麦克白论文的文献综述

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第一，可以体现作者的总体思路。提纲是由序码和文字组成的一种逻辑图表，是帮助作者考虑文章全篇逻辑构成的写作设计图。其优点在于，使作者易于掌握论文结构的全局，层次清楚，重点明确，简明扼要，一目了然。[2]第二，有利于论文前后呼应。有一个提纲，可以帮助我们树立全局观念，从整体出发，在检验每一个部分所占的地位、所起的作用，相互间是否有逻辑联系，每部分所占的篇幅与其在全局中的地位和作用是否相称，各个部分之间的比例是否恰当和谐，每一字、每一句、每一段、每一部分是否都为全局所需要，是否都丝丝入扣、相互配合，成为整体的有机组成部分，都能为展开论题服务。经过这样的考虑和编写，论文的结构才能统一而完整，很好地为表达论文的内容服务。第三，有利于及时调整，避免大返工。在毕业论文的研究和写作过程中，作者的思维活动是非常活跃的，一些不起眼的材料，从表面看来不相关的材料，经过熟悉和深思，常常会产生新的联想或新的观点，如果不认真编写提纲，动起笔来就会被这种现象所干扰，不得不停下笔来重新思考，甚至推翻已写的从头来过;这样，不仅增加了工作量，也会极大地影响写作情绪。毕业论文提纲犹如工程的蓝图，只要动笔前把提纲考虑得周到严谨，多花点时间和力气，搞得扎实一些，就能形成一个层次清楚、逻辑严密的论文框架，从而避免许多不必要的返工。另外，初写论文的学生，如果把自己的思路先写成提纲，再去请教他人，人家一看能懂，较易提出一些修改补充的意见，便于自己得到有效的指导。9相关范例编辑在毕业论文的写作过程中，指导教师一般都要求学生编写提纲。从写作程序上讲，它是作者动笔行文前的必要准备;从提纲本身来讲，它是作者构思谋篇的具体体现。所谓构思谋篇，就是组织设计毕业论文的篇章结构。因为毕业论文的写作不像写一首短诗、一篇散文、一段札记那样随感而发，信手拈来，用一则材料、几段短语就表达一种思想、一种感情;而是要用大量的资料，较多的层次，严密的推理来展开论述，从各个方面来阐述理由、论证自己的观点。因此，构思谋篇就显得非常重要，于是必须编制写作提纲，以便有条理地安排材料、展开论证。有了一个好的提纲，就能纲举目张，提纲挚领，掌握全篇论文的基本骨架，使论文的结构完整统一;就能分清层次，明确重点，周密地谋篇布局，使总论点和分论点有机地统一起来;也就能够按照各部分的要求安排、组织、利用资料，决定取舍，最大限度地发挥资料的作用。有些学生不大愿意写提纲，喜欢直接写初稿。如果不是在头脑中已把全文的提纲想好，如果心中对于全文的论点、论据和论证步骤还是混乱的，那么编写一个提纲是十分必要的，是大有好处的，其好处至少有如下三个方面：第一，可以体现作者的总体思路。提纲是由序码和文字组成的一种逻辑图表，是帮助作者考虑文章全篇逻辑构成的写作设计图。其优点在于，使作者易于掌握论文结构的全局，层次清楚，重点明确，简明扼要，一目了然。第二，有利于论文前后呼应。有一个提纲，可以帮助我们树立全局观念，从整体出发，在检验每一个部分所占的地位、所起的作用，相互间是否有逻辑联系，每部分所占的篇幅与其在全局中的地位和作用是否相称，各个部分之间的比例是否恰当和谐，每一字、每一句、每一段、每一部分是否都为全局所需要，是否都丝丝入扣、相互配合，成为整体的有机组成部分，都能为展开论题服务。经过这样的考虑和编写，论文的结构才能统一而完整，很好地为表达论文的内容服务。第三，有利于及时调整，避免大返工。在毕业论文的研究和写作过程中，作者的思维活动是非常活跃的，一些不起眼的材料，从表面看来不相关的材料，经过熟悉和深思，常常会产生新的联想或新的观点，如果不认真编写提纲，动起笔来就会被这种现象所干扰，不得不停下笔来重新思考，甚至推翻已写的从头来过;这样，不仅增加了工作量，也会极大地影响写作情绪。毕业论文提纲犹如工程的蓝图，只要动笔前把提纲考虑得周到严谨，多花点时间和力气，搞得扎实一些，就能形成一个层次清楚、逻辑严密的论文框架，从而避免许多不必要的返工。另外，初写论文的学生，如果把自己的思路先写成提纲，再去请教他人，人家一看能懂，较易提出一些修改补充的意见，便于自己得到有效的指导。简单提纲举例以《关于培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的思考》为例，简单提纲可以写成下面这样：一、序论二、本论(一)培育建筑劳动力市场的前提条件(二)目前建筑劳动力市场的基本现状(三)培育和完善建筑劳动力市场的对策三、结论

第问题：第幕第场：始三巫美即丑恶丑即美表明恶善都同存第二场：军曹叙述叛徒奸恶麦克白英勇再美丑相连表明美丑随调换邓肯说：所失尊贵麦克白所指打败叛徒考特爵士所失表面意思指爵位连接幕四场马尔康：坦白供认叛逆请求您宽恕罪恶并且表示深切悔恨考特已经悔改所失除爵位贪欲野杀些应邓肯前所说麦克白灵魂部第三场：麦克白说：我没见阴郁光明麦克白说第句两立形容词再同现随班柯说：应胡须却使我敢相信 立三巫消失麦克白说：消失空气像形体东西却像呼吸融化风处隐喻安格斯通报麦克白获爵位班柯说：魔鬼居说真 魔鬼西文狡诈总说半真半假用半真迷惑用半假引诱所表现语真真假假两面性说语处恶些文提自班柯第三场：魔鬼要陷害我起见往往故意向我说真事情取我信任重要关我便堕入圈套第四场：考特死前突变视死归坦白供认请求宽恕深切悔恨坏响应美丑说第五场：麦克白夫说：用凶恶残忍自顶至踵贯注我全身些杀助手形躯体散满空间处找寻非作恶机都魔鬼已经处证据比喻第六场班柯说：檐梁间、墙屋角鸟安置吊床摇篮本说美丽东西美丑说隐喻所险恶第二幕第三场：门房说：定讲起暧昧含糊家伙同站两面再提比班柯知王杀说句：论都太惨面应麦克白夫句：我房另面影射恶所道纳本说：笑脸都暗藏着利刃暗指麦克白夫善恶两面第幕7场麦克白说：奸诈必须罩虚伪笑脸第四场：洛斯说：难道黑夜已经统治切面却边黑暗所笼罩再体现恶处些第问题处楼主要都连接起第二问题：（容易）文章第幕第场巫丙说：共同见麦克白麦克白没场没见巫代表魔鬼巫已经找问愧魔鬼即使找拿奈何说麦克白已经追寻更权力贪欲已经蠢蠢欲才引巫找麦克白听三巫给预言显十惊讶班柯说：军您吃惊班柯却些预言玩笑屑顾麦克白巫发问证明些真吃惊些真像文所说麦克白野早已经胸发芽等着给浇灌魅惑语发现自思三东西语道破惊慌已巫消失麦克白说：我倒希望再留麦克白班柯发现部预言真班柯说：魔鬼说真麦克白则完全相信三巫文提请楼主自节选实太班柯说魔鬼诡计麦克白完全没听进幻想未甚至没注意等意旨两第四场邓肯说：世没种脸探察居；我所曾经绝信任本说给考特接着考特失切麦克白都继承现麦克白邓肯信任能脸探查居暗示麦克白杀第四场面麦克白发现马尔康肯勃兰亲王马尔康起杀虽嘴说敢手害怕光明点点良谴责已经抑制煽起蕴藏已久欲望第五场麦克白给夫信给些魔鬼使徒些巫高评价证明已经同流合污才赏识麦克白妻像亚妻夏娃更容易魔鬼用美丽高贵实诱惑麦克白没完全丧失良候妻已经魔鬼棋第五场第自段结尾处句：让我用舌尖勇气麦克白夫说点圣经处雅各书3：6写着：舌火、我百体、舌罪恶世界、能污秽全身、能命轮点起．