工业设计论文英语

不难。硕士基本都是考过了英语四六级的，对英语的使用是熟练的，哈工大工业设计硕士只有用过英语考级考试才能赋予学位，用英语单词写一篇英语论文对他们来说十分简单。

工业设计 Industrial Design 帮楼主找了些很全面的资料哦，英文版本华文版本 designIndustrial design is an applied art whereby the aesthetics and usability of products may be improved for marketability and production. The role of an Industrial Designer is to create and execute design solutions towards problems of engineering, usability, marketing, brand development and sales.Definition of industrial designGeneralIndustrial Designers are a cross between a mechanical engineer and an artist. They study both function and form, and the connection between product and the user. They do not design the gears or motors that make machines move, or the circuits that control the movement. And usually, they partner with engineers and marketers, to identify and fulfill needs, wants and expectations.In Depth"Industrial Design (ID) is the professional service of creating and developing concepts and specifications that optimize the function, value and appearance of products and systems for the mutual benefit of both user and manufacturer." According to the IDSA (Industrial Design Society of America)Design, itself, is often difficult to define to non-designers because the meaning accepted by the design community is not one made of words. Instead, the definition is created as a result of acquiring a critical framework for the analysis and creation of artifacts. One of the many accepted (but intentionally unspecific) definitions of design originates from Carnegie Mellon's School of Design, "Design is the process of taking something from its existing state and moving it to a preferred state". This applies to new artifacts, whose existing state is undefined and previously created artifacts, whose state stands to be improved.According to the (Chartered Society of Designers) design is a force that delivers innovation that in turn has exploited creativity. Their design framework known as the Design Genetic Matrix (TM) determines a set of competences in 4 key genes that are identified to define the make up of designers and communicate to a wide audience what they do. Within these genes the designer demonstrates the core competences of a designer and specific competences determine the designer as an 'industrial designer'. This is normally within the context of delivering innovation in the form of a three dimensional product that is produced in quantity. However the definition also extends to products that have been produced using an industrial process. Industrial design is rapidly becoming an obsolete term as 'products' can now be industrially produced as 'one-offs' by the use of Rapid Prototyping Machines. In a post-industrial era and with the emergence of strategic design definitions such as this are incumbering designers and the advancement of design practice.According to the ICSID, (International Council of Societies of Industrial Design) "Design is a creative activity whose aim is to establish the multi-faceted qualities of objects, processes, services and their systems in whole life-cycles. Therefore, design is the central factor of innovative humanization of technologies and the crucial factor of cultural and economic exchange.Process of designAlthough the process of design may be considered 'creative', many analytical processes also take place. In fact, many industrial designers often use various design methodologies in their creative process. Some of the processes that are commonly used are user research, sketching, comparative product research, model making, prototyping and testing. These processes can be chronological, or as best defined by the designers and/or other team members. Industrial Designers often utilize 3D software, Computer-aided industrial design and CAD programs to move from concept to production. Product characteristics specified by the industrial designer may include the overall form of the object, the location of details with respect to one another, colors, texture, sounds, and aspects concerning the use of the product ergonomics. Additionally the industrial designer may specify aspects concerning the production process, choice of materials and the way the product is presented to the consumer at the point of sale. The use of industrial designers in a product development process may lead to added values by improved usability, lowered production costs and more appealing products. However, some classic industrial designs are considered as much works of art as works of engineering: the iPod, Coke bottle, and VW Beetle are frequently-cited examples.Industrial design has no focus on technical concepts, products and processes. In addition to considering aesthetics, usability, and ergonomics, it can also encompass the engineering of objects, usefulness as well as usability, market placement, and other concerns such as seduction, psychology, desire, and the sexual or affectionate attachment of the user to the object. These values and accompanying aspects on which industrial design is based can vary, both between different schools of thought and among practicing designers.Product design and industrial design can overlap into the fields of user interface design, information design and interaction design. Various schools of industrial design and/or product design may specialize in one of these aspects, ranging from pure art colleges (product styling) to mixed programs of engineering and design, to related disciplines like exhibit design and interior design.Also used to describe a technically competent product designer or industrial designer is the term Industrial Design Engineer. The Cyclone vacuum cleaner inventor James Dyson for example could be considered to be in this category (see his autobiography Against The Odds, Pub Thomson 2002).Industrial design rightsIndustrial design rights are intellectual property rights that make exclusive the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian. An industrial design consists of the creation of a shape, configuration or composition of pattern or color, or combination of pattern and color in three dimensional form containing aesthetic value. An industrial design can be a two- or three-dimensional pattern used to produce a product, industrial commodity or handicraft. Under the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs, a WIPO-administered treaty, a procedure for an international registration exists. An applicant can file for a single international deposit with WIPO or with the national office in a country party to the treaty. The design will then be protected in as many member countries of the treaty as desired.

