高分子材料应用论文外文文献

开题报告主要包括：一、拟选论文题目：二、文献综述与选题报告要求：1. 引用外文文献不少于10篇，写出文献综述与选题书面报告，字数在3000字以上。2. 书面报告内容应包括：选题背景和意义，国内外研究动态，本论文的主要研究工作和基本框架，主要参考文献，预期成果和可能的创新点等；3. 填好“论文选题报告及论文工作计划”表，连同书面报告一起交研究生院备案；4. 书面报告的格式见附件。三、导师对选题报告的评语（就研究生对该研究领域国内外研究现状的了解情况、研究方法和手段、预期成果予以评价）：四、评审小组对选题的意见（是否同意选定该课题、是否同意选题报告通过、以及对下一阶段研究工作的建议；其他建议，如限期重作选题报告、终止培养建议等）：五、论 文 工 作 计 划六、附件（一下为附件内容）拟选论文题目一、选题背景和意义二、国内外研究动态三、论文主要研究和基本框架四、预期成果和可能的创新点五、主要参考文献

Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications including packaging and labeling, textiles (e.g., ropes, thermal underwear and carpets), stationery, plastic parts and reusable containers of various types, laboratory equipment, loudspeakers, automotive components, and polymer banknotes. An addition polymer made from the monomer propylene, it is rugged and unusually resistant to many chemical solvents, bases and acids.In 2008, the global market for polypropylene had a volume of 45.1 million tonnes, which led to a turnover of about $65 billion (~ €47.4 billion).[1]聚丙烯（Polypropylene，简称PP）是一种半结晶的热塑性塑料。具有较高的耐冲击性，机械性质强韧，抗多种有机溶剂和酸碱腐蚀。在工业界有广泛的应用，是平常常见的高分子材料之一。澳大利亚的钱币也使用聚丙烯制作。Most commercial polypropylene is isotactic and has an intermediate level of crystallinity between that of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Polypropylene is normally tough and flexible, especially when copolymerized with ethylene. This allows polypropylene to be used as an engineering plastic, competing with materials such as ABS. Polypropylene is reasonably economical, and can be made translucent when uncolored but is not as readily made transparent as polystyrene, acrylic, or certain other plastics. It is often opaque or colored using pigments. Polypropylene has good resistance to fatigue.The melting of polypropylene occurs as a range, so a melting point is determined by finding the highest temperature of a differential scanning calorimetry chart. Perfectly isotactic PP has a melting point of 171 °C (340 °F). Commercial isotactic PP has a melting point that ranges from 160 to 166 °C (320 to 331 °F), depending on atactic material and crystallinity. Syndiotactic PP with a crystallinity of 30% has a melting point of 130 °C (266 °F).[2]The melt flow rate (MFR) or melt flow index (MFI) is a measure of molecular weight of polypropylene. The measure helps to determine how easily the molten raw material will flow during processing. Polypropylene with higher MFR will fill the plastic mold more easily during the injection or blow-molding production process. As the melt flow increases, however, some physical properties, like impact strength, will decrease.There are three general types of polypropylene: homopolymer, random copolymer, and block copolymer. The comonomer is typically used with ethylene. Ethylene-propylene rubber or EPDM added to polypropylene homopolymer increases its low temperature impact strength. Randomly polymerized ethylene monomer added to polypropylene homopolymer decreases the polymer crystallinity and makes the polymer more transparent.[edit]DegradationPolypropylene is liable to chain degradation from exposure to heat and UV radiation such as that present in sunlight. Oxidation usually occurs at the tertiary carbon atom present in every repeat unit. A free radical is formed here, and then reacts further with oxygen, followed by chain scission to yield aldehydes and carboxylic acids. In external applications, it shows up as a network of fine cracks and crazes that become deeper and more severe with time of exposure.For external applications, UV-absorbing additives must be used. Carbon black also provides some protection from UV attack. The polymer can also be oxidized at high temperatures, a common problem during molding operations. Anti-oxidants are normally added to prevent polymer degradation.[edit]HistoryPropylene was first polymerized to a crystalline isotactic polymer by Giulio Natta as well as by the German chemist Karl Rehn in March 1954.[3] This pioneering discovery led to large-scale commercial production of isotactic polypropylene by the Italian firm Montecatini from 1957 onwards.[4] Syndiotactic polypropylene was also first synthesized by Italian Nobel Prize w

