莫奈小兔
[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码。例如:[1]何龄修.读南明史[J].中国史研究,1998,(3):167-173。[2]OU J P,SOONG T T,et al.Recent advance in research on applications of passive energy dissipation systems[J].Earthquack Eng,1997,38(3):358-361。
慕容诗月
英文文献的参考文献格式如下:
1、Journal(期刊)
期刊(Journal)是最常见的参考文献类型,一般需要依次列出以下信息:作者、文章的题目、期刊名称、发表年份、卷号、页码。提醒:页码也可由DOI、文章编号(ArticleNumber)代替,期刊类型参考文献也可以改成网页类型。
2、Book(书)
参考文献为书(Book),一般需要列出的信息有:作者、书名、出版社、出版社地点(包括城市和国家)、年份、页码。
3、书中的Chapter(章节)
书中的某个章节(Chapter),需要流出的信息有:作者、章节的题目、书名、编辑、出版社、出版社地点(包括城市和国家)、年份、卷号、页码。
4、还未发表的文章(UnpublishedWork)
引用了一篇还未发表的文章,你需要列出以下信息:作者、文章题目、期刊名称、阶段。
5、个人通讯(Personalcommunication)
个人通讯一般需要你列出作者所在机构和通讯时间。
6、论文(Thesis)
在参考文献中,也会出现硕士和博士论文的引用,需要给出的信息有:作者、论文题目、论文级别(硕士还是博士)、大学名称、大学地址(城市和国家)、完成时间。
7、会议(Proceedings)
一个学术会议也可以被引用。一般所需的信息有:作者、会议的名称、会议的地址(城市和国家)会议的时间。
gavin70606
外文参考文献的写法
在学习和工作的日常里,大家都不可避免地会接触到论文吧,论文可以推广经验,交流认识。你写论文时总是无从下笔?下面是我帮大家整理的外文参考文献的写法论文,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。不同的参考文献,引用和标注的格式要求是不一样的,特别是对于英文参考文献来说,格式不对,很容易影响整篇论文的质量和查重率,下面是我整理的外文参考文献的写法,欢迎大家阅览。
单一作者著作的书籍:
姓,名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市:出版社.
Sheril, R. D. (1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego: Halstead.
两位作者以上合著的书籍:
姓,名字首字母., & 姓,名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市:出版社. Smith, J., & Peter, Q. (1992). Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University Press. 文集中的文章:
Mcdonalds, A. (1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application (pp. 42–64). London: OtherWorld Books. 期刊中的文章(非连续页码):
Crackton, P. (1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 34–37.
期刊中的文章(连续页码):
姓,名字首字母.(年). 题目. 期刊名(斜体). 第几期,页码.
Rottweiler, F. T., & Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of destruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66–146.
月刊杂志中的文章:
Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.
[1] Andrea H. Creating ‘buzz’:opportunities and limitations of social media for arts institutions and their viral marketing, International Journal of Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Marketing,2012; 17(3), 173-182.
[2] Andreas M. K,Michael Haenlein.Two hearts in three-quarter time: How to waltz the social media/viral marketing dance.Business horizons,2011,54(3),253-263.
[3] Angela D.,David T.. Controlled infection! Spreading the brand message through viral marketing. Business Horizons. 2005,3(48).143-149,
[4] Bowman D.,Narayandas D.. Managing customerinitiated contacts with manufacturers: The impact on share of category requirements and word-of-mouth behavior Journal of Marketing Research, 2001,38(3),281-297.
[5] Brown J. J., Reingen P. H.. Social ties and word-of-mouth referral behavior. The Journal of Consumer Research, 1987,14(3),350—362,
[6] Carmen C. Social and attitudinal determinants of viral marketing dynamics. Computers in Human Behavior,2011,27(6),2292-2300.
[7] Douglas R.Media Virus. New York;Ballantine Books,1994,3-16.
[8] Ennew C.,Banerjee A.. Li D..Managing Word of mouth communication: empirical evidence.International Journal of Bank Marketing, 2000,18(2).75-83.
[9] Goldenberg J.,Libai B., Muller E.. Talk of the network: A complex systems look at the underlying process of word-of-mouth. Marketing Letters, 2001, 3(12).211-223.
