆得称之为'九' ;"《素问》中说:"天地之数,始于一,终于 九。"因此,汉语中有"九九归一"或"九九归原"之说。因 从"九"为数之 极而引出人生之限,故"明九"或"暗九"均为人生之"坎",避讳有“九”之 岁。例如:“ 老太太因明年八十一岁,是个暗九。"(《红楼梦》)。日本人一般 认为"九"是"苦命和痛苦"的象征,因 为"九"与"苦"同音,因此忌讳 "九"。然而,《外语与外语教学》曾报道过国内一位学者曾为考证这一点 ,采 用"全选法"将日本某地电话号码其中的几千个姓和名分别进行统计,结果发现 将"九"作为姓的只占极 少数(约占0.35%),而将"九"作为名的却不少(约 占35%)。看来,日本人忌讳"九"也并非绝对。 此外,《词源》中说:"九:虚指多数。""九"作虚数解时,是数的一种 语义模糊现象。《现代汉语词 典》中,"九"的意思有三个:(1)数目,八加一 后所得;(2)从 冬至 起每九天是一个"九",从一"九" 数起,二"九"、三 "九",一直数到九"九"为止。冬练三九,夏练三伏;(3)表示多数或多次: 九泉,三 弯九转等。因此, 汉语中有不少和"九"有关的 成语 。如:"九牛一 毛"、"九死一生"、"九牛二虎之力" 、"九流宾客"等等。 在我国,数字"九"涉及面在所有数字中最广。含有数字"九"的词汇也十 分丰富。如,"九州"是指传 说中的我国上古行政区划,后用作"中国"的代 称。因此,有的全国性的电视节目就取名为“九州方圆”;“ 九族"(the nine degrees of kindred: either thenine generations from one's great-great-gr andfather down toone's great-great-grandson;or four generations of one'spatemal relations, three generations of one's matemalrelations, and two generations of noe's wife's relatio ns),古代有一种残酷的刑法叫"诛灭九族";古代传说 "龙生九子,各有所好"。因此,《红楼梦》第九回 中用"一龙生九种,种种各 别"来比喻贾氏家族族大人多,龙蛇混杂,好坏不一,各种各样的人都有。还有 " 九龙杯"等。此外,在文娱、体育等词汇中,数字"九"也比比皆是。如, 许多歌名都以"九"开头:"九妹 "、"九九艳阳天"、"九百九十九朵玫瑰" 等;乐器中也有"九音锣";在体育活动中,"九柱戏"(nine pins),兵器中 有"九节鞭"[但这与西方文化中的"九尾鞭”(cat-o '-nine- tails: an instrurnent of punishment so calledfrom the nine pieces of leather or cord which compose it)意义不大一样]。 地名中也有一些以"九"开头的,如"九 寨沟"、"九华山"、"九江"和"九龙"等。此外,中国人常把" 九"看成 为吉祥数字之一。在申请电话号码时,人们宁愿多出 钱去买一个尾数为"8"或 "9"的吉祥号码。比 如,湖南有线电视台的"欢乐热线"号码为"16899919"。 在西方,数字"九"也是人们心目中的"神数"之一。对西方人来说, "九"的象征意义是"神性"、 "神圣之至"。 英语权威字典Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary and Webster's ThirdIntema tional Dictionary 中 对"九"所解释的意义比《现代汉语词典》所解释的意义还多,分别有: 1)one more than eight, three threes, the square of three;2) nine units of objects (a tota l of nine) ; 3) a: thenumerable quantity symbolized by the arabic numeral 9; b: thefigure 9 ; 4) nine o'clock——compared Bell table, timeillustration; 5) the ninth size in a set series: as a; aplaying team of nine members,esp.a baseball team; b:the firstor last 9 hol es of an 18-hole golf course…。 其中收入与"九"有关词语和成语多达近二十条。