并且狱点着麦克白夫要用罪恶毒蛇舌引诱麦克白面麦克白夫说类似楼主文章要写按解释麦克白第七场说：要干完快点干句名句整自段【麦克白】名段面毒药投入酒杯结自饮酖死影射哈姆雷特叔父死暗指麦克白场段句：没种力量鞭策我实现自意图我跃跃欲试野却顾切驱着我冒颠踬危险体现麦克白虽欲望高却仅点点良拉住没完全疯狂面我给些节选麦克白其夫看麦克白转变麦克白：我要进行件事情吧（麦克白本身想手）麦克白夫：难道自沉浸面种希望醉妄想让我敢永远跟随我想要面（麦克白夫用激激麦克白）麦克白：要男汉做事我都敢做；没比我更胆量（麦克白激虽没杀决已经放所谓尊严肯承认自懦夫）麦克白夫：候论间点都曾给手便却居决意要实现愿望；现机失勇气（理性析告诉麦克白手机）我看着我脸微笑候柔软嫩嘴摘我乳脑袋砸碎（麦克白夫再要激怒丈夫说自比丈夫勇气）麦克白：假我失败——（犹豫已经摇再顽抗）麦克白夫：我失败要集全副勇气我决失败（面给些理性思维激缓麦克白说服）麦克白：要我睡寝室两身涂抹些血迹且用刀家相信真干事（已经蠢蠢欲始主意）麦克白夫：等死讯传我假意装号啕痛哭谁敢相信（看丈夫终于钩高兴迎合丈夫）麦克白：我决已定（完全摇且放决）第二幕第场麦克白说：柄着我手刀...杀恶念使我看见种异象麦克白已经堕落表示魔鬼越越启示第二场麦克白听许幻想虽已经杀害怕良谴责段许例都麦克白听幻声楼主请自摘录麦克白说许谎让马尔康麦克德夫背弑父弑君罪名却没像先前犹豫没担惊受怕旁白说明麦克白已经再畏惧已经完全堕落第三幕场间麦克白旁白说明堕落：单单做步算总要现状确定巩固起才仅杀王邓肯想斩草除根连能威胁自班柯都要起杀掉且并犹豫答完自写花四请楼主采纳

P.S. 如果你要的是『历来都有哪些人在什么时候，什么书中或文章中，论及麦克白夫人，其基本观点是怎样的』的话，我可以劝你马上死心，因为本人念莎剧都念了快有一年了，关于 Macbeth 夫妇的论文写了不少，还不曾看见过网上有你要的这种资料，你不如去买附有 Related readings 的原著剧本吧，可能会有戏剧专家写的东西，不过我不知道大陆有没有在卖，因为我的那本是在澳洲买的。这个我干过，是英文的，给你参考：Lady Macbeth fulfills her role among the nobility and is well respected like Macbeth. King Duncan calls her "our honored hostess." She is loving to her husband but at the same time very ambitious, as shown by her immediate determination for Macbeth to be king. This outcome will benefit her and her husband equally. She immediately concludes that "the fastest way" for Macbeth to become king is by murdering King Duncan. Lady Macbeth's immediate thoughts may make her appear as thoroughly irreligiously cold and ambitious, but this is not so. To prepare for what she feels must be done she calls on evil spirits to "stop up th' access and passage to remorse" in order to be relentless. Otherwise her conscience would not allow her to act.Furthermore, Lady Macbeth knows her husband well. She thinks he may be too kind in order to murder King Duncan. This is why she represses her conscience so she can later usher Macbeth into commiting the deed. At first Macbeth agrees. But later Macbeth wavers in his decision. But Lady Macbeth is sure that being king is what Macbeth really wants and that this is the best for both of them. So, in response to Macbeth's uncertainty, Lady Macbeth manipulates him by questioning his manhood and his love for her. She is successful because regardless of his own conscience Macbeth carries out their plan of murder.The almost superhuman strength Lady Macbeth rallies for the occasion and her