Stored procedureFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, searchA stored procedure is a subroutine available to applications accessing a relational database system. Stored procedures (sometimes called a proc, sproc, StoPro, or SP) are actually stored in the database data uses for stored procedures include data validation (integrated into the database) or access control mechanisms. Furthermore, stored procedures are used to consolidate and centralize logic that was originally implemented in applications. Large or complex processing that might require the execution of several SQL statements is moved into stored procedures and all applications call the procedures procedures are similar to user-defined functions (UDFs). The major difference is that UDFs can be used like any other expression within SQL statements, whereas stored procedures must be invoked using the CALL statement[citation needed]CALL procedure(…)orEXECUTE procedure(…)Stored procedures can return result sets, . the results of a SELECT statement. Such result sets can be processed using cursors by other stored procedures by associating a result set locator, or by applications. Stored procedures may also contain declared variables for processing data and cursors that allow it to loop through multiple rows in a table. The standard Structured Query Language provides IF, WHILE, LOOP, REPEAT, CASE statements, and more. Stored procedures can receive variables, return results or modify variables and return them, depending on how and where the variable is [hide]1 Implementation2 Other uses3 Comparison with Dynamic SQL4 Difference between Stored Procedures and Functions5 Disadvantages6 References7 External links[edit] ImplementationThe exact and correct implementation of stored procedure varies from one database system to another. Most major database vendors support them in some form. Depending on the database system, stored procedures can be implemented in a variety of programming languages, for example SQL, Java, C, or C++. Stored procedures written in non-SQL programming languages may or may not execute SQL statements increasing adoption of stored procedures led to the introduction of procedural elements to the SQL language in the SQL:1999 and SQL:2003 standards in the part SQL/PSM. That made SQL an imperative programming language. Most database systems offer proprietary and vendor-specific extensions, exceeding SQL/PSM. For example, Microsoft SQL Server allows for stored procedures to be written using Transact-SQL; Oracle calls its dialect PL/SQL, DB2 uses SQL/PL, PostgreSQL provides PL/pgSQL and also allows users to define their own function languages such as pl/perl or pl/php, and MySQL supports their own stored procedures that try to adhere closely to the SQL:2003 standard[edit] Other usesIn some systems, stored procedures can be used to control transaction management; in others, stored procedures run inside a transaction such that transactions are effectively transparent to them. Stored procedures can also be invoked from a database trigger or a condition handler. For example, a stored procedure may be triggered by an insert on a specific table, or update of a specific field in a table, and the code inside the stored procedure would be executed. Writing stored procedures as condition handlers also allow DBAs to track errors in the system with greater detail by using stored procedures to catch the errors and record some audit information in the database or an external resource like a file.[edit] Comparison with Dynamic SQLBecause stored procedure statements are stored directly in the database, this can remove the compilation overhead that is typically required in situations where software applications send inline (dynamic) SQL queries to a database. However, most database systems implement statement caches to avoid repetitive compilation of dynamic SQL statements. In addition, pre-compiled SQL statements, while avoiding some overhead, add to the complexity of creating an optimal execution plan because not all arguments of the SQL statement are supplied at compile time. Depending on the specific database implementation and configuration, mixed performance results will be seen from stored procedures versus generic queries or user defined major advantage with stored procedures is that they can run directly within the database engine. In a production system, this typically means that the procedures run entirely on a specialized database server, which has direct access to the data being accessed. The benefit here is that network communication costs can be avoided completely. This becomes particularly important for complex series of SQL procedures allow for business logic to be embedded as an API in the database, which can simplify data management and reduce the need to encode the logic elsewhere in client programs. This may result in a lesser likelihood of data becoming corrupted through the use of faulty client programs. Thus, the database system can ensure data integrity and consistency with the help of stored procedures.