常用的有: a nine-day's wonder (an object or event that creates ashort-lived sensation) ____Those political expositions…that make a nine day'snine wonder till something fresh c omes alone——Mary Deasy. nine times out of ten(very often) be dressed up to the nines(elaborately dressed, as for aformal occasion) ____She dressed herself up to the nines and went to theparty. in the nineholes:in the difficult situation nine-men's morris: morris played with nine counters A cat has nine lives: A cat can move so fast and jump sowell that he seems to escape being killed many times. 从以上的解释还可以发现一个规律:数字"九"及其倍数在西方也被广泛运 用于文娱和体育活动中。如, 保龄球(bowling )中的瓶状木柱数(ninepins) 为"九"; 高尔夫球 球场有一十八个洞:跳子棋的棋板上各 方均为九个孔; 古 时英国还有一种九个男人一起跳的舞蹈(morrisdance)等。由此看来,数字"九" 也倍 受西方人的青睐。 总之,在东西方文化中,数字"九"含有以下主要共性: 1)东西方大多数人把数字"九"看成神秘的数字, 其象征意义均有"神 圣"之意。 2)在东西方文化中,数字"九"均可虚指多数。 3)数字"九"被广泛运用于文体项目中。 数字“九”在东西方文化中的个性恐怕主要在于:对中国人来说,其神奇色 彩要比西方人更浓;其象征意 义的历史在东方文化中比西方文化中更悠久;其 涉及面在东方文化中比西方文化中更广泛。 三、数字"九"的翻译问题 罗马西塞罗说过:"翻译不是字当句对,而是保留语言的总风格和力 量。""按分量而不是按数量译词" 。此处所说的数字是指经过神化、泛化、 虚化了的"虚数","实数"的翻译不在此例。根据这一理论,结合 东西方文 化的共性与个性,可采用如下的翻译方法,并遵循以下的翻译原则。 可采取的翻译方法主要有: (一)保留原数字 e.g. We thought our cat would be killed when he fell fromthe roof of the house. He was not, he used up one of his ninelives. 我们以为我们的猫从屋顶掉下来会死了,它并没死,只失掉九条命中的一条。 这样翻译过来,人们很容易接受,因为人们已熟悉"猫有九命"这个成语, 并能够促进东西方文化的融合 。 (二)转换成各民族喜爱的数字 e.g.nine out of ten——十之八九 nine days' wonder———可翻译为"昙花一现", 这样翻译可以加深对奈 达的"对等"和纽马克的"转 换"翻译理论的理解。 (三)增舍数字 比如,"九死一生"可翻译成"a narrow escape from death;survival after many hazards";又如 ,"九九归一,还是他说的话对。"可翻译成"All things considered,what he says is right."其译文均 舍弃了数字,转译其 形象意义。 应遵循的原则主要有: (一)民族性原则 比如,汉语中的"费了九牛二虎之力",《汉英词典》(外研社,1996)的译 文有三个:"strain onese lf to the limit; use everyounce of one's strength; make herculean efforts"。笔者认为第二种译文 "use every ounce of one's strength "更符合"民族性原则”,成功地将东方文化中该成语的比喻意义转 化成了西方文化语言中的形象意义。 (二)习语性原则 比如:"匡超人此时恍若亲见瑶宫仙子,月下嫦娥,那魂灵都飘到九霄云外 去了。"(《儒林外史》), 其译文为"Kuang felt that he was gazing at a goddess and his spirit had flown to heaven."这种译 文因遵循了"习语性原则", 充分地体现了人类交际行为的一个最根本原则——语言——符号的经济原则。 (三)形象性原则 数字用于模糊意义时,一般都失去了其数量意义而具有形象意义。翻译时, 必须越出其理性意义而捕捉其 与 其它 的词结合后所产生的形象意义。 比如:"飞流直下三千尽,疑是银河落九天(李白)。"此句诗中的"九天" 的形象意义为"极高的天空 ",因此,可翻译成"Down itcascades a sheer three thousand feet—As if the Silver River [i.e. the Milky. Way]were falling from heaven!"猜你喜欢: 1. 毕业英语论文范文 2. 英美文学毕业论文优秀范文 3. 商务英语专业毕业论文范文 4. 大学英语毕业论文范文 5. 英语专业论文范文 6. 本科英语专业论文范文