[PDF] Polymer Information on STN文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobathttp://www.cas.org/ONLINE/QRGUIDES/patent.pdf. POLYLINK command. STNote 30: Enhanced Polymer Searching in REGISTRY at:. http://www.cas.org/ONLINE/STN/STNOTES/stnotes30.pdf. or enter HELP POLYLINK at an arrow prompt. Polymer Class Terms ...www.cas.org/ONLINE/QRGUIDES/polymer.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Polymer Class Terms in the Registry File文件格式: PDF/Adobe AcrobatType of Polymer Retrieved. Amino Resin. AR. Condensation polymers of amines with aldehydes (mainly formaldehyde). IN Formaldehyde, polymer with 1 ... IN 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, polymer with [1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3',4,4'-tetramine ...www.cas.org/ONLINE/UG/polymerclass.pdf - 类似网页[ 站内的其它相关信息 ] www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/mrwhome/104554... - [ 翻译此页 BETA ]类似网页 Polymer Specific User Guides - Thomson Scientific - [ 翻译此页 BETA ]The System Description details the structure of the Polymer Indexing System including autoposting and linking. Examples of creating searches using linking are provided and there are worked examples for all hosts. Download a PDF copy ...scientific.thomson.com/ ts/support/userguides/polymerguides - 27k - 网页快照 - 类似网页 [PDF] POLYMERS文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版The first synthetic polymer, a phenol-formaldehyde polymer, was introduced under the name “Bakelite”, by Leo ... Bakelite, a phenol-formaldehyde polymer, was the first completely synthetic plastic, first made by Leo Baekeland in ...www.chymist.com/Polymers.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Hiromi Yamakawa Modern Theory of Polymer Solutions文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版Modern Theory of Polymer Solutions. Copyright c 1971 by Hiromi Yamakawa. Printed in the United States of America. All rights reserved. No part of this book ... is represented by the lattice theory of polymer solutions, which was de- ...www.molsci.polym.kyoto-u.ac.jp/archives/redbook.pdf - 类似网页 中国科技在线---科技成果首页2745-2758 Sensing the glass transition in thin and ultrathin polymer films via fluorescence probes and labels Christopher J. Ellison, John M. Torkelson Abstract PDF Full Text (Size: 210K) HTML Full Text Published Online: 29 Oct 2002 ...www.chinatech.com.cn/aspx/magazine/intro.aspx?id=10646 - 28k - 网页快照 - 类似网页 中国科技在线---科技成果首页Abstract PDF Full Text (Size: 105K) HTML Full Text Published Online: 19 Nov 2002 DOI 10.1002/app.11402 671-675 Relationship between thickness of polymer films and their oxidation on copper substrate DG Lin, EV Vorobieva ...www.chinatech.com.cn/aspx/magazine/intro.aspx?id=10629 - 32k - 网页快照 - 类似网页 [PDF] Fiber and Polymer Science文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版The fiber and polymer science major is concerned. with the physical, chemical, and structural properties. of fibers and polymers and how these ... and polymer performance and end-use. The Program. All students in this major take a com- ...registrar.ucdavis.edu/UCDWebCatalog/PDF/FPS.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] PL2-1 Phys. Props of Polymers文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版strips or beads. Plastic products contain additives, fillers, plasticizers. (agents making the polymer more flexible), stabilizers, and lubricants that. may alter the properties. Students should select the plastic that their ...www.sepup.com/docs1/Modules/ PL2-1_Phys_Props_Polymers.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Forces on a colloidal particle in a polymer solution: a study ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版Physics Department and Polymer Interfaces Center, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18105,. USA. Received 15 July 1996. Abstract. ... where µ is the shear modulus and κ the bulk modulus of the polymer solution. The above ...people.deas.harvard.edu/~mvalenti/ot_paper.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Single-Polymer Dynamics in Steady Shear Flow文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版tion of shear rate, ˙, for two different polymer relaxation times, . In contrast. to the behavior in pure elongational flow, ... flow, as viewed in the polymer’s center-of-mass frame. A velocity gradient perpendicular to the ...physics.ucsd.edu/~des/Shear1999.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Elastic inertial instability in a polymer solution flow文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版a polymer solution is studied experimentally. To achieve this goal, solution elasticity is varied. by three orders of magnitude and a diagram of ... Elastic phenomena in flows of polymer solutions have lately been attracting increasing ...physics.ucsd.edu/~groisman/papers/OurEpl.pdf - 类似网页 MIT OpenCourseWare | Materials Science and Engineering | 3.064 ...MIT OpenCourseWare » Materials Science and Engineering » Polymer Engineering, Fall 2003 ... Problem 6.2 (PDF) Problem 6.5 (PDF) Problem 6.8 (PDF) Problem 7.1 (PDF) Problem 7.5 (PDF) Problem 7.6 (PDF) Problem 7.15 (PDF) ...www.core.org.cn/.../Materials-Science-and-Engineering/ 3-064Polymer-EngineeringFall2003/Assignments/index.htm - 26k - 网页快照 - 类似网页 MIT OpenCourseWare | Materials Science and Engineering | 3.064 ...MIT OpenCourseWare » Materials Science and Engineering » Polymer Engineering, Fall 2003 ... 