[edit] Difference between Stored Procedures and Functionsa. Only function can Return a value (to be precise using the Return keyword)b. Procedures can use ‘Return’ keyword but without any value being passedc. Functions could be used in select statements, provided they don’t do any data manipulation inside and also should not have any OUT, IN OUT . Functions must return a value, but for procedure it is not . The Function can have only in parameter.[edit] DisadvantagesStored procedures are often said to be more secure than dynamic SQL, since users may have no direct table access. In real world, the database is most often used not by users, but by programmers. If they are restricted to a fixed set of procedures and not allowed to run proper queries, the system will perform poorly. In order to fix this, the developers need to have access to actually modify the procedures, which is far more administrative privilege than allowing simple select/insert/update/delete statements. Spurious changes to stored procedures may lead to destabilizing remote parts of code. Splitting project team into database and application developers creates extra bureaucracy barrier, which in non security-critical systems is mostly of using "where something in (value1, value2, ...)" may lead some developers to write code that passes SQL as a string to a stored procedure, leading to far more dangerous SQL injection attacks than are feasible with sanitized parameterised more, some modern DBMS systems (notably from MS SQL Server 2000 onwards) don't offer any performance benefits of using stored procedures - they are compiled and cached in the same manner as dynamic SQL is. Indeed, it has been observed that using simple CRUD procedures creates only an extra efficiency overhead.[edit] ReferencesThis article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. (October 2007)
论文对所设计的汽车销售系统进行了论述，在设计该系统前，对系统进行了详细的用户需求分析，在毕业设计过程中，首先根据用户需求分析对系统的数据库进行了精心设计，对系统进行了总体规划，然后，对系统的各个功能模块进行了详细的设计，编写了实现这些功能的程序代码。在系统的设计过程中对所设计的程序不断地进行修改与调试，使系统功能得以不断完善。该系统能在计算机上成功运行，实现汽车销售管理。 The paper to the auto sale system which designed has carried on the elaboration, before designing this system, has carried on the detailed user's needs analysis to the system, in the graduation project process, first has carried on the careful design according to the user's needs analysis to system's database, has carried on the overall plan to the system, then, has carried on the detailed design to system's each functional module, compiled has realized these function procedure code. To the procedure which designs makes the revision and the debugging unceasingly in system's design process, enables the system function to consummate unceasingly. This system can succeed the movement on the computer, realizes the auto sale management. 该系统的表现层主要使用了JSP、CSS技术，用Java语言设计了后台逻辑，使用了SQL Server 2000设计后台的数据库。系统从开始的登陆模块，到各个功能模块都反映出设计者从安全性、人性化以及实用性等方面考虑。在登陆页面的时候加入了验证码。进入系统到各个模块，都可以收索到所有用户的信息，而且用户密码是用MD5编码方式加密，因此即使有人能进入系统模块，也不用担心密码被窃取。同时如果是用普通用户或者是一般的管理员身份进入是看不到这个模块的。使用该系统，管理员可以根据市场的变动情况修改、添加或者删除有关汽车基本情况的信息。在系统的订单模块控制下，客户可以通过网络下订单。在系统中进行了图表统计，可以很直观地看到每个地区和各个年份的汽车销售情况，可以对地区和年份进行查询。系统还设计了客户反馈的功能，客户可以通过网络留下自己的意见，管理员可以对这些意见进行模糊查询、检索以及删除操作。所设计的汽车销售系统运行稳定，用户界面友好。This system's performance level has mainly used JSP, the CSS technology, with the Java language design backstage logic, has used SQL Server 2000 to design the backstage the database. The system from the debarkation module which starts, reflected to each functional module the designer from aspects and so on security, user-friendly as well as usability considered. In lands page's time has joined the confirmation code. Enters the system to each module, may receive the rope to all user's information, moreover the user password is with the MD5 encoding method encryption, even if therefore some people can enter the system module, also does not need the worry password to steal. Simultaneously if or is the common manager status enters with the average consumer does not look at this module. Uses this system, the manager may revise, the increase or the deletion related automobile basic situation information according to the market change situation. Under system's order form modular control, the customer may adopt under the network the order form. Has carried on the graph statistics in the system, may see very intuitively each local and each year's auto sale situation, may carries on the inquiry to the area and the year. The system also designed the customer feedback function, the customer has been possible to leave behind own opinion through the network, the manager may carry on the fuzzy inquiry, the retrieval as well as the deletion operation to these opinions. Designs the auto sale systems operation is stable, the user interface is friendly.