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专业英语教学论文2000字范文

在日常学习和工作生活中,大家都写过论文吧,论文对于所有教育工作者,对于人类整体认识的提高有着重要的意义。相信很多朋友都对写论文感到非常苦恼吧,下面是我精心整理的专业英语教学论文2000字范文,希望对大家有所帮助。

论文题目: 高等农业院校专业英语教学的思索与探讨

摘要: 专业英语在高等院校的课程设置中占有重要的地位,尤其是农业院校的专业设置与国际先进的技术紧密接轨,本科生以及研究生对专业英语的掌握直接影响到其将来研究课题的质量。本文针对高等农业院校专业外语教学中的教材编撰、教学内容、教学方法等环节进行了讨论,针对现有的问题提出解决的方案,以期提高高校专业英语的教学质量。

关键词: 专业英语;农业;高等教育

专业英语也称为科技英语,与高等院校开设的大学英语课程有较大的区别,是各个专业结合本专业特点,向学生讲授的主要包含本专业或者相关专业英语词汇及科技论文相关内容的一门英语课程。大部分专业都会开设专业英语课程,有些还作为学生的必修课来进行,以此促进学生以国际化的视角来深入理解所学的专业知识。农业院校由于其所开设专业的特点,除常见的栽培学、植物保护学、植物营养及环境相关的英文内容外,大部分专业也都会涉及分子生物学、生物化学等领域的一些专有名词、术语及相关内容。不同院系在专业英语课程设置上也有所不同,有的设为必修课,有的设为选修课,有的设为研究生课程,由此可见,各个院系都很重视专业外语在本科生、研究生培养中的重要作用和不可或缺的地位。本文从农业院校专业英语的教学出发,对农业相关院校开设专业英语课程中所遇到的问题和亟待解决的问题进行了分析,并探讨了加以改进和完善的途径和方法,以期推动农业院校专业英语教学的专业化和国际化,达到所期望的教学目的。

一、根据专业特点编撰教材

目前,专业外语的教学尚无针对农业院校专业特点编撰的相关专业外语教材,开设专业外语的院系多采用自编的形式为教学搜集素材和教学内容。并且,随着授课老师的更换,讲授的内容也会随之发生一定的变化,根据授课老师专业的不同,教学内容也偏向某一特定领域。目前这种状况对学生学习专业词汇相当不利,对于将来的英语论文写作也没有太大的帮助。针对这一情况,不同院系应该根据本院系的专业设置组织相关人员编写适合本院系专业的英语教材,教材内容应囊括本院系所设置专业的基本英语词汇和理论知识。这样本院系学生在学习专业英语过程中不仅仅能接触到本专业的英语词汇和论文知识,对于相关专业的英语词汇也有较广泛的认知,由此扩大学生的词汇量与知识储备。编撰过程中应注意涵盖基本理论和知识的英语词汇和科技文章,可以参考相关专业中文教材中的重点教学内容来组织英文教学内容,这样学生在学习过程中可以对中、英专业知识进行对照学习,比较容易形成系统的知识体系,也可以避免学生在学习过程中对于一些专业理论知识只识中文而不知英文表达方法,或者学到专业英语词汇时却不知道对应的中文表述。当学生有了扎实的中文理论知识,再进一步学习专业英语知识时,就很容易产生兴趣,也会产生较好的教学效果。

二、增加英文文献教学内容

由于农业院校的专业特点,不可避免的会学习到本领域内一些先进的理论和技术,而教材在选择内容上偏重较为基础的知识。理论和技术的发展是日新月异的,因此无法在教材中迅速、及时的体现出来。那么在讲授过程中就应该适时的增加2~3篇最新的英文研究文献进行讲授,让学生在学习了基本的英语词汇和知识之后也能接触到本领域最先进的研究理论、成果和技术,以此调动学生学习专业英语的积极性,激发学生进一步求学或深造的愿望。这部分英文文献讲授内容可以从国际知名杂志的刊发内容中选择,而且讲授内容的可变灵活性可以让每一届学生都能接触到当年最新发表的一些相关专业的科学论文,有利于学生知识的更新。英文文献的教学内容作为专业英语教材教学内容之外的补充,能够更好地体现专业英语的重要性以及提高学生对于专业词汇的理解和应用的能力。对于某些需要发表论文的学生更加重要,在论文的撰写方面将起到尤为积极的作用。