34, Elements of Design (PDF). 35, Materials Selection (PDF). 36, Design for Manufacturing, Stiffness, and Strength ...www.core.org.cn/.../ 3-064Polymer-EngineeringFall2003/LectureNotes/index.htm - 29k - 网页快照 - 类似网页[ 站内的其它相关信息 ] [PDF] Polymer Processors文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版The architecture of polymer processors is based. on a recent theoretical model of analog. computation called the extended analog ... The polymer field-effect transistor was. developed by Garnier. 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Shear Rate ...ocw.mit.edu/.../2-008Spring2004/ 21AB74F9-D450-4189-B3B2-C3EB1F674D2C/0/06polymer_3_6.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] MATLAB Files for 1D polymer flow problem File: polymer_flow_1D.m文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版This program calculates the velocity profile of a shear-thinning polymer fluid in pressure-driven ... polymer fluid in pressure-driven laminar flow between two. % infinite, parallel plates separated by a distance B, the top ...ocw.mit.edu/.../ A0255E6A-3E72-436E-A238-5A8DE405BF3E/0/lec31.pdf - 类似网页[ ocw.mit.edu站内的其它相关信息 ] [PDF] Scalable Synthesis of a New Class of Polymer Microrods by a Liquid ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobatable process for the formation of a new class of polymer mi-. crorods with large aspect ratio that can be as ... The polymer microrod synthesis is based on a new liquid±. liquid dispersion technique, presented schematically in Fig- ...dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.200400112 - 类似网页 [PDF] Effects of polymer polydispersity on the phase behaviour of ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobatto be such that phase diagrams become nearly independent of polymer polydispersity and can. therefore be inferred from the corresponding ... behaviour in a manner that depends only weakly on the polymer polydispersity. In assessing ...dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/17/6/002 - 类似网页[ dx.doi.org站内的其它相关信息 ] [PDF] Classes of small-world networks文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215. Communicated by Herman Z. Cummins, City College of ... polymer chain seems to be well described (29) by the small-world. networks of ref. 2. Fig. ...amaral.northwestern.edu/Publications/ Papers/Amaral-2000-Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.-97-11149.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Collapse of a semiflexible polymer in poor solvent文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版We investigate the dynamics and pathways of the collapse of a single, semiflexible polymer in a poor solvent. via three-dimensional Brownian Dynamics simulations. An example of this phenomenon is DNA condensation ...www.ruf.rice.edu/~mp/articles/ Montesi-Pasquali-MacKintosh-DNA-Condensation-PRE2004.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Control of Energy Transfer in Oriented Conjugated Polymer ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版pores to isolated, aligned polymer chains within the pores. Energy migration. along the conjugated polymer backbone occurred more slowly than Förster. energy transfer between polymer chains. The different intrachain and interchain ...www.chem.ucla.edu/dept/Faculty/ schwartz/schwartz_pubs/Science_288_652_2000.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Floating Liquid Phase in Sedimenting Colloid-Polymer Mixtures文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版colloid-polymer mixtures within the Asakura-Oosawa-Vrij model of hard sphere colloids and ideal. polymers.When the ratio of buoyant masses of the two species is comparable to the ratio of differences. in density of the coexisting bulk ...www1.phys.uu.nl/scm/articles/ 2004/Schmidt_PhysRevLett_2004.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] 8: A Classification of Linear Single-Strand Polymers (1988)文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版The polymer literature lacks, at present, a widely applicable, internally consistent, and easily. recognizable system for classifying ... Thus I is a. homochain polymer, whereas II is a heterochain Dolymer. - 18 May 2001 ...www.iupac.org/publications/ books/pbook/PurpleBook-C8.