电子商务外文文献

标题、作者、年份《E-commerce: the role of familiarity and trust》D Gefen - Omega, 2000 《What trust means in e-commerce customer relationships: an interdisciplinary conceptual typology》DH McKnight,2001《 Fuzzy decision support system for risk analysis in e-commerce development》EWT Ngai, 2005 《 Interactive decision aids for consumer decision making in e-commerce: the influence of perceived strategy restrictiveness》W Wang, 2009

一篇电子商务英文文献(The development of e-commerce )-A perfect marketMay 13th 2004 From The Economist print editionE-commerce is coming of age, says Paul Markillie, but not in the way predicted in the bubble years WHEN the technology bubble burst in 2000, the crazy valuations for online companies vanished with it, and many businesses The survivors plugged on as best they could, encouraged by the growing number of internet Now valuations are rising again and some of the dotcoms are making real profits, but the business world has become much more cautious about the internet’s The funny thing is that the wild predictions made at the height of the boom—namely, that vast chunks of the world economy would move into cyberspace—are, in one way or another, coming The raw numbers tell only part of the According to America’s Department of Commerce, online retail sales in the world’s biggest market last year rose by 26%, to $55 That sounds a lot of money, but it amounts to only 6% of total retail The vast majority of people still buy most things in the good old “bricks-and-mortar” But the commerce department’s figures deal with only part of the retail For instance, they exclude online travel services, one of the most successful and fastest-growing sectors of e- InterActiveCorp (IAC), the owner of and , alone sold $10 billion-worth of travel last year—and it has plenty of competition, not least from airlines, hotels and car-rental companies, all of which increasingly sell Nor do the figures take in things like financial services, ticket-sales agencies, pornography (a $2 billion business in America last year, according to Adult Video News, a trade magazine), online dating and a host of other activities, from tracing ancestors to gambling (worth perhaps $6 billion worldwide) They also leave out purchases in grey markets, such as the online pharmacies that are thought to be responsible for a good proportion of the $700m that Americans spent last year on buying cut-price prescription drugs from across the border in C Tip of the icebergAnd there is The commerce department’s figures include the fees earned by internet auction sites, but not the value of goods that are sold: an astonishing $24 billion-worth of trade was done last year on eBay, the biggest online Nor, by definition, do they include the billions of dollars-worth of goods bought and sold by businesses connecting to each other over the Some of these B2B services are proprietary; for example, Wal-Mart tells its suppliers that they must use its own system if they want to be part of its annual turnover of $250 So e-commerce is already very big, and it is going to get much But the actual value of transactions currently concluded online is dwarfed by the extraordinary influence the internet is exerting over purchases carried out in the offline That influence is becoming an integral part of e- To start with, the internet is profoundly changing consumer One in five customers walking into a Sears department store in America to buy an electrical appliance will have researched their purchase online—and most will know down to a dime what they intend to More surprisingly, three out of four Americans start shopping for new cars online, even though most end up buying them from traditional The difference is that these customers come to the showroom armed with information about the car and the best available Sometimes they even have computer print-outs identifying the particular vehicle from the dealer’s stock that they want to Half of the 60m consumers in Europe who have an internet connection bought products offline after having investigated prices and details online, according to a study by Forrester, a research consultancy (see chart 1) Different countries have different In Italy and Spain, for instance, people are twice as likely to buy offline as online after researching on the But in Britain and Germany, the two most developed internet markets, the numbers are evenly Forrester says that people begin to shop online for simple, predictable products, such as DVDs, and then graduate to more complex Used-car sales are now one of the biggest online growth areas in APeople seem to enjoy shopping on the internet, if high customer-satisfaction scores are any Websites are doing ever more and cleverer things to serve and entertain their customers, and seem set to take a much bigger share of people’s overall spending in the Why websites matterThis has enormous implications for A company that neglects its website may be committing commercial A website is increasingly becoming the gateway to a company’s brand, products and services—even if the firm does not sell A useless website suggests a useless company, and a rival is only a mouse-click But even the coolest website will be lost in cyberspace if people cannot find it, so companies have to ensure that they appear high up in internet search For many users, a search site is now their point of entry to the The best-known search engine has already entered the lexicon: people say they have “Googled” a company, a product or their The search business has also developed one of the most effective forms of advertising on the And it is already the best way to reach some consumers: teenagers and young men spend more time online than watching All this means that search is turning into the internet’s next big battleground as Google defends itself against challenges from Yahoo! and MThe other way to get noticed online is to offer goods and services through one of the big sites that already get a lot of Ebay, Yahoo! and Amazon are becoming huge trading platforms for other But to take part, a company’s products have to stand up to intense price People check online prices, compare them with those in their local high street and may well take a peek at what customers in other countries are Even if websites are prevented from shipping their goods abroad, there are plenty of web-based entrepreneurs ready to What is going on here is arbitrage between different sales channels, says Mohanbir Sawhney, professor of technology at the Kellogg School of Management in C For instance, someone might use the internet to research digital cameras, but visit a photographic shop for a hands-on “I’ll think about it,” they will tell the sales Back home, they will use a search engine to find the lowest price and buy In this way, consumers are “deconstructing the purchasing process”, says Professor S They are unbundling product information from the transaction All about meIt is not only price transparency that makes internet consumers so powerful; it is also the way the net makes it easy for them to be If they do not like a website, they swiftly move “The web is the most selfish environment in the world,” says Daniel Rosensweig, chief operating officer of Yahoo! “People want to use the internet whenever they want, how they want and for whatever they ”Yahoo! is not alone in defining its strategy as working out what its customers (260m unique users every month) are looking for, and then trying to give it to The first thing they want is to become better informed about products and “We operate our business on that belief,” says Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s chief Amazon became famous for books, but long ago branched out into selling lots of other things too; among its latest ventures are health products, jewellery and gourmet Apart from cheap and bulky items such as garden rakes, Mr Bezos thinks he can sell most And so do the millions of people who use eBAnd yet nobody thinks real shops are finished, especially those operating in niche Many bricks-and-mortar bookshops still make a good living, as do flea But many record shops and travel agents could be in for a tougher Erik Blachford, the head of IAC’s travel side and boss of Expedia, the biggest internet travel agent, thinks online travel bookings in America could quickly move from 20% of the market to more than Mr Bezos reckons online retailers might capture 10-15% of retail sales over the next That would represent a massive shift in How will traditional shops respond? Michael Dell, the founder of Dell, which leads the personal-computer market by selling direct to the customer, has long thought many shops will turn into There are already signs of change on the high The latest Apple and Sony stores are designed to display products, in the full expectation that many people will buy To some extent, the online and offline worlds may Multi-channel selling could involve a combination of traditional shops, a printed catalogue, a home-shopping channel on TV, a phone-in order service and an e-commerce-enabled But often it is likely to be the website where customers will be encouraged to place their One of the biggest commercial advantages of the internet is a lowering of transaction costs, which usually translates directly into lower prices for the So, if the lowest prices can be found on the internet and people like the service they get, why would they buy anywhere else? One reason may be convenience; another, concern about fraud, which poses the biggest threat to online But as long as the internet continues to deliver price and product information quickly, cheaply and securely, e-commerce will continue to Increasingly, companies will have to assume that customers will know exactly where to look for the best This market has the potential to become as perfect as it [1]Singh M P， An Evolutionary Look at E-Commerce， IEEE Internet Computing，5，P77～78[2]Rabinovitch E, The state of E-commerce, IEEE Communications magazine,3,P12～12[3]Amit R, Zott C Value creation in e- Strategic Management Journal 2001;22:493–520