google翻译，然后自己再改一下就好了。
不可以没有源代码。毕业论文的源代码是必须要的，但是没人会把你的源代码从头到位检查一遍，更不会有人把你的源代码拿来编译，源代码必须要写入软盘然后和论文，翻译啊等东西一起交给导师。没有源代码，论文就过不了。如果是次一点的本科，加上你跟导师有关系，那可能导师会给你过。
提供一些翻译方向的论文题目，供参考。商务合同英汉互译技巧英文品牌汉译知识对于翻译的重要性中英文化差异及其对英汉互译的消极影响英语广告中修辞手法的应用及其翻译<<红楼梦>>金陵判词两种译文的比较及评析从红楼梦诗词翻译看翻译中的文化补偿关于李后主“虞美人”的3种英译本的鉴赏跨文化交际与商标翻译中式菜肴的命名与翻译浅谈英语电影片名的翻译英文电影片名的翻译策略英文化妆品广告之美学翻译数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探浅析原语文本在目标语文本中文体的适应性英语习用语翻译中的等效性研究论语境在英汉翻译中的作用浅析英语动画片翻译的基本原则中英服饰广告的翻译论英汉翻译中语篇连贯的重要性论译者的风格与译风经济英语中的隐喻及其翻译从翻译的美学角度浅析旅游资料的中英译
你可以写写广告语的翻译啊，或者是英文电影的翻译，都是很不错的，资料也很好找。希望我的回答能给你帮助！
你选的那个题确实很大啊 ，翻译方面可写的太多了，比如 从跨文化角度对翻译错误的分析，最近我也正在写一篇翻译方面的论文，是 论译者的编译能力，也没什么资料可找，那COPY的嫌疑就少了，如果你想选个合适的题目的话，你可以再中国知网找找相关的翻译方面的论文资料，应该会给你很多启发的希望我的建议可以给你帮助
你也可以写《英语新闻标题的翻译》 这里只涉及到翻译中英语新闻标题的翻译 其他的不会涉及 在论文中也没有必要提 只研究这一块就可以 写出的论文既不会跑题也不会范围很大 写论文切记不能把范围盖的那么大 导师都不会同意你去写 在很大范围中找出一小点来进行全面举例 对比 分析 最后得出结论或是研究成果
再怎么样，直接翻译一份东西做不了论文的吧，至少得有个主题去研究得出个结论才叫论文吧。
那当然是会被认为是抄袭了。其实你自己写一篇就完了呗，为什么非要翻译别人的啊？
毕业论文要导师给范围,然后自己写出来,翻译文献本身就是毕业论文其中要占分的一项,如果你不怕以后被查出或者其它什么,就翻译吧,你要相信,如果你找得到的文章,别人不可能找不到哦
问你们导师就知道啦
编辑证书是对你论文语言文字已经达标的证明，是对润色服务专业度的保证。北京译顶科技做的不错，可以联系他们一下你可以加速去知道了解下
菜鸟一个，前半年收到一个大修。top，1区。出自一个审稿人，52条comments 。但没有补数据的建议，反而三次说我数据特别详实但分析得不透彻，有点避重就轻。总之52条意见循循善诱，数次夸赞你的工作有意义，又分析你的不足。北京译顶科技做的不错，可以联系他们一下想了解详细些不妨统一去知道了解下