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] PEEK Polymer (Polyetheretherketone)文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobatpolymer for your application, Entegris’. material experts and engineers are available to. help you match the best material to your ... Polymer. Resin research and testing are conducted in. Entegris’ Materials Test Laboratory. Resins are ...www.entegris.com/pdf/lit/lifesciences/0300-0058.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] POLYMER THIN FILMS UNDER SUPERCRITICAL CO文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版coefficient and the glass transition in thin polymer films. The performance of the many applications of thin films ... polymer thin films on a nanometer scale. To achieve this under. in situ conditions, we have developed a temperature ...www.ncnr.nist.gov/AnnualReport/FY2000/rh17.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Bulk and surface characterization of a dewetting thin film polymer ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版thickness of each constituent polymer species and the total thickness of the film with STXM, while ... vature of the polymer/polymer interface. We present here the. combination of near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure ...www.physics.ncsu.edu/stxm/pubs/APL98-RP.PDF - 类似网页 [PDF] Phase segregation in polymer thin films: Elucidations by -ray and ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版binary polymer blends the spinodal decomposition and coarsening process can be more complex. in thin films where various boundary conditions are ... mass thickness maps of each constituent polymer, and compared the summed maps (total ...www.physics.ncsu.edu/stxm/pubs/EPL99-RP.PDF - 类似网页 [PDF] Model colloid–polymer mixtures in porous matrices: density ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版is a model colloid–polymer mixture in contact with a porous matrix. As in the AO model. the colloid particles are described by HS and globular non-adsorbing polymer coils as ideal. effective spheres with a hard core cross interaction of ...comp-phys.univie.ac.at/pdf/jpcm14-12099-02.pdf - 类似网页 无主题 - [ 翻译此页 BETA ]Because there exists an enormous difference between these two structural components, polymer PDF profiles manifest a ... Existing polymer PDF studies have, on the whole, only touched upon a few of the possible host systems which could ...romano.physics.wisc.edu/winokur/msu_97/msu_97.html - 45k - 网页快照 - 类似网页 [PDF] Polymer Vesicles文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版with RJ Farris at the University of Massachusetts,. who knows an awfullot about rubber. REVIEW. Polymer Vesicles ... tions of polymer vesicles will rely on exploiting unique property-perfor-. mance relations, but results to date already ...www.seas.upenn.edu/~discher/Science_Review.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Constitutive modeling of nanotube–reinforced polymer composites文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版polymer/nanotube interface is highly dependent on the local molecular structure and bonding. ... lattice structures of the nanotube and polymer chains cannot be considered continuous, and the bulk mechanical properties can no ...bimat.princeton.edu/assets/pdf/usra_03_63odegard.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Switchable Fresnel lens using polymer-stabilized liquid crystals文件格式: PDF/Adobe AcrobatThe prepared polymer-stabilized LC sample is highly transparent in the voltage-off state. Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram illustrating ... polymer-stabilized LC Fresnel zone plate. In the low voltage regime, the LC molecules in the ...lcd.creol.ucf.edu/publication/ 2003/OptEx11_3080_2003.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Micromechanical Modeling of Piezoelectric Polymer Composites文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版PVDF is a orthotropic, semi-crystalline polymer which exhibits a piezoelectric effect ... In this study, the PVDF polymer was reinforced with infinitely-long graphite fibers and. spherical SiC particles. 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The reason is that it is concerned with. the many-body problem which cannot be solved exactly. ... ation) equations for the averages of normal coordinates for a ring polymer. If the ...arjournals.annualreviews.org/ doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.pc.25.100174.001143 - 类似网页 『An Introduction to Polymer Physics』by David I. Bower，pdf ...书名】An Introduction to Polymer Physics 【作者】David I. Bower 【出版】Cambridge University Press 【格式】PDF格式，465pages 【语言】English 【简介】全面阐述高分子 物理的研究方法、过程。重点描述聚合物结构、特征的研究方法。 