三、提高教师的专业英文及学术水平

目前担任专业英语课程的教师普遍具有较好的英语表达和写作能力,但由于其专业的局限性,往往发生这种情况,即在讲授自己较为熟悉或与自己的研究领域较近的英语词汇及知识时得心应手,讲的也比较透彻,而在涉及自己较为陌生的英语词汇及知识时,就稍显不足,讲解也稍显欠缺,不免给学生讲授内容不均匀的感觉,使得学生在学习本课程时也受讲授老师的影响而偏向某一方面的英语学习。针对这一情况,相关院系在安排任课老师时,可根据教材内容和教师专业及英文水平安排2~3位老师任课在讲授不同内容时,由对要讲授的内容较为熟悉的教师讲授,这样就可避免对教材内容讲授不均、甚至略过某一内容的现象发生。同时,任课老师也要不断的提高自己的英语表达和写作水平,不断地阅读和学习最新的研究文献,充实自己的知识,并努力提高自己的专业学术水平,这样在课程的学习中,学生才可以通过老师学习到更新、更专业的专业英语。

四、加强与学生的英文交流

在专业英语的授课过程中,多数教师会选择多用中文进行解释讲析,或者对一些专业词汇与生僻词汇以中文加以解释,在整个过程中仍然以中文为主。英译中成了最主要的授课模式。为了使学生建立英文思维,教师可以尝试以英文解释英文,并且在与学生的交流过程中尽可能的使用英文。这样除了会取得较好的教学效果,也可激发学生的英语学习兴趣。当然,这种以英语为主的授课模式与教师和学生的英语水平有极大的关系。任课老师应该以此为目标,在不断提高自己英语水平的基础上,积极与学生以英文为主要交流语言,通过专业英语课程使得教师和学生都有所收获。学校也应适当的给教师提供进修学习的机会,以不断提高教师的水平,保证专业英语的授课质量,也为本专业的发展与国际接轨提供保障。

五、提高学生的英语交流能力

专业英语的授课对象是高校学生,包括本科生与研究生,学生的英语水平直接影响学生专业英语的学习效果。任课教师可以在课程讲授过程中鼓励学生以自己感兴趣的方向为主要内容,撰写英文的短小综述或简介,并请学生在全班或者小组间以英文进行交流讨论,或将自己的观点进行阐述。通过这样的学习方式提高学生的英语交流能力,掌握专业词汇的使用和表述方法。教师也可以根据院系条件聘请相关专业的外国专家讲授部分学时的课程,提高学生的国际交流能力,鼓励学生参加国际会议,加强与国际专家的交流与联系。只有学生有兴趣,教师有能力,学习有条件,专业英语课程才能取得高质量的教学效果,才能为培养全面发展的优秀学生提供保障。

六、使用多媒体教学

无论哪类课程,现在基本上都以多媒体教学为主。有的课程可以图文并茂的向学生展示教学内容,并配以老师的讲解,课堂氛围就会相对活泼。但是,专业英语课程有其特殊性,主要依赖文字教学,即在老师制作的幻灯中多以文字出现,同时教师的讲解也受英语语言水平的限制,多以中文加以说明。这样的内容呈现方式较为枯燥乏味,学生容易产生疲惫、厌学的消极情绪。针对这种情况,教师可以选择购买一些与专业有关的英语科教影像制品,在适当的讲解过一些专业词汇后进行播放,在播放过程中,也可对影像中出现的`生僻词汇和用法进行讲解,或对讲解中未曾涉及的新技术或理论加以解释。这样既能引发学生的学习兴趣,也可锻炼学生的英语听力,同时增加了学生的专业词汇量,也可取得更好的教学效果。当然,影像内容的选择受市场现有产品的限制,在选择范围较窄的时候,教师可以选择相关学科的影像制品作为替代,比如,分子生物学专业的英语课程可适当选择生命的起源、地球的形成或者生物进化等方面的教学内容,也可起到同样的效果。

七、与专业实验相结合

由于多数农业院校开设的专业都有其相应的实验技术,且实验教学是专业教学中不可或缺的内容。专业英语在教学过程中也可和相应的专业实验教学相结合,担任专业英语课程的教师也应该同时能够胜任实验教学,这样在一次实验课程设置中就可以完成两项教学内容,同时使学生学习实验技术和专业英语词汇,起到双重的作用。可以增加实验课程的课时量,这样学生就有充分的时间来学习、消化学习的技术和词汇,并可在学生的自己动手过程中加深印象。