[10] Hinz, 01iver,Skiera.Seeding Strategies for Viral Marketing: An Empirical Comparison. Journal of Marketing,2011,75(6),55-72,
[11] Ho Jason Y.C., Dempsey.vral marketing: Motivations to forward online content.ournal of Business Research?2010,63(9-10), 1000-1006.
[12] Hoedemaekers, Casper.Viral marketing and imaginary ethics, or the joke that goes too far. Psychoanalysis, Culture & Society,2011,16(2),162-178.
[13] Jinshuang L.. Scalable Influence Maximization in Social Networks Using theCommunity Discovery Algorithm. Genetic and Evolutionary Computing(1CGEC), 2012 Sixth International Conference on.2012.8(25),284-287.
[14] Judith C. Dina M.. The effect of word of mouth on sales: Online book reviews.Journal of Marketing Research.2006. 43(3).345-356.
[15] Jure L, Lada A. A, Bernardo A. H. The dynamics of viral marketing. In ACMconference on Electronic Commerce,2006,pages 228-237.
[16] Joseph E. ,Regina L..Viral Marketing or Electronic Word-of-Mouth Advertising:Examining Consumer Responses and Motivations to Pass Along Email. Journalof Advertising Research,2004,12(44),333-348.
[17] Lucy H..Viral Marketing: Share index is measure of a viral's success,MarketingWeek,2010,5(4),24-32.
[18] M. J. S"Game Plan For Viral Marketing. Meetings and Conventions,2010,45(6),41-53.
[19] Malcolm G. The Tipping Point. New York: Little,Brown and Company,2000,5-20.
[20] Mani R. S.,Balaji R. Knowledge-sharing and influence in online social networksvia viral marketing. Communications of the ACM, 2003,46(12),300—307.
[21] Matt H.The art of buzz; Viral marketing agency knows how to get a lot ofattention. National Post,2011,FP4.
[22] McConnell, Michael.'Viral' marketing's power - and time torenew.Snips,2011,80(6),5-20.
[23] Michalski, Radoslaw J.. Negative Effects of Incentivised Viral Campaigns for Activity in Social Networks. Cloud and Green Computing(CGC).2012,11(1-3),391-398.
[24] Palka, Wolfgang.Mobile word-of-mouth - A grounded theory of mobile viralmarketing. Information Technology Journal,2009.24(2), 172-185.
[25] Pandit S.,Yang Y..Maximizing Information Spread through Influence Structuresin Social Networks. Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), 2012 IEEE 12thInternational Conference on. 2012,12(10),258-265.
[26] Raei H. A New Algorithm for Positive Influence Dominating Set in SocialNetworks. Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (AS ON AM), 2012IEEE/ACM International Conference on.2012,8(26),253-257.
[27] Ralph F.W. The Six Simple Principles of Viral Marketing. 2005-02-01.
[28] Scott, David M. The New Rules of Marketing and PR: How to Use NewsReleases, Blogs, Podcasting,Viral Marketing and Online Media to Reach BuyersDirectly, John Wiley & Scons.2011,41-101
[29] Sabrina H. Viral marketing-establishing customer relationships by 'word-of-mouse'. Electronic Markets,2000,10(3),158-161.
[30] Shapiro,Michael J.. Building Buzz:How Viral Marketing Promotes Meetiongs.Meetings and Conventions,201045(6).36-42.
[31] Watts D., Peretti J.. Viral marketing for the Real Word. Harvard BusinessReview,2007,10(1),22-23.
[32] Wonyeol L.. CT-IC: Continuously Activated and Time-Restricted Independent Cascade Model for Viral Marketing. Data Mining (ICDM),2012 IEEE 12thInternational Conference on. 2012,12(10),960-965.