The industry design- future master of Chinese industry"What is the industrial design?" This question caused the people which multitudinous has not involved regarding this has the understanding desire actually to have the psychology which confused, did not know should by among what kind of status, what way involvement. And what is more believed that, the industrial design is the simple packing. They cannot understand any is "industry designer". They thought the designer must be the branch industry, for instance designs the toy to call "toy designer", designs the furniture to call "furniture designer", designs the automobile to call "automobile designer". Actually, the industrial design is the outward appearance design not merely. Now is cramped to the industrial design understanding very much, regards as it is the modelling design merely, therefore it must go naturally with the craft comparison, the Chinese industry designer basically all is an outward appearance modelling design. The handset sells the fire such, actually changging is the outward appearance. The plan is others, the patent is others, we only can go to trade the color to trade the outer covering. We only are in tidy up to the product, do not have the solution basic question. Since the industrial design has said is in fact the Industrial Revolution people's design. Since the Industrial Revolution appeared the big division of labor, some people study the market specially, some people study the marketing specially, some people study the technical development specially, some people study people's life demand specially. This time, designed is separated, this time design was called the industrial design. The industrial design takes to the enterprise the huge benefit. The industrial design occupies the big ingredient in a product value, not greatly easy quantification, because it is contains in inside, is a soft value, its content is the cultural value, is the national mechanism, the horizontal ability one kind manifests. The overseas some similar analogies, like US has this kind of view, certainly is not very precise: In the enterprise if invested in the technical equipment renews has brought benefit, that industrial design brought the benefit was its 5 times. If invests 1,000 US dollars, brings the benefit on the equipment is 10% speech, that this 1,000 US dollars will throw the benefit which will bring to the design will be 780%, at least 560%, because its added value high, the profit will be high. England's Madame Thatcher as early as had said in 20 years ago, England may not have the government, but may not not design. England's success mainly depends on its design impetus. The industrial design is belongs to the modern industry product, the product structure, the industrial structure carries on the specialty which the plan design, innovates unceasingly. Its core is take "human" as the center, the design creation achievement must be able fully to adapt, satisfiedly to take "human" the demand. Humanity's demand never can pause on some, thus the industry is the design also is needs "to redesign" the specialty. The industrial design is the scientific research technology achievement transforms as the product, forms the commodity, conforms to the demand, the beneficial environmental protection core process, is the technical innovation and the knowledge innovation touchdown target, is system approach which the product, the commodity, the thing, the waste product transforms mutually. The industrial design essence is "artificial thing science". Before the reform and open policy, our country basically has not formed own industrial design ability. In the modern industry product, extremely little belongs to our country to originate. Two, under the planned economy system, the product uniform purchase has exclusive selling rights, falls short of demand, is the seller market, under such historical condition, also does not need the industrial design. In the recent 20 years, our country industrial design enterprise had the very big progress. The at the beginning of 1980s, the universities, colleges and institutes start to establish the industrial design specialty, now, our country had more than 200 colleges and universities to open this specialty, some big enterprises also one after another established the industrial design department, the industrial design started in the product modelling design aspect to win initial success. As a result of the industrial design advancement, causes the enterprise product modelling diversification, but looked from society's overall, the industrial design still was at the early time development phase in our country, but also has not been able to like the developed country to be same, created the high benefit with extremely active "productive forces" "industrial". The big market concept essence is not by "the modelling" design primarily, but is serves the "user take" as "this". Therefore, the industrial design true duty, is carries on the conceptual design to the new life style demand which the localization of target, the research analysis and determined from this. This leading direction on for the work which met down had found the very good starting point. At present " sells fixes production quotas " " the small market " mechanism, the force enterprise falls into vicious circle " noisy crowd ", “the price war " eddy current is inescapably involved. Its primary cause has not grasped industrial design this methodology, therefore has not been able in the enterprise industrial structure, in the product mix adjustment strategy and even " brand ", “in the quality " concept, serves the " customer for central " " the " goal to take truly the enterprise profit the basic condition, but only grasps " hardware ", the technology, the processing quality, the advertisement, the marketing and the enterprise vivid strategy and so on these methods. Does not stress the basic market localization, the market goal variation strategy, namely did not stress the industrial design, enterprise's technological innovation has lost the goal, created the enormous resources waste, finally, enterprise's competition only paused in the low level. Cites an example to explain malpractice: The developing nation development automobile industry has two paths, one is the South Korean path, through the independent development, the development nationality industry, becomes the multinational corporation the competitor; One take the Latin American nations as representative, runnings in the capital path, degenerates into the multinational corporation the dependency. But our country produces early compared to South Korea the automobile for several years, several big automobile group company is basic until now independently has not developed the passenger vehicle ability. Are increasingly many with the foreign joint capital automobile enterprise, in the world the famous multinational corporation nearly all arrived China to pool capital. Most important, uses our technology to fire our brand, carries forward the national industry to need the industrial design in the final analysis. In the independent brand time, the design will become the commercial strategy a part, the design strategy becomes the enterprise strategy the important part. Perhaps the design can create the new business model in this time. Because is too early, we are impossible to this kind of strategy industrial design understanding in extremely clearly, but some tendencies we are may estimate. One is the product image distinguishes into possibly, each brand all must have own individuality, this kind of individuality will also manifest in enterprise's all product family member; Two, the design object can have the development. Its real situation and the thing equally important, the product and the service is worth taking equally. Not only enterprise sales product, but also sells the service. Again to looks out into the distance the vision looks, the experience design not does not have possibly. Three, in the design method even more emphasized the team cooperation, the team members will come from a broader domain. In fact, because has the special status and the function in the industrial promotion and the development, now many countries already the industrial design took the national innovation strategy the important constituent, establishes the special control section in abundance, the investment huge fund, and gives the support in the industrial policy. England is equipped with National Design Committee, manages the nation industrial design advancement work; Japan proposed " builds the nation on the basis of scientific and technical development, the design leads the way the " national policy, is equipped with the design promotion hall, the design policy hall as well as the industrial promotion in the Ministry of International Trade and Industry can use in advancing this work; South Korean Government is proposed in the industrial development summary that, hoped becomes the world to 2010 to design the powerful nation. Then our country if hoped can through enhance the high-tech product the added value to strengthen our comprehensive strength, then should start from the present to take the industrial design, sets up the special government control section and the profession association, and provides the capital source for it. Government to industrial design fund investment, also must have the special allocation, set up the fund. Under so environment, not only can develop the native place to design, but also can have the formidable rallying point to attract more international resources.