八、增加课下英语交流时间

英语语言的提高只有在不断的应用过程中才能实现,专业英语也不例外。由于高校的英语考试制度,学生学习英语的热情普遍较高,但对专业英语却不太积极。针对这一点,可以在课下增加英语交流时间,不仅仅是任课老师,也可邀请其他课程英语水平较好的老师参加,针对一些学生学习过程中的问题进行讨论。这样可以使学生在与老师的交流中提高专业英语水平,也提高了学生学习普通英语的积极性,使课程与课程之间互相产生良性循环,彼此促进,取得更好的英语学习效果。并且,课下的英语交流对于教师不断提高自己的专业与英语水平也是一个促进,只有这样才能保证高水平的教学质量。

综上所述,专业英语既是一门基础课程,也是一门外语课程,其内容涉及英语与中文两种语言,也涉及专业基本理论知识,对于教师的要求较高。任课教师既要具有较高的学术水平也要具有较高的英语水平,并且要不断的充实、提高自己才能培养出全面发展、优秀合格的学生。专业英语教学过程中,要充分掌握课程特点,极力创造好的教学条件,配备雄厚的师资力量,才能取得一流的教学质量。

参考文献:

[1]杨燕.高校专业外语教学改革的思考[J].教育教学论坛,2014,(14):36-37.

[2]胡伟莲,戴德慧.生物工程专业英语课程教学改革探讨[J].教育教学论坛,2013,(41):53-54.

[3]万冬,潘杰.制药工程专业外语教学改革[J].科技创新导报,2014,(17):92-92.

[4]陈静茹,田砾,万小梅.专业外语教学内容与方法改革[J].中国冶金教育,2014,(1 ):69-70.

[5]苗艳丽.制药工程专业英语教学改革初探[J].广州化工,2014,(14):224-225.

计算机英语是学习计算机新理论和新技术的桥梁。计算机英语教材的主要目标是培养计算机及其相关专业学生使用本专业英语的能力。下面是我为大家整理的计算机英语论文,供大家参考。

计算机英语论文范文一:计算机英语教学实训设计研究

1高职高专计算机英语的特点

1.1时效性和实用性

新技术飞速发展,大量的计算机专业概念专业词汇随着新技术的发展层出不穷。如ITinformationtechnology;online;E-merce等都是随着新技术的发展产生和应用的,因此它的时效性和实用性显而易见。

1.2专业性与客观性

计算机专业文章一般重在客观地陈述事实,力求严谨和清清楚,避免主观成分和感 *** 彩,这就决定了计算机英语具有客观性。

1.3专业术语多

如:CPUCentralProcessingUnit:中央处理器;DBSMDatabaseSystem资料库管理系统OperatingSystem作业系统.

1.4缩略语经常出现

如:MBMotherBoard:主机板,LCDLiquidCrystalDisplay:液晶萤幕USBUniversalSerialBus:通行序列汇流排;

1.5合成的新词多

如:input出入;output输出;Personalputer:个人计算机;

1.6介词短语、分词短语和名词性片语和长句使用频繁

如:Someapplicationpackagesofferconsiderableputingpowerbyfocusingonasingletask,suchaswordprocessing;others,calledintegratedsoftwareoffersomewhatlesspowerbutincludeseveralapplications,suchasawordprocessor,aspreadsheet,andadatabaseprogram.有些应用程式包可就一个单项任务提供相当的计算能力,如文书处理;其它应用程式包,称为综合软体,计算能力略差但也包括了很多应用功能,如:文书处理器,电子表格和资料库程式等。

2如何开展高职高专计算机英语教学和实训

“加快现代职业教育体系建设,深化产教融合、校企合作,培养数以亿计的高素质劳动者和技术技能人才。”是发展职业教育的指导思想。高职高专IT职业英语的任务就是要培养既有一定IT专业技术技能,又有较强的外语水平的高素质人才。

2.1合理的课程安排

高职高专《计算机英语》主要针对高职院校的计算机各专业学生开设,是计算机专业学生学好计算机专业课程的一门重要工具。为软体技术,资讯管理,物联网技术,等专业方向的学生必修课。

2.2实用的高职高专计算机英语实训内容

通过计算机英语教学内容的学习,使学生掌握电脑科学相关硬体和软体以及相关计算机技术的英语表达方式,并运用到实践中。在实训时,学生应能够运用所学的计算机英语知识,根据看到的硬体装置实现口头表达,以及借助相关工具书和翻译软体,对与自己专业相关文献和应用软体,实现书面表达。了解上机时常见的提示资讯及解释,根据专业方向能看懂与本专业相关的专业资讯提示。通过本课程实训使学生扫清上机时使用英语软体的障碍,并且使学生具备阅读计算机专业英语书刊的能力,能听懂一般性专业学术报告的能力。