根据学术堂的了解，在sci论文翻译的过程中，译者不能一味地逐字逐句地翻译，要按照论文写作规范进行概述甚至总结。选用更为专业的术语表达原文的意思，不能太口语化。这就是一个句式转换的问题，在翻译成中文时要将潜在的衔接词表现出来。否则就会导致句子太过孤立。要想翻译好一篇sci论文需要具备以下特点：1、具备相当的专业背景SCI论文翻译对译者的门槛比较高。译者不但要有良好的语言修为，更重要的是具备相当的专业背景。国内外SCI论文翻译从业者人数众多，很多译者（多数是英语专业）仍靠低价位接纳稿件，而相对资深的译员（多是具备医学背景）则靠稿件质量取胜，他们的稿件量比较多，价格也比非专业人士要高一些。综合来看，后者肯定更容易获得长期发展。2、具备相当的论文写作能力SCI论文翻译的稿件多是一些技术性文档及专业性很强的PDF文献。翻译的过程中，译者不能一味地逐字逐句地翻译，要按照论文写作规范进行概述甚至总结。选用更为专业的术语表达原文的意思，不能太口语化。这就是一个句式转换的问题，在翻译成中文时要将潜在的衔接词表现出来。否则就会导致句子太过孤立。3、在读懂原文的基础上进行翻译学术论文翻译往往具有一定的难度，但是也有规律及依据可循。比如，每一个句子后面都有附有一篇参考文献，翻译时很多人遇到不懂的地方常硬着头皮翻译，不去看参考文献，这是不恰当的。不懂的地方，一定要查看参考文献，从参考文献内获取进一步信息，加深对文章句子的理解。这样才能做到准确。再者，在翻译过程中为了明确表达原文的意思，甚至有必要将原文未写而参考文献表述的意思体现出来。从这个角度来讲，SCI论文翻译对学历的要求还是比较高的，起码得具备相当的文献阅读能力。以目前教育水平来看，起码得硕士以上学历才能接触到这种专业文献。4、熟悉一些翻译理论，掌握一定的翻译方法和技巧要做好SCI论文翻译，掌握一定的翻译理论、翻译方法和技巧是必不可少的。这不仅可以使译文锦上添花，更可以提高译者的翻译效率和准确性。翻译理论无需看得太多，看多了也没有多大益处。建议大家平时每天做一定量的翻译训练，然后找同行读一下是否通顺。久而久之，会有进步。
1.专业SCI论文翻译的过程里，需要要达到表述准确，又一定要了解相关领域的知识，熟练掌握同一概念的中英语表达法。单纯靠对语言的把握也能传达双方的语言信息， 但在运用语言的灵活性和准确性两方面都会受到很大限制。要解决这个问题，译者就要努力熟悉这个领域的相关知识。比如，因此了解相关领域知识，在翻译过程中对翻译人员的语言理解力和SCI论文翻译质量都有很大帮助。论文翻译的标准是实践的准绳和衡量译文好坏的尺度。关于翻译的标准，历来提法很多。有的主张“信、达、雅”， 有的主张“信、顺”等等。但有一点是共同的，即一切译文都应包括原文思想内容和译文语言形式这两方面。3.忠实应忠实于原内容， 准确地、完整地、科学地表达原文的内容，不得有任何篡改、歪曲、遗漏或任意增删的现象。内容通常指文中所叙述的事实，说明的事理，作者在叙述、说明和描写过程中所反映的思想、观点、立场和所流露的感情等。4.通顺SCI论文翻译语言必须通顺易懂，符合规范，用词造句应符合本族语的习惯，要用民族的、科学的、大众的语言， 以求通顺易懂。不应有文理不通、结构混乱、逐词死译和生硬晦涩等现象。
把中文论文翻译成英文会被查重的。
现在知网已经重新更新升级了，类似图片、翻译等都能被被查重，以前的大学生因为在写作能力欠缺，就会从知网上下载一些中文文章，然后用百度翻译或者有道翻译把文章从中文改成中文，或者找英语外国语专业的学生代为翻译，也可以请代写或者在淘宝上去买文章，避免查重。
以前确实查不出来，时代在进步，工具也在更新，所以不是原创的文章都有可能被查重。
文科类文章，可以用相近、类似的词语代替原有的意思，同时也可以将自己的观点，思想上完善、修改，但是整体的结构、脉络上还是有所相似，被查重的几率还是存在。