附件1: CUP,. ...www.e2002.com/forum/simple/index.php?t75893.html - 6k - 网页快照 - 类似网页 [PDF] Understanding morphology evolution and roughening in phase ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobatmer blending has been of long-standing interest to the polymer industry. Underlying the. commercialization of polymer blends has been several ... polymer blends undergoing simultaneous phase separation and wetting can be described. Ini- ...www.edpsciences.org/articles/euro/pdf/2000/11/6117.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Activity: Polymer Clay Millefiori Cane Beads Objectives: Students ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版two or more packages (and colors) of Sculpey III® polymer clay (softer to work with than. Fimo® and some other brands. ... with a safer material, polymer clay. Use materials to create a functional and decorative object. ...www.museum.state.il.us/ismdepts/ anthro/beads/pdfs/millebeadsLesson.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Large magnetoresistance at room temperature in semiconducting ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版particular, polyfluorene has emerged as a high brightness, high-efficiency π-conjugated polymer. for use in OLEDs [4]. ... A thin film with thickness larger than the polymer’s conjugation-length may therefore be considered as bulk. ...ostc.physics.uiowa.edu/~wohlgenannt/MR_PFO.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Meso- and Nano-scaled Polymer Fibers and Tubes文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版Dissertation about the development, production, characteristics and industrial applications of nanofibers and structures. Author: Jun Zeng.archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2004/0025/pdf/djz.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] ELASTIC PRINCIPAL MANIFOLDS AND THEIR PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版Institute of Polymer Physics, ETH, Switzerland. alexander.gorban@mat.ethz.ch. Andrey Zinovyev. 1. Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), Bures-sur-Yvette, France. zinovyev@ihes.fr. Abstract. Principal manifolds defined as ...cogprints.org/3919/01/0405648.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Scaling and universality in economics: empirical results and ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版and Stanley HE 2001 Quantifying stock. price response to demand fluctuations. Preprint cond-mat 0106657. H Eugene Stanley and Vasiliki Plerou are. at the Center for Polymer Studies and. Department of Physics, Boston University, ...polymer.bu.edu/hes/articles/qf01.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Ionic polymer–metal composites: II. Manufacturing techniques文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版experimental procedures in manufacturing ionic polymer–metal composites. (IPMCs) that, if fully developed, can be used as ... of hydrophobic polymer is mixed into a paste with the. liquid phase monomers. The initiator and a plasticizer ...www.me.unm.edu/amri/IPMCmfgreview.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Compact low loss single air interface bends in polymer waveguides文件格式: PDF/Adobe AcrobatPhotonic integrated circuits; (250.5460) Polymer waveguides-fibers; (310.2790) Thin films;. (310.1860) Deposition and fabrication ... transferred to the polymer sidewall. We are currently working on reducing this roughness. (C) 2004 OSA ...nmdc.uah.edu/publications/papers/ 2004_OpEx_SAIBs%20in%20PFCB%20WGs.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] Role Of Polymer Loops In DNA Replication文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版S. Jun and J. Bechhoefer, “Role of Polymer Loops in DNA Replication,” Physics in Canada, 59 (2), pp. 85-92 (2003). ... static and dynamic properties of polymer loops. For example, long polymers must search ...www.sfu.ca/chaos/Publications/papers/PICdouble-col.pdf - 类似网页 [PDF] THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYMER FIBERS 1. Introduction ...文件格式: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - HTML 版Extensive technical paper describing a model for a process which realistically couples the hydrodynamics, the LCP dynamics and the temperature field, along with the free surface and boundary conditions of the manufacturing process of ...www.amath.unc.edu/Faculty/ forest/papers/for_siam_jam.pdf - 类似网页 Postscript files of alpha version of forthcoming fourth edition of ... - [ 翻译此页 BETA ]Path Integrals. in Quantum Mechanics, Statistics, Polymer Physics, and Financial Markets. Read Content and Author Blurbs · Fetch PDF files of the forthcoming fourth edition by clicking on this line. Contains Preface (Chap. ...