artful and sly ability are shown through her meticulous attention to detail regarding the murder. When Macbeth returns to their chamber she goes back to the murder scene and cleverly smears the grooms with Duncan's blood. However, her morals had prevailed just a while before as revealed through her comment that she would have killed Duncan herself had he not "resembled [her] father as he slept."Perhaps Lady Macbeth felt that suppressing her conscience for the deed was enough and that later the thought of the deed would just dissipate. The outcome is not this way, though, because Macbeth and Lady Macbeth often cannot go to sleep, and if they do, they experience terrifying dreams. But still, Lady Macbeth is able to maintain her sanity and composure during the day, even more than her husband. She urges him to be light hearted and merry. Once she practically rescues Macbeth from the frailty of his own conscience. When Macbeth sees Banquo's ghost she creates an excuse to explain his odd behavior. She attempts to chasten Macbeth by again questioning his manhood. When the situation grows worse though, she takes charge once more and promptly dismisses the lords from the feast.Later, though, the burden of Lady Macbeth's conscience becomes too great for her and her mental and physical condition deteriorates. A gentlewoman observes her sleepwalking and consults a doctor. The doctor and the lady observe Lady Macbeth sleepwalking, madly trying to cleanse her hands of the blood of Duncan and Macduff's family. Still in her sleep, Lady Macbeth asks, "what, will these hands ne're be clean?" foreseeing that she will never have peace of mind. She also retells events of the day Duncan was murdered. The doctor tells the gentlewoman that what Lady Macbeth needs is spiritual and not physical help.Lady Macbeth's condition worsens, and she goes in and out of sleep with delirious visions. Macbeth asks the doctor to cure her or give her a drug that will erase the troubles of the heart. The doctor responds that he cures physical not moral problems. Later, as the battle ensues outside of Dunsinane, by unspecified means Lady Macbeth commits suicide.At the beginning Lady Macbeth finds strength to entice Macbeth to murder Duncan and to follow through with the murder herself. As time advances though, her pretended strength diminishes as she fights the torments of her conscience. Tending to her conscience engulfs and destabilizes her so that she can not support Macbeth against Malcolm. Lady Macbeth's attempts to suppress her conscience fail. At the end she chooses death because she can no longer bear the torments of her guilt.