2.3基于专业需求的课程和实训设计

1基于专业需求的课程和实训设计设计理念计算机英语程开发遵循“劳动过程系统化”的先进教学理念,贯穿日常教学中,将理论教学中渗入实训教学环节,提出集专案确定——专案分析——专案策划——专案管理与评估为一体的系统的实训教学模式,以专案驱动来完成知识的内化。在软体技术专业可以侧重SoftwareEngineer的教学与实训设计;网路工程专业则可以加强puterNetworks的教学与实训设计;而资讯管理专业应侧重DatabaseSystem的教学与实训设计。

2基于专业需求的课程和实训设计设计思路计算机英语课程和实训设计的总体思路是:以市场为导向,基于IT行业人员工作岗位基本职责进行教学和实训设计,紧紧围绕各专业人才培养方案实施教学和实训,取舍教材内容,为专业服务。

3基于专业需求的课程和实训设计培养目标根据高职教育的指导思想和培养目标,在更新教学理念和创新教学模式的过程中,计算机英语课程和实训设计,以促进就业为导向,适应技术进步和生产方式变革以及社会公共服务的需要社会需求为出发点,以“实用为主,够用为度”为原则,突出专业特点,突出课程的实用性,适应计算机相应专业需求的,培养具有动手能力和创新意识的高技术人才。计算机英语是一门实用时很强的课程,要求教师具有较强的英语语言知识与应用能力,同时要具备对科技前沿的洞察力,更需要更新教学理念,创新教学模式,注重实训环节。

计算机英语论文范文二:计算机英语课内实践教学研究

1.课内实践教学多元化

1.1“任务驱动”教学方式

对于该课程,课内实践教学的目的是为了充分发挥教师的主导作用和学生的主体作用,因此,采用“任务驱动”的方式可以较好的激发学生的积极性。“任务驱动”指的是学生在学习过程中,在教师的帮助下,围绕一个共同的任务为中心来完成,在这个过程中,学生会通过任务的程序获得成就感,可以较大地激发他们的积极性,逐步形成一个良性回圈,从而培养学生独立思考和自主学习能力。该门课内实践教学结合任务驱动的方式,已经采用的是让学生选择自己感兴趣的某个IT领域技术方向,运用文献检索方法,自行查询英文文献并阅读翻译,在课堂上用英文对其作报告,并制作英文PPT加以展示,并新增现场提问的环节,培养学生用英文进行学术答辩的能力。通过在课堂上使用这种实践方式,已取得了较好的效果。

1.2其他多元化的任务方式

除了培养学生英文文献检索、学术报告的能力之外,应用型本科IT专业学生是未来IT行业的建设者之一,该课内实践教学还要考虑市场需求的因素。在IT行业中,企业对员工专业英语能力的需求是必要且多样化的;如测试、编码等初级职位员工只需要阅读使用者介面、操作说明等英文文献的能力;而对于技术研究等中级职位,不仅需要阅读能力还要求掌握一定的翻译技能、回复英文邮件等;在更高级别的工作如订单签订、专案谈判等事务中,则需要具备听、说、读、写、译各方面的综合能力以及跨文化交流能力。因此在今后的实践教学中,计划新增多样的任务方式,如设计一些具有很强实践性和实操性的活动,全方位训练和提高学生面向行业、企业岗位需求、在真实工作环境中的英语交际能力、应用能力和学习能力。比如训练学生英文简历的撰写,再设计情景对话,让学生分小组扮演IT公司面试官和应聘者角色,对职场招聘进行场景模拟,学习和应用计算机英语知识和口语表达能力。不仅如此,在工程实践中,软体企业开发人员常常需要编写英文版本的软体需求文件和使用者指南,因此还可以考虑与软体工程的课程老师合作,在学生进行课程设计时编写英文版本的软体需求规格说明书。