中科院化学所工程塑料国家重点实验室取得的成就有：单体插层缩聚制备了尼龙6/粘土纳米复合材料，可大幅度提高其热变形温度，扩大了材料的应用范围，并对插层剂的碳链长度与有机蒙脱土的层间距的关系进行了研究，在此基础上开发了PET/粘土、PBT/粘土纳米复合材料，提高了材料的热性能和阻隔性，其中PET/粘土纳米复合材料的结晶速度较PET提高了约5倍。此外还通过聚合物溶液插层及熔体插层分别制备出硅橡胶/蒙脱土及PS/粘土纳米复合材料，其中硅橡胶/蒙脱土纳米复合材料具有良好的耐磨性，各项物理、力学性能指标得到很大提高，可代替气相白炭黑填充硅橡胶，具有实用前景。相信在不久的将来，PLS纳米复合材料将会广泛应用于高分子材料及其它领域。

在20世纪，"硅酸盐及陶瓷"这一领域，发展很快，变化很大。它主要是表现在下列两个方面。 一、在含义上的变化 原先的硅酸盐材料指的是砖瓦、日用陶瓷、窗玻璃、建筑水泥等传统的硅酸盐材料。在这些材料中确实是以硅酸盐为其主要化学组成，如硅酸铝、硅酸钙等。可是到今天的硅酸盐，其含义已经发展成为广义的硅酸盐，所谓硅酸盐材料，它可以是含硅酸盐的，也可以是不含硅酸盐的，而是含其它盐类的材料，如锆酸盐、钛酸盐、铌酸盐、钽酸盐等等。它们统称硅酸盐材料，这是在含义上的一个变化。 不仅如此，今天硅酸盐的含义，它可以是盐类，也可以不是盐类。从化学的角度来看，单一元素也可以成为材料，如碳可以形成金刚石、石墨、碳纤维等，硅可以制成单晶硅和非晶硅等。都属于硅酸盐材料。此外，无机化合物也可以成为材料，如氧化铝、氮化硅、碳化硅等，也都属于硅酸盐材料。这又是含义上的变化。总之，当今的硅酸盐材料包括了单一元素的无机非金属材料，也包括了无机化合物材料，又包括了无机盐类材料以及复合盐类材料，如锆钛酸盐、铌钽酸盐等。它们的组成、结构与性能诸方面，特别是在用途方面，与传统的硅酸盐材料大不相同，成为新型硅酸盐材料。为了便于区别，新型硅酸盐材料又称无机材料。 二、在用途上的变化 硅酸盐材料的发展，具有广阔的天地，并取得了丰硕的成果。 现代化的建设，一靠材料，二靠能源，三靠信息。而能源又是离不开材料，不仅是能源本身需要有材料，而且能源的利用也需要有材料。同样，信息也是离不开材料，不仅是信息的存储需要有材料，而且信息的传输也需要有材料。由此可见，材料是何等的重要。 材料大致可分三大类：金属材料(包括合金)、高分子材料(包括液晶)和无机材料(即新型硅酸盐材料)。因此无机材料是三大材料之一，另外还有各种复合材料。其中无机复合材料已成为发展无机材料的一个重要领域。 无机材料按其用途可分两大类：无机结构材料与无机功能材料。在无机结构材料(或称无机工程材料)方面，着重考虑的是耐高温、高强度、但在某些应用中，韧性及稳定性尤其重要。在无机功能材料方面，着重考虑的是光、电、声、磁、热等各种物理性能以及它们的能量转换或者是交互效应。 无机材料，无论是作为结构材料，还是作为功能材料，都具有广泛的用途。可以涉及到机械、电子、能源利用、宇航、水声、激光、计算机以及通讯等各种工业和各项新技术，这是传统的硅酸盐材料无法比拟的。这是在应用上的变化。 不过需要补充一点。传统的硅酸盐材料本身也有所发展。老产品也在换新面孔。砖瓦已经发展成为轻质砖，马赛克等；玻璃已经发展成为钢化玻璃、防弹玻璃等；水泥已经发展成为高强水泥、快干水泥等。至于陶瓷的发展变化则更大。在这里可能对标题会产生一个问题：既然陶瓷也属于硅酸盐材料，为什么在项目标题中，把陶瓷单独列出呢？这是因为这里的陶瓷指的不是传统硅酸盐的陶瓷(pottery and porcelain)，而是指新型硅酸盐的陶瓷(ceramics)，其实它指的也就是无机材料。