理科类的文章就比较困难，因为理工科的数据是通过实验分析、定量检测、模具分析等实验的结果来进行填补的，数据是不会人的，所以数值是不变的，翻译成英文，主心词汇还是那些，不过就是换了英文罢了，依旧会有被查重的可能。
论文的格式：
题目：应简洁、明确、有概括性，字数不宜超过20个字。
摘要：要有高度的概括力，语言精练、明确，中文摘要约100—200字。
关键词：从论文标题或正文中挑选3～5个最能表达主要内容的词作为关键词。
目录：写出目录，标明页码。
正文：论文正文字数一般应在1000字以上。主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点等。前言要写得简明扼要，篇幅不要太长。
以上内容参考：AEIC-论文的格式
降低论文查重率的方法：
1、图形转换：即将查重率较高的部分从文本转换为图片，可以直接截图或自己制作图片。此时，论文查重系统无法识别图片内容，但应注意控制论文的字数，避免论文字数不足。
2、翻译方法：即用翻译软件将高查重率的内容翻译成英文，然后自行翻译成中文，或用另一个翻译软件转换成中文。此时，原因的句子结构将发生变化，从而降低论文查重率。
3、调整结构方法：是调整原句子结构，如调整句子主谓宾的顺序，也可以使用问题句。确认句子和其他常规句子类型，以达到降重的目的，但要注意不要改变段落和句子的原意。
4、同义转换：同义转换是将一些原始但使用较少的同义词或意思相似的词代替一些原始单词和句子。此时，重复检测也可以有效地降低论文的论文查重率，而不会被论文查重检测系统标记为红色。
5、改变标点符号法：顾名思义，就是修改句子中的一些标点符号，如句号改为逗号、逗号改为顿号等，这也是一种相对简单、直接的降重方法，该方法的作用也比较明显。
会的，但是不一定能查出重复，因为翻译过后的内容语义有可能会发生变化，查重系统即使翻译回来，翻译后的句子也不可能和原句一模一样，因此大概率是不会被检测出重复内容。但是翻译后的句子逻辑不通顺，如果论文中大量存在翻译的内容，即便能通过查重，在后续的答辩或者导师检查中也会暴露出问题，影响毕业，建议学生不要使用翻译的方法来降低重复率。
不一定，如今大家最常用的是知网，大学本科论文、研究生论文和期刊论文均有相应的论文检测系统，知网收录的数据库十分庞大，已支持主流中英文及小语种的检测，突破了语言障碍。如果在正文中翻译或引用了外国文献，知网是会对其进行检测的。
知网检测报告中有一个“跨语言检测”，如果你把一篇外文文献完全翻译过来放进自己的论文里，知网也能检测到，所以可以借鉴但不要直接抄袭
如今大家最常用的是知网。大学本科论文、研究生论文和期刊论文均有相应的论文检测系统，知网收录的数据库十分庞大，已支持主流中英文及小语种的检测，突破了语言障碍。如果在正文中翻译或引用了外国文献，知网是会对其进行检测的。
哪怕找中文论文，也不要随便看个合适的文章就写，国内学术体系的风格是天下文章一大抄，不太在乎出处和查重，但是海外的学术体系可不惯你这毛病。
论文讲究原创性，不建议直接翻译他人成果的行为，英文论文固然难写，自己写成中文，翻译自己的文章，比翻译他人的成果要安全太多。
英文论文的重复类型
英文论文重复按照重复级别高低排序，主要包括想法重复、翻译式重复、改写式重复、伪装式重复和复制粘贴重复几种：