一、论文正文引用之处用圆括号作夹注,基本格式为“(作者,发表年份)”,同时将该引文详细信息列明在参考文献内。夹注中包含多篇文献时,各作者之间用分号隔开。
二、参考文献类型以字母方式标识:期刊J,专著M,报纸N,学位论文D,论文集C,报告R,标准S,专利P,数据库DB,计算机程序CP,电子公告EB。
三、电子文献的载体类型采用双字母表示:磁带MT,磁盘DK,光盘CD,联机网络OL。以纸张为载体的传统文献在引用时不必注明其载体类型。
四、参考文献列于文末,以“参考文献:”作为标志,先中文后外文,中文按照拼音前若干字母在字母表中的顺序排列;英文按单词前若干字母在字母表中的顺序排列。参考文献请标明序号,用数字加方括号表示,如“[1][2][3]”。
五、对于文献有多位作者的`,只标明前三位作者,以“,”分隔,从第四位开始用“等”或者“et al.”代替。
六、外文参考文献格式与中文参考文献相同,标题的首字母及各个实词的首字母大写。
七、各类参考文献条目的具体编排格式及示例如下:
1.期刊:
[序号]作者.文章标题[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码.
[1]刘明辉,张宜霞.内部控制的经济学思考[J].会计研究,2002,(8):51-53.
[1] KANAMORI H.Shaking without Quaking[J].Science,2002,15(1):12-17.
2.专著:
[序号]著者.书名[M].出版地:出版者,出版年:起止页码.
[2]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学[M].上海:上海人民出版社,1996:15-18.
[2]JONES R M. Mechanics of Composite Materials[M].New York: McGraw Hill Book Company, 1975.
3.报纸:
[序号]作者.文章标题[N].报纸名,出版日期(版次).
[3]陈毓圭.修订完善审计准则 保持持续全面国际趋同[N].上海证券报,2010-9-20(10).
[3]GUO Ai-bing. Auto Show Revs up Customers' Desire[N].China Daily,2002-06-07(1).
4.学位论文:
[序号]作者.文章标题[D].地点:单位,年.
[4]朱刚.新型流体有限元法及叶轮机械正反混合问题[D].北京:清华大学,1996.
[4]Sun M.A Study of Helicopter Rotor Aerodynamics in Ground Effect[D].Princeton:Princeton University,1983.
5.论文集析出文献:
[序号]作者.文章标题[C]//编者.文集名.出版地:出版者,出版年:起止页码.
[5]张佑才.繁荣会计理论研究促进会计事业发展[C]//中国会计学会.1996年会计学论文集.北京:中国财政经济出版社,1997:537-548.
[5]Hunninghaks G W,Gadek J B,Szapiel S V,et al.The Human Alveolar Macrophage[C]//Harris C C.Cultured Human Cells and Issues in Biomedical Research.New York:Academic Press,1980:54-56.
6.电子文献:
对于非纸张型载体的电子文献,当被引用为参考文献时需在参考文献类型标志中同时标明其载体类型[文献类型标志/载体类型标志],如“[J/OL]”。对于载体为“OL”的文献,还应标明发表或更新日期(加圆括号,有出版年的文献可不选此项)、引用日期和网址。
[序号]作者.文章标题[文献类型标志/载体类型标志].(发表或更新日期)[引用日期].网址.
[6]王军.振奋精神 潜心研究 大力推进会计理论研究的繁荣与发展[R/OL].(2005-01-08)[2006-11-12]. http://www.asc.em.tsinghua.edu.cn.
[6]CHRISTINE M. Plant Physiology: Plant Biology in the Genome Era[J/OL].Science(S0036-8075),1998,281:331-332[1998-09-23].
GoCheck论文检测专家.对比资源库涵盖:论文库,中文期刊库(涵盖中国期刊论文网络数据库、中文科技期刊数据库、中文重要学术期刊库、中国重要社科期刊库、中国重要
[序号]主要责任者.文献题名[J].刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码。例如:[1]何龄修.读南明史[J].中国史研究,1998,(3):167-173。[2]OU
参考文献是指作者在写作过程中借鉴过的、对本文有启发的文献,一般标注在文章末尾。有的会在文章具体位置中标明具体的参考页码,有的不会。受文献启发的地方不一定要和原文
大概半年到八个月吧 这个时间不一定的
书和杂志都是文字记录信息的载体的一种,它们的区别是: 1、书的内容是比较固定的,而杂志是定期更新内容的。 2、书的作者也都是比较固定的,而杂志是很多内容的杂糅体