1.3灵活布置作业

作业也是实践教学的重要补充,对于作业一定要布置一些实用有意义的内容,这样学生才会主动而非被迫地去做;关于这方面教师要充分利用自己积累的学习和工作经历。比如根据笔者学生时期的应聘经验,可以告诉学生大中型IT公司的软体开发职位招聘的笔试题很重视动态记忆体方面的内容,有相当比例该方面的试题,也具有一定难度,而很多中文教材关于此方面的内容往往讲解的不够详实,而英文教材文献六的“PointersandDynamicMemory”这一节对动态记忆体的思想介绍的较清晰,通过此类方法抓住学生的心理,吸引学生主动地去学习,这样不仅训练了计算机英语,又提升了学生应聘的竞争力。此外,一定要让学生体会到利用网路资源来促进学习和交流的重要性。可以鼓励学生登陆各大著名IT外企的网站,上面会经常地提供其新技术和新产品宣传的英文视讯和动画。这类视讯短片直观而形象,学生不但学习了新技术和新词汇,同时还锻炼了听说能力,学习兴趣也会大大提高。还可以引导学生平时多关注外企网站上的招聘广告,本专业领域的产品说明书等,上面有大量描述本专业技术的计算机英语,这对培养学生的实际应用能力有很大的帮助。

2结语

该文分析了计算机英语课内实践教学对于IT应用型人才培养的必要性,并结合该研究者本身的经验体会,探讨了一些关于该课程的课内实践教学方式,通过在教学实践中使用这些方式,已取得了较好的效果。计算机英语是专业课和英语课的有机结合,具有很强的实用性。课内实践教学应合理采用多种有效的教学方法和多元化教学模式,让学生通过该课程的学习,进一步提高专业英语听、说、读、写等水平,培养综合素质,从而提高了就业竞争力,才能真正发挥该课程的作用。

关于这方面研究的最新进展和相关的论文题目可以看下品学论文网的,我的硕士小论文就是求助品学论文的老师搞定的,真的是非常效率加专业,很快就给我了,论文的修改过程也很顺利,投稿到录用来回只用了一个多月,比起同学发表的文章来说真的是超级速度了。

不知道下面这个能否合你要求。呵呵 (因字数有限制,我可发给你)英语本科毕业论文The Spirit of Revolt of Tess --Study in Tess of the D'UrbervillesThesis statement:Everyone knows that Tess’s life is a great tragedy, but she is still a courageous woman who dares to fight by all means. In order to defeat the unfortunate fate she always resists the decadent society, the traditional concept, and the hypocrisy religion.OutlineⅠ.Brief Introduction to Tess of the d'UrbervillesA. Women’s role in industrial movements during 19th century in EnglandB. A brief commentary of the novel1. the writer --Thomas hardy2. general introduction of the novelⅡ.Tess’s spirit of revolt all through her lifeA. Tess’s fight to the moribund society1. the moribund society2. Tess’s fight to the moribund societyB. Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept1. the traditional moral concept2. Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral conceptC. Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion1.the hypocritical religion in that time2. Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religionD. Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage1.Tess’s unfortunate marriage2. Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriageⅢ.Conclusion: In a word, Tess has shown a powerful woman's image to common people with her unyielding spirit of revolt. She, to the moribund society, traditional old morals, hypocritical religion, capitalist marriage system, has carried on the strongest revealing and criticism. Her kindhearted enlightenment, noble emotion, strong personality, and her resistance in imbuing all rooted in the hearts of the people forever, worth savoring.AbstractThis paper mainly focuses on the spirit of revolt of Tess. First of all, this paper begins with a brief introduction to the novel. Then, this paper makes a brief commentary of the novel. Moreover, it concentrates on :(1) Tess’s fight to the moribund society. (2) Tess’s resistance to the traditional moral concept. (3) Tess’s resistance to the hypocritical religion. (4) Tess’s resistance to the unfortunate marriage. And at last the paper reveals that Tess is actually a character with the spirit of revolt all through her life.key words:tragedy,Spirit of revolt,industrial movement,unfortunate fate内容提要本文研究的是小说主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”。首先,本文对小说的背景做了介绍。然后,对文本进行简要评论。再次,本文主要从以下四个方面对文本主人公“苔丝”的“反抗精神”进行集中讨论:(1) 苔丝对腐朽社会的抗争;(2) 苔丝对传统的道德观念的反抗;(3) 苔丝对伪善的宗教的反抗;(4) 苔丝对不幸婚姻的反抗。最后,揭示出苔丝整个人生经历中的反抗精神。关键词:悲剧,反抗精神,工业运动,不幸命运

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